explain m13 - 1 other technologies tetra gprs edge umts

1 NOKIA 6-90214/OTHER TECHNOLOGIES: TETRA, GPRS, EDGE and UMTS/ v 1.0

OtherOtherTechnologiesTechnologies : TETRA, GPRS, EDGE and UMTS


Module objectives

9 Describe the basics of TETRA and HSCSD systems

9 Describe the basics of GPRS and EDGE

9 List the main characteristics of UMTS

At the end of this module you will be able to


Content of Other Technologies

9 TETRA

9 HSCSD, GPRS AND EDGE

9 UMTS


Other Technologies

9 TETRA


9 UMTS


TETRABasics

TErrestrial Trunked RAdio system Digital radio system Trunking system Uses 4:1 TDMA Uses ACELP speech codec Uses 25 kHz carrier spacing Mainly used frequency bandwidth 380 - 400; 410 - 430 MHz


TETRA Network Architecture

DSCNMC DXT

TBSTBS

Inter-System Interface (ISI)

PSTN/PABX InterfaceData Network Interface

CCS Interface

Other Interfaces

DWSDSC

TMR 400

THR 400

DST


TETRA Services

Teleservices: Individual call Group call Direct mode operation Broadcast call

Bearer Services (data communication): Status messages Short data service Packet data communication Circuit switched data communication

Supplementary Services: Enhances tele- or bearer service Cannot be used alone


Other Technologies

9 TETRA


9 UMTS


HSCSDBasics

High Speed Circuit Switched Data Data rate up to 57.6 kbit/s Multiple set of basic resources (TCH) is reserved for one high speed data call Data rate and number of reserved timeslots can be defined by the user

application S7 implementation of the feature is for up to 4 channels (each channel

corresponds to 9.6/14.4 kbit/s)

. . .PSTNISDNPDN

IWF

MSCBSC/TRAUBTS


HSCSDSupported Data Services

RTSLs used 9,6 Kbit/s 14,4 Kbit/s

1 9,6 Kbit/s 14,4 Kbit/s




Asynchronous and synchronous bearer services

Transparent and non-transparent transfer modes

Symmetric or asymmetric data transfer in Air interface (e.g. 3 downlink and 1 uplink)


New Applications & Uses Feasible

GPRSBasics

General Packet Radio Service

End User (compared to 9.6 data & HSCSD): Service differentiation opportunities Always connected Pay per bit transferred Higher speeds Faster session set up

Operator: Service differentiation opportunities Catch Corporate business (including speech) Additional revenue for content Get more use out of network investment Path to 3rd Generation


GPRSCircuit Switched vs. Packet Switched

Circuit Switched

Packet Switched


MSC

SS7 signalingNetwork

PSTN

ISDN

BSCBTS

IP networksInternet

Packet Core

IP BackboneFirewall

Gateway GPRSSupport Node

Serving GPRS

Support Node

HLR

GGSN

SGSN

GPRSNetwork Overview


SW Upgrade in MSC/VLR and HLR

GPRS capable MS

NMS Upgrade to T12

MSC

ISDN/PSTNNetwork

EIR

HLR/AuC

SMSC

BSCBTS

Um

HW and SW Upgrade in BSC (S9+PCU)

SW Upgrade in BTS

Internet or Corporate

LAN

GPRS CoreNetwork

GPRS Core Network Elements

New Services (APNs, WAP)

GPRSHW & SW Upgrades from GSM


TRX 1

TRX 2

CCCH TS TS TS TS TS TS TS

TS TS TS TS TS TS TSTS

Dedicated GPRS Capacity

Circuit Switched Territory

Packet Switched Territory

Territory border moves dynamically based on Circuit

Switched traffic load

Circuit Switched capacity not affectedby introducing GPRS

Circuit Switched traffic has priority

In each cell Circuit Switched & Packet Switched territories are defined

Territories consist of consecutive timeslots

GPRSTerritory Method


GPRSCoding Schemes & Multiple TS

CS1 & CS2: implemented in ALL Nokia BTS without HW change CS3 & CS4: future release (with added HW in the BTSs) Coding scheme selection is done dynamically based on BLER (BLock

Error Rate) Rel. 1 also allows up to 8 air interface timeslots to be combined

together to give higher rate connections

Channel Coding Scheme CS1 CS2 CS3 CS4Single TS Data Rate 9.05 kbit/s 13.4 kbit/s 15.6 kbit/s 21.4 kbit/s8 TS Data Rate 72.0 kbit/s 107.2 kbit/s 124.8 kbit/s 171.2kbit/s

Nokia GPRS release 1

More Data Less ErrorCorrection


EDGEBasics

Enhanced Data rate for Gsm Evolution (EDGE) Update of the GSM standard towards 3G networks/mobiles Operators who do not get/want 3G-license (UMTS/WCDMA) can provide 3G-

services anyway Enhancement results from introduction of new modulation (8-PSK) + channel

coding schemes ECSD (Enhanced Circuit Switched Data): circuit switched channels/services.

Updates HSCSD for 8-PSK modulation EGPRS (Enhanced GPRS): packet switched channels/services. Updates GPRS for 8-

PSK modulation


EDGEEDGE in GSM/GPRS Networks

EDGE 8-PSK coverage

EDGE capable TRX, GSM compatible

EDGE GMSK coverage

A-bisBTS

BTS

MSC

Gn

GGSN

EDGE capableterminal, GSM

compatible

More capacity in interfacesto support higher data usage

GbBSC

A

SGSN

EDGE functionality inthe network elements


(0,0,1)

(1,0,1)

(d(3k),d(3k+1),d(3k+2))=

(0,0,0)

(0,1,0)

(0,1,1)

(1,1,1)

(1,1,0)

(1,0,0)

EDGE8-PSK Modulation

8-PSK (Phase Shift Keying) is the new modulation of EDGE

Non-constant envelope high requirements for linearity of the power amplifier

Because of amplifier non-linearities, a 2-4 dB power decrease (back-off) is typically needed

3 bits per symbol

22.5 offset to avoid origin crossing

Symbol rate and burst length identical to those of GMSKEDGE GSM

Modulation 8-PSK, 3bit/sym GMSK, 1 bit/symSymbol rate 270.833 ksps 270.833 kspsBits/burst 348 bits 114 bitsGross rate/time slot 69.6 kbps 22.8 kbps


Other Technologies

9 TETRA


9 UMTS


UMTSStandardisation


UMTSNetwork Architecture

Core NetworkRAN

Air

Air

Air

Iupacket

Iucircuit

Iur

Iur

RNC

RNC

RNC

Iub

Iub

Iub

BS

BS

BS

BS

BSBS

BSMSC

Serving GPRSSupport Node(SGSN type U)

IWUTC

IuIu

Circuit Domain

Packet Domain


UMTS UL(FDD)

60 MHz

UMTS(TDD)

20 MHz

1920

1900 2000 2100 2200

UMTS DL(FDD)

60 MHz

1980 2110 2170

UMTS(TDD)

15 MHz

20102025

UMTSAllocated Bandwidth


5 MHz

3.84 MHz

f

Guard Bands

UMTSWCDMA Carrier


FrequencyPo

w

e

r

d

e

n

s

i

t

y

(

W

a

t

t

s

/

H

z

) Unspread narrowband signal

Spread wideband signal

W

R

UMTSSpreading / Despreading

A narrowband signal is spread to a wideband signal


Frequency (Hz)

Unspreadnarrowband signal

P

o

w

e

r

d

e

n

s

i

t

y

(

W

/

H

z

)

W

Packet data user (384 kbit/s*)R

Unspread"narrowband"

signal Spread wideband signal

Processing Gain G=W/R=25 dB

UMTSProcessing Gain

The processing gain depends on the user data rate

(user data rate*) x (processing gain) = const = W = 3,84 Mcps

Spreading sequences of different length

* data rate before spreading and coding

Frequency (Hz)

P

o

w

e

r

d

e

n

s

i

t

y

(

W

/

H

z

)

W

Voice user (12,2 kbit/s*)R

Spread wideband signal

Processing Gain G=W/R=10 dB


BER

Eb/No

Different Data Rate

The NRT Services are typically asymmetric

Services Target Quality Processing Gain

12.2 kbps BER


High bit rates

Spectral efficiency

Different qualityrequirements

Efficient packet data

Downlink capacity

WCDMA GSMCarrier spacing 5 MHz 200 kHz

Frequency reuse factor 1 118Power control frequency 1500 Hz 2 Hz or lower

Quality controlRadio resource

management algorithmsNetwork planning

(frequency planning)

Frequency diversity 5 MHz bandwidth gives multipath diversity with

Rake receiverFrequency hopping

Packet dataLoad-based packet

schedulingTime slot based

scheduling with GPRS

Downlink transmit diversity

Supported for improving downlink capacity

Not supported by the standard, but can be

applied

UMTSDifferences with GSM


Exercises / Questions

9 List the main differences between GSM, GPRS, EDGE and UMTS!

9 What advantages does packet switching have?


References

1. T. Halonen, J. Romero, J. Melero GSM, GPRS and EDGE Performance, Wiley 2002.

2. H. Holma, A. Toskala WCDMA for UMTS, Wiley 2001.

3. J. Lempiinen, M. Manninen, Radio Interface System Planningfor GSM/GPRS/UMTS, Kluwer Academic Publishers 2001.

explain m13 - 1 other technologies tetra gprs edge umts

Documents

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basics of tetra

tetra servicesteleservices

data data rate

data hscsd

generation12 nokia

umts2 nokia

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