emmvee photovoltaics image brochure 2011

Your Partner for Solar Energy

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Greetings 3

Solar Modules from Bangalore to Berlin 4

EMMVEE: State-of-the-art Production 6

Teamwork 9

The Cell 10

The Embedding Foil 12

The Glass 14

The Junction Box 16

The Modules 18

Cleaning 23

Long-Term Tests for EMMVEE Modules 24

Quality Management 26

Tips & Tricks for Installation and Maintenance 30

Insurance · Customer Service · Practical Training 32

Environmental Compatibility 34

References 35

Contact 38

Locations 39

A Piece of the Sun: in the Middle of Europe

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Dear Ladies and Gentlemen,

Thank you for your interest in EMMVEE Photovoltaics GmbH. This presentation seeks to provide an

overview of EMMVEE: our production, product components, history and services. Since EMMVEE’s

inception in 1992, the company has developed various areas of expertise. Photovoltaics is only one of

our specialties. Thus we created this multifaceted brochure to present to you all relevant details relating

to EMMVEE’s various business segments and offer you a glance into our company philosophy. What

are our areas of expertise? What are EMMVEE’s special features? Our two top priorities are: quality

and service. In order to ensure long-lasting module efficiency, we have developed long-term business

relationships with renowned component manufacturers and place great emphasis on innovative quality

management. With the help of our 650 employees in locations around the world and 11 suppliers we

are able to stand out through excellent customer service. Our friendly and accessible support team

assist our customers and offer solutions to all questions or problems. Please contact us for any company

or product related inquiry.

We can be reached anytime at [email protected]

We hope you will enjoy our company brochure.

Sincerely,

Steffen Graf Salvatore Cammilleri D. V. Manjunatha

Greetings Managing Directors EMMVEE Photovoltaics GmbH (from left to right):S. Graf, S. Cammilleri, D. V. Manjunatha (founder of Emmvee)

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EMMVEE Photovoltaics GmbH is a German-Indian developer and manufacturer of monocrystalline and polycrystalline high per-formance modules in Bangalore , the Silicon Valley of India. We offer various solutions for the PV industry. The modules are suita-ble for use in grid-connected and off-grid applications. EMMVEE achieves a high degree of process reliability, excellent production results and top product quality thanks to the use of state-of-the-art technology from our machine supplier Somont/3S Swiss So-lar Systems AG. Presently the product range covers 10 different modules and the production capacity will reach 135 MW.

In 1992, D. V. Manjunatha founded the company EMMVEE Solar Systems Pvt. Ltd in Bangalore, India, and initially began with the production of solar thermal systems. As time went on, various business segments were added. Today, EMMVEE has more than 650 well trained and highly motivated employees all over the world working in the segments of photovoltaic, so-lar thermal systems and glass production.

We offer our employees constant education and training to keep up to date with all industry developments. Internationally

trained, qualified and motivated specialist staff and engineers achieve excellent production results through continuous innova-tion and a comprehensive quality management system in pro-duction. Our goal is to enter into long-term business relation-ships with renowned manufacturers of brand-name components. That way we can ensure a production of consistently high-qual-ity modules that will last for years to come.

EMMVEE uses only brand-name components, mostly from Germany. The majority of our modules are manufactured with cells from Q-Cells and Bosch. As a result, we produce modules of long-lasting quality and efficiency.

We utilize only the best components to reach the highest de-gree of efficiency and reliability. We have achieved a further increase in effectiveness by using Albarino P and G front glass supplied by Saint-Gobain Solar Glass, one of the leading man-ufacturers in Europe. The special patterned surface reflects the incident light multiple times onto the cells (light trap effect) which offers an increase in efficiency of at least 3 % compared to flat glass. The Institute for Solar Energy Research Hameln GmbH doc-

EMMVEE Photovoltaics GmbH:Solar Modules from Bangalore to Berlin

EMMVEE is a company of over 650 well trained and highly motivated employees in India, Germany, Italy, France and the United Kingdom. We only use carefully selected brand-name components from renowned manufacturers to produce modules of outstanding quality, high yield, long life and attractive design. Let’s take a look at EMMVEE’s business:

EMMVEE in GermanyEMMVEE in India

EMMVEE in Italy

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umented the efficiency gain (page 24). EMMVEE were the first users of Albari-no front glass.

Our best selling module is the ES-230 P60 comprising of 60 polycrystalline 6-inch cells made by Q-Cells (Q) compli-mented with high-quality Albarino front glass for greater efficiency. It has a per-formance range of 220 Wp to 240 Wp and performs especial-ly well under low-light conditions. The 50 mm anodized alumi-num frame and 4 mm thick front glass ensure great stability and support even under harsh weather conditions, such as heavy rain, wind and snow.

Our products come with a 10-year product warranty. More-over, we warrant a yield of 90 percent of the minimum output power identified within the first 10 years and of 80 percent within the first 25 years from commissioning.

Our modules are always made of high-quality brand compo-nents mostly from Germany: solar cells and string connectors by Bruker-Spaleck; junction boxes by Spelsberg and Lumberg. Only our high quality frames are produced in India.

EMMVEE Photovoltaics GmbH is also cooperating with Del-ta Energy Systems and Power One, two of the world’s leading manufacturers of solar inverters. Our aim is not only to provide

the perfect module, but also to deliver a highly suitable inverter.

Owners of an EMMVEE solar system as well as installers can obtain a solar insur-ance certificate from our insurance partner. More details can be found on our website at: www.emmveephotovoltaics.com.

EMMVEE is completely transparent about its production and suppliers. All relevant information can be found on our web-site. Stringent incoming goods inspections of all raw materials as well as a comprehensive quality management system in pro-duction and stringent final inspections ensure a consistent high quality level. EMMVEE modules are certified to the standards of IEC61215 Ed. II and IEC61730 by TÜV Rheinland (German technical inspection agency). The annual TÜV inspections and approval of our production facilities are proof of our high qual-ity standard. All our TÜV certified modules meet European and international requirements. Selected modules also receive US certification according to the standards of the Underwriters Lab-oratories and certification according to IEC 61701(Resistance against Saltwater Mist Corrosion).

Our company has its European headquarters in Berlin, Ger-many, and production takes place in Bangalore, India. You will find additional contacts at our offices in Heppenheim, Ita-ly, France and the United Kingdom.

D.V. Manjunatha (left), founder of EMMVEE Solar Systems Pvt. Ltd.

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Today, we manufacture solar thermal systems and photo-voltaic modules at two locations. The production capacity is 135 MW. A new production line from 3S has been added in the beginning of 2011. Emmvee has the most modern produc-tion line in India.

The production takes places in a very clean and dust-free environment. All members of staff wear head and mouth cov-ers and special clothing to minimize dirt. The three production lines from 3S are absolutely high-tech from Switzerland. The offer precision at the same time as speed.

The Rapid Two soldering lines reach a capacity of 1.200 cells per hour. The machine’s soft touch soldering process guaran-tees that even extremely thin cells can be handled with lowest possible breakage rates. The sensitive cells get checked by the machines and are safely formed into strings.

The carefully selected cells from Bosch and Q-Cells are stored safely and in an ideal climate and then fed into the machinery. Here, a mostly automatised production takes place.

EMMVEE: State-of-the-art Production

EMMVEE produces high quality photovoltaic modules using the latest and best machinery. Skilled staff operate 3S and Somont machines assisted by robots and high-tech gadgets.Since its foundation, EMMVEE has grown into an international company with 650 employees.

The Rapid TWO by Somont with its two soldering lines has a capacity

up to 1.200 cells per hour.

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Impressions of the production in Bangalore: EMMVEE photovoltaic modules have to fulfil high quality requirements. Technical perfection, state- of-the-art machinery, and stringent quality control in a clean environment are the foundation of our module’s efficiency. All EMMVEE-Modules are man-ufasctured on 3S/Somont machinery.

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The manufacturing process: high-efficiency modules are manufactured in a make-shift environment and under top conditions.

These sensitive cells are safely formed into strings (up to 2000 mm). The strings are then connected and laminated. The soft touch soldering technique uses just enough energy required for a perfect soldering production process. After forming the cells into strings, a robotic arm takes the whole string and plac-es it evenly on a sheet. The foundation of a module in which all the cells are perfectly parallel.

A comprehensive quality management system that is present in every step of production and stringent final inspections en-sure consistent high quality levels. Although, automatic produc-tion produces premium results, our qualified specialist staff and engineers assume additional manual work to achieve optimum

production quality. Qualified and trained staff add craftsman-ship to the process, preparing the modules for the lamination. They do the work that has to be done by humans rather than machines in order to establish highest quality. After the lamina-tion process, the module is sorted and tested under standard test conditions with the Pasan flasher to match the high quali-ty standards associated with EMMVEE. Then, a laser engraves every module with an individual serial number making the mod-ule unique and unmistakable. Next, the module is enclosed by the frame which is an innovative and sturdy EMMVEE prod-uct to resist all wind and snow conditions. After a final mainte-nance and cleaning, the modules are carefully packaged and distributed around the world.

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Two of the new EMMVEE-jewels: Black Pearl and Diamond

ize EMMVEE’s producing process in order to optimizing pro-duction flow.

The new module types keep all basic technical features of the hitherto EMMVEE-modules: high quality components, sta-ble frame construction and efficiency increasing front glass. The new modules types will all have the same dimensions with 1660 x 990 x 50 mm, comprising 60-cells serially. Furthermore, all modules will be equipped with a 50 mm frame as well as a MCS-compatible plug. BLACK PEARL, DIAMOND, SAPPHIRE will be available with 4mm Albarino P as a standard.

BLACK PEARL is a real eye catcher: it is a completely black module with Bosch cells, similar to its predecessor. DIAMOND’s high quality components of renowned manufacturers as well as its pyramid structured front glass ensure first class performance, even in weak light conditions. DIAMOND modules are availa-ble with mono- or polycrystalline cells. SAPPHIRE and CRYSTAL are equipped with 60 polycrystalline cells made by Gintech as well as three busbars. The new module types will be presented to trade experts at Intersolar 2011 in Munich.

Teamwork

EMMVEE reduces things to the maximum. Instead of more than 10 different modules to choose from, there are now 4 modules with all the features, EMMVEE is renowned for: quality components and craftsmanship, highly reliable pieces of technology with simply more efficiency.Looking for different sizes, features or components? Just ask for a custom module. Everything is possible.

Innovation and flexibility for the markets needs are very im-portant to EMMVEE. This is the reason why we adapt our pro-duct portfolio to the specific needs of our customers: from Ber-lin to Fidenza, from Paris to Bangalore. The production and the modernization of our product portfolio comprises many years of experience in the field of solar energy, expertise from an inten-sive contact to our clients and the steady pursuit of perfection. Therefore, EMMVEE introduces a new system for their modules. Four modules and the option for customized modules will make it easier to choose what one really needs.

In the future, BLACK PEARL, DIAMOND, SAPPHIRE, CRYS-TAL will ennoble roofs and fields worldwide with clean energy and more efficiency. EMMVEE-clients will also have the possi-bility to get a custom-tailored module corresponding to individ-ual wishes and desires: the CUSTOM-module. The new module names incorporate all features of EMMVEE-modules: aesthetics, power, absolute reliability, best service and transparency. The implementation of the new module names will help clarify and facilitate the overview of EMMVEE’s product portfolio. Apart from that, the restructuration of product of range will standard-

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Image 1: Functioning of a crystalline solar cell

negative electrode

n-doped silicon

boundary layer

p-doped silicon

positive electrode

The Cell

The Production

The manufacturing process is fully automated. After an inten-sive quality control check regarding geometry, size, thickness and resistivity as well as for cracks and scratches, the wafers undergo a cleaning. The wafer is then treated and etched with an acid to create a special surface texture that improves the light absorption and accommodate all incident solar radiation to increase the energy yield. The silicon wafer is doped with boron, but a semiconductor homojunction is formed by diffus-ing phosphorus (an n-type dopant) into the top surface of the boron doped (p-type) Si wafer to make it capable of conduct-ing electricity. The edges are isolated with a chemical process for avoiding short-circuits in the p-n junction. The silicon disks are then provided with an anti-reflective coating of silicon ni-tride to reduce the amount of sunlight lost and increase yield. Although the coating can vary in thickness and colour, the blue variant possess the best optical characteristics: less light is re-flected back and more light is absorbed. The blue variant ap-pears darker when the coating is thinner. Screen-printed con-

EMMVEE modules are made of mono- or polycrystalline solar cells from the companies Bosch and Q-Cells (both from Germany). The cells consist of either mono- or polycrystalline silicon. The raw material used is silicon dioxide of ei-ther quartzite gravel or crushed quartz. Because the silicon is not pure in its natural state, it is refined and purified.

The Raw Material

To create monocrystalline silicon, high-purity silicon is melted. It is then allowed to solidify very slowly in contact with a single crystal “seed” dipped into the molten silicon. The seed crystal rotates and grows as it is withdrawn, forming a cylindri-cal ingot or “boule” of extremely pure silicon. From the boule, silicon wafers are sliced with a square or semi-square profile and a thickness of 0.16 to 0.20 mm. Polycrystalline sili-con involves a casting process. After the silicon has been melt-ed, it is directly cast into a mold and allowed to solidify into an ingot. The cooling rate determines the final size of crystals in the ingot and the distribution of impurities.

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tacts are applied to the front and rear of the cell, with the front contact pattern specially designed to allow maximum light expo-sure of the Si material with minimum electrical (resistive) losses in the cell. Back printing makes the “back surface field“ which is an optical and electrical mirror. In the firing process, the pas-sivation of the recombination areas within the cell takes place. The last step is checking and sorting the cells according to effi-ciency, optical quality and colour.

The Photovoltaic Effect

By doping the silicon with substances such as phosphorus and boron, (called “n-type” and “p-type”), entirely different electri-cal properties are introduced into the silicon creating semi-con-ductive material. In the middle is the pn-junction that produces the necessary internal electric field, the depletion region. When light hits the solar cell, the imbalance created between the pos-itive and negative poles enable the electrons to flow – produc-ing electricity. A single silicon solar cell produces an open-cir-cuit voltage of about 0.5volt.

Module Efficiency

Solar cells made from monocrystalline silicon can have an ef-ficiency of 16 to 18 %. Polycrystalline solar cells can have an efficiency that is about 1.5 to 2 % lesser than the monocrystal-line variants. The aesthetic design of a solar cell can be an im-portant factor: some prefer the uniform one-colour look of the monocrystalline cell; others prefer the polycrystalline surface with many variations of blue colour.

Image 2: Polycrystalline silicon solar cell manu-factured by Q-Cells (Source: Q-Cells)

Image 3: Monocrystalline silicon solar cell manufactured by Bosch (Source: Bosch)

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The Embedding Material

Between glass and back side, solar cells are embedded with specific materials. Two of the most common materials are ethyl-ene-vinyl-acetate (EVA) and polyvinyl-butiral (PVB). Thermoplas-tic polyurethane (TPU), ionomer, polyacrylic resin, Teflon and silicone is also used. All EMMVEE solar cells are preferentially wrapped in an encapsulation EVA foil type VISTASOLAR® by Solutia Solar. The solar cell is first placed between two layers of EVA foil. The front glass and back sheet are added and dur-ing the deairing process, laminated and sealed by use of heat up to 150 °C under vacuum. The EVA melts during this proc-ess enclosing the solar cell from all sides. The hardening takes place during the fast-cure process with a lamination time of only 12 to 15 minutes. The laminator recipe attains a very high de-gree of cross-linking is made in-house by EMMVEE engineers. The EVA embedding process stands out due to high transmis-sion, as well as resistance against heat and salt water enhanc-ing durability and lifetime. During process control, every batch is tested for its laminating quality through a delamination test as well as a laminating check.

The Back Sheet

The back-side of the module is usually a compound foil made of polymer and fluoropolymer films. EMMVEE modules are as-sembled with Tedlar®-PVF- and Kynar®-PVDF-foils manufactured by Krempel, which demonstrate excellent mechanical, electri-cal and chemical properties, durability, as well as resistance against moisture, weather conditions and UV radiation. Effec-tively, the foil is one of the reasons for a long service life of the PV module. Krempel’s goal is to provide back sheet laminates with outstanding durability of 25+ years.

The main component of the back sheet is the PET foil (poly-ester-core foil). Its function is to provide protection, resistance against moisture, and electrical insulation. The two fluoropol-ymer films (Tedlar® or Kynar®) laminated to both sides of the core film, are characterized by a high UV resistance and pro-tect the enclosed synthetic components against short wave UV radiation. This kind of radiation might quickly destroy synthet-ic material due to photochemical decomposition. The multiple-component adhesive used in the production of the laminate is manufactured solely by Krempel. The surface coating is also part of a special Krempel technology development to form a

The Embedding Foil

Solar cells are extremely delicate. Then again, they are mounted on a roof and exposed to harsh weather condi-tions. Nevertheless, they are expected to have extremely long life-spans of more than two and a half decades. As a result, all solar cells used for EMMVEE’s modules are protected with an embedding foil, or encapsulant, and sealed in an airtight laminate. A front glass specially developed for photovoltaic modules acts as an additional protector. A polyester film makes up the backing.

Image 1: Composition of the back sheet

fluorpolymer film

fluorpolymer film

adhesive

adhesive

PET core

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dependable and compatible bond between the back sheet and all embedding materials such as EVA, PVB and TPU. The entire manufacturing process as well as the final back sheet product is monitored continuously for quality checks. The different foils are produced with an uniform thickness ranging from 300 μm to 360 μm and a maximum system voltage of 1000 V. Anoth-er important factor is the peel strength of the foil, which indi-cates the amount of force that needs to be applied to peel off the foil from the EVA layer underneath. The EVA peel strength of more than 4 N/mm is the same for all foil types. Latest de-velopments show that it is important to consider the back sheet’s resistance against ammonia which is crucial for the application

of PV modules on roofs of buildings used for animal husbandry and farming with ammonia emission. The back sheet is avail-able in white, black and transparent colour. On request, blue and terracotta colours can be ordered to match blue or terra-cotta coloured solar cells. EMMVEE has been a customer of Krempel in Vaihingen since 2006. The KREMPEL-GROUP is a leading global system supplier established in the world of pro-gressive materials. The electrical insulations, composites, base materials and special laminates put this group of companies amongst the leaders world-wide. There are over 950 employ-ees in the production facilities operating in Germany, England, and Poland as well as China.

Image 2: Structure of a solar module

aluminium frameseal

front glassEVA sheet

back sheet

solar cellEVA sheet

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The solar cells of EMMVEE modules are covered with a hard-ened solar glass panel on the front. On the one hand, the front glass has to protect the module from environmental influences, including UV radiation. On the other hand, it should be as trans-parent as possible and designed in such a way that the mod-ules optimally capture the light of the low lying sun in these lat-itudes so that any radiation caught will not be released again, if possible. EMMVEE was the first manufacturer of front glass to use a special surface pattern.

Saint-Gobain Solar, a long-term partner of EMMVEE, is based in Mannheim and manufactures Securit® Albarino P and Securit® Albarino G glasses. The glass is deep extruded, extra white cast glass developed specially for photovoltaic modules. It has low iron oxide content, providing especially favourable absorption characteristics. Albarino P front glass has a pyramidal pattern with the edges and corners blended. Albarino G front glass has a wavy structure. Both surface patterns act as light traps. Part of the radiation is reflected in such a way that it again imping-es on the surface, i.e. part of the radiation which (with plain glass) is normally lost to the environment is reflected back onto the solar cell. This increases the radiation quantity incident on the cell and subsequently the energy yield.

Saint-Gobain Solar states an increase in energy yield thanks to energy transmission of three per cent annually compared with Saint-Gobain Solar‘s unpatterned glass. With an angle of inci-dence of 70 degrees to the normal line an increase in yield of as much as 10 % can be expected. A study conducted by ISFH Institut für Solarenergieforschung Hameln (Institute for Solar En-ergy Research Hameln/Emmerthal, Germany) shows that with patterned front glass an increase in yield of four per cent can be expected as an annual average. Accordingly, the efficien-cy gain of photovoltaic modules with specially patterned front glass over conventional plain front glass is highest in the morn-ing and evening hours.

The Glass

The distinctive feature of EMMVEE modules is the use of Albarino P and G front glass by Saint-Gobain Solar. The optimised surface pattern of the glass allows an increased light input into the module, resulting in an increase in yield of at least 3 % per year.

Image 1: Pyramidal and wavy structure of Securit® Albarino P and G for PV modules (Source: Saint-Gobain Solar)

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Cleaning

The edges and corners of the pattern are blended so that dirt and dust particles do not deposit but are flushed away by rain. On the Albarino P glass the dirt particles gather in one place – the lowest point in the pyramidal depression – and the ma-jor part of the surface remains free from contaminants. The op-tical properties are unchanged; however, the angle of installa-tion should not be less than 10 degrees.

The accumulation of dirt particles is more easily discharged by wind or rain than e.g. a large number of small particles on plain glass. This is because the flow velocity of rain water is higher around the blended pyramidal edges, similar to a lump of rock in a riverbed in which case the water flows around the sides more quickly. Modules with Albarino P and G glass re-quire very little maintenance.

Production

Cast glass can be produced with a small energy input, i.e. at a low cost. Special rolls impart their pattern into the molten glass which flows from the melting end. As the rolls are cooled, the glass solidifies when passing the rolls and the glass surface retains the structure. A precisely adjusted online detector sys-tem recognizes nickel sulphide inclusions from the production process even in patterned glass. This is important as such in-clusions may result in glass fracture. The glass is then cut, the edges machined and the glass hardened.

Image 2: Illustration of the light trap effect

Solar Cell

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The back sheet has a small opening for the electrical connec-tion cables to stick out. The junction box is then attached to that spot consisting of four clamps for the connection of the strings, three bypass diodes and two clamps for the module connec-tion cable. The bonding of the strings and connection cable is done with a screwless clamp technique. The junction box is ap-plied on the back sheet of the solar module with silicon glue or double-sided adhesive.

The Casing

The junction box has a waterproof and dustproof casing made of polycarbonate (Spelsberg) or polyphenyle ether (Lum-berg). This material is durable, impact resistant, and rigid. The casing is resistant to weather and radiation and is also a good isolator against electrical current. The junction box is compli-ant with IP 65 standards of IEC 60529 and safety class II. The junction box cannot be opened or modified for safety purpos-es. The temperature range varies from -40 °C to +85 °C (IEC 61215). For pressure compensation every casing has sintered metal plates.

The Junction Box

Photovoltaic-Modules have a junction box at the back side. Their purpose is to transport all produced electricity to the inverter. Since photovoltaic modules are mounted outside and exposed to various weather conditions, it is impor-tant to have a high quality durable product. All EMMVEE modules have a junction box by Spelsberg or Lumberg.

Image 1: The junction box LC4-JC made by Lumberg (Source: Lumberg)

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The Diodes

Obstructions such as trees, buildings, antennas, soiling (such as leaves) and bird droppings that become the source of minute and partial shading of the modules will cause a noticeable de-crease in system output. In order to prevent damage on shad-ed cells and reduce further output loss of non-shaded cells, the bypass diodes are installed in parallel with modules to allow current to pass around a shaded area of a module.

The junction box of EMMVEE modules includes three bypass diodes with each individual diode protecting 16 to 24 cells. Schottky diodes are used as bypass diodes. When a module be-comes shaded its bypass diode becomes “forward biased” gen-erating heat. To prevent overheating the diodes have a space between them to allow for heat dissipation. The diodes can be exchanged and replaced, even though they are extremely du-rable. The most common reason for a diode to fail is overvolt-age due to installation errors or lightning strikes.

The Cables and Plugs

All EMMVEE modules are equipped with connection cables as well as polarized and scoop proof plugs for easy installa-tion. The cable cross section is 4 mm2 and the cable is 92 cm long. The conductor is made of fine-wired tinned copper and the insulation of halogen-free polyolefins. The plug in connec-tors are MC4 and LC4.

Quality Assurance

The junction boxes by Spelsberg and Lumberg are certified according to TÜV and UL standards to fulfil all quality require-ments. Quality testing includes fire-, dust-, weather-, and wa-terproofing. Every diode is subject to a complete fully-automat-ic inspection to check for diode performance and functioning, clamping of the cable, torque of the cable screws and the pres-sure compensation elements. Every junction box has a unique serial and production number.

Image 2: The junction box PV 1410-2 made by Spelsberg(Source: Spelsberg)

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EMMVEE manufactures monocrystalline and polycrystalline high-performance modules in the performance range between 180 Wp and 300 Wp. All EMMVEE components are subject to a continuous process of optimisation and very stringent qual-ity checks in order to ensure a high level of quality. EMMVEE uses only first-class components, which are all acquired from renowned manufacturers, predominantly from Germany. The poly- and monocrystalline solar cells of German manufactur-ers Bosch and Q-Cells have a 3-bus-bar technology for higher output. The soldering process is fully-automatic on state-of-the-art technology and machines from 3S/Somont. The EVA foils made by Solutia Solar and the back sheets made by Krempel are long-lasting and durable. EMMVEE modules are protect-ed with a solid 50mm anodized aluminum frame and a 4mm thick front glass with a special surface pattern made by Saint-Gobain Solar Glass. The front glass is extremely transparent and designed in such a way that the modules optimally capture the light of the sun. EMMVEE offers 3 different types of glass: plain glass Albarino S as well as Albarino P (pyramidal pattern) and Albarino G (wave-shaped pattern) which increase the ra-diation quantity incident on the cell and subsequently the ener-gy yield. The junction boxes made by Spelsberg and Lumberg have 3 bypass diodes with a high current carrying capability and temperature regulation.

The solar cables and connector plugs made by Multi-Contact and Lumberg are durable, resistant to high temperatures and harsh weather conditions.

The modules are certified according to the standards IEC 61215 Ed. 2 and IEC 61730, and stand out due to their great quality, high yield, long life and attractive designs. The meas-urement tolerance of the modules in relation to nominal perform-ance under standard test conditions is ± 3 percent. The mod-ules have a performance tolerance of ± 2.5 Wp, for example from 242.5 to 247.5 Wp in the 245 Wp performance class.

EMMVEE modules are designed for a maximum system voltage of 1000 V DC and an operating temperature range from -40 °C to +90 °C. The maximum surface load capacity is at 550 kg/m2. The modules have passed the hail impact test with ice balls in diameter of 24 mm and impact speed of 83 km/h.

EMMVEE manufactures high-quality OEM solar modules for its customers (OEM=Original Equipment Manufacturer). This provides several advantages to the customer. They may deter-mine the performance class of the modules, the cell size and the cell material. Our in-house glass manufacturing division EM-MVEE TUF TM - Toughened Glass - also offers the option of se-lecting different dimensions and front glasses for the solar mod-ule, which means creating a real unicum.

The high flexibility of our production processes allows for de-livery optimisation based on demands.

To guarantee the high quality and long life cycle of OEM products, EMMVEE uses only first-class components, which are purchased predominantly from German manufacturers. Our sup-pliers are leading companies in their sectors and have many years of experience in photovoltaics.

All EMMVEE products are subject to a continuous process of optimisation and very stringent quality checks in order to en-sure this high level of quality in the future as well.

Until now, EMMVEE’s product range comprised 10 different photovoltaic modules. With the Intersolar 2011 EMMVEE intro-duces a new system of 4 module types (Black Pearl, Diamond, Sapphire und Crystal) as well as a tailor-made module corre-sponding to the customer’s needs (Custom). Please find further information about some of our modules on the following pag-es. Datasheets and technical information can be found on our website at www.emmveephotovoltaics.com

The Modules

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Diamond· 60 monocrystalline solar cells with 3 bus-

bars made by Bosch· Performance classes from 240 to 250 Wp· Efficiency of up to 15,2 %· Front glass 4 mm Albarino P· Frame 50 mm

Diamond· 60 polycrystalline solar cells with 3 bus-

bars made by Q-Cells· Performance classes from 230 to 240 Wp· Efficiency of up to 14,6 %· Front glass 4 mm Albarino P· Frame 50 mm

Crystal· 60 polycrystalline solar cells with 3 bus-

bars made by Gintech· Performance classes from 230 to 240 Wp· Efficiency of up to 14,6 %· Front glass 3,2 mm flat glass· Frame 50 mm

Custom· 48, 60 or 72 poly- or monocrystalline so-

lar cells, different dimensions· Front glass 3,2 mm or 4 mm flat glass,

Albarino P or Albarino G· Frame 50 mm in silver or black and frame-

less modules · Back Sheet in white, black or transparent

color

Sapphire· 60 polycrystalline solar cells with 3 bus-

bars made by Gintech· Performance classes from 230 to 240 Wp· Efficiency of up to 14,6 %· Front glass 4 mm Albarino P · Frame 50 mm

Black Pearl· 60 monocrystalline solar cells with 3 bus-

bars made by Bosch· Performance classes from 240 to 250 Wp· Efficiency of up to 15,2 %· Front glass 4 mm Albarino P · Black frame 50 mm

New module categories

Rated Power at STC 1

Module Efficiency at STC 3

Cell EfficiencySTC Open-Circuit Voltage UocShort-Circuit Current IscRated Voltage UmppRated Current Impp

Rated Power PmaxOpen-Circuit Voltage Uoc Short-Circuit Current IscRated Voltage UmppRated Current Impp

Temperature Coefficient Open-Circuit VoltageTemperature Coefficient Short-Circuit CurrentTemperature Coefficient Rated Power NOCT (Normal Operating Cell Temperature)

Cell TypeCell SizeCell ManufacturerDimensions: Length x WidthFrame ThicknessWeightFront GlassEmbeddingBack Sheet

Junction Box Cables and Plugs

Operating Temperature RangeMax. System VoltageMax. Reverse CurrentMaximum Surface Load CapacityResistance Against HailProtection Class

Product WarrantyPerformance Warranty

Certification

1 The measurement tolerance of the nominal yield is ± 3 %. The modules delivered are sorted in a range of ± 2.5 Wp.2 Available in limited amounts upon request.3 At low irradiation (200 W/m², 25° at AM 1,5), minimum efficiency at STC is 97 %.Subject to errors and technical modifications within the scope of product improvement.For more details, see Installation Manual.

Electrical Data at 1000 W/m2, 25°C and AM 1,5 (STC in accordance with EN 60904-3)

Electrical Data at 800 W/m2, NOCT, 1m/s wind speed and AM 1,5

Thermal Data

Mechanical Data

Permissible operating conditions

Warranty and Certificates

180 Wp 185 Wp 190 Wp 195 Wp2

13,6 % 13,9 % 14,3 % 14,7 % 16,1 % 16,4 % 16,7 % 17,0 % 28,99 V 29,26 V 29,49 V 29,78 V 8,01 A 8,15 A 8,31 A 8,44 A 23,38 V 23,60 V 23,78 V 24,02 V 7,70 A 7,84 A 7,99 A 8,12 A

145,8 W 149,9 W 153,9 W 158,0 W 28,72 V 28,99 V 29,21 V 29,50 V 6,43 A 6,55 A 6,68 A 6,78 A 23,46 V 23,68 V 23,86 V 24,11 V 6,22 A 6,33 A 6,45 A 6,56 A

- 0,36 % / K+ 0,06 % / K- 0,43 % / K47 °C ± 2K

48 polycrystalline, 3 Bus-Bar156 mm x 156 mmQ- Cells, Germany1340 mm x 991 mm50 mm anodized aluminum20 kg4 mm Albarino GEVA (Solutia Solar)TPT Tedlar®/ Polyester /Tedlar® (Krempel)KPK Kynar®/ Polyester /Kynar® (Krempel)Spelsberg/Lumberg with 3 bypass diodesMC4/LC4

- 40 °C bis 90 °C1000 V DC15 A5400 Pa bzw. 550 kg /m2

Maximum diameter of 24 mm with impact speed of 83 km/hII

10 years90 % up to 10 years80 % up to 25 yearsIEC 61215 Ed. 2 & IEC 61730 TÜV Rheinland; MCS-accredited; ISO 9001 & ISO 14001

ES-190 P48 Q

220 Wp 225 Wp 230 Wp 235 Wp 240 Wp2

13,0 % 13,3 % 13,6 % 13,9 % 14,2 % 15,8 % 16,1 % 16,4 % 16,7 % 17,0 % 35,93 V 36,31 V 36,60 V 36,92 V 37,23 V 8,08 A 8,18 A 8,30 A 8,40 A 8,51 A 28,99 V 29,30 V 29,53 V 29,79 V 30,04 V 7,59 A 7,68 A 7,79 A 7,89 A 7,99 A

178,2 W 182,3 W 186,3 W 190,4 W 194,4 W 35,59V 35,97 V 36,25 V 36,57 V 36,88 V 6,49 A 6,57 A 6,66 A 6,75 A 6,84 A 29,09 V 29,40 V 29,63 V 29,90 V 30,15 V 6,13 A 6,20 A 6,29 A 6,37 A 6,45 A

- 0,36 %/K+ 0,06 %/K- 0,43 %/K47 °C ± 2K

60 polycrystalline, 3 Bus-Bar156 mm x 156 mmQ-Cells, Germany1691 mm x 1002 mm50 mm anodized aluminum23,5 kg4 mm Albarino PEVA (Solutia Solar)TPT Tedlar®/Polyester/Tedlar® (Krempel)KPK Kynar®/Polyester/Kynar® (Krempel)Spelsberg/Lumberg with 3 bypass diodesMC4/LC4

- 40 °C bis 90 °C1000 V DC15 A5400 Pa bzw. 550 kg/m2


10 years90 % up to 10 years80 % up to 25 yearsIEC 61215 Ed. 2 & IEC 61730 TÜV Rheinland; IEC 61701; UL 1703; MCS-accredited; ISO 9001 & ISO 14001

ES-230 P60 Q




Leistung PmaxLeerlaufspannung Uoc Kurzschlussstrom IscNennspannung UmppNennstrom Impp






Certification




Thermal Data

Mechanical Data



195 Wp 200 Wp 205 Wp 210 Wp2



- 0,36 %/K+ 0,02 %/K- 0,47 %/K48 °C ± 2K

48 monocrystalline, pseudo-square, 3 Bus-Bar156 mm x 156 mmBosch, Germany1340 mm x 991 mm50 mm anodized aluminum20,0 kg4 mm Albarino GEVA (Solutia Solar)TPT Tedlar®/Polyester/Tedlar® (Krempel)KPK Kynar®/Polyester/Kynar® (Krempel)Spelsberg/Lumberg with 3 bypass diodesMC4/LC4




ES-190 M48 B Black Pearl

240 Wp 245 Wp 250 Wp 255 Wp2



- 0,36 %/K+ 0,02 %/K- 0,47 %/K48 °C ± 2K

60 monocrystalline, pseudo-square, 3 Bus-Bar156 mm x 156 mmBosch, Germany1691 mm x 1002 mm50 mmanodized aluminum23,5 kg4 mm Albarino PEVA (Solutia Solar)TPT Tedlar®/ Polyester /Tedlar® (Krempel)KPK Kynar®/ Polyester /Kynar® (Krempel)Spelsberg/Lumberg with 3 bypass diodesMC4/LC4




ES-230 M60 B Black Pearl




Rated Power PmaxOpen-Circuit Voltage Uoc Short-Circuit Current IscRated Voltage UmppRated Current Impp






Certification




Thermal Data

Mechanical Data



195 Wp 200 Wp 205 Wp 210 Wp2



- 0,36 %/K+ 0,02 %/K- 0,47 %/K48 °C ± 2K

48 monocrystalline, pseudo-square, 3 Bus-Bar156 mm x 156 mmBosch, Germany1340 mm x 991 mm50 mm anodized aluminum20,0 kg4 mm Albarino GEVA (Solutia Solar)TPT Tedlar®/Polyester/Tedlar® (Krempel)KPK Kynar®/Polyester/Kynar® (Krempel)Spelsberg/Lumberg with 3 bypass diodesMC4/LC4




ES-190 M48 B

240 Wp 245 Wp 250 Wp 255 Wp2



- 0,36 %/K+ 0,02 %/K- 0,47 %/K48 °C ± 2K

60 monocrystalline, pseudo-square, 3 Bus-Bar156 mm x 156 mmBosch, Germany1691 mm x 1002 mm50 mm anodized aluminum23,50 kg4 mm Albarino PEVA (Solutia Solar)TPT Tedlar®/ Polyester /Tedlar® (Krempel)KPK Kynar®/ Polyester /Kynar® (Krempel)Spelsberg/Lumberg with 3 bypass diodesMC4/LC4




ES-230 M60 B

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Testing

Saint-Gobain, a manufacturer of front glass for photovoltaic applications from Mannheim, has been conducting a series of tests under outdoor conditions at sites in Germany and Spain since 2006. In order to compare yield and degree of dust accu-mulation for the different front glasses, Saint-Gobain has been using modules with structured surface glass as well as modules with standard flat non-textured glass. The study revealed an in-crease in yield of 5 % as annual average for both locations. A typical probe at the location Herzogenrath/Germany showed an increase in yield over the entire course of the day for the modules with structured front glass compared to the module with flat non-textured glass. The efficiency gain is highest in the morning and evening hours. As a result, photovoltaic modules with structured front glass are especially favourable for loca-tions with low angles of incidence, e.g. building integrated in-stallations (BIPV) or systems with East-West orientation.

Comparison of dirt accumulation for modules with structured front glass (left) vs. flat glass (right) under dustyconditions in Almunia/Spain after nine months without rain (Source: Saint-Gobain)

A typical probe during a day at the location Herzogenrath/Germany (Source: Saint-Gobain)

Higher Flow Velocity

The modules with structured surface glass do not have a higher dust accumulation than modules with flat non-textured glass. The edges and corners of the patterned glass are blend-ed so that dirt and dust particles do not deposit, but are flushed away by rain due to the flow velocity of rain water being high-er around the blended edges.

Low Level of Contamination

The structured front glass also prevents dirt particles and any other objects, such as wet leaves from sticking onto the surface. The test site in Almunia, Spain is a very dry region lacking reg-ular rainfall. But even under such conditions, no higher dust ac-cumulation was recorded.

The modules with structured surface glass do not show any dust accumulation or decrease in yield compared to modules with flat non-textured glass. The higher flow velocity of (rain)-water and the fact that dirt particles do not stick to the glass make EMMVEE photovoltaic modules more efficient than stand-ard modules.

Cleaning

The optimized surface pattern of Albarino P and G front glass allows an increased light input into the module, pro-ducing an increase in yield. Various scientific studies have proven these results. Now the question is: Does the struc-tured glass show more dirt accumulation and soiling than flat glass?

textured glass(non-textured cell)

textured glass(acid textured cell)

gain

in s

hort-

circ

uit c

urre

nt Is

c (%

)

time

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In co-operation with the University of Albstadt-Sigmaringen, EMMVEE has put its modules through a long-term test to meas-ure performance and output. Nine EMMVEE modules (three with flat glass, one with pyramidal structured glass, one with wavy structured glass) are analyzed alongside 53 modules from oth-er manufacturers to compare their electrical data under various outdoor weather conditions. The results can be found at the Uni-versity’s Photovoltaic-Website: http://141.87.12.119/photovol. A test report including the yield overview for 2010 is available from EMMVEE Photovoltaics.

The Institute for Solar Energy Research Hameln GmbH (ISFH) has examined the change in efficiency and yield as a function of the angle of insolation when using structured front glass in-stead of conventional non-textured plain glass.

EMMVEE were the first users of Saint-Gobain Solar’s Albari-no innovative front glass with a special surface pattern. The Al-barino P and G glass consists of deeply textured, extra white cast glass and have been specially developed for photovoltaic modules by Saint-Gobain Glass (SGG) in Mannheim.

For the purpose of the study by ISFH, mini modules compris-ing nine solar cells were built using glass with wavy or pyram-idal structure as well as corresponding reference modules us-ing non-textured front glass.

The tests were conducted using different intensities of insola-tion (1000 W, 400 W, 150 W) with the panels inclined at an-gles of 0°, 20°, 40°, 60° and 80° to determine their change in efficiency compared to the reference module with non-textured front glass. With the angle of incidence increasing, a larger in-crease of efficiency was recorded on the modules with structured surface glass compared to those with non-textured plain glass, independently of the intensity of insolation. The largest increase was found with an angle of incidence of 80° (Image 1).

Based on the measurements collected and using standard weather data, the electrical energy generated by the modules over one entire year was calculated for the site of Passau. The study showed an increase in yield of 5.4 % ± 0.5 % as an an-nual average for the wavy front glass, and an increase in yield of 4.1 % ± 0.5 % as an annual average for the pyramidal front glass1. The chart in Image 2 illustrates the interrelationship be-tween the increase in yield and the angle of installation of the module. The reference module with plain glass showed the max-imum yield of 100 % at an inclination angle of 30°. The study also revealed the following: at an inclination angle of only 10°, EMMVEE modules are close to producing 100 % output. At an inclination angle of 30°, EMMVEE modules reach their maxi-mum yield and produce more than 100 %2.

The theory was then put into practice. EMMVEE modules with Albarino P- and G-glass were installed at multiple sites through-out Europe, and the practical results not only confirmed but also exceeded the test results. Hence, EMMVEE modules have prov-en to hold their ground. The front glasses Albarino P and G are high-grade innovative products that demonstrate increased en-ergy transmission due to minimal absorption in the glass com-pared to non-textured plain glass. Photovoltaic modules with structured front glass are especially favourable for locations with low angles of incidence, e.g. systems with East-West orienta-tion or building integrated installations (BIPV). Another feature of the Albarino P and G glass is its low level of contamination. The rounded structures result in a higher flow speed of rainwa-ter: Dirt and dust particles are flushed directly off the glass and cannot deposit in the patterns. The ISFH is a non-profit organi-zation and ‘associated institute’ of the Leibniz University Han-nover. The institute is offering scientific services to the indus-try and other research institutions in the fields of solar thermal and photovoltaics.

Long-Term Tests for EMMVEE Modules

EMMVEE leaves nothing to chance. To ensure highest possible output and a profitable solar power plant, our mod-ules are not only subject to our own quality and performance inspections, but also undergo tests of independent re-nowned institutions.

1 Inclined at an optimum angle of 30° from the horizontal line and facing directly south. The additional yield refers to the plain glass refer-ence module. Please note that the test results are for anisotropic glass. This implies that the additional yield also depends on the azimuth of the sun so that a slightly deviating yield increase can be observed.

2 The study is available from EMMVEE Photovoltaics GmbH upon request.

25

Image 1: Efficiency increase – wavy glass (Source: ISFH study)

Image 2: Comparison of energy yields for various front glass types, depending on the angle of incidence (Source: ISFH study)

8

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

0

110

100

90

80

70

60

50

40

20

*10

Angle between module and horizontal line (°)

Angle between module and horizontal line (°)

Module yield relatively to the yield of the reference glass module at optimum angle and south facing direction

Mean values

1000 W/m2

Albarino P

400 W/m2

Albarino G

150 W/m2

Reference

Incr

ease

rel

ativ

e to

ref

eren

ce (

%)

Yie

ld r

elativ

e to

ref

eren

ce o

ptim

um (

%)

40 60 80 1000

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90

26

One of the most important Technical Inspection Associations is the Technische Überwachungsverein (TÜV). Die TÜV Rhein-land Group is a leading provider of technical services world-wide. Founded in 1872 and headquartered in Cologne, the group employs more than 13,800 people in 490 locations in 61 countries. All EMMVEE products are TÜV Rheinland tested and certified.

Certification Standards for Photovoltaic-Modules

Crystalline silicon terrestrial photovoltaic (PV) modules are tested for design qualification and type approval according to standards IEC 61215, currently the most important certif-icate. Thin-film terrestrial photovoltaic (PV) modules are cer-tified according to IEC 61646 for design qualification and type approval. The standards are a combination of meas-urements and tests for withstanding manifold environmental stresses. They determine the type of testing site and labora-tory, the testing procedure and the test criteria to receive the TÜV certificate.

The object of the test sequence IEC61215 is to determine the electrical and thermal characteristics of the module, and to show that the module is capable of withstanding prolonged ex-posure under harsh climate conditions. There are three groups of stress testing: UV, outdoor and mechanical. UV-test and out-door measuring determines the negative impact of sunlight while the mechanical tests measure the impact of hail, snow and wind loads. Environmental chambers simulate extreme weather con-ditions. First, the module has to resist 1000 hours of humidity-heat-tests at 85 degree Celsius and 85 % humidity. Then, un-der the humidity-frost-test the module has to endure ten sudden drops in temperature ranging from +85 degree Celsius to -40 degree Celsius at a humidity level of 85 %.

The module will qualify and receive the certificate according to IEC 61215 if it has passed all tests and did not display any visual damages or a decrease in performance levels and iso-lation characteristics. The TÜV test mark is not only the sign of quality for crystalline PV-modules, but also the basis for finan-cial funding or feed-in-tariffs in many countries.

Less known but equally important is the standard IEC 61730, which stands for photovoltaic module safety qualification – Part 1: Requirements for construction and Part 2: Requirements for testing. The IEC 61730 describes the requirements for photo-voltaic (PV) modules in order to provide safe electrical and me-chanical operation during their expected lifetime. Specific top-ics are provided to assess the prevention of electrical shock, fire hazards, and personal injury due to mechanical and envi-ronmental stresses.

A market entry in the United States of America requires a PV module to be certified by the Underwriters Laboratories (UL). The Underwriters Laboratories were established in 1894 as the trusted resource for product safety certification and compliance solutions in the USA. Their headquarters are in Northbrook, Il-linois. UL evaluates not just the product, but also whether the manufacturing process complies with the relevant standard. The standard similar to the IEC mark is UL 1703.

A market entry in the United Kingdom requires MCS accred-itation (Microgeneration Certification Scheme). The independ-ent scheme certifies microgeneration products and installers in accordance with consistent standards through institutions such as British Board of Agrément on the basis of the IEC stand-ards, as well as inspection of production facilities and manu-facturing process.

Quality Management

Module manufacturers usually provide a 25-year performance warranty. Photovoltaic modules as well as its com-ponents are subject to multiple tests in order to ensure stability and long-life performance.

Official TÜV-certification mark for EMMVEE-modules ES-190 P48 and ES-230 P60

Official MCS accreditation markfor photovoltaic modules

Official UL-certification markfor photovoltaic modules

27

EMMVEE’s Quality Control

The components used for the manufacturing of EMMVEE mod-ules are mainly supplied by German manufacturers and fulfil highest quality requirements. The cell manufacturer Q-Cells is TÜV certified according to DIN EN ISO 9001 and DIN EN ISO 14001. Front glasses Albarino P and G made by Saint-Gobain according to DIN EN 572-5 Certification. The junction boxes made by Spelsberg and Lumberg as well as the cables and plugs come with a TÜV and UL certificate. The company Krem-pel guarantees a long-life performance and high product qual-ity for its back sheet according with standard ISO/TS 16949. In addition, the company Bruker-Spaleck guarantees its cell- and string connectors are certified according to ISO/TS 16949.

Incoming Goods Control

Stringent incoming goods inspections of all raw materials used ensure that all components fulfil EMMVEE’s quality re-quirements. First, the raw materials are registered using a de-tailed technical documentation process and then stored in ac-cordance with the manufacturers’ storage and handling guides. EMMVEE does not use materials which do not fulfil its quality standards or which have exceeded their lifespan.

Visual Check, Performance testing under standard test conditions,electrical isolation test

ElectricalParameter UV-Stress Test Temperature Change

Test (200 cycles)Humidity-Heat-

Test (1000 hours)

Outdoorlong-term Test

Temperature ChangeTest (50 cycles)

HailTest

MechanicalTest

Hot-SpotLong-Term Test

Humidity-Frost Test (10 cycles)

Mechanical Resistanceof connectors

Overview of the testing procedures for the certification of moduleaccording to IEC 61215 Ed. 2(Source: TÜV Rheinland)

28

Mechanical load test for photovoltaic modules at the testing laboratory TÜV Rheinland in Cologne (Source: TÜV Rheinland)

Methods of Production Quality Management

In order to ensure highest production quality, we take a close look at the following production process parameters:

•Thesolderingtemperatureofthecellconnectorsisconstantwith a maximum deviation of ± 1 degree Celsius.

•Camera-detectorsystemsareabletolocateeventhesmallestfractures and damages, as well as misalignment of busbars.

•Everybatchisexaminedforthequalityofitslaminateusingdelamination trials and laminate control checks.

•Thetightnessofthesolderingjointsbetweenthecellandcellconnector is inspected 5 times a day and checked after every change in production process parameters using pull tests.

•Toensureaccurateperformancemeasuringunderstandardtest conditions (flasher-test) we use calibrated and TÜV certi-fied reference modules.

•Everymodulereceivesitsuniqueserialnumberwhichisim-printed into the aluminum frame with a laser.

Final Inspections

Before a module is cleaned and packaged, it undergoes a final inspection. A visual inspection looks at serial number and product label, examines the module surface for possible bub-bles, bumps, finger prints or other contamination, and checks all clamps and cables inside the junction box. The final electri-cal inspection includes testing for high-voltage grounding, per-formance measuring under standard test conditions (flasher-test) and the determination of the dark I-V curve.

Product- and Performance Warranty

Our products come with a 10-year warranty. Moreover, we warrant a yield of 90 percent of the minimum output power identified within the first 10 years and of 80 percent within the first 25 years from commissioning.

29

Pull test for the cell- and string connectors during quality control at EMMVEE production facilities in Bangalore, India

Module breakage test at the testing laboratory TÜV Rheinland in Cologne (Source: TÜV Rheinland)

PASAN-flash generator-sun simulator of performance class A for measuring the output under standard test conditions at EMMVEE production facilities in Bangalore, India

EMMVEE-Qualitätszertifikate· Module certification according to IEC 61215 Ed. 2 and IEC 61730

(Safety Certification) by TÜV Rheinland· Module certification according to UL 1703· MCS and CEC accreditation· Quality Management System according to ISO 9001:2000· Environmental Management System according to ISO 14001:2004

30

Site Selection

Photovoltaic modules can be roof mounted on a flat or slop-ing roof or ground mounted free-standing. Please ensure that the roof construction is suitable for a PV system installation. Avoid obstructions such as trees, buildings and antennas or soiling such as leaves and bird droppings because even small and par-tial shading of the modules will cause reduced system output. The module should be facing true south in northern latitudes and true north in southern latitudes for best power production. The ideal inclination for Central Europe is at 30 degrees. The ideal inclination is steeper for installations in Northern Europe and flatter for installations in Southern Europe. The minimum in-clination should be 15 degrees to result in a higher flow speed of rainwater and flush off dirt and dust particles.

Mechanical Installation

Modules can be mounted in either a horizontal or vertical orientation. When installing vertically, the module clamp of the junction box has to point downward. The support module mount-ing structure, clamps, nuts and bolts must comply with all custom-ary norms. EMMVEE recommends leaving a space of 20 mm between two modules considering linear thermal expansion of the module frames. Provide adequate ventilation under a mod-ule for cooling (100 mm minimum air space between module and mounting surface) and to allow any condensation or mois-ture to dissipate. The roof installation of solar modules may af-fect the fireproofing of the house construction. Please leave a space between the modules of 150 mm every 3 to 5 meters to allow access of fire fighting personnel in the event of a building fire. It is also possible to install the fireman’s switch in the imme-diate vicinity of the PV module in the DC current line. EMMVEE solar modules can be mounted on the rails using pre-drilled mounting holes which are located at the back of the module frame or using module clamps. You will find further information for mounting and installation in our manual. Site-specific loads such as wind and snow need to be taken into consideration to ensure that this weight loading is not exceeded.

Electrical Installation

Several modules can be connected in series or in parallel to form a PV array with a specific current and voltage. Your invert-er will determine if modules are connected in series or parallel. If modules are connected in series, the total voltage is equal to the sum of individual voltages. If modules are connected paral-lel, the total current is equal to the sum of individual currents. To connect the maximum amount of modules in series, make sure that the open circuit voltage multiplied by the number of modules in series is not higher than the maximum system voltage at the lowest temperature. If the modules are to be connected together in series they should have the same amperage. If they are to be connected in parallel they should have the same voltage. EM-MVEE modules delivered are sorted in a range of ± 2.5 Wp, e.g. 242.5 to 247.5 Wp in the performance class 245 Wp. Solar modules connected in series which do not have identical properties or which experience different conditions from one another will cause mismatch losses. It will lower the output of the entire PV module down to 1 %. To reduce mismatch losses to ca. 0.2 % it is crucial to sort all modules according to similar MPP amperage using the results from the flash test.

Maintenance and Cleaning

Solar modules, unlike all other power plants, require little maintenance. They do not shift and the user does not need to refill or replace anything. But they have to be monitored and inspected for performance, damages and cleaning. The invert-er’s functioning should be checked on a daily basis to guaran-tee flawless performance. We deem it advisable to record the PV systems’ output in a log. In view of the tilt angle of the PV modules (>15°), normal rainfall is sufficient to keep the module glass surface clean. Snow will also usually slide of the module. Cleaning of the surface is recommended once at the end of the winter season. Do not use high pressure water spray or chem-icals to clean the module. Under no circumstances should dirt be scraped or rubbed off the modules, as this can cause micro scratches on the surface of the modules and reduce the trans-

Tips and Tricks for Mounting and Maintenance

Attention: This section provides an overview of the various applications for EMMVEE modules. Working on a PV sys-tem requires specialized knowledge and should only be attempted by qualified professionals. An up-to-date version of this installation manual can also be found at: http://www.emmveephotovoltaics.com. Failure to follow these in-structions may result in bodily injury or damage to property.

31

parency of the module glass. In order to ensure proper opera-tion, please check all wiring connections, condition of the insu-lation and mechanical connections once every year and report any problems immediately. All cleaning and maintenance op-erations are to be done by a trained person only.

General Dangers and Safety Advice

Please pay close attention to the characteristics of the pho-tovoltaic system:

•PVmodulesgenerateDCelectricalenergywhenexposedtosunlight or other light sources and cannot be turned off.

•Photovoltaic-systemsgeneratedirect-currentelectricalener-gy with high voltage. When disconnecting wires connect-ed to a photovoltaic module that is exposed to sunlight, e.g. clamps, plugs or when measuring electric currents with an ampere meter, a potentially lethal electrical arc can occur which will not self extinguish. Danger of death from electric shock through risk of arcing when in contact with electrical-ly active parts of the module. Please read the instructions in our manual carefully.

Quality Advice

Only use solar modules that are certified through TÜV, VDE or UL to guarantee the solar system will last for 20 years. It is crucial to process components of high quality from renowned manufacturers. Every module is invariably as strong as its weak-est component. EMMVEE always uses brand-name components from prominent manufacturers. Always seek professional advice and leave it up to an expert to install a solar system.

Wrong: Performance loss due to shading in the morning hours and contamination of bird droppings.

32

Service and Warranty

EMMVEE is always available to its customers. Should you have any technical problems, questions, remarks, suggestions or criticism – we are here to listen and to assist. Our products come with a 10-year warranty. Moreover, we warrant a yield of 90 percent of the minimum output power identified within the first 10 years and of 80 percent within the first 25 years from commissioning.

EMMVEE-Training Events

EMMVEE offers product training courses for customers in charge of sales and installation. We provide all relevant infor-mation about our modules: the design of the module, compo-nents, quality features, mounting tips. We will adjust the topics of discussion and training according to the needs of the partic-ipants. The product training course will be held by our Techni-cal Product Manager Dipl.-Ing. Ole Hemke.

In addition, our Manager for Marketing & Communications, Frank Hilgenfeld, offers seminars regarding press work, public relations and marketing. Learn how you can reach your target audience through integrated communication. From press releas-es to effective advertisement, we provide education and practi-cal training relating to all aspects of business communication.

For your convenience, our free training events are held na-tionwide. Please contact us at [email protected] for more information or to arrange an event. All training cours-es will also be posted on our website.

EMMVEE’s Mission – Absolute Customer Satisfaction

Absolute customer satisfaction is EMMVEE’s mission, hence we offer a complete service package including custom-er service, special insurance and conditions for installers and their customers, training events and our magazine So-lar Journal.

33

Solar Panel Insurance

Solar panel insurance coverage will depend on the specific requirements of solar installers and operators of solar systems to cover all levels of a PV-project. EMMVEE customers now have the chance to receive insurance regarding mounting, installa-tion and all risk coverage from twin solar. The operator of a grid-tied solar system will have to cover the costs in the event of damage or loss. The affordable all risk coverage insurance from twin solar will relieve you from that burden. Most solar in-surance products only cover traditional risks such as fire, wa-ter, wind and hail damage. But solar panel insurance from twin solar includes risks such as operating errors, vandalism, theft, sabotage, and electrical short circuits. The insurance also deals with all aspects that ensure the solar system to run smoothly – the solar modules, cable and wiring system, inverter and feed-in meter. You can find all information regarding solar panel in-surance on our website at www.emmveephotovoltaics.com.

The company twin solar from Düsseldorf is a leading full-serv-ice solar insurance expert. They develop bespoke insurance con-cepts for solar companies, private building owners, and inves-tors from the agricultural sector, industry and trade.

Solar Journal

EMMVEE publishes its very own Solar Journal tri annually, which is distributed nationwide (and in its English version inter-nationally). The journal presents the work and projects of our customers and partners. Let us know of any developments from your side and we will report about your work, as well as oth-er relevant aspects regarding renewable energy. We also host contests that are relevant to your target audience. This makes the Solar Journal an important advertising tool for your sales promotions. Simply order a sample copy or our media pack. Log on to www.solar-journal.com to catch a glimpse of our lat-est edition.

EMMVEE offers more – for you!

34

The REACH-regulation requests manufacturers and importers of chemical substances to register the substances they use at the European Chemicals Agency. According to chemical reg-ulations photovoltaic modules fall into the product category. Product substances are only to be registered if these substanc-es are, in accordance with the regulation, released while us-ing the product. This is not the case for crystalline photovoltaic modules. Therefore, the substances in the modules do not have to be registered.

The RoHS-guideline stipulates that the use of lead, mercury, cadmium, hexavalent chrome, polybrominated biphenyl (PBB) and polybrominated diphenylether (PBDE) in certain electrical and electronic products is prohibited. Currently, photovolta-ic modules are not affected by the RoHS-guideline. However, EMMVEE is trying to adapt all products to the RohHS-conform-ity and already almost exclusively uses components that cor-respond to the RoHS-guideline. Notably, the EMMVEE photo-voltaic modules do not contain any cadmium.

A large proportion of the components used in photovolta-ic modules is recyclable. A conventional silicium module con-sists, corresponding to its weight, to 63 percent of glass, to 22 percent of aluminium and to 7.5 percent of EVA foil. The sili-con solar cells and the receptacle account for 4 or respectively 1.2 percent of the total weight. Notably the glass and alumin-ium frame have a high yield and can almost be 100 percent recyclable. The wafer material of the silicon solar cells is also of particular value as it can be retrieved as a raw material and be reused to produce PV modules. In addition small amounts of copper are accrued.

EMMVEE accords its customers a return warranty for pho-tovoltaic modules. EMMVEE modules can be returned, free of charge, to regional collection points and will be recycled ac-cordingly. The owner will neither be charged for returning them nor for the recycling process. The dismantling of the photovolta-ic appliance as well as the transport of the modules to the col-lection point are at the expense of the owner. We will gladly in-form you of your nearest collection point. Send us an email at [email protected] or give us a call.

Environmental Compatibility, Waste Disposal and Recycling

At EMMVEE, environmental protection is an integral part of the company policy. Hence, we support the implemen-tation of the REACH-regulation and are equipped to adapt our products to the RoHS-conformity in accordance with the RoHS-guideline.

solar cells

cell and string connectors

front glass embedding back sheet frame sealingjunction box

cables and plugs

Component

crystalline siliconAR coating: silicon nitridecontacts: silver, aluminumtinned copperalloy: SnPbAg 62/36/2 low iron cast glassethylene vinyl acetate (EVA)polymer and fluoropolymer foils (PVF, PVDF, PET) anodized aluminumsiliconebox: polycarbonate or polyphenylene etherconnectors and contacts: tinned copperdiode housing: syntheticscover sealing: EPDM and talcumcables: tinned copperisolation: halogen-free polyolefincontacts: silvered

Materials

Bosch or Q-Cells

Bruker-Spaleck

Saint-Gobain SolarSolutia SolarKrempelEMMVEEDow CorningSpelsberg or Lumberg

Multi-Contact or Lumberg

Manufacturer

+

-

++++++

+

Environmental Compatibility

•

•

•

•

•

Recyclability

Legend: + ecologically harmless, RoHS compliant, cadmium-free and unleaded - alloy contains 36 % lead

Composition of the components of EMMVEE modules, RoHS compliance and recyclability

35

References

Reference 1

Reference 2

Reference 3

Location

Commissioning

Performance

Module Type

Glass Type

No. of Modules

Inverter Type

Roof Orientation

Roof Inclination

Installer

Ertrag 2010

Location

Commissioning

Performance

Module Type

Glass Type

No. of Modules

Roof Orientation

Roof Inclination

Installer

Yield 2009

Ertrag 2010

Location

Commissioning

Performance

Module Type

Glass Type

No. of Modules

Inverter Type

Roof Orientation

Roof Inclination

Installer

Cortemaggiore, Piacenza (IT)2010 1 MWES-200 P60 (230W)Albarino P4347REFUSOL 20K (50x)0° south30° Codam S.r.l.

Pandino, Cremona (IT)200849,5 kWES-170 M72 (180 W)Albarino P27560° south-west6°Savex S.r.l.1140 kWh/kWp1017 kWh/kWp

Varese, Lombardy (IT)200936,11 kWES-230 P60 (230 W)Albarino P157Fronius IG 40 (7x)south and north10°KeyNRG S.r.l.1036 kWh/kWp und 899 kWh/kWp

36

References

Reference 4

Reference 5

Reference 6

Location

Commissioning

Performance

Module Type

Glass Type

No. of Modules

Inverter Type

Roof Orientation

Roof Inclination

Installer

Location

Commissioning

Performance

Module Type

Glass Type

No. of Modules

Inverter Type

Installer

Location

Commissioning

Performance

Module Type

Glass Type

No. of Modules

Inverter Type

Roof Orientation

Roof Inclination

Installer

Bubsheim, Baden-Wuerttemberg (DE)2009133,20 kWES-200 P60 (225 W)Albarino P592SolarMAX 6000S (2x), 4200S (2x),100C (1x)20-35° south-west25°Heinrich Trick Baukonzept GmbH

Schrozberg, Baden-Wuerttemberg (DE)200999,36 kWES-200 P60 (230 W)Albarino P und G432SMA SMC 10000 TL-10 (9x)EWB Elektroservice GmbH

Eschbach, Baden-Wuerttemberg (DE)2009149,10 kWES-170 M72 (175 W)Albarino P852Power One PVI 12.5 (9x), PVI 10.0 (2x)55° south-west18°Huber & Burkhardt GmbH

37

Reference 7

Reference 8

Reference 9

Location

Commissioning

Performance

Module Type

Glass Type

No. of Modules

Inverter Type

Roof Orientation

Roof Inclination

Installer

Location

Commissioning

Performance

Module Type

Glass Type

No. of Modules

Inverter Type

Installer

Location

Commissioning

Performance

Module Type

Glass Type

No. of Modules

Inverter Type

Roof Orientation

Roof Inclination

Installer

Yield 2010

Simmerath, North Rhine Westphalia (DE)200937,80 kWES-200 P60 (210 W)Albarino P180SMA SMC 11000 TL-10 (3x)7°south-west 6°ProSolaris943 kWh/kWp

Etoges, Champagne 51 (FR)2010117,03 kWES-200 P60 (235 W)Albarino P498Power One PVI 12.5Capthelios

Ratshausen, Baden-Wuerttemberg (DE)2010456,56 kWES-200 P60 (230 und 235 W)Albarino P1965Power One PVI 10.0 (32x), PVI 4.2 (1x),PVI 3.6 (5x), PVI 3.0 (5x)25° south-west15° and 20°Heinrich Trick Baukonzept GmbH

38

Contact

EMMVEE Photovoltaic PowerPrivate Limited #13/1, Bellary Road, Jala Hobli,Sonnappanahalli,Bettahalasur Post,Bangalore - 562 157, IndiaPhone: +91 (80)43 23 - 35 44 [email protected]

EMMVEE FranceEMMVEE Photovoltaics GmbH 6, Allée de la Douaière 8720 Cernay la Ville, France Phone: +33 (0)951 934 20 - 0 [email protected]

D. V. ManjunathaManaging DirectorPhone: +91 (80)23 33 - 7427Fax: +91 (80)23 33 - [email protected]

Dipl.-Kfm. Steffen GrafManaging Director Phone: +49 (0)30 914 26 89 - 0Fax: +49 (0)30 914 26 89 - [email protected]

gepr. HfW Salvatore CammilleriManaging DirectorPhone: +49 (0)6252 794 75 - 0Fax: +49 (0)6252 794 75 - [email protected]

Frank Hilgenfeld, BA, MAHead of Marketing & CommunicationsPhone: +49 (0)30 914 26 89 - 15Fax: +49 (0)30 914 26 89 - [email protected]

Mark Noone, BA (Hons)Sales Manager UKPhone: +44 (0)1325 461 - 632Mobil: +44 (0)758 044 - [email protected]

Nicola CrociManaging Director ItalyPhone: +39 0524 520 - 651Fax: +39 0524 201 - [email protected]

Lionel Klein, BASales Manager France and BeneluxPhone: +33 (0)951 934 20 - 0Mobil: +33 (0)61 571 [email protected]

EMMVEE UK EMMVEE Photovoltaics GmbH13 Surtees St, Darlington DL3 6PW, UKPhone: +44 (0)1325 461 - [email protected]

EMMVEE ItalyEMMVEE Photovoltaics SrlLoc. Lodispago – Via San Michele in Campagna43036 Fidenza (PR), ItalyPhone: +39 0524 520 - 651Fax: +39 0524 201 - [email protected]

European HeadquartersEMMVEE Photovoltaics GmbHFranz-Jacob-Straße 4a, 10369 BerlinPhone: +49 (0)30 914 26 89 - 0Fax: +49 (0)30 914 26 89 - [email protected]

Sales EuropeEMMVEE Photovoltaics GmbHDaimlerstraße 5, 64646 HeppenheimPhone: +49 (0)6252 794 75 - 0Fax: +49 (0)6252 794 75 - [email protected]

Nicole RiemerHead of Internal Sales ServicePhone: +49 (0)30 914 26 89 11Dipl.-Ing. Ole HemkeTechnical Product ManagerPhone: +49 (0)30 914 26 89 14

39

EMMVEE + Partners: Our locations

Berlin

Bitterfeld

Erfurt

Schalksmühle

Vaihingen

Schramberg

Weil am Rhein

Mannheim

Heppenheim

UnitedKingdom

France

Italy

Dietenheim

EMMVEE Photovoltaics GmbHFranz-Jacob-Str. 4a, 10369 Berlin

Phone.: +49 (0)30 914 26 89 - 0 Fax: +49 (0)30 914 26 89 - 29

www.emmveephotovoltaics.com

emmvee photovoltaics image brochure 2011

Documents

emmvee modules

company emmvee solar

solar modules

stateoftheart production

glass production

overview of emmvee

excellent production

production capacity