exxonmobil v venezuela - icsid - decision rejecting venezuela revision - 12 june 2015

8/21/2019 ExxonMobil v Venezuela - ICSID - Decision Rejecting Venezuela Revision - 12 June 2015

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EKPMZKIPEAKIC HMKPZM NAZ XMPPCMOMKP AN EK^MXPOMKP @EXR]PMX

VIXLEKFPAK, @.H.

E K PLM RZAHMM@EKF JMPVMMK

^MKMT]MCI LAC@EKFX, J.^.OAJEC HMZZA KMFZA LAC@EKF, [email protected] ^MKMTACIKI @M RMPZØCMAX LAC@EKFX, EKH.

OAJEC HMZZA KMFZA, CP@. IK@OAJEC ^MKMTACIKI @M RMPZØCMAX, EKH.

(Z MXRAK@MKPX)

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JACEÎZEIK ZMR]JCEH AN ^MKMT]MCI

(IRRCEHIKP)

(EHXE@ HIXM KA. IZJ/26/:6

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@MHEXEAK AK ZMÊXEAK QQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQ

Omojmrs an tlm Prejukic4L.M. Du`fm Fecjmrt Fuecciuom, Rrmse`mkt

Rranmssar Fijremccm Giunoikk-Galcmr, Irjetritar @r. Ilom` Xi`mg Mc-Gaslmre, Irjetritar

Xmhrmtiry an tlm Prejukic4Os. Icehei Oirtïk Jcikha

@itm an èspithl ta tlm Rirtems4 9: Dukm :29=


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:

RIZPEMX― ZMRZMXMKPIPE^MX

Zmprmsmktekf tlm Zmspak`mkts4 Zmprmsmktekf tlm Ippcehikt4

Or. Plaois C. Hujjifm EEEOr. Oefumc Cøpmz NaristemrHavekftak & Jurcekf CCR9:29 Rmkksycvikei Ivm., KVVislekftak, @.H. :2220-:029]XIik`

Or. Fiçtik ^mrlaasmc

Or. Xhatt ^msmcPlrmm Hrawks CCR Kmw Nmttmr Rcihm


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8

9. JIHGFZA]K@ IK@ RZAHM@]ZIC LEXPAZU

9.9. Ak :8 Ahtajmr :290, tlm Jacevireik Zmpujceh an ^mkmzumci (–Ippcehikt‟) sujoettm` ta

tlm Xmhrmtiry-Fmkmric an EHXE@ ik Ippcehiteak nar Zmveseak an tlm Irjetric Prejukic―s Iwir` an

5 Ahtajmr :290 (–Ippcehiteak‟). Plm Ippcehiteak wis oi`m ak tlm jises an Irtehcm =9 an tlm

Hakvmkteak ak tlm Xmttcmomkt an Ekvmstomkt @esputms jmtwmmk Xtitms ik` Kiteakics an Atlmr

Xtitms (tlm –EHXE@ Hakvmkteak‟) ik` Zucm =2 an tlm EHXE@ Zucms an Rrahmùrm nar Irjetriteak

Rrahmmèkfs (–Irjetriteak Zucms‟).

9.:.

Ak :0 Ahtajmr :290, tlm Ippcehiteak wis rmfestmrm` jy EHXE@ pursuikt ta EHXE@

Irjetriteak Zucm =2(:)(i) ik` triksoettm` ta ^mkmzumci Lacèkfs, J.^., Oajec Hmrra Kmfra

Lacèkf, Ct`., Oajec ^mkmzaciki `m Rmtrøcmas Lacèkfs, Ekh., Oajec Hmrra Kmfra, Ct`. ik`

Oajec ^mkmzaciki `m Rmtrøcmas, Ekh. (–Zmspak`mkts‟ ar –Oajec Rirtems‟) ik` ta mihl Omojmr an

tlm Prejukic pursuikt ta EHXE@ Irjetriteak Zucms =2(:)(h) ik` =9(9)(i).

9.8. Plm Prejukic wis rmhakstetutm` ak 82 Ahtajmr :290, ek ihharìkhm wetl EHXE@

Irjetriteak Zucm =9(:).

9.0. Ak :9 Kavmojmr :290, tlm Zmspak`mkts necm` i Zmqumst ta Cent tlm Rraveseakic Xtiy an

Mknarhmomkt an tlm Iwir`, ek ihharìkhm wetl EHXE@ Irjetriteak Zucm =0(:).

9.=.

Ak 8 @mhmojmr :290, tlm Rirtems necm i daekt sujoesseak haktiekekf prahmùric

irrikfmomkts ta jm èshussm` it tlm nerst smsseak. Plm nerst smsseak wis lmc` ak 92 @mhmojmr

:290 jy haknmrmkhm hicc.


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0

9.>. Ak 9< @mhmojmr :290, tlm Xmhrmtiry herhucitm` Rrahmùric Ar`mr Ka. 9, haktiekekf tlm

Rirtems― prahmùric ifrmmomkts ik` tlm Prejukic―s `mheseaks.

9.6. Ak 95 Dikuiry :29=, Plm Ippcehikt sujoettm` ets (e) Zmspaksm ta tlm Zmspak`mkt―s

Zmqumst ta Cent tlm Rraveseakic Xtiy an Mknarhmomkt an tlm Iwir` ik` (ee) Omoareic ek Nurtlmr

Xuppart an ets Ippcehiteak nar Zmveseak an tlm Iwir`.

9. Iprec :29=, tlm Prejukic eknarom` tlm

Rirtems tlit i lmirekf wauc` kat jm kmhmssiry, ek ihharìkhm wetl Xmhteak 9: an Rrahmùric Ar`mr

Ka. 9. Ak tlm siom ìtm, tlm Prejukic ekvetm` tlm Rirtems ta sujoet stitmomkts an hasts. Plm

Rirtems sujoettm` tlmer rmspmhtevm stitmomkts an hasts ak 98 Iprec :29=.

9.99. Plm prahmmèkf wis `mhcirm` hcasm` ak 99 Oiy :29=, ek ihharìkhm wetl EHXE@

Irjetriteak Zucm 8


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:.9.9 Plm Ippcehikt hcieos tlit tlm Zmspak`mkts― ihteaks intmr tlm Iwir` wis rmk`mrm` slaw

tlit tlmy li` ka ektmkteak an lakarekf rmprmsmktiteaks oi`m jmnarm tlm Iwir` wis rmk`mrm`.9

Li` tlmsm nihts jmmk gkawk, tlmy wauc` livm `mhesevmcy innmhtm` tlm rmcemn friktm` ek tlm

Iwir`.:

:.9.: Ek pirtehucir, jmnarm tlm Iwir` wis rmk`mrm`, tlm Zmspak`mkts stitm` tlit, ek ar`mr ta

ivae` àujcm rmhavmry ek tlm mvmkt an ik Iwir` ek tlmer nivar, tlmy wmrm weccekf ta rmeojursm

Rmtrøcmas `m ^mkmzumci, X.I. (–R@^XI‟) ek ihharìkhm wetl Hciusm 9=(9) an tlm Hmrra Kmfra

Issaheiteak Ifrmmomkt (–HKII‟) nar tlm haopmksiteak icrmi`y rmhmevm` ek tlm EHH irjetriteak.

Plm Prejukic rmcem` ak tles rmprmsmktiteak ek ets `mheseak rmfirèkf àujcm rmhavmry.8

:.9.8 Lawmvmr, intmr tlm Iwir` wis rmk`mrm`, tlm Zmspak`mkts sauflt ik` ajtiekm` ek i ].X.

nm`mric haurt ik mx pirtm Ar`mr ik` Du`fomkt ek tlm nucc ioaukt an tlm Iwir` wetlaut

omkteakekf tlm àujcm rmhavmry essum, ik` livm kat ihgkawcm`fm` tlit rmhavmry slauc` jm

rmùhm` jy tlm nucc ioaukt icrmi`y pie` ek sitesnihteak an tlm piriccmc EHH irjetriteak. Is tlmsm

nihts ahhurrm` intmr tlm Iwir` wis rmk`mrm`, tlmy wmrm kat gkawk ar hipijcm an jmekf

èshavmrm` jy tlm Prejukic ar ^mkmzumci it tlm teom wlmk tlm Iwir` wis rmk`mrm`. Li` tlmy

jmmk gkawk, tlmy wauc` livm `mhesevmcy innmhtm` tlm rmcemn friktm`, ekhcuèkf tlm omtla` ta

mnnmhtuitm ik` hichucitm tlm rmùhteak ta ivae` àujcm rmhavmry.0

:.9.0

Ihharèkfcy, tlm Ippcehikt rmqumsts tlm naccawekf rmveseaks ta pirifripl 020 an tlm

Iwir`4

9 Ippcehiteak, piris. 0-=.

: Ippcehiteak, piri. 9:.

8 Ippcehiteak, piri. 5.

0 Ippcehiteak, piri. 9:.


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>

Ririfripl 020(m) an tlm Iwir` slauc` jm rmvesm` ta i`` tlm naccawekf smktmkhm is tlm

smhak` smktmkhm an tlm sujpirifripl4 –Plm rmquerm` rmeojursmomkts ta R@^XI wecc jm

oi`m seouctikmauscy wetl tlm sitesnihteak an tles Iwir`.‟7 ik`

Ririfripl 020(l) an tlm Iwir` slauc` jm rmvesm` ta i`` tlm naccawekf smktmkhm it tlm

mk` an tlm sujpirifripl4 –Plm rmeojursmomkt haktmopcitm` jy sujpirifripl (m) ijavm

slicc jm wetl ektmrmst it tlm siom ritm an ektmrmst spmhenem` ek tles sujpirifripl (l) ar, ek

tlm ictmrkitevm, tlm parteak an tlm Iwir` mquic ta tlm ioaukt an tlm rmeojursmomkt

rmnmrrm` ta ek sujpirifripl (m) ijavm slicc kat jmir ektmrmst nrao tlm ìtm suhl ioaukt

wis pie` ta Oajec Hmrra Kmfra.‟=

:.9.= Plm Ippcehikt nurtlmr rmqumsts tlit tlm stiy an mknarhmomkt an tlm Iwir` jm oiektiekm`

uktec tlm Prejukic―s `mheseak ak tlm Ippcehiteak nar Zmveseak ik` tlit tlm Zmspak`mkts jm ar`mrm`

ta piy tlm nucc hasts an tlmsm prahmmèkfs, ekhcuèkf ittarkmy―s nmms ik` mxpmksms.>

:.: Rrmceoekiry Zmspaksm ta tlm Ippcehiteak nar Zmveseak

:.:.9 Ek tlmer Rrmceoekiry Zmspaksm ta tlm Ippcehiteak nar Zmveseak, tlm Zmspak`mkts quiceny

tlm Ippcehiteak is ik ijusm an tlm rmveseak prahmùrm ieom` ta `mciy haopceikhm wetl tlm

Iwir`.6 Plm Zmspak`mkts haktmk` tlit tlm Ippcehiteak slauc` jm èsoessm` nar iky an tlm

naccawekf rmisaks.

= Ippcehiteak, piri. 98.

> Ippcehiteak, piri. 90.

6 Rrmceoekiry Zmspaksm, p. 9.


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:.:.: Nerst, tlm Ippcehiteak àms kat ommt tlm iòessejecety rmquermomkts an Irtehcm =2(9)(h)(ee)

an tlm EHXE@ Hakvmkteak is et àms kat e`mkteny iky kmw nihts. Plm Zmspak`mkts― ektmrprmtiteak

an Hciusm 9=.9(i) an tlm HKII es tlm siom kaw is et wis jmnarm tlm Iwir` wis rmk`mrm`, ik`

tlm Zmspak`mkts rmoiek nuccy prmpirm` ta rmeojursm tlm rmcmvikt ioaukt ek ihharìkhm wetl tlm

HKII.


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:.8.9 Plm Zmspak`mkts rmqumst tlit tlm stiy an mknarhmomkt praveseakiccy friktm` jy tlm

Xmhrmtiry-Fmkmric wetl tlm rmfestriteak an tlm Ippcehiteak jm mktermcy ar pirteiccy centm`.

:.8.: Ihharèkf ta tlm Zmspak`mkts, tlm herhuostikhms an tlm prmsmkt hism à kat rmquerm tlit

mknarhmomkt jm stiym` sekhm tlm Ippcehiteak lis ka nihtuic ar cmfic jises ik`, mvmk en friktm`, et

wauc` innmht cmss tlik twmcvm pmrhmkt an tlm Ippcehikts haopmksiteak ajcefiteaks uk`mr tlm

Iwir`.9:

:.8.8 Plm Zmspak`mkt rmnmrs ta ekstikhms wlmrm ikkucomkt haooettmms livm `mkem` stiys an

mknarhmomkt wlmk tlm ippcehiteak li` i ècitary purpasm ar tlm Xtitm è` kat fevm rmisakijcm

issurikhms tlit et wauc` haopcy wetl tlm iwir`. Plm Zmspak`mkts haktmk` tlit tlm riteakicm nar

tlmsm `mheseaks ippcems icc tlm oarm ta i rmveseak prahmmèkf, wlmrm tlm omrets an tlm `mheseak irm

kat haktmstm`.98

:.8.0

Xlauc` tlm Prejukic `mhe`m ta haktekum tlm stiy, tlm Zmspak`mkts rmqumst tlit tlm

Prejukic oiektiek tlm stiy sujdmht ta tlm hakèteaks tlit (e) et mxtmk`s akcy ta tlm parteak an tlm

Iwir` innmhtm` ik` tlit et jm sujdmht ta (ee) piyomkt an tlm ukèsputm` jicikhm an tlm Iwir` ik`

(eee) pastekf ik errmvahijcm fuiriktmm ar jak` is smhurety nar tlm rmoiek`mr an tlm Iwir`.90

:.0 Omoareic ek Xuppart an tlm Ippcehiteak nar Zmveseak ik` ek Zmspaksm ta tlm Zmqumstta cent tlm Rraveseakic Xtiy an Mknarhmomkt an tlm Iwir`

:.0.9 Ek ets Omoareic, tlm Ippcehikt i``rmssms tlm Zmspak`mkts― irfuomkts. Is ta

iòessejecety an tlm Ippcehiteak, tlm Ippcehikt e`mktenems4

9: Zmqumst ta Cent tlm Rraveseakic Xtiy, p. 9.

98 Zmqumst ta Cent tlm Rraveseakic Xtiy, pp. 9-8.

90 Zmqumst ta Cent tlm Rraveseakic Xtiy, pp. 8-=.


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i) Plm –kmw nihts upak wlehl tlm Ippcehiteak nar Zmveseak es jism`‟. Kiomcy, tlm

Oajec Rirtems (e) livekf oi`m hcmir intmr tlm Iwir` tlit tlmy livm ka ektmkteak an

lakarekf rmprmsmktiteaks oi`m jmnarm tlm Iwir` rmfirèkf àujcm rmhavmry7 ik`

(ee) prahmmèkf eoomèitmcy intmr tlm rmk`mrekf an tlm Iwir`, mx pirtm ik`

wetlaut haksuctekf tlm Ippcehikt ta ittmopt ta mknarhm tlm nucc ioaukt an

haopmksiteak wetlaut omkteakekf iky rmùhteak kmhmssiry ta ivae` àujcm

rmhavmry.9=

j) Pwa wiys ek wlehl tlmsm nihts innmht tlm Iwir`. Kiomcy, jy (e) oigekf et

eopassejcm ta hichucitm tlm ioaukt ùm uk`mr tlm Iwir` ik` (ee) veacitekf tlm

tmros ak wlehl tlm Iwir` wis oi`m.9>

:.0.: Is ta tlm duresèhteakic irfuomkt, tlm Ippcehikt rmhafkezms –hmrtiek duresèhteakic essums‟,

jut hakse`mrs tlit tlit tlm Prejukic lis tlm pawmr ta tigm tlm kmhmssiry stmps ta mksurm tlmrm es ka

àujcm rmhavmry.96 Plm Ippcehikt irfums tlit, errmspmhtevmcy an law tlm ioaukts irm hichucitm`

uk`mr tlm HKII, jatl tlm EHH Prejukic ik` tlm EHXE@ Prejukic iwir`m` haopmksiteak nar tlm

siom iht, kiomcy tlm mxprapreiteak an tlm Hmrra Kmfra Rradmht. Ek tles smksm, tlm Ippcehikt―s

rmqumst es ceoetm` ta tlm Prejukic fevekf mnnmht ta ets èrmhtevm ta ivae` àujcm rmhavmry jy

rmquerekf tlit tlm hrmèt nar tlm haopmksiteak icrmi`y pie` jm oi`m seouctikmauscy wetl tlm

piyomkt an tlm Iwir`.9 Ippcehikt―s Omoareic, piri. 99.

96 Ippcehikt―s Omoareic, piri. 9:.

9


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92

livm ektmk`m` nar suhl ektmrmst ta ruk ak tlm nucc haopmksiteak iwir`m` errmspmhtevm an ektmrmst

ak tlm ioaukt tlmrman tlit li` icrmi`y jmmk pie`.95

:.0.8 Plm Ippcehikt nekiccy rmdmhts tlm ihhusiteak an ècitary tihtehs.:2

:.0.0 Zmfirèkf tlm rmqumst ta cent tlm stiy an mknarhmomkt, tlm Ippcehikt stitms tlm naccawekf4

i) Plm stiy slauc` jm oiektiekm` jmhiusm et es kmhmssiry ta prmvmkt ijusevm cetefiteak

tihtehs ùrekf tlm pmk`mkhy an tlm rmveseak prahmmèkf. Plm Ippcehikt nurtlmr

irfums tlit tlm hlirihtmreziteak an tlm Ippcehiteak is i pcay ta `mciy piyomkt

hikkat jm rmhakhecm` wetl tlm weccekfkmss ta prahmm` wetl jremnekf ak ik

ihhmcmritm` shlmùcm`. Oarmavmr, et es kat ukusuic nar EHXE@ trejukics ta

oiektiek stiys an mknarhmomkt nar mxtmk`m` pmrea`s an teom, ik` ek tles pirtehucir

hism wetl ik mxpmètm` jremnekf shlmùcm tlmrm es ka rmisak ta prmoiturmcy cent tlm

stiy wlmk tlm mkterm rmveseak prahmmèkf lis icoast jmmk haopcmtmcy jremnm`.:9

j)

Plm stiy slauc` kat jm sujdmht ta tlm praveseak an i jikg fuiriktmm sekhm tlmrm es

ka fmkmric haksmksus tlit EHXE@ trejukics livm tlm pawmr ta rmquerm smhurety is i

hakèteak an mxmrhesekf tlm reflt uk`mr tlm EHXE@ Hakvmkteak ta smmg rmveseak an

ik iwir`. Oarmavmr, rmquerekf smhurety wauc` pcihm tlm Oajec Rirtems ek i jmttmr

paseteak tlik tlmy mkdaym` jmnarm tlm Ippcehiteak.::

95 Ippcehikt―s Omoareic, piri. 9>.

:2 Ippcehikt―s Omoareic, piri. 96.

:9 Ippcehikt―s Omoareic, piris. 95-::.

:: Ippcehikt―s Omoareic, piris. :8-:0.


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99

:.0.= Ihharèkfcy, tlm Ippcehikt rmqumst tlit tlm Ippcehiteak jm iòettm`, tlit pirifripl 020

an tlm Iwir` jm rmvesm` is spmhenem` ek pirifripl :.9.0 ijavm, tlit tlm stiy an mknarhmomkt jm

oiektiekm` uktec i `mheseak ak tlm Ippcehiteak es rmk`mrm`, tlit tlm ictmrkitevm rmqumst nar tlm stiy

ta jm pirteiccy centm` ik` hakèteakm` ak tlm praveseak an i jikg fuiriktmm jm rmdmhtm` ik` tlit tlm

Oajec Rirtems jm ar`mrm` ta piy tlm nucc hasts an tlmsm prahmmèkfs, ekhcuèkf ittarkmy―s nmms ik`

mxpmksms.:8

:.=

Hauktmr-Omoareic ek Appaseteak ta tlm Ippcehiteak nar Zmveseak

:.=.9 Ek tlmer Hauktmr-Omoareic, tlm Zmspak`mkts irfum tlit tlm Ippcehiteak4

i) Niecs ta e`mkteny i niht an suhl i kiturm is `mhesevmcy ta innmht tlm Iwir` ar ta

prave`m mve`mkhm tlit tles niht wis ukgkawk ta tlm Prejukic ik` Ippcehikt it tlm

teom tlm Iwir` wis rmk`mrm`. Plm akcy iccmfm` kmw niht es tlm Zmspak`mkts―

ittmopt ta rmhafkezm tlm Iwir`, wlehl is i tlrmslac` oittmr hikkat passejcy

hakstetutm i kmw niht ek tlm smksm an Irtehcm =9(9) an tlm EHXE@ Hakvmkteak.:0

j) Vauc` rmquerm tlm Prejukic ta `mhe`m oittmrs autse`m ets duresèhteak. Nerst, tlm

Ippcehikt―s rmqumst tlit pirifripl 020(m) an tlm Iwir` jm rmvesm` ta rmquerm tlit

tlm rmeojursmomkts ta R@^XI jm oi`m seouctikmauscy wetl tlm sitesnihteak an

tlm Iwir` wauc` rmquerm tlm Prejukic ta rucm ak oittmrs (i) innmhtekf R@^XI ik`

OHK, wlehl irm kat pirtems ta tlm EHXE@ prahmmèkfs7 ik` (j) hakhmrkekf tlm

HKII, avmr wlehl tles Prejukic cihgs duresèhteak.:=

Xmhak`, tlm Ippcehikt―s

:8 Ippcehikt―s Omoareic, piri. :>.

:0 Zmspak`mkts― Hauktmr-Omoareic, piri. -9


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9:

rmqumst tlit pirifripl 020(l) an tlm Iwir` jm rmvesm` ta ekhcu`m ektmrmst ak tlm

rmeojursmomkt wauc` rmquerm i `mtmroekiteak jy tlm Prejukic an wlmtlmr tlm

HKII rmquerms rmeojursmomkt ta ekhcu`m ektmrmst, i oittmr niccekf autse`m tlm

duresèhteak an tlm Prejukic.:>

h) Es prmoesm` ak nicsm haktmkteaks ik` oeshlirihtmreziteaks an tlm rmcmvikt nihts.

Fmkmriccy, tlm Zmspak`mkts haktmk` tlit tlm Ippcehiteak es raatm` ek tlm prmoesm

tlit tlm Iwir` rmquerms tlm Oajec Rirtems ta rmùhm, hrmèt ar annsmt tlm mktermty an

tlm ioaukts ajtiekm` uk`mr tlm EHH iwir` nrao tlm ioaukts ùm uk`mr tlm

EHXE@ Iwir`, wlehl es nicsm. Vlit tlm Iwir` ar`mrs es piyomkt an tlm mkterm

ioaukt ta tlm Oajec Rirtems wlecm rmharèkf OHK―s ajcefiteak ta rmeojursm

R@^XI uk`mr tlm HKII upak rmhmept an tlmsm nuk`s.:6 Plm Zmspak`mkts nurtlmr

`mky tlm iccmfiteak tlit tlmy livm ka ektmkteak an lakarekf tlmer issurikhms tlit

OHK wecc oigm tlm rmeojursmomkt rmquerm` jy tlm HKII ta prmvmkt àujcm

rmhavmry.: Zmspak`mkts― Hauktmr-Omoareic, piris. :9-::.

:6 Zmspak`mkts― Hauktmr-Omoareic, piris. 5-92.

:


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98

kat ippcy ta tlm mkterm ioaukt an haopmksiteak iwir`m` jy tlm EHH Prejukic.:5

Ihharèkfcy, annsmttekf ^mkmzumci―s piyomkt uk`mr tlm EHXE@ Iwir` jy tlm nucc

ioaukt an tlm EHH iwir` wauc` hrmitm i wek`nicc nar tlm Ippcehikt 82 ik` efkarm

tlm rmquermomkt uk`mr tlm HKII tlit rmeojursmomkt jm rmùhm` jy tlm hasts

ekhurrm` ta ajtiek rmcemn nrao ^mkmzumci.89

:.=.: Ek hakhcuseak, tlm Zmspak`mkts rmqumst tlit tlm Prejukic `mky tlm Ippcehiteak ik` iwir`

tlm Oajec Rirtems icc issaheitm` hasts.

:.>

Ippcehikt―s Zmspaksm ta tlm Prejukic―s Yumsteak

:.>.9 Ek rmspaksm ta tlm Prejukic―s qumsteak, tlm Ippcehikt―s paseteak8: es tlit Irtehcm =9(9) an

tlm EHXE@ Hakvmkteak àms kat rmquerm tlit tlm èshavmrm` niht prmìtm tlm Iwir`. Lawmvmr,

mvmk en tles wmrm i rmquermomkt, tlm Ippcehiteak wauc` stecc jm iòessejcm is et ekvacvms nihts

jatl jmnarm ik` intmr tlm Iwir` wis rmk`mrm`, tlm cittmr jmekf i oikenmstiteak ik` rmvmciteak an

tlm naromr.

:.>.: Ek suppart an ets irfuomkt tlit tlmrm es ka teom rmquermomkt uk`mr Irtehcm =9(9) an tlm

EHXE@ Hakvmkteak, tlm Ippcehikt stitms tlit (e) tlm praveseak etsmcn àms kat mxprmsscy rmquerm

tlit tlm niht prmìtm tlm iwir`788 (ee) tlmrm es katlekf ek tlm triviux tlit wauc` cmi` ta tlm

hakhcuseak tlit i teom rmquermomkt mxests780 (eee) Rran. Xhlrmumr ihgkawcm`fms tlm passejecety tlit

:5 Zmspak`mkts― Hauktmr-Omoareic, piris. :


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nihts sujsmqumkt ta ik iwir` oiy fevm resm ta ik ippcehiteak nar rmveseak78= (ev) wlmk ektmrprmtekf

i seoecir praveseak, tlm Murapmik Haurt an Dustehm ihgkawcm`fm` tlit tlm rmcmvikt kmw niht oiy

livm iresmk intmr tlm du`fomkt78> ik` (v) tlm akcy EHD `mheseak ak tlm essum ekvacvm` i niht

momrfekf ymirs intmr tlm du`fomkt tlit hauc` kat livm li` iky eopiht ak et.86

:.6 Zmspak`mkts― Zmspaksm ta tlm Prejukic―s Yumsteak

:.6.9 Plm Zmspak`mkts irfum tlit tlm kmwcy èshavmrm` niht rmnmrrm` ta jy Irtehcm =9(9) an tlm

EHXE@ Hakvmkteak oust prmìtm tlm rmk`mrekf an tlm iwir`. Plm Zmspak`mkts rmihl tles

hakhcuseak jy ikicysekf tlm cikfuifm an tlm irtehcm ik` tlm prihtehm an tlm EHD.

:.6.: Ihharèkf ta tlm Zmspak`mkts, tlm rmoiekekf rmquermomkts an Irtehcm =9(9) an tlm EHXE@

Hakvmkteak rmncmht ik uk`mrstikèkf tlit tlm niht mxestm` prear ta tlm rmk`mrekf an tlm iwir`. Ek

pirtehucir, (e) i niht tlit è` kat mxest jmnarm tlm iwir` hauc` kmvmr livm jmmk gkawk jy tlm

Prejukic, (ee) ets efkarikhm hauc` kmvmr livm jmmk ùm ta kmfcefmkhm7 ik` (eee) suhl ekmxestmkt niht

hauc` kat livm jmmk hipijcm an `mhesevmcy innmhtekf tlm iwir`.89 an tlm Xtitutm an tlm

HDD, ak wlehl Irtehcm =9(9) es jism`.85

:.6.0 Nekiccy, tlm Zmspak`mkts ihgkawcm`fm tlm patmkteic mxhmpteak rmnmrrm` ta jy Rranmssar

Xhlrmumr rmcitekf ta hasts jut hakse`mr tlit et es kat ippcehijcm ta tlm prmsmkt hism, sekhm tlm

Ippcehiteak es kat jism` ak i kmw niht tlit rmcitms ta hasts.02

8= Ippcehikt―s cmttmr an 95 Oirhl :29=, piri. 0.

8> Ippcehikt―s cmttmr an 95 Oirhl :29=, piri. 8.

86 Ippcehikt―s cmttmr an 95 Oirhl :29=, piris. =->.

8-9=.


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8. PLM PZEJ]KIC―X IKICUXEX

8.9.9 Irtehcm =9 an tlm EHXE@ Hakvmkteak rmi`s is naccaws4

–(9) Mihl Rirty oiy rmqumst rmveseak an tlm iwir` jy ik ippcehiteak ek wretekf i``rmssm` ta

tlm Xmhrmtiry-Fmkmric ak tlm frauk` an èshavmry an saom niht an suhl i kiturm is `mhesevmcy

ta innmht tlm iwir`, prave`m` tlit wlmk tlm iwir` wis rmk`mrm` tlit niht wis ukgkawk ta tlm

trejukic ik` ta tlm ippcehikt ik` tlit tlm ippcehikt―s efkarikhm an tlm niht wis kat ùm ta

kmfcefmkhm.

(:) Plm ippcehiteak slicc jm oi`m wetlek 52 ìys intmr tlm èshavmry an suhl niht ik` ek iky

mvmkt wetlek tlrmm ymirs intmr tlm ìtm ak wlehl tlm iwir` wis rmk`mrm`.‟

8.9.: Plm tmxt an tlm EHXE@ Hakvmkteak oust jm ektmrprmtm` –ek faa` nietl ek ihharìkhm wetl

tlm arèkiry omikekf ta jm fevmk ta tlm tmros an tlm trmity ek tlm haktmxt ik` ek tlm ceflt an ets

ajdmht ik` purpasm‟, ek ihharìkhm wetl Irtehcm 89(9) an tlm êmkki Hakvmkteak ak tlm Ciw an

Prmitems.09

8.9.8 Plm Prejukic katms tlit, uk`mr Irtehcm =9 an tlm EHXE@ Hakvmkteak, ik ippcehiteak nar

rmveseak oust sitesny tlm naccawekf hakèteaks4

i) tlm ippcehiteak slauc` jm jism` upak tlm –èshavmry‟ an i –niht‟7

j)

tlm niht, tlm èshavmry an wlehl es rmcem` ak, oust jm –an suhl i kiturm is`mhesevmcy ta innmht tlm iwir`‟7

h)

tlm niht slauc` livm jmmk –ukgkawk‟ ta tlm Prejukic ik` ta tlm ippcehikt –wlmktlm iwir` wis rmk`mrm`‟7

`) tlm ippcehikt―s efkarikhm an tlm niht oust kat jm ùm ta –kmfcefmkhm‟7 ik`

02 Zmspak`mkts― cmttmr an 95 Oirhl :29=, piris. 9>-95.


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m) tlm ippcehiteak nar rmveseak oust jm oi`m wetlek 52 ìys intmr tlm èshavmry an tlmniht ik` ek iky mvmkt wetlek tlrmm ymirs intmr tlm ìtm ak wlehl tlm iwir` wisrmk`mrm`.

8.9.0

Plm Prejukic hakse`mrs tlit tlmsm hakstetutm huoucitevm rmquermomkts ik` tlit, en iky

ioakf tlmo es kat omt, tlm ippcehiteak oust jm èsoessm`.

8.9.= Naccawekf tlm Prejukic―s rmqumst tlit tlm Rirtems prave`m tlmer haoomkts ak wlmtlmr et

wis icsa i hakèteak uk`mr Irtehcm =9(9) an tlm EHXE@ Hakvmkteak tlit tlm èshavmrm` niht

prmìtm tlm Iwir`, tlm Zmspak`mkts haktmk`m` tlit –tlm kmwcy èshavmrm` niht oust jm i niht

tlit prmìtms tlm rmk`mrekf an tlm Iwir`.‟0:

8.9.> Ek rmspaksm ta tlm siom qumsteak, tlm Ippcehikt stitm` tlit tlm èshavmrm` niht –oiy livm

jmmk prm-mxestekf ar oiy livm iresmk sujsmqumkt ta tlm iwir`‟. Lawmvmr, tlm Ippcehikt i``m`,

–tlm rmicety ek tles hism es tlit tlm stmps tigmk jy tlm Oajec Rirtems eoomèitmcy intmr tlm

rmk`mrekf an tlm Iwir` irm ekmxtrehijcy cekgm` ta tlm ektmkteaks ik` stritmfy naroucitm` jy tlm

Oajec Rirtems prear ta tlm Iwir` wlmk tlmy oi`m tlmer rmprmsmktiteaks ta tlm Prejukic, wlehl

ektmkteaks ik` stritmfy wmrm ukgkawk ta metlmr tlm Prejukic ar tlm Ippcehikt uktec tlmy wmrm

rmvmicm` intmr tlm rmk`mrekf an tlm Iwir`, wlmk tlm Oajec Rirtems sauflt ta mknarhm tlm nucc

ioaukt an tlm Iwir` wetlaut rmhafketeak an tlm haopmksiteak icrmi`y pie` ek :29: ar mvmk iky

ektmrmst tlmrmak.‟08 Plm Ippcehikt hakhcu`m` tlit tles hism ekvacvms –nihts jatl jmnarm ik` intmr

tlm iwir` wis rmk`mrm`, tlm cittmr jmekf i oikenmstiteak ik` rmvmciteak an tlm naromr.‟ 00

0: Zmspak`mkts― cmttmr an 95 Oihl :29=, p. 9.

08 Ippcehikt―s cmttmr an 95 Oihl :29=, piri. 9.

00 Ippcehikt―s cmttmr an 95 Oihl :29=, piri. 6.


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8.9.6 Plm Prejukic uk`mrstik`s tlit ^mkmzumci―s paseteak es tlit tlmrm es ka rmquermomkt uk`mr

Irtehcm =9(9) an tlm EHXE@ Hakvmkteak tlit tlm èshavmrm` niht prmìtm tlm Iwir`. Lawmvmr,

tles rmquermomkt, mvmk en et mxestm`, wauc` jm errmcmvikt ek tlm prmsmkt hism jmhiusm tlm past-

iwir` nihts irm kat rmcem` ak ek`mpmk`mktcy jut ek hakkmhteak wetl prm-iwir` nihts. Xpmhenehiccy,

tlm Ippcehikt irfums ik ekmxtrehijcm cekg jmtwmmk tlm twa, wlmrm tlm sujsmqumkt nihts hakstetutm

i rmvmciteak an tlm prear nihts. Ek atlmr war`s, tlm sujsmqumkt nihts irm prmsmktm` is mve`mkhm an

tlm prear nihts.

Vlmtlmr tlm èshavmrm` niht lis ta prmìtm tlm iwir` uk`mr Irtehcm =9(9) an tlm EHXE@

Hakvmkteak

8.9. (eee) Rran. Xhlrmumr ihgkawcm`fms tlm passejecety tlit nihts

sujsmqumkt ta ik iwir` oiy fevm resm ta ik ippcehiteak nar rmveseak706 (ev) wlmk ektmrprmtekf i

seoecir praveseak, tlm Murapmik Haurt an Dustehm ihgkawcm`fm` tlit tlm rmcmvikt kmw niht oiy

livm iresmk intmr tlm du`fomkt70 Ippcehikt―s cmttmr an 95 Oirhl :29=, piri. :.

06 Ippcehikt―s cmttmr an 95 Oirhl :29=, piri. 0.

0.


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8.9.5 Vlecm et es trum tlit Irtehcm =9(9) àms kat mxprmsscy rmquerm tlit tlm èshavmrm` niht

prmìtm tlm Iwir`, jatl tlm tmxtuic eopcehiteaks an tlm praveseak is wmcc is ets ajdmht ik`

purpasm haknero tlit tlm èshavmrm` niht kmm`s ta livm mxestm` jmnarm tlm Iwir` wis rmk`mrm`.

8.9.92

Plm Prejukic ajsmrvms tlit, uk`mr Irtehcm =9(9) an tlm EHXE@ Hakvmkteak, ik ippcehiteak

nar rmveseak an ik iwir` rmquerms tlit (e) tlm niht –wis ukgkawk‟ ik` tlit (ee) efkarikhm an tlm

niht –oust kat jm ùm ta kmfcefmkhm‟. Plmsm rmquermomkts oust jm omt –wlmk tlm iwir` wis

rmk`mrm`‟.

8.9.99

Plus, Irtehcm =9 prmsuppasms tlit tlm rmcmvikt niht hauc` livm jmmk gkawk wlmk tlm

iwir` wis rmk`mrm` ik` tlit, li` et kat jmmk gkawk, sie` efkarikhm hauc` livm jmmk ùm ta

kmfcefmkhm wlmk tlm iwir` wis rmk`mrm` . Akcy i niht tlit mxestm` wlmk tlm iwir` wis rmk`mrm`

hauc` livm jmmk gkawk wlmk tlm iwir` wis rmk`mrm`. Akcy efkarikhm an i niht tlit mxestm`

wlmk tlm iwir` wis rmk`mrm` hauc` jm ùm ta kmfcefmkhm. Et naccaws tlit akcy i niht tlit mxestm`

wlmk tlm iwir` wis rmk`mrm` oiy naro tlm jises nar i rmqumst nar rmveseak uk`mr Irtehcm =9(9) an

tlm EHXE@ Hakvmkteak.

8.9.9: Plit ektmrprmtiteak kat akcy harrmspak`s ta tlm tmros an Irtehcm =9(9), jut icsa ta ets

ajdmht ik` purpasm. Plm hakhmpt an rmveseak i`vmrsmcy innmhts tlm prekhepcm an rms duèhiti ik` es

tlmrmnarm hipijcm an eopierekf tlm stijecety an cmfic rmciteaks.=2 Et es kat ihhmptm` ek icc irjetric

rucms=9 ik`, wlmk ihhmptm`, et oust rmoiek mxhmpteakic.

8.9.98 Plm Prejukic ihgkawcm`fms Rran. Xhlrmumr―s apekeak tlit –Wm_mxhmpteakiccy, i kmw niht

oiy iresm intmr tlm iwir` lis jmmk haopcmtm` tlit oiy jm ik ipprapreitm jises nar rmveseak. Nar

=2 Xl. Zasmkkm, Plm Ciw ik` Rrihtehm an tlm Ektmrkiteakic Haurt , âc. EEE, 9>6 9.

=9 Hlrestapl Xhlrmumr mt ic., Plm EHXE@ Hakvmkteak4 I Haoomktiry (:k` m`. :225), p.


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ekstikhm, piyomkts oi`m ta EHXE@ tawir`s tlm hasts an prahmmèkfs intmr tlm iwir`s― haopcmteak

ar cmfic nmms tlit irm jeccm` intmr tlm iwir`―s sefkiturm wecc kat jm rmncmhtm` ek tlm iwir`―s

`mtmroekiteak ak hasts.‟=: Lawmvmr, tlm Prejukic katms tlit Irtehcm =9 an tlm EHXE@ Hakvmkteak

àms kat haktmopcitm mxhmpteaks. Ek iky mvmkt, tlm mxhmpteak rmnmrrm` ta jy Rran. Xhlrmumr

wauc` kat jm ippcehijcm ek tlm prmsmkt hism.

8.9.90 Plm Prejukic ajsmrvms tlit tlmrm irm nmw hisms `micekf wetl rmveseak, ekhcuèkf kak-

EHXE@ hisms, ik` tlit jatl Rirtems livm rmcem` ak du`fomkts an ektmrkiteakic haurts ek nurtlmrikhm

an tlmer irfuomkts. Ihharèkf ta tlm Ippcehikt, tlm MHD lis ihgkawcm`fm` tlit nihts ahhurrekf

intmr tlm essuikhm an i du`fomkt oiy hakstetutm frauk`s nar ik ippcehiteak nar rmveseak,=8 wlmrmis

tlm EHD―s haktriry paseteak àms kat ippcy ta tlm prmsmkt hism is et es èstekfueslijcm ak tlm

nihts.=0 Pa tlm haktriry, tlm Zmspak`mkts rmcy ak tlm EHD―s rmisakekf jmhiusm Irtehcm =9 an tlm

EHXE@ Hakvmkteak wis oa`mcm` intmr Irtehcm >9 an tlm EHD Xtitum,== ik` jmhiusm tlmrm es ka

sujstiktevm ènnmrmkhm jmtwmmk tlm tmxts an tlmsm irtehcms tlit hauc` dusteny i ènnmrmkt

ektmrprmtiteak.=>

8.9.9= Plm Prejukic àms kat ifrmm tlit tlm MHD ihgkawcm`fm` ek Dmik-Nrikæaes Nmrrikè v.

Haooesseak an tlm Murapmik Haoouketems=6 tlit nihts ahhurrekf intmr tlm essuikhm an i du`fomkt

oiy hakstetutm frauk`s nar ik ippcehiteak nar rmveseak. Ek niht, tlm MHD àms kat i``rmss tles

essum. Plm ippcehiteak ek tlit hism wis `mmom` ekiòessejcm ak tlm frauk`s tlit et wis ukteomcy

=: Hlrestapl Xhlrmumr mt ic., Plm EHXE@ Hakvmkteak4 I Haoomktiry (:k` m`. :225), pp. Zmspak`mkt―s cmttmr an 95 Oirhl :29=, piris. 99-9=.

=6 Dmik-Nrikæaes Nmrrikè v. Haooesseak an tlm Murapmik Haoouketems, Hism H-028/


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:2

necm`. Hakvmrsmcy, tlm Murapmik Haurt an Dustehm i``rmssm` tles essum ek Zesmrei Oa`mkmsm Xrc v

Haukhec ik` Haooesseak an tlm Murapmik Haoouketems ik` Jerri Rmrake XpI, wlmrm et `mhe`m`

tlit tlm iòessejecety an ik ippcehiteak nar rmveseak es hakèteakic ak tlm mxestmkhm an i niht

–iktmìtekf tlm `mcevmry an tlm du`fomkt‟.= Plm Prejukic èsifrmms wetl tlm Ippcehikt―s issmssomkt an tlm EHD―s du`fomkt ek Jaskei

ik` Lmrzmfaveki v. Uufascivei=5 wlmk ektmrprmtekf Irtehcm >9 an tlm EHD Xtitutm. Ek :228, tlm

Haurt li` ta mxioekm i rmqumst prmsmktm` jy Uufascivei ta rmvesm i du`fomkt rmk`mrm` ek 955>.

Uufascivei wis ektmr icei naukèkf ets rmqumst ak i niht wlehl ahhurrm` ek :222. Plm Haurt

`mhe`m` tlit et hauc` kat jm rmfir`m` is –i kmw niht wetlek tlm omikekf an Irtehcm >9 hipijcm an

naukèkf i rmqumst nar rmveseak an tlit Du`fomkt‟.>2

8.9.96 Ek tlit hism, tlm EHD spmhenehiccy i``rmssm` tlm essum an wlmtlmr tlm èshavmrm` niht li` ta

prmìtm tlm du`fomkt, ik` rmihlm` tlm hakhcuseak tlit Irtehcm >9 an tlm EHD Xtitutm, ak wlehl

Irtehcm =9 an tlm EHXE@ Hakvmkteak wis oa`mccm`,>9 rmnmrs ta –i niht mxestekf it tlm teom wlmk

tlm du`fomkt wis fevmk ik` èshavmrm` sujsmqumktcy. I niht wlehl ahhurs smvmric ymirs intmr i

du`fomkt lis jmmk fevmk es kat i “kmw― niht wetlek tlm omikekf an Irtehcm >9. Ples rmoieks tlm

hism errmspmhtevm an tlm cmfic haksmqumkhms tlit suhl i niht oiy livm.‟>: Plm Haurt wmkt ak ta

=6/2 Ippcehiteak nar Zmveseak an tlm Du`fomkt an 99 Ducy 955> ek tlm Hism Hakhmrkekf Ippcehiteak an tlm Hakvmkteak ak tlmRrmvmkteak ik` Rukeslomkt an tlm Hreom an Fmkahe`m (Jaskei ik` Lmrzmfaveki v. Uufascivei), Rrmceoekiry Ajdmhteaks(Uufascivei v. Jaskei ik` Lmrzmfaveki), Du`fomkt an Nmjruiry 8, :228, E.H.D. ZMRAZPX :228, piri >9 Hlrestapl Xhlrmumr mt ic., Plm EHXE@ Hakvmkteak4 I Haoomktiry (:k` m`. :225), p. : Ippcehiteak nar Zmveseak an tlm Du`fomkt an 99 Ducy 955> ek tlm Hism Hakhmrkekf Ippcehiteak an tlm Hakvmkteak ak tlmRrmvmkteak ik` Rukeslomkt an tlm Hreom an Fmkahe`m (Jaskei ik` Lmrzmfaveki v. Uufascivei), Rrmceoekiry Ajdmhteaks(Uufascivei v. Jaskei ik` Lmrzmfaveki), Du`fomkt an Nmjruiry 8, :228, E.H.D. ZMRAZPX :228, piri. >6.


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:9

ikicyzm tlm cmfic haksmqumkhms an tlm iccmfm` kmw nihts ik` hakhcu`m` tlit tlmy è` kat livm tlm

mnnmhts sauflt jy tlm ippcehikt ik`, mvmk en tlmy è`, tlmy è` kat hakstetutm nihts ek tlm smksm an

Irtehcm >9.>8

8.9.9<

Plm siom sacuteak lis jmmk rmtiekm` jy i kuojmr an irjetric trejukics ek haopirijcm

herhuostikhms. Plus, tlm Nrikha-Jucfireik Oexm` Irjetric Prejukic lmc` ek 95:5 tlit –tlm usm an

tlm war` “èshavmry― eopcems ukqumsteakijcy tlm mxestmkhm an tlm niht, wlehl wis ukgkawk ta tlm

Prejukic, it tlm teom wlmk et fivm tlm `mheseak.‟>0

8.9.95

Plm Prejukic katms tlit icc ektmrkiteakic haurts ik` trejukics wlehl li` tlm appartukety ta

hakse`mr tlm oittmr irrevm` it tlm hakhcuseak rmihlm` jy tles Prejukic ek pirifripls 8.9.92 ta

8.9.99 ijavm. ]k`mr Irtehcm =9(9) an tlm EHXE@ Hakvmkteak, ik ippcehiteak nar rmveseak rmquerms

tlit tlm niht oatevitekf et mxestm` wlmk tlm iwir` wis rmk`mrm`. Nihts iresekf intmr tlm iwir`

wis rmk`mrm` irm kat hipijcm an nukèkf ik ippcehiteak nar rmveseak uk`mr Irtehcm =9(9) an tlm

EHXE@ Hakvmkteak. Ihharèkfcy, ik ippcehiteak tlit rmcems ak past-iwir` nihts es kat iòessejcm.

Vlmtlmr tlm Ippcehiteak rmcems ak nihts tlit prmìtm tlm Iwir`

8.9.:2 Plm Prejukic rmhiccs tlit ^mkmzumci―s paseteak lis slentm` nrao jmekf jism` ak past-

iwir` nihts ta jmekf jism` ak prm- ik` past-iwir` nihts, wlmrm tlm nihts iresekf intmr tlm iwir`

wis rmk`mrm` smrvm is mve`mkhm an tlm nihts iresekf jmnarm tlm iwir` wis rmk`mrm`.

>8 Ippcehiteak nar Zmveseak an tlm Du`fomkt an 99 Ducy 955> ek tlm Hism Hakhmrkekf Ippcehiteak an tlm Hakvmkteak ak tlmRrmvmkteak ik` Rukeslomkt an tlm Hreom an Fmkahe`m (Jaskei ik` Lmrzmfaveki v. Uufascivei), Rrmceoekiry Ajdmhteaks(Uufascivei v. Jaskei ik` Lmrzmfaveki), Du`fomkt an Nmjruiry 8, :228, E.H.D. ZMRAZPX :228, piri. >5.

>0 Jittus hism, Nrikha-Jucfireik Oexm` Irjetric Prejukic, Z@PIO, vac E\, p. :7 Fuecciuom Grehlmc hism Z@PIO,95:07 Atzmkjmrfmr hism, Z@PIO 95:5, vac E\, p.:6:.


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8.9.:9 Plm iccmfm` nihts prmìtekf tlm Iwir` irm e`mktenem` is –ektmkteaks ik` stritmfy‟. Plm

Prejukic hakse`mrs tlit –ektmkteaks ik` stritmfy‟ oiy ar oiy kat oitmreicezm ekta nihts.

Ektmkteaks ik` stritmfy hlirihtmresm i stitm an oek` ik` à kat hakstetutm mvmkts tlit oiy jm

hakse`mrm` nihts ek tlm smksm an Irtehcm =9(9) an tlm EHXE@ Hakvmkteak. Ihharèkfcy, mvmk en tlm

Prejukic wmrm oek`m` ta nek` tlit ik ippcehiteak nar rmveseak uk`mr Irtehcm =9(9) an tlm EHXE@

Hakvmkteak oiy jm jism` ak tlm èshavmry an past-iwir` nihts rmcem` ak is mve`mkhm an prm-

iwir` nihts, tlm Ippcehiteak wauc` stecc jm èsoessm` nar wikt an prm-iwir` nihts.

8.9.:: Oarmavmr, mvmk en ektmkteaks ik` stritmfy wmrm hakse`mrm` nihts, tlm Ippcehikt lis kat

prave`m` mve`mkhm an tlm Oajec Rirtems― ektmkteaks ik` stritmfy it tlm teom tlm haktmstm`

rmprmsmktiteaks wmrm oi`m ta tlm Prejukic ek tlm arefekic prahmmèkf.

8.9.:8 Xekhm tlm akcy nihts rmcem` ak ek tlm Ippcehiteak irasm intmr tlm Iwir` li` jmmk rmk`mrm`

ik` livm ka hakkmhteak ta prm-iwir` nihts ek tlm smksm an Irtehcm =9(9) an tlm EHXE@ Hakvmkteak,

tlm Prejukic nek`s tlit tlm Ippcehiteak es kat iòessejcm. Is i haksmqumkhm, tlm Prejukic

èsoessms tlm Ippcehiteak ek ets mktermty.

8.: Xtiy an Mknarhmomkt

8.:.9 Zucm =0 an tlm EHXE@ Irjetriteak Zucms stitms is naccaws4

–(9) Plm pirty ippcyekf nar tlm ektmrprmtiteak, rmveseak ar ikkucomkt an ik iwir` oiy ek ets

ippcehiteak, ik` metlmr pirty oiy it iky teom jmnarm tlm nekic èspaseteak an tlm ippcehiteak,

rmqumst i stiy ek tlm mknarhmomkt an pirt ar icc an tlm iwir` ta wlehl tlm ippcehiteak rmcitms.

Plm Prejukic ar Haooettmm slicc fevm prearety ta tlm hakse`mriteak an suhl i rmqumst.

(:) En ik ippcehiteak nar tlm rmveseak ar ikkucomkt an ik iwir` haktieks i rmqumst nar i stiy an

ets mknarhmomkt, tlm Xmhrmtiry-Fmkmric slicc, tafmtlmr wetl tlm katehm an rmfestriteak, eknaro


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:8

jatl pirtems an tlm praveseakic stiy an tlm iwir`. Is saak is tlm Prejukic ar Haooettmm es

hakstetutm` et slicc, en metlmr pirty rmqumsts, rucm wetlek 82 ìys ak wlmtlmr suhl stiy slauc` jm

haktekum`7 ukcmss et `mhe`ms ta haktekum tlm stiy, et slicc iutaoitehiccy jm tmroekitm`.

(8) En i stiy an mknarhmomkt lis jmmk friktm` pursuikt ta pirifripl (9) ar haktekum` pursuikt

ta pirifripl (:), tlm Prejukic ar Haooettmm oiy it iky teom oaèny ar tmroekitm tlm stiy it

tlm rmqumst an metlmr pirty. Icc stiys slicc iutaoitehiccy tmroekitm ak tlm ìtm ak wlehl i nekic

`mheseak es rmk`mrm` ak tlm ippcehiteak, mxhmpt tlit i Haooettmm friktekf tlm pirteic

ikkucomkt an ik iwir` oiy ar`mr tlm tmopariry stiy an mknarhmomkt an tlm ukikkuccm`

parteak ek ar`mr ta fevm metlmr pirty ik appartukety ta rmqumst iky kmw Prejukic hakstetutm`

pursuikt ta Irtehcm =:(>) an tlm Hakvmkteak ta frikt i stiy pursuikt ta Zucm ==(8).

(0) I rmqumst pursuikt ta pirifripl (9), (:) (smhak` smktmkhm) ar (8) slicc spmheny tlm

herhuostikhms tlit rmquerm tlm stiy ar ets oaènehiteak ar tmroekiteak. I rmqumst slicc akcy jm

friktm` intmr tlm Prejukic ar Haooettmm lis fevmk mihl pirty ik appartukety an prmsmktekf ets

ajsmrviteaks.

(=) Plm Xmhrmtiry-Fmkmric slicc praoptcy kateny jatl pirtems an tlm stiy an mknarhmomkt an iky

iwir` ik` an tlm oaènehiteak ar tmroekiteak an suhl i stiy, wlehl slicc jmhaom mnnmhtevm ak

tlm ìtm ak wlehl lm èspithlms suhl katenehiteak.‟

8.:.: Ek tlm prmsmkt hism, i praveseakic stiy wis friktm` jy tlm Xmhrmtiry-Fmkmric upak

rmfestriteak an tlm Ippcehiteak, ek ihharìkhm wetl EHXE@ Irjetriteak Zucm =0(:). Xujsmqumktcy,

tlm Prejukic `mhe`m` ta haktekum tlm stiy ek Xmhteak 9= an Rrahmùric Ar`mr Ka. 9, ek ihharìkhm

wetl tlm cist smktmkhm an tlm siom praveseak an tlm EHXE@ Irjetriteak Zucms.

8.:.8 Ek ihharìkhm wetl EHXE@ Irjetriteak Zucm =0(8), tlm stiy es iutaoitehiccy tmroekitm` ak

tlm ìtm an rmk`mrekf an tles @mheseak.

0. HAXPX


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:0

0.9.9 Irtehcm >9(:) an tlm EHXE@ Hakvmkteak stitms is naccaws4

–Ek tlm hism an irjetriteak prahmmèkfs tlm Prejukic slicc, mxhmpt is tlm pirtems atlmrwesm

ifrmm, issmss tlm mxpmksms ekhurrm` jy tlm pirtems ek hakkmhteak wetl tlm prahmmèkfs, ik`

slicc `mhe`m law ik` jy wlao tlasm mxpmksms, tlm nmms ik` mxpmksms an tlm omojmrs an tlm

Prejukic ik` tlm hlirfms nar tlm usm an tlm nihecetems an tlm Hmktrm slicc jm pie`. Xuhl `mheseak

slicc naro pirt an tlm iwir`.‟

0.9.: Plm Rirtems ifrmm` tlm naccawekf ek Xmhteak 8(:) an Rrahmùric Ar`mr Ka. 94

–Plm Prejukic―s issmssomkt an tlm hasts smt nartl ek Hakvmkteak Irtehcm >9(:), ik` ets `mheseak

pursuikt ta tlit Irtehcm is ta law ik` jy wlao tlasm hasts slauc` jm pie`, oiy jm smt nartl it

tlm Prejukic―s èshrmteak ek tlm @mheseak ar ek akm ar oarm smpiritm Ar`mrs prmhmèkf ar

sujsmqumkt ta tlm @mheseak. Mihl Rirty oiy prmsmkt, ek i`èteak ta tlm eknaroiteak rmquerm`

jy Irjetriteak Zucm :


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:=

0.9.= ^mkmzumci lis necm` ik ippcehiteak nar ikkucomkt an tlm Iwir`, ek i`èteak ta tlm

Ippcehiteak tlit treffmrm` tlm hurrmkt rmveseak prahmmèkfs. Plm Prejukic katms tlit piriccmc

past-iwir` prahmmèkfs rmcitekf ta tlm siom iwir` irm pmroettm` uk`mr tlm EHXE@ Hakvmkteak.

Ek niht, hakhurrmkt ar avmrcippekf ippcehiteaks oiy hakstetutm tlm akcy prahmùric ivmkum nar i

pirty smmgekf tlm ictmrkitevm ippcehiteak an tlmsm rmomèms is i haksmqumkhm an tlm teom ceoets

mkvesifm` ek tlm Hakvmkteak. Ihharèkfcy, tlm Prejukic hikkat hakhcu`m ak tles frauk` tlit tlm

Ippcehiteak wis necm` nar tlm sacm purpasm an `mciyekf mknarhmomkt.

0.9.> Ak tlm atlmr lik`, tlm Ippcehiteak lis jmmk èsoessm` is ekiòessejcm ak tlm frauk`s

tlit et es kat jism` ak prm-iwir` nihts. Mvmry ektmrkiteakic haurt ik` trejukic hakse`mrekf tles

essum ek tlm haktmxt an i rmveseak prahmmèkf lis `mhe`m` tlit tlm èshavmrm` niht oust prmìtm tlm

iwir`. Lawmvmr, tlm Ippcehiteak wis arefekiccy jism` ak past-iwir` nihts akcy. Oarmavmr,

^mkmzumci lis haksestmktcy rmcem` ak tlm past-iwir` kiturm an tlm iccmfm` nihts ta sujstikteitm

ikatlmr rmquermomkt an Irtehcm =9(9) an tlm EHXE@ Hakvmkteak, kiomcy tlit tlm èshavmrm` niht

jm ukgkawk wlmk tlm iwir` wis rmk`mrm`. Ek tles smksm, ^mkmzumci irfum` tlit nihts iresekf

intmr tlm Iwir` wis rmk`mrm` –hauc` akcy jmhaom gkawk intmr tlm Iwir`‟. Et wis akcy wlmk

tlm Prejukic ekvetm` tlm Rirtems ta sujoet tlmer paseteaks ak tlm teomcekmss an tlm èshavmrm` nihts

tlit tlm Ippcehikt slentm` ta i paseteak ihharèkf ta wlehl tlm past-iwir` nihts hakstetutm` omrm

mve`mkhm an prm-iwir` nihts.

0.9.6 Plm Prejukic hakse`mrs tlit tlm hlikfm ek tlm Ippcehikt―s paseteak es tlm rmsuct an tlm

spmm`y prmpiriteak an tlm Ippcehiteak naccawekf tlm Oajec Rirtems― ittmopt ta mknarhm tlm Iwir`

akm ìy intmr et li` jmmk rmk`mrm`. Ihharèkfcy, tlm Prejukic nek`s tlit tlm purpasm an tlm

Ippcehiteak wis kat ta rmqumst tlm rmveseak an tlm Iwir` ak tlm jises an i fmkuekm hakhmrk tlit


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:>

ik ukgkawk `mhesevm niht li` jmmk cmnt aut, jut ritlmr ta lek`mr tlm Zmspak`mkts― swent ittmopt it

mknarhmomkt.

0.9.8 ik` FJR 8:,=>9.9>.

0.9.5 Plm Ippcehikt―s cmfic nmms ioaukt ta ]X@ 9=6,555.:=.

0.9.92 Ek tlm mxmrhesm an tlm èshrmteak friktm` ta tlm Prejukic jy Irtehcm >9(9) an tlm EHXE@

Hakvmkteak is wmcc is Xmhteak 8(:) an Rrahmùric Ar`mr Ka. 9, tlm Prejukic nek`s et ipprapreitm ta

iwir` (e) icc an tlm hasts an tlm prahmmèkfs, ekhcuèkf EHXE@―s iòekestritevm nmms ik` mxpmksms

ik` tlm Prejukic―s nmms ik` mxpmksms,>= is wmcc is (ee) icc an tlmer cmfic nmms ik` mxpmksms ta tlm

Oajec Rirtems. Ek oigekf tles `mheseak, tlm Prejukic lis tigmk ekta ihhaukt tlm herhuostikhms

`mshrejm` ek pirifripls 0.9.> ta 0.9.6 ijavm. Ihharèkfcy, tlm Ippcehikt slicc piy tlm Oajec

Rirtems tlm naccawekf ioaukts4

i) ]X@ ]X@58,0>8 ik` FJR8:,=>9.9> is cmfic nmms ik` mxpmksms7

ik`

j) icc an tlm hasts an tlm prahmmèkfs, akhm tlmy livm jmmk `mneketmcy

mstijceslm` jy EHXE@ ik` ka citmr tlik 82 ìys intmr EHXE@ lis

katenem` tlm Nekic Nekikheic Xtitmomkt ta tlm Rirtems.

>= Plm hasts an tlm prahmmèkfs, wlehl ekhcu`m tlm Prejukic―s nmms ik` mxpmksms is wmcc is EHXE@―s iòekestritevm nmms ik`mxpmksms, irm pie` aut an tlm `mpaset ak hasts oi`m jy tlm Rirtems. Plm EHXE@ Xmhrmtireit wecc prave`m tlm Rirtems wetl ik

Ektmreo Nekikheic Xtitmomkt an tlm hism ihhaukt is an tlm ìtm an tles @mheseak. I `mtiecm` Nekic Nekikheic Xtitmomkt antlm hism ihhaukt wecc jm pravè m` is saak is icc ekvaehms irm rmhmevm` ik` tlm ihhaukt es nekic. Plm rmoiekekf jicikhm ektlm ihhaukt wecc jm rmeojursm` jy EHXE@ ta tlm Rirtems ek praparteak ta tlm piyomkts tlit tlmy i`vikhm` ta EHXE@.


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:6

=. @MHEXEAK

=.9. Nar tlm rmisaks stitm` ijavm, ek ihharìkhm wetl Irtehcm =9 an tlm EHXE@ Hakvmkteak, tlm

Irjetric Prejukic oigms tlm naccawekf @mheseak, wlehl slicc jmhaom pirt an ets Iwir` ìtm` 5

Ahtajmr :2904

(e) Plm Ippcehiteak nar Zmveseak es èsoessm` is ekiòessejcm7

(ee)

Plm stiy an mknarhmomkt es lmrmjy iutaoitehiccy tmroekitm`7 ik`

(eee) Plm Ippcehikt slicc jmir icc hasts rmcitm` ta tlm prahmmèkf, ekhcuèkf tlm

iòekestritevm nmms ik` mxpmksms an tlm Hmktrm, tlm nmms ik` mxpmksms an tlm

Omojmrs an tlm Prejukic ik` tlm hasts ik` cmfic nmms an tlm Oajec Rirtems, is

`mshrejm` ek pirifripl 0.9.92 ijavm.


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> Oiy :29= :< Iprec :29=

99 Oiy :29=

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exxonmobil v venezuela - icsid - decision rejecting venezuela revision - 12 june 2015

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