Environmental & Psychological Conditions Impact on Recreation · House of Run & Tri Fleet Feet Project Overview . Project Overview . Data Analyses . Descriptive statistics Multi-Level
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Environmental & Psychological Conditions Impact on Recreation Dr. Leeann Lower, The Ohio State University Dr. Thomas Aicher, University of Colorado - Colorado Springs
Environmental & Psychological Conditions Impact on Recreation
Dr. Leeann Lower, The Ohio State University
Dr. Thomas Aicher, University of Colorado - Colorado Springs
Introductions Funding received from: Ohio Parks & Recreation Association Foundation
Dr. Leeann Lower Marathon PR – 3:27:19
Dr. Thomas Aicher Marathon PR – 3:33:05
Objectives
1. Define and categorize environmental and psychological constraints impacting recreation, fitness, and leisure participants.
2. Define and categorize motivations impacting recreation, fitness, and leisure participants.
3. Understand the role of organizational support in mitigating constraints and enhancing motivations among recreation, fitness, and leisure participants.
U.S. Health Status 79% of adults failing to meet national physical activity guidelines
Over 33% of adults considered obese
Estimated $76 billion in medical costs and 300,000 deaths per year resulting from poor exercise
Solution?
Outdoor Recreation
• Running, jogging, and trail running is deemed the most popular outdoor recreation activity
• Estimated 52.3 million participants averaging 82 outings per person every year
• 55% of runners prefer to run on trails and 41% prefer parks
“for many runners, distance running is the epitome of community”
- Robins
Running Intentions
Organizational Support
Psychological State
Running Constraints
Running Behaviors
Goal Attainment
Conceptual Model
Project Overview
Columbus Running Company Columbus Eastside Running Club
House of Run & Tri Fleet Feet
Project Overview
Project Overview
Data Analyses Descriptive statistics Multi-Level Models
(future)
5 surveys administered online over 17-week marathon training
Running Goals: When thinking of the spring training season, please identify up to four goals that you are currently pursuing. Using the following scale (1 = very easy to 7 = very difficult) please rate the difficulty of each of your goals. How much effort have you directed towards each of your goals since the start of the current season? Running Intentions: - Over the next month, how many miles do you plan to run each week? - Over the next month, how many club training runs do you plan to attend each week? - Over the next month, how many club training activities do you plan to attend each week? - Over the next month, how many club social activities do you plan to attend? Do you plan to participate in another running competition? Running Behaviors: - Over the past month, on average how many miles did you run each week? - Over the past month, on average how many club training runs did you attend each week? - Please identify other club training activities you engaged in this past month. - Over the past month, on average how many club training activities did you attend each week? - Please identify what club social activities you engaged in this month. - Over the past month, how many club social activities did you attend? - Please identify other training activities you engaged in this past month outside of the club. - Over the past month, on average how many of these training activities did you engage in each week? Running Accomplishments: To what extent do you feel you have attained each of your goals since the start of the current season? (Scale: 1 = much less than expected … 4 = as expected … 7 = much more than expected) To what extent do you feel your club helped you to achieve your goals? To what extent do you feel your club leader helped you to achieve your goals? To what extent do you feel the social support from club members helped you to achieve your goals? To what extent do you feel access to public parks / trails helped you to achieve your goals?
Environmental Constraints
Presenter
Presentation Notes
Scaling: 1 = Strongly Disagree … 7 = Strongly Agree Park constraints: Location of parks, Fear of physical assault, Maintenance of facility, Fear of crime, No one to go with, Lack of time, Overcrowded park, Availability of facilities, Gang activity in park, Alcohol/drugs in park, Lighting in the parks, Lack of green space, Landscaping and trees, Lack of transportation, Confrontation with other, Feeling unwelcome, Fear of sexual assault, Don’t offer activities you want, Fear of racial conflict Running constraints: Too busy with family, Lack of energy, Costs too much, Feel guilty, Lack of skill, Safety and security concerns, Physical disability, Lack of time, Poor health, Lack of self-confidence, Not in shape, Don’t know anyone else participating, Too much planning involved, No suitable place
Psychological Constraints
• Interpersonal • Intrapersonal • Structural
Presenter
Presentation Notes
Constraints defined as factors inhibiting or preventing participation in a leisure pursuit/activity. Constraints are important, because they serve as barrier even those who would be otherwise motivated to attend. Internal constraints: personal and/or intrinsic factors that inhibit participation (lack of interest, prioritization, inter-role conflict, perceived reference group attitudes, perceived skill level of individual, prior socializations, friends’ interest External/structural barriers – cost, time commitment, accessibility, weather, venue, marketing efforts of organization or activity, opportunities to participate
Club Operations Capacity: Our club is well organized, Day-to-day operations of the club are effective, Our club is run efficiently, Our club provides programs in a positive environment, Our club is able to offer most of the programs and services we would like Club Program/Services Capacity: Our club provides quality programs and services, Our club offers a range of programs, Our club offers accessible programs Club Community Presence Capacity: Our club has a presence in the community, The community is aware of our club Leader Autonomy Support: I feel that my coach provides me choices and options, I feel understood by my club, My coach conveyed confidence in my ability to do well at running, My coach encouraged me to ask questions, My coach listens to how I would like to do things, My coach tries to understand how I see things before suggesting a new way to do things Task Motivational Climate: the coach wants us to try new skills, the coach believes that all of us are crucial to the success of the team, the coach makes sure runners improve on skills they are not good at, the coach encourages runners to help each other, the coach emphasizes always trying your best Ego Motivational Climate: the coach gets mad when a runner makes a mistake, the coach gives most of his or her attention to the stars, the coach praises runners only when they outrun team-mates, the coach thinks only a few runners contribute to the success of the team, the coach has his or her own favorites, the coach yells at runners for messing up, the coach makes it clear who he or she thinks are the best runners, only the top runners “get noticed” by the coach, the coach favors some runners more than others
How can YOU apply this
information to your parks &
recreation organization?
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