englis

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basque

Elh

uyard

ictionary

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tegia

euskara

- ingele

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sarrera_ei 23/8/07 09:03 Page I

Elhuyar Hizkuntza Zerbitzuek ekoitzia

zuzendaria: Elixabete Etxeberria

hiztegiaren diseinua: Antton Gurrutxaga

aholkularitza eta zuzenketa: Antton GarikanoSarah J. Turtle

erredakzioa: Irati BereauAiora JakaSahats Ugartetxea

maketazioa: Mari Karmen Urdangarin

diseinu informatikoa: Pili LizasoEdurne MartinezMari Susperregi

azalaren diseinua: Publis

Hezkuntza, Unibertsitate eta Ikerketa Sailak onetsia: 2007-07-19

© Elhuyar Fundazioa. Zelai Haundi, 3. Osinalde industrialdea.20170 USURBIL (Gip.) (2007)elhuyar@elhuyar.com - www.elhuyar.org

© Argitalpen honena: Elkarlanean, S.L. Portuetxe 88 bis. 20018 DONOSTIA

Lege-gordailua: SS-1098/2007ISBN: 978-84-9783-497-1

Inprimatzailea: Leitzaran Grafikak. Martin Ugalde Kultur Parkea. 20140 Andoain (Gip.)Banatzailea: Elkar Banaketa. Portuetxe 88. 20018 DONOSTIA

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euskara

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rants

esa

III

euskara

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sarrera_ei 23/8/07 09:03 Page IV

VII

Hiztegiaren erabilera

sarrerakategoria

ohar semantikoa

homografoak sarrera

banatan, zenbakituta

jakintza-alorra

aditzaren infinitiboa,

aditzoina etaaspektu

burutugabea

lokuzioak

azpisarrerenhasiera

adierazteko ikurra

adierak zenbakituta

idazkera-oharra

adibidea

azpisarrerenbereizgarria

kategoria-aldaketarenezaugarria

siglaren formagaratua

unitateari buruzko informazioa nondagoen adierazteko ikurra

azpisarrera lexikalak

eguzki. iz. 1. (astronomiaz ari garelamaiusk. eta mug.) the sun, the Sun. Zeinda Eguzkitik Lurrerainoko distantzia?: whatis the distance between the Sun and theEarth? Eguzki-sistema: solar system.2. [argia] (the) sun, sunshine. Gela haugoizetan jotzen du eguzkiak: this room getsthe sun in the mornings. Eguzki gabekoeguna: a dull day. ❏ eguzki-belar. h. eki-lore. sunflower. ❘❘ eguzki-oihal. awning. ❏eguzkia hartu. to sunbathe. ❘❘ eguzki-galdatan. in blazing/burning/scorchingsun. ❘❘ eguzkitan. in the sun. Arropa eguzkitaneseki: to hang the washing out in the sun.

1 aurki. iz. soon; at once, straight away.Aurki etorriko naiz: I'll be right back.

2 aurki. iz. (the) obverse; [txanpona]head(s).

aktibo. izond. 1. active. 2. (Hizkl.) active. �iz. 3. (Kont.) assets.

DVD (disko digital balioaniztun). iz.DVD (digital versatile disc). DVD irakur-gailua: DVD player.

faksimile. � facsimile.

ezkondu, ezkon, ezkontzen. da ad. 1. tomarry, to get married. Gazte ezkondu ziren:they married young. � du ad. 2. to marry.Alkateak ezkondu zituen: they were marriedby the lady mayor.

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VIII

Laburdura-zerrenda

ad. aditzaadb. adberbioaadj. adjektiboaadj./iz. adjektiboa eta izenaAnat. anatomiaAntr. antropologiaAntz. antzerkiaArg. argazkilaritzaArkit. arkitekturaArm. armagintzaArt. arteaArt. Graf. arte grafikoakAstron. astronomiaAstronaut. astronautikaAutom. automobilgintzabanatz. banatzaileaBiokim. biokimikaBiol. biologiaBot. botanikada ad. da aditzada/du ad. da/du aditzadet. determinatzaileadio ad. dio aditzadio/zaio ad. dio/zaio aditzadu ad. du aditzaEkol. ekologiaEkon. ekonomiaElektr. elektrizitateaElektron. elektronikaEraik. eraikuntzaerak. erakusleaErl. erlijioaFil. filosofiaFin. finantzakFis. fisikagald. galdetzaileaGeogr. geografiaGeol. geologiaHeg. Hego Euskal Herriko

hitz edo adieraHezk. hezkuntzaHist. historiaHizkl. hizkuntzalaritzaInform. informatikainterj. interjekzioaIpar. Ipar Euskal Herriko

hitz edo adiera

Itsas. itsasoaiz. izenaiz./izlag. izena eta izenlagunaiz./izond. izena eta izenondoaizlag. izenlagunaizond. izenondoaizord. izenordainajunt. juntagailuaKim. kimikaKir. kirolaKont. kontabilitateaLit. literaturaLog. logikalok. lokailuaMar. marrazketaMat. matematikaMeatz. meatzaritzaMed. medikuntzamend. menderagailuaMeteorol. meteorologiaMetr. metrikaMikol. mikologiaMil. arlo militarraMiner. mineralogiaMit. mitologiaMus. musikaNekaz. nekazaritzaonom. onomatopeiaord. zenbaki ordinalapartik. partikulaPedag. pedagogiaPint. pinturaPol. politikapostp. postposizioaPsikiat. psikiatriaPsikol. psikologiaTaurom. tauromakiaTeknol. teknologiaTelekom. telekomunikazioakzaio ad. zaio aditzazenbtz. orok. zenbatzaile orokorrazenbtz. zehazt. zenbatzaile zehaztuazenbtz. zehaztgb. zenbatzaile zehaztu-

gabeaZin. zinemaZool. zoologiaZuz. zuzenbidea

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a. interj. oh, aha. A, nik ez nekien hori!: oh, Ididn't know that!

ababor. iz. port. Ababorrean: on the portside. Lema 10 gradu ababorrera okertu!: turn10 degrees to port!

abade. iz. 1. abbot. 2. priest. � abade-etxe.1. abbey. 2. house of the priest.

abadetar. adj. clerical.abadia. iz. abbey.abagune. iz. opportunity; chance. Abagu-

neari onura atera: to make the most of theopportunity.

abaila. iz. speed; impetus.abaildu, abail, abailtzen. du ad. 1. to tire,

to fatigue, to exhaust, to wear sb out. � daad. 2. to become exhausted, to wearoneself out; to become dejected.3. [zuhaitza, adarra] to overburden (usuallypassive); to weigh down.

abaildura. iz. exhaustion, fatigue, tiredness.abakando. iz. lobster.abako. iz. abacus.abandonatu, abandona, abandonatzen.

du ad. h. alde bat(era) utzi, bertan beherautzi, laga, utzi. to leave [a place]; to giveup [one's job, studies]; to desert, toabandon [one's family].

abangoardia. iz. 1. (Mil.) vanguard.2. [artea, literatura] avant-garde.

abantaila. iz. advantage; benefit. Abantailazjokatu: to have an advantage. � abantailaeraman. to overtake, to pass, to be/getahead of sb.

abantailatsu. izond. advantageous, benefi-cial.

abantzatu, abantza, abantzatzen. da/duad. h. aitzinatu, aurreratu. to advance; toprogress; to go forward.

abar. iz. 1. little branch. 2. (pl.) firewood.abaraska. iz. honeycomb, comb.

abarka. iz. a kind of laced shoe or sandalmade of leather or rubber, used in theBasque Country. Originally used byfarmers, nowadays it is mainly worn byBasque folk dancers.

abarkadun. adj./iz. peasant, farm labourer.abarketa. iz. espadrille.abata. iz. decoy.abatz. iz. hub. � abatz-estalki. hubcap.abdikatu, abdika, abdikatzen. du ad. to

abdicate [the throne].abdikazio. iz. abdication.abdomen. iz. abdomen.abdominal. iz./izond. abdominal.abegi. iz. welcome; reception.abegitsu. izond. welcoming, hospitable.abelazkuntza. iz. livestock rearing/raising,

cattle rearing/raising, stock breeding.abelbide. iz. cattle track/trail.abelburu. iz. head. Ehun abelburu: 100 head

of cattle.abeletxe. iz. 1. [ukuilua] stable, barn.

2. [etxaldea] farm.abelgorri. iz. cattle.abeltegi. iz. 1. [ukuilua] stable, barn.

2. [etxaldea] farm.abeltzain. iz. cattle farmer; [gizonezkoa]

herdsman, stockbreeder.abeltzaintza. iz. stock breeding.abemaria. iz. Hail Mary.abendu. iz. 1. December. 2. (Erl.) Advent.abentura. iz. adventure. Tom Sawyer-en

abenturak: The Adventures of Tom Sawyer.abenturazale. iz. 1. adventurer. � izond.

2. adventurous.aberasbide. iz. way to become

rich/wealthy.aberasgarri. izond. enriching, making

rich/richer. Aberasgarri gertatu da hizkun-tzarentzat: it has enriched the language.

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aberastasun. iz. 1. richness; luxury. Aberas-tasunean bizi: to live in luxury. 2. (pl.)wealth; property. Aberastasunen banaketaEuropan: the distribution of wealth inEurope.

aberastu, aberats/aberastu, aberasten.da ad. 1. to get/become rich; to amass, toaccumulate, to make [a fortune]; toprosper. Ameriketara joan, eta han aberastuegin zen: he went to America, where heamassed a fortune. � du ad. 2. to enrich; tomake rich/wealthy, to make a fortune.Bere estatusaz baliatu zen bere burua aberas-teko: she used her position to make afortune. 3. (Fis./Kim.) to enrich. Bitaminazaberastu: to enrich with vitamins. Uranioaberastua: enriched uranium.

aberats. iz. 1. (pl.) the rich/wealthy; (pl.)rich/wealthy people; rich/wealthyperson. � izond. 2. rich, wealthy; well-off.Oso familia aberatsa da: they are a very richfamily. 3. rich; [lurra] rich, fertile. Hiztegiaberatsa: a rich vocabulary. Proteinetanaberatsa: rich in proteins.

abere. iz. 1. livestock, domestic animal.Abereei jatekoa eman: to feed the animals.Abere etxetiarrak: domestic animals.2. animal. Abere basa: wild animal. � aberelarri. cattle; horse; mule. �� abere xehe.sheep; goat. �� etxe-abere. domesticanimal. Basapiztiak eta etxe-abereak: wildand domestic animals.

aberekeria. iz. brutality.abereki. iz. 1. animal, beast; brute/brutal

person. � izond. 2. brutish, brutal,violent.

aberetiar. izond. animal; brutish, brute.aberetu, abere(tu), aberetzen. da ad. 1. to

become brutalized/brutish. Gizonakaberetu egin dira: men have become bruta-lized. � du ad. 2. to brutalize.

aberia. iz. 1. damage; harm. Salgaien aberiaketa kalteak: damage to goods. 2. h.matxura. [autoak, makinak] breakdown;fault; failure. Argindarraren aberia: a powerfailure.

aberkide. iz. compatriot; [gizonezkoa]countryman; [emakumezkoa] country-woman.

aberri. iz. native nation; homeland, nativeland, native country, fatherland, mothercountry. � Aberri-egun. day of theBasque Fatherland.

aberrigabe. iz. stateless.

aberriratu, aberrira, aberriratzen. du ad.1. to repatriate; to send home. � da ad.2. to be repatriated; to return home.

abertzale. iz. 1. patriot; nationalist. � izond.2. patriotic; nationalist.

abertzaletasun. iz. patriotism; nationa-lism. Eskoziarren abertzaletasuna: Scottishnationalism.

abesbatza. iz. choir; choral society.abeslari. iz. 1. singer. � izond. 2. singing.abestalde. iz. choir.abesti. iz. 1. song. Folk abestia: a folk song.

Hotsandiko abestia: a famous song.2. [txoriena] song, birdsong.

abestu, abes, abesten. du ad. to sing.abiaburu. iz. starting point, point of

departure.abiada. iz. 1. speed. 2. (hed.) rhythm;

speed; course. Gauzen abiada: speed ofevents. � abiada hartu. to speed up.

abiadura. iz. speed. 60 milia orduko abiadura:a speed of 60 mph. Abiadura-muga: speedlimit. � abiadura-kaxa. gearbox. �� abia-dura-neurgailu. speedometer; speedo.

abian. adb. starting; about (to); at/on thepoint of, on the verge of. � abianjarri/ipini. to start.

abiapuntu. iz. starting point, point ofdeparture.

abiarazi, abiaraz, abiarazten. du ad. tostart; to begin.

abiarazle. iz. 1. initiator; starter. � izond.2. driving; driver.

abiatu, abia, abiatzen. da ad. 1. to leave; todepart. 4:00etan abiatuko gara: we'releaving at four o'clock. Noiz abiatuko datrena?: what time is the train leaving? 2. tostart, to begin. Lanean abiatu: to start work.

abiazio. iz. aviation.abil. izond. (herr.) skilful (Br); skillful (Am);

skilled.abilezia. iz. skill.abio. iz. 1. (Ipar.) leaving, exit, departure;

farewell. Abio lazgarria: sad farewell.2. start; starting. 3. [gailua] start; starter.Abio-motorra: starter motor.

abioi. iz. h. aireko, hegazkin. plane; aero-plane (Br); airplane (Am).

abisal. izond. abyssal.abisatu, abisa, abisatzen. dio ad. to notify,

to let sb know; to advise, to inform; to tell,to warn. Zergatik ez zenidan abisatu?: whydidn't you let me know? Abisatu gabe eginzuen: he did it without warning.

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abuztu. iz. August.abzisa. iz. abscissa; x-coordinate. Abzisa-

ardatza: x-axis.accesit. iz. consolation/second prize.ace. iz. (Kir.) ace.adabaki. iz. patch.adabatu, adaba, adabatzen. du ad. to

patch, to mend.adabegi. iz. knot [in wood].adaburu. iz. treetop.adaje. iz. horns; [oreinek] antlers.adakera. iz. 1. horns; [oreinek] antlers.

2. [zuhaitzek] branches.adaki. iz. stick.adar. iz. 1. [zezena, aharia] horn; [oreina]

antler. 2. [zuhaitza] branch. 3. (hed.)branch; section. 4. [oinetakoak] shoehorn.5. [musika-tresna] horn [animal's horn usedas wind instrument]. 6. [ibaia] tributary. �adarra jo. to pull sb's leg; to make a jokeof sth, to joke. �� adarrak jarri/ipini. (lgart.)to be unfaithful to sb; to cheat (on sb); tocuckold sb.

adarbakar. iz. unicorn.adarbakoitz. iz. unicorn.adardun. adj. 1. horned. 2. having

branches.adarjotzaile. iz. 1. joker. � izond. 2. fond of

jokes/joking.adarjotze. iz. leg-pull, joke; [ezatsegina]

hoax.adarkada. iz. goring; butt.adarkadura. iz. branch; branching.adarkatu, adarka(tu), adarkatzen. du

ad. 1. [animaliak] to gore; to butt. � da ad.2. [zuhaitza] to ramify, to branch. 3. [bidea,ibaia] to fork, to branch; to branch off.

adarkatze. iz. [zuhaitza] branching, ramifi-cation; [bidea, ibaia] fork; junction.

adartsu. izond. having many branches;luxuriant, lush; leafy.

adarzabal. izond. 1. having wide horns. �iz. 2. (Zool.) fallow deer.

adasdun. adj. long-haired.adats. iz. (long) hair.adausi. iz. bark. � adausi egin. to bark.adaxka. iz. 1. small branch. 2. [txirikorda]

plait (Br); braid (Am).adberbio. iz. adverb.adbertsatibo. izond. (Hizkl.) adversative.adei. iz. deference, courtesy, respect; poli-

teness.adeitasun. iz. deference, courtesy, respect;

politeness. � adeitasunez. (gutunaren

abisu. iz. 1. warning; advice. Bonba-abisua:bomb warning. 2. notification; notice;announcement; message. Abisu bat zegoentaulan: there was a notice on the board.Abisua hartu: to receive a message. �

legezko abisu. edict; proclamation.abitu. iz. habit. Abitua hartu: to take the veil;

to take holy orders.abizen. iz. surname; family name, last

name.abokatu. iz. lawyer; barrister; advocate.abokatutza. iz. legal profession.abonamendu. iz. season ticket. Jaialdirako

abonamendua: season ticket for the festival.1 abonatu, abona, abonatzen. du ad.

(Ekon.) to credit.2 abonatu. iz. h. harpidedun. subscriber.abordatu, aborda, abordatzen. du ad.

(Itsas.) 1. [talka egin] to ram. 2. [eraso] toboard.

aborigen. iz. 1. (batez ere pl.) aborigine. �izond. 2. aboriginal.

abortatu, aborta, abortatzen. du ad. toabort, to have an abortion; [ez eragina] tomiscarry, to have a miscarriage.

abortu. iz. abortion.abrikot. iz. apricot.abrikotondo. iz. apricot tree.absenta. iz. absinth(e).absentismo. iz. absenteeism.abside. iz. apse.absolbitu, absolbi, absolbitzen. du ad.

1. (Erl.) to absolve. 2. (Zuz.) to acquit.absolutu. izond. absolute. Tenperatura abso-

lutua: absolute temperature.absoluzio. iz. 1. (Erl.) absolution. 2. (Zuz.)

acquittal.absorbatu, absorba, absorbatzen. du ad.

(Fis.) to absorb.absorbatzaile. izond. absorbent.absortzio. iz. (Fis.) absorption.abstenitu, absteni, abstenitzen. da ad.

(Pol.) to abstain.abstentzio. iz. abstention.abstinentzia. iz. abstinence.abstraktu. izond. abstract. Arte abstraktua:

abstract art.abstrakzio. iz. abstraction.absurdo. iz. absurdity.aburu. iz. 1. [iritzia] opinion, view. 2. [ustea]

guess, conjecture.abusatu, abusa, abusatzen. du ad. to

abuse.abusu. iz. abuse.

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hasieran Dear Sir, Dear Madam) Yoursfaithfully; (gutunaren hasieran hartzai-learen izena) Yours sincerely, Sincerely(yours).

adeitsu. izond. polite; kind.adi. adb. attentively; paying attention, with

attention. � adi egon. to pay attention; tolisten carefully. Adi egon, mesedez, nikdiodana entzuten: please pay attention towhat I am saying.

adia. iz. moan, groan. � adia egin. to moan,to groan.

adiakatu, adiaka, adiakatzen. da ad. tomoan, to groan.

adibide. iz. example. � adibidez. forexample/instance.

adiera. iz. meaning, sense. Irudizko adiera:figurative meaning. Adiera hertsian: in thestrictest sense. Adierak bereiztea: distin-guishing meanings.

adierazgarri. iz. 1. sign, indication. Honda-menaren adierazgarriak: the signs of a catas-trophe. � izond. 2. significant, meaningful;eloquent. Adibide adierazgarria: eloquentexample.

1 adierazi, adieraz, adierazten. du ad. tostate, to declare; to convey, to communi-cate; to express; to explain; to enunciate;to mean. Duen poza adierazi du: she hasexpressed her joy. Zerbait hitzez adierazi: toput sth into words. Bere sentimenduak adie-razi zituen: he enunciated his feelings.

2 adierazi. iz. meaning.adierazkaitz. izond. inexplicable.adierazkor. izond. expressive; affectionate.adierazle. iz. 1. sign, indication; indicator;

index. Adierazle ekonomikoak: economicindicators. 2. indicator; gauge; gage.Presio-adierazlea: pressure gauge.3. (Hizkl.) [adierazi-ri kontrajarria] signifi-cant.

adierazpen. iz. 1. expression. Adierazpen-askatasuna: freedom of expression.2. declaration; statement. Prentsarenaurreko adierazpenak: press statements.Errentaren adierazpena: income tax return.

adierazpide. iz. expression; representation.Hizkuntza bidezko adierazpidea: languageexpression.

adierraz. izond. comprehensible.adiezin. izond. incomprehensible.adigai. iz. notion; idea.adigaitz. izond. incomprehensible, unintel-

ligible.

adigalkor. izond. absent-minded; inatten-tive. Ikasle adigalkorra: an absent-mindedpupil.

adigarri. iz. 1. explanation. Adigarririk ezduten gertaerak: inexplicable events. �

izond. 2. intelligible; clear.adikor. izond. kind, gentle, friendly;

understanding, sympathetic.adimen. iz. mind, intellect; intelligence;

reason; understanding. Adimen ernekoemakumea: a woman with a sharp mind.Adimen laburrekoa: of limited intelligence.Adimen urrikoa: mentally deficient.Adimena argitu: to illuminate one's mind.� adimen-urritasun. mental deficiency.

adimendu. iz. h. adimen. mind; intelli-gence.

adimendun. adj. 1. intelligent; capable ofreason. Gizakia adimenduna da: the humanbeing is capable of reason. 2. intelligent.Sistema adimendunak: intelligent systems.

adimengabe. izond. mindless, senseless;lacking (common) sense. Mutil zoroadimengabea: a mad foolish boy.

adimentsu. adj. intelligent.adin. iz. age. � adinez nagusi. (of) legal

age; adult, grown-up. Adinez nagusia izan:to be of age, to be adult. �� adinez txiki.minor (person). �� adin-nagusitasun. majo-rity; coming of age; adult age. �� adin-txikitasun. minority.

adina. partik. (zenbakaitzekin) as much...as; (zenbakarriekin) as many... as. Ahaladina diru: as much money as possible.Zuk adina liburu ditut nik: I have as manybooks as you. Zuk adina urte ditut: I'm asold as you are.

adinbat. partik. (zenbakaitzekin) as much...as; (zenbakarriekin) as many... as. Beharadinbat langile: as many workers as needed.

adindu, adin(du), adintzen. da ad. to age,to become older.

adindun. adj. 1. aged, elderly. Nire izebaadinduna: my elderly aunt. � iz. 2. (pl.)[adinekoak] the aged, the elderly. � adj./iz.3. [adinez nagusia] (of) legal age, age ofmajority; adult, grown-up.

adineko. izlag. elderly, aged; (pl.) theelderly, the aged. Adinekoen populazioagorantz doa: the population of elderlypeople is growing. Adineko emakumea da:she is an elderly woman.

adingabe. iz./izond. minor (person); theperson who is under age. Adingabeen

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aditzaile. � aditzaile onari, hitz gutxi. aword to the wise man is enough/suffi-cient.

aditze. iz. hearing; listening. Bi aditze-motadaude: there are two ways of listening. �aditzera eman. to announce; to introduce;to present. �� -en aditzea izan. to haveheard.

aditzondo. iz. adverb.adizkera. iz. (Hizkl.) verb/verbal form.adizki. iz. verb/verbal form.adizlagun. iz. adverb.adjektibo. iz. adjective.adjudikatu, adjudika, adjudikatzen. du

ad. 1. to assign; [saria, beka, kontratua] toaward; [dirua, baliabideak] to allocate;[saria, garaipena] to win. 2. [enkantean] toknock down; to sell.

adjudikazio. iz. [saria, beka, kontratua]award; [baliabideak] allocation; [enkantean]sale; assignment.

administrari. iz. clerk; administrative.Bulegoko administraria: a clerk. Administrarilaguntzailea: administrative assistant.

administratibo. izond. administrative. Hiri-buru administratiboa: administrative city.

administratu, administra, administra-tzen. du ad. to administer (often passive);to manage.

administratzaile. iz. administrator;manager.

administrazio. iz. 1. [administratzea] admi-nistration; management; admin (inf).Enpresa-administrazioa: business adminis-tration, business management. 2. [era-kunde publikoak, gobernua] administration,Administration.

adobatu, adoba, adobatzen. du ad. tomarinate, to marinade.

adoptatu, adopta, adoptatzen. du ad. toadopt [children].

adopzio. iz. adoption [child].adoratu, adora, adoratzen. du ad. to

worship.adorazio. iz. worship; adoration.adore. iz. 1. encouragement; vigour, vigor;

energy. Adore eman: to encourage.2. courage, audacity, daring, boldness.Haren adoreak liluratuta utzi zituen denak:everyone marvelled at his courage. �

adore eman. to encourage, to hearten, tocheer up.

adoregabe. izond. 1. [ahula] lackingenergy/vigour/vitality; discouraged,

abusua: abuse of minors. 14 urtez azpikoadingabeak: the children under 14.

adingabeko. iz./izond. minor (person); theperson who is under age. Hiru adingabekoatxilotu dituzte: three minors have beenarrested. Adingabekoentzako filma: filmsuitable for all ages.

adingabetasun. iz. minority; state of beinga minor.

adinkide. izond. contemporary; being thesame age.

adintsu. izond. aged, elderly; old.adio. interj. 1. goodbye, bye, bye-bye; hello.

2. it's all over; that's that. � iz. 3. farewell.� adio(ak) egin/esan. to say goodbye.

adiskidantza. iz. friendship; affection.adiskide. iz. friend. Adiskide minak: close

friends.adiskidetasun. iz. friendship; affection.adiskidetsu. izond. pleasant, friendly;

affectionate; kind.adiskidetu, adiskide(tu), adiskidetzen.

du ad. 1. to reconcile. � da ad. 2. to bereconciled.

adiskidetze. iz. 1. [become friends] recon-ciliation. 2. [end disagreement] conciliation.Adiskidetzeko ekitaldia: act of conciliation.

aditasun. iz. attention; interest. Aditasunaerakarri: to catch sb's attention. Aditasunezbegiratu zion: she looked at him attenti-vely.

1 aditu, adi, aditzen. du ad. 1. to hear (notused in the progressive tenses); to listen(to). Musika aditu: to listen to music. Aditu!zer izan da zarata hori?: listen! what's thatnoise? 2. to understand; to get (inf).Euskara aditzen ez dutenak: those who donot understand Basque. Oker aditu du: hehas misheard you/sth. 3. [usaina] to smell.Erre-usaina aditu dut: I can smell burning.� dio ad. 4. [norbaiti] to hear (not used inthe progressive tenses). Ez dizut aditzen;ozenago hitz egin: I can't hear you; pleasespeak up. � elkar aditu. to agree, to reachan agreement. �� ez aditu/adituarena egin.to pretend not to hear, to turn a deaf ear tosb/sth. Esamesei ez adituarena egin zien: heturned a deaf ear to the rumours.

2 aditu. iz./izond. expert; [artean, janarian]connoisseur. Adituen iritzia: expertopinion. Ingeniari aditua: an expertengineer.

aditz. iz. verb. Aditz-erroa: verb root. �

aditz-joko. conjugation.

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disheartened; weak. 2. [koldarra] coward,cowardly.

adoregabetu, adoregabe(tu), adorega-betzen. du ad. 1. to discourage, todishearten. � da ad. 2. to be discour-aged/disheartened, to lose heart.

adoretsu. izond. 1. [kementsua] vigorous,energetic, spirited. 2. [ausarta] cour-ageous, brave, audacious, daring, bold.

adoretu, adore(tu), adoretzen. da/du ad.1. to encourage, to hearten, to cheer up, tobrighten (up), to cheer sb on; to spur; tofeel encouraged. Jokalariak adoretu: toencourage the players. Berri haiek entzunikadoretu zen mutila: when the boy heard thenews he cheered up. � da ad. 2. to becomecourageous/brave/audacious.

ados. � ados izan/egon/jarri. to agree, tocome to an agreement, to reach an agree-ment. Ados naiz zurekin: I agree with you.

adostasun. iz. agreement, compromise.adostu, ados(tu), adosten. da ad.

1. [jokoan, lehiaketan] to draw, to tie. 2. toagree, to reach an agreement. Ezin garaadostu: we can't reach an agreement.

adreilu. iz. brick.adrenalina. iz. adrenaline.adriatiko. izond. Adriatic. � (Itsaso) Adria-

tikoa. iz. the Adriatic Sea.aduana. iz. customs. EBko herrialdeetakoak ez

diren bidaiariek aduana pasatu behar dute:non-EU travellers have to pass throughcustoms.

aduanazain. iz. customs officer.adulterio. iz. adultery.adulteriogile. iz. 1. adulterer. � izond.

2. adulterous.1 adur. iz. spit. � adur-zapi. bib [babies].2 adur. iz. luck, fate, destiny. Adur onekoa:

fortunate, lucky.adurti. izond. 1. dribbling, drooling. Haur

adurtia: a dribbling child. � adb. 2. captiv-ated; delighted, enchanted; fawning.

AEB (Ameriketako Estatu Batuak).USA (United States of America); US(United States).

aerobic. iz. aerobics.aerodinamika. iz. aerodynamics.aerodinamiko. izond. aerodynamic.aerodromo. iz. aerodrome.aeromodelismo. iz. aeromodelling, model

aircraft making.aeronautika. iz. aeronautics.aeronautiko. izond. aeronautic.

aerosol. iz. aerosol.afaldu, afal, afaltzen. du ad. to have

dinner/supper; to have sth fordinner/supper. Lapikoko ederra afaltzeko: ahearty stew for dinner.

afalondo. iz. time after dinner. Afalondoan:after dinner.

afalordu. iz. (bereziki noiz kasuan)dinner/supper time.

afari. iz. supper; dinner. Afari-legea: supper.Azken afaria: the Last Supper. Afari-merienda: tea.

afektibitate. iz. affectivity.afektu. iz. affection.afera. iz. business; task.afiliazio. iz. affiliation.afinitate. iz. (Kim./Mat.) affinity.afixa. iz. poster. Afixak jartzea galarazita

dago: bill posters will be prosecuted.afonia. iz. hoarseness. Afonia izan: to be

hoarse.afoniko. izond. hoarse.aforismo. iz. aphorism.Afrika. Africa.afrikar. adj./iz. African.afrodisiako. iz./izond. aphrodisiac.agenda. iz. diary (Br); datebook (Am).agente. iz. agent. Aseguru-agentea: an insu-

rance agent. Agente patogenoa: pathogenicagent.

agentzia. iz. agency.ageri. izond. clear; manifest; obvious,

evident. � ageri izan. da ad. to turn up; toappear. Ez da inon ageri: it hasn't turned upanywhere. �� agerian. uncovered, open,clear; openly; clearly. Agerian da: it can beseen; it's not covered.

ageriko. izlag. 1. clear; manifest; naked;visible, obvious, evident. Ageriko erasoa:naked aggression. Ageriko zeinua: visiblesign. 2. [finantzetan] (at) sight, (on) sight.Ageriko letra: sight bill of exchange.

agerkari. iz. publication.agerkunde. iz. 1. apparition. Ama Birjinaren

agerkundea: the apparition of the VirginMary. 2. (maiusk.) Epiphany.

agerpen. iz. 1. expression; demonstration.Maitasun-agerpena: an expression of love.2. apparition; appearance.

agerraldi. iz. 1. show, display; sign. 2. [erita-suna] sign, symptom. 3. apparition. Fati-mako agerraldiak: apparitions in Fatima.4. publication; edition. 5. [antzezlan-atala]scene.

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agirakatu, agiraka(tu), agirakatzen. duad. h. agiraka egin. to scold, to rebuke.

agiri. iz. document; declaration; statement.Agiri hori iraungirik dago: that documenthas expired.

agiritegi. iz. archive(s). Katedraleko agiri-tegia: the cathedral archives.

agizko. adb. normally; usually.aglutinatu, aglutina, aglutinatzen. du

ad. to agglutinate.agnostiko. iz./izond. agnostic.agonia. iz. agony; death throes.agor. izond. 1. [iturria, ibaia] dried, dry.

2. (hed.) [hitzetan] of few words.3. [pertsona, landarea] infertile; sterile.

agorraldi. iz. drought.agorrezin. izond. inexhaustible.agorte. iz. drought.agortu, agor(tu), agortzen. da/du ad. 1. to

dry; to dry up. 2. to run out (of sth);[salgaiak] to sell out; [epea, denbora] expire,to run out. Liburu hori agortuta dago: thatbook has sold out.

agot. iz. agote, cagot.agresibitate. iz. aggressiveness.agronomia. iz. agronomy.agronomo. iz. agronomist.aguardient. iz. alcoholic drink which is

obtained by distilling wine or any otheralcoholic substance.agudo. izond. 1. skilled; skilful. � adb.

2. fast, quickly, rapidly, swiftly.agur. interj. 1. hello, hullo, hallo, hi; good

morning, good afternoon, good evening.Jaun-andereok, agur: Ladies and gen-tlemen! 2. goodbye, bye-bye, bye. Agur,banoa: goodbye, I'm off. 3. [akabo] it's allover; good-bye. Gauzak aldatzen ez badira,agur zure pribilegioak!: if things don'tchange you'll have to say goodbye to yourprivileges! � iz. 4. greeting. Agur-hitzak:words of greeting. 5. farewell. Agur-afaria:farewell dinner. � agur egin. 1. to sayhello, to greet; [eskuaz, besoaz] to wave; towelcome. 2. to say goodbye; [geltokian,aireportuan] to see sb off. �� agur esan. 1. tosay hello, to greet. 2. to say goodbye;[geltokian, aireportuan] to see sb off. �� agurt'erdi. 1. hello. Agur t'erdi, ongi etorri!:hello everybody! welcome! 2. [gutun-hasieran] Dear Sir/Madam; Dear + name.3. [gutun-amaieran] Yours sincerely; Yoursfaithfully.

agure. iz. elderly man, aged man, old man.

agertoki. iz. stage.agertu, ager, agertzen. da ad. 1. to

appear. Jendaurrean agertu: to appear inpublic. 2. to turn up, to be found. Ezkezkatu gutunaz! agertuko da, ziur nago:don't worry about the letter! I'm sure it'llturn up. 3. to appear; to turn up. Epai-learen aurrean agertu: to appear before thejudge. � du ad. 4. to express, to state, todeclare. Iritzia agertu: to express anopinion.

agian. adb. 1. perhaps, maybe. Agian etorrikoda eta agian ez: maybe he'll come, maybehe won't. Agian trena huts egin du: he mayhave missed his train. � interj. 2. I wish; Ihope (so). Agian jinen da!: I hope she willcome!

1 agindu, agin, agintzen. du ad. 1. toorder, to give an order, to command. Isil-tzeko agindu: to order sb to be silent. 2. tocommision. Agindutako lana: the work thatwas/has been commissioned. 3. topromise. Agindu nizun ala?: did I promiseyou or something? Agindua zor: a promiseis a promise.

2 agindu. iz. order, command. Aginduakbete: to obey orders.

agindupeko. iz. 1. subject; servant. � izlag.2. someone who is under sb's command.Printzearen agindupeko soldaduak: thesoldiers under the command of theprince.

aginpide. iz. authority, power; mandate.agintaldi. iz. mandate [period of time].agintari. iz. authority; leader; ruler; agent.

Osasun-agintariak: health authorities.Agintari politikoa: a political leader.

agintaritza. iz. authority, power.aginte. iz. 1. authority, power; command.

2. commandment; order, command. Jain-koaren Hamar Aginteak: the Ten Command-ments. 3. control. Urrutiko agintea; urru-neko agintea: remote control.

agintera. iz. 1. way of governing/ruling.2. (Hizkl.) imperative.

agintzaile. iz. 1. authority; ruler; leader.2. the person who promises sth. Agintzailezintzoa da: she's faithful to her promises. �izond. 3. bossy.

agintzari. iz. promise.agiraka. iz. 1. reprimand; telling-off. � adb.

2. reprimanding; scolding, telling sb off. �agiraka egin. to reprimand, to scold, torebuke; to tell sb off (inf).

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aguretu, agure(tu), aguretzen. da ad. tobecome elderly/old; to age; to grow old[referring to men].

agurgarri. izond. respectable, venerable.agurmaria. iz. Hail Mary.agurtu, agur(tu), agurtzen. du ad. 1. to

say hello, to greet; [eskuaz, besoaz] to wave;to welcome. 2. [antzeztokian] to takea/your bow. 3. to say goodbye; [geltokian,aireportuan] to see sb off.

ahabia. iz. blueberry.ahaide. iz. 1. relative, relation. Ahaide

hurbilak: close relatives. 2. (hed.) relative;related. Euskarak ez du ahaiderik: Basque isnot related to any other language.

ahaidego. iz. relationship, kinship.ahaideria. iz. relations, relatives; clan.ahaidetasun. iz. 1. relationship, kinship.

Ahaidetasun-maila: degree of kinship.2. (hed.) relationship. Latinaren etagrekoaren arteko ahaidetasuna: relationshipbetween Latin and Greek.

ahaidetu, ahaide(tu), ahaidetzen. da/duad. to become related. Ezkontzaz ahaidetu:to become related by marriage.

ahaika. iz. provocation; instigation.ahal. iz. 1. power, authority. Erabakitzeko

ahala: power of decision. 2. power, might,strength, energy. Geure ahal guztiazmaitatu: to love with all our might. �

partik. 3. I wish; if only; I hope (so).Etorriko ahal da!: I wish he would come!; ifonly he would come!

ahal izan, ahal izan, ahal izaten. (geroal-diko formak ahalko bidez ere osa daitezke)da/du ad. to be able; can. Asko gustatukolitzaioke pianoa jo ahal izatea: she'd love tobe able to play the piano. Ahal badu,etorriko da: he'll come if he can. Joan ahal da:he can go. Ahal denean: when it's possible.Ahal den neurrian: as far as possible. Irratiapiztu albisteak entzun ahal izateko: switchthe radio on in order to listen to the news.� ahal adina/beste/bezainbat. as much aspossible; as many as possible. Ahal adinadiru: as much money as possible. Ahalbezainbat disko erosi: to buy as many CDsas possible. �� ahalik (eta)... -en(a). as... aspossible, as... as you can; superlative ofadjectives or adverbs. Ahalik eta azkarrenetorri: come as soon as possible. Zerbaitiahalik eta probetxu handiena atera: to makethe most of sth. Ahalik eta merkeena: thecheapest.

ahalbide. iz. chance; recourse; possibility.ahaldun. adj./iz. 1. powerful, mighty. � iz.

2. agent, representative. 3. [Diputazioa,Batzar Nagusiak] deputy.

ahaldundu, ahaldun(du), ahalduntzen.du ad. to authorize, to empower.

ahalegin. iz. (batez ere pl.) effort; endeav-our (Br); endeavor (Am); determination;intent. Alferrikako ahalegina da: it's a wasteof effort. � ahalegina(k) egin. to make aneffort; to endeavour (Br); to endeavor(Am); to exert oneself.

ahalegindu, ahalegin(du), ahalegin-tzen. da ad. to make an effort; to endeav-our (Br); to endeavor (Am); to attempt, totry.

ahalezko. izlag. possible.ahalguztidun. adj. almighty, omnipotent.

Jainko ahalguztiduna: an omnipotent God.ahalke. iz. 1. shame. 2. fear, dread. �

ahalke izan. to be ashamed; to be emba-rrassed.

ahalkegabe. iz./izond. shameless,unashamed; insolent, rude; cheeky; bold(Am).

ahalkegabetu, ahalkegabe(tu), ahalke-gabetzen. da/du ad. to become insolent; tobecome rude; to become cheeky.

ahalkegarri. izond. shameful, disgraceful.ahalkeizun. iz. shame; disgrace.ahalketi. izond. shy, timid; bashful (Am).ahalketu, ahalke(tu), ahalketzen. da ad.

1. [lotsatuta sentitu] to be ashamed (of). �du ad. 2. [lotsa sentiarazi] to shame; to makesb ashamed.

ahalmen. iz. 1. power; authority; capacity.2. (Fis.) capacity; power.

ahalorde. iz. proxy. Ahalordez ezkondu ziren:they married by proxy.

ahalordetu, ahalorde(tu), ahalorde-tzen. du ad. to empower, to authorize.

ahaltsu. iz./izond. powerful, influential;having the authority to do sth. Erregerikahaltsuena: the most powerful king.

ahamen. iz. mouthful; bite.ahantzezin. izond. unforgettable; memor-

able.ahantzi, ahantz, ahanzten. da/du ad. to

forget.ahanzkor. izond. forgetful, absent-minded.ahanzte. iz. oversight, omission.ahanztura. iz. forgetfulness, absent-

mindedness; forgetting.ahapaldi. iz. stanza, verse.

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ahogozatu, ahogoza, ahogozatzen. duad. to savour (Br); to savor (Am).

ahogozo. iz. 1. [listua] saliva, spit.2. [zaporea] taste; flavour (Br); flavor (Am).

ahokada. iz. 1. puff. Ke-ahokada: puff ofsmoke. 2. mouthful; bite.

ahokadura. iz. fitting, fit; interlocking.Ahokadura finkoa: close fit.

ahokatu, ahoka, ahokatzen. du ad. to fit;to interlock; to join. Teilak elkarri ahokatu: tofit the tiles together.

ahoko. iz. 1. [zaldiarena] bit. 2. [kolpea] apunch in the mouth. 3. [musika-tresnarena]mouthpiece.

aholkatu, aholka, aholkatzen. du ad.1. [aholkua eman] to advise, to counsel. 2. toexhort, to urge, to persuade.

aholku. iz. 1. advise, counsel. 2. exhort-ation. � aholku eman. to advise, tocounsel.

aholkulari. iz. adviser, advisor; counsellor(Br); counselor (Am); consultant; assessor.

aholkularitza. iz. 1. [saila, arloa] advisor-ship, assessorship, consultancy. 2. [bule-goa] adviser's office; consultant's office;consultancy.

ahomotel. izond. stuttering, stammering.ahosabai. iz. palate.ahoskabe. izond. (Hizkl.) voiceless,

unvoiced. Horzkari ahoskabea: voicelessdental. Kontsonante ahoskabeak: unvoicedconsonants.

ahoskatu, ahoska, ahoskatzen. du ad.[hotsak ahoz gauzatu] to articulate;[hizkuntza jakin batekoak] to pronounce.

ahoskera. iz. pronunciation.ahostun. izond. (Hizkl.) voiced. Fonema

ahostunak: voiced phonemes. Kontsonanteahostunak: voiced consonants.

ahots. iz. 1. voice. 2. singer. 3. (Mus.) voice.Lau ahotsetarako kanta: song for fourvoices. � ahots-korda. (batez ere pl.)vocal cords. �� ahots-musika. vocal music.

ahozabal. izond. boastful; talkative.ahozapi. iz. napkin, serviette.ahozikin. izond. foul-mouthed.ahozko. izlag. oral. Ahozko tradizioa: oral

tradition.ahuakate. iz. avocado, avocado pear.ahuakateondo. iz. avocado (tree).ahuku. iz. funeral procession.ahul. izond. 1. weak; [argia] feeble, dim;

[azalpena, aitzakia] flimsy; [haizea] light.Borondate ahula: weak will. 2. [janaria]

ahapeka. adb. whispering, secretly. Ahapekahitz egin: to whisper; to speak quietly.

ahapetik. adb. whispering, secretly.Ahapetik hitz egin: to whisper sth to sb.

ahardi. iz./izond. sow. Urde ahardia: a sow.ahari. iz. ram.aharra. iz. quarrel; argument; fight.aharrausi. iz. yawn. Aharrausi egin: to

yawn.ahate. iz. duck.ahazkor. izond. forgetful, absent-minded.ahazte. iz. oversight, omission.ahaztezin. izond. unforgettable; memor-

able.ahaztu, ahaztu, ahazten. da/du ad. 1. to

forget. Adiskideaz ahaztu zen: he forgot hisfriend. Ez dut sekula ahaztuko: I'll neverforget. � zaio ad. 2. to forget. Igerian ahaztuzait: I've forgotten how to swim.

ahi. iz. a type of gruel made by boiling flourwith water.

ahitu, ahi(tu), ahitzen. da/du ad. 1. [gauza]to run out; to run down; to sell out. Diruaahitu zitzaien, etxea eraiki baino lehen: theirmoney run out before the house wasfinished. 2. [pertsona] to exhaust, to wearout; to tire; to tire out. Sei orduko ibilaldiaeginda ahituta geratu ginen: the 6-hour walkexhausted us.

ahizpa. iz. sister [of a woman].ahizpaorde. iz. stepsister.ahizpatzako. iz. stepsister; adopted sister.aho. iz. 1. mouth. 2. [musika-tresnarena]

mouthpiece. 3. [ibaiarena] mouth. 4. [ka-noiarena] muzzle. 5. [ebakitze-tresnarena]edge. � aho-soinu. harmonica. � ahobatez. unanimously. Aho batez erabakizuten: they made a unanimous decision. ��aho zabalka. yawning. �� ahotanhartu/erabili. 1. [norbaiten izena] to takesb's name in vain, to use sb's name in vain.Ez duzu alferrik ahotan hartuko Jainkoarenizena: thou shalt not take the Name of theLord thy God in vain. 2. to criticize. �� ahozaho. going/making the rounds; being thesubject of gossip. �� ahoz behera. facedown. �� ahoz gora. face up.

ahobatezko. izlag. unanimous.ahobero. izond. boastful; talkative; exagger-

ated.ahoberokeria. iz. exaggerated statement;

exaggeration.ahogaizto. izond. defamatory; foul-

mouthed, slanderous.

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tasteless, insipid. � adb. 3. weak, faint.Ahul egon: to be weak.

ahulaldi. iz. weakness [period]; faint; black-out.

ahuldade. iz. weakness; feebleness; faint-ness; debility.

ahuldu, ahul(du), ahultzen. da/du ad. toweaken; to enfeeble.

ahuleria. iz. weakness; feebleness; faint-ness; debility.

ahulezia. iz. weakness; feebleness; faint-ness; debility.

ahulkeria. iz. weakness; feebleness; faint-ness; debility.

ahultasun. iz. weakness; feebleness; faint-ness; debility.

ahuntz. iz. goat. � ahuntzaren (gauerdiko)eztula. nothing important; (ez izanaditzaz) not to be sneezed/sniffed at.

ahuntzain. iz. goatherd.ahur. iz. 1. [eskukoa] palm. � izond.

2. concave.ahuspez. adb. face down.ahuspeztu, ahuspez(tu), ahuspezten. da

ad. to prostrate oneself; to kneel (down).ahutz. iz. (pl.) fauces, jaws.aienatu, aiena, aienatzen. du ad.

1. [uxatu] to frighten away/off, to chaseaway/off; to drive off; to see off. � da ad.2. [urrundu] to leave, to go away.

aiene. iz. moan, groan; lament.aieru. iz. conjecture; suspicion; supposition.aierukor. izond. suspicious; distrustful.aihen. iz. 1. (vine) shoot. 2. h. mahatsondo.

vine. � aihen-belar. climbing/trailingplant.

aiher. iz. 1. [joera] tendency, propensity,inclination. 2. [gorrotoa] hate, hatred;rancour (Br); rancor (Am); bitterness. �

aiher izan. da ad./zaio ad. 1. to long/yearnfor; to be eager for sth, to desire. � zaio ad.2. to hate.

aiherkunde. iz. hate, hatred; rancour (Br);rancor (Am).

aihertu, aiher(tu), aihertzen. da ad. 1. tobe inclined to, to tend to. Aihertzen naizerratera, ...: I am inclined to say that... �zaio ad. 2. to vent sth (on sb); to delight intormenting.

aihotz. iz. machete.ailegatu, ailega, ailegatzen. da ad. (herr.)

to arrive; to get.aingeru. iz. angel. � aingeru begira-

le/guardako/zaintzaile. guardian angel.

aingira. iz. eel.aingura. iz. anchor.ainguratu, aingura(tu), ainguratzen. du

ad. to anchor, to drop anchor.aintza. iz. glory.aintzagarri. izond. glorious; praiseworthy.aintzakotzat. � aintzakotzat hartu/edu-

ki/eman. to take sth into consideration; torely on.

aintzat. � aintzat hartu/eduki/eman. totake sth into consideration; to rely on.

aintzatsu. izond. glorious.aintzatu, aintza(tu), aintzatzen. du ad.

to glorify; to praise.aintzira. iz. lake.aipagarri. izond. noteworthy, signifiant,

important.aipamen. iz. mention; allusion.aipatu, aipa, aipatzen. du ad. to mention,

to refer to sb/sth, to cite sth. Aipatunizuna: what I mentioned to you. Aipatu-tako gaia: the matter referred to. Izena ezaipatzea: omission of the name.

aipu. iz. 1. mention; allusion. Aipu egin: tomention. 2. fame.

airatu, aira, airatzen. da/du ad. 1. to fly.2. to raise, to lift; to blow. Orbela airatu: toblow the dead leaves into the air. 3. toleave, to go away. Gazterik zen airatu: sheleft when she was young. � du ad.4. [aireztatu] to air, to air out, to air sthout.

airbag. iz. airbag.aire. iz. 1. air. 2. appearance; look; demea-

nour (Br); demeanor (Am). Abokatu-airea:lawyer's demeanour. 3. air, melody, tune.� aire girotu. air conditioning. Aire giro-tudun bulegoak: air-conditioned offices. ��

aire-bide. airway, flight path, air route. �airean. 1. (bidali, alde egin) to send sb v +-ing; to make sth move quickly; to turn sbout; to get away rapidly (from). 2. (eduki)(to keep) in suspense.

aireberritu, aireberri, aireberritzen.da/du ad. to air, to air out, to air sth out, toventilate.

aireko. iz. plane; aeroplane (Br); airplane(Am).

airelinea. iz. 1. [aire-bidea] airway, flightpath. 2. (pl.) [enpresa] airline. Brasilgo aire-lineak: Brazilian airlines.

aireontzi. iz. airship; spaceship.aireplano. iz. (zah.) aeroplane.aireportu. iz. airport.

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englis

h -

basque

preface_ie 16/8/07 16:25 Page I

IV

Guide to the Dictionary Entries

British and American forms

in the same entry

symbol to intro-duce a change in

the grammar ofthe word (mostly

verbs derivedfrom nouns)

pronunciation

headword

idiom

sub-headwords

semantic notes

numbered sensedivisions

part of speechname. /mdHl/ n. 1. izen. –What's yourname? –My name is Miren: –Nola duzuizena? –Nire izena Miren da. 2. [reputa-tion] izen, ospe, entzute. He has a bad name:izen txarra dauka. 3. [nickname] izengoiti,gaitzizen, ezizen. 4. [title] izen, izenburu.� assumed name. ezizen, izengoiti,goitizen. �� family name; last name.abizen, deitura. �� first name. izen, bataio-izen. �� full name. izen-abizenak, izen-dei-turak. �� maiden name. emakumearenezkondu aurreko abizena.� vt. 1. izena jarri, izena ipini. They namedher Ruth: Ruth ipini zioten izena. 2. [job,position] izendatu. She was named president:presidente izendatu zuten. 3. [identify]identifikatu; esan. The victim has not yetbeen named: oraindik ez dute biktimaidentifikatu. Name all the states of the USA:esan AEBetako estatu guztien izenak.4. [sum, time, place] finkatu, jarri, zehaztu.5. [mention] aipatu, esan. You name it, shemakes it: edozer esanda ere, egin egitendu.

eye. /`H/ n. 1. [part of body] begi. 2. [ability tosee] ikusmen. 3. [way of seeing] begi. She hasan eye for fresh talent: begi ona du talentuberriak aurkitzeko. 4. [of storm] begi. Theeye of a hurricane: urakanaren begia. 5. [of aneedle] begi. � turn a blind eye to sth. ezikusi/ikusia/ikusiarena egin.� vt. begiratu, behatu. He occasionally eyedmy cake: noizbehinka nire pastela begi-ratzen zuen.

favourable Br; favorable Am. /!edHu?q?ak/adj. aldeko; mesedegarri. Favourableresults: aldeko emaitzak.

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V

field label

symbol to intro-duce phrasal

verbs

headwords withsame spellingseparated by

different numbers

to direct the userto another entry,where additionalinformation canbe found

variant form of aheadword

irregular pluralsof nouns

irregular forms ofverbs

comparative andsuperlative formsof an adjective

symbol to intro-duce a change inpart of speech,meaning or usage

1 wind. /vHmc/ n. 1. haize. 2. (pl) [stomach,intestines] haize. 3. [breath] arnasa, hats.� vt. arnasa hartu ezinik utzi.

2 wind. /v`Hmc/ (pt & pp wound) vt.1. [rope] bildu, biribilkatu; [wool] harilkatu.2. [clock, watch] giltza eman. � vi. 3. sigi-saga egin, zeharka-meharka ibili/joan,bihurka ibili/joan, bihurgune asko izan.The path wound down to the beach: hondar-tzara zihoan bidea bihurgunetsua zen,bihurgune asko zituen.� wind down. 1. [car window] jaitsi, behe-ratu. 2. [business, activity] pixkanaka amai-tu, mantsoagotu. 3. [relax] lasaitu, baretu;atseden hartu.� wind up. 1. [activity] bukatu, amaitu;[business] itxi, amaitu. 2. [clock, watch] gil-tza eman. 3. [car window] igo. 4. (Br)[annoy] zirikatu, haserrarazi, berotu.5. [end up] amaitu, bukatu. He wound up inprison: azkenean kartzelan bukatu zuen.

big. /aHf/ (compar bigger, superl biggest)adj. 1. [large] handi, sekulako. 2. [older]handi, heldu. 3. [successful] handi, ezagun,ospetsu.

broadcast. /!aqN9cj@9rs/ (pt & pp broad-cast) vt. eman [programa]. They'll be broad-casting our radio programme tomorrow: biharemango dute gure irratsaioa.� adj. emankizun, saio; [of programmes]emisio.

shelf. /Rdke/ (pl shelves) n. apal, arasa,zapalda.

fryer. /!eq`H?'q(/ (also frier) n. frijigailu. �deep-fat fryer; deep fryer. frijigailu.

convulsion. /j?m!uUkRm/ n. (Med.) konbul-tsio, dardara.

February. /!edaqt?qh/ n. otsail. � December.

children. /!sRHkcq?m/ � child.

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VI

Abbreviations

adj. adjective

adv. adverb

Agr. agriculture

Am American English

Anat. anatomy

Archit. architecture

Art. art

Astron. astronomy

Auto. automobiles

Av. aviation

Biol. biology

Bot. botany

Br British English

Chem. chemistry

Comput. computing

conj. conjunction

Culin. culinary

def. art. definite article

det. determiner

Ecol. ecology

Econ. economics

Educ. education

Elect. electricity

excl. exclamation

Fin. finance

Geog. geography

Geol. geology

Hist. history

indef. art. indefinite article

Law law

Ling. linguistics

Lit. literature

Maths maths

Med. medicine

Meteo. meteorology

Mil. military

Min. mining

modal v. modal verb

Mus. music

n. noun

Naut. nautical

Phil. philosophy

Phys. physics

Pol. politics

prep. preposition

pron. pronoun

Psych. psychology

Relig. religion

Sport sport

Tec. technology

Telec. telecommunication

v. aux. auxiliary, auxiliary

verb

vi. intransitive verb

vt. transitive verb

Zool. zoology

preface_ie 16/8/07 16:25 Page VI

1 a. /dH/ n. (capitalized) 1. (Mus.) la.2. (Educ.) bikain.

2 a. /dH/ (before vowel sounds an) indef. art.1. -a, bat. I've bought a car: kotxe bat erosidut. An elegant woman: emakume dotorea.An hour; a whole hour: ordubete. 2. [withnumbers] ø. A thousand people: milapertsona. 3. [any; every] -a; -ik. A bicycle isa practical vehicle in the summer: bizikletaibilgailu praktikoa da udan. Have you got apen?: boligraforik baduzu? 4. [referring to agroup or profession] -a, bat. Is that a Picasso?:Picasso bat da hori? Are you a teacher?:irakaslea zara? 5. [used with quantities andprices] -a, -(e)ko, -(e)an. 2 euros a kilo: 2euro kiloa. 8 hours a day: eguneko 8 ordu.Twice a month: hilean bitan.

abacus. /!za?j?r/ n. abako.abandon. /?!azmc?m/ n. gehiegikeria,

neurrigabekeria.� vt. 1. (bakarrik) laga; abandonatu. Toabandon the child: umea bakarrik laga.2. utzi, bertan behera utzi. He abandonedthe studies: ikasketak utzi zituen.

abate. /?!adHs/ vi. 1. [storm, wind] baretu.2. [noise] gutxitu. I managed to abate thenoise: zarata gutxitzea lortu nuen. Thenoise has abated in the harbour: portukozarata gutxitu egin da. � vt. 3. [fury]lasaitu, baretu.

abattoir. /!za?sv@9'q(/ n. hiltegi.abbey. /!zah/ n. abade-etxe.abbot. /!za?s/ n. abade.abbreviate. /?!aqh9uhdHs/ vt. [names and

phrases] laburtu.abbreviation. /?$aqh9uh!dHRm/ n. laburdura.abdicate. /!zacHjdHs/ vi. abdikatu; erre-

getza/kargua utzi.abdication. /$zacH!jdHRm/ n. abdikazio.abdomen. /!zac?l?m/ n. abdomen; sabel.

abdominal. /za!cPlHmk/ adj. abdominal;sabeleko; sabel- (hitz-elkarteetan). Abdo-minal muscles: muskulu abdominalak.

abduct. /za!cUjs/ vt. bahitu. To abduct achild: umea bahitu.

aberration. /$za?!qdHRm/ n. aberrazio; itxu-ragabekeria.

abhor. /?a!gN9'q(/ vt. gaitzetsi, gorrotatu,arbuiatu.

abide. /?!a`Hc/ (pt & pp abided, abode) vt.jasan, eraman, pairatu. I can't abide injus-tice: injustizia ezin dut pairatu. ❏ abide bysth. konplitu, bete, jarraitu; men egin.You'll have to abide by the rules of the school:eskolako arauak bete beharko dituzu.

ability. /?!aHk?sh/ (pl -ies) n. ahalmen;gaitasun.

abject. /!zacYdjs/ adj. mespretxagarri,gorrotagarri; gorri, gordin. Abject poverty:txirotasun gordina.

ablaze. /?!akdHy/ adj. sutan.able. /!dHak/ adj. gai den(a), gauza den(a),

dakien(a); trebatu. To be able to speakFrench: frantsesez hitz egiten jakin.

abnormal. /za!mN9lk/ adj. ohiz kanpoko,ezohi(z)ko; ohi(z)koa ez den(a), normalaez den(a).

abode. /?!a?Tc/ n. 1. etxe, bizileku. � 2. �abide.

abolish. /?!aPkHR/ vt. ezeztatu, deuseztatu.This tax should be abolished: zerga hau ezez-tatu beharko lukete.

abolition. /$za?!kHRm/ n. deuseztatze, abolizio.abominable. /?!aPlHm?ak/ adj. gorrota-

garri, gogaikarri.aboriginal. /$za?!qHcY?mk/ adj. aborigen.aborigine. /$za?!qHcY?mh/ n. aborigen.abort. /?!aN9s/ vt. abortatu, hilaurtu.abortion. /?!aN9Rm/ n. abortu. To have an

abortion: abortatu, hilaurtu, umea galdu.

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abortive. /?!aN9sHu/ adj. huts/kale eginduen(a). An abortive attempt: huts eginduen saiakera.

abound. /?!a`Tmc/ vi. ugari/asko/gainezkaizan. Examples about that abound: horriburuzko adibideak asko dira.

about. /?!a`Ts/ prep. 1. -i buruz, -z, -engainean. What is it about?: zeren gaineanda? 2. -tik. To wander about the streets:kaletik ibili. � adv. 3. gutxi gorabehera;(only with numbers) inguru, (-en) bat. Atabout two o'clock: ordu biak inguruan.4. hemen/hor/han inguruan, hemen/hor/han nonbait. To leave things lyingabout: gauzak hor inguruan utzi. ❏ aboutto. abian, -t(z)eko zorian, -t(z)ear. I wasabout to go home: etxera joateko abiannintzen.

above. /?!aUu/ prep. 1. -tik gora, goiko,-en gainetik. The water reached above ourknees: ura belaunetik gora iritsizitzaigun. The flat above: goiko pisua.2. -tik gora, -en gainetik. Above 20degrees: 20 gradutik gora. 3. -en gainetik.She's not above the rest: ez dago besteengainetik. � adv. 4. gaineko, goiko; goitik.On the shelf above: goiko apalean. Seenfrom above: goitik ikusita. 5. -tik gorako.Increases of 12% and above: % 12tikgorako igoera. 6. gorago. See above: ikusgorago. ❏ above board. onest, zintzo,prestu.

abrasive. /?!aqdHrHu/ adj. [substance] urra-tzaile, urragarri.

abreast. /?!aqdrs/ adv. elkarren ondoan,batera. They were running two abreastthrough the park: korrika zebiltzan parkeanzehar biak batera.

abroad. /?!aqN9c/ adv. atzerrian. To beabroad: atzerrian egon.

abrupt. /?!aqUos/ adj. tupusteko, bat-bateko, ustekabeko. An abrupt change:ustekabeko aldaketa.

abscess. /!zar?r/ n. (Med.) zorne-zorro.absence. /!zar?mr/ n. ez egote/izate;

kanpoan izate/egote; aldentze. The deci-sion was made in my absence: erabakia nihan ez nintzela hartu zen.

absent. /!zar?ms/ adj. ez dagoen(a), etorriez den(a), joan ez den(a); kanpoan den(a);aldendu. He is absent from work: ez dalanera etorri.

absent-minded. adj. adigalkor. An absent-minded pupil: ikasle adigalkorra.

absolute. /!zar?kt9s/ adj. 1. erabateko,guztizko. Absolute certainty: erabatekoziurtasuna. 2. [no limited] absolutu. Abso-lute power: botere absolutua.

absolutely. /!zar?kt9skh/ adv. erabat,guztiz, zeharo. Absolutely fantastic: zeharozoragarria.

absolution. /$zar?!kt9Rm/ n. (Relig.) abso-luzio.

absorb. /?a!rN9a/ vt. 1. xurgatu. To absorbliquid: likidoa xurgatu. 2. hartu; kendu.This work absorbs all your attention: lanhonek arreta guztia kentzen dizu.3. (Phys.) absorbatu.

absorbent. /?a!rN9a?ms/ adj. absorbatzaile.absorption. /?a!rN9oRm/ n. xurgatze, absor-

tzio.abstain. /?a!rsdHm/ vi. 1. ez egin (dagokion

ekintza); -i uko egin, -tik begiratu; -t(z)eariutzi. 2. (Pol.) abstenitu.

abstemious. /?a!rsh9lh?r/ adj. neurridun,neurritsu; zuhur.

abstract. /!zarsqzjs/ n. 1. [summary]laburpen. � adj. 2. abstraktu.

absurd. /?a!r29c/ adj. zentzugabe, buru-gabe; aldrebes, barregarri. An absurd idea:ideia burugabea.

absurdity. /?a!r29cHsh/ (pl -ies) n. absurdo.abundance. /?!aUmc?mr/ n. ugaritasun,

oparotasun, joritasun.abundant. /?!aUmc?ms/ adj. ugari, oparo,

jori.abuse. /?!ait9r/ n. 1. [offensive remarks]

irain, laido, hoben. 2. [misuse] gehiegi-keria, neurrigabekeria. 3. [violent treat-ment] abusu.

abusive. /?!ait9rHu/ adj. 1. baldar, trauskil,zakar. An abusive person: pertsona zakarra.2. iraingarri, laidogarri. Abusive language:hizkera iraingarria.

abysmal. /?!aHyl?k/ adj. ezin txarrago, osotxar, penagarri. Abysmal manners: jokaeraezin txarragoa.

abyss. /?!aHr/ n. amildegi; zulo.acacia (tree). /?!jdHR?/ n. akazia.academic. /$zj?!cdlHj/ adj. 1. akademiko;

akademiaren; akademia- (hitz-elkar-teetan). Academic rules: arau akademikoak.2. [sb who studies a lot] ikastun. � n. 3. [at auniversity] akademiko; irakasle.

academy. /?!jzc?lh/ (pl -ies) n.akademia.

accelerate. /?j!rdk?qdHs/ vi. 1. azeleratu. Iaccelerated the car: autoa azeleratu nuen.

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diezaioke ostatu. 2. -i gustua egin, atsegineman. To accommodate the views of everyone:denei atsegin eman.

accommodating. /?!jPl?cdHsHM/ adj.atsegin, adeitsu.

accommodation. /?$jPl?!cdHRm/ n. ostatu.accompany. /?!jUlo?mh/ vt. -ekin batera

joan/bidali/aurkeztu; -i erantsi, -i gehitu;[with food] -ekin (batera) jan. The requestmust be accompanied by the identity card:eskaerarekin batera nortasun-agiriabidali behar da. To eat the steak accompa-nied by salad: azpizuna entsaladarekinbatera jan.

accomplice. /?!jUlokHr/ n. estalgile, estal-tzaile; gaizkide.

accomplish. /?!jUlokHR/ vt. [aim] lortu,erdietsi, -ra heldu/iritsi; [task] burutu,gauzatu.

accomplished. /?!jUlokHRs/ adj. trebe,aditu. An accomplished artist: artista trebea.

accomplishment. /?!jUlokHRl?ms/ n.lorpen, erdiespen.

accord. /?!jN9c/ n. akordio, adostasun. ❏

do sth on one's accord. norbere boron-datez zerbait egin.� vt. eman, onartu; aitortu. To accord greatimportance to food: elikadurari garrantzihandia eman.

accordance. /?!jN9cmr/ n. (in accordancewith) -en arabera.

according. /?!jN9cHM/ prep. (according to)1. [said by] -en arabera; -(e)nez; dioenez.According to Archimedes: Arkimedesenarabera...; Arkimedesek dioenez... 2. [de-pending on] -en arabera/baitan; ... ala...-(e)n. According to the weather: egural-diaren arabera.

accordingly. /?!jN9cHMkh/ adv. beraz, ondo-rioz, hortaz. He continued to have a headacheand accordingly he went to the doctor:buruko minarekin jarraitzen zuen, eta,beraz, medikuarengana joan zen.

accordion. /?!jN9ch?m/ n. akordeoi, esku-soinu, soinu.

accost. /?!jPrs/ vt. hurbildu; harrapatu. Tobe accosted by a stranger: ezezagun batekharrapatu.

account. /?!j`Tms/ n. 1. [at bank] kontu.2. [spoken] kontaketa, kontu; [written]txosten. ❏ accounts. (Econ.) kontuak. ❏ ofno account. hutsal, axolarik ez duen(a). ❘❘on no account. inola ere ez. ❘❘ take accountof sth. zerbait kontuan izan.

2. bizkortu, azkartu. To accelerate thegrowth: hazkuntza bizkortu.

acceleration. /?j$rdk?!qdHRm/ n. azelerazio,azeleratze.

accelerator. /?j!rdk?qdHs?'q(/ n. azelera-gailu.

accent. /!zjrdms/ n. azentu.accept. /?j!rdos/ vt. 1. onartu, onetsi. To

accept a job: lana onartu. 2. bereganatu(different depending on the person andnumber); onartu. I'm not prepared to acceptit: ez nago hori nireganatzeko prest.3. onartu, nork bere egin. To accept respon-sibilities: erantzukizunak onartu.

acceptable. /?j!rdos?ak/ adj. onargarri,onesgarri. Acceptable behaviour: jokaeraonargarria.

acceptance. /?j!rdos?mr/ n. 1. [of person]onarpen, onespen. 2. [of a work] onartze,onarpen; oniritzi. 3. [of responsibility]aitorpen.

access. /!zjrdr/ n. sarbide, sarrera, sartze.accessible. /?j!rdr?ak/ adj. 1. sartzen/es-

kuratzen erraz. An accessible area: sartzenerraza den gunea. 2. ulergarri, ulertzekomoduko. That film is not accessible for chil-dren: film hori ez da umeentzat ulergarria.

accessory. /?j!rdr?qh/ (pl -ies) adj. (usuallypl) 1. gehigarri, osagarri. Fashion accesso-ries: modako gehigarriak. 2. (Tec.) osa-garri. Car accessories: autoaren osagarriak.

accident. /!zjrHc?ms/ n. istripu, ezbehar. ❏industrial accident. lan-istripu.

accidental. /$zjrH!cdmsk/ adj. ustekabeko;halabeharrezko. An accidental meeting:ustekabeko topaketa.

accidentally. /$zjrH!cdms?kh/ adv. hala-beharrez, kasualitatez; ustekabean.

acclaim. /?!jkdHl/ n. goraipamen, gora-zarre, gorespen.� vt. goraipatu, goretsi. Universallyacclaimed: mundu osoan goraipatua.

acclimatize; acclimatise. /?!jk`Hl?s`Hy/vi. girotu, girora moldatu/egin. It'samazing how quickly you have acclimatizedyourself: harrigarria da zeinen arinmoldatu zaren girora. To acclimatize to anew environment: ingurune berriramoldatu.

accolade. /!zj?kdHc/ n. [praise] gorazarre,gorespen; [prize] sari.

accommodate. /?!jPl?cdHs/ vt. 1. ostatueman. The holiday cottage can accommodateten people: landetxeak hamar laguni eman

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accountable. /?!j`Tms?ak/ n. erantzule,arduradun.

accountancy. /?!j`Tms?mrh/ n. kontabili-tate [lanbidea].

accountant. /?!j`Tms?ms/ n. kontulari.accrue. /?!jqt9/ vi. pilatu, metatu. To accrue

benefits: irabaziak pilatu.accumulate. /?!jit9li?kdHs/ vt. 1. [collect]

metatu, pilatu. I've accumulated a lot ofphotographs: argazki andana pilatu dut.2. [amass] dirua egin; metatu, pilatu, bildu[dirua]. To accumulate a fortune: dirutzapilatu.

accuracy. /!zji?q?rh/ (pl -ies) n. doitasun,zehaztasun.

accurate. /zji?q?s/ adj. 1. egiazko, bene-tako. An accurate description: egiazkodeskribapena. 2. zehatz, doi. An accurateweapon: arma zehatza.

accurately. /!zji?q?s?kh/ adv. [precisely]zehaztasunez, zehatz.

accusation. /$zjit!ydHRm/ n. salaketa, sala-kuntza.

accusative. /?!jit9y?sHu/ n. (Ling.) akusa-tibo.

accuse. /?!jit9y/ vt. salatu; leporatu. Don'tworry, I'm not accusing you: lasai, ez naizzu salatzen ari.

accused. /?!jit9yc/ n. akusatu; salatu.accustomed. /?!jUrs?lc/ adj. (to) ohituta.

❏ grow accustomed to. zerbaitetara ohitu.ace. /dHr/ n. 1. [cards] batekoa. 2. [tennis]

ace.ache. /dHj/ n. min, oinaze.

� vi. -n min izan, -ko mina izan. My headaches: buruko mina dut.

achieve. /?!sRh9u/ vt. erdietsi, lortu. Toachieve the objectives: helburuak lortu.

achievement. /?!sRh9ul?ms/ n. lorpen,erdiespen.

acid. /!zrHc/ adj. 1. garratz. An acid taste:zapore garratza. 2. garratz; mingarri. Anacid person: pertsona garratza. 3. (Chem.)azido. � n. 4. [drug] azido.

acknowledge. /?j!mPkHcY/ vt. 1. aitortu,onartu. It's acknowledged to be true: egiadela onartzen da. 2. konturatu, ohartu;agurtu, kasu egin. He didn't even acknow-ledge my presence: nitaz ohartu ere ez zenegin. 3. hartu izana adierazi. To acknow-ledge receipt of the letter: eskutitza hartuizana adierazi.

acknowledgement. /?j!mPkHcYl?ms/ n.1. [acceptance] onarpen, aitorpen. 2. [confir-

mation of letter] hartu/jaso izanaren adie-razpen.

acne. /!zjmh/ n. akne.acorn. /!dHjN9m/ n. ezkur.acoustic. /?!jt9rsHj/ adj. akustiko.acoustics. /?!jt9rsHjr/ n. akustika.acquaint. /?!jvdHms/ vt. 1. -en berri eman,

jakinarazi. To acquaint sb with the method:metodo baten berri eman. 2. (norbait)ezagutu. To be acquainted with somebody:norbait ezagutu.

acquaintance. /?!jvdHms?mr/ n. ezagun,elaire.

acquire. /?!jv`H?'q(/ vt. erosi; -z jabetu,lortu, eskuratu. To acquire a house: etxebatez jabetu.

acquisitive. /?!jvHy?sHu/ adj. gutiziatsu;kontsumista. An acquisitive society: gizartekontsumista.

acquittal. /?!jvHsk/ n. (Law) absoluzio.acre. /!dHj?'q(/ n. akre.acrid. /!zjqHc/ adj. garratz, mingots. Acrid

smoke: ke garratza.acrobat. /!zjq?azs/ n. akrobata.acronym. /!zjq?mHl/ n. akronimo.across. /?!jqPr/ adv. 1. zeharka. A car across

the road: auto bat kalean zeharka. 2. -enbeste aldean, -z haraindi. Across the river:ibaiaren beste aldean. � prep. 3. -n zehar.To walk across the mountain: mendian zeharibili.

acrylic. /?!jqHkHj/ adj. akriliko.act. /zjs/ n. 1. [action] ekintza, egintza.

2. [theatre, play] ekitaldi. 3. [pretence]itxura(k) egite, iruzur.� vi. 1. ari izan, jardun, jokatu. To actproperly: egoki jokatu. 2. [to behave like]itxura(k) egin, -ena egin. He has been actingthe good friend until now: orain arte lagunonaren itxura egiten ibili da. To act the fool:inozoarena egin. He acts bravely, but he's infact scared: ausartarena egiten du, bainaberez beldurtuta dago. � vt. 3. antzeztu,jokatu. To act in a play: antzerkian antzeztu.

action. /!zjRm/ n. ekintza; jardun,jarduera. ❏ industrial action. greba,lanuzte. ❏ in action. martxan. ❘❘ takeaction. neurriak hartu.

activate. /!zjsHudHs/ vi./vt. (Chem./Tec.)aktibatu. To activate the alarm: alarma akti-batu.

active. /!zjsHu/ adj. 1. gogotsu, langile. Anactive woman: emakume gogotsua. 2. [vol-cano] aktibo.

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addition. /?!cHRm/ n. 1. [extra thing] erans-keta, gehitze. Last minute additions to theproposal: proposamenari azken orduanegindako eransketak. 2. [process of adding]batuketa. ❏ in addition. gainera, -zgainera, -z gain. I haven't finished, moreover,I must add something else: ez dut amaitu,eta horretaz gain beste gauza bat gehitunahi dut. In addition, they can be harmful toyour health: gainera, zure osasunerakokaltegarriak izan daitezke.

additional. /?!cHR?mk/ adj. gehigarri,osagarri, betegarri. Additional information:informazio osagarria.

additive. /!zc?sHu/ n. gehigarri.address. /?!cqdr/ n. 1. [of person, company]

helbide. 2. (Comput.) helbide. 3. [formalspeech] hitzaldi, berbaldi. ❏ address book.helbide-agenda.� vt. 1. bidali; helbidea idatzi/jarri. Toaddress your letter to the director: zure gutunazuzendariari bidali. 2. hitz/berba egin,mintzatu. He addressed me in English: inge-lesez hitz egin zidan. To address a meeting:hitzaldia bota. 3. ekin; heldu. To address thesecond theme: bigarren gaiari ekin.

adept. /?!cdos/ adj. aditu, jakitun. Hebecame adept at teaching: irakaskuntzanaditua bihurtu da.

adequate. /!zcHjv?s/ adj. 1. nahiko, aski.Your answer was not adequate: zure eran-tzuna ez zen nahikoa izan. 2. on; egoki.Adequate tables for children: umeentzakomahai egokiak.

adhere. /?c!gH?'q(/ vi. 1. itsatsi, erantsi.Mud adhered to the boots: lokatza botetanitsatsi. 2. atxiki. Adhered to the rules: araueiatxikirik.

adhesive. /?c!gh9rHu/ adj. 1. itsasgarri,itsaskor. � n. 2. itsasgarri. ❏ adhesivetape. zinta itsasgarri.

adjacent. /?!cYdHrms/ adj. ondoko, alboko,aldameneko. A house adjacent to the river:ibaiaren ondoko etxea.

adjective. /!zcYHjsHu/ n. adjektibo.adjoining. /?!cYNHmHM/ adj. (elkarren)

ondoko, (elkarren) aldameneko. Adjoiningbeds: elkarren ondoko oheak. The adjoiningwall: aldameneko horma.

adjudicate. /?!cYt9cHjdHs/ vi. epaile lanakegin; epaitu, juzgatu. Who will adjudicatethis year?: nork epaituko du aurten?

adjust. /?!cYUrs/ vt. 1. doitu. To adjust themachine: makina doitu. 2. apaindu. To

actively. /!zjsHukh/ adv. gogoz, kemenez.To be working actively: lanean gogoz aritu.

activity. /zj!sHu?sh/ (pl -ies) n. jarduera;ekintza.

actor. /!zjs?'q(/ n. [male] aktore, antzezle;jokalari.

actress. /!zjsq?r/ n. [female] aktore,antzezle; jokalari.

actual. /!zjsRt?k/ adj. egiazko, benetako.The actual cost: benetako balioa.

actually. /!zjsRt?kh/ adv. 1. benetan, zinez.Do you actually know him?: benetan ezagu-tzen duzu? 2. (to give new information)bada, ba. Actually, I'm not coming backhome today: bada, gaur ez naiz etorrikoetxera.

acumen. /!zji?l?m/ n. [for business] begi.acupuncture. /!zjitoUMjsR?'q(/ n. aku-

puntura.acute. /?!jit9s/ adj. 1. zorrotz, bizi. An acute

pain: min zorrotza. 2. bizkor, azkar. Anacute observer: behatzaile azkarra. 3. zoli.An acute smell: usaimen zolia.

ad. /zc/ n. (inf) iragarki.ad lib. /$zc !kHa/ adj. bat-bateko, asmatu. ❏

ad-lib. (pt & pp -bb-) bat-batean egin,asmatu. To ad-lib the discourse: hitzaldiabat-batean egin.

adamant. /!zc?l?ms/ adj. gogor, tinko,egoskor.

adapt. /?!czos/ vi./vt. moldatu, egokitu. Toadapt to the new situation: egoera berriraegokitu.

adaptable. /?!czos?ak/ adj. moldaerraz,moldakor.

adaptor. /?!czos?'q(/ (also adapter) n.egokigailu, lapur.

add. /zc/ vt. 1. gehitu, gaineratu. To addsugar: azukrea gehitu. To add your name tothe list: zure izena zerrendara gehitu.2. [numbers] batu.

added. /!zc?c/ adj. gehigarri, osagarri. Anadded disadvantage: desabantaila gehigarria.

addict. /!zcHjs/ n. mendeko, -en mendedagoen(a); -zale (hitz-elkarteetan); zale(amorratu).

addicted. /?!cHjsHc/ adj. mendeko, -enmende dagoen(a); -zale (hitz-elkarteetan).Addicted to drugs: drogazalea. To be addictedto TV: telebistazalea izan.

addiction. /?!cHjRm/ n. mende(ko)tasun;zaletasun; bizio.

addictive. /?!cHjsHu/ adj. mende(ko)tasun-sortzaile.

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adjust the dress: soinekoa apaindu. � vi.3. moldatu, konpondu. To adjust to a newsituation: egoera berri batera moldatu.

adjustable. /?!cYUrs?ak/ adj. erregulagarri.An adjustable chair: jarleku erregulagarri.

adjustment. /?!cYUrsl?ms/ n. 1. [modifica-tion] aldaketa, aldakuntza. 2. moldaera,moldatze. A period of emotional adjustment:emozioak beren onera ekartzeko denbo-raldia.

administer. /?c!lHmHrs?'q(/ vt. 1. adminis-tratu; kudeatu. To administer a school: ikas-tola kudeatu. 2. eman. To administer a medi-cine: botika eman.

administration. /?c$lHmH!rsqdHRm/ n. admi-nistrazio.

administrative. /?c!lHmHrsq?sHu/ adj.administratibo; administrazio- (hitz-elkarteetan). An administrative job: lanadministratibo.

administrator. /?c!lHmHrsqdHs?'q(/ n.administratzaile.

admirable. /!zcl?q?ak/ adj. miresgarri;liluragarri, zoragarri. An admirable work:lan miresgarria.

admiral. /!zcl?q?k/ n. almirante, amiral.admiration. /$zcl?!qdHRm/ n. mirespen,

lilura.admire. /?c!l`H?'q(/ vt. miretsi, ederretsi. I

admire my brother: nire anaia miresten dut.admirer. /?c!l`H?q?'q(/ n. miresle.admission. /?c$lHRm/ n. 1. [confession of the

truth] onarpen. 2. [acceptance to enter]onarpen; sartze. 3. [the price paid forentrance] sarrera.

admit. /?c!lHs/ (pt & pp -tt-) vt. 1. aitortu,onartu. To admit the truth: egia aitortu.2. [allow entry] onartu, sartzen utzi. ❏

admit doing sth. zerbait egin izanaonartu. ❘❘ admit that. -la onartu. Sheadmitted that it was a mistake: hutsegiteaizan zela onartu du. ❘❘ be admitted tohospital. ospitaleratua izan.

admittedly. /?c$lHsHckh/ adv. egiaz, zinez,benetan; egia esan, aitor dut.

admonish. /?c!lPmHR/ vt. ohartarazi;kargu hartu; errieta egin. He was admo-nished for smoking in class: gelan erretzea-gatik kargu hartu zioten.

ado. /?!ct9/ n. nahaste-borraste, korapilo,zalaparta. ❏ without further/more ado.bestelako itzulingururik gabe.

adolescence. /$zc?!kdrmr/ n. nerabezaro.adolescent. /$zc?!kdrms/ adj./n. nerabe.

adopt. /?!cPos/ vi./vt. 1. adoptatu, seme-tzat/alabatzat hartu. They have adoptedhim: semetzat hartu dute. � vt. 2. hartu. Toadopt a different attitude: jarrera ezberdinahartu.

adopted. /?!cPosHc/ adj. adopziozko;adopzio- (hitz-elkarteetan); -tzako. Adop-ted daughter: alabatzakoa. Adopted son:semetzakoa.

adoption. /?!cPoRm/ n. adopzio, seme-tzat/alabatzat hartze.

adoptive. /?!cPosHu/ adj. adopziozko;adopzio- (hitz-elkarteetan); -tzako. Adop-tive mother: amatzakoa. Adoptive father:aitatzakoa.

adoration. /$zc?!qdHRm/ n. gurtza, adorazio.adore. /?!cN9'q(/ vt. 1. gurtu. 2. bizi-

ki/izugarri/oso... maite izan. She adoreshim: izugarri maite du.

adorn. /?!cN9m/ vt. apaindu, dotoretu. Herhair was adorned with flowers: ilea lorezapaindua zuen. We adorned the windowswith flowers: leihoak lorez apaindu geni-tuen.

adornment. /?!cN9l?ms/ n. apaingarri.adrenaline. /?!cqdm?kHm/ n. adrenalina.adriatic. /$dHcqh!zsHj/ adj. adriatiko. ❏ the

Adriatic Sea. Itsaso Adriatikoa.adrift. /?!cqHes/ adj. jitoan, nora ezean. That

boat is adrift: ontzi hori jitoan dago.adulation. /$zcit!kdHRm/ n. lausengu,

koipekeria, zurikeria.adult. /!zcUks/ adj. 1. heldu, nagusi. Adult

life: pertsona helduen bizimodua. � n.2. [grown up] heldu, nagusi.

adultery. /?!cUks?qh/ (pl -ies) n. adulterio.advance. /?c!u@9mr/ n. 1. [development]

aurrerapen, aitzinamendu; aurrerakada,aurrerakuntza. 2. [money] aurrerakin,aurreratutako diru. 3. (pl) [sexual] intsi-nuazio. ❏ in advance. aurrez, aurretik,aldez aurretik. Let me know in advance:aldez aurretik jakinarazi.� vt. 1. sustatu, bultzatu. To advance thecause of human rights: giza eskubideaksustatu. 2. aurreratu, aitzinatu. To advancethe date for the dinner: afariko eguna aurre-ratu. � vi. 3. aurreratu; aurrera egin/joan.The troops are advancing from the south:armada hegoaldetik doa aurrera. ❏

advance sb sth. norbaiti zerbait aurreratu.advanced. /?c!u@9mrs/ adj. aurreratu, aitzi-

natu. An advanced student: ikasle aurre-ratua.

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� /!zcu?jdHs/ vt. -en alde mintza-tu/agertu; -en alde egin, defendatu. Theyadvocated the right to have a house: etxebi-zitza izateko eskubidearen alde mintzatuziren.

aerial. /!d?qh?k/ adj. 1. aireko, airetiko; aire-(hitz-elkarteetan). Aerial attacks: airekoerasoak. � n. 2. antena.

aerobics. /d?!q?TaHjr/ n. aerobic.aerodynamics. /$d?q?Tc`H!mzlHjr/ n.

aerodinamika.aeromodelling. /$d?q?T!lPc?kHM/ n. aero-

modelismo.aeronautics. /$d?q?!mN9sHjr/ n. aeronau-

tika.aeroplane. /!d?q?okdHm/ n. (Br) aireko,

hegazkin; abioi.aerosol. /!d?q?rPk/ n. aerosol.aesthetic; esthetic. /h9r!SdsHj/ adj. este-

tiko, estetikazko; estetika- (hitz-elkar-teetan).

aesthetics. /h9r!SdsHjr/ n. estetika.affable. /!ze?ak/ adj. adeitsu, xalo, atsegin;

gisako, jator.affair. /?!ed?'q(/ n. 1. [matter] gai, kontu.

2. [sexual relationship] (amodio-)kontu/is-torio/afera. 3. [event] gertaera, jazoera.

affect. /?!edjs/ vt. 1. hunkitu; mineman/egin. The problems affect you toomuch: arazoek gehiegi hunkitzen zaituzte.2. erasan, eragin. The storm affected theharvest: ekaitzak uztari eragin dio.

affected. /?!edjsHc/ adj. itxurati; artifizial.An affected smile: irribarre itxuratia.

affection. /?!edjRm/ n. maitasun, txera.affectionate. /?!edjR?m?s/ adj. maitekor,

eztitsu. An affectionate look: begirada ezti-tsua.

affiliation. /?$eHkh!dHRm/ n. afiliazio; bat-egite.affinity. /?!eHm?sh/ (pl -ies) n.

(Chem./Maths) afinitate.affirm. /?!e29l/ vt. baieztatu, baietsi;

baietz esan/adierazi.affirmation. /$ze?!ldHRm/ n. baieztapen,

baiespen.affirmative. /?!e29l?sHu/ n. baietz.affix. /?!eHjr/ vt. itsatsi; finkatu. To affix a

label: etiketa finkatu.afflict. /?!ekHjs/ vt. [mentally] nahigabetu,

atsekabetu; [physically] joa/jota egon. He isafflicted with tuberculosis: tuberkulosiak joadago.

affluence. /!zekt?mr/ n. oparotasun,aberastasun.

advantage. /?c!u@9msHcY/ n. abantaila;onura. ❏ be to one's advantage. norbe-raren onerako izan. ❘❘ take advantage ofsb. -z aprobetxatu/baliatu. They tookadvantage of me: nitaz aprobetxatu ziren. ❘❘take advantage of sth. zerbait aprobe-txatu.

advantageous. /$zcu?m!sdHcY?r/ adj.abantailatsu; onuragarri. An advantageousagreement: akordio abantailatsua.

advent. /!zcudms/ n. 1. [arrival] helduera.2. (capitalized) (Relig.) abendu.

adventure. /?c!udmsR?'q(/ n. abentura. ❏

adventure playground. haurrentzakoparke.

adventurous. /?c!udmsR?q?r/ adj. 1. [ofperson] abenturazale. An adventurousmountaineer: mendigoizale abenturazalea.2. arriskutsu, arriskugarri. She likes adven-turous trips: bidaia arriskutsuak gustatzenzaizkio.

adverb. /!zcu29a/ n. adberbio; aditzondo.adversary. /!zcu?r?qh/ (pl -ies) n. aurkako,

arerio; etsai.adverse. /!zcu29r/ adj. aurkako, kontrako.

Adverse change: aurkako aldaketa.advert. /!zcu29s/ n. 1. iragarki. 2. iragar-

pen, -en berri emate.advertise. /!zcu?s`Hy/ vi. iragarri, iragar-

kia jarri. To advertise in the newspaper:egunkarian iragarkia jarri.

advertisement. /?c!u29sHrl?ms/ (alsoadvert) n. 1. [notice, picture, film] iragarki.2. [act] iragarpen, -en berri emate.

advertiser. /!zcu?s`Hy?'q(/ n. iragarle,berriemaile.

advertising. /!zcu?s`HyHM/ n. publizitate.advice. /?c!u`Hr/ n. aholku, kontseilu.advisable. /?c!u`Hy?ak/ adj. gomendagarri,

komenigarri.advise. /?c!u`Hr/ vi./vt. 1. aholkatu,

kontseilatu. To advise on the weather:eguraldiari buruz aholkatu. 2. gomen-datu, aholkatu. I advise you to go early: goizjoatea gomendatzen dizuet. � vi. 3. [to tellofficially] aholkatu, aholku eman.

adviser. /?c!u`Hr?'q(/ (also advisor) n.1. [of government] kontseilari, sailburu.2. [financial] aholkulari.

advisory. /?c!u`Hy?qh/ (pl -ies) n. kontsul-tari, aholkulari.

advocate. /!zcu?j?s/ n. 1. [in a court of law]abokatu. 2. [supporter] defendatzaile;jarraitzaile.

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affluent. /!zekt?ms/ adj. aberats.afford. /?!eN9c/ vt. -rako/erosteko (dirua)

iritsi. I can't afford a new car: ez zait iristenauto berria erosteko.

affront. /?!eqUms/ n. irain, laido.afraid. /?!eqdHc/ adj. 1. ikaratu, izutu,

beldurtu. 2. beldurra/ustea duen(a). I'mafraid so: baietz uste dut. I'm afraid it's late:ez dakit ez ote den berandu. ❏ be afraid ofdoing sth. zerbait egiteko beldur izan. ❘❘ beafraid of sb. norbaiten beldur izan. ❘❘ beafraid of sth. zerbaiten beldur izan.

afresh. /?!eqdR/ adv. berriro (ere), ostera,atzera. To start afresh: berriro hasi.

Africa. /!zeqHj?/ Afrika.African. /!zeqHj?m/ adj./n. afrikar; Afri-

kako.after. /!@9es?'q(/ prep. 1. ondoren, ondoan,

ostean, eta gero. After dinner: afalondoan.After all my efforts: egin ditudanak egin etagero. It's five after nine: bederatziak etabost dira. 2. atzetik. After you!: zureatzetik! � adv. 3. geroago. After two days: biegun geroago. ❏ be after sth/sb.zerbaiten/norbaiten bila ibili.

afterlife. /!@9es?k`He/ n. haraindi, bestemundu; hil ondoko bizitza.

aftermath. /!@9es?lzS/ n. ondorio,ondoren.

afternoon. /$@9es?!mt9m/ n. arratsalde,arrasti. ❏ in the afternoon. arratsaldean.

aftershave. /!@9es?RdHu/ n. bizar-lozio.afterthought. /!@9es?SN9s/ n. azken uneko

burutazio/burutapen, geroagoko buru-tazio/burutapen. They only invited me asan afterthought: bigarren aldiz pentsatu etagero gonbidatu ninduten.

afterward(s). /!@9es?v?cy/ adv. gero,geroago; ondoren, segidan. –He tidied upafterwards –So he should!: –Dena garbituzuen gero –Bai behar ere! What followsimmediately afterwards: segidan datorrena.

again. /?!fdm/ adv. berriro (ere), berriz(ere), ostera (ere). Come back again: etorriberriz ere. ❏ again and again. behin etaberriz. ❘❘ all over again. berriro hasieratikhasita. ❘❘ half as much again. [kopuruosoaren] erdia gehiago. He earns half asmuch again as I do: nire soldataren erdiagehiago irabazten du.

against. /?!fdmrs/ prep. 1. en/-i aurka.Against her will: gogoz kontra, nahiezik.2. -en kontra. To lean against the wall:hormaren kontra jarri.

age. /dHcY/ n. 1. [the number of years] adin.2. [the last stage of person's life] zahartzaro.❏ old age. zahartzaro, zahardade. ❏ ages.aspaldi, duela asko. ❘❘ be under age. adintxikikoa izan. ❘❘ come of age. (adinez)nagusitu, adin-nagusitasunera iritsi.� vi./vt. zahartu, adindu. My parents areaging: nire gurasoak zahartzen ari dira.The sun ages the skin: eguzkiak azala zahar-tzen du.

aged. /dHcYc/ ❏ the aged. zaharrak, adin-duak, edadetuak.

agency. /!dHcY?mrh/ (pl -ies) n. 1. [business]agentzia; -etxe, -bulego (hitz-elkarteetan).2. [organization] erakunde.

agenda. /?!cYdmc?/ n. gai-zerrenda.agent. /!dHcY?ms/ n. 1. [of company] ordez-

kari; [of actor] agente. 2. [substance] eragile,agente.

aggravate. /!zfq?udHs/ vt. 1. gaizkiagotu,larriagotu, okertu. To aggravate a problem:arazo bat larriagotu. 2. haserretu,sumindu. He questions really aggravated me:benetan haserretu ninduten harengalderek.

aggregate. /!zfqHf?s/ n. 1. guztizko. � adj.2. erabateko, oso. An aggregate turnover:fakturazio osoa.

aggressive. /?!fqdrHu/ adj. 1. oldarkor,erasotzaile. An aggresive act: ekintza agre-siboa. 2. lehiatsu; ausart, azkar. Aggressivemarketing tactics: marketin-taktikaausartak.

aggrieved. /?!fqh9uc/ adj. mindu, atseka-betu, samindu. To feel aggrieved: mindutasentitu.

aghast. /?!f@9rs/ adj. izutu, ikaratu. Helooked at me aghast: ikaratuta begiratuzidan.

agile. /!zcY`Hk/ adj. bizi, bizkor. Agile acro-bats: akrobata biziak.

agnostic. /zf!mPrsHj/ adj./n. agnostiko.ago. /?!fd?/ adv. orain dela, duela. Three

months ago: duela hiru hilabete. A long timeago: aspaldi.

agonizing. /!zf?m`HyHM/ adj. mingarri, latz,estu, larri. Agonizing decision: erabakilarria.

agony. /!zf?mh/ (pl -ies) n. agonia.agree. /?!fqh9/ vi. 1. ados izan/egon, akort

izan/egon, bat etorri. I agree with you: adosnago zurekin. 2. bat etorri. The figures donot agree: zenbakiak ez datoz bat. 3. (Ling.)komunztatu. � vt. 4. hitzartu. A cease-fire

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(hartutako immunoeskasiaren sindrome),HIES.

ailing. /!dHkHM/ adj. ajetsu, gaixoti. To lookafter an ailing person: pertsona gaixotiazaindu.

ailment. /!dHkl?ms/ n. min, gaitz.aim. /dHl/ n. helburu; xede.

� vi./vt. 1. destatu; apuntatu. He aimed hisgun at the target: pistola jomugarantzdestatu zuen. 2. helburu izan; xede izan.They aim to be there by night: gauerako hanegotea dute helburu. ❏ be aimed at doingsth. zerbait helburu izan. New measures areaimed at preventing crime: neurri berriekkrimena saihestea dute helburu.

air. /d?'q(/ n. aire. ❏ air bed. aire-koltxoi. ❘❘air conditioning. aire girotu. ❘❘ air force.(Mil.) aireko indar. ❘❘ air freshener. aire-freskagarri. ❘❘ air gun. aire-pistola. ❘❘ airhostess. (hegazkineko) laguntzaile[emakumezkoa]. ❘❘ air mattress. koltxoneta(Heg.); matalaz pneumatiko (Ipar.). ❘❘ airraid. aire-eraso. ❘❘ air route. aire-bide. ❘❘ airsteward. (hegazkineko) laguntzaile. ❘❘ airterminal. aireportuko terminal. ❘❘ air-conditioned. klimatizatu, aire girotudun.❏ be up in the air. seguru ez izan, kili-koloegon, lotu gabe egon, zalantzan egon,airean egon. ❘❘ by air. hegazkinez.� vi./vt. 1. [rooms] egurastu, aireztatu;[clothes] haizatu. To clean and air thebedrooms: logelak garbitu eta aireztatu. �vt. 2. hedatu, airatu. To air the news: berriakhedatu.

airbag. /!d?azf/ n. airbag.airborne. /!d?aN9m/ adj. airez garraiatu.

Airborne viruses: aireak daramatzanbirusak.

aircraft. /!d?jq@9es/ (pl aircraft) n. 1. [plane]hegazkin. 2. [any flying machine] aireontzi.❏ aircraft carrier. hegazkin-ontzi.

airhead. /!d?gdc/ n. txoriburu, kaskarin.airlift. /!d?kHes/ n. aire bidezko garraio.

� vt. hegazkinez garraiatu. Two womenwere airlifted during the floods: bi emakumeairez eraman zituzten uholdeetan.

airline. /!d?k`Hm/ n. airelinea.airliner. /!d?k`Hm?'q(/ n. (bidaiarien)

hegazkin.airlock. /!d?kPj/ n. 1. [in pipe] aire-

burbuila. 2. [on spacecraft, submarine] aire-ganbera.

airmail. /!d?ldHk/ ❏ by airmail. airekopostaz.

was agreed: su-etena hitzartu zuten. ❏

agree on sth. zerbaitetan ados egon;adostu. Are we all agreed on this point?:ados gaude denok puntu honetan? Can weagree on a date?: egun bat ados dezakegu?❘❘ agree that. onartu, utzi; erabaki, adostu.He agreed (that) I could go early: goiz joatenutzi zidan. He agreed that I could stay athome: etxean gelditu nintekeela adoszegoen. ❘❘ agree to do sth. onartu, utzi;erabaki, adostu. She agreed to answer ques-tions: galderak egiten utzi zigun. We agreedto meet on Tuesday: asteartean elkartzeaerabaki genuen. ❘❘ agree to sth. onartu;amore eman. She agreed to my proposal: nireproposamena onartu zuen. ❘❘ agree with sbabout sth. norbaitekin zerbaitetan adosegon. To agree with them about politics:haiekin politikan ados egon. ❘❘ agree withsth. zerbaitekin ados/akort egon. To agreewith the deal: akordioarekin ados egon.

agreeable. /?!fqh9?ak/ adj. atsegin, atsegin-garri. ❏ be agreeable to sth. zerbaitekinados/akort egon.

agreed. /?!fqh9c/ adj. erabaki; hitzartu,adostu. At the agreed time: erabakitakoorduan.

agreement. /?!fqh9l?ms/ n. 1. [arrangement]akordio, hitzarmen, adostasun.2. [consent] onarpen, onespen. 3. (Ling.)komunztadura.

agricultural. /$zfqH!jUksR?q?k/ adj. nekaza-ritza-, nekazari- (hitz-elkarteetan).

agriculture. /!zfqHjUksR?'q(/ n. nekaza-ritza, laborantza.

ahead. /?!gdc/ adv. 1. aurrean, aitzinean.The car ahead is not moving: aurreko kotxeageldi dago. 2. aurrerantz, aurrera. To goahead: aurrerantz joan. 3. aurretik, aurrez.To plan ahead: aurretik prestatu. ❏ aheadof. 1. -en aurrean/aitzinean. The car aheadof the truck: kamioiaren aurreko autoa.2. -en aurretik/aitzinetik. Our team isahead of your team: gure taldea zuentaldearen aurretik doa.

aid. /dHc/ n. laguntza; sorospen. ❏ firstaid. lehen sorospen. ❘❘ first-aid post. soros-tetxe. ❘❘ first-aider. sorosle. ❏ in aid of. -enalde. In aid of charity: karitatearen alde.� vt. lagundu. Easy ways to aid Africa:Afrika laguntzeko bide errazak.

aide. /dHc/ n. laguntzaile.AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency

Syndrome). /dHcy/ (also Aids) n. hies

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airplane. /!d?okdHm/ n. (Am) aireko,hegazkin; abioi.

airport. /!d?oN9s/ n. aireportu. ❏ airporttax. aireportuko tasa.

airship. /!d?RHo/ n. aireontzi.airsick. /!d?rHj/ ❏ be airsick. (hegazki-

nean) zorabiatu.airspace. /!d?rodHr/ n. aireko espazio.airstrip. /!d?rsqHo/ n. lurreratzeko pista.airtight. /!d?s`Hs/ adj. hermetiko. An

airtight box: kutxa hermetikoa.airway. /!d?vdH/ n. aire-bide.airy. /!d?qh/ (compar -ier, superl -iest) adj.

haizatu, egurastu. An airy room: gelahaizatua.

aisle. /`Hk/ n. 1. [in church] albo-habearte.2. [in supermarket, theatre] pasillo, pasa-bide.

ajar. /?!cY@9'q(/ adj. erdi ireki. I left the doorajar: atea erdi irekita utzi dut.

akin. /?!jHm/ ❏ akin to sth. zerbaitenantzeko/pareko. Sth akin to vertigo: berti-goaren antzeko zerbait.

alarm. /?!k@9l/ n. alarma. ❏ alarm clock.iratzargailu. ❏ raise alarm. alarma jo.� vt. aztoratu, asaldatu; beldurtu, ikaratu.To alarm people: jendea aztoratu.

alarming. /?!k@9lHM/ adj. kezkagarri, asalda-garri. An alarming rise: igoera kezkagarria.

alas. /?!kzr/ adv. zoritxarrez, tamalez,maluruski. –Are you allowed to come? –Alas,no: –Etor zaitezke? –Tamalez, ez.

Álava. Araba.Alavese. adj./n. arabar.albeit. /$N9k!ah9Hs/ conj. nahiz eta, arren,

ba-... ere. He tried, albeit without success:saiatu zen, arrakastarik izan ez bazuenere.

album. /!zka?l/ n. album.alcohol. /!zkj?gPk/ n. alkohol.alcoholic. /$zkj?!gPkHj/ adj. 1. alkoholdun,

alkoholiko. Alcoholic drinks: edari alkohol-dunak. � n. 2. alkoholiko.

alcoholism. /!zkj?gPkHy?l/ n. alkoho-lismo.

alcove. /!zkj?Tu/ n. [for shelves or bed] zulo,hutsune, tarte.

ale. /dHk/ n. garagardo-mota bat.alert. /?!k29s/ adj. 1. adi, erne, atzarri. The

dog was alert to the slightest movement:txakurra edozein mugimenduri ernezegoen. 2. erne, ernai, bizkor. She has analert mind: buru bizkorra du. � n. 3. alerta.On alert: alerta-egoeran. ❏ be alert to.

kontziente izan; jakitun izan, jakinarengainean egon.� vt. erne jarri; alertatu. To alert the emer-gency services: larrialdi zerbitzuak alertatu.❏ alert sb to sth. norbait zerbaitez oharta-razi. The police alerted us to the possibility ofsnow: poliziak elur arriskuaz ohartarazigintuen.

algae. /!zkcYh/ n. (sing algae) algak.algebra. /!zkcYHaq?/ n. aljebra.alias. /!dHkh?r/ n. ezizen, gaitzizen.alibi. /!zk?a`H/ n. (Law) zurigarri.alien. /!dHkh?m/ adj./n. 1. [extraterrestrial]

estralurtar. Alien beings: Lurretik kanpokoizakiak. 2. [foreign] atzerritar, kanpotar,arrotz. � adj. 3. arraro, bitxi; arrotz. Analien environment: ingurune arrotza.

alienate. /!dHkh?mdHs/ vt. arroztu, urrundu;hoztu. He has alienated his entire family:bere familia guztitik arroztu da.

alight. /?!k`Hs/ adj. piztuta/sutandagoen(a). Her dress caught alight: soine-koak su hartu zion. ❏ set sth alight.zerbaiti su eman.� (pt & pp -ed) vi. kokatu, pausatu. Abutterfly alighted next to me: tximeletapausatu zitzaidan ondoan. ❏ alight from.-tik jaitsi. I've just alighted from the bus:oraintxe bertan jaitsi naiz autobusetik.

align. /?!k`Hm/ vt. 1. lerrokatu; lerroan/ilaranjarri. I can't align the shelf with the top of thecupboard: apala ezin dut lerrokatu armairugainarekin. 2. -ekin bat egin; -en alde jarri.To align with the Arab countries: arabiarherrialdeekin bat egin.

alike. /?!k`Hj/ adj. 1. antzeko. My sister andI look very alike: nire ahizpa eta ni osoantzekoak gara. � adv. 2. antzera. We treateverybody alike: denak antzera hartzenditugu.

alive. /?!k`Hu/ adj. bizirik. They found themalive after the storm: bizirik aurkitu dituzteekaitzaren ostean.

all. /N9k/ det. 1. guzti; den(a); oro. All daysare the same: egun guztiak berdinak dira.All the shops are closed: dendak oro itxitadaude. 2. oso; guzti. She's been crying allnight long: gau osoan negarrez jardun du.Finish all the drink: buka ezazu edariguztia. � pron. 3. guzti(ak), den(ak). I haveall that I want: nahi dudan guztia dut. I likesome of them, but not all: horietako batzukgogoko ditut, baina ez denak. They havesearched all the house: etxe guztia miatu

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