energy modeling at johnson controls
TRANSCRIPT
JOHNSON CONTROLS, INC.
ANALYSIS OF BIM PART 2
ANANTADITYA AIMA
7/4/2011
This part focuses on the linkup between BIM and Energy Modeling. The JC’s internal work with respect to energy modeling is highlighted in the report and a project based on eQUEST which is an energy modeling tool has been discussed. Also a comparison of various energy modeling tools has been included in this report.
1
PART 2
TOPICS TO BE COVERED :
1. Introduction to COEE and Energy Solutions Team at Johnson Controls..........................................
2. Description of Energy Modeling and its link up with BIM................................................................
3. Comparison of Energy Modeling tools............................................................................................
4. E Quest as an Energy Modeling tool as it is used in JC....................................................................
5. Complete description of the live Project based on Energy Modeling of Court House building......
2
COEE : CENTRE OF EXCELLENCE IN ENGINEERING
Center for Excellence in Engineering ( COEE ) provides engineering services to countries in the
entire Asia Pacific Region in the areas of building controls such as HVAC, fire and security ,
Energy Management and Facility Management services. COEE was established in 2000 as a
captive engineering center of Building Efficiency. It employs over 200 engineers across various
disciplines .It has two locations in India one in Mumbai and the other centre in Pune for better
business continuity and planning . COEE has self sufficient training centers and software testing
labs. It has completed over 5000 projects and is currently supporting Energy Solutions and
Remote Operations for over 4 years now. CoEE is an engineering and technology solution
organization that helps many businesses of Building Efficiency. CoEE has worked on some of
Johnson Controls’ largest projects globally.
COEE HAS OFFERINGS COVERING THE ENTIRE SPECTRUM OF BE
LIFECYCLE PERSPECTIVE
1. Facility Life Cycle
Facility Life Cycle
3
2. BE Portfolio
3. COEE Offering
Systems
Service
Energy Solutions
BE Portfolio
4
CURRENTLY COEE IS SUPPORTING SEVERAL ASPECTS OF ENERGY
SOLUTIONS PROJECTS GLOBALLY
5
ENERGY MODELING :-
Energy Modeling is an indispensable part of BIM and is the need of the hour as
sustainability in the field of building designing and construction is a key issue nowadays.
Energy Modeling is done for the various parameters in a facility including the
constructional materials used, the orientation of the building with respect to geographical
position, modeling of the different equipment like HVAC, lighting equipment, the
window and door location and material for it, the type of flooring , roofing, etc.
It focuses on sustainable designs of buildings with the reductions in emission levels. At
JC sustainability and building efficiency is the key.
ENERGY MODELING AT COEE :-
Energy Solution Teams at Pune and Mumbai are involved with the projects related to
Energy Modeling
eQuest is widely used as the Energy Modeling tool at JC. It is recommended by DOE of
America
The Energy Modeling is done for commercial buildings. It involves either retrofitting the
existing facility or modeling for a new facility
Customers include : Hospitals, Malls, Hotels, Schools, Banks and other commercial
buildings across Asia from countries like India, Thailand, Indonesia, Philippines,
Malaysia, Singapore
Under Energy Modeling the following can be the objectives for the COEE :-
1.) Model energy consumption by matching the existing operational practices / strategies &
correlate with actual consumption variations
2.) Model the building & match the current utility consumptions by making appropriate
operations strategies, Apply ECM (Energy Conservation Measures) for replacement of existing
systems with energy efficient ones.
6
ENERGY MODELING AND BUILDING INFORMATION MODELING :-
The present trend is that the BIM companies that is to say the companies which are the BIM tool
suppliers are now actually going on acquiring the energy modelling business as the the two
together offer a complete sustainable solution for building design. As an example one may note
that Hevacomp software which used to predict energy loads and usage in buildings, had
interfaced more closely with building information modeling tools from its new owner, Bentley
Systems.
Predicting how a building will perform before it is built is the tantalizing promise of building
information modeling (BIM) design software. There are some fundamental differences, however,
between an energy model and a model used to generate construction documents and three-
dimensional views of a design, so the vision of real-time feedback on energy performance during
design is not yet a reality. Two major BIM software companies, Autodesk and Bentley Systems,
have taken a step toward fulfilling that vision in early 2008 by acquiring companies with
energy modeling capabilities.
In January 2008 Bentley Systems announced that it had acquired Hevacomp, Ltd., a leading
provider of mechanical-system load calculations and system sizing for engineers in the U.K.
Hevacomp has recently expanded its capabilities to include carbon calculations and to provide
energy-use simulations based on the EnergyPlus engine from the U.S. Department of Energy.
―Our effective part is to make the interface very simple so that ordinary engineers can use it
without special training,‖ said Tony Baxter, former managing director of Hevacomp and now
Bentley’s director of product management for building services and energy analysis.
With Bentley as its owner, Hevacomp will now be moving actively into the U.S. and other
markets, according to Baxter. Once modifications to address differences in climate and design
approaches between the U.S. and U.K. markets are completed, Bentley and Hevacomp will offer
Americans a user-friendly interface for the powerful EnergyPlus platform. (A promised
EnergyPlus plug-in for Google SketchUp, when it is finally released, may serve this function for
architectural elements but not for mechanical systems.) Even as they work to integrate
Hevacomp software into Bentley’s BIM tools, the companies have no intention of making the
relationship exclusive. ―We’re working on smart data connectivity,‖ noted Noah Eckhouse,
Bentley’s director of business development, ―but we have no desire to make it a closed system—
we’re believers in interoperability.‖ Hevacomp’s energy-simulation software is available to users
of its mechanical-design software for an additional £1,700 (about $3,300) per site (any number
of users at one location).
At the November 2007 Greenbuild conference, Autodesk presented its vision of real-time
performance feedback in a futuristic video of a design process. Working to realize that vision, in
7
February 2008 it announced an agreement to purchase Green Building Studio. This Santa Rosa,
California company pioneered the concept of energy modeling as a Web service, and its gbXML
protocol is widely used to translate information from BIM software to energy-modeling tools.
The Web service approach ―represents a business model around analysis that you’ll see more of
from Audodesk,‖ promises Jay Bhatt, vice president for AEC at Autodesk. Green Building
Studio is especially effective for analyzing choices made early in the design process, but
Autodesk plans to continue developing its partnership with IES, Ltd., for more sophisticated
simulation capabilities, according to Bhatt.
At about the same time, Autodesk bought Carmel Software, a developer of mechanical-
engineering software based in San Rafael, California. Carmel’s products include load
calculations and system sizing for engineers as well some specialty tools, such as an indoor-
pollutant-concentration calculator. In the past Carmel’s tools have been connected to Autodesk’s
Revit software via gbXML. Now Autodesk is working to integrate that software with its design
tools. Autodesk has not yet decided whether Carmel software will remain available for purchase
independently, according to Bhatt, but Autodesk has taken it off the market for the time being.
―It will be better featured inside the Audodesk platform than it ever could be on its own,‖ Bhatt
said. Bhatt noted that its integration of recently purchased stormwater-modeling software may
serve as a model for its approach to the Carmel tools: the Intellisolve software that Autodesk
bought in 2007 is no longer available as a separate product, but its capabilities are integrated into
the just-released update of Revit Civil 3D. The company is also moving to provide lighting
analysis with a new designer’s version of its 3ds Max film and videogame software. 3ds Max
Design can be used to study both daylighting and electrical lighting in Revit models. While
gbXML and other protocols have streamlined the data flow from design software to modeling
tools, there is no way to automatically transfer changes made on the analysis side back into the
design model. Through these acquisitions, Bentley and Autodesk seek to leapfrog that need for
data to complete a ―round trip‖ from one tool to another: referring to the vision illustrated in its
video, Bhatt notes that ―there is no round trip in that concept—the analysis is happening
simultaneously with the design.‖
While BIM is proving itself as a very powerful architectural design and coordination tool,
research conducted by Newforma tells us that the limitations identified above represent recurring
difficulties in the use of BIM for project-wide design and documentation. Our subsequent
analysis shows that rather than being dependent on a single building model, project team
members typically rely on a number of purpose-built models including:
3D conceptual design model (created using SketchUp for example)
Detailed geometric design model (created using Bentley Architecture, Structural, and
HVAC products for example)
Structural finite element analysis model (created using STAAD for example)
8
Structural steel fabrication model (created using Tekla’s Xsteel for example)
Design coordination model (assembled from multiple sources of design
information via NavisWorks, for example)
Construction planning and sequencing model (created using Graphisoft’s Virtual
Construction solutions for example)
Hospital Equipment inventory model (creating using Codebook for example)
Energy analysis model (created using DOE-2 or Energy Plus for example)
Fire/life safety and egress model (created using IES ―virtual building
environment‖ for example)
Cost model (created using Timberline for example
Resource planning model (created using Primavera for example)
So the trend is towards integrating all these models to come out with a proper building project
solution. We currently see BIM as the 3D design Model with detailed structural analysis which
can then be used for carrying out energy analysis with costing, scheduling, resource planning as
mentioned above.
9
ENERGY MODELING TOOLS COMPARISON :-
Abstract : For the past 50 years, a wide variety of building energy simulation programs have
been developed, enhanced, and are in use throughout the building energy community. This report
provides an up to date comparison of the features and capabilities of 20 major building energy
simulation programs listed below. The comparison is based on information provided by program
developers in the following categories which are also listed below.
1. BLAST
2. Bsim
3. DeST
4. DOE-2 IE
5. ECOTECT
6. Ener-Win
7. Energy Express
8. Energy – 10
9. Energy Plus
10. eQuest
11. ESP
12. HAP
13. HEED
14. IDAICE
15. IES
16. Power Domus
17. SUNREL
18. Tas
19. TRACE
20. TRNSYS
COMPARISON BASIS
1. General Modeling Features
2. Zone Loads
3. Building Envelope, Daylighting and Solar
4. Infilteration, Ventilation, Room-air and
Multizone Airflow
5. Renewable Energy Systems
6. Electrical Systems and Equipment
7. HVAC Systems
8. HVAC Equipment
9. Environmental Emissions
10. Climate Data Availability
11. Economic Evaluation
12. Results Reporting
10
Abstract :- Contd
The comparison has been taken from a paper : ―CONTRASTING THE CAPABILITIES OF
BUILDING ENERGY PERFORMANCE SIMULATION PROGRAMS‖ which is a joint report
by
1. Drury B Crawly (U.S DOE, Washington DC, USA)
2. Jon W. Hand (Energy System Research Unit, University of Strathclyde, Scotland, UK
3. Michaël Kummert University of Wisconsin-Madison Solar Energy Laboratory Madison,
Wisconsin, USA
4. Brent T. GriffithNational Renewable Energy Laboratory Golden, Colorado, USA
This report was published in July 2005 This report is sponsored jointly by the United States
Department of Energy, University of Strathclyde, and University of Wisconsin. None of the
sponsoring organizations, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied,
or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of
any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not
infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or
service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or
imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by any of the sponsoring organizations. The
views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the
sponsoring organizations.
11
ENERGY MODELING TOOLS
COMPARISON
12
Table 1
General
Modeling
Features Blast
BS
im
DeS
T
DO
E-2
.1E
Eco
Tect
En
er-Win
En
ergy
Exp
ress
En
ergy
-10
En
ergy P
lus
eQU
ES
T
ES
P-r
HA
P
HE
ED
IDA
ICE
IAS
<V
E>
Po
werD
om
us
SU
NR
EL
Tas
TR
AC
E
TR
AN
SY
S
1.Simulation Solution
Sequential
Loads,
system,
plant
calculation
without
feedback
Simultaneo
us loads,
system and
plant
solution
Space
temperature
based on
loads-
systems
feedback
Floating
Room
Temperatur
e
2. Full Geometric
Description
Walls,
13
roofs, floors
Windows,
skylights,
doors, and
external
shading
Multi-sided
polygons
Import
building
geometry
from CAD
programs
Export
building
geometry to
CAD
programs
Import/expo
rt model to
other
simulation
programs
Number of
surfaces,
zones,
systems,
and
equipment
unlimited
3. Simple building
models for HVAC
system simulation
Import
14
calculated
or measured
loads
Simple
models
(single
lumped
capacitance
per zone)
Table 2 ZONE
LOADS
Blast
BS
im
DeS
T
DO
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.1E
Eco
Tect
En
er-Win
En
ergy
Exp
ress
En
ergy
-10
En
ergy P
lus
eQU
ES
T
ES
P-r
HA
P
HE
ED
IDA
ICE
IAS
<V
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Po
werD
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SU
NR
EL
Tas
TR
AC
E
TR
AN
SY
S
Heat balance
calculation38
Building material
moisture
adsorption/desorption4
0
Element conduction
solution method
Frequency domain
(admittance method)
Time response factor
(transfer functions)
15
Table 2
ZONE
LOADS
Blast
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DeS
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Eco
Tect
En
er-Win
En
ergy
Exp
ress
En
ergy
-10
En
ergy P
lus
eQU
ES
T
ES
P-r
HA
P
HE
ED
IDA
ICE
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<V
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Po
werD
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SU
NR
EL
Tas
TR
AC
E
TR
AN
SY
S
Finite
difference /
volume
method
Interior
surface
convection
Dependent
on
temperatur
e
Dependent
on air flow
Dependent
on CFD-
based
surface heat
coefficient
Internal
thermal
mass
Human
thermal
comfort49
16
Fanger
Pierce
two-node
MRT
(Mean
Radiant
Temperatur
Radiant
discomfort5
1
Simultaneo
us CFD
solution
PAQ
(Perceived
Air
Quality)53
Automatic design day
sizing calculations
Dry bulb
temperatur
e
Dew point
temperatur
e or relative
humidity
User-
specified55
17
Table 3
Building
Envelope,
Daylightin
g and solar
Blast
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En
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En
ergy
Exp
ress
En
ergy
-10
En
ergy P
lus
eQU
ES
T
ES
P-r
HA
P
HE
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IDA
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<V
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Po
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SU
NR
EL
Tas
TR
AC
E
TR
AN
SY
S
Solar
analysis
Beam
solar
radiation
reflection
from
outside and
inside
window
reveals
Solar
gain
through
blinds
accounts
for
different
transmittan
ces for sky
and ground
diffuse
solar
Solar
gain and
daylighting
calculation
s account
for inter-
18
reflections
from
external
building
component
s and other
buildings
Creation
of
optimized
shading
devices
Shading
surface
transmittan
ce
Shading
device
scheduling
User-
specified
shading
control
Bi-
directional
shading
devices
Shading
of sky IR
by
obstruction
s
Insolation
analysis
19
time-
invariant
and/or user
stipulated6
2
distribution
computed
at each
hour64
distribution
computed
at each
timestep67
Beam
solar
radiation
passes
through
interior
windows
(double-
envelope)
Track
insolation
losses
(outside or
other
zones)
Advanced fenestration
Controllabl
e window
blinds
20
Between-
glass
shades and
blinds
Electrochro
mic glazing
Thermochr
omic
glazing
Datasets
of window
types74
WINDOW
5
calculation
s
WINDOW
4.1 data
import
Dirt
correction
factor for
glass solar
and visible
transmittan
ce
Movable
storm
windows
Bi-
21
directional
shading
devices
Window
blind
model82
User-
specified
daylighting
control
Window
gas fill as
single gas
or gas
mixture
General Envelope
Calculations
Outside
surface
convection
algorithm
o
BLAST/T
ARP
o DOE-
2
o
MoWiTT
o
ASHRAE
simple
22
Sky model
Isotropic87
Anisotropic
89
User-
selectable
Daylighting
illumination and
controls
Interior illumination
from windows and
skylights
Stepped or dimming
electric lighting
controls93
Glare simulation and
control
Table 4
Infiltration,
Ventilation,
Room Air
and
Multizone
Airflow
Blast
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Eco
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En
er-Win
En
ergy
Exp
ress
En
ergy
-10
En
ergy P
lus
eQU
ES
T
ES
P-r
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<V
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AC
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TR
AN
SY
S
Single zone
infiltration
23
Automatic
calculation of
wind pressure
coefficients
Natural
ventilation10
9
Hybrid
natural and
mechanical
ventilation
Window
opening for
natural
ventilation
controllable1
12
Multizone
airflow (via
pressure
network
model)
Displacement
ventilation
Mix of flow
networks and
CFD domains
Contaminants
, mycotoxins
(mold
growth)
24
Table 5
Renewable
Energy
Systems Blast
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Eco
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En
er-Win
En
ergy
Exp
ress
En
ergy
-10
En
ergy P
lus
eQU
ES
T
ES
P-r
HA
P
HE
ED
IDA
ICE
IAS
<V
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Po
werD
om
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SU
NR
EL
Tas
TR
AC
E
TR
AN
SY
S
Trombe
wall
Rock bin
thermal
storage
Solar
thermal
collectors
Glazed
flat plate
Unglazed
flat plate
(heating and
cooling)
Evacuated
tube
Unglazed
transpired
solar
collector
High
temperature
concentratin
g
25
collectors12
3
User-
configured
solar
systems124
Integral
collector
storage
systems
Photovoltai
c power
Hydrogen
systems126
Wind power
Table 6
Electrical Systems and
Equipment
Blast
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En
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En
ergy
Exp
ress
En
ergy
-10
En
ergy P
lus
eQU
ES
T
ES
P-r
HA
P
HE
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IDA
ICE
IAS
<V
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werD
om
us
SU
NR
EL
Tas
TR
AC
E
TR
AN
SY
S
Electric load distribution
and management
On-site generation and
utility electricity
management including
demand
Renewable
26
components127
Power generators
Internal combustion
engine generator
Combustion turbine
Microgeneration130
integrated with thermal
simulation
Grid connection
Electric conductors131
Building power
loads134
Table 7
HVAC
Systems
Blast
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En
ergy
Exp
ress
En
ergy
-10
En
ergy P
lus
eQU
ES
T
ES
P-r
HA
P
HE
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IDA
ICE
IAS
<V
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SU
NR
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AC
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TR
AN
SY
S
Discrete
HVAC
components1
35
Idealized
HVAC
systems
User-
configurable
HVAC
27
systems
Air loops140
Fluid
loops141
Run-around,
primary and
secondary
fluid loops
with
independent
pumps and
controls
Fluid loop
pumping
power143
Pipe flow-
pressure
networks145
Air
distribution
system146
Multiple
supply air
plenums
Simplified
demand-
controlled
ventilation
Ventilation
rate per
occupant and
floor area
28
Ventilation
air flow
schedule
User-
defined
ventilation
control
strategy150
CO2 modeling
CO2 zone
concentration
s, mechanical
and natural
air path
transport
CO2 based
demand-
controlled
ventilation
DX system
o
Heating/coolin
g coils
o Coil latent
capacity
degradation16
1
Furnace162
Air-to-air
packaged heat
pump
29
Water-to-air
packaged heat
pump
Table 8
HVAC
Equipment
Blast
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En
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En
ergy
Exp
ress
En
ergy
-10
En
ergy P
lus
eQU
ES
T
ES
P-r
HA
P
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SY
S
Coils
Water heating
coil
Electric heating
coil
Gas heating coil
Water cooling
coil
30
Detailed
fin/tube water
cooling coil
DX coil
o Bypass factor
cooling empirical
o Multispeed
cooling empirical
o Heating
empirical
o Coil frost
control
Water-to-air
heat pump165
Radiative/convect
ive unit
Baseboard
(electric)
Baseboard
(hydronic)
Low
temperature
radiant
o Hydronic167
o Electric169
High
temperature
radiant (gas,
31
electric)
Desiccant
dehumidifier
(solid)
Humidifier
Steam (electric)
Humidifier
water
consumption
Humidity
control171
Cooling coils in
combination with
air-to-air heat
exchanger for
improved
dehumidification
performance
Table 8
HVAC
Equipme
nt Blast
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En
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Exp
ress
En
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-10
En
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lus
eQU
ES
T
ES
P-r
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<V
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SU
NR
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Tas
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AC
E
TR
AN
SY
S
High
humidity
control
(DX or
chilled
32
water
coils)
Fans
Constant
volume
Variable
volume
Exhaust
Pumps
Constant
speed
Variable
speed
Multi-
stage
Direct-
couple to
power
source
33
Table 9
Environment
al Emissions
Blast
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En
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Exp
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En
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En
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ES
T
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SU
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Tas
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AC
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TR
AN
SY
S
Power plant
energy
emissions
On-site
energy
emissions
Major
greenhouse
gases (CO2,
CO, CH4,
NOx)
Carbon
equivalent of
greenhouse
gases
Criteria
pollutants
(CO, NOx,
SO2, PM, Pb)
Ozone
precursors
(CH4,
NMVOC,
NH3)
Hazardous
pollutants (Pb,
Hg)
Water use in
34
power
generation
High- and
low-level
nuclear waste
Pollutant
emissions
factors206
Table 10
Climate Data
Availability
Blast
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En
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Exp
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En
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En
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eQU
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T
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Weather data
provided
With the
program207
Separately
downloadable
Generate
hourly data
from monthly
averages
Estimate
diffuse
radiation from
global
35
radiation
Weather data
processing and
editing
Weather data
formats
directly read
by program
Any user-
specified
format
EnergyPlus/ES
P-r215
European Test
Reference
Year216
Typical
Meteorological
Year217
Typical
Meteorological
Year 2220
Solar and
Wind Energy
Resource
Assessment222
Weather
Year for
Energy
Calculations
2223
36
Solar and
Meteorological
Surface
Observation
International
Weather for
Energy
Calculations22
5
Japan
AMeDAS
weather
data226
DOE-2 text
format
BLAST text
format
ESP-r text
format
ECOTECT
WEA format
37
Table 11
Economic
Evaluatio
n Blast
BS
im
DeS
T
DO
E-2
.1E
Eco
Tect
En
er-Win
En
ergy
Exp
ress
En
ergy
-10
En
ergy P
lus
eQU
ES
T
ES
P-r
HA
P
HE
ED
IDA
ICE
IAS
<V
E>
Po
werD
om
us
SU
NR
EL
Tas
TR
AC
E
TR
AN
SY
S
Energy
Costs
Simple
energy and
demand
charges
Complex
energy
tariffs227
Scheduled
variation
in all rate
component
s
User
selectable
billing
dates
Life-cycle
costs
Componen
t and
equipment
cost
estimating
Standard
38
lifecycle
costing
Table 12
Results
Reporting
Blast
BS
im
DeS
T
DO
E-2
.1E
Eco
Tect
En
er-Win
En
ergy
Exp
ress
En
ergy
-10
En
ergy P
lus
eQU
ES
T
ES
P-r
HA
P
HE
ED
IDA
ICE
IAS
<V
E>
Po
werD
om
us
SU
NR
EL
Tas
TR
AC
E
TR
AN
SY
S
Standard
reports
User-
defined
reports
User-
selectable
report
format
Comma-
separated
value
Text
Word
Tab-
separated
value
39
HTML
Graph
Statistics
Load,
system, and
plant
variables
reportable at
time
step with
daily,
monthly,
and annual
aggregation
Standardize
d binned
variable
report
Time-
binned
variable
Variable
versus
variable
Meters
Energy
end-uses233
Peak
demand
40
Peak
demand
period user-
selectable23
4
Consumptio
n by energy
source
Component
s user-
assignable
to any meter
Multiple
levels of
sub-
metering
Auto-sizing
report
Automatic
generation
of energy
balance
checks237
Visual
surface
output
(walls,
windows,
floors,
roofs)
41
42
Energy Modeling of
A Court House Building Project in Hawaii
43
eQUEST As An Energy Modeling Tool :
eQUEST allows us to perform detailed analysis of today’s state-of-the-art building design
technologies using today’s most sophisticated building energy use simulation techniques but
without requiring extensive experience in the "art" of building performance modeling. This is
accomplished by combining a building creation wizard, an energy efficiency measure (EEM)
wizard, and a graphical results display module with a simulation "engine" derived from an
advanced version of the DOE-2 building energy use simulation program. After two decades of
continuous development and enhancement,
DOE-2 is the most widely recognized and trusted building energy simulation
program available today. eQUEST will guide us through the creation of a detailed
DOE-2 building model, allow us to automatically perform parametric simulations
of our design alternatives, and provide with intuitive graphics that highlight
the performance of proposed design alternatives within a fraction of the
time previously required for professional-level analysis.
The Building Creation Wizard :
Sophisticated energy use simulation programs have been in existence for more than two decades.
Unfortunately, those programs have always required detailed knowledge of both the ART of
building energy use analysis and the SCIENCE of the particular energy analysis program itself.
The result has been that only specialists could reliably use the sophisticated simulation programs.
The level of effort and associated expense generally meant that simulation analysis occurred only
once during the design process, most frequently nearer the end of the process, when the most
detailed inputs were available. Such a process was not only expensive… it did little to facilitate
collaborative energy efficient design (i.e., involving several design team members)
throughout the entire design process (i.e., from schematic through final design). The Building
Creation Wizard acts as an expert modeling advisor. eQUEST 3.0 helps to overcome past
barriers to simulation by incorporating two building creation wizards: the Schematic Design
Wizard (the ―Schematic Wizard‖) and the Design Development Wizard (the ―DD Wizard‖), as
well as an Energy Efficiency Measure wizard (the ―EEM Wizard‖). It’s like having an expert
advisor, operating between you and the DOE-2 energy simulation program. Either Wizard will
guide you through a series of steps designed to allow you to fully describe the principal energy-
related features of our design. The wizards then create a detailed description of the proposed
design as required DOE-2. At each step of describing your building design, the wizards provide
easy-to-understand choices of component and system options.
44
Two types of building wizards in eQuest : -
1. Schematic Design Wizard : The sequence of steps the wizard takes you through allows
you to describe building’s architectural features and its heating, ventilating, and air-
conditioning (HVAC) equipment. The steps are organized so that the most general
project information is requested first (Figure 1), followed by more detailed architectural
and HVAC information (Figures 2 and 3).
Design Development
Wizard
Design Development Wizard
Fig 2 Fig 1
45
When to use the Schematic Design Wizard?
The Schematic Wizard is designed to support the earliest
design phase, when information is most limited. Although
time may also be limited, with even a little practice, you
will find that you can explore the energy impacts of
numerous design features in an hour or less. The Schematic
Wizard is also well suited for smaller, simpler structures.
Other features include the following:
Building geometry can rely on predefined generic shapes,
orcustom user input via a drawing tablet, including importing
&tracing DWG plan files.
Currently, the Schematic Wizard is limited to one building shell
and one footprint, i.e., only one structure with all floors in the structure sharing the same basic footprint
shape and thermal zoning pattern.
Up to two different types of HVAC systems can be described in any one Schematic Wizard project (e.g.,
built-up chilled water plus rooftop DX units). There are 60+ HVAC system types to choose from.
The description of internal loads relies on generic, code-based activity area types having default lighting and
equipment power densities.
Defaults, categorized by building type , are provided for ALL wizard inputs
Design Development Wizard (DD Wizard) ?
The Design Development Wizard (the ―DD Wizard‖) is designed for later, more detailed design
(i.e., during the Design Development phase), when more detailed information is available. It is
also better suited for larger, more complicated structures, or for use with more detailed internal
loads, schedules, and HVAC system assignment requirements. Users may begin their projects
using the DD Wizard, or, if they began their building simulation project using the Schematic
Wizard, they can elect at any time to continue their project analysis and development using the
DD Wizard, e.g., as more detailed project information becomes available. Other features include
the following:
In DD Wizard users can describe multiple building shell components, each with similar or very different
geometry, shell properties, and HVAC zoning and/or systems.
Separate building shell components may be stacked ( eg to form setback mid- or high-rise designs), or
placed adjacent to one another ( eg to form separate wings or a campus of separate structures).
There is no limit on the number of HVAC system types that can be used in a single project.
The description of internal loads can use generic, code-based activity area types ( as in the Schematic
design), or users may provide much more detailed, even zone-by-zone, descriptions of internal loads and
HVAC system assignments.
Building schedule information is in the form of hour-by-hour descriptions of building occupancy and
equipment usage profiles.
Fig 3
46
The Energy-Efficiency Measures (EEM) Wizard helps us quickly, easily,and reliably explore the
energy performance of your preferred design alternatives:
The greatest value that energy simulation can provide to the building design professional is
reliable guidance in determining the energy performance of design alternatives. After creating a
new building description (i.e., using the Building Wizard), you can launch the EEM Wizard to
quickly describe up to nine design alternatives to your ―base‖ building description. You can then
automatically simulate any or all of these alternative cases and view the simulation results as
either individual or comparative graphs or in a detailed ―parametric‖ tabular report. Using the
EEM Wizard, designers can easily ―weigh‖ the energy impacts and tradeoffs of their design
options. Building energy performance simulation was never so quick, easy, and reliable.
Once a simulation has been completed, you visualize the results through a number of graphical
formats. Overall building estimated energy use can be seen on an annual or monthly basis.
Detailed performance of individual building components may also be examined. Figure 5, for
example, shows the monthly electrical and gas consumption for a single building simulation and
the fraction of that consumption attributed to each of the end-use categories. Figure 6, on the
other hand, provides a pair of comparison graphics with associated tabular results that show the
monthly electrical and gas consumption for each of five building EEM simulations.
47
The output of the tool with or without energy measures comes in the form below from which one
can know the electricity consumption and the energy use pattern in the facility for a period of an
year. This also enables to identify the areas where the bill can be reduced with the installation of
energy saving equipment etc.
Figure: Monthly electrical and gas consumption, by end use
48
Computer Requirements:
To use eQUEST you need a PC with the following: Windows 95, 98, ME, NT, 2000, or XP
(Windows 2000 or XP is recommended), having at least 64 Megabytes of RAM, 100 Megabytes
of free hard drive space and a display capable of 800x600 resolution at 256 colors (or greater).
You should also have internet access to allow the download of additional weather files and
updates to new versions of eQUEST as they become available.
eQUEST Availability, Cost, and Technical Support:
eQUEST is provided FREE by courtesy of the State of California's Energy Design Resources
program and is available for downloading from www.energydesignresources.com.
Technical support is available via email at [email protected].
Figure: 3D View of eQUEST Model
49
Interoperability:
eQUEST has recently added DWG import capabilities. This provides users with the ability to
import DWG files (and soon, DXF files), then use them as a guide to ―trace‖ the shape of the
building footprint and zoning in a drawing module.
50
THE COURT HOUSE PROJECT
INTRODUCTION:
After learning to operate the eQUEST software and few of its features it was time to actually
model a building and do its energy analysis. So I was given a project by my guide under the
guidance of MR Tulshiram Waghmare who works in the Energy Solutions Team of COEE.
The task was to energy model the building of the courthouse and the customer had actually
submitted the structural designs, engineering drawings of the facility which was already
standing. Now with the help of such drawings I had to extract the information which had to be
used as the input in eQUEST. After inputting the the required information in the design
development wizard of the program, the next step was to simulate the energy performance and
estimate the energy demand for the year. After this there were few energy efficiency measures
which I had introduced to finally come out with reduced energy consumption in 4 scenarios.
Information from the drawings and designs submitted by the customer included:
1. The address of the facility necessary for loading the weather file which takes into account
the temperatures for the location on the daily basis.
2. The orientation of the facility with respect to the geographical axis for estimating the
insolation in every room.
3. The building area and the number of floors.
4. The building footprint, which involves the various zones which need air conditioning
5. Floor height
6. Roof and wall dimensions and the construction material for them.
7. Floor construction material used along with the type of finish.
8. The windows location and glass properties.
9. Door dimensions and material properties.
10. Building operation schedule.
11. Allocation of AHU and FCU (the air conditioning equipment with its properties)
12. Interior lighting loads and profiles
13. Office equipment loads and profiles.
The Energy Measures taken involved :
1. Internal lighting changed from usual to CFL’s. (success)
2. Window Glass changed from Single/Tint clear to double/tint clear. (success)
3. AHU system changed and added on with thermostat control with cooling temperature
raised from 70 F to 80 F package. (success)
51
4. Chilled water control set point temperature increased from 44 to 48 F with max limit of
58 F. (success)
RESULTS:
1. Baseline Result:
52
2. Lighting Power EEM:
53
3. Window Glass Type EEM
54
4. Thermostat Management EEM :
55
5. CHW Control EEM :
REFERENCES:
1. Presentations of Johnson Control’s COEE division given to me by my guides.
2. Article published by Nadiv Malin on ―BIM Companies Acquiring Energy Modeling
Capabilities‖ dated 04/03/08
(Link : http://greensource.construction.com/news/080403BIMModeling.asp)
56
3. A joint report on ―Contrasting The Capabilities of Building Energy Performance
Simulation Programs‖ by
Drury B Crawly (U.S DOE, Washington DC, USA), Jon W. Hand (Energy System
Research Unit, University of Strathclyde, Scotland, UK, Michaël Kummert, University of
Wisconsin-Madison Solar Energy Laboratory Madison, Wisconsin, USA, Brent T.
Griffith, National Renewable Energy Laboratory Golden, Colorado, USA .
Dated July 2005
4. eQUEST help files within the software itself.