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FACTORS AFFECTING THE READINESS OF SCIIML IIEALTH

TEACffiRS TO PRE\IENT At{D CONTROL DENGJE HAEIvIORRHAGIC

FE\IER IN PRIMARY SCHooL, PATHI]M-THANI PROVINCE

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Thesis Title

Name

Degree

Thes i s

Date of

n

Factors Affecting the Readiness of School'Health

Teachers to Prevent and Control Dengue Ilaemorrhagic

Fever in Primary School, Pathum-thani Province.

Manee Sukprasert

Master of Science (Epidemiology)

Supe rv i sory Conqni-t t ee

Sara ra t Yongcb'a iyudha M.D. ,Ph.D. (IVash ington)

Such i t ra Ninrmonn i tya M.D. ,M. P .E- (Ya I e )

Paengj an Roj anav ipart B. Sc. ,M. Sc. (Bios ),M.HS. (Bi os )

Roongroto Poomriew B.Sc. (Eons) 'M.A.,M.P.H. ,Ph:D.

Graduat ion l5 May 8.E.2540 (1997)

ABSTRACT

The objectives of this study were to find out the level of

readiness, the factors rolated to roadiness and to identify factors

pr"dicting the readinoss of school health teachers to prevent and

contfol dongue haemorrhagic fever (DHF) in primary school' Prathum-

thani Province including the level of knowledge about DIIF from students

in primary sc.hools. 172 school health teachers and 450 students were

rocruited. The. data used in this study were ascertained fron th,e


subjects by self-administered questionnaires.

{

The descriptive

tiple regression andstatistics, rlllltiple correlationn stepwise mul

one - way AI{OVA were used in the data analysis.

The results indicated that the level of readiness of school

health teachers to prevent and control dengue haemorrhagic fever in

primary schools were moderate (about 68.60%). The factors that related

to the .readiness were &ga, duration of working for school health

teachers, hours of teaching per week, hours per month of practice

for prevent and control DHF program, supervising, Ilygiene Factors

and Mot ivator Factors. The factors that can predict the readiness

of school health teachers to prevent and control DIIF in primary schools

were Motivator Factors, Hygiene Factors and duration of working, the

value of prediction of al I t.hese factors were moderate (60.00%). The

students from primary schools in Pathum-Thani Province had Knowledge

about DI{F at moderate level (about 60.20a/o'). The sixth class student

had the most knowledge.


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luodn rirl#hiarurrorltuttrorn:ofnrr r6nIcn'ld ( to)

f eve r /D[rF ) rflul:nd t fint r nnt r6^nlrn'l{ita-onogRtnlda (Dengue hemorrhagi c fever/DIIF) tilul:ntilRn0'lRRltna

rCs|aiarrufi. ( Dengue vi rus )(r ,2,3,4,5) rrirdnuluiloqriuii + tfin 6o D"ogo"

v i rus t - 4 (t, 2,s, 4) I:n1{rfioaoon r"ufi, (onr)finaruunndr{01Rnt r6n rdo Dengue

virus dffrofiuu'rurun'it 200 fllugrluuuror Densue Fever (DF) dtriauhqjosfisrnrr

hiEuurrlurdn Inofiornrr'l{ lrrn9.rorofidudarudao dr rflulufrlnqiosfidnuarcdr6'q I

il:snr:6o ldqr rJanrdoundrr,rdu uurfidu orR'rrilronrrndrurutuuurorr{o ors0s{1.1

rur{r'rn ouldraedr break bone f ever frrlaoldtnqfia (or) rinhiiinrr tfiufiin dut,on

rir.rornfflasl:nldrdsnoonrnrfir (ur) docrfinnrrietoqnnrarir (plasma) drrcfir

1#rfinnrac*on drfluar rilqnrro'ruddrdq (t,2,3,4) drur?drccfrnrrdunuar rilq$ncR'rt

undnrco'roro{Irnl{rfioeosnrnsfi.dlrndr 30 fludrfinrru ltndf,uou rfluilqurddrfiq

I t nudr luil r { n r ; unntiuaser r r :orqr luilo qriu ( 9 ) r fl: r cdn t r n r r r.finl r nrinfi d'ncilg r flu

uuufinrrrsil'rn fifrrleoritu,flruauurn'lnofidnrrgrdradufiu ciourfinpilcR'rttculntorlrndJeh14rdr4il0 r t uu ElluuljYrrluuoll r l.lrou

n r r finciorior Irn Inuiiq {ar u

(Ades aegypti ) rflunrncrirlrn (1 ,2,3,4,5,6) Irniinlldluunuvlnri?uto{Inndo$lu

rrn$su t{ulus rr?nrnarsuacld rsrf,u oodrnt rdu udtfludrird.r tnndr ludr{inr fil{,ru6r ucif,r'ldfi:r0{rltxs{'hirf,sssontfindrau (6, 7, 8)

nas'rRRrrrcu'reilo{Irnhira'snsonr"ud.dhifiuuuunudri'rIGnro u'tutdolurnrnfi

R'r:rsulnrarIrnl{ra'onosnluao'rudrit{1?ra'ruu?is uavfur?udutoqn'tttcil'tnllolI:nlu

uciavrrarudrfuunnrir.rf,u'hj(tr) dqrsrirnalfiilnaruornlunr:nornroiqrifinrctosl:nuac

n 1 :ilr c r fiunan r rnruqul r n'l{ r a'snosn r n r iir ld


rsura?ns rro{l :nnl{r 6lseson r uu 6.

Irnl{rnlfia(or)nu'ldunuqndauc,oqlandoqjlurcrnlffi$oudrfiqrnruqnqufi r.rs{1r{

n'lstslllnqlsllrnl{rnlfia rflun9sr,rod,fioqflnnr rioluuqjrR'rstu?'t ruoo{lnI: uac rfio.l

otf;nryrurniurJrcrvrs6srjd lriiln. et.2322(z) 6oilrcurn zoo flduda drrful:nnh?raoon

oon tnlfir (DItr) dlr.iudr tflulrnh,rri finrrrsilrnlrqin#rurndnqrrufiar :Jrc rilaflffiudlu

fl n.s.24s4 (n.f,.1e53-tes4)(18) fifrileond"t 7oo rro riruluqirflurfin dorurfiRlrrs

ur n lurlr s r nelnu luil fl . f, . 2s 0 t do n'r r c surnndr ofiud r finnjrjs s r yrsflfifluci 6ofi o r n r : ldq{ firfioeoonldfialrril uas$on {dltociaulnqjfiorq:vrlrr z-s fl 0'rRRrrflnurrlrv{G{

rlasnudr Itndfiernrri'.tnriranlldrjrsilrrslurjrgrvratnuilrd.runsl n.d.24s2 uasfinr:

tsurnilo{Itnddrdndnqrruuâr lufl yt.?t.24ss 6slddor?undr phi I I ippines

Haeno r rhag i c Feve r 0'tnfl 't r rro,rrfo t o9udu',u'l :ou0R r dolafa r otfiad rfluar rr,rqldJ q sr0'lRrl{ tuffil?0uacq.qn10 Inugrancror:tiuruuflmdiardoil 'uilnInuila us1;1tou (Wi I l ium

Macdonal d Hamonl 6{ldriôndolrnddr lrnl{rfionoonrnqfia (Dengue Haemorrha-

g i c Feve r /DHF) ( 1)

r'rd'.rornfirJts tndln0iiR'rr5vl,1nnfthqjtorlrnl{rdonssn,"ufi, luit n .?t.2sol

udrlursovraarlndrfis{fiuilrrngdrldfinrrrsu'roro{l:nldrf,snsonluilrcrflsuonrsrf;o

nviussnr6oqld Arif t 2,rr)n.f,. zs03 drjrrroaur rnr6o fisnlrjf uosrtuouru

yt.f,. 2so4 dilrvrvrafilr;rrdr - a s a d a dilil: s I ytf,o't x ou tnil r ryu trasou r du

drlrc rYranrir

ffirgdl:alcirdsnoonrnqfi:'ld:cilronliluonyrirjrorf,uudr lurjrcryrrrynrorruinrldd

o { lu r ucr Isu$oufi : r u r 1 uro { I r n 1{ r aônoo n r n s fi a r fi ouv;nrJ : v r vra

:vuroins rsorI rnl{r 6onoonlurj:c rnnlns

J:nTclr6onoonuuil:sil:ru,fl',n{uurnlurjrsrnslnurfisil n.f,.2492(2,r2,r3) Tru

tunrjrurdnrfluri:ulnqj 6suflirluc,rurrfunrrifir#u$nsnr:irnrrsr{l:nffs'ldfiil:rfingru

Tf . f,. 2505

n.fl. 2507

ttriuou ueifirHufl{hu'ldrn*snsoRo'rRRrrr'ru{'ruiro{Rlnirrqur:rrrygran{ narcuflmograof


AAAJ!dr r 'r r?|CI 1u'l a aon { $n

oond:sil'tgt I ,500 nu

\.d.24s4 ouds rdsu fiuurou fl.f,.2500 fi{rlaoI:n1{rfisn

rrasfi6'or tf,{lrunru rsdorioudrrgl6rgooac LT,duuornfrrhi

yfrrrfd.r rilq nor?inu'r unsn?lilquurqrorlrn (2,g) duouuutnr{rltdr rflul:nlduin

funqjdfiornr:Sondtldau 6sriundodr Influenza with circulatorv collapse or

fai ture (14) ldil n .?t.2su iinr:rvurnh,qj,fluuiu$tnflo{Itn'l{rdonosnlurltctild

'lvru Icnr;urfindutu flisilni nuqi uavffutinlndrfiuo froot1n:il:rnrt $asuuYlq€ n!{

{fa0lurrn nilru. 2,70r r'r0 nr0 zg6 irr,(15) lurslsliufguraldfunallriatltun'o

o'rnssrinrdrqilrsrild?laloilro'lduri ssdnr:ourfolan (wgo) olr{nrrauf;dqqrfloqfiud'lu

fiurs rfronsduoon r6urld (sEATo) Rrsyrr?{d'r!1rilqxo trinr ryafiitondtr,ln raof

sqrinr:u?ur:i ryrgfiourilarfgo rru?nr (UsoM) aorriuqtnrfltt#lttn^closil:c rvrafiiJu

( Nat ional rnst i tute of Freal th ) rurdrnr:flnur?6'udundrdailfiufiuunvrdtnu ,nou

?rrd.r r flel : sur ninu'r naonouuil?vr1 { fnurfla{ fiuIr nld r fisaoonfi r fie: cilr ndulurJr c rila

lvrs (2,9\

ndra'td.irrfiouqnrJrsrilf,lurorf;uncfusonrduqld fiilqr,rluriosltnldtaoonooR

,fiuuriudq cisurlufl il.fl.250s Rrsyrr?{Gt'rtrrorqtnldrJrcnraue{uduo*rortuRltn2uq!

lrn't{rfionoon rdof,o'r:orlnrn'r.rnauqruflorfiuI:nl#firJrcfiilinrtt8udu luil n -?t.2so6

r dsfi nr : findr fgur nlnri fi 1 dfuoqfi61#fi n r : frndsnsrsRr run'r rdulmri t dofio r :otrilqmr to r

I r n 1{ r 6snson r flur c 0 coti r s eio r iljs s I n 0 r sfl r ss ti r .r0 s I n r s n r t n?ilqilq u u', udu ld r irud r

rfiunr:luit n.d.2s07 (q) eieurlilil n.et.2so3 ldnufr{laorlrcil:rofifrrlrfnrf;sllmri rrns

lilil fl.f,.2s05 iinr:rrndnts0'10110{tIrn'[rlfrsfflufnuoraa:ld un:rrvfirur a:vq6 nar

anqi oun:cfislufl n .d.2507 iinrr:curn'lilfirrfrnrnrnfiouacR'tnnsfusonrdu{ rilfio dl

lurrnrfisrragcuuil uaciinrrrsurnohJriar;nqfinrnrs{il:ctma lriil n.d.zsro ourflrl#

doqfini Enr lnrsr rrriffirJrvnrsl#I:ndrflulrno'ndedda.rudtnr runtruilr sR'tflto{lRE cvlt? {

arrr:nuqril il.f, .2sr0' (9, rs) luit n .?t.2srs ldfrnrrrcurnlnqirirrl:vrvrs6nnfiltdl

Inufifirlaod I 23 ,i82 t'ru du rrirfiu6'n: rrjeo 6l .81 cio 100,000 il:srrn: o'lu 68s

r r u udq o r nriu r fluduu r fifi n'l t 5 slr'l ncro t I : n r fi ndu r io u1ouff silo lriu


enr'r{ii I 'f,ruaurJas ,$rurunrs dnrrrhc dnrrnro cis 100,000 ilrcsrnr uacdn:r

rlassrro (9ouac) deulrn'ldrf,snosnlurlrcrndlno il n.a.2s0l -2s36

n. fl. drurutJrct'rnr

narrfl *

drururJas 6rurunro

cAsE tr fiF{TH r*dnr rdhu

(I\'ORBIDITY)

dnrrnrs dnrrihunrs

(T0RTALTTY) (CFR)

250 1 23 ,990, 508

2502 24,643,826

2503 25 ,366,O87

2504 26,116,217

2505 26,897 ,688

2506 27,897,899

2507 29 ,015,988

2508 30,064,016

2509 31,a27,665

2510 3l ,97 5 ,725

25tt 33,010,596

2512 34,037 ,680

2513 35,036,614

25t4 36,185, l0l

2515 37,589,553

2516 39,154,657

2517 40,642,229

2518 41 ,862,803

2519 42,802,583

2,706

160

1 ,851

s6l

- 5 ,947

2,215

7 ,663

4,094

5,816

2,060

6,430

8,670

2,767

1 1 ,540

23,782

8,280

8,160

17,767

9,616

296

2t

65

36

308

t73

385

193

t37

65

7t

109

47

299

68s

315

328

438

36r

tt .28

0 .55

7 .30

2.t5

22.t|

7 .94

26 .4r

13.62

t8.74

6 .44

19.48

25.47

7 .90

3l .89

63.27

21.15

20.08

42.44

22.47

1 .23

0 .09

0.26

0.14

1.15

0.62

I .33

0 .64

0.44

0.20

0.22

0.32

0.13

0.83

t.t20.80

0.81

1 .05

0.84

to.94

13. 13

3.51

6 .42

5.18

7.81

5.02

4 .71

2.36

3.16

1.10

1.26

t.7a

2 .59

2.88

3. E0

4.42

2 .47

3.75


n1r1{d I (gio)

Tr.f,. 6rururl:scrn:

natrfl .,$ruaurlrs drurunru

cAsE it TTFATIT **dnr rrlas

(MORBIDITY)

dn:roro dnrrrlaunro

(I,IORTALITY) (cFR)

2570 43,743,202

252t 44 ,7 47 ,l5g2522 45,667 ,69l

2523 46,537 ,547

2524 47 ,41 g, 170

2525 48,360,965

2526 49,181,001

2527 50,021,590

2528 5l ,161 ,878

2529 52,382,428

2530 53,421,188

2531 54,417 ,045

2532 55,424,655

2533 56,095,83t

2534 56,632,152

2535 57 ,37 4 ,998

2536 58,062,519

38,768

12 ,547

1 1 ,478

43,392

25,670

22,250

30,025

69 , 101

80,076

27 ,837

174,285

26,926

7 4 ,3gl

92 ,005

43,511

41,125

65,290

756

308

t27

403

198

159

229

496

542

236

I ,007

r79

290

4t4

137

136

t82

88.63

28.44

25.t3

93.22

54.t4

46. 0l

61.05

138.14

156.51

53.t4

326.25

49 .48

t34.22

164 . 0l

76.83

7t.68

t12.4s

t.73

0.69

0.28

0.87

o .42

0.33

o .47

0.99

I .06

.0 .45

I .89

0.33

o .52

0.74

4.24

0.24

0.31

I .95

2 .45

l.1l0.93

4.77

0.71

0.76

4.72

0.6t

0. 85

0.58

0.66

0 .39

0 .45

0.31

0.33

0 .28

Ro{n'rrns r{lou RrilR'rrrjnnros nrcniarurrotno

RO'q tsll1 o Rr 31rr ? {d'r ! 1 t6uqr*t

I

dsnil'r1o{1o{n


b

'.99ggFatt=E€oo==

fr(Eo

ElJ-oIIIIIIIIII

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NTFlON

G

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(cd

lpf€GOF[lFNarl@iFO

na0lr-ulAE(i.trFFFA6F)of

EAFFr6l|FFt!?,t0O!.)o 6-

a(!

I)dFt!6

)o


d trgr aa g.r bt al i do A J -@ ;0s rfru"tdi 10 r nd66flor{ilr o Td t fioooon r n{ n=?fr,illu?u tn=uu r nfruuncaduqrd r Ino rfiu

q{qnlilil n.d.2530 dqfidn:rdtrsdr 326.2s siouauilrcslRr 6qur?lunrn:eilri'crrr{lru

n'r ocro { {dla u ld r f,onoon r n r fir o sfiuur ftlruana s urilufluuoq 6 frrfi,fl ruau{dla on r eflnc lddooo eq J a J . darnrrsdru?udflil?CIfi{rflrlnr?iililrRillr RlriRUlnu1il1afr6nsdasandnr1nr0ld rtcinrran,flr

u'rufr{la uriuo gifiln r rfl o r fi'ul r n n*rdffu hifi indufl o r fiul : n 1{ r f, o nson r n r fi a o cfi r fi o.r ?f;

rdsadarilr:oflorfiulrfldldlesnlrn?uqilq.u'rudu rflunrusrorl:n drniurdnorqdrndr

I s il I r n'td r fionoon r n q fi a r flul s nf,^ndudd r ltfl r dsfi inu r n r fludud'urr R $as r uaofinnr :qq

rdolugrl Years of Potential Life Loss (YPLL) ocfluirlrnldrdsnoonrntfiarflu

trniifi ypLL qsqnluu:rnrlrnriEuunroqilrs rmfllnCI ( 16) Irqnurillau?ndl:nrru ld

r nsrirnr:flnurdurXurir 1#dr s lunr rinurno rlraf,{hoIrn'[dr 6onoonddosuoufrnfnurdalu

I: rfiu ru r a r qdsilr sil'rar

il1St 2 ,974 r1n(17)

+. : .. fu dos ldrir l#riror{q{ordr{rhounsl: qnolular roasd:c

lufl n .?t.2fia dfiorrrrulnruo{Irnl{rdonson Inufiffho r{riunr r inu r lulr rns rur ad ruau 20, 000 nu Ro { r su'r n'ldr nu.n r nrJ: sr rar'l{'i r fgo rdor r fl s

eirtdrirulunr:fnurrorurailrcil1o140-zo0 druulm(9) d.tftrdr rflu'f,ruaurtudrrn

o r nn r:dnu'ryr1 { i gil r n?Rs r luofiodriruru r nrjlffle odaulnqjto t l: a'[{r 6onoon t n t

fieoonrflufrdhonrjrortlrrudrr s-r4 fl (1,18,rs,20y drrflunrjruforSouluduurlurnuat

durlrsoruf;nurrfludauhnqj dn:rdlaudaslro'l{rdsnouo,rufi. 1:vradrtit n. f,.zszs-2s33)

lnu rndoqrfir 447 .E cioil:srrnr 100,000 nil(20) ungf,qfludrlrndoc:curnludarqq

rlu rstra'rr rdounqunrnu-fiu$ruu rorqnfl dsrfludas ritnriouuda ilrcnouriulEndrnrira

fiqraru rflunrnsrirlrn drovdnqn rdonnuluri?(r r aa'rnarqiu daoar ruqdtnrir?Rsua?urlu

Irn6ncis Risyrr? rrdr ! 1 rilqq d o a , dg g s d r cl | |0 {diluug 1u? 1u0R0 1 RlrlJ'rr{ua? tr {r r 5 t,uil'tns t iluttra{ufl'

RE si,rr ? {d1! r:aqtdr'ldd aruru'ofiud trin t runss Rt t uR r t, du I r odd'rdq6nunri.rlrdr da o

n1rrJ:goudnururisrr6 nrcnrasdnurinrrfinrirlnrrnrt rduo.uqulrnl{r6onsonlulr'r

ri ou ( r r uac r 60ncJor lnc rnr :r.lr r n6luR'rnfiulfl n . )Ieu rrluo't narruf t dsr l:n'[{r 6oo

oonrriuarrilqn'r:nosiorrfid,fiu u'rR'rrudaudd'rfiquurnrrrlfrrifinudrilulctturdsfiornrtt6u

rJru illsdrunrrfloqfiu nr:drfisumcis rnrvfiu{g'raro#urflurfi'aloelrd'qlunrrnruqruI:on[{

rfionoon lnorqnryuuriqrnrvr{u{quu',udrfioornruqutirflufra9r{duuaclftfnritlurirnarrufl


dtayudtrtfl?ilqrlrasrh f,nunciq rnr vfu{q ru', odrlluno{nuda 0 R r r ir rfiun r rdr ndr auon

0'tRscrFnrJ:clscrflurdotn'rtn?uqn$ilris rilrcrf,u{grarsnr0lueoruflnsr droccisHaeio

Rtsa?rlqulrn'ldr6onosnuda nrndrrircccirnndqn'rrdrJrrrr*tdnrcrifndlaarldrdqrol

lnsdilrcrrculfina rrudlrlnooc r rfisnr rnauqrunrir rnr rf,u{g ra r sdfirunu

ornrlrceilnr:ailusdn nrrdr rfiur runaugrl:n1{raoonooRornnriaur ruct!rrilqrrfio.rflrsr6oa'[ria'ruriorrtsQHadrr$oldrnr'rclllnRrrn:cfre{srdsr 6ssronrira'lddrnrr

dr rfiulrunatqruIrnl{rdonoondorordun'rrrudelfrsornilrcsrru rCoriaofiunauqruuassr

a r s$rril r nr vfiu{g.r a r s luriru r 6ou o r n r r r dorir hJqin r rnndn r rdh s da u l: n'l{ r f,onoonodtuilqn

lr ntdr donsondfrtuinrlqrur rfifi nr r r l 0 { ru r flunfurr n r dofl il . f, . 2 s 0 r ln onufrr.la o

e 510 n10 3 :rs uasciorurfinu{dlaolrnl{rdonoonqnit onrtulufl il.d.2506 -2s07

hinuffholrn'ldrf,onoon r roac r6ondruanslunrr'rud z

"rrrld z 'f,ruru{lau'firuaunrs 6'n:rrlas dnrrnra do 100,000 rj:crrnr $ncdnrr

rJasnru (9osac) daslrnldrfionoon d'ruiarlqrurrfi fl n .fl .zsor-2s36

n.fl. ilrctrnr '$rururJrs'fruaunru dnrr{lau dnrrnru dqrrdhsniu

narsfl | cAsE ** nEATFI r* tvloRBIDITy ]ioRTALITy cFR

2501 177 ,E39 I 3 5.06 | .69 33.33

2502 182,538 I 0 0.55 0 0

Irnl{rf,onosn

t o{t

2503 t88,927 4 0 2.t2 0

2504 195,590 2 A 1.02 0

2505 202,114 I 0 0 0

2506 207,557 0 0 0 0

250? 209,538 0 0 0 0


n'rr.ud z 1do)

11. f,. ilrcsrnr

na r ril

druaudlas 6ruaunro

CASE DEATII

dn: rnr o 6nr lrhunr s

T{ORTALITY CFR

dnr rilas

IdORBIDITY

2508 214,134

2509 222,049

2510 228,585

25ll 236,824

2512 244,442

2513 249,421

25t4 256,426

2515 263,448

2516 270.900

2517 281,572

25 t 29A,7 44

2519 294 ,7 53

2520 298,649

252t 305,503

2522 313,250

2523 320,903

2524 328,290

2525 .336,724

2526 349,573

2527 362,288

2528 37 5 ,7 40

33

42

15

t7

37

25

36

66

4l

69

80

33

rE7

67

22

299

t79

113

190

548

219

l5 .41

18.9r

6.56

7.18

15.14

r0.02

t4.04

25.05

15.13

24.51

27 .s2

11.20

62.62

21,93

7 .02

93.t7

54 .52

33 .56

54.35

15r.26

58.28

a .47

0 .45

0

0

a.82

0.40

0.3.9

0.38

0

0

0

0

I .00

0

0

a .62

0

0.59

0

0.55

0

3 .03

2.38

0

0

5 .4r

4.00

2.78

r.s2

0

0

0

0

l .60

0

0

0 ,67

0

| .77

0

0.36

0

I

1

0

0

2

I

I

I

0

0

0

0

3

0

0

2

0

2

0

2

0


10

aur{d2 (eio)

1[. d. il: srrnr

na, lfldruau{lao 6ruaunrs

CASE DEATH

dnrrnrs dnrrtJaonrs

IV0RTALITY CFR

dnr rrlas

I{ORBIDITY

2529

2530

2s3l

2532

2533

253 4

253 5

2536

393 ,397

40E ,637

425 ,301

438 ,67 0

447 ,312

459,331

47 5 ,277

492,336

49.57

I 69. 83

38.09

6s.88

58.80

24 .60

14.73

28 -64

0

0.24

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0.14

0

0

0

0

0

0

195

694

162

289

263

ll3

70

t4l

0

I

0

0

0

0

0

0

ieltlr't lro,qto{o flo{rn'rcils rfiuu RsuRlrilnnrot Rscilttstmrnlnu

RO.{ 5Cil'lO fl5 sylt? {d1!'l tilq{**


ll

gs6a!LL

Fatt=E€oo==

Nc)tON

FNrON

NNrON

1\FlON

NFlON

Nolt)N

Ltgo

tlI.oIIIfIIIIII

IIIIIIII!I

FIts

@

@

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@

{Gj

ilpufo6nurdtslG, t'(

0cPul

NdF.5EA.(iF

-lt6t'

FfrFF6n)O;

Fd?FG6 )trFFt'! t,6)A)oF

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At@rre0'lflet1x1{t11 2 !Bflil'irdnrr{las onr'tet'10

e v I dd s9 It e Y

frrmfnrlqrur rfiiiuua Jrlrundr uf,iln 1fi5 aruvisilr s t vts

rlr1rur rfi rfluf,wtfn txniliufl$nro{nq { rflflufi tunt

t2

ruasdnr rdh on'r sfl o { fr{h o I t n 1{ t f, oooon

r4o 9rr I I g Iunil01lt?lJflil?gilogR?1 n{ilo1! [llt'lc

rJ: cnoilfrufi en runs M a I onuuna'r 0 t[?i{

uasn?uqilI:nldrfionosnlul:s r€uuilrsoxdnur 6'wt{nrJqrrrfi d.tlduriilofrod.rgielilfi

- rnfl

- olg

- dalun'rndutd,,fi rueuqn:

-:c6'ilnr:dnur

- olqr'rrR'r5 -rsus,.u'tdil5tio^srulunrirdngourrio

r r o'ld

nlnd'r,f,rurudlao drurunrotorfrihu'l{rdonoonorudtlt'toqu.ootdrn'irnarrurfluoil'ld

nrrdrrrl6^rio^rruln drfrrlfirin^finarrun$sulunrrrlfirififirisrrrirf,udrsrudsnriradrrit

bJlddaur,rdrudr , du u o r n ds'hifi n r r dns r 6t n r r rrn9oil{o s n gour riu I r I t 5 ouluo t tdo trlfrrio'rrudsnrira friffodsrjraulodovdnuro'rccdilnarrn#sr uacilofroeirrldovfinadsoarru

n$srroq n g ourrio l : r ri sulun r rdo rrlfrrifi r ru{ls rfiuuaanauqul rnl{ r dsnson lul r l ri uu

rlr couflnu r h?fiuqnf;'Erac,rilddr'tl lunr cdnurofud6a;u 1d r 6onflnu',lududf,unfnrlvprt rfi

,rjuoorndrfinaruasnanlunrcr-fiuqisryn uav'ldfunarrdaruru'stiluorirsdotnuda0stud,du.

{os

fgrqd: saqrl

t . r dofinu r : cdunr r uilsoilc,sr n g ourrio Ir r rS sulur rufls r fiuuavnrrtqul rnl{ r n'sn

ooR lulrr r€uuilrco!flnsr fiwtinrfqttrfi

2. rCodnurnrilofrudfinarrudlr{uffiunarun$ourorngourrisl:rr6oulurruflsrf,uuac

nauqul:n1{r6onoonlulr s r6ouilc;o!flnsr frlnfnr.lqrulrfi

3 . rCorrriloffodfidninu e rrurroyl'rur0fl1r rrJdouurlaqflo{R?'rungoutotngourrTulrr

r S ou luc ruflor fiuunvnarr;ul : n'ld r a'enoon lul r r r? surlr couf,ns r frtninrlqut rfi

+. rCeflnsr:cdiln:rrf rdorlsa'ldrdsnosntocrinr:'oudu rJ.+-rJ.e frsflfndqulrfi

flililn6 1U

r.flofrudruqnnahifinr.rrdruriuf,fiurcdunrrufl9oilrsqngourriolrrr€oru tuqruflsrfiu


13

z .ilr6'odrunr:rlfirio^r rutrifinrrudrufiudfiurcdlnariln$outolagourrioIr r t6sulus ru

flssfiuuncnauqr1:nnldr6onssnlulrr risuilrc$udnurf,sr{nrlqurii 1duriflodsfilriolild

-rl?rron luro{n gourrTol: r ri uu dqrJr snoudts 6 ruautin rE oululr r rioud

rlfirifi r r u 6 ruaufa Iu saou r drJn r r{ ua c 6 ruau*r Iu rdrl5tiAat n r r u fl o r fiu$aca?ilqill : n 1 d

r iionoenlulr q ri oul r 6fou

- R'rtldfudsl r niifrad ariuequnrr t?ounrrdou

- R 1 i ldfunr rfl nourudrunr rflo rf,u$nsn?uqilIrn 1{ r donaon

- nrrldiunrrfirnarru

r .floSuu:.rg r lolunr rrlfrffis ru hifinr ruduriudfiu:gdrna run9orro rngourr?oIr lriuu lusrufls{fiuunve ruqrlrn'ldrdsnssnlulrs riuurJrcoilflnur frruinrlrlurrii ldurideqtrtJiloc09itgto tilu

l. r ilofrorir1u ( Hygi ene f actors ) rJrcnoudas

- rtur6ou

- drnnirnrr {lu- ulourunrru?nrr

- ot rr,tTuns lur ru

- na rudlfiudfi'uqnna luilrits t ru

- nr:ilnnrosrilduriqrr

- dn1flR'lrrirlru

. 3.2 iltfrou:lgllt ( Motivator factors ) rJ:cnsudao

- narud'r r$ttarrru

- R'rrldiunrrsoiliufiuds

- Ionra6rrmrl'r'-^- n?'rutljslorou

- nr:rflgurnuro{- l"- aRu8lctoil { 'lu?t?|1


t4

frrurlrfil#lunr:?ffs

l. ffeurJ:6arc ( Independent variables ) lduri

1.1 flof,odrur;nna dsdrcnoudrs rvrf, orq dalunrndurd ,ilrururlnr rcdu

nrrdnur ?sr rsnddnur o'rqrrrnlr rrold

| .2 ilofrstunr:rJfrrifirru drrhcnsudau rJ3!ranlilr,o{aeourrTulrr riuu (dr

uaurinrisunsql:c rSoudilg'rifirru drueu*:Iruraouldrlnrrf 6ruau*alu.rdrl6'tififiootru

{lsrfiunrlqulrn'ldrdonoonlulrs r€uul r;ieu) nrr'ldfudoariuequlunrr risunlrdou

n r:'ldinn r rflnou:udrun r rflslfiu$asn?rlqil1rn td r aoonoon n r r'[dr'un r rfi r ncq ru

t . r flo dour { g { 1o lun r :rlfiridr ru dqdr cnsude o

- fltflorirlu lduri rtur6ou druur.irnrr{1u uluursnrruFilr, o.rrrriuou

lus ru narudrf,uf,fitqann lurnia o rlu R r :rlnn r o sril fiuriqr r uacdn lnR I :f, r r ru

-. ilrfiourrgrln lduri nerrdrr$nror{lu R'r:ldiunr:osuiuriudo lsnreI I e a d"R1??ru'l n?1Utufln$Oil RlrtIflU1nUt0{ $nsnou8lccjo{{1unfl'l

2. frrurJtnru ( Dopendent var i ab I es ) fio narun9ottorngourrTolrs t?sulu

sruflosriuuasn?uqrlrn'l{r6onssnlulcc r€suil:cnilflnur frrrfnrlqurrfi drrlrcnoudro

- nr ruf, rdoqlrn'[drfionosn

- n r r iufunil'ryr ro r n g ourrTo I r r r 6 uulur rudls rfiu$asn?uq$ I : n'ld r iionson

- rTauaficisrnurnndrddr nrir r


l5q Q Aq

ntou$u?Rq luRlr?og

ffrurf rEsrs ffrud:nru

na r un$suro q n g ou r ris tuq runruqu

I : nld r fioennnlul r s r i aurlr gnrdnur-r c 0 c r au'rdtl5'ri6 r rulurnh dn A oilr rio

-r r uld -na rruf r dsrlrn'ldr fionson

-n r r fufunulnro{ n gou rrTo

tur runauqul rnld r donosn

lulrr r€urnjrgailflnur

-fcun6iounurnrnird

ilofrodruqnnn

-tilft_ot ql

.do 1lrfi ]Trdu r d, 6 ruaurlnz

-rcduor:6lnur,?ct rsR

-ol grrtn r t

-rl?u rsrluto'q n g oilr ris I r I ri uu

( 6 rurufn r€ ourss lc.r ri oudrlfrrifir ru I

d rurufr Iu {dou/ f,iln 1r{, 6 ruru*i lu rd rom- 4firlfiriFifi e n r r u"r / r n'ou )

-n r : ldiudoariuarlun r r r il uun r rcou

-nr r'ldiunr rflnouru

-nr r'ldiunr rfirnal ru nr rrftor ur .

rlrcsuf,nurfld

4-6 rdorlrn

ldr 6onoonilo fros s 1 o lun r :rJfirifi r ru

dofrorflrqu (Hygi ene factors)

-ilofrugl1o (Mot ivator factors)


l6

{onnaq rdordu

{oryad 1 d r flu{o ry nr o r n g ou r rio I : r r ? ou r qn r c i'{ ?ri'nrlqr r r fi r ri r ,fu

{odrffnlunr:?ffs

nrtidonfld :aurau{oqalnslduuildouolu orufinriouiu rJ.e-rJ.o,ilruru450 nil unvngourrislrl 16ouqnnulufirrinr.l4rurrfi ilrvnsufiunrrf,runtsei fufltnartfinr rilut r nng ourriu I : q r 5 suluu r qdau

fisrlfi'nri

t.ngourfral:sr?su fllrodq ogd,i'rrrdrmniqngourr3olulrsrSuurlccaldnsr

tosfitrt{nrJr;utrfi dtfinfirdiufinrolrdoafiiqrnrnourriorssrinrisu Inutdfunr:uciqdr

o rnl:.r rEoudul urilas l nu

z . ne rrun#orulut ruflot fruuacnaugrl :nl{r iloooonlul rr r?surJ:sauilncr rrur udr

ne r run$ot lun r rrl6'rifit rufls r fiuuacn?uqilI rn'[d r f,onssn luIr r r 5 0u dfio rdrlr snord ar

3 rlrcnr:6o

na r ru f r d s r I: n ld r 6o n son'ldurirruf riorl:nl{rfionson'lduri nrrfdrar rnql n1r6n rds

n? rrrEurrrrror f rnnrrrlfrrifinud rflilrsrtu uuril rnrvfrr{

- nt t f,filunurnnrhd lduri nr r funv r {r l odrwrurnrrrhdrosngourfulr { ri uud

o vrlfrrifi r dofl o.r fiuu a v n erqu I : n'l { r 6o n so n lu I r r r € uud r c o ufl ns r

- viaunfieiouvrlrvrnr.?td lduri narufinrfiu narrfdnmisnarrrdoc{suiluryrfirhdrsq

ngourriulrlrSoudocilfrrifirnaonr:tllorfiuuaanauqrlrnldr6onoonlulr{rEuuilrcoilfinur

3.o1rJ fiurudq

rdourjuhj finrflu r il4 . :cffun1:dnsr

il?qqrnE rlSqqr In

datorq rfiruihorngourfulrs rf suriuo'rilrqriu drfirqur6ou druci o

nurudq 1m'nraflnulq{Eq dldyuluiloqrTu ldnri rvd'uoqrliogr

5.?rr t sn nilrudl ?rrddnur rrlun-rsursndrsdngourriul:r riuudnurlurvdroq-

rJ?qqi niorliqqr luaorriunr:dnur tciu nor^nqranf r^vruraranf d,rnrusranf qrf;nur

4A.l

uanoddrfrq.sluila{ rfl'tsfluqq{a1s

vAAR'ttoa rao flrr,rcri'rIrn ornrs

unci6nrrrlrnro


17

drfi r as,6uudr6.orq:rtR1t r4ilrsfis

ud e,6orrdu'trj6nrflu r flrs0s r aa r r duflriudr uri rilrlfififir runr:

z . 6 rururYn r ?asfifios iuflnroudrugtour fiu nur ofis 'i ruaurin ri oudl Ir I rSoud

ng our rTo I r r r 6 sudsr fllfinrolquadruqtsurrio

E . rcFr! ; eardrl6ffi.r rulumfirfiogourriul r.r t isu a 61 411 1a ea?tu't 0o.{ t3t,3 t 2a'l tnililnilaun

rrulunr?rdngourriol:rr€uu drrlfrrifirrudrn'ir 1fl 6nrflu t fl uardrrlfrriFqrufitsu

rfioudsrsi e,fiuudubj6nrflu r fls . n r :1 fiYudoarYucqu$os r nfi fiani ururodq nrr'ldYrflo lduri trin'onr: r€ou

fl'r:dou Llarcrof ueiufiu i6lsrvrrJ elad londr:dsfiil{ ntlgostuyt ttotaorl:cnoulu

nrrdolrrderlrnldrdsnssnornurirsurudrdurclos rriu drrinl'ruttlrrrorqtdlnia aorfi

ourriu tt?snrrunauqll r nfineio

lo.or:ldYunrtflnou:r r'rursdl n r r nldfun

r rfl norru r nar r 611 lu, utunt r doa fru

n r rflor fiuunvnauqul:n'l{ t fionoon

t l.R'rrldYunr:firncrru mrrodr nrr'ldilnlr?tou nrruuvrir niofinnlrtn1tttfilx

lur{ornr:florduuasn?ilq!lrn'l{r6onosnlulrq t€ou ornmriroqrudrrinlrunrtilrcoru

dnur{'wrfn drrinIrunrrilrsouf,nurdr rno drrinr'rud'rtrrorqtf,sufn uncaoriiourrTo

t z . r.l? ru ror.r r ilx o { R A our fis I : r r ii uu mur sds rJilrerq rulunr rufirfintolflo{nE

oulrislr'.r rSou finorndruaufn16ourssl:s r€uttdtlStifiuru ,firurufalu.raouldrJnrr{ nac

6 r uaufa lrl udil5rifi 6o o r r il r flTr r c, d s l n't r fl o r fiuuo s n auqt I r n ld r fi sno o n

rr.floffugslo1unr:rlfrrifirru murodr dudtt'r1#rfinnr:grle lunrrrlf,^riGtruilosfiu

uasn?ilqulrnldrf,onoonlul:r risu:Jrcnilf,nur rlrcnoudao z ilofro 6oilofrtrdrquuac

ilt6'ogrlo

r I . r ilq frud'r qu mil r sdr ilo f,udug rudrnfirn r r:lfrrifi r rurir ldr finnr runol sdoc

drrru lduri dRrrrR'r:rllsru rl^ur6ou orluriuoolulru ufours$asRrruiilr:sru

n r rilnn : o r rie fiuriqr r n a r udrur{uffi'uqann lurdr u I r u d r urri s n r : I r u

13.2 fl06'o9r1o ililrsdr ilo6'udrduadorfiurruuasnarrdrr$ntorsru'lduri

nrr'ldiunrr0sufilfu6o lonrafirtnriro'lrrilfintoil nlrr{surnutol narrudr t$ctortruCopyright by Mahidol University

18

uasd'fiuarvxo{ { rudfil

rjrslatddnrair ogldYu

l. ncrurcdunrrrungouuacilofrsdiiflacionarun$orurorngourriulrrtSuu'lurruflsrf,u

ua vnauqu I r n ld r 6onso n lul : r r :' ourJ: souflnu r f,tuinrlqru I rfi

2. yrrrursdunrrrufruornguacfnr?uuilrgoildnurfrurfnrlvlurrfilurds'rI:n1{tdsnoon

3. ilcruflrf,uda',r'tror4rursnerun$ourorngourfulunrlrlfirifisruflosfiuuarnalqruIrnl{rd

4 . rirnnnr:flnurur r{tuuuamrrrlruqndlfh?rnurcail,duo.rrnarqrl:nt{r6onoon lu

I r r r € uurjr coilflnu r'l dfirjr sfinin rnru r ndu


19

unfi z

nrrii'uafrdfil"riwrru'ru rCsflnurdsflosodfinndonrrungouno{nEsurrToIrl riuulu

q ruflo r fiurarn?ilq!I: a1{ r 6onso nlulr s rE uurl: co!flnu r

I 9t gras 194r Rr,?r,o{ 6e r u rndndun{r n rurir{ocioltJii

eiruii r -I:nldrfionoon

- rJ: c ffi r,o s n r r our fs I c s t 3 uu uyru tfl ra sfiri'r dllo s n g ou r riu I r I t 5 uu

drniu r oRdl ruac { rui{od

iirufi z uuafinuncnqufidrdur{osA ae C u g

- uu?nnuas { 1u?n u I R0?nilR?'luilt0llolq@a

- ilil?nn t RCI?RUylf,ilnn

al@cg,osd- $u? n n r fl 0 ? niluYllj'l Yttt o u n'l t t il aljnil 1 vlc, o { fl E oil r u 0 t t { t t u1.l

- uil?Anuacnqufiut r g t 1o tunr rrlfrrifit ru

cirufi s Rr:vrlJyr?ns ru?6'odrfr uadosfiudrurj:


2A

deufi r lrnldrdsnoon ( Dengue haemorrhagic fever )

Irnl{rfionoonrfluI:nfinciudfiquur0 (Aedes agypt i ) rflud'arirlrn fiar rnq

rI'ls'rRrdolafarnqfia ( Dengue vi rus ) ornnrrflnurnrlrgurninu'ruasnltlafaivror

nudrfr 4 dlor{u{ ldurirfind ! ,2,3 unu 4 (r ,2 ,3 ,4') rdutfo + rfind iiuoufir tu

( Ant i gen ) drruursrfin drn'n rdocfinlnrfinvrdrovfiqfi{ufiudnrfulrJnasnfi?n Q t3)

du"fl (Secondary dengue infection)

, 2,3, 4, rz\'[ri r 6onoonrin rflutu r finor q

:'rooloocfinrr6nrr8of,ququorflgoufiunrrn^n,du,ns;i.ld (arrol infect ion) dqdrilcrs

uoiovfiqfi{ufiuurqdrueiorfindut6n r rfin ogirlrvruror c- tz rdsu ndtnrod,rdaocbnrrfin

r donfir dudci r r o r n n fr u r n'l d r 6 o n d r r {tun r r fi n r

nrr6n rdudldrfluflofrudfir 1#r fino 1n1r{uur{r ( r

2- 10 fl rurnndriu6u(zt ) a't,nqdtil1#Irnldrfionoonfidnuucrnfllcuaciiornt:quurlldaJrn:ryfrnr:Yarsrnararir (plasmal drfirl#rfinnras$und{ r{tuar rilqnltt'toddlfiq

(1 ,2,l,a)lu:sosurRto{RrrrcurnI:ernl{tdsnosnlurJrctndlns uon$1nrdolaiarru6.

udr f,ursnldrdslaiaiququur (chikungunya) orndihu rirl#rdrlodrrdslafarfind

errurroSrldrfinIrn'ldra'snsonlddruftfidsr6ondl chikungunya haemorrhagic fever

riour o r nnr:flnuro'rR'r ryrl rndfinsti'r {nc r 6ontu{rlaudiio't r6n r ds r nrfia$ncf;ququo'tdlt u

n0rilrardn d'rurrorroRlddrrdsf,QuqilCIr'hirlrldrfinnragt6onsonuac'ldfirtrflrfinnrria

ilo{tnaldrit (plasma) ucinsrlrl#rfinllndiisrnrrndrs Dongue fever (Dr) luo,Etddl

hi6od',, do l a r-ef, ququo r r ilua r r nqno { 1 r n 1{ r dsnssn o ri r r l : fi6 ffh 0 I r n ld r f,o noonu r l

rdolried.raoqvfindlirlnoq{d'rrf Aedes aegypt i rriurfiorflu (t) luddtduutrnlrn'[{

r fisnssnlurjrc r ilalnofi rf, u ssfin r 60a6olrn'l{ r dsnoon t u u fi. 6l r€ undod I I:n'l{r fionoon

otrnr:norso$asnrr tfrnIrR

n'rrundnrs0'r0ro{lrn'[{rfionsondo'rfigraro ( Aedes aegypt i ) rfludarirddrdq

Iouqldarfioovfinqnra'sndsfrrdsl'lfarrnf,{ho,duorr{r'hJflndarfildruruluq{tct,s 8-

t0 iu ( Extrinsic incubation period ) r,rdto',orfuqqovfrrColafao{tud'anaoe

o'rqrorriu ( il:srurar t-z r6ou ) unvfl'nf lrncirunsntdolt?nudqnfinldqnn9t (1,2,3)

rE0srrardrucinuldfurd'ooudrrrardrd'orfirr,$rurulur6onoungorudosundrdsdshJ riun

Intrinsic incubation period fiutearilrcr,'lgt 8-1t fu(2,4,24\


2lA d * e o s rr a : ,

ruo{0'tnq{n10nruud?drlrnlciriioaoonuosog rsnrcnr0lil$nsrouldlu q{ru^ndld

nlludlriquds dosurriodlrn'u Qz) qrdariioorqnfiurdennurflusrur: ocfinrsrrs

r ?n 1 Ro'r r {u q {a 1 s 0 c r nr rrf,u{lutfl lodu uuccrso r n r flurirulnqi ( r, rz, 2i )

undrrnrvr{u{qrarudAtA'qldrri nrrucrfiutflldrfrluuacuonfiru oluro.r{r{duue urf,u

aenlfi nruuruoRtlludetirrir rfiu z iu rdu orr:ouud 0ruro{nrcorsdu'lfi rr{rrB1r10

rirrfrdu (r,2,3,r2) ,ruoorodq{a'rudru'rrasirsilsnrdolafarnsdrlrlqiqngr'ld (Transo-

varial transmission)(3,25)ucidr-trjrfludn:rrurifadrnr:dluilontdddorfiunurndr6'q

mr s dru: cu rnino r otir r 1r

n r: n: g o r sro q f:nn ril{nno

nldrdnciaunrr{laudrolrn'ldrn'onoon lurflscrouavrncmq'q lndrdur6'uludn:rriau

rnsrrudornauq'r t:1.03 nriruorqdfid'urr{laogrqnlduri nriuo'rg 5-s fl :orlrfio nrir

orq l0-14 fl drlndrdsrfiunriuorg l -4 fl ffhuorgfioodqndnudo arq z r6ou

(26,27) racnudruuaftludnrrrleoqnneiru'rqrfiudu,duut n^olu n.a.zszz 61 2s3o

f,n:rrJauroq rfinsrgrioondr t il rfirrflu z ti't, o'rq r -+ lt rn'urflu a.+ rdr , a1g

5-9 fl riurflu s.z rrir,orq l0-14 flriurflu rz.s rrir uacdnrrrfirugrqndrr,ril{{leu

orqurnndr rs fl 6s r4.4 rrir duuc"ul#rfiudrlcnldra'oooonfiuuahilriuo'rndulu{

{hardnlnuav{lnqjts)ugilu:ro{dlaodflo'rR'rr{ilurruisnruocilulurndr6{urnn'irrro (l)

ranlflih olrn'ld r iionssn'ldnnonfludnuru r n luqqrlu rn: r r,$ rueuq r rfiuu'r odu rdu*a d- i d rd I a A 4 | v or'rRun1luElrr{u'r1|'tnl|u uncrTtrlcnlf rila0iluua{qolil8il n?luulr 0sunanoonrlolrRn

no{q{nr0 (bi t ine rate) uaufgffnrrsrlaf,aludaql(22) ilonorniiluqqdurfinovegilu

rlrulusrnrr risulur?d'rRalriulrndu ilr1#rfiniilonraqnqr6'n'ldu',odu ( 1) druru{

{leoosrirudustirsfnrrulurdounqunrnru qrqnlur6ouncnqroruuSotsnrnu ornrfudsriu

ana{uacilurl:cilrr0lurfioufrurrnu ndronf,.rfiuluqn1fl unr{unouilarsflal:rud g

( fl.fl .2s27-2s30 ) drnudriinrc:curntorl:nqrdsit n .d.2s27 ,2s28 uaszsro riu,ir

uru{rfaulurfiounqainruuuasrs^oufiurramorilriouR'rrrcil1n 60fl n .d.2s26,2sz7 uay

2529 frtnlogilu:vduqo'hianardrrcfiuduflrfiorfiu rfior{rqirfisurnrrnrutorfld'n'hl dnrr


22

dlaofirfiuquduudr6ourilslr,lrrfluduhJ drriudrrioudrr r$andrfldtrifinrtrsu'rn 6'crrrdlao

drAdsaA0s rr'ilo(iuluoudtt rfioilfu?1nuo{ r'ilnna{ (9)

0 1 nR'r ryrlrlr?urrolurn 1 r0i1d r donoon luda s r o nd rfldri ruu r oudriln lriu ?rud r fl 1 r t s

ddxil [ t osdl

IJtsilgnd

ilrnro{rIrnr?umd{un1 n.f,.2s0tludrq to flurn(n.fl.250 r-2sto) rflunr::curnuuufl

r{riif rialto fldasr (fl.d.2srr-2s20) uurhludcr:rdlaoqrlrndudnssrcnr:rrurnfir{ru al 9 dtraRuflcurruurrrunuilr{uasrfl dasto fldarru (n.s.2s2t-2530)uurhirdorr{laoffsnrrfiru

dnsscnrrrsulnrrlduulrjornr6ru'[rierrrrorirddnusrcnlttsil'rn'ld uasludar

uua Tr?ru n r : r fi s I r n'l d, ila" u o u t o o r t du u o r niin a r runduda lu

nrrufiiltgu,u.ndu ( 9) misoroiinrr rrJdouurJa{flo{,ilruaultfiu"uo ,du,uufi.leia duryu

riouluqruru

n r :R:, or stss I rnn r{ogr ud

lurJrsrvralyrsuulrnl{rf,oneonria4nqfinrn lnofinrrr'rs{trun9ournlilnlnRnlodoqu. a 9n 4 @ 4 4 cl 9' or1tltufilunt nor|'tuR1rilr0{llrfflj?001frfl'rnrmuo R'lnn&?ilooRtq0{ tllll0 unsR'ln tnnlun'l

dil(g) drflurriutifiiorrcd'rneru ro?qfirrrr?r nr:nruluudar.todu rituilofruddrd'qiloffu

rndc lunr: undn: co r utor Irnldr 6onoon racilr c nsutiuiin r re$ r r n r rut t fiurflu r ndulu

ruilnn'r iluI ou r edr e, u m do r flun r : e$ r s ufl ri s r n r vr{u{g r hi r Siut r ntiu

o't R 1?

:cucflndalosl{rdsossnlunu frrhifin',rnuuuudosuonlduriusu r{rlodrriroslnd

rGiulfiulrnldrnqda ( Dengue fever) dsrJ:su'tst 5-g 5u(t,2) o'trt1:I:n'ldrdonoon

osr?rdauldqrrfruunfruldorrgl6l 3E-40 o{d'r rsratdue ( 1,2,3,4) illitt'ttoroilornrr

finld rJanFlruc ndrunr qro'r0osunr uciciauluqiovhifirfrryn'lna nioornrrla dsdrh?at

rurroifirduuuRlrnrrnnrr6o,durruur',s r6uurule $acI:ofinlu:sccurntd (t) otnlt

n1{rsrluyrrq r6uorurrdnurisun'o ,duu'rn'rr o'r r6ou rjrnfiou duu',orlanuitt*d#l (epi -

gastrium) triorJanvrulnrltar( 1,2,4) ciauluqiovfr'[dglaou z-l iu u'to',torquurud

qnlu:andrr 2-3 i'ud nlqor6oaoonrdnln:rorsenuutul,'r fnug dr6'1(t ,2,2t) drrir

R'rrlrodollqffirndttournique test)Iounrtldrnfo.rfnnarridulafinriuututl3raorruu'odo

fr'u udrfiuarr{ruauioh?narududufirirduou',{ rgil'irsnarudr'ulnfinriruuuasri'rrirt dtl{

(n.s.253r-2s36)


23

s nrii 0snilqn rf,onson rfinrfi,i'ru?lm'rnodr zo qrdududro'tr,.d. 6eb?nrauanfin tou

uurdrToornutaruofiodrfinorniorilgta'onosnurot,dr riiut (easy to bruise)(1)01nlt

,f,u.uonddurdocilu'ldn'ordanrlr rnr rfionsannrr'l:flu ueidquurtfio tnosasonlun:g

rn't sol?tt r$ncd r ld fl{laurco r r6uu rflud r don r rir"luilu co f f e e g round uavri r oqec r : r

tlrf,r nfiurrfiu(.e t ena) (L,z\ lu:rsdornrrhiquurt rnaoldansrnrrdr.rrtcddu l{oc

anuuurniuuuor'rR ruoor#r rdu frnor rur r$a uacnarrufrut6onrrjdourdnr?ss uirfluludal

rs0sr.u',dul uf;andurflurJnfildror nrrrufdnriuoornfuilrcnrilorr{-r: rflurndulriudd'tfr

rjaududunsro(1)

ucilur'rudfiu1R'rrEilrrr{r orRrr0sro?a{rdol{aoodrrnrsviutiu ( ororisu'l{anmio

ild{l{annr0lu 24 rialrl ) frflaoovfio'rR'rrRrcf,unrv.iru fisrdr rdu rsu"lrJrnriise

finor rur rie n:rrudulafindr lriofi put se pressure uRilmiorlocndl 20 uil.rlcsn( t,+)

ffhoovrdrqinrrrf;on narudurdonuovf,norocfnhild ucidr'ldf,rlnrrfnurotirtqndotriu

r?a'r frrhoounrsldlu:curraardu:anr$a rcscf;onciauhqihirfiu +s faltr ucidrl#

nrrinurhiriufrdhooynt0R'tulu z+-+a trlur (l ,2,4\ o'tR'ttuaso'tR'ttudn{nr{cls{'ld

riosnu dsrddr{{laurroflunrrsssn riauhqiovfdndad rSnfrdot usnornlut'tudquutura ' l Inu rsnrclur'rudfirdonoonrrfl ol dd - vhifdndaldrracr r unrono guru Inu t snr c lur't udfi , donoonl r R ot 0 !sri'rxRt sqRsRua

R?llt?uttl{l

rrrirld + :cdu nrruudnrnEcioldnlrourrTslan (0B)

fi l{qr r fi sunfiu il: nilrusrJann r undr u t duuu r ru o r :vrnaeuqffi r ndldnaua n

frornrrullffholurcdil t unciinractfionosndfi.ntio rfionrir tnrnha

r fionoonn r ru nl rilu uci fr t fi n a r rdu- t n'oarln6

rgdu g iiornr:uuufrdleulurcdu 2 uacii:cuunrrlra rioulafindil tila? f;nor

rur rfu ursduihtsr(pul se pressure)unu rioondrrniorrirfiu 20 tltl.ilron 'rrrldur6on

d'r frdlaoovn:sdunrcairu rnduuunfrardu orofirdoaoonluRtst?nsol?t'truacdrld

rsdu q fidhufiornrrnrin {on fnnerrudulafinuacfiuf;no:hild r"u"d6'u*r'r0u'rR

ur n'hildiln r r fns rd r fiilr sduuacrlu r ra r {dh uo r o r fl of, ?n 16' {rla udfi o r n'r r o li lue vfru :

unsrsf;u e Sndrrflufr{lrulurcucfron (Dengue shock syndrome/Dss)(4)

rgdil t

zvdu z


24

I lacAR119rt?0nr {fio{unu

t. rfinr6onclrr

(neutrophil)dr

12,000/ail.ilu. uncfifialn:ilaqr lunrrn:rofiuuontfint6ontra

osnlJ atypical lymphocyte rfiuu',ndu Q')

rcdu ruas 2u0R0rn'[{rsrfia Inofrdlauovdosfi tnin r6oedluncfi n tqudurfiuzom r{lo

A@tdsld'ildu? tilR't 5 5 ?uo {fla'tdil'l

,'rudornrcnhiurn,ilruaurfint6sntrarTncral rdnrlotl fifiaInrfla

,'r rdfiurnrrurndusun nd.rfidonuufrdlaoovfi r$n r6ontraglduil:vruror

dr rflunrrn'n rdunf,sdz

z.zsdurninr6ondr(Thrombocytopenia) rcdiltn$nrfronocanrfiratriou:sucnldan

nnyriourvos$on tirubqjrn$nr6oaocdrndr 100,000 /ail.ilrt.ludar:cusiud 3-8 to{l

lrn (t ,2,3 ,4)

3 . tcdunr tu rdilduqol r fin r donuunr ( haema t oc r i t ) 6rur lnnFnorqu,duduur nn'i r

2oo/o luzvtsr$orulfiuuieildso'tn t n$n t dsnanns (! ,2 ,4 ,12')

4.crR1flR'r:u{qdrrsqr6oo lu$dlaodiirninrfionrloundl 50,000 /ail.uu.osfiaarn

nrru6r6'ator r n'onfiorjnfi 6o1#r rarurundrrJnfi ( t )

5.qrt1ts 0snr?ottutdsarlulrluqotr:Y ( 1)

e .f,r rnfi (b i ochemi s t ry) dnuralofisnracldrfiulur 6ondr ( hypop rot e inemi a )

lnurcflra6'argfiu (albumin) lurrudiiornltEuut{0sr$R't?slqrdsulurdsndr ( hypo-

natremia)

z.R'ttnr?nvrrrfrd orourfrlurdo{rurlon (pleural effusion)oldraruo riaulnqior

nildrus,e r lucs ocdo l R'r r Er{ur sfinffiJldriraosdr q ucidr {1? l tcil l nnd r dr sdr s ( t, 2, 4')

E . R1 rf, 5?oilr r'[afaivrs r

8 . I R'r rcrr? 0u0R r dslafa r dslafa r "lfi.ornulu

r 6on1u r aa r dudu dr r Hldaoti I t

c,rrodr$ciz-giuurnocfiIonrauun,duldurooiu drfleolrudar6u siufnuunrds'trildtr,z)

8 . 2 R t rerr ?01{1 uoufiuofi d( an t i body l lufi9ru ( s e rum) t fluiidu^uu ldfiut r R t nt t v

rfirtd,irun'ir ef;dl#ldrri hemagglutination inhibition(HAI), plaque reduction

neut r alizat ion(PRNT), compl ement f ixat ion(CF) ttav ELISA R15n5?0n?t t01s

rdsn z o#u uiuuro,u*u rildJauuacnfrdaol6nrj:cilril t -z drjnrr{cioilr


25

R I t: ng'l

r*rdf,u'l*ifiordru'laYadfiqndrnnrsuioindudflssfiuIrnldra'onoon nrrfnsr6s rfluuuu

insrnrrornrr$acdrgfiudrcnar dsqc'ldnnfidrifiof,ol:aldtute0cu:R1 nrlrl6'ri6fi6'1fl

r . rgugldgs '[no rsnrc rHnd rnufrdccfn'f,n riolu: r odrJenflrcc drordstlnruda

srodr rflude.rh?oranl{ narl#uraal{rflunf.orte,rardfildqlurnrrirriu lnol#nrr r

rrynrruoadroa?'mrcfn:cil 'lrintrldorusa'ln?u uaunriruor sal icytate stirlt6ntrn

srorirtr{rfinurrariioassndrduqorrrfl'rcorfl1t rtacf,sfirlfnrrs'ufralosrn$nrdsnrflohJ

r 6onoon'lrinqn (l ,2)

2.l#{ileoldarrrirrorro {ilrodornr:hi1uu:r(rcdil t,z)dautnqjfll{qs ,duurtt'tt

uaciisr r6uu rlrl#finrrr"'r.ri'ruuc rnf,slryr6su n?rl#fr{laudlrirna'lr3uf sattnca'tuel{dr

nrnrn6oui(Ioorfrsa) dr rflu r 6n r f;nsr gr?ound r fllde rracnlunrrlrnra rn6ond tdaunrn rn6oui(Ioori tsA) 6r tilutFntdnsrqfognil 2 illlldltacn1Un{u

duurnfurfinra6n | -2 titu luc rsdor r6oufuldlnfqardsolrrnvdurisst

o 1 r6 su nia rdos'n4't tut n s r tfit r :or 1#ar rtf',nt {flaon r 6onri r nld( t, Z, I

r.6nnrrueornr:{rJrssdrrlndf;n rdsocldnrronuuacflocfiunrrcdan'ldfiurrnr 5c0s

iirFnsrnrr{onfinocrfim$oufiuo1n'rrlddanar il:cilriliud I tuuorrdleurfluduhjt.utd

r fiqf;onudaucir c sc r ra r'[d nr r ilucdr l#rieurin: ruo l n t rrl rto lsondt s r ofro r n r ril:ndo s

ilaaracfisoaq nrcdilnrvcirs fio rrir rdungoutfiuldnn dtfis1R1r rilrirdrrucdrlffiucillr.r

n0rurafiuiirn:rcdrfncthi?iu$rhoo'rrnronldnrslu t z-z+itlw rfrtorniiornrr$on( t,z)

4.nrao:sdurlslrninriloa(platelets)ttagnrtilr{udutflot6on$ns(haema-tocrit'l

luf,ilaodaldodros rfluI:n1{rfionosn uilndtcfnilror?$Atcscrirr rrJdsuurJnltroq tn$n

r 6onuasna rru r {rduts r r fin r ilsnrtaqdd;tlrt'rs r Rtn t aonosane la{qnt 10 rcdunrr rrjdou

urlu udar u r rolroRn? 1 x{ulrr t"er 1 r ndld lunr rrlfirifin r rriu r nin t aoonqo r n b I ood f i lm

lrlrfudrurulu ro oi t f ield (ort drrirrndurlsond 1 2-3 lor 6edriircdudr (rlo0l#riudrueulu to oi I field (or) drrirrndurlsondl 2-3

ndrriorrirfiu loo,ooo

orirslndfin o'roqcqR 2

(leakage of plasma)

r 4itrr ad?unru?rfl1t?0u

,4)

,'n3 ) lurrudrn$ardenrdruan trdolfianrruq haematocrit

i':Iuslurcusutfl rdofiri'tgudu uansdt rdrufinrrfatslnnrarir

dc r flu, ndusdrdi rdot l#nr r f,nu r vn t tudaoar :rfr ( t, z: )

5. Iau rnrlrclt rrururnd


26

fisfil{ nar6nnrruq rlo tuacdo + rraofirnintdonandrnactcdu haematocrit qlduuei

hirrnlnahifiornrrssn orol#nr:fnurInul#arnfun6o,duouurutfldrfiulil dloror{r

ldddnfrrtauusn usidrhaematocritfirg.rdurdos nardosr-u'l{inurlulr{ilo1u'taufsn:dd

{flauiiorn'rtudn{to{Sen fior t6ouuacdr s rflurfionfis$r1hirurnfioru

uacds rflu r dsr r i.rdaulunr:l#nr rfnur ( I )

n sdo r iu'l{qnr r o

nr:flo t fiuuagnauqilI: n

, do r o r n fnduits q fiul r n'[d r 6ono onf, q o { r vrd r r n r r fr ns r i 6'o nrrfuo't : fls t fiuunsn ?urlu

I:nd'ldnnu',ndqu n?r0s rflunr:frrarsumds rnrvfiu{qraro ludiioculirtlt{uR1rflsrfiuuac

narqulrn'ldr6oeoonrflu z rcu, 6'td

1 . u*orrurdr, (Emergency control ) ldrdofinr:rsrrntotl:n rflunrsdurnfirflrf,n

qrda r6il5s durfluncso{rloo nisriuulru ul t ra low volume (rJLv) Inududrtlr tniiornlt,.

rnro{rrur.f lugnu Rrs0'ruooRru'r rituagoswlss rCelfidrfiafiud'rgr docriuorirsduo z nfo

rfrq.fi'urJ:sil'ror lo iu (3,4,20')

z. unursosu'l? (Long-term control) 'firrfludsrrrlunrrldnatufuriqrln ldnrcilfin

6qdun: runsrl:n orrocrirudsdrrl rdu udufiu lrJarnof ronarrdtfiur{ fii inq rtio

orodrunriuuuda',urrodo'lrldrqrusu'ld rdu ng qnnalRitrMtoqt tdsdrunsnneruf

Ino rsflrgtf,nrrnruquqrnrnvrirlrn dr rfluna?f;ddrdqdqn dorrlrsrir.rarir tausuacaio

tduu (regularity & sustainability)(1,2,3,4)

nl raailqiltl qilrilsdr l: n ( zo )

t . rir6'nnisanumcir tnrvfr'u{qrar0 lduri

t. t ifenrru*,fiurflfirrrfrlddrudrfln , fu luora?rdrudrdr firsrut$o

firnara6n

| .2 rnr ilq firnru nrrucnioiaqdltilduirranoulrhu rdsfil#rflud

:o r futfrdqo r o t fluuurir rnr sfiu{q ra r o 1d

z . n r :rir u t oqnti't q{n 1 u

z.t if;nr0ntr{(physical control) o'i', tnr ilq nruuviaq dortdr r a 3 urg

r iluuuri'r r finqnrir g r a r old


z.z if;1#arrrnii (Chemical control)

- R'rtldncroocluYr ( Abate l%o )

27

kilunrrurtildu rfr l#ludnr r

r nflrueisrir lo fin: nisncloocruil r dsuvrdsrfr to0 finr ( s flu )ldvrrrossruyr I

ofu oviiqnf;kraruqnrfiilrvrl'r0r 2 rfioundsds r rdsu

! v-u'ril l qRuln

2.3

rlarfin rlarunur;r6o

ti duuluE rirriu nsdnrlon r Raoo$R{lurlirrordno rilu'rskiluduris

?ifianrrr(siological cont ror )ldrJarfiuqnrir rriu rJar?n{uRg{r

Inuuriun:roqqn t -z ffilani

r .floqfruntrqnqlfin (man-mosqu i to cont ract ) lduri usulurts niououlu

,duuouutriofl

rn^oslnqj uciarurronufi'a'hlld4nru'o.rr.udoluvuryrdeo onriulqfllcrul,yrduond'rrirsornwrJ

r fluYr'r {nrJu1 nu I Ytluu

e,A i 'rjrfiqurir s reil q { r,rio ldu rnrfiuq r

n r rflo s frul r nlri r dsnsan ln u n r r n?ilquq q r s hfl dnafi do r neruna rufiurf.r n r r n?uqil

uilGi{ tnlrr{u{q{nasn'rrrirfrnqtda rHrfu uavdolrJfrrifildfinrlunrounqugudq* luEuvuA o 'a e d d dae o a ! E r ro d Illu{l n?tn'ltuuR'rtqRnt?lrou r{rRilR'rrn?uQrlilntunr?r5oild?il1fi8 uf,g{rrjrtfiaqril'rc

r{u{qrar sluur.rni: t isu gtntrnrd rndaosf i'rll?urlRflodocdr 1#r finlrnccilrnld uoR

o'todduduriinrrrJfirin^orirreio,duuuurar3rrrtuo nrnrflu'lrJldna:iinrrn?uquqrnrsotir{do

q{a1E ( Aedes aegyptl )(2,11)

qtnrurrirlrnldrn'oooonfioqsu,u du rfluqlluorrvgn Aedes rdefrud1q{a1ufifiurir rfin

lunirjdllin r s{su r 'lduild nr c o r u'lildqniild r rr In u6nlrJfiuo'rnurdldlun r r nililr nu Inu

t snr c lu r tngouuisriour?r r $ou r rirrfu drriuo r n r alu r fio.r lnods gou,rardu 6 r r ilur c fiu

f,afidotor g ln r odrufulurJr c rnflnlnu'hifiud'ng rufiufrud 1q{ra'r uldrdrur undr{u{6'sueir uaoln

iar1u{1urfior6'uqrarolurJ:cryralno'ldrJrlnAlu?rrdlrng{r,ro,du fl n.a.24so Ino

THeobald F.v. rdrlodrlurcosurnlq{a10ocuflifiu{oqirnnrvlurfiortffiiinrrnrru'rnu

dcn?nrritrfu n1rlt'r0ir'ruto{ Scanlon J.E., t962 ilzrngdrqtarofi'[do{6rfinrnnrclu


28

?{orfienq{aro (2,11)

q{a'luii?lo:f,iouris rflu + rsus luqgrluoufiur?41 l0- 15 5u ciauluqq;fiul?0s

fiuraar 18-20 fu :cuceil{dll,o{lrln:fiinqtarofifisd

lgt esl )

ldqrarodlulrouo{r r#u'lddasnr rrkir rflurfingrJ'lddrflrafivr turnnhitfiu t uru.

rc0yR1: rr?qtortcidufiufiuflrsrnrc ornrs$outc1#ranrdun'ito1Rtflilula Inorlnfiql

a r u 0s? r r nldouna', o,fluqorfr o sfiu r aaril: sr 10r I iu'ldq rn r siina rlfi r nuoqio d r tndt ds

finarrunrnueisnrrruu#q'lddrrnnlciorooroqjlududr'ldururflurfioulncldflnderfluqnrfr uas

ldf,rfif;a^ero{ld rdetdnarrdrd,nr',cau fiarilrroooR,flugoti't'ldludn: lisuac so drdr

dnuug nr r a r r'hito q q { at s

nrAlutRlsnjultfl{

$tdt ( I arva):i

qnri r q r a r siiilnnsonru r c r n'lci

lCludur?ruru + r6ou '[docfirfifiicruaeunnrfluqntit'ldrlrgursgouas 1.6 tnofintrfinut

lurl:g rndoodrnr rduiludrhirerq{arsdlil'r:ofif;?no{ldrfiu r itlududl tz+) Rltn{nua,,*'6otlrnauqilq { a 1 u Ino t ndr t r n

ttrnisfi 1 nr r nd r a t lun r susriu6n

cion a r uu#q udr ldururfi fi nr rudr f,qion 1 t n?uqu q { a 1 s

d ur r d r xn'tsusnq{?1,rt l1$q [flotoo1{ tnu? n#ucioilr rdsfidunn

ld q r fie r r r r o$nR, fluqnrir ld rh h?n r : n ruqu I r n ldrJr cauFtad I r 3 o

6- t0 iu osna'rurfluqnrfi6aurin6o6'ahis (pupa) drldraar z iufiosro?qrfluqlcislil

qqInr6il{s ( adult )

,duuuoorndrLi.r rfluraarrjrsil'r0r 24 firIus 6s r?l6uornrr uasluc,stc

r 6safiufi oc r ?ruruarufiu{du q rnr sda rfi uts t fiu t du ( s pe rm) t{luql s pe rma t he c a da rfio

@taJoHfluiluq rn0{nrr rouefiaru'rro?1q'lEi'ldnnonfi?n qrorsda riioncart'ldln0,nduo9lunJru

ru10r 50- 140 r,lsr$acrrrld +-, ufu*uunfiin d'qrfuqraru6't rfisdrfiorqil:rtrot 30-4s

iu q.rnrudauriociidnuss,$r rn'rs 6orurnrdn rirdrfirf,rafivr finrstralgrlndro rduaqiradt

dndronfilnrrr finrrc,radru{rron fio{ {ruasrTa rlrl#uaqrfluarutt?df,ildr darfisfi

rur otnqjnacufi t ur r nd r oYr{

1 d o v a o u o qiuun' ari r fi n 6u nril n r ruc n : g d n n t c o t o

Ie

s&aoRflr lljlllflun + ufu nrulu:asrrrurtodo


29

R 't t Rllo 1?t'l x

s a r J a a dr d---^-:--i-^-J-!-- ^-.4-i- s-.- vq{atUd'?tilutrirrlufrAntd'oe[ililoltf 'lt nst:r|il'lflun{llntY'|oilo{lnr ilU'l{a?

or0oddn6{ 3 rjru rdorolflq{n'rsaou?rln'ulutrornarriu dlfifrfiour€sndoriudr oDay

bi t ing mosqui to' drhiiinutfiqnrf,onrTuotoqnrdondniduuvru rdu fa aaro un lrio Jo i r a o c A { s s I q d d-. .4-.-.3-q{atunsooflillnufr{lufidi't{rsrauun ?rd{r!lRnuouttd? lJuostollfinflouliln[0u l{0u !n

uasdil rduluriosdl ldqurhu nru{u#o{ wan{ qrarofiuld'hilna Iasfiiafinr:fiu'hirfiu

r00 rilnr (3)

n1r?1{'[rjqqa1CI

q{a'rououdorrrrlqilurfrlaacsrnnac,flutiliis Inutqflrrri',oluo"nolrutn Gi?il

lnqjuurilrnrvfiufg.rar06qrflunrrustfiutfllurhurSou (artificial container) rriu

Idrrirfiudr1# tirrourr{du{ra urfiu eirrdrrrrft 0lilto{R:corrduh? o'rIrooudrrir1

Inorarrsldlrirfiurfrl#oc*u6orflq.u'ruu'rodqn ro{a{urlduri rirnrio"tfifii{rlrasR'ttuv

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ilsfrufifi flaeionr r e r r'hi ( z )

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rdrlunr:arr'hi

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g . dr cir leaco r niina r lriu1d r f; nrio u

a . o gi luu? r eortiru r iouuqud


30

rJ:sifior:ourffgIrc r?sulurj:c rnnnlnu (29, 30, 3 1 )

rtuu?nrrourriul:tr€ou(School Health Services)rflustutiturdttotln:{ln'llqflR'l1I

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u.d.24s6 lddrr,rrirusurriol:r riuudu dfrqninun::rudur rfluurilrrrn trasflt,'10

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finr:ueiqd{NnilsRrruR'rr finrrugis6'{nilsRt:ufir:ourfulrs tSourcdusr6nrrulfinuvfg

nuni luil n.d.zsoj

n.f,.2511 IINICEF ( United International children's Emergency Fund )

'tdl#nrrrudau rufisludrunrrouruq ruourriulrt riuuurir drlrrhdoulrio Inoafilarlur ar-


3l

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rurircrilr BU1r1A r

n. d . 2s l 5 finilria sf, r asi r rfius rur'rufiunr cnr arf,nur in r r Ins'ldfln r :riau tnds

0 rn uNIcEF lulnr snr rflnurliu{adl tdf,{fifnsc tf,l tnr r

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fi.ft.2517 Rrcytr?{Gt'trltorqrfinrrrlfurlqlciaurlsn'1t6fl?'lrc?rds flrtlourrislrl

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dlr uqrflnur lul: I rE uu rdocriuaqul'tuourriolr t ri uu6ndautldtd.u

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I . ?'r{urnuuacir tfiucruourriulrl r€uu

z . fun^srou#olrlgrunu rur aIr s tE ou

: . fin r ns' oil u a cd r oriun unm d lun r r nr a o qtn r rnin t 5 uu

4.nr?1qrnrilfnrisu ( Heatth Inspection )uacl#druuvriruringrJ:c'f,rdulu

nrtnt?oqtnrrnin r?oulunsurdr ( Morning Inspector )

s . frnh?finrrd'trfintin inriauqlto.rrin riuu n$oufufin

e . frn ftifi n't : nt ? 0d 1 u

"lfl u, n $l d.r o cd ril9olfiun r t n t 2 0 qtn r nrJ: c'il ril

z . funnrsrlun r r{ls t fiuuas oauqul: nn^neio lul r I ti uu

s . 6nnrunanrrfnurfn r6uudilto uavudtldflrlnn:olllt 111

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t o . dr oasuqt dnu r rra vrlguno ru r artrifn, ? oudsn r { n t { uacn r q dsl

t t . {lorfiuqrifi ruqdor o r findu

I 2 . n?urlllqua r durfiun r rqt r fiur nu?adoulul: q r i ou


32

r g .il:saru{ rufiur 6'rurhdsurriolrs r€oudutluriaudrdor{ol rdu rdrurirdaorfi

ourfo rsrurirddrrinrruarrrrarqrdr rno rdrnfirddrriRrruartr:aqtrf,tmin rfludu

t + . l#oa ruda u r udsuns:'aruruoofiu r drmrlrdnruourfu lun r:dl t a?uuasr{sur sur riu

qu"ud, fludd."u s I r s r i sffirda u

finr uqqilq uacrdud f,nrlqariu(291 ldrnsndrrfiqunlrnto{ltu'trrtasurrTslrl

r 5 uuniongourriul : r ri oul {drd

r . d r riufinrl : v i6qt n rnt o r tin r 6 su r { r ltri4n nu

. a v Ja - q d2 . S? 0ttyt?lCIuacnunttflvto lufl 1 5 n t ? sqflnlflttn t t oil

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I : o fi qdauririn r € uu t{ r r fiun r : u onrin t E uurJa u oon n r nfiu

s . r fludrlf nu r uas lfrr{ r uucf r t do uqtn toour riu

e . firiaudru lun r r a r qul our 010 { n'l r i r r fius ruour rio I c I t 5 su

z . fidaudur lun r r a r tul ou r o findl Iilc un:iln r :rlgruno ru r auririn rE uu

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I . da ong lun r :frt r nqqtnrnrin ri ou

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tt.ldnrrrudaruu'olunrrr1ufin uacrfiilfnuuinrqtnrnrlrs'firdarinriuuotirtriuarYu

r z . l#na rrd arufislun r ::J: c r fiufl an r r l#n r :u? n r r ourriol r I r5 uuoti I q s{s r ds q

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qur fi larurJ: v g r ( 3 0 ) tdnd r rdrnrirdnr ruiufintouto rn gour fiuI: I rE uul{dlif

t . fro rn€ou#osr^rururnl#riuu9otl

2 . sr r ? 0 q{ R r n 1 rtrin r 3 tlura s u s nrin r i oufi a I f, 0 1 #uuvr dn I r o

r . fl o q fiuunv nerqruI r no'ndsdo r o r fi nduluI : t t3 tru

4 . nxilqilqranl tqt rfirrn lulr q ri su

s . hfn r :dgrunu rur auritin r? uu


33

o . riufinuac r fiu: au: rrurin:qiln rflro crfn r 6 oul dl#r 5 su9o u

z. hirf,r$ucf ruringaouqtflnurlurdosqtrlfrrifirorrinriou uncdau rfluinurnruring4 J o yA s

qs,f, ng'r : ?uvr{1t 1 ltuln$us rtlt?q1R'riln? 0

g . fidaur'ail lun r r f,nuasC r r fiur ruln r { n r rqxn rfi lul r s ri uu

s . iinr:6nnrrruanr:inurnsrura lunsddfn 16our finnrs r dudles

t o . h?nrrrudaruruootYu r drmrirdourris lunr:dosn'auruiodq ra?uou'uiucror#oroud

In r6oudrogid r g d e s d durray r hYJ o-ncriiudrrnurmurTrfirorngourfol:rr3ounrrufi1Cfi{ndrrlSrIu ociid'nuugndrona'{fiu

nrirr6orcrilurnurndrdurr?orfiuqrnliloulriotosfnrisurflund'n rf{dru{losfiunruqulrn

6nrio uacnr rrir raiusulriutsrfin risu

rf .fl.2s2s , dsfi uarard (:z) 'ldfinsr rrJiuuriiounaru6nrfiuros{uinrrrrnun[

rnarurriodiicisilmurilngourriolrr riuuriroruflnur nrnnsfuosnrfrsq rnfio nrirudrodrr,flr

u?u 304 nu nanrrflnurnudr {uinr:unvngourru-oiinarurriu'irngourriulrr rEuuoer

iirnu rndrun r rdg r s n a r rdrr{udr cild r rrlrufirl : r r 6 our r nnd r unu r ndrudu

tr. f,. 2528 : qfio lruuaa (33)'ldf,nsrnerrfinrfiu{uinrrlrr r6ouriroruflnurdiido

rJrfu'f n$o{ngourrio nrirdrotirviruru 47g flu nanrrfinurnudr fruiur:1:r rSourfiu

daofiuunulnflo{nloiluislrr rEuudruuinrrqrnrnqrqn flo{o{urnrudrn'u 6o nrreou

qtfnur n 1 rd$ 1 r n e r rdrfiuf, r sui r r I r r r 3 oufiuqrru $osn'r e f,ndq u a nf;or l#qnqrdnuara

1finrrflnu'rd{u?nrrI:s rSoufrurflnsr rfiudrnrrur:lludrunirngourriolrr rioururndqn

6e dlcnr'rorurauacourris ro{a{ulnlurirdu 6lo rrrtrnanolura dl$lqflfrnsl nltlA

TtCI1il',lad't!1 tsrq{ d't1,1fi0 1u1a uasoudl

n.f, . 2529 : ronos rer:6'nuoi (:+) nldf,nurunu'r?rro{nlourriul:r riuilrduafiu

nr:ir rfiuq ru}J:rnrrqrnlfllulrr r€surirunfrnsr Rq{ rnnumlunr ncjudrorirr,6rueu

103 nu nanr:flnuryrudr ntrourriulrrriuulnudeu::riilnurnqrtudruuinr:qtnrn

uciunu r il ludrun r r find.r dor tul r s r ? suldq nqrudnuilcun cunu r md run r r aouqrdnu'r o g tur v

durJrunarr ngourriulrrriuudfiiurluns'rrtraoviiunurngsdrunrruinr:qrnrn riaunrrf,n

,116I ICopyright by Mahidol University

34

ds$andoululrr r€suuasnr:aouqrfinur rfludufiuro{il'tnttiirdu ueingourrioI:l r6oudlti

fidug',uo', tflo'ril 1a 0 tfiunu tno $ lu: sdurl ruon r uriua', udlu

n.n.2s30 : arf,nd ro?qiud (rsy lddnurilqfil$nsn?rudosnrrflo{ngourriolrt

riuurdsrfiunrrfinr?nrrqrnrrlulrr rFsu$ruilfinur Rq{ tilaililrunr nril6'aotirldrueu

I z z nu nn n r r fl nu r nu'i r n g ou r ris I : r r 3 oufi fltgfl r r d u a fiun r c 6'nu? n r r qtn rH lul r t r € uuo 1i

lu:cduilrunarl,flruau s dru fio drurinrq{un1?r drunrtert?oq{n1n drun^nn'luflaR1t

inur drunrrfrrfiurin fndauqluasflerrouct'run'r drulnrurnr: drudt ra?tqtnrnin

drufrsdr ra?ruqrnrtrqnna'rnrlulrr r€uu drunrrf,ndr tfiunr:u?nrrqtnrnlulrq ri0u t,R

r{uflqnrdrunrru?nrregrlqfi{ufiul:n flsrfiuuasnruqllrnfincio drunrrilgunutu'tarac

l#nr:insldurdu drunrrffnaiefinrnlul:r riuuoviiflqurlurcdudo0 ngourrTulrl

r 5 ourirulrqifr n a r ildo q n r : r d o a fiun r r fiau? n r r qtn rlrlul : t r 6 uuo $ lur vduqs

fl.n.2s31 ! orctt o6rrnnn^u (so) 16'flnurrrJiuiltfiuilnarlfinrfiutolfru?urrlrl

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r vt?ruil1unf In u l#uuucollo'til n rtfluFrar r I:.r r€ uu,fl ruau 1 8 0 nu uasn gdauqtfinur 6 r

1{?u 108 nu flanr:flnsrnudrfru?mrrlrr tSouuavngqrufinurfinartfinr#urduafi'unrrCr rfiu

rrulnr{Rrtqtnlnlul:r rSou lurcduds + dru'lduri drunr:frndlutndsu drunr:do

l?nrrqtnrn drunrraouqtdnur uasdrunrrl?mrrlnrlnrrqtnrnrinr€ou

n.a.zsgz : nrfi riq6 (32) tdfinsraurtouc{o{ngourrislrt tiuunrrunrriu$

rolfru?rrrrraBngourriolrr riuululsr rSouriruilflnur dtfinnrruarrin; RI{ tlll{ul{1unt ndru

6rodrlrflufruinrrlr{risu druau 103 nu uarngour{uTrr16sudruau 103 nil naRlt

dnurnudreilrrousrorngourfionrilRrrfu{tot{linr:IrI t6suuasngoutrioIrI risu oqi

lu: uduqr Inofio r ratr rfluc r udrudqd

nrriuflu:vfiugr, drunrruinrtqtn'tn druqtrl6^ri6

nrriufluryfiuilrunars : drunr:aouqrflnur drunrcilccarutru ilacdrunrr

6'ndrurndorulul:r t€ou

n.f,.2s32, daor rlJ6U0inurnrof (:s) ldfinsruilulyrflo,qflorurasurfolrtrEuu

n'rilR'rrirLfrorfluiur:I:s r€uu ng uasflurlrnourrioltq riuuludsfiqnq{ rnnil?llilnl


35

Inul#uuuttollolu orruf,uirr:lrq rEsu ,f,ruau 150 nu ngourriolr{ riuu'f,ruru 90 nu

ngoaullulrs riourJrcauflnurdrueu 365 nu uacilCI ruraourf0dqfiadrfinourriunq I

Tr.n.2535 :

rnilrtflliln:,f,rueu s7 nu naR'rrdnurnudr ngourriolct riou ngduluocrlorurasurfu

Irr risu finrrf,rfunulnfloruraourrislnudaurrlo{lurvduqluav'hiunneirlfiu{uinr:

I:r r€ou n r : flufunillnnu ruI aour fo I r I r 3 uuii 'hifi n r r ufruriudfiun r : fl nu r / ou; u

.r r uou r riu l r r r S ouua cil r saun r : nin r t rlfrrifi q rud a r fiunu r l r aou r rTtl l r l t E uu

rfiqn^ata usiilnaq ( 3e ) ldflnurilof,uur qdrtn'ttdii^utio:cfiunarudr

r $ o$o s q rurBn r rsu't fuI : .r r 6 uulul : q r 5 suil: sauflnu r nrirudaotirs'f,rueu 8s Ir.r riuu

il o fr sfi fi n a r rudlr{udfiur c dun a r ild rnan r rfrnurnud rngourriulr I ri uurirubqirflu rncuq^t

r $ rtors ruuinr:ourrToIr I t?uu'lduri ao'luR'l?ldutd o r q lun r t:lfrrirr'r t sfl t t $aeut {

grlolunrrrlflrio'tru

s'ru?ffu'lusi1sil:s rnq

n.f,.1926 , lnria ( Thomas )(a0l 'lddnuufuunururasurful:t r€uu 6oarurf,nfr

udslulrs riou Inociqrrludollo'llro'tunur1J'taourrisl:.r r6ou'f til?u 29 nu rlu'irfion::lfi

lrr,llJlaourriuI:s r€uu'ldrdrdaruu',odqt 6odarusofiurdrmr?rdlulr.r riuu arrunudrt

rdnqnr unvilqn rdrufior r n r odo r d ril? 0n? rre saa nlun r t ldu?n t 5rto't ill atrrir;nna lul r I

rE su'hifitou t $nn? rrufufintouduriuou

a.?t.rs7s : niuiia ( Greenhill )(41) ldflnurrdorfiunrrfufuvrlrnuo{?lt,'t

uraourriolrr rEou Inulduuilaouo'mo'ruo10'rtdhnqi 46 nu ogdilfo"'t ez ou ugdu

esdrtq!-d-re----A-tS4 nu uacilBruraoulriul:l rTsu 22 nu nui'l o'1015u lilq ngmil:RUl nAouluacfiO'l

urasurrYul:sriuufinrriufunurnro{?r0rrraourriul:.rr3ouilnncirtfiu uci'ldfinrrldlr{u#

tcfidrrnrtiufunulymo{ltsruraourfiulr{r?oufiunrrldfun'tiolrtu rJrcaunr:afnr:rlfrrifi

q rur'rufiuflollltaourriul: s tEuu

0.rnnt:flnurcirr'ldlnrira dlufidrf,lhirnufinrrflnurlurfotlvru'tYtxo{ngourfslrl

r?suludrunrrfloqfiunelqrulrn'lclrfionoonfinril ucioroaqrl'tddr{u?nrtlrlriuurtutugdul

riauh,rqio v o oru fu luuflu lnro { n gou r rio l r t r i su ludruui n r : qiln t fi ua vn g ou r fo l r q r i sufi

oc 4 t 4 -cr-.p--.----.e^^^,.. -----d ---r-ilnilg1un1rflnu1nrunr,'r!raocfiilmurnqrludrunr:lFurtqtnlfl uonoInfiocflu'iI ullu1Yl


36

q 4 s s d I - v e 4----q------ 9-,-rtnsfl?1il5lr?tnroillto{laEoil1u0l5{t:silosnroilnqun1uqiln'rTroulr|01|0{uRt:gutuqnlnlu

dsrtr hing ourriu I: s rE uudo rfinr: cufn nr rlfufiorouqr r flufr r floaar r doilflrifinrhdt#

nrud'luqndor rtqfrrder rflurlnnadn?cud?{?r'rn?rrffinrurdr toro{ori'tuad't taruo tnr'ts

nrrufnrrdruarrrruqrnldfinrrr{oruro{noonl?nr tf.uudntrlf,uavrnnluladciruldtilu',

:lr vqndl#

daufi z uuefiouasnqufifiriur{or

ruurfiouassru?ffsd r dsrffuna riln{suaA@

uurnn rfiuafiunarrun$on

nr r run$oru (Re a d i n e s s ) r iluan rndqnnangouoarlfirin'fionr rurfur ldo d r lfirlc s

Sninrn na rrun9ou rfluilo fisdrdqdo rriruonuisriru, urnudo, r 6ndulunr lrlfirififio n:rurfrrl

d r o ca r u r r orl6'rifi fi o n : : u t do ti r r firJr cf;nfr n I nu r ndo u r fi u s 1 n

naoarungst (L+w of Readiness) rflunqdsCItolRqntrrBouf (Learning

Theory) xo{ Thorndi ke (42) uril rflu r ngtiou6oi/ t.6rrgnnaniorudrlfinrcfrr iindnnrrdr tnaoqnnangouudrnldnrsr{r esrfia

narlnglo ( When a conduction unit is reeady to conduct,conduction by it

is satisfying )

z . dr r;nnan{oluffrlril#n:s$r iimdnnr ri r tdoqnnan$suovnI cfiIudahild

n:sfrr fidoruocfioh?rfinnttrufrntqlo ( For a conduction uni t is ready to

conduct ,not to conduct i s annoying )

r.drqnna!dn{oruucignrYrfful#nrcdr fivrdnnrrdr tuaorlnna'hin$otueignril

dulrinrsr4rfiocrioh?r6nnrrrfrnrqlor:iufiu ( vfheen a conduction unit unready

for conduction is forced to conduct,conduction by it is annoying )

du,,u, u. r ru 6o r d u a fiiln 1', rnfloud fi fl hfln I't tt?tu't u t {un r 0nu6'ld

rolr aauruuri (43) 1d1#n:lrlfiru1oqo{n?rrH9ou'l{'ir o?lilfl9oilflrr1u6{ enrnnrrai

r oi u rudr r nao R t t er olJduo { l'rf o n r : n r sd r s d r s 1 ao d't u ndu

ornr rsradrrdi G4') 'ldnrire'ir n'rrun$sulnofr'anlrjnrrodt iinr:cfiioaolndrfindu


37

n r CI lildxr{nna rd? r flunnl#n r : nr gdr ds 1 nd.rildsfi uua hiur cil: cdiln? r rdr r $ o

qrr 6un{roru uarg:rrri ffun{ror (45) ldh?narlllil'rsto{n?rln$srdr tfluenrn

iro { R'r r r o iq r fir l nr a n fiun a r rueu l r rnc n ? r u f du r fl udug't udq u no o rdr o hifr r i uul d r :' ouf,

In secna n

nt rioufir Facouril ?ufiura (46) nriradr narurgo!fiodnuEcrfinunlufr?qnnn d\3 d A < eeq A 9 ad q €a A &f,1ur5or?urarfiuruurnEo{ruo ru ruR'rrnauauorflrlnfrquurn?o?nR'rr rnarRltl{u{ uil

tiorunr r udq n r : r ni uudt c r oin;r on r ruciolil n6sn r :ds gdr anr?rcis'til

6n:r rqrrfir (47)'ldnciralnoeqrldr nuocfiroclrldfilrishiscdosfinrrun$a! dr

na rurioud r fieduo rdosduoqjfiunr rrdudanr rdru6nl o ne r unlorvrr qdrud'r {r R 1o

nr rrunisrnr qdrus r :raidrnr uovn?'r!il9orunr rdrulor^nr rv

orr?u qn?rBnolar (48) 'ldncirrdr oarrnioruuurodranliln?rilroiqr6ulnts.rdrr

n r sur nfiuna rraul ouasn? ruf,dug ru do afi r l#rf, r 6 uu r 6 uuf, 'lddun co q drJr cnoudo vria o 1#{

r?ou r fiona run$sr lduri

- srdrJrcRouRruludafrr:'ou lduri 1ru'nr?s n?rrueulo urruf,*iugrutiorl:r

aun r:air 6lror fr ri.uu

- erdrJrsRorJR'rulul:.rr€uu ldud anrnurndortnrululrtr:'uu rriuqnndn

nrnro{rnE nr:frnunr?uu uiragtl:r tSou rfludu

urlnrnrfi ( Mekechnt e ) (491 ldh?na'r!?furunrrun$oudr utrsdsanrilnt:siilio

qorauifiror {n: vr{r diio.', uo r rdoiodu urludu 1 o iin: r uncio rdauacnr cf r o d r r do{'[a

unrrto{ ttasnatc ( Thatcher, ed at . ) (50) ldnriradr nerrun9o! u!1odt cnru

nrroinioqararffirornrr rnisrn$sudurduourorRRlr rnisrnrr narrorin arruRolo uas

n? rilR5 cfisiof,u

fln (Good) (51) ldldnalu?tutCIto{fl?rln3ordr rflunrludrrltonnaqlr aarrdc'rtoil'l

n?ru6t'rurrodor r{rdurfionr:r narun$orurfintrndnuotsnrllfinrav rJrcaunr:sf uac

orrmftsrf,rSou n?1ufl$orufirrflunrcfieurnulfifin?'ruGI'm'ttodorriuuil$onrcrfirfionrruld

".rdo uacrnnrn:d ( Downtns end rhackrey , (52) ldurilo.rrirJrsnounarrungoru

1{ + nrjr 6o


38

t . orrirJrrnouyr'r {R'r 0 (Phys i ca I fact or s) lduri nrrur:qlot'ntacdtudrt

n r sri'r lilz . s.rrirJr sflolr?r1rafiilqqr (Intellectual factors) tduri narun$su

firuafiilqqt n?t!d'lilrrolunrrirf tr"rcept ion) uacn?lud1u'rrotunrrfinsdrtiirnqnra

i. ssdrjrcnounrrdrudturndou (Envi ronmental factors) '[duri rJ:cau

n r:nidruds nu

4. olr{rJrsnoudruorrilsi ttt{g{rlortnrqnfinnrn (Emot ional factors,

mot ivat ion and personal i ty factors) 'lduri n'lrlriuaqdruoltilsiltasnerrudotnr:d

nv riuuf;

r r u? ffs r dsr ffunr.r un{srr

rr.fl.2522 : o?urffl: nrunf,nei (s3)'ldfrnsrnarrn9oulunrrl#urunaruflo{ru't:nrlno

tirnr: rfinIrofior rfiulunrsno'rqurRrfinoor : r6ou driul{inurlul:{n01u'raflq{

ryfnr?rlilnr nrjrud'rotirrdruau $2 nu Inufio'rrilrn?rrun$ouludrunarrufrduuurur,ao

nrc rniou$asfl'rch?uu risunfinrrl#uunrar uavflofrsnarun9oulunr:rlfiri6 flanrrflnsr

nud r r r r n rdiir rdun r r flnu'r uas r r o'[dqr r ciin a r ilfl gsru ludruna rrufuavn r :rlfirifi lun r r

1 duunrau, du uo, r nru t nnd.r u', r r', dii, c dun r : frnu r uas r r u 1 dd I

n.a.2sz2 : fir fl?fnrurrurruud (s+) ldf,nurnarrungoulunr:asuisrndnaranftotng

durl:rauf,nuritd t frrr,rfnqifuri neirudaodrqdruru 336 nu lnsfiortsrlo?rrun$orulu

drune r rf,na rr r {r 1 o r f s wt6'nqn r unvfiorut n r t r 5 oufto I r dn riaun6uavn r: f,nmr iaq

qrlnrairJrvnCIilRlrcrou flanr:dnsrnudr ogdutJrroilflnurfld t f,wrinq?irud frt'hin$orlu

n r:e ou?r r ndnc rsngldo d r rfrrJr cfinf;n',n r du o o r nnd'nqnr uavfiiaqqr.f nrsirJ: cnorllun: c

lJ?l.rn'r r ri sun r raoutri tfiu rflo

n.fl.2531 : rJrvra?g dufiq?rard (5s)'ldfinurnrrrun$orulunr:flslfruo1tqlRxxtr

roril:rvrruf,frnorfroluqruuurnqirlrufrnar: rE n Rnil. neirudrodrr'ilruau :oz nu lnufi

0'r r0r1 nr r run$ou ludruna rru fn: r ru r {r l o luu r n : n r :{lo r dus l sq l n t r il n r : f,nen rlturndon

n r : r dr d arufi o nr sud'r r'r rarc uarn r : h?ne rudarufiocisd r r ro ruan r rdnu rnu'i r $r{no r du lu


39

nr,irlru{na::vurnlnqjdiinir risudsud 300 nfr risu tcfinarrun9stlunrcilsqfiuort

q 1 fi : r il ru r nn d r {rino r f,u lunr,irlr ufrndr 5 lJu I n Ra'l { ua vilil r n r 6 n

il.f,.2s31 , fr'u{find rlugn $asnus (56) ldrirnrrrJrcrfiunarun$sulunr:rJg^rifinlu

gnuu? f ndro qa$ ruiliR l rdr ! 1rolqr lud r r nor'r orrnulns - fiuqrr naildao d r uddoo't 6 ruau

s38 nu ilrcnoildau rdrurhdornl:{n0'rllla{uru aoriioutrio drrin{luct1D1toqcr{a

g luqiltu orerefn: rrnvfrrlrquru nnnr:flnuraqrl'lddlfi

I . nartf, nr:fu$eioeoluR'ttoi uacreluuifnd c,ol r ffrfl#ldo{luto*6d6

2. nr: rcriuudrudoryaddr rflueisnrrrJfrrifinrrunuu?fndluaorunrroiqn tfiurloseorfr

our fs uacdrfin r ludl r r rolqr{a g ruqrruriou{r qd uaclo s l : lfi s rur aplrufr .r hifi

3. nr:rlfrrifinrrcfioriouuavndrruqnrroitsqlrqtorlraqluufirfiund.r eirurlo'laorfi

our fuunsdrrin{ 1ilqilntilqilrufirlsond r ndI

4. anrrvriquacdrdrlo{ssrdrurirdarn'tr"q"rfululrlnslu'taqiltu aorfiourrio

uacdrfinq luqxnlnqilsil o{ lur vduql

s. oarruf, nrrfuf oerru6n rfiucioaorunrrei $acaisttFruuifndfiurrnravtiquncdrfrl

lo11or r $rrnlrdlr {flCI 1il1aqilsu fina'ruduriuf,fiuco,udtt5tifiq ru uri'hidrufr'uffiurc6'!nr rfln

ur siruuriq uasilrceunr:gi{os r Srrnlrd

6 . qilsu!rounuiinarunlorudruln:qa9rl tiquavrir6'.rlodndrdrulnrte9rqnro

R'rn r crugfio rravnrrrufl rdotanrnnr:oi

1.f,.2s31 : u'rlre drqoin (s7\'ldfrrnrrflnuroarungorulunrrdourlrctrn:flnur

rorngdrr?0nrs r?glstounululrq risudsfinnolriqtrnr:drt?1n5c t?slslt,unu ncildr

odrsfruru 316 nu Inofiorr$ln?r!il9olludrunrrruf, ronnfi unvfaqq:ln:sinr:esu

Han r cflnu rnud r ngd r: r on r c r ?arc'r o unufinr rungouql drunr r lftrac t onn6 ueifine r u

r$o ruri r lud r u{eqqrln :sin r r eoui r r rJ r st r n r dnu r

fl.fl.2534 : audn6" Qncrrl?r (58)'ldflnuroarrun9siltosil:crrsulunrrorlfnd

nfirurnrrir 1f,nur rnnrcn:dfiruia#ourn nrirudaodrs rflufiafifirnfrriou'flruru 408 nu

Iqgfis'rrar'rq?rungouludrunarrf,uavnrrrrynfiurdurfiunr:orlindvrfnu'tortf't nanrrfrnur

nudr fanrirnfrriouiinrrtn$ouludrunrrruf, r onnfi$acne ruqnrf,u t 6oafiunr: orlfnri


40

nYrrurnrrfro{lurvduEr iloi'odfinrndoronnfiuavnarr6nr{uq fiorsdunrrfinur uasnrr r{rev4@irlJR 1t OUtllOUf RuvrslIg',t ntil1

n.f,.2534 : rfinr r^:vqa (59) 'lddnurnarrun9ouror srcrtr. /ocfil. lunrtdr rfiu

6qnrrurJrcsrnrdnsr 1frnur rqyrrcn:df,ruinrouuriu nrjrudaodrr,firuau 3s4 nu Inufi

s 1 rs1 n? 1 un$sr ludruna r ru f, r do silr ssr nrflnur r onnfidruilrcrr n: dnsr n r:fnyrulu

nrrrlrfionrrru nrrtfiurau:ar?rn:ruridoryauasdrunrril:ceru{ru flnnr:flnsrnudr

Frdd . i odil . riaulnqifi n a r ur9sru ludr ud r r 1 r fiu$o u n c s o sri r .r flriud r 6'q

n.n.2s34 : {?:rd :onrlrrro (601 ldf,nsrnarilvrgsruuacitrfroddrufiudflunerrngorulu

nr rrlfrrifis rurdsflorriuuasn?ilqillrn r ondror r drurlrde 'r D'rrcuq$rcdudrua J finur rBnlc

n:diruinrrrr;6 nrjrufi'aodrq,flruau 358 nu Insf,s1ril1n?rrun9oruludrun?lilfrdsrIro

rond nrufrdu.uv,r'tonrlrd ronnfieiounurvrurirdu'acnr:dnflulodoarlfrriEnrrunrird na

n r r flournrd r r {rurlrdar r'r roqil5 sdud rrariauh,rqifinr ruwgorlunr rrlfirifir ru rdoflsr fiu

ruavnauqruIrn rond ( $ouac 59.8 - s - A- - lq)$nsl$ooridufiillriilnr rru$drulnlrnmdrd 6o rnd

6ona rr rriofiqlonrard0.rcisnr r r fluIrn r ondilac

narrf rdorriul:n rond il06'uddrf,ud6'unr:dn?ulrdorrlg^rifinruunurnrd'rd fiu nr'ru,du

ilo fr gddilfiuf, tiu r o n nGcisunil r nildr d

lun an r rrlfirifi r ru r dsfls q dul : n r ssd ua cfl r fr odd r dqrion r rrJr c r fiun a r ungoufl o q nu r o r lu

R1flr?u 6onrtiu{rirlar: rdurfiillse ron6i uavnaruf rdoafiulrn rond

il,n.2s3s : f,?acril a8caqri (61) 'ldfinurilofisdfiHoeionarungsulunr:rlfrrifirlun?u

quua afl o r fiul r nn r r rudul afinq{no { r dr rmlrder r r raq{d r iln fr wrfnqn: :ruq3 nrirudr o ti r r,fl r

r.r?u 320 nu lnsfio'rrflln?rrun$oruludrunarrf,rdorlrnnrrrdulafingr nr:f,uilil1yrudrd

uasfrsunficiounurnrdrd ouor:dnsrfludr rdrrrhddrrrssqrdruatiaulrqi(9sunc 66.56)

finarrn$oulunr:rlfrrifitru'r durl:snoudrs narrfrdorlrn unurmrnhd uacfinunficiouyl

urnnrhdlurcduilrunarr ucitrnnerruf rdo.rIrnnrrudulafinqrlurcuc rirurn iloffodfi

na rrrdrurf,uf,fiin'l rrun$orlun r rrlfi:ifir ru"r'lduri lrfinr rdnurqrqnr vduilu lur a r nnfin flo'l

u'rd rqfi1sn'rduasRr rfiIonra'ldiuciraa'r rr duu Irona rrdulafinqr

fl.f, .2535 : rfiqur r^tgfr'ud tozl ldflnsrnaruugsrrolnglun'rrdouRAnilrudlueodor

lulr r ri uufir urdnur ooudu n{16'aotl r o d ru:u 2 8 s fll-r leufir'r rarl ar r ln$orutudruna rrf


4L

ronnfi uasilicdunrrof nanrrifrofiild1 ogfraou?rrnrrorlfndnfnsrnrtr:urrGuosfiruzn9'dgrdodYrqqt4a6lf,ol finr rl f r fi or fiungnu r ufrr ur ndoro{ lur vdurl runa r r fi r onn6lun r reoungnu r odr

ueodoulunânr lrlanuacdaulilqihifiqarlwûacilrsaunr:nfitr {nqil!'r sdrurndouru rrisu

il.n.2s3s : auf,nd d{R1 (or)'ldflnsrnrrun$ourornglunrrl#r{rrlfnnt,,urut.rdu,

dllrarondlflnsrnrdnguucuu?uaengfiorurnlulrsrioufiruilf,nsrr$nnE{rniluilrunr nrir

daorirr6ruau 2t2 au lnuf;'n'rifl1n?rrun9orludruneTuf frauao' uavnqa^nrrunrrl#rir

rJ€nur uuyuurdf; utJr sar d Han r c dnsrnud r n guuuulr?rnsn gno lul ncieutrnqjfi nt r uf t fi u a

fi'ul r n r anei iia a ruf, r d u a f,un r r ldr{ rrJinu'r uilc$u? lu: sdurJruna r s fifrrunfidonr r h?ri r

rJf nu'r uucuua r d sa fiuI:n r ondlufisn r rua n uaviinqfinr riln 1: 1dd rrJf nu r ulrvrru?dffutJt te rdoqjlurvf,uq.r

AAil.n.2536 : flf,f,{1 udrurufi ( e+) ldflnuritof,gdfrnarudilr{uffiunarrun$srlunt:florfiu

uachr'rildr l odrarlg^rinêiofrfin r dolrn r ondrorfn ri surTrordnu'rnou

rJnrulurrorfioqr{muruac6'r rRoriloosd'rufnrarli nriud'aodrrdruau 387 nu Inufitrrorr

oarungouludrufr'nunfi nr:fufdrn?ruqilurq uaslonrardurs{snrr rflul:n rond rJ:seu

nrrairdorfrufrfiardelrnrsnd unvurrrTngrurf,rdnidoto.rnrirdrr6r nnnrrflnurnudrrin

r E ouddnu r dr tiru haj r flu r nau{s iina rrungoulunr rfloqfiun r r6n rdouavfufla'rnr rrqu

ur {euo.q I: n lur rdrgr udfirisunfiunvur rring ru r f,s dnidoto r nrjrudr q 6r sisn'r rrlfrrifidofrfin

r do I r n r ondlufisn r rnlrissru:-u

sru?ffsludrsil:s rnn

rr.f,.rsl4 : r cud (Henry) (6s) ldrirnr:flnurnerunlouilo{nglulrr 16ourituudnur

rdsaf,urdoqrJ:crrnrdnur Inoflnurilo6'onerlf uncvisunfirduaftrilrsrrnrflnuuuiu.du

dsuuueoloru}Jffragdruau 1,000 au daouirrdrnruaranf ndnsranf $asinu :rtan{.

r:rrlrrn^ nudrag6lu?u 523 nu fifraunn^ddcioirril:crrnrf,nur ucifinarlfvrrril:csrnr

.aiscnlrnnIto ttnrond

flnurhilrnrin

ilroilflRU'l

ri au 1 nqj r {iud: u d n a : t c fi ?^ r r il : c t r n r d nu r r flud a ur,rdl t o .t md'n gn : 1 u r c du

s'rRR'rrflnur roRdrruac{ru?6'or{r.rtdrsdu uasuuafinqlsrrindniyrurdqnil rinnr:dnur

rrru r r o6rqrJldi r ilo f,odscfinadoae r rur$sruro rr;nnnlu r do r 1nrfin r u o cilr snoudao 3


42

sqqt4ilonCI rilq1 no

r. n?rug n?1ilt{rlolu,fuurft r

2 . fr'aunfirorqnnado rderdtnrirr

3 . uvrurnnrirduarnrriuflodv{a

uu?nq r 0g?Rt ilflunglt

fi'nunf, ( At t i tude ) r,rio tonn6 fidl#ne1ufiu'tsl{ilaruil:cnr:dtfi

qfis ftiqlor (66) nrirrdr fiqunfifionr?sro,i6n1rufso15il0f dqr,guldotfirl6'niurdo

ea runr raf eiorlnnariodundufi. l n lnundo u tiln'r iluuiln? rl r n o8udquldfitn r r ourilil r $ci

risu riaunfihildrfinduro{rer'mf rrrurrfi ucirfindulufiolttotaur6'tt'tndqoriuauurur rflu

r ?a'ruruiloduo?r mior;nnarfuldflurJrcailnr raida0da t os

rBafind lerarfru{ rcl) nriradr ronn6 uilrods natufdntouqooudfidudtcir{tdurflu

rru,fr*uur,01Rn'rrrSoufuaa:Jrsarnrrofriludanrv{uh?qnoauantnqfinrtu ufotruah?udog

ooueuosciudu r $'rrfurhJtufianrslnnrqildt ort rfluhlluvrrlariuaquniofindrufild

qur ffun{rol (4s) ldldna'tilr4il'tucrsrfiaunfidr uuru6.r narrfdn rirfitalr;nnudfiuiu

qnna fnqdrto wn6oeq run r ralci r c t rflu'trJlurfi ruosfitils l onie'hifitns 1 s r fiudauilis'ld

rfiudao6ld

!1 qf,nrn (68) nriradr fiauno'rflunrrurngoudocnsuaussdoqana dunuu ruqnr:ai

risuofi rflunlru{flnvrr r o r ruai r fluhlldrisnt rdunsnr s ldd risunBlrilddudAo r nq rfiu'td

I rh I aunol od{il tno lRTrqnRlllJ $nsR'ltunsl

rno{alsru ( Thurstone ) (69) ldldnarilfiuludr rYgunfi ,fluotur'rudlulntollqud

rdurfiunarufldn nrrrfrnrfiu narrnda eiourrdsurrsrir{ Rltudn{oondrur{rqn tdu

narrfinrfiudsfirfludqqd'nuoinrrriaunfi uaserrr:oinnarr6nr#utsutgooudfltiudqr$rcirlt

uuud ( aoo, ) (zo) ldh?narrnrursdr ricunfinurudrnrrrldrr6ordfiil6'n?ornouauot

ciods r grdd rnunl# hjlunr qdsoulrf ahisou

s q drj: s nouto srinunfi

Itrryuruo*n rravlajuaud (Rosenberg and rrovland)(71)'[durirordrjtsRolJl!o{

fiqunfioonrflu r ilrgnr: dsff


43

l. strirjrunoudruafiilqqr ( cognitie component ) rfluorr{:Jrrnourdu,

fiu nrruf o.'tutdu nfouuafinsisdrlsfisilduduu,o rfluldr{qduacldd rrnqannfinrrr{

( Affective component ) rflusldrJrc

rriu In:r rn6un in uou r{ludu nrnd-- -e--q.-.-ed<' a 4 J ,, oR0c r Rnilf,ilnnnnnoqnna?rtoct{llu tln6l r fia

9.

qnanuuluu r otl

n'tsurtn{oonilo{lUUdlunrrrJfrrSfidsa*rlna"qr,rdq ocrdoa{olfiunarru6nnartf,dn rnaorirh.l{

n t : rJ g'rin^ n[ d d.r n o o r a q rl n ? 1 u dufiil f, r s q S'su n 6 du n r : rJ fr'rio^ 1 d6' { ff

- I d rada, n?'tlJiltol|n0glaun . IAOA' R'l tuailgl

to action) (Overt behavior)

adlR?1!nn?tton? 1u tto

(Idea or Belief)t

I

I

I

I

gnnrv{ud? on? rilf,dn

oltilof (Af fec t i on)

(Intention

1

I

os rftJr vnoudul r'| nn'r u lildarlnno durandoru ua;du1

stRn?M'tutudlnrir? o'loeqrllddr ricunfirfluururrrrdrfino'tRR1r r?ouf iliorJrcau

n r rniluf,?nta {qnnnuns r flu r nds sr{ r nunilgo^Rr ru do r"uueus s lun r:dc ccouriofiroucis

qnoa inq doruR'r:ai niour?nrcfrrnarlnnrfiucil{1 frf,unn'rfludrdldarrurrnfnldlnsarq

ueiar rlr r adr q 6 q ldo r nnqfi nr rrl iliont r noufluo {ltu.quoutiu"l ( z 3 )

nfonrrrurtao'irdrlnd firinocii?isunfiddcisdrrfu lunr{nr{{1rlilrnfinaruf,uionrrurf,sur| | ,{ J r ,a a de ab ra r A .7

"rROU?'tfl.tUll tl|n n0sullf,ilnn tlnnod{tililn?o

2. ordrJ:cnoudrurirfiaerrfldn

Rollyr'r rdrunrrufdo d.rfiorrmirdoadoqdau

Unn afin? 1 u fdn gnlr$aroilfl oi{oqnnofl iods t n

nr r u{dn I un r {r n r r {r u fi o v rie ld r fi nfrnunfidhifidoqnnarrnsdurfuda u

3. osriilrrnoudrunqfin:ru ( Behavior component ) rfluotrirj:cnou,dtra

fiunqfinrtililo{qnna ilurufi{'-aeruftlur6urdqnnaoruanrnqfi'nr:unsuldodrwrdrodrrln

ooRul nq6nrrudueruuuor,tfurfinornnaruf narrufdnfirnriicio fnq aorunt:ai nio

?1Rn?'tulruludrll ortnrirr'ldir rfi'eunfirfludnuerciorneruHgorurol6nlrd*'tdqlu


44

nfronr:flofi'qunfi (zz)

nrrfnr{aunfifind'nnrldurdu r rjrsnr: 6o

rucido.r dnu r 6 s : s frun r r u r nrlo u n$ o n a r u r {u$ o s rrysun Brfur da u

4 - r{aunfrd{nld rflurfisrriaurdslorrTsuofirf.rrrnryirrfu nrirafio risunardo.rln,durmdu

tfu rflunFo rdrfirfqrJrlnuuqunaduan.rsonlfirfiu udlunr rinoc t 6snniu r rirfidgaqqsonqy d & d t1f r r:iu r ilu r fio sil r I rfau r ri rriu

d'armuro q nF o r ?i r ii?il ila r u

nfun r : r iio n n? o r ri r fi d'an.r o o n 1 d r #urfu o "

do s r a's n h? r flu

dquuu,,au rson 1#r fiu riu6o {onr rufnfr'sunfida$r r

I . ,dun, (cont ent ) nrrfnriauno'do'rfi6ir r $r'hJnrv{uh?uanrnFur?irfi dq r Srld'ri ,du

nrddssnrrfn rriu doqnrrfnrisunficisnrrn'nf;ulr rdsafrufiinnrounf?flo{qnna ,dunrluddd u au., un r :srn r : dnfiu 1 r r d u e fiuf, tn $ o c n a r uf,rur{udl un r srn ia2. fianrs (Di rect ion) nrrfnricunc'lnsdaldnciifi'enrq rflurdunrI$nsciordsIludnu$a

uanrioal nrir16o titorn rdudaustir.16{ rasann?rrrfudaua{'lil,dou1 tudlnrrufdnla01 'hirfiudau uac'ldrfiudauotirrEr dnsorsnrr r#udaor?shirfiudao rrogjlurdu'rst6safiuuassie rdorfru

3 . nrrur{udu( Intens i ty) nisr?irfi ufonarufdnduan.rssniodr rSr firJBurEUrnrls'

uclneir I fiu drfin a r l r {uqs'hid r o c rflu'lrJlufioyr r { l ndn ril ocfinr r rufdnrf on?o rririiquu: rur nndldfiut ru r {r rflunn r r

{onnol rdorfiuluntrfofinunfi (Assumpt ion) (72)

I . nrrdnurfrsunfirflunrrfrnurnrrun^nrfiu orrrfdntouqnoudfi,fi'Russn{ rdunrar nios ti r r rlo o r flun z r un'n r fiu n a r u f,dnd r s hi r rjd ouurjn r lu:ia r r a a., ndr

2. freunfirfludsdldarrur:ofnufodunn'ldlaonr{ R1rfnfiaun66r rfiunrrienrsdoilornmua ldrdrlnna s c udn { oofl m6orl: anq6rlq'ri6o ti r { iir g r ilouuunu run u d hi I dnq6nr r ru

lnun: rrorrlr1rud

3 . n r r dns rfraunfitosqnoutfu hilri r flun r rflnu r uci r snr cfianr rrs.r risunfir;nna r rirriu

dor n:ounqrurJrv r fiufrsunfiddos n r: inrl'wrun


45

unutn ( note ;ulllJ lvl r fluuuafinddr f,qluitrdtnrua^no r r rquu?nu r imur::nuac6niilo r d r d runu rn(Ro I e I 1dfif,l#n?'ru?ru'r oludnuEcgir qrfrudrd

gtr duni roil rravqtr.rri frun{rsu (4s1 of;urunr'rtl?ru'rsto{runurndt fiaa.rur4lr0

1ndrfiosfiiaotunturutn ililil1nrfludldrlnnnlueorunrneir.r1f;rnrvrir 6ordodqn'drrunfinr'uacildldlt aorunrnlnud, quourfrrosdosrJrsnqfirlfirifinrunrirddr{ruun'l{

qfrn:r q$1n (73) rindqnuinsrldnriradrunrrndrnurun'r nrrrl0'rifinrudvrf;unsildrd

cro{rrolunrn(riruudr ) rriu fiCruudr r{lur{ounlryr6do{,6ouqo drumrirnguvrlrnfifisei'r

aousurlrintiuu rfludu uvtu'tvtocliaol#qnnafinqfinrrlod rcfirj:yfininrn uasil1u.rRis

r flufrarirnunna rufufinroilflo{r q rudr u1dilg'tifi

rJnrfi fifiiorur (t +'y 1dfio r rulllytutyt rflueosna.tufiu.t s

tlg.!f?'lau (social structure) UilU.lfl0cfilfodg

urs 6o drf;orrsrrludruln:raiir

rfi r urnisvrr sdrnudfido riuncir r1 6n

n?'l llltu l utluost'lu r udl ff I ttlfln.lu?turnuion r: n r crl r g{odu r flun r rilcilsdtar: dnr rds n,,

(soci aI interact ion) unurnosrflunarisrdouornnrrnrsrlrotirqfiuuuunulnodlilR.t,

r5 uufrr rioud r luaorunrnlnna:rJ:cilq6rlg'ri6 r riuln

tlcou ucurni (zs)of;ur0n?tutflllotorunurndr rlilu'mrflunrrrlfrrifiurhd n5onrr

rtdn{ooRnrl|narufin narunlnnfl rdooqinroldaorunrrainr.rf,tnuotir.rlnod',undu lau6o

torgruvniornrirdvrrldtnutst rtr rfluryagru uacdsn6irrfi.rilcgrr rdsafiuilyturndr rfincrn

el'r rfiQ S ilrsnTr6o

I . {eelunlrn (Rol e impa i rment ) ur?tcdrilununurnol{odr.rforou gei{

tl?uuYllJlYl{dndrrflunrr0rnitrurn risuunn?1ua'turrndocdtn'tilunu.tytso{nu

2. aerlduauluunurn (RoIe confus ion) lun:dfifraalunurnfinrruflgsil uci

dr nur{'ruunuyru ryrl d'hifrn r su

qnd r orueta{lmu'nnod r s'l: r :iu

ri oiin a r,dn * fi r r snd r r unu r n r{ r 1 d$er uuvru r vrdnfiu t o'hi

3. Rltactfinuvlurn (Role violation) milrads quuadlritlfrrin'n.rruurrurvr

lro{gluto{l fidrlflrifiuonlluutt?tu rriu flqurollqlRrrrl nrsflrorran6n Iarnd otaq rlnna

tduu rduafiunarlfR uncnr: r 6onqin:o.r


46

rncirfiovrlfrrifiuvrurncinfruur:ringrutoldrou dsoyRal0rflu{a$rrilqurdrnuciolrJ

6ufiu (rinton)(76) rinruquoinurTdl#uuafinlurdetnqufilniltn (Role Theory)drnrr

dt;ouuotarrur:orlfrrin^tr?rdnrulnlrndgndruunldfimiohi dufi'uoqdrJrcns:r6'rd@qoi- aRg8ts tslt1sflo{3I{nil ?tsolto{Eiluiluu

- {rourrrru il:crild uncnarrudornrrrsrdrnrudrdsadsq

- r{nannlfl uasn?rrdr rfluqror rdrroruynll?l

ffans{n (Al tpor t ) (77) ldhfluuafin rdoafiun'rr$dn{ilynlrnro{qnnadrdufiuilofru

4 otitq noo

l. fl?'lufl'lnfl{ttuu,rurvr ( Role expectat ion ) r{luunlrndaorriu sqri

Rtt uasn{tdlnl nrnmirl#rlnnarlfrrin'nrrud'vrf; rnird dqnouriuoro{dlurniloqi

2 - nrrfuflunurn ( not e concept ) mtroo'r qnnaocilss rfiuunllytf,'tu

nr:f,u{ uasn?rudoqnrttCI{ rr'r ro'q drorduoqifrudnuarsdugrudaurgnna rflrmrurolufi?n

ruacrirfiuiltutqnnudd?il1ilu1nrfu d.rordoreonndosfiilunurndu,'rudduorunrnmfr1{deu

3 u nrrssrufuunutn ( Role acceptance ; drurnrrnurndldflurirl#rfinEra

r fi sur uuf o r fl orlr v l scd In s r sfl r cdr rinudr frune r udor n r r ri rfioruru urlouurfu frn r o,r rfi r

unrir fio cxg r s r!fi6n rdu uuru'rnrfu

4. nrrr.ffirifinrilil?tu'ttt (Ro I e performance) tiluunurvrdr{rreqeo'tun1n

utrnlt?l(actual role) dlutor{funrrudo{ilnilttr'ruddoounrnnfq uisnrtnrrfufgnr

nrnuiltolnutorfinru nrrdqnnaovrlg^riFnruuyrurvr'ld6rfiurlrr.fu fiduu{fiurr6'unrrooruiuI.icrr9,evllYlll'lililulllotlqnnannro{n'ttltnt{l ?10sdonnno.rtRlJlJytu"tytgl'liln?'tiln1nila{xo{d{niluasR'tt

fufunr rvrro qou r o r rfiu s 1n

frrr ( Lum ) (za1 nriradrunrrnrflunrirddqnnnfirnrcdr rdsrrirnrolnrosdrunrirlnrfir

rrnr.i.rndq dut.utfonrirdnrrupilur.rl.i{ uasorun?rrnrnuirlnorduafiufiuqnna $ncRrsRrs. J3 e erfirriufruf,iu::frngrurosdtnru ( norms )dau

ileiluas rsadfin ( Broom and Se I zni ck ) (7g) ldncirrdruvruryrir rjtsnoudrodns$g

: rjr sn r :60

l. 1l1l1l'lmn1ilqarun6rJfod.rd#snudrmun'[{(fne social prescribed or


47

ideal rol e ) rflulvrurnluqnrunfi frqfinr:r{rrunf,ni uasnfirdldnrrur{runrirnrrdrau

z . t.tilrl1ndn?:nrcfir ( The pe rce i ved ro t e ) r{luumurndur{a;qnnalurfir

urnil rdodraetn:crl.r duurshin:sfiuunurnluqarnfi riso'rounnd'rsfiuluudavrlnna

3. onolodntcf rri.r ( The performed role ) rfluururndqnnaldnrcfirt-f-a^ -4-d^^--!-o--^^^-- 4- e s

', | 3 ,elll0t{l !r{r,ilogRltn?1utuo n?'rrn'toila{ uacRlrtuflflo{udnsqnna naonoutuo{du

ur q nnduuav Ian raluuciasd.l nil lur y u y , ru rriul uncfil r euo'lr1nfinn rnfilil: ceun r :oiro I, JY

unocunRauun? CI

nai r e l n s e q rl uvru r nru r 0 6 s nrh ddqn n aff r n c cfi r r ruio r d r i r r q d r unri r l n rfi r uuri.r rnt.r

duttutfunrrrJflrifinrumrhddqndruunnrrnrriufroleruro{ uacnrilfl?ruorsrilrardrau

nr:Yuf,gnurn ( Role perceptton )

dilaf, urinr? rocrydd lurnu 1to; nrir:6.rnr:frfunurnto{qnnadr rlnnadrlfi'utioru

rdtlonfofufunurneirstiu nrr:-uf,otirrgndo.rluurruryrtisuiinocionrrfirJrcfiilt^nrrwoso{r{

R1t nrsluorrfnrrlns.rriortndu srtfinr:fufdunndr.rdu drnilunutnrfioafiu qnnuld

a r u r : oiufuvrlrvr'ld r flusd r .rdfi t var ru r r oiufna r u6n r fiunudutddda u lunr q n r r fiu{r udr

qanalnhiarurrorierurnrrfuiunurilld ocrinnarusrnrirurnlunrrrrJdouurJuuonurnrful

no{rns{ uacao{tao{ ( Lyman w.Porter and Edward E.Lawler ) (81) ldnriradr

nrrfufuvrulntsrfluilofludfi6nf;nncionrrrlfrrifirru uacl#n?l!fiu10ro{rR'rrfufunurndr 6o

ru?vtlldqnnal#n?1ulm't0{luto{r r{rrl:crnnrsrrirdrnarilflrr'turrdrrr rdodre cfinrrudr

f,qe{onr:rlfr:ifiuufifirhcfrninrn uncfrr1dlddoreuouuydr drnrnnr:iufuvrurnhigndor

uda nntsrnrrrJfrrifi{ril!crrirfiuqud drur?drnxrldlil'rro$asurtg.rloo1ilu:rdlgrfinru

nrud rasRotc ( Kahn ,€t al. ) (82) nriral{ir nrrirf,lnurnlnootrinrcdrfluyt I { R 1 r d r uuritmitdd r ilun r {r R'r r ro {qnna lnrlnnnndr fidsunurnd: vql5ln ooq r{n r r-----.---r--.'.."- .4-.--'.----'--,"-_----!-- -y dq st A A .t rq . e C q eu'l?llilalil$31no?flllRiln1uilil{lrlrlilln?rulytltu{ iln1l|trunnatnunna?ril{lnursnry uncd.l

nciredlnr:fuf rdoafiuunurvrlnorlnnadr qunudfrrfiturnrisndrdodrs rflunrqnrrrfu6iudorfi

Enf;nasion r: fufrf ona r ru t dr 1c luunu ril"uo , rlrf, fidogfindr unsg rucn'r rdr nurorqnna

rfudq o "fiflan

c snueioi rfiur,racrieunfiro.rquuurfudr u

ornuuafinrduef,uunu'rnracRrrfufunurn aqrllddr rrnilln6onrrrlfiffinrunrlrdroqdr


48

firJrcfrnf;nrfl

oaoeil't (s+;

$flr.isfinurosdrtroqi nrrrlfrrifirLnulnocflrcr4rtd6 ciaur,rdsdufiunarrusrrr:alunr:fufuvr^.-^--i-. 4-dsa--o -.- - - e. s 4 aurnfu dlfriidvrtnacionr:f,lf,tvrurvr iroqrunas glr.rcyrlsdrnu rif,unn^ Gra{ Unnadgflneirsfiu

dsrufinr r f,ufuav r dr 1 ounrrnunnd r r fru

sldn:osrlrrqdlnrlildlt$onrurilrrurs'ldrrnr?oorfiorlnfinru tioruduo{fiunar1darufisdau

locro.tfrrlfirifitru ntrldnarrudaufiolunrrrlrnuotirraruruclilddu ocrirrfindudsrdof,u?-

nrrotdn: tdrls6{narrudstnrrrorulud uasdlu'rrorf,snldi6nrrgrloldrfinnrrruriulo

unsrfinnarru$dndovqfinnurCorru'ldodr.rgndos(sg) drnrrgrlrdfinarionrrrlfl^r1fi,sruro{

r;nnaluoldnrrfluodr{rl'tR nrrosdnfiudrflrinrrfiqornrnrfiorlnrfu dufiudrif,iirrrl#finngtlold{ld'ritduriqtrrirrru'ldodrrfrrhc?n!'arflrfiur1o nrrg{lonurdoldrfirqruodrr

6 r r flu r d u u drrn 5r 1 R r r u a crrnrJfirifi r d o a fi'un r r uin r r luo q do : hln a r raul r

o7 iu y.r - o r r. da d - In'sfrlciirinTtrnrruaruriruldl#nr'rilr4u'roila{urrgrlolunrrrlfirificrutldrfi

ra?rufrnfi inrarnrai (8j) ldnriradr

urlgrlo (Mot ivat ion) unsn?tuaftrutso

o J c t

nr:dr { luro{ur{Hrf,fruriufrrd rriqao rrl: sn 1r n'o

(Ability)

rilsn urinrr (86) nciraa'sflofiodfi6vr?nacionrrrlfirifitluro{qnnadrrf:snoudas

t.flofludruanrunrraf (si tuat ion

qrln:oi "ra"r

f ac t o rs ) 'ldudanrnuandornr n{r r ru

z.nt:iufilnu'tyt (Role percept ion)

3.n?'tild'turrouasvinuy (Abil i ty and ski I ls)4.Rtgu?llnr:gtlo (The mot ivat ion process)

sunsd rnurutluf (azy ldnrirrdr Sf,nrrdrinu?nrrocnaru6nlo{dau{rurfiol#rlfrryfi

nrrcfit{ssolrinru::qfnqrlrrarri druna'rur'rrdurFuu$oudufiilnr0?f; usidldiunaruaulo

uacfiuuundorf,ururniiudr 6o nrr raira$r ltiquavnrrgrlortfrs ffufia{d (88) ldnriradq nrrrir.rluflCI{qnnndrf,uFnrr,ilr rfludoqfinrrgrloldqnoaluolrinrrrjrrndrd'rn'rrrudlil1rolunrrr.lfr:ifirru r$ioh?rfioHadr r$onrrinqrj:gasd

totsrrinrrdldd{1{ tntrv{rue{rr1lua'ruer'rl,o{nurlfirifirrutsnhirflud'sdraulo dr8'rrflu


49

duir rdo '[rrr 6'rriunrrg{lonudilfirio^rrudr rfludrdf,u;nrrdorn:crir rCorstdudlrrilEur

{rtdu uactflrilil'tttto{Rrrgtlodorrr?uh?nr:drrruso.rnurJfrrifirrufirhsfivrf;nrnqrqnrrir

docdr 1d

arfis{(steer)drslu nrd fiffiqnr(gq)ldreuodr nrrrlq'rin'rludfir,outlnnaocdrcnoudas

iltfro t ilrcnrr 6s n?rurrlurro dnussrcflrcda ilacn'rruaulo$orquuu dut1u s flsSs

d: arufiu rflu r ndo rri'rfiundur rousilorrqnna

uoflo 1 0 rr{raros{?n rao{arus{n ( Frederick Herzberge ) f,'rrtnrror:drimrir

univers i ty) rJrcnrnisrininorurisrurrinorduraerno$u E re?r,l (wes tern Reserve

rnnanfgotruinrtsolldfinduvrqufinr:grlolunrrriru'tu durfluduoruiuodr.rn{rqrarrluaq

nrruirrr rr'rldn'lr{r'r0.r1unaR1r66'urfor "R'lrg{lolunrrrir.r'ru,, (The motivation

to work) ooRU't rruoundluit n.f,.19s9 f;onqufiroq rssfe rusfn fidorisnunnsirsfiuosn

hJ 6e "Mot ivat ion-maintenance theory" fiio nDual factor theory,, fifo oThe

mot ivat ion Hygiene theoryn s'tRflan1:frnur ttrldud.rflofrodfinraeionrrrlrsrurflu z

iltctnn n'o flrfruurlg.r10 (Mot ivat ion factors) uacilofrudrqu (Hygiene factors)iloffau:{gslo ( Motivator factors ) rflufloo-odrdurdorfiurruuasnrrrdrrSo

tslqrulnunst 0srflu6irair{rtrrg{rlouac$rhirinnrrlnololusrudd'r rfifi.rrfluti'.rnquo e q 9 lo I . trird'rlriruqudrlrlrunrinfiu rJrcnoudasilrfrorioo e rlrsnrr drfi

I . na rrdr r 3 oqas {'ru (Ach i evemen t ) ilu -r sn's nr rdr;onoa.,u r : orf, r.r ru'ld r a$ oduuu,

,lJ

rJ:saunadrr$o n?'rlrd'rurrotunrrufiilqnrrirrl nrefflnflorfiuilqnrdo;rfindu uacn.rt

,ra" udurnds iis lnddr nn h?r fiuna { rilro{ nu

2. nr:ldfunrtuour-ilfuds (Recogni t ion) ulroa'r n.r:'ldfunrrusuiuriude hidr

orn{ri.r6'uriqrr nriuCou qnnnlundeurru rioqnnndulnu*rlil duo',,osuf,udortr;oqj

lugrJn r r s n do rril r sr, ?rioo sru iuluna r lf,na ludru.r r o

r . lonra#rau#t (Advancemen t ) urt udc nr : rrlduuurja{dolustfisrfl rurnrircrotqnnalu

o.rdnr Inu tdfun r l duuuiu r douri rurrjr ldqrdu

4 . nartiufinrorl (Respons ibi I i ty) ntrodr nerilfiqnolodrfin

nilr slfiiilfinEoils ruluril uaciiri rur olunr : f,ufinrous ruorir l r dud

atut 'rflR'r r'ldfuuou


50

5. R1t#ffurnuto.t (Growth) rrurudq nrsdueiasr;nnnluolrintfilonrald,r{irupnarruf

n? 1 udlrr l ro nr rru.f rurqlnril tr?fitlnu r o{

6. frnsilstsq.rrufir{r (work i tser f ) flilrudr narufdnddmfo|1i6ve.rqnnadfrriodnsE,

r du o t t tilut'tudt4't d r r s s ruddu su r#snlr lGr'u.r l ro r snr n du o u rud.i r ouf, o

( Hyg i ene or Maintenance

Factors r fl uil o fr o dariuarlu h?flr.|6'rifi no l o d n sd r q', uri*r il o f, s r ?rsi r dhirr r u r r o a $ r q

ttt{rg'{lold drhififlo6'urncirdocfrhlqinarrhinolo ucidrfififildriaoldr;nnadrrrufrdunfs

ilfrutrrnildu ilt6'sdrfludadrmunrirfirorqnnadfrsiondaou',ud,"rfrr rhcnsudruflofrsdou z

illcRt: ooo

1. tQurdsuuasnirnsuuyru ( satary and compensat ion I mrurods 6rirrurroldrlr s'il r rf o : r tl'l dfi r qud r flunan oiluyruo r nn r nfi r {r 11.lro { qnna luuria u s ru

z. drurrilnrrqru ( status ) nil1sdl orf,nrfnrfludootiursqdrnru frrfior6uac

ilflRnf,:

3. uluurouasnr:uFfirrqru ( company policy and administration )

rrurufiI nrtflnnrtuacR1ru?rnr:sruro{ordn: funoouluu1stsrorr{nrocdos rfludurifn

r nAo ldqnnaC r r fiur r u'l dg ndo r

4. narufunrlu{ru ( Job securi ty ) nrurudr narrufdnrolquoudfioiuu.',r,rtu

n { $ o {r { 1u n? r r 6q 6urs r o r fin n a r rfun r uf s hirTun s {s r o q r{n r

5. nrrruflrurYudriuqnnalurnirslru ( tnterpersonal retat ions ) r.rilruds

nr rfir;nnnarrur rorir.r rudarf,uiina ru rdr lodud u n s n ? r I druriuf dudd o fiudu{rir fruriqu r

(superior) {tdrirdurTqvr (subordinate) uacrdoudarusru (peers)

6. nr:ilnnrosrilriurigvr (supervision-Technical) urursdr narrufnarruer

ur roruo { {rilfilrTqur lun r r rfl r rfiuq ru daoau5onrttq6lrrtlunr:limr:qru orrrrumrurodt

lun r rdocl#r{r uucdrfiisroumrr sna rilfufioroun ?'r rr r 6u 1 rvrio hi r fi u 1 rclo r {rir n'uriqrr

sirrr 1#uriqnllo,r

7. tYRlilnrrfilttu (working condition) mrrudc anrfin1{Rt0nrn ntduri ugt

lJO {.t 1U

urn rfiulil


51

nltrilt tRo'tR'1f, qrlnrair,riorndosn'adrr1 druandu*,u'u1 ,rurfurjiur0lrr1unaoaou,uduq

druruna rrlacnrntunr rCr rfiur ru

ornuuafinunrnqufidndraur or oaqrJtdd r ur{ g{lsururudsnarunu r urrlunrrfngrqnnn l#rlfrrifin rrulnoiid.r g s 1o ,du ,firo, runo 1r 1#6'u{rlfrri6uul#g1duduo cdr 1J{n r rrlflffil rul#firJ:cfrilin rn $t { g { 1o rflufle 6'uddr lt?qooorJfirifir ru r doqnrjrilu.1 sdr1r.ourdu u,uaa s osnlugrlnqfinr rrd"uuauurn rilna rrdo rn.r,1ro{ nu

riciaufr r nrrnuil?uara.rru?ffsfi riisr{o.rffuffrurjr

01nnltYlull?utoRGr'ltuas{ruifrodrd0rdoqfiuoarungorlunrrrlg^rifiIru nudrfifloffud

rduadoruaroflor-s drd

1. tilfl

naruunn'd1{1o{ tnaocritflafr.rnrrfinqfrnrrrudunncir.tfiu rhvnr rfiq q?rr0r (er 1

ndrrl{dr rnarf.rfiuuahludrrjduuuilarrurnndr rr{f,rlu rfudu'ro,duurrrrnfsur:r, rl

n{lrin rflunuroud:sfirJrcus!rurnndrfiur o d.roc r#u'lds'rRRr rdnsrssq rlrv ra}g tfi'ufiq

?ra{d (5s) ddnurnudr rflf,ulouavrnansriinarrun$oilrdsefirrnaruf narlrqirlo uns I

r|lntnlrflssfiuartqtnttuttf,ndrrfiu dreonndoqfiunr:finurcrol qerrd rsnrir r:o (60)

dnudr rflf,fin?rudur{udrf;rnudrnaru{druuvrurnnr.?rd ncira6o tdrnrftdarrrroqrrvdudruadrflutnatru osiinarlfdruunurnmr?rdr?oondrrnansq lunrlrlfiri6r.ru,duo.,rfloqfiu

unsnruqulrnrond uc{nrrflnu'rq,o{ flrnrrar nfirtilnqatifio 's2) nduyrudr rnahifin:rndrrYu#fiunrrrJfrrifitrutotrorerarinrerDlrBlqr lnrlnrrd'rf'riorqu{agrilrrnrssr rir rno

rfiar 6'srinrrrq?

01RflaR'l rdnu'rdlnrirr tnddl0s rflufraurJrdeisfln1#r 6nna rrngoulunr rrJfrrifir ruld2. olql

o r g r fluilo fiurdudti r l#r1nnafina r uunnci r { fiu lu r 3o s na rrn'n r rXuuavnqfinr rr , rju u

ornnulufseirsfiudouiinartdosnr:uondrsfiu nrirqnaadfiorg 20-s0 fl ocfrrdrlnrirldr$rn'ir nrjuqnnadfiorgrfiu s0 flduhj (e3) 0rRR'r:f,nsr{os fiaarr ilBr rf,d (e4)

nu'ir orgfinrrrudlr{uf,dunr:iidaudaillusruourriouriuasrdnrslriorhuuasurirlru Inofin


52

u'llflYl1cnlfififr{uinqrur ueifigrJuuudunnsirrrTu nrir?noo Rlrficieudaulurrusutriuuriuns

rdnc,oturi:1'lu0ctn'uduo',uu'tq 0nr{uorg +s fl dfrriaudaruana{r rf,nrlos riaulunrjrur{oriru

nrrfrrfaud?u0canatnrrudr6'uurqdrdru'rod, uurouirriofirudfiurq rs-24 il ogficfruda,,

lucrusurfouriuocrfinqrqn dqasnndsrriunrrdnsrrornlnr:rc lnsFarriurf, (gs) drudro'r q{o {r r drr.rrhdar rl rilqu luao rfiourrio fi n a r uf,ruf;uf,n r r arfruqsn lil { ruqr r fiu r adr

uandoru druoncir{0'rRfl'rrf;nurrsr arunr o'nf;rncnrd (go) nduiludr orqiinarrudurfiuf,tu

nrtlanriunr:rJ6'ri6truleor?uto.rfrdtuaanr:Irrns'ru'raEUru d.rfiaonodoqriunanrrdnu.l

flo{ narfind r,r.rdarynl (sz) dilud.t olgro{rtrrfnrorrrruassriinarrudufiuf,lunrruan

fiunanr r:Jfrrifir ru r:iufiu

t 'l RnaR'l r dns r ds nrir r aqilldd I o r qrir o a r fludaurJrr,ld.rdfinrncisnr r ungou lun r rrlfirid

{ 1u,uo{ ag ou rfiuI r q"r? uuda o

3. dolunlfidlttfl

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frSrrrsr afi:aqd (e t ) ndunudrdolilnrfldure iinarudlrfluf,lunrrnuriunrrrn$orulunrr

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otirsfirnqnn iinarrurdrlnrduafiudrurnd'orutdgnderurnndrfldfinrrdnurcirndr(roo)


53

uoRt'l Ru r s dilfl r e fr ns r d r t flu r o d u r ri o dao't uc R'l fl t! e I ?t r f;nrfu1 1 uds ourirundq dr u

uoitf.dot dldf,rnrrdnsr rrirfiusroiinalildrur:ounncir{fiu rflrrciiilrsalnrruidunncirsfi'u

(101) ornnr:dnulro{ rarafid lfiGIu (102) nudlrcfrunrrf,nsrtoqngourritllrt16oufi

circfiufinerudrufiuffiuuynr.rnnlrarsderiluuulodrrlun'rrfrnanrtuandoulul:tr€oueirlfiu

dau dsaonadslfiunanrrdnur$o{ dlnE lcnsou ( 103) dnrdr rirrrrhqrudq ta?uqtntn

ryrr . dfl r cdiln r rfnu r unne{ r r fiu o sfi na r ruerru r ro lun r :rlfrrifi r rudruuin r : uncdtuirr n r :

unnsirsriu nhrduafiunrrfnurcroq f,iar:al af;:ard (ot ) finudr rsdunr:f,nurtol r{r

nr?rdar r r:arqrraduri rualufirrfnqnr rur;5 fina rrdrur{'uf,fruna run$orulun r rrlfrrifil'tun?il

qruunvflorriulrnnetudur6ongrlaonu'ir nrrdnurrcduflorttatnnfio/ tqfl'tsR'ta osil

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nrrsurtiuJ:t r€uu

5. ?rr t sn

irr rondrunrrflnurdcirrfiu finarfirh{nrrrlfrrifiqruunndr.tfiuld rnrrcocfiGieurdur{st

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Irr rTuudltifiCug1un'rr?rCIrrlrn ociiunurno{lu:rdlrlrilRn1sd.arrd'tu dtasnadoIfiu

nrrflnsr$or rarafid lfqu ( 102) dwudr irr ronqrorngourrTol:s risuritoufinurlunqr

ryrfirJ?r'runr finrrudufiuf,fruunlrnludrunrroiltrfuusuuardorfiunrrf,nenrrnuandoltul:q

rSou uasnaRtrflnurrol qfio 'lrsuaa (t: ) dnudr flu?r,rrrlrr riuurituuflnuriinaru

r rlud r ngourriu lr r r? ounaroun r :flnu rdrcl rnu ru'rnttasourriu uncoudurstasl r lduri

d1fl1ngflulu1a fl1ulqrfinur er'rrf1r{u'ru'radr[1tsqll d'rtlrttt'til14 uutdulorueirdu tc

rSulddr nrrflnurirrronlal fircdrruahltfinuuafiouacRrrrJfirifilrudunnc{rtfiudro

6. :raldluilo qriu, flugodo', r v r arugfi o r {r rr filmu rmlufi?nto sil: srr vuris lu t fiu s rnssillryt r Qu

nrriiururnlunrrrlruunidfiin narrurflus{ rotnuotirrndnrds.tldld *rfur',0ldrirocfiCopyright by Mahidol University

54

ruacisnrrrun$oulunr:rlfrrifirru rnrrafrfi:ruldqidoufrnerruoriorfrTlunr:rlfrrifiqruurnndr

drrsrfiu'ld01RR'r:frnurilos nrfind eiulnrua (104) dnu'ir glusyrlrrnrugfiofinarudu

r{uf,fiunr rrlflrTfir lugr 1ruilnulnrnirdrrorrianrir ilr uqr r fiur auaaflorf,ulr n rnt. lunr nnciuddAooorfiurrnfro draonndoqfiunanr:flnsrtol qrulo qfirlrvfi'ug (105) dnul.r o'l

ararin:qurJrvnqfidiirrotdrJrunar{ilavq{ ( 3,000 lrndulrj ) erurrordoufiru{qn

qurlrunqn'ldn:uqn rdsu rrnndrore rarin:qrurl:rnqddfir rulddrnir drunnci'rqornnrrfln

u'r1,o{r lfirrrc lor6arriud (gs) nduuudr ilofiu:r0'ldcrosrdrnrlrdarrrrorqtluaorfi

surrTu f,qfifnnc r8r rnrr trifrnarrudrufiuf,fiunr::lfrrin^rrufrsludruJ?uraruauqilR1n{'ru

7 . rcuc r rarfirlfrrits{'ru$aso'rq?run'rr

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n r:oflu.r rulnffn rrutiourir na hirlnnarfuar ru r rnilfiriGr ruldd uci,$ ruailildti', uluu't hild rflu

n6'nrjc cfiud r nudfr r r ruurriilo sfiilr saun r Eoir r nnd'r uudri', t rurls oitnd r r arus'[rJ t{udtnt 't tuciaciuddrrrutioru'ldrJcsaunrrofeirrfiu(to1) rlsceunrrnfuorueiarqnna octflililofrorlrl#

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fi o n : :u r do r f,un r r frnan rnuendor lul r s ti outo r n g our liu l: t r i sufn oudnur lunq r

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: sduo : r rd r r $ oro s r r ur?n r r ou r fu I r r r 5 uu iin r r rudrur{udfiuo r q 5'r tR 1 : fl o { n E ou r riu I r r

r6uu ucildfinrrrudufiudfi'ulsus r.u'rdilg^tifiuruluilrirdcrorngourfioI:s r5su dru unnr

nr:dn ( 106) nd'ufinuruudr olqr1$Rrr uavrsssr1arfirlfrrifi.rrulurfiruudrTrifinarudl

rf,u#fiunr:rlfrrifi.rruqrorfiaurirdlrunlrflu'rulnrosI:rfloruraqrurulunrnnviuoonrfiu{ tfifio


55

8 . il?rurars ru

ngourrTolrr rSouuonorndoliiunillil$acn?rrfrrfinrsunrurdrdd'ldfuuounuro d.rdos

n:ounqrud1ilqflR'riloilrriullsrrfnriouluqnldruuda ngourriulrrrSouf,rdo{fiildrdfufinrou

lunr:rrsurlrs,f,r nr:f,nfionrrunr:dnurfiraudruourrTs iliodqo',rdfru3firrocuouiluro

n1rtn?'rrrl.rtJ'rsdtJ ocr#ulddrngourfolrlrisudosfinrrsuncnarur-ufinrolq{n'rrrilyrurR

mrfrddrirrun'l{ udu uasrudrasf ( BIum and NayIor ) (l0z) tdnrirai'tn?tutfiu'ts

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lunrrrirurufi rarirhl{nrr rfirunnna^n uacilrvfininrnlunrrf rqru andn:'rR'riilra{ru

andn: rnrrIun8r0 unsRrraloonornrru'ld

g . grln:airl:voounrr r?suRr:asu

qrlnrairlrrRounlr r?ountraou mrrsdr rndoru'o ,ufu.tld rn6oiaqduln driaurlrc

RouR'rtdsilto{ngsurriulr.rr€ou rdariauh?rinriuufinrrurdrloluuvr,€uurfulr'roiiudu

r:iu r{rEr udufi'u TrJarnof i61o m:'rsosrr,il rfludu 0'rRnr:flnsrros f,uq nrogqrdrug

(10s) nudr qrlnrsi rndorfiu,uduuldnrsxlrR'rrro{ rdrrnirdo,'rr:duilrcneu uurfunu

"Jton1t?onunRn'l{nuiarJo{il'l1ts il{tq0t0l

finarir l#nr :rJfrrifirnlrdor rcr unndrsfiudas dqaonndosfiunnnrrfrnur

( sz ) dnud r fcqgrJnrainr rasuiinr ruduf,udrisuanfluna riln$o!{ss

ogdrr?onrsr?Brsluunil lunrrasuirrrlryrrnrflnur r:hrd

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aouhirfiurno ucinr:finurtor '[nin: ir a'rqfnr( 109) n6'unudr nr:eiiuarluqudrcu'tol

faqqrln:oi hifinadonrrrl6'ri6rrun1uilnu'rnrdrdroqrirrqrd'ot'nrqjriru ds rdurdurfiu ousri

e',ntqnd ( I l 0) dflnurrrudr Rrr'ldfuariuaqusuilrrurarfaqqrln:oi hifine rud'rriuffiuna

nr:rlfrrio^truriNrrcir$acfinoruynslnrurnr:rs.rriamr?reoriiourriu 6'w,ri'nqnrrrfi e'rRna

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qrln:efirJ: c noun 1r r€ sun r sdoillir o gfifladona runfsrlun r rrlfirifir lnro {

nrrflnourutflunrsurunrrrirra?rufisrurnarruf narudr!rrnllo{qnnnlunrjeurru uasrflu


56

flofrond.tdfiErarionrtfuf unuR'rrrlfrrier^r1uto{qnna rflunrraoulfinuldrEuuf uasr{rtoluisr n r r ?f; rlfrrifi t tudqndo sfr'ueris r nu r cdilc dq r flun r ra$r r r a?uqnr16 uncaru r : nn rnlun r rrlfrrifir ru l#fi rJ: v?nf; n r ngr rdu 0

.r RR.r c dns r ro r qrillo qfirlrvfiuf lros ) nudr

ndngnr n l:ilnouEtd r rru r serufiidnuarcn r:rlfrrifir ru fr r ldo l dl drTn: qrrlr rnqdoon , d s11

thuer:{ t?aluasr6ourrurrurf,rnr: rdoldru draoan#srfiuaranrrfinurroc rrfi iiusroiqfio (l11) Inunudr ri'rrarirflr0R'rrnu'ril1a rflr. drno'ldf,unrrflnorrrunrrdrunr:

uimtrfrnnrr osfinrriufuvrrrvr uavrlfrrffio?r le uraruqndruqrndr{hirno rdrfunrrflnoulil rrcieil{slRnnfltrflnsrlos rfiqfinra udruoas(rg)ndunudr nr:flnouru'fjfinacio;cdu

n'lrudr r$otoqsruuinrrourfislrc r€uu uns rriurdorfiunrrflnurror niu6a(Greenhi I I )

ter I dlddn"r,dutnr:fuflrlmurnq,o{fiururaourriulc{ risu nanrrfinsrnudr srsr:dlnqi ugdtlfnu.l ngdul unsfloruraourfulrq risu finrrfufumuryrlro{nururasurris

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d.r n adon l r rur$ar lun r : rJfrrifi I 1ul, o { n I ou r rTs I r s r 5 uu

1 1. nr:firnfl{lu

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e 'lRRtrfinsrtot r{ttu'r qrutnfio:( I l3) rnrLdrflofrodfiflacionrrrlfirifirrunrrur'nrr raufrolryf

tslt?trrlrdlrornf,tnrtilqufir rnv.lunrnnars 6o nrr'ldr'lnr:firnaotn{firvrnrirvdu

ff{uinuag{urncrstlr{flCItu1a draoandsqfiuflanrrfinsrros 'lntnt flotrlSnt ( 109)

dnudr nrtfirvrafinnlil{'rurfluilo,6'odfinerrudlfiudfiunranrlrlfr'rifir1unrruilnulyrur?rdroldrr

qrufiore{ur,jfiru frtilinctcro'r uac rriurduafiunr:finurvos sriuri ruuvqi ( I l4) dnudr

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57

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rlq^ric'srudrnrirrdrttnncirtriunrrflnsr {or olnr:rs lnr6nrriud (qs ) dnanrrflnurnu

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58

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riruunlfi : 5o/o : 0.05


59

$nilrir lugnr

49,198

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Iul 2 nEilr-tAou1{ttlJu{'t0 fio


60

2. rir rnodrqnnr rirrur z neiruIrq 16ou lduri

z.t nriuronrnrrdnur

z. z nriruqnrivrdfisrur

3. dr rnsnuor rds ciruur z nriruI:s rSou lduri

3. I nrilnafuoon

:.2 nriunarr

4. dr rnofiqq6 ,iu"u. t nriruIrr r6su lduri

4 . I ncirufrqqinciunn

luueiavn{uIrs risudcir'tdludunoud z {uIrq riourrndondu"ur

Irqrisu?i{rrunluudnriru lnonrrcirdaodrruuu.iro'lddruaul:qrisur{svua 27 l:rrisu-3n{u

l. dr tnsrfisr

l.l nrirnifrnfior

2.

t.z nriurioqinsr

dr rnor{rqnnr

z.t nrjrronrnv:dnur

z . z n{uqorindr{our

t.t.?ntu?t'tt'tu

r. r. {our{ur{qq-dt.t.?oul{laosear.r.?et{flq

r. r.qfrnx$c

e.: . fnuraq

r.r.inurrqu

oa- f .r.?na19clqu

r.r.fnnnorfu

r .: . fnuflrdriru

r . r . fnrJrcgi!r:u'rr'rilsAr.r.?onrqf,uoaCt.t.?outnf,u

JeAr.r.r?rrrrsardlr|nn

:. r . dau0nrjryarvr


- r.5 .no{{ilqnfl

- r. r .quruiltstrf;ilndinsrnrt

{ulrl rioudldolnrfu"uud I lddruaulrl riuur{srundruau + Itl risu

ds rfluda$ilutoE$ciacdr rns dtd

-r.r.inurtursr;q

-r.r.fnarnariu

-t.r.inJrj:orlu

61

3. dr rnsmrss rdo

3.1 nriunviuoon r . r . fsrrrur ruqf r o?qna

:.r.nnstfrilrr'rrt

r . : . ucud rrnir siris r

:.:.inrlr1iluroR

: .: . inuninur: ru

r.r.in}J:orlur .: . inr ru6rrir qt

r.r.inro?qqq

r. r . fnoqfirrrarn

: .: . inqafiunr: ru

t.z nriunars

4. rir rnofrEqi

I . dr rno rfisl

z. dr rnodrgnnr

3. rir rnsnuor rds

4. dr rnofqqi

4.r nrirur'qqinviunn

- r . t . qururl:vtriilndins ror r

durl:coudnurfld +-e dstcl#rilunrirdasdrt' d r uaurin r € oudurJr c urrfuru,

lufl n .?t.2s37

6n rfludsriau:gradrrrin r€su d+ r rJ. s t

J " v , do 4 g jBCltUo'.tU?Un?O CI'l {nil'l il'l f,nu 1n t €u 1t5

-'Cntu

rl. +

6,701

rj.o =

.rJ.+ r rJ.

rJ.s

6,636

l: I

il.6 : l5o:

rJ. o

6,263

l:

):

L-

150: 150


62

ttut tou dr tno drueu ur. aarilrirocrilu druau ur.6aodrl

rJ. + r iisr

drqnnr

uusr rdo

frw?

I ?tl

rJ. s rflsq

drEnnr

rnror r ds

frqq6

t ?lt

rJ. o r dlor

drqnnr

muos rdo

lrullt

'?U

I ,565

836

713

1 ,200

r565t43t4

. 836 I 4314

7 13 I 4314

1200 | 4314

=21 6

=l l6

=l l6

:216

50

25

25

50

4,314

1,636

829

722

I,189

163614316 =216

82914376:ll6

72214376:ll6

ll89/4376:216

147514203 -216

t92l 4203 =l I 6

68414203 -ll6115214203 =216

150

50

25

25

50

4,376

r,475

892

684

1,152

150

50

25

25

50

4,203 150

I

I

i < dqear nTo.rfrofrlf,lunr:iffs

rndoqfiodldlunr: rffurarraudoryarornr'rdnuriflonfcd n'ouuudouorud{efroasrsdu

druau z qn drd


'c$Z I Yz.t]

if -';fu),

__$L

63

{oii r uuudouoruehr.rfrngaurriulrs rEuu rfluuuuaororu{oryadrdsadililof,u

cir srdfinaciona rilfl$oilr,o { n Aou rriu I r r ri uulur ruflss fiuuacnauqruIr n'l{ r 6ionoo nlul: s

riuurjrcarudnsr (nlnflu?fl t.) rlrcnsudro a riru drd

rl?u1r Irl

{oryadruflrfrodaur;non uasilo6'ulunrrrJfrrifisru :ru ro ds lduri

rlrf, o'rg do'run'rflcrurGt,Sruauqnr:sdunrrfrnur olqr'ruR'r: rssvrto',dil5rifiqruourriu

lr s 16 uu : r u'[d rliilrsrr llrlro{n goilrriu lr s ri uu nr r'ldfun r rflnsu:r n r r'ldfunr rafn. I A a tn 9o a

arluqrJ n : o[ r n F o q ru'o ra s R'r : 1 dfiLn r r fi r ns s r u

d d z do4anarrufrdosl:nl{rdonson,6ruau 2s ds rJrsnoudro narru

fnrr:vura?nsrrorl:o lduri dr rfiel n?lilquu:.r nriurdor nr:6nrdo nrncdrlrn or -

n'rruaerdrdq nr:florfiu uas?f,nrrvlraruuuriq rnrvr{uf,gr rrlluttouorilfifinusc rflu

rur:LrlEriurfinr6onnou 5 d?ra'on ocfidrnouqnrfior t drnord d J q9 - 3ilfian t nilfln'l 5 lmnsrtuila.iu

noilQn 1#r nSuuu

noufin 1# 0 nsuuu

o',rfinn',u$ud ldrJrc rfiunrrruf riorlrntdrf,snson rfluncuuu:rurfrqriugiongourfu

l:s riuu t nu Inuf,nuriqrcdunrrrufrorrirrncuuu rflu r rsdu drd

rlsoa9.iincuuuliounir i - s.D. ostrlrlr

ilrunarl iinsuuurrirfiu f ts.o. nsulru

ilrn iinsuuurrnndr i + s.o. nsuuu

daud r do4a n r : f,rfuvru r yrilo { o E our rio I : r r E uu lus r ufl o r fiura s n auqul r o

1{rfionoonlulrr 16uurJrcoudnur ,f,ru'lu t+ do Inourir rfludrucirrr dtff

1. drunri?'rsrrl.ru ,flrueu r {o t,fiod l-3)

2. drunr:dr ru^urru ,ilruau s {o rjrcnoudro R'rrl#qrfnur :E:rri

r{rf,nunris rnr;r{u{qs f,ofion:ruil^rdu 6nnrunnnrrinur nltd$rrnarrudrur{ufrgudrtrhu

Irqr€oil rasEilru t{oii +-s,{od l3-14)

3. drunrril:vrfiurua ,iru'ru s {s tdod t0-12)

fiudn r narEin r r l#n cuuudrd

41688


64

cisnr ril risnr rrud rflufiuru

(Pos i t ive statement)

(ncruu)

dsna rld rflufirna

(Negative statement)

(nauuu)

1d

ld1d

0

I

I

0

lunr:f,nsrtf ldtlrr rfiunrriufmurntorngourfolrr risut{luncuuurau 'lddnurir:c

drnrrf,ufunurn tflu g rsd!6sd

rloo

drunar s

U1R

iincuuur?ssndr

fincruurrirfil

finsuuurr nnd r

i - s.D.

i t s.D.

i + s.o.

nsuuu

flctluu

ncuuu

daud + do4afraunficisunu rnndr dcro r n g our rio I r r r 5 oulur rufls I fiuuacn?uql

l:nl{rdsnoonlulrs risudrcnrf,nur druru t: do iirdnrnsrdnrrhfncuuuf,ld

{onr rru {enr rrd rilufiuru

(Positive statement)

(ns$uu)

{snarrud rflufirar

(Negative statement)

(ncuilu)

rfiudasodr{u'rR

rfiudau

hiurito

hir#udro

hirriud'ruotirsurn

5

4

3

2

I

I

2

3

4

5


65

dl3oz .ooacdn'rrflRs'rnr{u rr rnom{urirrcfrufrounfisonrilu z finu$c 6s

l. nsuuufidunfiraurfrsriueiongourrisl:sriou t nu lnof,nuritrcf,ufiauafiosnritudrd'oa-

flf,unn tx{ail iiacuuudsondr i ne.uuu

rigunfiriluan finauuuttirfilniolrnndr i nsrilu

z. osuuut'dilnfirflurrudoeiongourriolrrriuud{ilun lnsf,nnir:sf,rtficunfioonrfludrd

fraunsr^ rfrlou iincuuudoondr 3 nsuul.t

fr'aunfir8surn iincruurrirfiuriournndr 3 nsruu

daud s {oryau:rgrlolunr:rJg'ri6r1uro{ngourfiol:r 15su,f ru?u 28 {o druunnrruq-!doe-Jilo00n'r luuasilt0 t g{r t0n{u

fle ffurflrqu rl:cnsudao z srriil:cnsutios drfidrsrril6 ru?u l5 ds drfi

r. riurfiou drueu t {e t{sd rl2.drunrirRlr{'ru druau z ils({sds,o)3. ulouruuacnrru?ilrr druau z 4s r{od 15,28)

4. nrrntiunrlurru 6ruau z 4a (dod z,c)

5. nrrrudruf,uf,dur;nnalurniasrru 6ruau r {o t{od r 2,16,22)

6.nrrrilfilrhgvr 6ruau z ilo tdodr3,ls)7. dnlnRr:firlru d ruau r {o t{sd a ,20,2r)

itoffugr'lo rlrcnoudao e ssriilrcnoutiso dsfii{roril,$ruau 13 do drd

(ilsd za,zt)

rdod lo, l l, rz)

(dsd r, rg)

rdsd r 4,2s)

({sd z,s)

({od zg,z+)

t. narrdr riore.rsru ,firuru z 4s

z. nrrldfunrrooruisriudo druru r {s

3. Ionredrrrnhluudldorrr'ru ,f,ruau z 4s

4. naruiufinrou druru z 4s

5. nrrrf,rournuror drueu 2 {s

6 . f,nsorsq rudrt6tia ,i ruau z 4a


66

q d J gg -:ln0il [ nilcnnl t tfinslluil o{l1J

{onaru donarrdtflufiruru {onarudrflufirar

(Positive statement) (Negative statement)

(nsuilu) (nc$uu)

rfiudasorir r0r 5

rfiudru 4

hiurilo 3

hirfiudro 2

hi r#udrootir r0t I

1

2

3

4

5

lunrrfinsld fi tnCIsiuritrcduu:tgtlolunr:rlfrrT6tru rflu z dnsors 6o

I . nc$uuilrrgtlelunrrrJfi:ifiulurruriunril'lduriq rflu rcdudcd

ur{g{lolunrrrJfrri6rrutfiqnu finc$uudoundr ; octtuu

rsr{g{tolunrrr.lfrrifirrutfislan fincuuuttirfrumiorlrnndr ; nl$ilu

z. nsruuutrgrlolunr:rlfrrifirrutflu: rodo'ldrrrjl rflu :cdudqdq Gr 14 'a a d

,uurlognd r g nguuulrr{g{r l0 luR'rrilailn{1u{!{olj uncu

ur{g{1rlunr:rtfrrifirrut8urn iincuuurri.rfilniorurnndr 3 ns$uu

un, , du: rrudrurJ: tisodrrJr cnouda ona r u fl r do l l: n1{ r 6ionson n r: ilfurl rnngour fo

uacricuofieisumurnrdrdrufru ocrflunsruunrruu$oililo{tngourrislrsr€oulunt:rlfiridlru.

flo q fiuuacnauqrulr nlci r dsnoan lul r s t6 uurJ: coilflns't frlr,rinrlqut rfi ln oudt r sduna r tngouson rflud'td

rlsu finsuuurisundr i - s.D. as$uu

:Jrunarq iinsuuurrirfir i1s.o. osttuu

llR fincuuuilrnndr i + S.D. nsuiltt


67

tefi 2 ulludouorrdrnfurinriuuiurJrcnrudnur fld a,5 uav o rfluuuudouolrl

rduafiuaaruf,rierl:nl{rfionaon drrlrcnoudas d1tilq n?ltJlurttl nrrn^n rdu n,n,

rlrlrn o'rR1?udeldrdq nr:flsrfiu iinr:rlfrrifidadr?rurcduro"urfinlrn $nc Rlrr{rnrs

nrrirrnrrrdolrn,Sruau ts ds $ilu3(ouoluiidnuEcrfluuuurlrrissfintf,onnou + dar6on

osfrdrnoilgnrfiol t drnol

fiudn r nsrqinr r l#ns,uuu fiqd

noilqn

norfin

nrrdnu'rurtud ldrJrcrfiuoarruflriorl:nt{rf,sossntflunsuuurarrfr'snriucisfinriuu t nu

I n u 6'aud q : r6'rn'l r u f t o I ria { n s ttutt r flu : r c 6'u6't d

fioo

q9,t14

1#

I nsuuu

ncuuu

iinsuuu rrirfil ;drunnr t iincuuu rrirfirL ;il1R finsuuu rrir fiu

T

+

s.D.

S.D.

S.D.

flctluu

flcuuu

flsttuu

l.Rt5t,t'tn?lunt{nlilrdun't ( Content val idi ty ) llo{tttuudolto'lrl

rflif,orflufragrtuuueuuolrdu,uuriu 2 \et Insnlrdun{rclndrcr qiu^u

ruu?1'rsnrrflorfiuunsn?ilqilIrnl{rnoonoonluanruflnsr qlstnotlrnfincioli'a'lrJ n:unruq!

I:n6nio nanr:6f,uuasroRcrlr9irrrdrdoa{or lnstrisrorrddrJ?nnr dl rflu{,dutnlq

,f,ruru r riru rflufrf,o'rlarlnr?odou narrfar0u n?tilQndosrolnlur uacn?lunt{n'lil

, dun. udari rr rrliurJq t rtfi'lt 1#6du

Z.n'ttlit'tfl?'trrduu ( Rel iabi I i ty ) ilo{luuudouolU

. ulruuuuu',udrirunrrn:rraou uosrlfurllsudtqlnonow{rdorlrq ldrirlrJflnno{l

1# (rry out ) fiungourriolrr riuu uacfn16ouiurJtco!finsr fld e-e toqlrl rioulu

f,rrfnuunqi dr rflu6'rrlndlndrfiusfiuuacfid'nuorcndrundrfiunriudrodrldl#lunr:?fru

,$ruau :o Irr r?uu Ino rfiudoqangourriolrt riuu I nu,rinriuudurJ:gorufinurfld +-o

r nu giol: s riuu r grir rdsflnurnrnarrunn:'o{i,o{ttltlldollotu udarirurrliurlql6nnYs

rioudocdr hJldlun r I flns rdohJ


68

R'rn{rrirnaru rduunuuuulJdollo'ru ldif,ros cronbach Iounr:rardurjrcf;vrf;"6'adlr

( Coefficient Alpha I dlfiqer:6'ld

( l- Xsit tst2 )

n-l4.d0 no n1n?1il t?tu{t$o{uljlJcloljo1il4o93n FIO t lU?UtlOllO{ltlJlJCfOlJO 1Uil{qn

si2 6e n?rilttilrill?uto{ncuuuuciac{ot

st2 fl'o n?1ilu:J:ilt?uq,o{nsttilu:?ilfr{sfil

xulnro{firrrjrsfinf;'uri{n?1ilrfig{ frrtrifinrtdliluanrudadrrrirlndtocrflurirdd

rr.rursdildqn lnuriat:Jnrrindfiorr$r rflunGiilfitcl#riril:su10r 0. 65 ( I 1 7 )

flao'rRn1:il'rri1n?'ril liit { ilil'i1

rnrufloljoluqod 1 (drniungourriul:s risu)r A - gr A s b9 4 . UYr ddmfi z ( n?1ilirior lrnl{irdonoon ) kilri'ta?'utrfrulr?irfiu o.so

drud g lnrriufunrrvrurlrdro{n1oulrTslrs r€0u) ldrirnarrurdur rrirriu 0. 85

riaud a (riaunficiounurnrnhdtorogourtislrs risu) ldrirna'tuduu 0. 65

eiaud s (u:rgs1olunrrrJfirifir1ili,o{rnAoilrrisIssri0u) ldrirna'tutdutryird! o.e+

unstdrJfurJqrudttlurirud z udarir'[rJldo?r rau

,,uuauuu',unud z (drlrf,urin t?suj:soudnur )

drud z (nrrrfrdsqlrnt{tdsnson) ldeirnt'tu,duu rrirfiu o.zo-AdtqatA3.fitrirrsdunatru0tR ( Level of di f f i cut ty ) fr{ riluqarerufoclot{oas!frosuon

l#vr:rl'jrdor{raril(rrodoriorfsqriu)finurf,rqnrurndourfiorln drrflunrtnr?odou

rlsrdillifiro{sloaou dr{oln-hir{r rnnrcifidouirhJrliurLqr rfiohfldrdofitn'rilrnor#riruun

1{ drtrfirrir:cdiloa'ruu',od,nu'rrar,tfu or:oqj:vrdrr 0.20-0.80 Inoldqn:mrrir:sdrlJdy

fi? llJU'lR1JO{tol4ileU ( Johnson) 6'Sfi


69

P = Ru+Rl l2f

A,vtUo P = leniln?1ll0'lR'U0{Ullud8ll$1l|

Ru : druaunudnouqnlilnriilq{

Rt = druaunudnouqnluncirdr

f =,f,rurunuluuciarnriru tdrdsrfr,fi1u?u!rirfiu)

0'r RR r ril r ri r : c dun ? 1 u 0 1 n d r CIr o { uuutrouo r ud? 0 gn t { 1 r duudrm d rIuuueouoru{nfi t ( ngourriulrr 16ou )

eiaud z (naruf rderl:aldr6snson) firirrcdunarilurndrao$rvndr,q 0.69 - 0.88

drud r 1nr:irfirnurnrnirdrosngourriul:u6uu) firirrsdunaluurn*irooqi:rndrr

0.62 - 0.87

uuuauuolus.d z ( rin riuuduil:coilflnur )

-

drud z (naruf rf.orl:n'ldrdonoon) firirrsdunarusrnd ruo{r gudr r 0 . 25' 0. 86

4. nrrirdrurodruun ( Power of di scriminat ion ) 6o qaraurifitoruurauuotud

arrrrodruunnuldrflu z nrir fionriurrir unrnrir'hirrir lnoldgn:ror

'trlriarad ( rindley )(lt7) dqd

D = ( Ru _ Rl ,ttArru-o D - rirdruro{ruun

Ru = 6 rurunulunriruqrdnouqn

Rt € ruauoulunrireirdnougn

f : druaunuluueiarnrir (dq rrirfiu)

drrirrirur0,fi,rurrodd nrrfirirqrqorrirdocrflutrJ'td riunilrodr {oaourfucrilrrerdr

uunnurlrhinrru'lddr nuhnurril- trirrir orirqlr


7A

qY a t ! o o t0'rRRlr rlqn5n{ nn1?fi 1n'ro'lu'r00 lttuRll0{ttljljCYouo 1il nu?'l

rnllldoualuuofi I (nlourfiolrs r?su)r d tt A s h9 d - b9,r o oci:rufi z ( narruf,r5oq trnl{irdooooR ) l6rirdruro'il'ruunrsudrr 0.63-0.88

,,urauou',uEud z (rinrioufurjrsnrudnurfld +-olr J c, A s brr 4etxun 2 1 narruf rEorlrnldrfionoon I ldrirriru10,fi luunrcildrr 0.s0-0.6s

if;nr:rdu:ru:aruffo{a

{i6'otdrA r rfiunr r r fiurarrarudoryan rldrduciuerou fiqd

1. rirr,rrirdoornriaffin?nsrds uilr?nsrd'silfrna 6rdrrin{'n{R'rcil:yo!flnurfflufnrJqurrfi

r dunuu. r rudarunoo lun r : r fiur?oryo

2. ilrcerurrulnonrrfiufinsru^rmf,illufinurnrrflnsr drrinsrunr:rJrcoruf,nur f,rrin

rlvlurrfi duorfnqrJrserr{uas:10asr6unlunr:rfiu{oqa ,dunuo.rrldrrufiolunrrrfiudo

UAst2 d"tu

4no

n g our rio I : s r E uu Ino 1 duulaoilo'r rr dld rrin t run r rilr ssrrudnu r 6'rnfs

rfi1ru a r ii r flufrrf, r r fiun r r rir h?n g ou r riu I : r r i uur;nuri.r lufi r mfnrJqru r r fi

riaud z rinrioudurJrcaildnurfld +-o l#uurcolorruinrefllsn?rrf,rdorl:nld

r6onson {?fron$orudaoriruflnurfirnadfrfufinrouqruourfulrqriuu druuuaounrruhJfn

narrufrorrinrSouduilrcoilflnurfld 4,5 uas 6 flo{rlrsr6su + urir,firuau 450 nu n1u

d, e . ut s q t q I a r 4 - 3firirudaotirrTd Inulf taarlunr:nsuuuudouorrur?or r?suasil:sursr 20 urfr ud'rornfu

1drnaur{rnordgndoruririnr3uu norudsdnorudrdurfiulrnldr6onosnuavldqnqufrnnrr

fiungourrio lr q r€ uu luusiasuri.rdtrJ r fiudoryada u

3 . 5 ?lrrxrrurllldollo'rrJflorngourfolr r ri ouddrdunduu r

4 . er i ? saoiln ?'r iln r ildeuqndo r ro r {oqa ua a n r a o l #n suuucr l il r nordn r : h{n c uuudd r nuo t i5 . rir{oryadrfiu:ar:'lrutdriuruo nr:rie luuuuar:fa ( cod ing Form )

6. riuffndoryaatluuaiu diskette ririorirnrrirnrrrridor;ad:urndorlrlo:oouf;arno$


nrt? rn:rrri{s{a

nrrdnsr?'f,uofuif ?rrr:rvr{do4adaoIilsun:r

Package for Social Sciences )

a6fifi1 #1 unr :i r n: r srifrsilaA I o I d - Aa s Et d g, I

t .irnrrvriqorf,nuarsflo{ilrsr1nruasfloffufif,nur Inslf,n'rru0nro{o?rud Souas rirJrqrardrqa0 n'ruruglu n'rgluuou fi'r ruu{ [1Juu1nrglu

2. nndoiln?rrudrr{uf:smdrr6'aurj:cirq"l dfinracisnalufigoilflo{ngoilrriulrrr6oulu

{ 1uflo{fiuuasoauqrlra.ldrdonoonlulrr r€uuilrsorufrnsr Insld chi - square test

3. yrodoun?rldilfiuf,:cradrrdeurJreirrl fifinaoienalilflgoilEro{ngourful:rriuuluI d s lr t < q s 4 | 4 S a 4s t + e'{1uilo{fiuuacnauqrulrn'l{r6onoonlulrrrSuuilrcoilflnur lounrritn:rcdxi'uilcsdn!-

Anr{uf ( Pearson product Moment Correlation Coefficient )

4 . yte6rouil0 ffudfidnf;flncion a r ufl$oilro {n A our ris l: r r 6 uulun r:rlfrrifir rufls s fiuuns

n?uqilIinu[{raoonoonlul:r r€ourJrsoudnur rCsrirhJldrlruroil;onrans tu ( predi ct

or estimate ) Inol#a66nr:itn:tsr{onooonr4 rtuuriunou ( Stepwise Multiple

Regression Analysis ) rflunr:riiondaurlr6a:sfiasda Inuf,ortst'ttrnd:dfirirnart

duf,uf fi16'aurJ:nllq{qn rirlra$r{dunlrInofio'rrarlrir Part i al F tes t rloudqn ras

overall F test dolfiriodrfiqill{d6A

5. rrJiuurfiuunerruf rio.rI:n1{rf,onsonrosrinrSourJrsoilflnsrfld +,suu, e Ins

l#nrritn:rst{narruurJrrjrau'ilruunnrr rdua (one-way Analys i s of variance)

6. nr:if,unfqfi rirrunryfiunarufrriodrriaprtafifi { tevel or signiricance )

rloun'ir 0.0s fiu'ronarudr rira66riuunnr{rrfiu iilonrefinnarniios'hiunncirsfiudoundr

t ofo lu t oo ufu

7l

sPss / Pc+ Statistical


72

ilnii 4

4 d9HARIt? rRrlct{roua

nrrif,unftd fitnqrtracrrr{rCoflnsrflofiodfinndsnarrngorrorngourriolrrriuulurru

flotfiuuasnalqruIrn'ldtiionoonlulcr riuurJ:snilflnsr uncdnurrcdilnarruf rdorlrnl{tdsnaontssfnr?uu#urJ:couflnurfld +-e fi'rrierlqurrfi n{16'rodrrdfinsr fi z neirfio

n gour rio lr t t € uuqnnu o r n l t t t € suil: snudnu r d'r rindrrinl run r rrJr corufinur firninrlqu

trfi tzs Irr r?uu ,$ruau 178 nu uacfnriuufuilrsouf,nuritd +-e drfrndrrin.rruR.rr

rJrcoudnuri'rnfnrJqrutrfi oln 4 Irr riuu drueu 4s0 nu rfiu{oryalnol#uuuasuurudfr

ifiua$rtdu b?ngourrTslr r rf uu rflufrnoundurur 'ldiuuluaoiloruduuraid ruau 172 qrirr

6n rflugotla s s6.s lurirutorrin riou#urjrcoruflnuritd +-e frifroriruuueouorrunhjorrulu

r?ot rEuuettutrudolrr rsuudrirld uacldraarrJrsruril zo uriilunrrnou 6q rfiurruraru

ttlludouo'tudldult{unruo rirrurirnrrvridoryndaohlrunrunstfitrnof spss/pc+(statis-t ical Package for Social Sciences )nanrtflnutuanll{rflu z riau dtd

udn{ flnfl1r? r nr rcdiloilr,dauqnna

udn{flaR'r ri r n: rcfilofruludrunrrrlfrrifir ru

udn{ flanr ri r nr r rr{ilofrug r 1o lun r rrl6'ri6r ru

drufi I ildn{flafl'tritnrrc#narungouro{nAourriulr.rriou lurrufle.rriuuocn?urlil

lrnl{r 6onsonlulr s rf uu

cirufi s ttdo{ruantritnrrcdnarrdur{uf,:sndrrflo6'oeirrl dfierncisnarilrn$oulusru

fls.rfruuacnzuqrlrnnldrdsneonlulrs riuu lnuuris rflu

5.1 irnrrsdlosl# cni-square tesr

s.z ?tnrrcd loourrirdrurj:sfini"ayrdrurflud ( pearson product Momenr

Correlation Coefficient )

ci:ui c udn{ flaR 1 ri t n: r cfeilnr :d rur oilr f,odfidnf;nndona r uu$orlur rufloq fiuuac

nalqrul:nnldtaoonoonlu]:r rSou lnuldifi'l^rnsrc#oeouunrluouriu*uu

(Stepwi se mul t ipI e regress ion analys i s )

daud I

cirufi z

ric?iln 3


73

cirufi z udn{ naRr r i t or r sdne r ruf r io s I : n1{ r a'snoon ro rfn rE oudurJ: raudnu rfld

4, 5 $as o Insnrr?rnr ts,fl atrruurJ:rJ:au 'firuunnrs r6oa ( one-way

Analysis of Variance )

tdadqaiaufi t Han'r5Trn: rcfilof,uriauqnnaro{ngoulrioIr.r rEuu

o'rnnrrirn:rvrfqard'nuorvriruqonarorngourriul:r16ou (n1r1ud sl aqilldi'rd

I . I tnn nudrngourfolrs r6ouciauh,rqjrflurncrtfrlrrnndr rnarro fin rflu$ssas

85.5 tta; 14.5 etrudrdtl f,nrfau rndvto: rndm{r I :5.9

| .2 orq agourriul:l riuufisrg rn6o (mean')39.70 il riaurfio.r ruur,tnrg'Iil 6.34

riaulnqj$o uav s7 ngourriolrr r:'ouosfior g:vudrr 36-45i1

I .3 fi$lunlndilrfi nudrriauhqjnrourfolrr rEuua!:eudalooac 7 s :orotur rflu

Iaq $ouas zo.s

I .4 6ru?urln: ngourriul:l rSou9ounv 37 .a fiqn:,f,lu?u 2 nu :o{a{il'llrifiqn:

iouac lo. z

I . 5 t cfrunl :f, nur'1ot'n r : finu r r uco r irurlg^rifir r rR'r r n g ou r rio I r r 16 oudauluqjtufl r tf,nurrJ:cnrsfiurin:irrf,ndugr lsuav lz.a fiarcrrirr railrc ,ilruau t:errr?rr arcrr?rrrfrnrcranfnururnfiqngouav I 6. g rsdunrrfinur luiloq

riu nrLd r fi '1or'n r rflnu r lu: vd'urliqqr nEnio r fi ou r rir 6.r $o u as 8 3 . 7 r o{ rr llduri r sduri r n'i rrJiqqr n:'9o uas I 5 . I

I .6 o"f grruRr: ngourriul:s rEuufi otqElrR'tr rodu (mean \t6.77 it eirurdor

ruuillnr1glu 6.28 flouac ot fiorgrrrnr:oqi:sfld1{ rl-20 fl

1.7 ?ctstrarfirlfirTfi.rrungourfrul:.rrisu nldr ngourriulrsr€uufirvu;raorrlg'ri6

uturodu 6.7| il rieurdu.rrillrurerrgru 5.zl riaulnqi$o0as58.z firsuc

raarr.lfrrifir rurflungourrTuogirvrndrr I - 5 fl

1.8 :rsnld eiruhqjngourriul:s r:'uuosfirrs'[dornriurfieuotirs rduelqu'lilfirru

ldfirsrs6{9osas 83 . I ngourfofrrr0tdrsdu (med i an ) 10,860 rlryl sio

rfiou r:rsas r6un{oryarlrrnglunrnnil?R .q .


74

6 ruau $ouncrorngourriolrr rEuu o .rlqrurrfi druunnrudnuorcriauqnna

aRUsrCfl?il{ARA 0tld?u ,ttouEtc

N - 172 nu ( roo.o )

I . rltflArq.t

s't 0

147

25

85 .5

t4 .5

23 .2

7s.0

37.8

32.6

2.o'tu

zs-ts 1J

T: :g.l iJ s.D. :6.34 max : 58 il min :25 il3.dolufll?rdilrd

GTU'3f r29

+.,f,ruauunr

'f, ruau 2 au

s .:sdrnr rdnur

4A

65

5 . I 16nr:dnur rdo r duilfi'ri65 ruRrt

( rJna. I

s . 2 r sdrnr :finurqrqndldfuilo qriu

ilrsnrafiurinrirrf;nduqr s6

rliqqrnS uio riiuu rrir r44 83.7


75

n151ifi 3 (eio)

vlang8|so?ilrJflf,a 6ruru {osac

N: r72 nu ( 100.0 )

6.o't05ltR'lt

tr - 20 il 105

f : ta.tl i) S.D. :6.28 max :33 il min : 1fl

61.0

z . rsgs r aardilfrrifi{ rungourfiul: r r30u

l - s il rol s8.7

i: 6.71 fl S.D. : 5.71 max : l7 il min = 1fl

8.9lusil1{rf,rusfl0

8.1 frrruldrqflrsriurdouotirs rdsa 143 83.1

fir r u'ldf,rss zs 16 . 9

8.2 :ruld ururudr :roldrrnrtur6ouuac:ro'ldfirsuluudasrdsu

l0 , 001 - 15 ,000 lj'lyt 92 53 . 5

median = 10,860 1r'l1l S.D.= 3,114.2O max = 23,099 illYl

min: 5,560.00 UlVl

8 . 2 glucill r rn:ugfionriln?ril rfiutor{nol

ilrunars (rro'ldnolfiurrodrs\ tz3 7t.s


76

drufi z nanr r? r n: rcrffiof,udrunrrrlg^rio^r ru

q'rRn'rr?rnrrrdflofrsludrunr:rl6'rier^r1uflo{ngourn-oI:srEuu (nrrrud +) aqil1d6'rif

z. t rl?ilrs{ruro{ngourffslrq tisu d.ril:cnsudau

2. | . |,irururin r?suto.rl:r riuufirlfirYfisru lrr r6ourJccoildnurlufitnfn

rJqlt rfi ii,$ rururin r i uuunnei r q fiur r n dr dufuorul ano{ I r r r i suuurdud l: s r S uudiirur n

rfindqnfirinrEuu'f ruau 47 Fru uaslrrriuuc,urntrqidqnfirinrisu,firuau z,sts nu dru

hnqj,fi rururinriuufrfluil'rR nooil:srurar 132 nil

2.r .2 or:'l#rrarrlfiffirruourfrol:r r?su flildlngourrTultl rSouvlnnu uon

0'r Rn'r rrlflrifirnhdngouuiol: r r i ouuda do.rrlfrrio^rrirddur rud'[dfuilolrilil'r uo r n{u?ur:

dail'hJdau ldrrri rflungrhv,ilriu fufinsaulnrsR'r5o'm'rrnarrfu rrur{aq {'rilqtRrt

ir 1 CIfl o{rffunroilr r t€ su r ruirr n'r r r'r so'rfi 'r r {'rlrlls :arr fnd qaq

2 . | . 3 *r lua aoucioftla rli ng ou uio I r I ri uuqnnuo cfi rildrd r flun gaourin r 3 uu

o'trdl diuilolrnu 1 unauqifiun r t r flung our r?uda o ng our rTufifr Iru qaou r od ouua, 23 .47

liaIruq tffila:ni rir rdor rlruil1nrs'ril 5 . +s ngourr?oriruhqi$ s6as ir . o osfifalrurasu

r6-2s rirl!s tdrjnrrf

2. t . 4 nr:rlfirififionrrruflsrffunavnaugrulrnl{r 6oaoon'luIrr risu (frrIu.r

sis r ;lou ; n gourrTu I r q ri uul#r a n r lun r rrlfrrififi rnr r rufl s r fiuua rnauqrl : n 1{ r f, ansontu

Irq riuuunnsirsfiu'lrJ r.uldldlunrrrJfr'rififionrrrn-rndrarleodqn 6o r iaIrurt r6ou

6n riluttu'tdldlunr:rJfrrififionrruo,ndu t .grfrrlusciod'ilnrf rir rdsr rlJuu'rnrg 1u 3.23

cirulrqj9ouas 46 totngourfiulrq riuuldrlarlunrrrlfrrififion:rrq,f,ruau 1- sfiafuqcio

t 6ou uacn gou r rio6n9o uac s z'hiar ru r s o r sq r an r lun r rrlq^rififi o nr rruq lduduou

z. z nr rnldfunr:ariuauudonr: r?sunr:sou

dun t r t 6 uun u auudu g uur ris I r .r r 5 su'ldiuafiucqur r ndqn lduri }Ja r nof ds

ldiuariuarlu$ooas oz . a donr: rsounrrauudnguurriuIr q r50u{dfurioudqn lduri ?frIo

rrn:J uayanlad dqfi rfiurI: r r50u rfiueiildiudsdrncira

nud rn g ourrlo Ir r r € uu'lil r nu ldfun r rfNnouru2.3

r?orl:n'ldtdsnssntau cfqueitdf,ufinroul#rlg^ri6nrirdogourriudr$osas 60. s uasng

ouusodTdrdrf,unrrflnou:il{ daulrqjgou as 34.g oc'ldiunr:flnourr'firutu r-, uguCopyright by Mahidol University

77

2 . 4 nr :1dffunr :fi r nqr ru ngourriolr q ri uutdf,unr rfi tnct rulut dot I:n1{r fisn

osnriiur s2 nu finrflu$osac 53.s lnoldf,unrrfitnatrusrnaoriisurriuilrndqn $ooav

42.4 rsrasur'ldiunrrfirnf,{luorndrrinl'rualrrrorqtfiwfn 6nr{lufssac zl.g

6ruru {osac torngourfralrr riaudruunnrufleSslun't :rlfiffitru

floffsluorrrlfirTfir ru 6ruau

N-l72AU

fosac

(100.0)

t . ililrarq rutoqngourfolrl rSsu

JqI-3 r?lu{rclou

16 - 25 !U.

' i.= 23.47 ilu.

400 nu 138

132 nil S.D. = 29.2 max : 2,515 nU

0

t72

80.2

min : 47 f,U

0

100

z . nr r'ld:-unr rafuar{udsn r r ri uunr rasu4do

l . l,i ruaurin risursr I: r r:' uudilg'r16u tu

40

Mode

l . 2 Rrcldraarilflrifir ruourfolr r tSou

r 6r r aa r t do trlfrrifi t ruour riu I r q r 5 uu r ri r riu )

u'r { r ?a'r f dorrJfrrifit ruduldarudeo I

t22 71.0

S.D. = 5.48 max = 48 til. min = 5 lll .

79 46.0

87 50.6

max = 20 tU. min = I ttJ.

ldl6Yu

,fl ruau( Souns )

134 (77.9\

1.4 R'rrrlfrrififion::uflsrfiuuavneuqul:n'l{rdsasonlulrlt60u (dallsldrJnrr{)

I - 5 !U.

hiarl r t$t cq r rn rnlduriuou

;'- 1.9 1U. S.D. = 3.23

ldiu

d ruru ( $ouns )

38 (22.r){fionrr r€sunltdollCopyright by Mahidol University

78

d9t't ? 1{fl 4 (oiol

o v q lAuAuoou runrrufluo{ ru o llt?u

N = 172 i',u

{ouas

(100.0)

4flo

u9tu?11J

?6Io rnrj

aladAor

r oRdl r6l{T{1t11

ltt 'l CIo s tun

l. nrrldf:rnrrflnsurru r drueirlfrrifirnr?rd )

t-rufuhi r nuldiunr rfrnoilsu

i.:o.oo9. s.D.:2.344 . Rr r ld$un r rfi rnal rur r nmria u u'rud r doaqio r

4 . l rnu'ldilnrrfi rnar ru

hitnuldiunr:firncs ru

+ . z nito u'tudl#o', rfi rnos ru

eo rfiourriu

ldYu

,Eruau($osac)

7e (4s. e)

r ( 0.6)

1 ( 0.6)

7 6 (44 .2)

72 (41.e)

60

t04

max :4

ldldYu

,ilruau(9soac)

e3 (s4.1)

17t (ee.4)

r7 | ( e9 . 4 )

e6 (5s.8)

1oo (58.1)

34.9

60.5,t

nil min=onil

92

80

53 .5

46 .5

42 .473


79

umei rne r uf,dn! our Ssl dful u r isl I r nl { r doaos n

uucisarrufdld;uturdoll:nI{rdoassn (nrr rud s I ngourriol:t riuu'ldfu

narnf rdarl:n'ldrfionaonrrnudufi IrJarnsf rrndqndr lattav tt.z to{a{rrtldorn

miror'rilrrlrtr"qndrdsador ln:r1cri dun{rtrnCr:r rrildofildlfinoetrr qifio nr: t6ou

R1rdoil ivrg nr:rlrcErr/duuur rlrccunrraiornqr6{lao uacdrcailnrrolornqn:dho 6n

rflu$ogns e g.o , 65.1 , 62.2, 51.7 , 43 .0, 27 .2, uas tl.e nrlr{rdu

9t'l t 1.qtl I 6 ruaugo0asro { unri r na r lfdn gourrTo I : t ri uu'ldfulu r ds I I :n'l{ t fisnssn

Ado ldYu

d ruru ( Sosac )

1ril6iu

6ruau( {ssas )

ruriur{l lrlaroof

{fionrr rSounrtctou

dun{ro rndr: reir.rl

?nq

150 (87 -2)

8e (51.7)

lo7 (62.2)

74 (43 .0)

117 (68.0)

r12 (65.1 )

41 (27 .3)

8e (51.7)

3e (22 .7 )

23 (13.4)

22 (12.8)

83 (48.3 )

6s (37.8)

e8 (s7.0)

55 (32.0)

60 (34.e')

t2s (72.7)

83 (48.3)

133 (77.3)

L4e (86.6)

udau q rutrr!.r r*qnd r dor{ss

lm:risri

rlr rqru lduuu't

nrT{dofiu{lfinoctr:

ilr caun r:oio r no;r 6dh o

rlr caun r roit r nqnrileu


qrln:oil dodldlus rufls r fiuntrqrul r n'[d r doeoonlul: t r € uu'[do tir q firl: sf;nin rn

,'rodqu ngourrio$osac 5z.l 'hifinrrurfiulutduud ngourrio$ooav lo.: iinarurfiu'ir

?rr 1 r,os r ilmuac t oflGn : udur{u r fluqrln:oil dudel: vfinin rnru r ndqn ( n 1 r'l ud o )

" r n udc qrln:ail fluiil ffl uo ruflor ffunauqruI rnl{ r tloooonlul : r r?suldodr tfi

rl:sfininrnot ofiq" ( o1 Rilr nlrjfios I

a I oull 0 lu?il {oerac

1 . Yt:'.I009 rull

z. rondlrudud'n

3. alad

4 . hifina rr rfiu

28

28

18

98

t6.3

16.3

10.3

57 .1

qrJn:oildo drl#lurruflorfiunauqul:nldrnoonssnlulrq rSoudnarrtt{'ltrJiurlql

u',odqu ngourflogouav s2.6 hiiinerurfiulurduud $ouac 8. I iinarruriludr hle rno$

rfluqrJnraildodne:ufi'ltrurndqn (nr:rud zl

"r n od z qrln:dl duiil f;l uo ruflo.rffunauqrl :nl {r doassnl uI :.r r isudne: ufl'lt

ur ofiqt ( o'r nilr nnlrjrtss I

I

aloiln o tu?lt issac

1. hlars'ei

2. roRdl: rrpiurflrL

3. qiru'onr: riuunrrasu

4. hifinarr rfiu

l4

t2

4

70

8.1

7.0

2.3

82 .6


cirufi r

8l

ruonr :t r n: rsdfloffuu:s g s1 ol udrun r :ilfiffi I r u to{ Rgou'tffsI :t r3 suffsilfa

rlqurrfi lunr :flosffu neugllrnl{rdoaoonlul:a r?su

0'rRn'rr'rud s eirul4i$ouav 64.5 xo{ngourriol:st€uuiiu:rglloludrunr:rlfrrifitru

flosfiunalqrlrn'ldrfionoontulrr risulurf;rurn rac$ooas Es. s iittrlglltlurf;.rau

otr'rud g :cduur{g.rlolunrrrJq'fifirruruo.qngourriolrq riuu f,lufnrlr;lltfi lutru

ila s fiunailqu I r n'[{ r a'onson lul ; r r 6 tlu

: s ffuu r s g s'l ol un r :rJfirifi r r u o l ll?u 2):osoc

rfiruen (

rfisau (

nsuuu )

ncuuu )

41 .3

58.7

>84

<84

7l

l0l

I : gA S.D. = 0.49

drirn:rsfursgllolunr:ilfrrifi{ru no{ngourriol:trSouluucinsflof,u nudrluriaucro.t

floi'sdrqu ngourriuosfiu:rgrlo rf;Eaulunr:rlfrfiorru ludruriurfioudldflu narudur{uf,

fiuqnoalurriaorru rasdRlnnr:rirqru Inufiut{g{rlotfiruan ludrudttturilnrrtru uIu

ll'r uR'r ruiur t n? rufunt tur ru udsn't:rildlriqrr

itoffugrlo yru'ir ogourriofiu:.rgslolunrrrlfirifirrutf;lau ludrunerrudr t$otoqqru

nrrldfunrrsoufufiufio uagdns*ruludrJg'ri6 lnofiu:sgrlo rfiqtanlunr:rJfiri6rru dru

Ionradrtrrhlunrirdotr{11.10?rufufrnrouuasR'rrr{surnutst lnuvrudr firr:sgtlorf;lau

lunrsrlfrrifirru{foqfiunruqul:nldrdonsonlulrtt€ouriu ngourr?sfinarlrfiuir tflunr:

lfius ruluna rruirfinrouul R r fiuhj J o q e s a J ta-a - J14.rr luil0tul{ [t { r toilnilaun{ 1uu{x1nil{qno1 ntuas

qrJn:air odo.rfis r udu u 1#dr crir u lun r rrlfrrifi r rudt nrir a ilr snsufiutri'tdf,unr rrd rtfiolu

nr rilr srtru{'ruo rnqnal Rrrr'rn 1 rilqr rririina: ({o s, {ozo, {oz l, uasilozz) : r 0as t 60n

rLrrnglu Rrnruu?R {.Copyright by Mahidol University

82

ciaufi I ruanr:?rn:lcrinrrrunssrutunrrrlfirif,rru{o{RgourfrsI:trisulusruflosffunau

qul{ r ilsoosnlul : s r?su

lunr:6frunfrd narrun$orulunr:rlfirifi{1uto{nEourrisl:l risuilrcnoudas r dl

urjt rieo 6o

t . na rrf r dsq Irn'ldt donoon

2 . R'r r iufunlrntor ng ou rriu I r s ri uulur ru{lst fiuuavnatqt I: nld r a'enoon

I . riaunfisiouytu'tyltlo{t n gour rio I r I ti uu

nan r :i r n: r cdfre trrl:dss

4. 1 . t nanr:i tn:rcdnrrHf riotl:n'l{rilsnosn

0rflnr:rud g $ouns 02.8 ro{ngourriol:q tSou osiirsdlnrrtf rdot

I:nl{rf,onoono$lu:cdrrilrunarr ro{a{u't0sflnarrufo1ilu:vduql$ouas 27 -3 uacfi

rfis q isgac a . e dfin? r rf r io r l:nlc? r f,onoono qi lur cd'ilgi r riauhtqiovfine rruflnr t dru: c

ilrninsr rfluodr{6 d'rrrlrouonldfirar rlrq nrjru rdol qrin-ntt R't:rlfrrifiAa rdo rn^nnr:6n

Irn uasiinr:r{rfrnutrrir rnrvfiu{qlaro rdsi rnrrsrf'$'lttuflnril:rudo ocnudr 6rrrrl

daulnqjrorngourriolrs riuurcfinerlfdrurvurn?nsrcrolltn'[{tdonssn eqilurvdurlru

j1ar{ geingourriof,rcrrnnaruf lurdsrdunnoto{Ilniidrororirl#{dhudtnrold d1 lilq

drfrqror n r :n r o o r nr :drfiqror 1:n rlfinio'rl,o{ct1 r r ofidfiqvrt'*', u.r oqorft q o uagdRsus

fif,ororq{ar0 :'r0asr6onclsrnrrrf rdor'ldrdsnssntosngourriu dodr$uRcl1ilrrucle

rJ:rng lunrnfluan s.

,.r r.r od q : cfiune ruf r do r l:n'hir tionoonto sn gourfu l r q r? uuf,silinrJqlr r{i

r cduna tuf, r dot l:nl{ t fiosoon ,il ruau $s unc

rlo u

ilrunar s

il't n

(0-8( g -r7

(18 -2s

ncuuu )

nsuuu )

nsuuu )

9.9

62 .8

27 .3

t7

108

47

i : 14.72 S.D. = 3.92Copyright by Mahidol University

83

4 . | .z Honlr? tnr'tcrinrrYuf;unurntolngourfsl:'r r?su

oroo',r,ud l0 nldrngourriuJ:lrisu$osas 6I finr:SuflnillYlfitrourrislu

drunrrfloqfiugacnerqllrn'l{ra^onoonlulrrrSuulurcfiuqr rilnr:rl:vrfiuilqr'rr ?l{llell.l

uacf,ndruruuRr:rlfirifirru ,rur{uo.rr:ar:lri nr:drfrnuurilrnrvfiu{qloro 1#r{ruusriruri

qna1n5lul:r r€ou Ino rnnrctu,iuuo'trd'r rfiouhf,rinriuurirfiontiuR'lrdrfrnuflrit rflrc

r{u{grnro'Slrfircioru'uriirl'ru drf;orrurRl:iu$uvrurntorngourriulr{ritluludrunrrflosfiu

runsn?urlulrnldrfionoonlulrs r6oudruunnrrrrsdo ocrfiudrrurnndl$ouac 60 to{lne

ourriufinrriuf,uvrurvrcirqrldd unr{utu{ud ra dl tfluunurnogourriudrunr: rflu{olrl

rinriuuldrfluf,r;rrinr6oudruqtnrn fi rfru{$o0ac 4s.4 doouiuuYturmludofi rluas

r6unrornr:fuf,lnil'tytl,o{lngourfiu{iltrnqlu R'lnnu?fl { .

rr.,r.rud to rcfitlnr:srLf,uvrurvrrorngourfisl:l r5suf,lflinilqutrfr lulrufls{riuuas

neur;uI:n'l{r 6ensonlul: I rSou

:cdunr:fu{lnurm ,fi ruru 9ouoc

riou (O-4nsuuu)ilrunarr(5-gnsttuu)illn (10 -14 osltl.lu )

l8

49

105

10.5

28.5

6l-0

7.:g.el S.D. =3.72

i . t . t nan r ii r n: r s?irTnunfisisunurnngourriul : I r ?sul ut ruflsl ffuuaunruqn

I:nl{r6ooosn

o,oo,r',ud 1l ngourriul:q riuu$ou a! 67.+ osfirigunn^e,lsuilurilngourriulrl riuu

lur ruflo r fiuneuqru I : nld r 6oooon lu r Squr n In un g our riu l r + r 6 uuo cfi n'l r uqfi l o lul rudrfi r

ngoudo c lt?na ruf r dor lr nl{r fisnson sr: snrinds duns l t to{ I:n unciin r :rJ: sarut rud6

fiurdrndrddt!1r$qt urirdsfior:arr rflurrudo ( :rsncr6onrJ:rnglunlnnu?fl t. )nrldrCopyright by Mahidol University

84

nEoulriuIirr€suocfiyisunfirfiqallurdoqnfirdnrrrlfr:ifisrurflr:vitI:n1{r6onoonlul:s

r€ ou.i r nar r flunr rusufinroucro r r drfidldal n 1 torq{ rasfine rru r dod r dol r flufrdfirJr aau

nrroldll:n1{r6onosnuda trirrfu 6toscr:cilrindtdun:1uflo{Itnd

r',r', ud t t rcdufraunfitolngorurriolr t tisuf,lmfnrlvtrrutrfi

ilo r fiunauqruI rn'[d t aoonoon lul s I ri uu

r gr dqnoilillj'l 111,1il 1 1l l1.l{'l u

@ v arsnilnf,un9l ,fi ruau $oaas

oaailflunn r s{u?R

rinunfi r f,rar

4r.87 ncuuu )

41.97 nvuuil )

(>

(<

116

56

67 .4

32.6

41 .87 s.D. 12.39

4. 2 flEnlti rn:rrr{rdurrrufraurl:dss r {rdasfruI0'rnn1r1{yr tz nrdoiinr::rldanrJ:tiou g dr lnarrf,rdotlrn'ldt6onoon nrrf,u

firnuryrn g ourfu ilasfraunBs{suvru ryrur?rdto t n gour rio ) r dr da ufiu o c ldfl a r ril r fluna r ru

ngorurorngourrTolurru{lorfiunauqul:n'l{r6onssn lul:qrisuilrcouf,nur6'tlrfnrJqltrfi

du^uo,:?rn:rgf fludr riruhnqj$ouas 68.6 {o{ngourriofinarr.ln9otlulruflotfiuaauqru

I:nlciriionoontultl rSuuoqilurcfiildrunarr ro{ru'rldurinarrun9orulursduriou uasfl?1tr

ngollurcduilrn n'o$ouaa 22. t uny9. t nrrudrdu Iounudrrir r*dunuuuruuun?rlnlou

rorngourfiolur ruflorfiuaeuqrlrnl{rdsneonlulrr riuurrirfiu 66.47 nsrruu rirurduq

[lJilu'rnrglu 18.43


85

n1r1{d l2 r cfruna r rlfi9ou lun r rrJfirifirlu{o { n Aour rio I r q t 3 uu lut ru{lo I fiunauqul r n

'l{ r donoonlulr s rF uu 6'lrfnrlqrut tfi

r gfruna rrn9outs q n gou rrio I : I t3 ou ,il ruau 9osac

riou (27-47 nstruu)

ilrunarq ( 48-84 nguuu)

il'rR (85-95 nstlull)

38

ll8

t6

22 .1

68.6

9.3

V : ee.47 nsuilu S.D. 18.43 max : 95 min : 27


86

cirufi s nnnr:?tn:rcltnrrlffilf,udrclrirritoffsreir.rlfifiEraeioRarrn{oruso{ne

ourfislrt r?sulu.rrufloqffunauqruIrnlfir6oason'lul:r r?sudrcau6lncr los$dr rilu

5.tnr:?rn:rct{Insl# cnl-sqrare test (nrtr.rd 13)

5. l. I flofiodruqnna nudr orq o1q5rxR1x $asrsosrauldtl5ri6lrur{lung

surfisiina rruduf;uf,firlnr run$oruto r ngourfs lus ruflor fiunruqulrnldr aooeoonlul: r rE uu

il:cnilflnur daurir P-value < o.o5

s . 1 . z fl o frs lun r rrlq'rifi s ru rud r 6 rutufra h.raouriodrJn rr{'il ruaufr luq gio

a d ra-aor fioufirl6rinn o n: rruflor fiunruqru I r n ld r f,snosn n r:nldflun r cf,nouru unsR'r:'ldf,un r r

u^netru finrrrdufr'udfiunrrun$oilcrsrngourfo lusruflorfiunarqruI:n'ldrf,onosnlulrr

riourJ:couflnur daorir p-va lue < 0.05 do iaqlqrlnraiuaa rnfifiorddariudqunl: r€ou

nrrasuriu flud1ils'r0osruyrrfluilsfrsrdsadfinarrdurfuf,fiunarrngsurolngourriu lusru

florfiuuacnauqrlrn'ldrdonosnlulrrriuu ciruilofionrrrJ6'rin'r'ruu^ut hiiinarrufruf,uffi'u

narunlourolngourrio"r (rroac r6snilrrnqlunrnruu?n { . )

5. I.3 flofrourrgtlo nudr ri.rilofrodrnuuavilrfiourrgrlr fiarrrdur{udfil

nz r run$suto ln gour r?o lur rufls r fiunauqrl:n'l{ r aosnson luI r I r i uuilr soruf,nu r daorir

P-Va l ue <0.0001


n 1r 1{d 13

87

n? tudufirf,r gnd r lilo fissir stdfiflaiona r rngalto lngour rTol: q r € oulul ru

flor fruneuqulrnl{r fionosn i'luforlqur rfi

: sfiuRa r un$ouc,o q n gourrlo I: I r 6 ou

ilof,o

rlso

druau

( 9soag )

rlruna r r

,fi ru:u

( 9osac )

U'IR

d ruau

( 9ssac )

chi -

Square

dr P-value

ilqfiorhuqnaa

l.rnf,

u]0

r|q'l

2.o'rg

zs-:s fl

36+ fl3 .3rO',rUn'rilrrurd

Icn

hilaa

+.6ruauqnr

fiqnr

'hiiir;nr

s.rsdunrrFlncrlrra.ln'rR?'rurqq'rnt

e(23.7)

2e(76..3)

s(13.2)

33(86.8)

6(r5.8)

32(84.2)

10(26.3)

28(73 .7 )

7(1E.4)

3l(81.6)

l5(12.7)

103(87.3)

28(23 .7 )

8e(76.3)

27 (22.9'

9t (77 . t',)

36(30. s)

82(6e.s)

l'8(15.3)

r00(84.7)

1(6.3)

l5(93.8)

6(37.5)

1o(62.5)

3(18.8)

13(81.3)

6(37.s)

10(62.s)

1(6 .2)

r5(e3.8)

3.7604 0. 1525

15.8296 0 . 0147'

0.9242 o .6299

0 . 6812 0.7113

rligrn€rof agrndr

l .3054 0.5206


88

n1r1{d 13 (gio)

r sdiln? 1ilnfsilrls tnEeur riolr s t 3 su

rlss ilruna r r U'IR

ilof,u druru 6ruau drutu chi - df P-value

(9soac) (9ssnc) ($ouac) square

6.O1qt'rsR1t

1-10 fl

rr-20 il2r+ fl

4(10.5) 14(11.9) 4(2s.0) ll.8l14 4 0.0188'

r7(44.7) 7s(66.s) lo(62.5)

r7 (44 .7 ) 2s (2r .2) 2(r2 . s)

ll(28.9) 80(67.8) l0(62.5) 19.s030 4 0.0006'

l2(31.6) 22(r8.6) 3(18.8)

l5(3e.5) 16(13.6) 3(18.8)

7 . E csvr .uldil6tifi r ru r flun gour rTol r r r ? ou

l-s il6-10 fl

11+ fl

e.rrold

5000-10,000 ll1yt 6(15.8) 50(42.4) 11(68.8) 4.4496 4 0.348s

10,001-15,000u11t 2t(73.7) 60(50.8) 4(25.0)

15,001+ 4(10.s) e( 6.8) r(6.3)6 s O lA6lJ000 tlrR't tilniln{'lu

t . d ruaurin r€ sud

uaun.{'ru

40 - 400 32(84.z',) 92(78.0) 14(87.s) r.2941 2 O.s23s

4ol+ 6(1s.8) 26(22.0) 2(r2.s',)

z.fiellraouldrjnrr{

5-20slJ.tdilarr{rs(so.0) 2s(72.s) 4(56.3) t.5281 2 0.0231'

21+ $u.tffiJarr{ rq(50.0) 8e(7s.4) l2(43.8)


89

nlrl{d l3 (eio)

rrduna rungou$o{ngourriolr s risu

fiou rhunar{ il'rR

ilofro drueu druau druau chi - df P-value

($soacl llooas) ($ounc) Square

r .6ruauftturdrlfirifi

fionrrur/ rn'ou

r-r0 ru.lrfiou 35(92.1.) 48(40.2) 4(2s.0) 35.85ss 4 0.0001'

l1+ vu.lr6ou 3( 7.9') 67(s6.8) r2(75.0)

a. nrs'ldfunr:flnouru

ldfu 3l(sl.6) 63(53.4) 10(62.s) 9.s8s2 z 0.0082'

hildfl z(re.+) s5(46.6) 6(32.5)

s.nrrldirnrrfirnssru

ldiu tg 34.2) 6z(s6.8) l2(?5.0) s.1663 z 0.0102+

lrildfu 2s(65.8) sr(43.2) A(zs.ol

riso u 1R

flqfro drueu 6ruau chi - df P-value

(9ooac) (fooac) Square

ilrflou:rnrlo

-

flrfrudrnu Lz2( 20.9) s0(29. l) 32.2s76 2 <.0001'

flodsurrgrlo s2(s3.s) Bo(46.s)

t P-value < 0.05


90

s . 2 fl aR r :? r n: r c#nr r ufiufiud : cni r rfl offsri r I 1fifi Haeionr r run{olto t n g our ffo

Irs r?sulurruflorfiunrugulrol{r6oooonlulrr r?sud:coilfrnur Ins'lf;nr:i tn:rsr{ilra

rirffilrJ:s?niauffuriud(p""tson Produc t Momen t Corre I at I on)

s . 2 . I flofiudauqnnafinaruduf,udfiunrrutgoutolngourriol: t t€oulus ru

ils r fiunauqu I : n'[d t a'onson

I ) drunrruf, rlsslrnl{r6oassn ludauflo6'uriauqnnnnud r

- o 1 q nilri 1 f,urJ c cfinf,andruf;uddfi riod r dqn r t a66fiun a r l f r d o I I : n'tqi r f, o n

oon (r:-0.2517,p<0.001)?til10n?1ildr ngourriudfiu'tqr'todu osil:rngnrrilfrdssl:n

'[{ r 6s o s o nrls o a s

- r s 0 s,,r u'r dil5fi6 l r u r flun g ou r riu flufi r drurl r sfurdandur{ufdfi riud l 6'qn r l

e66fiunarruf,rdorl:n't{rdsnosn ( r=-0 .rgr't,P<0.05 ) ?rillonarudr ngourriudfi:sos

r?a.rflo{n'rrrl6^ri6rrurflungourrioururu ovilrrngnartf rdoll:n'ldrdsnoonrlsonq

cirudrgr1roau.lrsqfloSotiruqnna hinurirdurJ:cf,ni'afldurtuddfiriudrfiqnrIc66

frrtnr rrf, rfer lcnl{t 6snson

z, dr un r r iuf,unur nto s n g our ffo'l ur rufl o r flunruqul t nl { r 6oooo n

luriau fl n fruriruqnnanud r

- r ns nuri rdrurJ: cfindaudufiu#dfi riod r fiqn r la66 fir.rn r r fllf;unu r nto { n I

ourriu (r:0.1735,p<0.05) fir|lunaru'i1 ngoulrisdrflurneu{tnufinrliilfunurnlu

q r ufl s q fiun alqru I : n I d r 6on o o n 1 dd n'i r n g au r litr t llfft'l t

- r c0 s r ra r lun r rrlfrrifir r u r flun gour rio uueir drurJ: cfindat{frur{uddfiriuA r

fi'qvrrla66fiunrrYufuvrrrnrolngourriu (r: -0.1875 ,P< 0.05)fiultlnarldltsusr?41

drr.,ndulunr:rlfiffirrurflungourrio rarirhflngourriuil:lnqntrfufunlrnluqru{lo.rfiuntu

qruI r n'ld r 6onsonrlooa t

tiaud'agrJrdu'tc,orilo6'ori:uqnna lriuurirdrurJ:sfinf,aradrufiuddftrfuardqnI.r46fi

fiun r r iufunu'rYriro { n g our riu

r ) 6r ufinunfiisunurnnfi r dtou n gour frul ut r ufl o.r ffu nruqruI tn'l { r 6sooo n

ludeusro q ilt f, odauqnnanld r


91

- r 1fr ?rll i r drur1 r c fiilde?rdilr{ufdfi riu a r daJvn r e6fi fiirisun 6d ounl r nnrir d

ngourrio (r:0.177s, p< 0.05 ) ilillunerudr ngourriorflrtr6rccrl:rngriaunfiddris

unrrnmlrdnuuoguurriolul ruflor fiunruqrlrnt{ r 6snoonu I nnd r ngou'ttitl tnctr u

- r c 0 c r a o r lun r r rlfirifi r'ru r flun g ou r ris nlri r drlrl r ctil f,a?tdurf,'ufdiirisd r

fiqnrlafifiriufr'aunficiouyrurnnrlrdtotngourrio ( r:- 9 .2t28,P< 0. 05) l{ll'l0n?rudr ng

ourriodfi:c0cr?a.rlunr:rlflrifirrurflungourriuilruru ocil:rnqrinunfidounurntrildluvrrq

ail u 1 nnd r n g ou r riudfi : s 0 c I ? a 1 lun r rrl6'ri6 I lu r flun g ou r fo

4l Re r rn{srror n gour fruI rc r t uul uvr ufl ot ffuntuqul r nl {r 6oqos n

rdsfio.rrilrn?rilngoucrosngourriol:rrS0ulurrufloqfiunalqlI:n1{rf,onoon Ieunrrran

6'aurlr rio o tudautoqilo fioriaurlnnnnld r

r na nlri r drrJ : cfin f,ailri'u*ufdfi riu d r dqqn r I a66 fiun e r ut $out o I n g

ourfolrl r€oululruilstflunatqulrnl{rfioeoofl (r:0 .1764,P<0.05) l'turunarudr ng

ourriudrflursrovrlrrnanxrlil$oulusru{laqfiunruqulrn'l{r6onoonlul:lr6ouurnndrng

aurriocr u

- ot q nuri rdurJ:cfinfafldilfiuddfirioArA'qnr la6fi fiina run$ouxo{nA

ourriulut ru{lotfi'unauqruI:n'l{rilonsanlultl risu ( 1:-0 .1827,P<0.05) nlJlonrrrud't

ngourriodfiorqrloo ovrl:rnqnarrungorlurruflorfiunalqllraldr6onoonlulrqr€uurJln

nd rngourriufifiu', gu't o

- Icsu r rorfir!fiffiIrungourfiu nurird'rurJrsfinf,andufiuf,fi'unerrun$ol

rolngourriululruf,otfiunauqulrnnhlrdsnoon (r:-0.1846, P<0.05) l'lulunrrr|'lr ng

surriudfir v 0s r ?a rrlfrrifir run gou rrisrrurur ailr 1Rqn? 1un$oru lul ruflo I fiunalqilI: n'[{

r do n o a n t u I : s r € oufs u n d I n g ou r riodii r c s g t a a r ilfrrifi t r un g ou r riudun d r

rlaudaurjrdulrorilo f,orlauqnna'hinurirdrurl: cfinf,eicAuryufdfiriudr dqnr lafifi

fiun a r rungoullo { n Aour ris lur rufl o r fiun auqu l r n l{ r 6onson lul r t r i uurl: couf, ns r


>

92

n1:1{d 14 i r drurJr cfi,r^'audufit f : cild r I n r r run9orlro {t n I ou r rTs 1 r t r 6 ou

fiuflof,uriauqnna

flofladaurlnna

or ruf, r dscl rn

l{r 6snoon

nr rYuf,unurn

torngourfru

I:r r?su

faunf,dounrrdilrnflillilll0il

ngourfro

Ra runlsutsr

ngourffo

I rs r?su

P-va I ue P-value P-va I ue P-va I ue

rflf,

olq

dolunlildurd

d ruruqnra4A

?f,R1 rfRsl tuoA .-oatrililaunrlto'rr

ldnr rdnurgtqn

o l rlr'r$R 1tA ta*tc0v r ?alnuailgl

{ lUngoulriu

:rold

.1000 .t943

- .25t7 . 0013'

.0652 .3977

.0849 .27t4

-.0410 .5949

.1735 .0209'

-.t212 .tl5l.120t .L164

.1015 .1875

-.0516 .5034

.1775 .0169'

-.t496 .0515

-.0267 .7294

.0rt6.t094-.0713 .3551

.1764 .0156'

-.1827 .0197'

.0476 .5385

. l0l3 .1900

- .0433 .s76r

-.02a9 .7859

- .0060 .937 5

-.1917 .0139'

- .0541 .483s

-.0527 .4944

-.1875 .0127'

-.0410 .5949

-.1 156 .1331

- .2328 .0018'

-.0728 .3463

.0110 .8866

-.1846 .0189'

.0379 .6231 - .1 145 .1369 -.r373 .0740 - .0473 . s408

P-value < 0.05


93

s.2.2 ilofisludrunr:rl6'rin'r'ru iinarudur{udfiinaruu9outorngourfslrqrioulu

q rurlsrf,unauqulrn'ldrdsnoonlulrr risuilrcnuf,nur (nr:rtd I s)

t ) druna rrrf, r io r I :nl d r 6oaos n luciauto silo frs ludrun r rrJfrrifit ru'lrinu

d riiilofislaiinurirdurlrcf,nf,aildu*'ufiifituardqnr radfifiunr rlf r iosl:n1{r iionoon

z) drunr:iuf,unurn'lurruflorffunaugulrnl{r 6ssoon lurfruqorflrf,slu9 lasa an'riln'trilailn{ 1il Tru?'l

6 ruru*rIu{ dou / frrJa r ri n:LrirdurJ: sa^ni"amdru*u#dfiriuAr fiqnr ra66

fiunr:iuflvrurnrorngourfuluqruflosdunauqulrnl{rdsnoon ( r:0.t784, P<0.01 )

ril10n? rud rogourriudfidatilsaouldilnrr{rurnrsrir 1#nr: fufunurnrorngouriiugudu

,irurufrrIlr I riioufirlflrififion:rrufl0sffun:uqll:nl{r ilonoon nurire l a ac e e eAan o s aacdlrJrsdniandrrluffifiriodrfiqnrrao'n'fiunrriufunurntosogourr7o lurruflsrfiunruqulrn

'[{rfionoon (r=0. rs42,P<0.05) fiu10n?rudr nr:rlfirififisnrrrflolriuoauqrlrnl{r6oe- A o q9 q I - 3

o o n1 o { n I ou'r u 0 0 { il 1 R 0 sn'r tl,rR 1 t r lJ ! ultll 1 Ytxo { n I ou 1 il 0 u'r Rl,u

- n r :'l 6Yu n r :fl n eu: u nuri r durj : c?fl f;'aildurryu,frdfirfua r dqvr r .r 46fi fi'un r r

f,lfrvru rnto r n gourfu tur ru{lo r f,unrur;ul rn ld r dsnoon ( r:0 . 1 6 50, p<0 . 0 5 ) ?ru r 0n? 1 rl

iragourrTud'ldfuo'rrflnaurrrrn ociinr:fufunrrnlurruflorfiunruqulrn'l{rdonoonrurn

nd r n g ou r rludldfuo', rfi nsu rrudo o

riau6'aurJ:du1ro{ilr f,odrunr:rJfirifir runhinurir drurJ: cd'nr'"dildrurfufdiriodr dqnr r

a66fiun r : iuflvru rnror ng ourfo

s ) dr ufi'nunfidounur nrnir drs t n g ou r fru I r r r ? s,ul u{ r ufl s r ffunr uqruI : nl {A q I q v 9 lasa .

r aonoon lild?lruo{1J00sa'rufl 'tru0!n{ lu ltlJ?'l

6 r ua u*r I l { dou / ffrJo r ri nlri r durJ r v dvrfendrurryufdfi rfs A r dqvr r r 466 filfrnunsr'eioilnlrvrndrdtorngourfiulurrurlosfiunarqruIrn'[r?rdsnoon (r:0.1900,p<0.05)

uur0n?1rldr nrriir?rllraouldrJnrr{durodunuuogourriu ocrlrl#fifiaunGcisunurvrrr?rd

lur ruilo{ fiunrlqul:o1{r 6onoanlulr l ri t,uq.rdu

dru6'aurJrdulro.rilofrodrunr:rJfrrifi.rru hinudrdurJ:cfindandlrf,'ufdfiriudr6'q

nrsa6o'fiufrauofidounurnurhdngourrioluqruflssf,unauqulrn'hira'onosnlulr.r r5ourJ:cnn

f,nur Copyright by Mahidol University

94

4 ) n? r ilil{oilro{ nA our ffsl r r r ?uul ur r uflo { ffunauqll : n'l { r 6sooonl uI : s

r?suil:c$il;lnur

r don^o 1rfl1n? riln$suclo rngourrio lut ruflo s fiunauqrulrnl{ t 6snosnlas

: ardr urJr ti o u ludruto s ilt fi udrun r rrlfrrifi s ru flrrd r

-,ir uru*rIrur ooul firJo rr{ nurirf,rurJr cfinfaudilfiuddfiriuar Aqnr la66fil

narlngsrrorngourfiulurruflsrfiuneuqul:n'ldrfionosnlul:lt30u (r=0.1773,P<0.05)

uu'r0n?rrudr ngourrTudfi'firurufralruraou/d:Jsrfrurn ncfinaruvr$sruluqruflolfiulrnl{

r aoo n o o n 1 u I r I t € 0 uil r n n d r n g ou r riudfi 6 r ur ufra 1 ru I aou I d'rJn r r{rlo 0

- 6 I uau*r I rut I r doufirJfl rYfift o n t rlfl o t fruntuqul : nl fi r a'o nso nl uI : t r ? su

rrurirdurlrsfn#andugufdfiriuArdqnr la66fiuna run$oruts.tngourritl luq ruflo lfiunauqrul:n

'ldrdanoon ( r=0. 1908,p<0.0t ) mulunrrrudr ngourriudtJ5tififioorrlflssfiuneuqruIrn

'[{ r 6snso nil r no cfi nr r ruu$suu'r nn d r n g ou r fiufiilg^ffi fi o n r r uqdo u

- n r : I diun r : 0 r nq r r u rnuri r a'rurj r sfiyrdandufiufdiiriod r dqn r t e66fiin a 1 ru

ilgsurosngourriolusruflolfiunerLqrulrnt{rfionsan (r:0.1769,P<0.05) nrurunarudr

- du9-nloillilor !nrunlrfirmcrrurrnosfinrrungorlurruflorriunauqtl:n'l{rf,onoonlul:t risu

ru r nnd r n gourrisdldirn r rfi r nar rurlo u

ciaudaurJrdul'lrinurirdrrJr sfindaradur{uddfiriudr6'qnr ta6o^fiuna run9outol ng

sur fiu lut rufl s s 6'un euqru I r n'l{ r fionosn lul c I r i uurJr saldnu r


95

n 1:1{d 15 rirdrurJr sfinfaudtr{uf,: c?rd r lna rtn9ouro{ n goulrio l:.r r5 ou

riuilt 6's dr un r r rlfrrifi I ru

flodsfrrunt:

uCIun{ ru

oarlfr{otIrnld r 6oeoon

nr rfufunurn

rolngourffu

I:u€su

fraunfideun

urntrfirdtot

ngourfru

Rarunlstsol

ngourffo

Its r?uu

P-va I ue P-value P-va I ue P-va I ue

6ruru u:.fifir - .1237 .1080

fiotsulu r. r.

6ruaurt.6toul .0591 .4436

drjarri. J to-odrurutu.frila-il!{ .0712 .356l

fion:ruc I r6ou

nrrldiunr:fln

outil

n r:nldfun r r

firngr ru

. 0015 .9844 - .rosz . issz -.0117 .8796

.1784 .0099' 1900 .0041' .t773 .0141'

t524 .0328' 1034 .1820 I 908 . 0097'

.a725 .3470 . 1650 .0176' .0910 .2405 .0959 .2159

1 ls9 .1322 1263 . I 038 .1r27 .1458 .1769 .0151'

t P-value < 0.05

s . z .3 ilo frour r g I 1r lun r rrlfirifir rufisra r ldufiuf,fiun? tun9oilto lngourtio luq ru

flslfiunauqll:n'l{rdsnssnlulrr r€suilrcouflnsr (nrt'tud t o)

I ) drunr rrf r io.rI rnl{r 6saoon ludruc,otilofrsur t gl 1 o lun r rrlfirifi I ru

_ito ffurfl r qil (Hy c i en e Fa c t o r s ) nrri r durJr sfivrdendlfiufdfiriod r fiqn r I

a66fiuna.rufrfoslrnldrfionosn (r=0.3828,P<0.05) l{lllunarudl qgoulriudfiilsf,o

tf'r noqo osdr ldilnr ruf, rdolltnlq?ra^onssnqrdao

tnlJ?'r


96

-flofiugrlo (Mot i vat or Fac to rs ) nurirdurJrsfivrdalrdrufiufdfirfuarAal

yrrtafin^fiunarrufrdoql:n'[drdonoon(r=0.3001,P<0.05) ilil10n?tild1 ngoulriudfiilofio

ur r gr 1 oqr o cdr l#fi nr rtf, r do I Irn'l{ r donoongtdrtl

2) dr un r r Yufiunurnngour ffol ur r ufl o r frunruqruI tnl d r 6oooo n luriaucro.t

ilo 6'u$r s gr to lunr :rlfirifit ru nud r

-floffarfl rqu (Hyg i ene Fac t o rs ) T{rldrdilrhcdnfafldurf,ufdfiriodrdqmr t

afififiunr:fufunurnrolngourfiu (r=Q .462s,P<0.001) ilulsnarudr nrrfiilofludlquq{

o rri r 1 #n g ou r rTuiin r r Yu flunu r vr 1 u s I ufl o.r fiun auqru I : n 1 { r fi o n o o nq I da o

-floffuurrgr1o (Mot ivat or Factor s ) nlrirdil:Jrcfivrdarndrur{uddfirfuAr

f,qvrrrafififrunrrilfunutytflo{nAoil1rio(r:0.3237,P<0.05)mrurtlnrrldr ngourriodfiurl

grloqrovfinrriufuvrurmlurruflorfiirnauqrlrn'ldtaoonoongtndrngourrTodfi,,trgtlodr

: ) rTr ufiqunfi dsunu r nurir fi n g our frs srl us r ufl o r ffunaugll : nl { r 6 sa s o n

ludaursrilo fruur t g t 1o lun r:rlfirifis ru nud r

- itoffudrqu (Hyg i ene Fac to rs ) uurirdlrl:cf;nf;"andrur{uddfitiudrdqnr t

a6fi fi:rfrounfisio:lvru rmn gour$u lul ru{lo s dunruqruI r n1{ r doeoon ( r:0 . 6 48 6, P<0 . 0 0 1 )

?ru'r0n?rudrn;ourrTsdfiilofrst{'tququ ocfifiaunn^ddciouililrilndrdlulluflosfiunauqruIrnld

r 6lsnosnru r nnd r n g our rfudfiilo 6'u,f, ', qud',

- itoffo u:.r g s l o (Mo t i v a t o rF a c t o r s ) n:Lri rdilrJ: cfvri'arf,ur{ufdfiritldr Aq

flr raficr'fiuriaun6cisufl!lrngourrisluq ruflsrf,unauqrul:nldt donson ( r = 0 .2634 ,

p:0.00I3)?rilIonarrudr nrriiilof,ourIgl1oqr ovrirh?ngourfofifraunfidouilrrillusru

{lo s fiunailqrl rn Id r f, onoonqs da u

4 ) na r runiorto rn gour ffsl : r r 3 sul ur r ufls r ffunrugrul : nl{ r 6sns s nl ul : t r? su

rJ: voruf,nsr

r rucofio'r rfl 'r n? r ilfl 9oilc,o r n g ou r r3u lur rufl o q fiunruqu 1 r n td r 6onoon I n 0 r ail

6"1 urJr tio srfr : dr tudauto tilo o-otrr I g t 1 o lun r :rJfrrifil ru nud r


97

_flofladrqu (Hye i ene Fac to rs ) nlrirdurJrcflnf,elrdr*'ufdfrriodrdqnr t

efififiuoarun$stralngourriolulruflolfiunuqruIrnldr6isnoonlulrs rSou ( r=0 .s749,

p<0.001) ilu10n?rudr ngourriodfiilofrodlququ scfinrtlngoululrufloldun:uqul:n'[{

r 6snssnluT r r r ? uuu r nnd r n geurriudfiilr dodt qud t

-flo ffu ur I g ll o (Mo t i v a t o r F a c t o r s ) flrlri r drrl: cinf,erf,ifiu'fdfi riod r 6q

nr ra66fiuna run$otro{r nEoil'trio luq ruflo tfiuneuqul: o'l{ r 6onssnlul r I r:'uu ( r=0 . 3 43 0 ,

p<0.00I )rturunarudr ogourriudfiile fiourrgr1ogre aiinarun$sulusruflelfiunauqruIrn

ld r 6onso n lu T r t t ? uur r nnd r n g our riodfi ilo f, our r g I 1 oei r

o'rrrod te ri r dlrl: cdni'anAu*udr cild r I na r un$olto I n g ou r ris I r I r 3 ou fiuilo fr o g I 1 o

lunrnlfrrifir ru

floffugs'lolu

nrrruf,r *osl rn

1{r 6oeson

nr riufunurn

rorngourSu

Irr riisu

rinunfidounr, .irrlililulnto{

ngourffa

nr run{ggto.t

. ngourfra

I:t r€autq uqn r ru0un{ ru

P-va I ue P-va I ue P-va I ue P-va I ue

ilo f,orir qu

ilofrogrlt

.3828 .0105'

.3001.0441'

.4629.0003'

.3237 .01 I 5'

.6496 <.001'

.2634.0013'

.5749 <.001'

.3430 <.001 *

'P-value < 0.001


98

cirufi e na n r ri r n r r cdaun r rrh ur gfl o ffsiiii6nSnadonr r run{olto t n g ou r fra l r l r ? uu'l ut r u

ilor frunauqll :nl {r 6sossn'luI r q r 3su

9.ran r r i r a: r vrft.rr cun r:rl rur sflo f,odfi6rrinadona r un$outol ngourrio I r c rE sulu

.r ruflosf,unauqrul:nI{rdsnsonlul: s riuu fidsd

6 . I drunaruf, r*oll:nldrdoooon

rtRflnRt ri r n: r g#nrronouuor4*ouriu"uu ( S t epwi s e Mu I t i p I e Reg re s s i on

Analysis) rcudrldruilro'arsrflulnfiuos$t{unlrlfrdoslrnl{rf,snoen nudr fifrarrrJ:d

r{rluarunrron$oCIrqodrrfiriodrfiqnrre6n'd:cdil p<0.001 'flruru z drurJr6o ur.rgllo

lunrlrlfrrifi{1u uaso'rq dualu',:arlrurunrrrrJdouurlalnaruf rdoll:nl{rfisnson'ld

$ooac 48 . 06 unsfi d r na rilna rn, oduuo l nn r :rl: curotrir na rruf r f ol l: n'l{r dsnoen rrir fiu

2. 8388 Inuiiaunrranotu*qdod (ttt'todtz)

naruf rdstl:nldtdosssn = r0.4374 + 0. 10?e(utlgltttunrrrlfrriFlru

'o.1rrr(orq)

o',r'rudrz drurlrdril!rcculunrrr4rurunaruf rfstlrn'ldtfionoontslngourriu

I:t risu t.rJqurrfi

fiurl:s?ndn'r rsqsosql.ln? uutn I fiil'l cdlt R A2 R2Adjust

B Beta

1.rrr{rgllolunrrrlfirifitru 0.1079 0.6288 0.6697 0.448s 0 .44s3

2.olq -0.1133 -0.1836 0.6933 0.4806 0-474s

constant 10.4374 F:78.2070 N-172 df=1,170

p < 0.001


99

o . 2 dr un r r fuf,unurnnrir fin gour frulus r uils s f,unruqul tnl { r 6oeso nl uI r I r t auv

o rnnanr:i r nr rcfnr ronoooilrdttuu{unou( St epwi s e Mu I t i p I e Re g r e s s i on

Analysis):cfldrsdauilr6e:gtiqilunfiunsrilun'rrfufunurnmrlrdngeurrislucruflosfiuneu

qllrn'ldrtionoonlulrt 16ou nudr iidaurlrdrdrlucunrtonoooilq stirlfiriodrfiqnrlcrfifi

drsfiu p<0.0t drueu z fiaurlr 6o u:rgrlolunrrrlfirifilru $ac'iruau.fllull r6oud

rlfirififirn:rrlflssfiunruqrlrnldriisnsonlulrrrSsu d,ta'tu'trorlruronr:rrldouuila{nr:

fufunurnufirdngourrio ld$osas 6 1 . 06 uaciirir nr'tuna'tn, uduuo. on r rdr srlralrir nr r

firf,unurnnrlrdngourr?o rrirfiu 2 .i322 leuifailnrronoosfltdfrld tnrt't udt s )

nrrfr{unurnvrrhfingourfo =

tur r ufl s r fiunruql I : nnlc? t aoonso n

-0.2384 + 0. 1208 (tt:lgslolunr:rlfrrifirrul

+o . | 47 3(,il rueult . I r doudilfrriafi onr r|Jflosfiu

nauqul:n'[dr fisnosn )

".r,.,udrs 6'rurJrdrilurcailtunrrriruronr:frf,unurnndrdngourriululrufloqfiuneu

qruIrn'ldr f,onoonlulrr ri0u tt .rJqrur rfi

fiilrl:cfrn?n1:oasos,

ffrurj:fi r fiil1ccil p2 R2Adjusr

Beta

R

B

r . u5 {r gr 1o lunrrrlfrrifit ru

z.6ruau srl. / t6ou drt5riA

ionr : u lun r :fl o I fiunauqru

l:n'l{r f,onoon

0.1208 0.7418

0.t473 0.1281

0.5951 0.5927

0.6106 0 .6060

0 .77l4

0.7814

constant = *0.2384

p value < 0.01

F: 132.551s N=172 df : 2,169


100

e .g drufisunfidsunurnnrirdngeurfrs'lusruflotffunaugtlrnldriisooso'luI:lr?su

0 1 Rflafl 1 r? r nr r sdn r ronoognquouduruu( S t epwi s e Mu I t i p I e Reg re s s i on

Analysis) rcfid'ls6'rril:6errrfunuu filncuuuriaunfir{sunlrvrtfirdnlourrTolulru{lssfiu

nauqul:n'[drdsnssnlul:rriuu nudr fi6aurJrdrr?rluaunrtonoosrlt4odrsfrdudrf,qnrt

a6fidrcdu p<0.05 6ruau r deudr 6s ur{g{lolunr:rlfirifiqru nr:'ldfunrrflnolrn

uac,f, ruru ru . t tdoudrlg'rififir nr ru{lo r dunarqul rnld r fisnosnlul r I ri oud'{cl1u'l: orlrur o

nr: rr1duuur1as?iaunBeiowrurnnrlrdnguurriol#$osav 80. ss uacfirirn?luna'tu tnduun'to

nrrd:curildrriaunficisunurnnrlrdngou'rrio rrirfil s . sr32 Inuiialnrronooonrldld

(nr 'r

rdrg )

fiaunn^ciounurnudrdngourrTo = 2.2354 + 0.4894(urlgtlolunrrrlfiri6lru)

lurruflosfiunauqulrnl{ra^on 1.0s35(n1:ldiunr:flnourru) + 0.2743

osnlulr r ri uu (uu . / r fioudrt5rififionr ruq )

o.r r'r udr g daurJrd r?lu r geulun r:rirur ufraunfidowrlrvrmrftdegoutriu lus ru{lo{ f,u

narqulrn'ldrdsneonlul: s risu t .rJqllrfi

ffurjtcSnBnr tonsos

ffrurj:ifl r fi$'r lail R R'2 R2Adj us t

B Beta

1 .frr{grlolunrrrlfirifil ru 0.4894 0.9007 0 .8922 0.7960 0 -7948

2.fl1rldfunr:flnsucu - t .053s -0.0803 0.8948 0.8007 0 .7984

l.,ilru.ru uil./l6oudrt6ria 0.2743 0.071s 0.8s7s 0.805s 0.8021

ntRS IUol

Constant: 2.2354 F = 232.A315 N: 172 df:3 , 168

p < 0.05


101

o . + dr uor r un{orro r n gour riul : o r ?su'l sr r uflo s ffun?uqill : nl{ r 6ooso n'l uI :.r

risud:vail;flncr o. rlqrurrfi

ornlnnrtirnrrsr{onouun4uuudunou(stepwise Mrilt iple Regression Analysis)

rcfld1r daurJr6ar rd.ru. fiuncuuunrlrlilgourlo{ngou1f0lu{ tuflo{ fiun?ilquItn'[{r 6on

ooniludl frfiaurlrdr{rluaunrronooofiUsrirriirioclrfiqnrla66drsdu P< 0.01 druau z

drurlr fio urrgrlolunrrrlfrrifir'ru ilavo'rqr'rtn'r, ducru't:or4rursnr: rildouurJalnaru

nlsrrsqngourriolus ruflotfiunauqulrn'ldr f,saesn'ld9osnc 60 . 00 uavfirirnarunn'tn

,oduur',nnrrrJrsurErirnrruilgsucro.rngourriorrirfiu 0.3480 lnufiailnrrnnnoonr46.rd

(n'r51udzo)

na r un$outo { o A ou'rrTs lu{ ru

fls r frunauqu I rnld r f,onson

lul: r rE su

0.6026 + 0. 0 t77 (trlrgrlelunrrrl6'rifirru)

- 0.0I05(o1q51rn15)

"', r'r udz o frrurlrd rfirur garllunr rrirur 0Rr ruflgoutotngourfolul ru{loIfiunruqru

Irnldr6onsonlulrq r€uuilrsouflnur o.rl4utrfi

ffr rrrf :fi r ilil'r sflxt

durj:vdn3nr iBnoos

Beta

j2 R2Adj us t

B

I . ur { g.r 1o lun r :rlfrrifis ru

z.drq:rsR1t

0.0177 0.74t5

-0.0105 -o.t2l4

0 .7 6s4

0.7746

0,5858 0.5834

0.6000 0 .5953

o .6026

< 0.01

constant : f = 126.7848 N- 172 df = 2, 169


t02

cirufi z Hanr:irnrrsrinrrru$riorI:nldrfioooontssrinr?su#urJ:coil6lnsrflfi l, s

uas e fftnfnrJqlr rii

olRnlrrrd zl naRrrirn:rsr{6srsdunarruf,rdolltn'[{rdonooncrosrinr€tlufruilrcorl

flnurfld a-o nu.irtiruhqjgouav oo.z rsrrinriuuiuilrsarufld +'efitcdunarruflrfotl:n

'l{rfionssno{lu:vdlilrunarr to.{a{il't $ouas re.g tsfinarruf,o{lu:cduuln uactfisl

Souac z. s dfru.ruf,lu:cdil#su

,'rr't.d zt tsfiunrrtf,rioll:n'l{rdsooonto.rrinrisu#urJ:ssuf,nurfld 4-6

ff.ruinrl4rus r fi

q ts UY 4rsniln?1ilfi t5n lt Iaonoofl ,fl rueu $s uac

riou (0-7 nsuuu)

rJrunars (8-13 flsuuil)

rJ'rR (14-17 nsllul.t)

13 2.9

271 60 .2

166 36.9

[ = 10.50 S.D. :2.47

01RR'rr?rnrrcfnarufrdorl:nldrfionosnruorrinr€uufr.,tJtcouflnur fld +-e 'flruun

o.prr.ru{o uudr rinriuudurJ:yaruflnsrfld +-o iinrrrufrdo.rltnldrf,snoonrfluotirl6lu

rdsrnrrsrlrl:n ornrrdrdqrsrlrnuacnrrFacio{sqlro rre{ndlnudrfirinti0utfttls$soac

ro.+ dnrrudqnllcdunrroiro{rlrniildodrrqnelor (:rsasr6unilrrnglunrnnil?R {)o1R

"'r r'r ud 22 nsLLuu, odu, duour rruf l tnh? t fiosoon{otrin r i t,udurJr sorudnurfld 4, sttas 6

nndr rinriuudurJ:sarfinsrfld o iinsuuunarrufrdorlrnldt6onoonru'todqt ( r4.84

nsuuu ) :ottrTduririnrsuudurj:souflnsrfld + ( l3 .71 nsuuu ) uasrinriuufrurjrsoru

dnurild s finvuuunrruflrdo.tlrnl{rdonoondrqo ( 13.20 ncuuu )


103

nr r r {d22 nruilu rqdu r doroe ruflrnl{r fiooson c,srfin r? uudud: calflnurfld + - e

orutt rodo (I') ,drir rii0r ruilillnrglil (s.D. )

I

mt

rJ. a

rJ. s

rJ. o

13.7t

13.20

14. E4

4 .47

4 .53

4.t2

r do$ r n r rnndoiln r s ao^fi In o ld on e way AhIovA nud rrin r 5 suduilr gatfl nu rfld

5 rac e iincruuna rruf rdor lrn'tdr fioaoonunnri r sfiuod r tiiriodrdqnr rafifidrcduslrrrlad

0. 000t Ino rru-onndsunaruunncir.$tsm?'! {ln't tsa0n'til?Dllo{doun?ruunndtr:cilirsdr rgdsnruaSflo{ Scheffe ilililgnt5uu{ud o A s bglilo?'urg r ro{ rrn rr'rf,onoan$nnd1 {srnfn risufulccorufnsrfld 4 $n&

t de o es odrsiirioe?rfrEnr{d66 (nrrrrfi zr)

"'rrrod zl n r : i r a r r cdna r uurf r rJ: aud'r uunn r l t 6 sato r n crililn? r r f I r o1{ r don

oonrolrin ri ouilr caudnsrfld + - o

4

P<I

lo6eilu?luRr t0usu

rjrcoudnurfld e

Source D. F. s. s. M. S. F

ssB

ssw

Total

2

447

449

359.551I

8832.9733

9t92 .5244

t79 .77 56

19.1606

0.0001

Mean

18.00

18.51

20.t0

Group

5

4

6

546


104

rs sil'r'[duriInrrisri

nlRRlrirn:rsdunrisnrrruf,drin,iuuuiurJrroudnsrfld +-e tdfllurdsrlrn'ldr6on

ooR (erls.rudzc) nud'runrirnrruftorrinrisudldfu riauh'tqildtlRngdoudtlssac r+.q

unc t frrml'tdc'tnrt*qt gssac 6 t . t unc 52 .0 nrrudrdu

".rr.rud ze druau$soas ro{n}rrirnarrf,drinrSouriurlrcnilflnsrfld a-e frlnfn

rlvlur rfi 'tdfulu rdoq 1rn1{t fionson

rttlfia{n?1ilg ldfir

6ruau ($soac)

hildiu

druru ($soac )

nEclou

uduf;u ftJarnsf

Inrfrariad<t?q to

dundr drutor

inq

firl: gaun r raio r nqrfirh o

nr c frnfin: rnnr r

r drnrhdcr!1:srq{

382 (84.9)

133 (29.6)

27s (61.1)

43 ( 9.6)

2r2 (47.r)

106 (23.6)

103 (22.e)

4e (lo.e)

234 (52.0)

68 (r5.1)

3r7 (70.4)

17s (38.9)

407 (90.4)

238 (52.e)

!44 (76.4,

347 (77.1)

40l (re. I )

216 (48.0)


105

uod s

alilHanr :?ffu ofirJ:rsHa uac{o rottoutrs

n r :frns r n9oifrflrn t :ifr u r Srdr r a o fi fnqrl: sar rir Csdnu r r sdune r runlouto r n g

sur fo I r r r 5 sulur ru{lor fiunauqul r old r 6onoon lul r s r € ourlr cauflns r d'wfnrlqrut rfi

ruacflnsrfisnaruduriuf,cro.rihf,odfinrosiooarrnflou uacfirflofiurlruronr: rrjduuurjarnaru

ngorrrlosngourriudlnrira Iaonrilrl:rnlorddonr 6ongourrisl:r riuuqnnuornl:r riou

ilrsardnurdqfindrrin{'ruRrrrJrynufrnurf,sninrlvlrurrfi 178 Irr rSou ,f,ruau 178 nu

uncfnr:'uuiurlrcordnsrfld +-6 drfindrrinrrunrrrl:snrf;nurfrrrfnrlqrurrfi + I:r tEsu

,$ruau 450 nu rn5orfisdl#lunrs rf,urrurarudorya fisuruaouo',udfref,ulda9rrdu dq

'lddrunrrns?06to1ro.',rrduuor{iro{ ru'un', (content val idi ty) udarir'l:Jurrirnarl

tdutiu(n"l iabi I i ty)Insiic,olnouutn (Coef f icient of alpha: Cronbach) finrc

rJirrlq.rmfilth{rrurcardourlrlrJldo:'s Insrdrrar:ardoryarvndrriud ts fisfiroilfi.r

5ud :I qarnrr 2538 leucroaaruiaufioorndrfnnr:ilr;orudnurffrninrlqrurrfi 1#rflurfl

cir uuueouo ru l#n gourrio I r s r€ sufr'{ilrn r flufrnounduur dr ldfudoqadarrg:oi,il ruau r7 2

sliu 6nrflu 9soac go.o

luriaurorrin ri sufuilrcouflnurfld a - o frifro rflu{i fiur au: ar{oryndaonu I o{ lnu

{?f,oriruilutrouorrud{itue f,rrduhJorulu#os rEou nrrurrof;oI:.r rioudciuld dr{orya

ilofroriaurlnna rinriuul#{oryndaur;raildrf,orgsoas 2r.so 6.r'lriarrurroirn:rrr{{orya

lurirudld nrrirn:rvr{doqalf;rndssnsufiarooflnul#IrJrunrrudr r$ogilsrsslpc* a66

dldluolr?frorosngourrTo ldnrruonuooo.,ud $ouas rir rodu rirrirugru rirgrufisu

ila cdau r du u , uuu'r err g'ru r doi r n r r v#qord'nuorgilo frudluqnnn ilt fiu drun r lrJfrrifir ru

ilofrdurrgrlolunr:rJfrri6{luuasrcdilorrungoulunrrrJfiridrrul#nrrirnrrc?iduilrcf;nf

amdlr{ud (Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient) lunrrnrnarufrru

r{uf,rcildrsilofiudrdordo'rfilnar!ilgsuqorogourr?0 uncldnr:irnrrcdonauun,4uuuofu

fio1{ (Stepwise Muttiple Regression Analysis) lun1:?ttdilR'tcfirurunrrtrldou

urJnqnalun9oil{osngourriolurruflorfiunauqruIrnl{rfionoonlulrrriuu riaunrr?-

rnr rvrfdoqac.,srrfn riuuiurJranufinsritd + -o tduuorndruflofruriauqnnarurnnrrrauqrafCopyright by Mahidol University

106

r{tu,firu:ururndr$ouns ?8.80 6srirnrr?tn:rvr{{oqadrunrrrufrdosl:n1{tdonosn

tfigrotirr r6or Inol#nrrusRuouo.',ud $osac rir rqdu uncdautduu,urrulertg'lil tn*u

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arrjruanr:?ffer

r .d'nsilsria}fuornriudaodrs il:rdr ngourf0I:t rEsu{'lr,inrJvltlriicirulnqirflu

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ivr ranrc rg arqJrirr rc6ilnrrflnurdldiuluile qriuogjlurrdurJ?qqrni (9ooac 83 .7)

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rrur{aq {tilq:sn'tt fl1uo'11415 utratrfnd

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d rdu rflufrfufinuolln: {t R't :o'tl't't : nar I iu

"ra.r uoR0 r ndn gour riu o sfi fra Iru teouilr cil r0l

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rlfrrifiuulurfirau (#ouag s8. 7)


r07

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rn$ou nudr drunrrulrf srlrn'ldtdsaoon ngourriofrnauf,rdsllrnl{t6onoonlursdu

ilrunars ($ooac 62.D funurnrrlrdngourrTo lusruf,orfrunalqrulrnh?rfionoon lu

radugs ($suac 6l.0) uasfirisunfidounurvrlrrirdlu.rruflorfrirnauqruIrn'[drfionoonlu

rfiruen ($ouac 67.4)

s . ilo fr odiin a r udruriuddun a r rngorun g ou r fis luq rufl o s fiun euqru l : n 1{ r fi o noonlu

s d a- 3tr{rtCIil ilo{u

s . I ilofrudfioarudtr{udfiunrruf rdollrnt{tfionoon trrrdr

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0=0.05 (r:-0 .2517, -0. 1917)

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n a r ruf r io r I r n 1 d t ilsnoo n o d r t firiud r fiqn r I a6n^

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rlflrifi fi e n I I ufl o I fiun euqru 1 r n'l{ r donoon lurcia c t 6ou ua s n I r'[ diun r r

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ooj @

drfiqnr sa66firsd'u c:0. os ( r=0. 1784 , r=0. I 542, t:0 .2259 ,

r=0.1650)Copyright by Mahidol University

108

-ilofruur I g s 1o lunr trJfrrifis ru nud r r{lilo fr ut{'r 1u rrnvilo ff uttr I g I 1 o fi

rirf,lrJr cf;nf;'afldufiuf,fiun r r fufuvrurnto ln gour fiu stir tfiriodr fi'qYrl Iaad q

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aol @n1{d66frtcdu a:o.Os (r:0. 1775,r:-0.2328)

-ilo{udrun r:rlfrrifit ru nud ri ruru#r futaouIdrJn rr{ firir ri'lrJr sfinf

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s . + ilofludfina ruf,ur{uf,fiuna 1uilgo!$o{nEoutfu luq ruflssfiun?uqilltnl{

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fi ri r frirJ r c ?n!^'dfi dufiudfiun r r un $oult o s n t ou I rio o d r I fi ritl d r 6'qvr r I a66

drcdu 0=0.05 (r:0. 1764,r:0.1827,r:0. 1846)

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r:0.1769)

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d:s6'u o:o.ool (r:o .5749, r:0.3430)Copyright by Mahidol University

109

6 . ilr 6'0dfi 6fl f;nnr{ rur o n r r r ild uuuila q n r r ungourus l n g our riu lul rufl o t f,un ?ilrltl

I:n'l{rfionsonlulr I r€ uu fifiqd

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florfiunarqruI:n't{rfionsonlulrs riuu 'lduri ur{g{lolunrrrlfrrio^lru uac'iruaufralil'r

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(P<0.o1)

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nrrqrl:n'l{ra'onsanlul:sr5ou dqdorfinrrrlfrriGfitn::uciroldaorfu rflunrrrfiuo,r,


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na: tflur 1uto{ r drurhdarr 1tilqct0s tililrcauilrnndr

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nrir:rrnndl t?tdulcl

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luoufirf 'r o r du r d ur du lnofru?u r r s c'ldd rfisdraa lunlildurct ilacato lun rnalrafi 'hifi na

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naqfind lnderln:(gz) dqfiudr aarunrnarrahifinrrrdufrudf,unrtrlfirifitru{olarcinr

o'ttflttlnsu'l

z.+ lfinrr6lnur riiordlrlfirifirrrnrr lfinrtiinurgsqofildiuluflogriu uacorql

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fraundionrrfirf,unurn uasn?run$orrorngourriolrq rFtlulu.rruflssf,unauqulrn'l{tfien

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113

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ourrioldrrndu dudtfot r rflur fosdrdq ilnarlas r6ondsucioinlo durf,urnlflr,oqqnna

lurrdurlfiri6srudf,sdorrl6'ri6rru:'aruflulu,du.q*o'tnoutfsdrudur tttdfiriatlq'tudfilA.

rol1q,o{frrvyrr?{d'rrrrarqrdot rdsufi'ltlnonrril:rqtrirnarur{r1c noldofumrd{otlt

uasfiorrarrdrnerrr$u'hl'ldmfohi'tdrsqnrrrJfirifi.rru fiqvduduryudtdfrovrflu{oryudltiqo

cda60{9rt{ln?'lutlju05{

4s r ai .o----l- ' -l 4a- ! t----- ---A-e3 . 0 tRnnR 1 rTiluilud r fio I iaqqiln:o[uac t niidilqi ln u t silr sil5 1 sos t uner{iln? 1u

dufiuf,fiunerun$orulunrrrlfrriGrruflssfiuoaruquIrn'ldtf,onson lulr{t6trutoIngourfu

orriuo,syrr?{crrrrrarqrdrna:rrr.Tuarlunt'rtosrunrtril:sr?uuil:souflnsrluuciasIrItitlu

hflrfiolno rdouanqdtnrrfufiqrouunsfinetruoiqlolunr:rlg^ri6studalfiu lunrrrflraru

uilds rflrvr{u{qraro unvfirudqn rfiorJcsluvrilunrrflosfiunauqll:nldra^onoonlulrs

ri ourJr snrfinsr


r2a

4 . il 1 nfi uflu{ 1iluiolfl t { R l r lnrifdo c l#n gour rTu flfi ersu ne: fi n r :rl: ; r fiuna r uf

tolfirlfiriasru uacir rfiunruf,nouru,irt6unar,fturiaudtrnl?arugroi rnAsl{rfinnrr

rlfrrifisrurflubJodrlfirJrcfrrinrn e

s . na r iin r r fi rrnrn r do l l r nl{ t tisnssn r flundnqn r *duouluir r $o sfn r i oufrur1: s

otf, nu r r Co l#n g our ris r {iuna r ud T fiqrraaeoulfin a r uf uri r 6nrin r i uuv;nnu

6.rtRnaRr:e'fr'nudr ngourtiudiirrocrrarrlfiri6ndrdngourrisuruoglinalungou

lun r :rlflrifi s rufl o I fiun.luqu I rn nld

r 6onosn luIr s t€ uudo ua s fisduna:finr:nda rrjdsu

raryu r i uun r :ri r rnh do g ou rrio r cofi rr?n g ou r f o r ndo u dr r dsrnrir o d'r hfu r na a ru iufi nrou

runrlrd nrr?r{uriouRrrrrfiri6urirdngourrludocrisrdrfisil:cf,nin',nuruddu *agfrrdrlfi

n gfi oI r'n: c6sisdu rfs fi qfi na uf druiiu r fi, r 6,6nda s

r . nr:dnurdn:rvlr rsnrsfrsninrlvprtrfiucirfislf,trnin r6or narfinrrfnsr rrliun

rfiurnarrrrgourorngourriurrq risulududdfiarr'rR'rr rfinlrn'ldrf,anoonqrfiui'duq

d rflilodolnfir tdfina rrudlf;udr,f sunn'dr lfiuori'rs'[:

z . na :iin r r dnu r 6r grluuulun r raou'ln o 1ddorfin 1nd l#na lun r rfls s fiunruqll : n

ld r n'o n o s n lul I I r 5 oul do ti r s fi rJ r vfinin r nqt qn


t . qier: r

r2lurto|rqR?il

uhrufiqd. tdrf,onoonrnrfir. ru qrurr rrroran$rrngou. qsl ficrornruas qn fieurnc. utra'f;Rr:, nq{t tnnufilunr: 6,lqf , 2s36.

z 'izin6 qqrufifiaf - l{r donson . lu r rce ranfflsrf,u. 'lnlrui {uauri6 rasnss,u:ronf;nr: . Rq{ rnnrufilunr: ernjscsrnrficd, 253r: 267 -306.

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outlldlfl 1 t sulnens 1 . d1ilnd?t tufl o{r R r r r fl r r sfl lcnn[Eir doooonlurjr c

rndlns fl.f,.250 r-2s3a. Ro{rsu'rninor nrcnr?{drsrrilqr,: oriud z,2533:90-130.

10.0{o'to roFaJ4t. 1{r6onoonlurJrgrnanlnouasuu?yn{Rrrn?uquq{ra10. r1s{.runrrrflr:sirIrnrj:c'frdilor#. sfiud zr, zs3s: 274-286.


t22

t t.rJ:sre?g nor roiq. Haemorrhagic Fevor Syndrom Epidemiology ofhaemorrhagic Fever in Thai rand. R'rrrl:vprdu{i*rnrr rjrsdritJInfrfi zs nscrflnof,ranffl?r.tilto.t!1n .u.ufina, 2529: 20t.

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2 0 . Rriln?uqrul rnfineio . ns s lcnfinciedrtil . nld

r donosn , zs36 .


r23

21.qrrfrs16 o1s1{nln. 1{rfionosn.lu d'rrrRrrcrrarinurl:nrtrhJ. nq{rnfluil.runr:

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Dengue haemorrhagic fever: Diagnosis and

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2520.

30.qtlfi larurlrvgr . rJrs{6n1rourfoIrr rEsuluilrs rndlno luftJrunru{rnrnlulr r

" r50u. a{r ryt?tru?t1uflr : lyrsf,aurr{rfiv. 252s: B-24 .

3l .duo{ dqnntlrilst, fifin aqantriluoi. {luil?nlroutriolrl riuu. fim(nftd s,

RE{ rmnilu'tllftE : lusn1:firur{, 2529.

2521-2530.

management.


t24

zz.6afr ttasaqd. dnur rrJiuurfiounaru6nrriursrfruilrrrrrasng.flarurfu dfiduunornug

ourriolrl r5 ourTluuflnur hrnnciuoon rfiu I rnfio . ?nu ru-nu#rl3gr iyrs r

. f,ranlrtilrfiMn arnrqtfinur. riarfr-ninurdo tttlrr^nurdsilfinn ,zszs: R-t.

33.qfit nlrsu:n. neru6n rriu{uinrrI:r riuuriroudfidoilnu'rRtolngourriu. inurfinud

rlFqqrnrrflnurrurriarfin. riilfininsrdu urrinordsciuniun:ilrsru

ilrsarufinr , 2s28.

34. touot rarad'nuai. uvtu'tvrxorngourliulrr riuurd0ariunr:ir rfiuq tuhJrunruqrntn

lultq 16suftuilflnur RE{ tyrfluulunr . ivruru'nuf,rJFqqrrunrrinrfn. risrficl

ivrordo. qttra{n:nfrumrinsrds, 2530.

rs.cuflnd ro?qfrud. ilqurunraarrudornrrro{ogonrfulr{risurd0afiunrrfinnr:uinrr

qtnrnlulrs tiuurirsrudnur RE{ Inilu?rlunr . insrfinuf,iliqrnqnran:

rur,rrrierfin. nrn?srttafrnur riorfiniil0r6'0. qtlra{nroirur.rrivrords, 2s30.

36.ottl1 s6rrnru6u. rrJioutiiuunarr6nt#utor{u?nr:Irrr6ouuaynE{aou?rrqrflnur

r fi o a fiun r : frnrfl r r fius r uI n r { R l rqrR'r nlu I : r r 5 oulun q { r ynur?f 'r unr . Tnu r

- dfA s - a 4 s a a v IuT{u!iltqqlnqflrdntu?t'tuoJcnn. n'tn?il'lilndnu't lj8lcnn?ilu 11i0. ?ttla{Rtsl

rrrr'nordu. 2s3t .

rz.nrfi tiog6. dutEollstorngourriolrqr€ou nr!fllrflfro.rfruinrruasngourriolrr

r S uulul r .r r ? ourir uufi nu r f,r finn r ua r riq n q { r ilnufi 'r iln r . ivro r u'nuf,rliopg r

n E d 1 dn t ilil r rinrfin . n r oic r naf; nu r risrfinivr o r 6'o . ! wt a { n soirn r in u r do,

2532 _

38.fiaur ruqofnurn:si. ilnurilro {n0 ru r aour fu I r l r 6 oiln 1 uR r : fufro r {u?ur r I r q

rSou ng fl0'rlJ'taourriulrr riuu ludrfinnq{ r?rlunt'runr . ?norfinu#rJiqqr

?vrs r nranrlmrr1ufin ( dr ! 1 rarqra r anf ) d 1 1,'rilr,lul adl !'t rstqfl . ri$fisl

iflsrdo uflrinurfisilil'nn , 2s3z: R-,u.

daltl . rffiars udruner . flr6'sur {ilrcnrrdfiHacio:cdunr rrdr r $oror r ruuinr rourfu

l:t riuululrt riuurJ:soruf,nur drfinnq{ rililil?f lilnr. inurfinudrJ?qqr

i il ti r a r an r un r riorfin ( d M r orqr a r an f ; a r r r ou r f a n : oua f r . riofficr in 0 r d's

ililrimsr6'u run^oa , 2535: fi-1,.Copyright by Mahidol University

t25

40.Thomas, Barbara. The School Nurse as a Member of the School Itrealth.

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44.otnr t01?ilt16. qifionrrr6ouiniornrrdflsl. nq{rnflrl?t'tun: : I:rfirur{rlrql

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+z.6ntr ?q?lfil. inivru'rnrtdRU'r. nq{t tlnlt?tluni : n'tneulAnivrur runr?n01fro

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53.0it,rfsnf nrunfrnef. n?rilfl9oillunrrldurunauro{urrnrlnofiunrr rfinl:nfio{ rAil

lunrrnorqurnr6n-3 r6ou.


t26

sa.fir fiiierur rrrruud. narurgollunr:aouisrnfinsrae,fnuuogdurJ:soufrnurfld I

frlrninqisld. ?yrorfirudrJiqqrnqaranfinrtriufin . artrrJrsolf,nur .

rhrfine^vru r fiu qwrarn:sfilrlrinu rdo, 2522 .

s s .rJ: c r aig d'ufiq?mrd. na rrunioulun r :flsr fiuorrEr nr ruiloqdr ccrlu{frno r fru lu

qururqirlrufiner r I ilnRq { I ytytutt'tun t . ino rfinufil?qqr frns r nr enfuilr

riarfin a', "'t

f, u u.rdoun r rdnur . riarfinivru r 6'u uur inu r durufina 2 5 3 I : fl - 1l .

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5z.urils C.rqnBn. n?rrun3orulunrrrrouilrcrrn:flnurtotngr{rt?$et:sr?otrluunulu

I: r riuudrfinnorriqtrnr:drraon:s r ?olsI u$nil. ?norfinudrJiqqrdnur

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sa.eufind qndir?r. narrun$orrorilrsrruulunr:oqindrir dnur tqilrcn:6: frlrfn

fiour n . iyrs rfinu#rJ?qqr dnu r a r an : uu r riorofin a', "',

du rre ndorufl nu r

riorfin?vrurdu rumr?nurd'srlfisa , 2534: fl-'u -

sg. afinr irvqa. n?run$srurol 'lldet. loar.lunrrit ru^ufionttuR'l:il:scrn:finur t

flnsr rsnr sn:filufrInietsuuriu. ?nu rfinuf,rl3qqrflnuraranrlnrrisrfn

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60.q?r:fi :onf r rro. narrngoruosilof,uddufiuffiunarungorulunrrrl6'ri6trutCsnr:

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frsHdn: rrqE . ivrorfinufiJ?ogr.finurctdntilillf$fin artrirrrJlsulRs

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or.fii::rtu afi:ard. ilrfrodfiHadon:rrungorlunrr:lfirifiltun?ilqil$acflolfiul:nnrrufru

Iafingttot rdrnrlrdartr:orqt:vn'udrua dlufnqnrtsqi . tvrurfinuf

rlBqr?no'rdldntuilrriafiq artrivturnr5tsil1n. rieffinino rd0

ililr?ilsrdorufinn, 253s2 R-i,.Copyright by Mahidol University

e z. rfiqut e'frgfiu{.

r27

n a r ruu9sut o,r n g lun r 5 doilRAfiil r tl fi I ua sdou lul : I r 3 uuril u ufi nu'l

noudu . ino rfinufiJiqqr dnu r s r an: ilr t tiilql'n a't nldo uandotn r I frns r .

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rin rE aurin urufins rsrourja r u lu r cln t fi o rr{ne r uacd r t no t fis I 6'.rufnrarl€

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ea.rlirqr raarflrd. ur.rtgslo lu flqfinttilo{rin1E . oqs fn!5tu llttslf;n15.

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129

86.dilt d urinr: . nrrfisurotr{nrrtracnrrgslo. nq{ tytruriltunr; nE.{durrunrrfirur{,

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Motivation to work. 2nd ed. New York: John wi ley and sonso

Inc., 1959: 45-49.

g t .il:cnr tfiq qar:ar. riauofi:nrrio nr: rrJduuuilaluacuqfin:ruourr?u.fiur{nfld z.

RE,t rnflrJl,rrunr :fi:fioru t, 2526 : 9 5 .

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?vrurfinuf,rJ?qr?vru1f,'rdcrrruil'rriarfin arcJlR'r:ilulilradl!liar4r.rYarfininor

du .ililriilo rdsrufrnn .2s33: fl -,tf .

ss .'flrurri ailrl:casri. n'r: rfluflrirfirLriaprd6lurrsR'r:unvqrfio. r ruuilarordrfn

{lunarcRsrrunr rifrouritrr6. d'ud'ud 35 . nE{ ryrnuillunr , I:sn'rurfqqanr ,s

2518:108.

s 4 . iletr 1 il 0't t dd, il0 6'odfi na r ufrrufruffirrn r :fi ri:ud aurs silr ss'r nudriu fl acisn r r rf, r rfiu

r r uour fo uriuay r 6 n 1#u: : q r fl r uu r u dns r r nfl r c nrfifiqfi iaEUfl r . ?nu ru'fluf

rlFqqrinu'rflrdnrilfi'trisrfipr(ar!1lilqs,d'ldnf )arcJrsurriunrounfr.rjaffiel

?nurds. umr?ilurfrnn, 253s; 62-63,7r.

ss.tlnt:rs tn16:rriuri. flofrodfi6nf;uasionr:rlq'f6rruqrrFuradruandoru. tvrurfinu#

rl?qrgr ino r arenrrunrrirufr-n (e r r r:arqlarenf )arr ruFrr rdt r t rnuqr . rioffior

imordu . runrimurd'uilfroa,2534: loo.


130

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errruirrrd't!t:orqr .riorfiniyrstd0 . uilre.ilurdoufiaa,253o :7 6 .

gz.nalfind mldarynr. ilofrudfiHaeionrrrlfirifi{luflo{Gtlr{n:ol?nruaro'r. inurfinud

r.l?qqr ?nu 1d'tdn tilfi1riarfin (ar l'r rflqilflrdn f ) ar n ruiur r e r r't rolEit .

riorfiqtnordu . umr?vrordorufiaa,2s2t: R-fl ,

s a . frofrd e6fruvrf . dninato silr frsd r doado.r fiun r rrlg':in^r ruilo sfailr?raa rfiourriseis

n a q r uI nvil I R I t t o { tta r fi ou r rTo 1 u o . ri r rJ r { . ?il u r u^nuf,rlBq;q r ?n u r d't dn 5

lnrriorfin(d1[r:arqtnranf)arrrflr,'rll'rad1r1:slEl,. rinrfinivrur6'u. ur,t1

inu rduilil^na, 2528 : ft-qtr .

e l . rTqrr uda r nqno{ . {rir n r :uirr r . nq { rr?umlunr : I : sfr'rr{r f ouufia, 2523: 1 59 - 1 60 .

l00.Dubs, Regina. Comparison of Student Achievement with Performance

Rat ing of Graduates and State Board Examinat ion

Scores. Nursing Research 1975;Vol24:59-64.

t o t . raiudod es'tarn:si. nqfinrrrufrri'ryr'r{R'rrflnur . nq{ ryrilufilunr :nlmuiflurilrfir,

2522: 13r - 132 .

lo2. rctiafirfr ldqu. ilnutflnlourrislrs rSuueionrr6'nanrnuandorululcs rSourirsu

dnur . Rq{ rymrunlilnr . ivro rfinuf,rjiqqrfrnuraren:runrrinffin. cr'rflrfisurn

dorudnur . rieffinimurdu . ilr,r'riyrgrfrolfina ,2s33: rz3 .

103.d'tnt lonoot. ilo'fi'udfrnadonrrrlfrrifirruroqrirrrirdlrodsrcr;uqflntflftsnorurn

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d1fl rflr,ru'radMrilq{. riilfininordo. ilnIailurdsrn^oa,2531: I09.

toa.nrfinri {ulnrua. ilofrudfiruncionrrrlflrifirruerlulryrlnmrrirdrorr?anrirdlroqrrfiurn

ruacflorfiuIrn rns. lunrnncduosn r6ur rfifiocrosilrs rfldlno. ivrurfinuf,

rlFqq r ?vr u r f, t dn r ilfl 't riarfin ( a r l t rilqil f, t 6tn f ) a r t r u6u r r d l n t roqr, . riorfn

inurd0 . uur?nurdorur^ao .2s32 :7 5 .


131

l0s.qsuto 4fir.hv6ug. ilofludfiErnsionr:rlfr'rifil'lulto{orarafinrqrurl:vnqfilu{'r1.l5rrriarEi,

dns r r sfl 't s t tn n q rl t mflilfi I iln I . in u r fifludil?cgq r dt nruq r en :ilfi rfiilfin . d'l 11 1

o r rq?vro I ua s { tuq 6t : : ru . riarfintvr u r do . rum r in u r 6'u ilfisa, 2 5 Zg : | 4 4 - | 4 5,

156-159

t06.ulryrr nrrd'n.narrfrrur{ufrcfidrqilofiu6'na:r nr:ilf uYtulYl dunrrl|fr:io^{'l1r1,o{

rilrrlrdlrunrrfl0'ru'rn r?{u.R1nns{uoontfiurtrfio.ivrsrfinu#rliqalr?vrtlr

gracrrilnrtiorfisr (ar r I rflqrf,1dnf )ar t rn0 1il't adi- :alqfl . riorfininu r fio -

ilfi r ?nu r dtlufina ,253 5 z 6o .

l07.Blum,Milton L.and Naylor,James c. Industrial Psychology- New York:

HarPer and Row Publ isher, 1968 :364'

r08.fiuq ilrqqryrarug.ilof,odfiflae{onrrrlgriFr,r#rdtssrfrrrnrhdsir:eotcro:du:Jrcmru

ga cduilad r : a o luno r riqr r n r : rfi r t ? $iln t r't a . ivro r u^fludiliqq r dl nua r an r

ur,1 r riarfin c r r r 5r r o r rqivr o'l un s { 1 uq 6n t : ru . rhffioiil s r du . ilu r iilo'l do

ufioa. 2534:97 .

I110.OU{n

rog.lninr i.rerr15nr. ilof,sdfiHacionr:rlfrrifitliler'tuu?tlllvrndrdcrotiirlqtfiorvilrr,ifiru

fi I fi fnas 1;a r . in u r unudiligq r in u 1 fl 'r dn t nu 1ri$fin ( d r ! 1 tflqllfl rdcl f ) a r t r

fit466. rinrfict?ilurdu. umrimurd'uilfrna,2534:ft-11.4--l'

d1f :qilf .llo 0 t ytd{ flasionr:rJfrrifiI 1u t fl 1: s5l ttagfinn 1UYI1'r Inrur n r: t dn

il r : nua c io riou r i oucro I fiailrir ao r fiour riu lu 0 . qn t s I fi . ?n s ru^nuf,rJiqq r

dtnrusrantilil ttiilfin dt il'1fr{nilf,ldnf n l: rrflilduasaM f ilqt . riorfisl

ivrurfiu .uurimtlr6'uufrna,253 r : R -{ .

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crssfi1ildrdlrunrrsr;'rl1'ra ifls. tc,erRrnnsiuoontfiutrnfio.ivrtlrfinuf,rl?qqr

r{ u .r

1r'r afl r dn : ilfi r riarfin . liilfin?n 0 r fi 0 . ilfi r ?fl u r do t fi u q htri, 2 5 3 5 : 0 - u .

t t 2 . drrinr ruildnn: sytr ?{ . R5 s?r5 ? {d'r r 1 lilqfl . qiru'ofi [ mfl {l 1ud1 t 1 5luqll n . el - 2 532 .

nE{ rnflilfi 'tun5 : l: sfirur{olr{n'ltcl{l t nr r s#mur :nirudn,2532 : 1


r32

I13.?rr:u1 turnilur.ilrdodfinndonrrrlfiriB{1lrn'rru?nrr rarfiEqi nlulryrulnnrhdtor

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rfigr ino 1 fl 1 dn : rril'r risrfin ( a r t r totqrf, 1 rrn f ) a r t r uim't t d 1 D't tuqr .

risdniilordo. urrinordurfinn,2sS4: fi-1.e J a { - a /la a - - o a

l l4.ogu6 ruucl$.R'trdRu'tlmulnl,o{ ncld. ?n0rililillrltqql?ilo'rf,ldat!}lllj0$iln

a r t r qtfl nu r . risfrn a'n s r do . rn r in o r ds ufra a, 2 s 2 7 .

lls.uil?rror ircftrf,rrSog.nr:f,nurdrcdninrnnrrfirneq'rucr'r!1tflqfl{ntltrto{r$rnrird

d r ! l rur1xC r ua luc . nr sun r ri s q ! 0'r . in o r finuf,rJiqq r ino 1 fl r dn r ur r rieffin

c r r r uin r r rr'r ! 1 :orqt . riorfr-n ins r do . uu r ?n o r dotfre a, 2 5 3 | : fl - t .

rro.ilarorra 1urf,'n6. ilrflodfiarnionr:rlfiriFirrutorftnlrflr0r?tRttudqnu:na/tiln.A - / aa A I - - - q- -ino rfinufrJigr ino'rf,lctntulttrhrfin (cr I r rorqtarclnf 1 crt ruinr r

dMroqr. rior.flninordo. uurinsrf,orufinn,2533: R-x.

ttz.rJrcno{ nrru(n. do'firnasnrrifronrwq6nrrlct"tctni. ol{rnrutil'n{nr: lrrfiur{

1r1n{nroir|}r1iilo'ldo, 2535: l -60.

llt.Srade"Sereno E. Trends in Public Knowledge about Health and Illness.

American Journal of Publ ic IIealth,l970;6:485-491.

llg.Dyer,Elaine D, and Others. Nurse Performanee Descript ion:Criteria,

Predictors and Correlates. Salt Lake City, University of Utah

Pres s ,1967:.294 .

l20.Koeror,Beverly L.W. Selected Corelates of Job Performance of

Csrrnuli 1y IIea I th Nurse.Nurs ing Research.Vol .30(Jan-Feb) 1981 :

43-48-

121 . Shapero,Albert .Managing Profess ional Peopl e. Newyork:The Ftee,

1985: 167.


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I t t .r;narn:lulrs r:'oufnrc!l{odrrJfnur $ac

I rsdruucdrrrnriru rdofiilqrnr rdoafittrdsr

I:otdr fisnoon

t z . riruocaur o 10ru rnnd rd drqnnaur rnulu

lrr risudroTrtofddu

t r . rdsrirufiilqnr lun r nlfirifir ru flrirfiuriqrrqoqriruaulodcciufl{ unc lfid rrrucdr lunr r

ufildqrar rflustirrd

tq.rirufrda:slunr:6n rlr $acirlfinrCIu{ 1u

flo r fruuacnauqllrnld r donson lulr r ri su

ldorirq rdud

t s . rirufidrud ru lun r r r duon? rr6n r #ulun.r :rlfirifir'rutulrq rf su

t o. {u?nr:Tr q r5sudruhildhln1rf,fiudqu

n r r C r rfiur ruc,orriru rrirdnar

I z . na { r ur o r ri r u'hi r flud u oil iur o r f;rir t{'ur'!bp r

t t . f,l?rrrl: s riourirufin:auaunrcfio r rflr

n r r u6 n e r rrsuo ti r r q 6l r r ru

t I . {uiur rrs rriruaul I ldnr cefudqun? 1 u

dr untrqo rfrldrir dlriqtr arir soir 1r

zo . ilo lriuqnu r n:dda s lun r:rJfrrifir ruourfs

Irs risu 6afi,8ruru'ld rfiuwo

153


qf,n'ln?oild-l

4 dr EtltltYmlilo t0

t54

,fronrru

zt .lul:s 16surirufiqrln:ai rndoqfio rniell#r Cod r ua o tun r rrl6'ri6 r r ufl o r fiuua en ?uql

l: nld r fionoono ti 1 s r iiCI {no

z z . riruhi'ldfuna rrd aufiolun r rilrcctru{ rufiu

qaa1nrn'r rdruarl l rsrqx rrirdnar

zr . riruf,dn'hi rih6ar slun'r cilfiribir ru rilr r c

s rurosriruds.rs r f,snr rilc gdrus'tuiarlfiu

ze .liruff,nd r r rulunr rliufinrsuroqriru rflu

u'ruddr"to 6r ro rir rdonriro

zs . riru rilufrfufinrsr luerar runr:florfru$ac

a auqul r n1{ r 6onssnlulr r r 5 suroqriru

'lddr nas rurfuosrlr rng rdulr

zo .rirufindr nnq runrrflsrfiuracts?uqulrnl{

r fionsontulr r r5 uwasriruluiloqriu f,r hi

z z . n r :rlfrrifi rliln't rluuut rufl s.r fiuua v n auqu I : a

ld r iioeosnlul: s rE uu r drdri ruu r fr q hirlrcau

nr rrdr r i rn rruinqrJ: c6rc ddd rrauo1{

z s . riru6ni I $u?n'r l n r rfl s s riurrnsf, ?lrttxl r nld

rfionoonfinarufrs | 0u uns?f rnlrolJrrEfln

n rruinqrlrcard'ldCopyright by Mahidol University

55

rard 1 -3

uuugouo I llA

t lo{

n I tttoil

1. ltlrlrdouo'tudduuo't:nrrudoryardoafiunaruf rfotlrnldrdonosntorrinr?ou

#url:sordnurfld + - o

2 . uuucrolloludl#tio ri gue,oud urir r flu z ei.rudrd

rieud r rflurirarurd0afiu{oryarorfrarinriuurol

dtud z rfludTorurduaf,unarrufrdorl:nnl{rfionssn

3 . lfirin rtuunoiluurldouorrlr?n:udauqnda risunouuuurtorlolu h?rirud rorru

ldr cir l oriouqnnfr

-Adgl?u1t r Rljrorya .


T-\L

156

l.lfl?iln I

\

{oryartrtrl

+dt* h?nr rodu.,nulu { orlurisr (

na ril rfluo?s

T1. Irs r6ou. .. .. .liu.

2. tflf,

) rlu ) rn{r

-@Adra3. ?U tnou il rfln

4 . nanl: r?uulufldrirurrnldrorr,*du rrirfiu.

5. nsuuu?rreir c ra?uils sdun'r rsifia'n lufldi ruru r

dastRtntsa0t?t1RU.

) rnhdonaru nfs rfirurir luristd't {d.tu

o e 94u3T ]firlrfl? 0 r,

5-6

7-8

9-10

il[.-lffirtr


t57

sirufi z na rrf, r dss l:nl{r donoon

rirduos l#nr roduuno.ro t/ nrhdonrrrdrfiudrgndordqn rfiurdoac r r{rnsu

o e 94ecr'r?rrus?0 u

I . Irn'ldrdonssn rflulrndriludunE ruodr{1r

R. rfinfiurdnrdnt

1,. fl{lao rfinnrasf,on nio r6ooooRU.tR

n. iior r6suilacilendor

{. l{qrfindofiuilaruiu

2 . qraroovrinoulur anrln

R. narr6u

n. nnrriu

n. rdrfin-J{. 1.t?ft'l

3 . ntolufirunu 0sililq{aruluui r rnrlorlrs

n. mn{

1r. ,'rrrdufir

n. qrudrru'nlu#orrfr

{. qnvgndo

4 . g rar ufid'nuorsunncir r o rnqrru'ndu sd r q'lrtal e 4n. roljog lil{r.roilila

varJuarr,. q,qn? rilr, rlr'nnttsRnga raonnil

n . uou r1r'rvfru{lunrvuc r fiildrfiurfr ldI{. Qn4oilo

11

t2

13

t4


5. dsnerulngndor

n. rrror{rildra

rr. mqurio uirasrautrhu

8 . ornrrdrfrqtsql:n'l{rfionooniioc'lrdrt

R. '[{qr r.fanflrur

r. fiqn rdonosnsrrrfiauris

fl. Ssnorodrnrs'[d

{. qnvln{o

s . l:nl{r fisnsondncis'ldlnoiiln

R. frilau nle oru rndu

r. gun'tudfi rdol{r dsnssnurfin

n. qrfiurleiotrrflo

{r . ?s r6iudurdoudrna rflu

R. drlurhurssfn r?ou hififrr1ao rilul{rdonssn

fi hi'S r r fluds rrh a r auudunr rfiui1 q r

r. Irn'[driisnsonscfia rCudlro rioulrnndtdr?rt

n . n r r d r ffaurai r rn r vf,u{g r r iludrdr dqdqa lun r :

flos fiuIrn'ldr 6snson

{ . ocmq{a1 o rnnrcluqEdu rrirrfu

6. nrrldn:rsoc runlunrcuctddr doslcidso rfisrln

n. qnr6iou

1,. Yln 2 r6ou

R. qn 3 r6ou

{r. qn 4 r6iou

7 . dolndlrilgumdunr rf,u{qrn r o

R. drrirdr, ti'rtg nroluuacuonrlru

.u. uofiu

r58

l5

l6

t7

18

l9


lo. dsorrulnhigndor

R. lurvou'ldduqq iurlrcnrusrnnnl{ld rflunf{nrr?

{u. flruhiurnanusanlniu

n. :sucdunrro6lo rcrsrdsl{an rilr'rgo'rq rfinarrc$onld

{ . frrlrudfiornrr'ld6r rf,orodrr r6ior lnslrifiornrrdut

2 . eir srlqnri:

s. 'grt:0gud

'hid r r iluds r hjnuunrrd

I r. rinr?suldflnarr$rdorl:nldrdsnsonr'tndlntllr ( nouldrrnnir t ds )

R. flACTOU

r. uduf;u hjarnof

n, Inrf,arf

{. ?n lo

o. dun{rdrursr

o. a'uq

ru. iirlrsarnr roir rnqr6rlao

!il. nrrf,nfin::gnrr

ar. r $rmrhdartlrsrqt

30-36

r. ldrlarfiuqnrir

n. ldrndsunrnis anfndon

4. uofiuldnsnlhlan q. flnilrnnrrucldiinf,n

s. eru:orrr{fiidrr g. {adrr drorirqn z fu

. . . . .6. drrfrfirrudlufiouir s. kin:ra

r . 0 ruro{RtE$rrdu'lf !. dnurlarldrjrvlssd

q. ldorufirlan

159

20

2t-29

I I . b{rin r?ou6uqi iinrrrtrSaunrir rnrafr{gr Insrird'adnu:tarfisurldHdrdr rat

nrsdrofio drinr?ourifudrgndor t nsudrfiuld )

I. riuldrirdu tiltg 'R. kin:roostun

o. rdduurirrlniu


nli?ru2n n.

--ia ta -r- fiot'| tt liln'rr?r6


160

1. nrrnocouln-suna{ (Cht-square test)

rflunrtil'rn?rrud'urfi'u#:cildr sflof,s z il06'oduriroon rflurvdueirr 1 fiu ,u*u

ilofrs e uncilof,u B dtu't:audtosn'ldrfluraarorcnu (rxc table)

flofru s 2 ... j 5?n

ilof,o e

I

2

olr or2 olj Rl

o2r o22 o2j R2

oi1 oi2 oij Ri

t?u clc2cjN

qnt Chi-square (Oi; - Eij2)lBij

(oij2/Eij) - N

d.f. (r-l) (c-l)Al-alttJo Oij : n?1uti0161'ltd{t.nlutqaii (i, j)

Eij u.luddnlsrdirlurnrad (i, j) = Ricj/N

N ,il ruaudroti'r urfunuu

Ri u,ur.unuouo.d i

cj Frdr?r,clo{dnrurid id.f. Degree of Freedom

'ilruauttna (1, 2, ...,i). 'flruauanufr (r,2, ...,j)

r

c Copyright by Mahidol University

16r

rfioilofru A uas s udroontdrflu z tsdu (2x2 table)

ilof,s s

BI B2'?U

ab

cd

AI

A2

il06's e a+b

c+d

t ?ll a+c b+d N

qnt Chi-square N(ad-bc-N/2)2

(a+b) (c+d) (a+c; (b+d)

d.f. I

alilHonr:1fr cnl-square rest

t ) rflun1tilndoildilonh?nr rrdrfina rrudrufiu#:cndr s z daurjnrsohi

2) hiaru'l rolJoRfiflyt't {rro { n? rudtfr'uf

3 )'hiarur :ouon:sduro.qn? rtdtfiud

4') n 1 r nud r fi n a r rudrurfi'uffiuhil duil I 0 n ? r ru d r fi n a r rl drur{uf, 1 u r fi I r mq ua v n n


162

2. n1?fild1ffrrjrcfrniiauffuf,uf uuulfis{ffu ( Pearson produc r Moment corre I at I on

Coefflclent )

rflunrtntn?rudruf;ufrsndrtdaurlr{u (Randon var i ab t us ) druei z drurJrduhJ drfi

n?luf,uf;uffiurishi lufienr{nlilfiu (pos it ivo correlar ion) nfsfianrsflnfrufiu

(Negative Corretation)deorirarf,uf;uCrrirnl: lnonrrnndourilirdrurjrcfiil!"dndtr{ud

( correlation coefficient ) rcfidrtdrurjrd{nd1? dslirlnrnR'triladoilnlneunaf

0ctilunttilontfio{driinarrdrufuffiuniotrirrirrfu ru^nlduondrtcdu (degree) qo{rn?'ril

drfiufd riiil 1ndo0 rfiu I ln uac lufianr r 1o

{snnallunrrrlrnldl# (as sump t i ons I

(l) frrurjr x $ou v riludaurh{lqidfiuonuorrjnfi (Bivariate Normal rndependent

Random Var i abl es )

( 2 ) findng runr q a'no r ar an f nls nr wqufi fiuf,ud r daurjrrirao r iina rru r doa{s r fiu

6rarr r rorirrurrr ne rrudurYuf,fiuld

(3) nrrudruf,uf,rcndrrdaurlr x uac y r{luuuurdunrr

nttutdt Correlat ion coefficient

rdotdnrtilondln?rrdru*'udfiuorirrfnrouiirdu 6s'tddr?runnrnrrdramdrf;ud (rry)riluqn:

+ nlnudl x ttac Y uil:nrrufiu (positive correlation)

- fiuloo't X uas Y urJtnnfrudu (negat i ve corre I at i on)

rry styl=

-

srx syy

drnunlf I,y = X>rr - lxlvlosxr=lxz-(Xx)zlnsyy = lvz - (Xy)zln

nrs6inaruililrurir r*y

(1) - I

(2) uansficnr{flo{n?rrudrufiuf 6o


(4)

(s)

163

( 3 ) ri r da r oruas I r sdune r uu r nr?ss{o.r na r rudrur{ud

I utl'rudrdrfinarrandur{ud6'ustirraur;:ai (perfect correlat ion)

nf oqnlnrosn: rr,l ogiluuur r duo: r

nr r udr d'r x uas v hifi na rrudufr'uduurandrfr'uf, r 8.r r dur : riln r r a0

hiarr r roilonn? 1uf,irrfi'u#luud er r rquasna 1d

hiarlrra.drrir r,y hJfinrduisunsilo{n?rrufrrur{uf,'ld rnrrvrir rxv hilduenl

9ooocrornerrdrur{uf luuua rdunr c

3. nr:itntrrtoostotlnrl uuufru"uu (Stepwl se mut t tple regress lon anatys i s)

nr:?tnrrcdnrtoaoo0rflunrrf,nurrrnaruf,rur{uf:vrdrrdauil:nrurnc6':u:Jr6ers

tndoof;ursnrtrrJdouuilnttot6'rurJ:nrrudaqdaurJ:6e:s uasrirhJqfnrrnsrn:afrionr:ilry

urarrirdertrj:nrrlfiu oroocgTsqlddeu:J:64:yrrnndr t 6'a dqovriaol#nrrnornsalfinaru

q ndo s ru r on'u, o r r s lun a r u r fluo i r rfu n r : dnu r r do q si r r 1 rYn o vii6'a urJ: d r d o r {e s fiuu r n

nd r t fra n r c lddauilr rfi u t6'r r duaru r of;ul uR l r rrjduuurja sro r daurjE olurfuu r o o c'hiilo

riitl.r dnsflcnrc?tnrrv#nrronooslnul#fraurjro^aryrrnndr t fradrisn'ir nr:irnrrcfR'l tonoo0ll4gBl (Mu l t i p l e Re g r e s s i on Ana l y s i s ) Inoo'od r grluulna rrudrufrufo gj lugrl

rf;t rdunrrdaunrrnurn:aldruil:nrru do.rorf,unrrrj:srrorritnarrdrrfluizsnirsciruil:du

$ncdrttil:nril Inutsriunnirnrrrfirufiufddrrirfiurhsf;nf;'n'rsonoos ( Regress i on

coefficient) nr:dnr6ondrurj:6arcrCol#luarnrruuouorfufinarui6 ucilunr:dnurd

ldrqnry?i stepwi se Regress ion

i6 stepwise Regression

if,nr:6'or6on6'aurJro^a:rInui6 Stepwise Regress ioo d rflunrrdnrfiondaurJ:

6a: cfiriou{r sdr#ou oit u, oo, r flun r r 6'q r dondaurj:6a: y r dr hjlue run r :fiasdr urj: I a 0

fisr:orr rfiondaurJ:6arcfifinrrrudrurf,ufqrqofirLfi'rurlrn'rilr{rhlluarunrr ude6rfr'trrorrd'l

rurj:6artdfinarndrun'uf,rfirtiau (nerudrufrufdrirnunl#6'aurj:6arcdrdrTrJluaunr:udanr

d I fiuda urj:n',uu.r odq" r {r lrjluaun r r uasn$orufiurfufffir r rorr d r 6'aurjr6ar cd r {r lrjluCopyright by Mahidol University

164

dilnrtrioumfirrfurXnfiaudrf,rnr:ovoqiluarunr:6nrnfohi drtrina:oqjfid'noonuncdr rfiunr:

dn r6ondrurlr6a:vluri drnaro{fins1{$avdr rfiunrrdn rdenfraurJr6arslmri ndrrnoo

osfinrrfior:srrdauil:dqn6'nrdonr{rh.lo{luaunrrlmri6nr;nnfudfio'trrfirdaurJr6ersrdr

lrJlurirflrrc6odrtdodaurl:6e:vo{luarunrrudaorrocfir{agiodunrruuumdruasrdorfiruda

urj:lrrirdrlil daurjsdar"rfuuroocfinaeisaunrrunncil{01Rrdu61d nrrfinr6ondrurjr

6ascocir rfiunrrlilounrvrtqhiftd'aurhdarclnrr?r'hlmioqndnsonornaunr:nldd if,nrr

f,n t fion6'rurlro'ar s ln u?6 s t epwi s e Re g r e s s i oo,fuu r o d rrun r fluduc,outdd'ld

(l) r{rurarrirflrurjrsfivrf;'ar,rdur{ud , :cfldrrdruilcnrilfiud'aurlrda:c$einsda

(2, rfiondaurJrdarcdfirir r {r{n udr6rr{rraungrJuuuro{arrRrrdsd

Y : Bo * Bo xp + 2 (Xp noo dattil:darvfiqnrf,onr{rbjl

(3) nndoileulfiglu Iro ,Bp : o Inorirafifi p-test drooufuallfigrul#

uqouavfrod r'hifi6'aurJ:6ar c lnqn r fian

d r rl g' r d r eu ru n' g r u 1 #rfl r r u'u n r : 6'n r a' o n da u rJ r 6 a r c a{ s hJ d r fi n' s

(4) r{ruaarrirrfi'lrj:sfivrdamdrurf,uf rf;rdau (par t ia I corre I at i on

coef f i ci ent ) ry l. l 2s . . .* rrrdrqdauilrnrrufrud'lrnJr6a:cdril6s

ueia c de l n s ri r nun hid: urJ r 6e: sdo qiau n r r fi ri r n r d

(5) osfiqadiln'rr rdu rfinnrrfi 6'rd

- Overall F-test non - significant diff.

- rir partial F-test lris t-test cJordrurJtdudrn^rurqhrurluau

nr:6'aud.rqs firirdoudqn ttac non - significant

(6) diln1rd,ru'rraudqn 6o dilRlionooo riouuiunoudnqngrJurilsro{tdilR'rt

oooou rfluArd

Y : Bo + Br Xr + B2x2 .-.. Bk X,* + 2

lourir Bo = rirnsd (cons t ant )

Bl = rirdrurlrsfivrt'h1toaoou (Regression Coefficient)qlsq6'aurjro'arcfi I

xl : daurjto^attd I

Z : rirna ruflarn r uu^uuo t nnr :il:sruratrirCopyright by Mahidol University

l6s

nt:itntlcdnttonCIo0 InurirhjdaurJ:drirrrrf,orrErds.r r{ludrurjr rf,rrj?lrar

(Quant i tat ive) dr rfludaurhdarsduldfirir rfigt z rir r:iu rnc firir rflu r'rs nis116l d6tlunlndru:rr iirirrflu len miohilae riludu daurJ:rSrqornrnlunrrdnsrnfsd

drnunf,rd

rfid

6la1uR lildutd

tl0

rdr

Ian

hilana4d;;.r-4

?gnlrflRU'r ruo Iru n1R?1ljrw1nt

rjfrrifir rsnr: r.ligrninfogsndra4

?6nr:f,nurqrqn drndrrlFqrni

rl3qqrerirf ogrndr

nrrold:-unrrfrnsuru

t fi0

hirnu

nr:ldiunrrfirnssru

o otdtRl?run tilun'l

rirnunldfirir

rirnunldfirir

rlrnunl#firir

ri rrun ldfirir

riruunl#firir

tirnunl#firir

rflruunldfirir

rituuoldfirir

drnunldfirir

druuoldfirir

drnunldfirir

0

I

0

I

0

I

0

I

rdonnaoudrnrr rrldsuuilnrrord'rurhnru duo1ifiunrr rrJduuurJorrordaurJrdunio-

hirr r r r r ori r hJ 1 #rt r u r o I ddru r n nhnr

I n s r fi su r flildil R'r : 1 d6'r d

Bo+BrXr+81Xj+2

6io frrurjrnrl

6o frturjrdudadndq

6o constant (rvovdarnr:6'nunu y rir.rotntn origin)6s rir y drilduuldruas x frrirrrJdoulrl r nriau

6o,fi ruaudaurjr6a: sr{onuudlriluerunr r

6o irnrruna rn r udounuunr ril:cursdr

Yi=

Ino Yi

xi

Bo

Bt

k

e Copyright by Mahidol University

n l t i t n t l sfn? rruurjrrjr ?uuilunr r r d u a r fluao'fidl#yrndoua? rilunnci r r r cfi d r r

ri r r ndu{s.r nejrdro d r rdfi dr uci l nrirudul:l In ufi denna r r do rdu6'sd n^s

1 ) doryndo vi t nr r srfna rruurlrrJ: audor oqilurr'rnr'r dunrn rn ( I n t e rva I

scale)unvrflu{oryauuuncuuurirciorfior (cont inuous variable) nioursrrrdorrdau(Ratio scale)

2) nriufraodrtluuciasn{to;dotgn r6onrurodrrriu (Random)o rniltcrrnr r6o:fiudfinrro:rororflurlnfi (Normal poput at ion)

3) nrjrldaotirtueiavnrirur{luo'arcornfiu ( Independent samp I es) uns

qnnrirufid'nsflc tflu ronr{uf, (Ilomogeneous groups )

4 ) n rjl6'a o d r r ueia v nrjrudo s I dru r r r nil: rr', o rdiin r r ruuilrrj r ru r ri r fiu

ii? r ns r sfna riluil:il: ruuilumr q-r 6u r

lq slia'liln r r i t n: wdatr ruuil:rl: au o cfi na r ruurJrrJr auddo.r r{ r ueoro qj z rfin 6o

1. narruttrJrrJrau:sudrlnrjt (Be tween-group var i ance) tflurunrur01RRtt

ldiu t r e a tmen t sir l fiu r fluri rduanr l#vrr rrfr srur ofl o{ n? ruunnsir r : c?rd r rri r r qd0ro r

nrjueirsl drrsudrtnrjtfirir rqduunneirsriurrrnnarrurl:rJ:aurcildrrnrjruovflririlrnda0

2. narruurJrils?ufilulunriru (wi th in-group variance) rflunanoueuoldloqi

lunrjudldVu t reatment otirr rduafiu rflurirduesrhflnrrudr nguuuudacdrdr?u5?rl

Coeffieient of Multiple determinationp2 : rirdrurjrsdvrihr:dnfiul0 (Coeffi cient

166

(R2 )

of Determinat i on rfludrdrrans

dtdvrinatoldtrtrJr6a:s x tfunurdfruSjluaunrrdodaurl:nrru y dsdsdrd'rrir R2 q{uanla'rarrurrooiur0R'lt trJduurilalrirdaurJrnlu y 0rndaurJr6ats x dfiugluauRlron

a e oriu I dd ua c da uil r d{ as r iin a r rudrfiuffiud ou{ r .r g r

ruila q ro q da uil:n r u'hia r ru r 5 ao f;il 1 o 1 dde uda uilr 6a: c

urjrdr ao r fi n a r rudrurf,uf fiurio su r n I n u 6nri r r flu$o 0 a c

112-SSR/SSTxIOOo/o

drrir p2 d'r uanqdrnrr rrjdsu

x dfiugllueruR'troaooo unyda


a\

t67

ur'ldornuiavnciiliiRrrR:corsurnriodoo drrirdorrr?'unlddr rlturirnarunn.rn,ndou

(Er ro, ) riursl ,

tdunounr:i ra: rsd

t) nlroaou dEnnaqrdordu nlo {odrrnrnnrnJrsqndl#

( r ) daurJ:d{n*a rd?su rfi oudor riiufirnrJrrj?rurar (euan t i t a t i ve va r i ab l e )dl. lf 'r 0 r mJrgsrnruiaalndfiRl ruoRre {uuurlnfi

(z) d r na rlurJril: auro sdoqnudavqn'ldunncir I fiu

(3 ) riouldfl t reatment nrironnas.rfiaarterir reuofiu (Iromogeneous )

(4) ii treatment effect

z) drrrunal{figru

Ho : Ur : U2 ... Uk (k: druauqndoryn)

Hl , fiu3 sdrldoo r qiunneirrflu

rirmrn = .05

t.ryAaJgil$uun1r I nr 0ilgo{a riloRrr? t nt lcu

tl t2 t3 tk

Yrr Yrz Yrr Yrr

Yz r Yzz Yzs Yz r

. Yij (i : l; 2, nj ; j : l, 2,...,k)Yotl Yoz2 Yo33 Yok

TOTAT Tl T2 T3 Tk


168

3) rnteir sum of square uacd$r{ Ar{ovA Tabte

G:Tj :Tl +Tz+Tl+ +Tt ; N: n3 =Dl *n2*n3 + +nkCT=G2lN ;CT=Correct,ionTerm

SST : Y2ij - CT ; SST = Total Stqr of Square

SSt = (Tz!ln.; ) - CT ; SSt = Treatment Sum of Square

SSE = SST - SSr ; SSE : Error Sum of Square

CRD Anova Table

Source df ss F-ratio

treatment dfr = k-l SSt Mst: ss,/df, F=Ms'/MSE

Error df.=df. -df, SSE MSE:SSE/dfe

Total dft=Y-| SST

Ms

(df = degroe of freedom ; MS : Mean square)

4) dqilfln uagfioatUill'to (conclusion and Interpretation)(4.I) dr f r F.05;dfr,dfe p-value < 0.5 $6ro{dtfi u otirqrlou 1 d

unnd 1 r fiu ds rd 1 n r r e r n r r s?tciod r qilrruqiunnci r r du ln oofunoud s

(4.2) dr r < F.05;df i,of" p-value > .05 $Grardt ui f,q'lriunneirrfiu

5) Rltiladou Multip.le compariBons

ldrdonaaqrl{o a.t ii u odrqtlss t qiunnrirrfiu drlrinrrudrqilrrudcirqflu 6rdsr

nncrou mu I t ip I e oompar i sons do ifrnrrnnaouiinalsuuu uciluntrf,nuldl#ei

Scheffe' Method (S-method) rilunrrrrjiuurfisttuuu ptanned €omparison dfio.rt

?'l{uffuR'lrrrliourfiuill{fisunttnnno{ lnuld orthogonal contrast fio rir rqdstreiac

rir 0srl'ril'r1#rrJf surfiourfluqnfs rfr0a Inufiqnr drdCopyright by Mahidol University

169

Do


$l'|mr?o {.

- r laos r iiar*anrri r rr r;rihlairll


t70

n1r1{d ft.25 ,$ruau $ouacrsqngourriolrqriou e .rlvgutTfi 'firuunnrlfrnsEsdailqnna

ffnuuvdruqnna ,iruru

N: 172 nu

ioaac

100.0

l. tfif,

rnds

sl tl

2.s1a

zs-ts 1)

36-4s 1l

+o-ss il.4r56+ lJ

f : rs.t X

3.d6rluRlflf,utd

Ian

crur6l

S.D. 6.34 max : 58

147

25

40

98

33

I

il min

85 .5

14.5

23.2

57 .0

19 .2

0.6

:25 11

uriruIntir Iuonfiuoqi

nu

nu

nu

nu

36

t29

7

52

33

65

l8

4

20 .9

75.0

4.1

30.2

t9 .2

37.8

10.5

2.3

+ . ,f, ruruunr

hifiqn:

'f, ruau I

,f, rueu z

d ruau I,fl rueu 4+


17r

o', t't ud ^

. zs 1do )

ffnuordruqnaa ,i r uau

N- 172 nU

{ssas

100.0

s.:sdunrrflnsr

( rJns. )

s . z :cfrunr:dnurqrqndldfuiltqrlu

eirn'i rrl:^qqter€

rl3qqrer€ nf o tfiol rrir

rl?qqrIn vrio riiuu rdr

6.Orq:rsfl1t

1 - 10 il

11 - 20 fl

zr - 30 fl3l+ fl

f : ta.tt il s.D. = 6.28

a4A's. I '1or'nrrflnut rfio riurlfrriGr'ttR1t

arrrirr ?nurgranf

flqnilsracr$

nafinurlqtdnur/ rRUnt

squla lil:goudnsr

lncurnrr lflarl

nar^naranf

nru r lnu I n ru r 6l nqu / uusttu?

?llj .

rJr cn r siiurin: itr f;niuqt

23

105

40

4

max :

t4

29

8

6

t2

I

22

t7

56

26

144

2

13 .4

61.0

23 .3

2.3AI:11J

8.1

16.9

4.6

3.5

7.0

4.6

12.8

9.9

32.6

15.1

83 ,7

1,.2

33fl mln


t72

n1r1rd n.25 tcisl

flnuurdrur;nna Cruru

N= 172 au

frosas

100 .0

z . : gu g r ra rdildrifi q rungourrio 1r q ri ou

r- s fl6-10fl

ll - ls il16-20fl

2A+ fli : 6.zr il

s.glugnrrr.crssfio

8 . I fir ru'ldrqnrc rturdsuotirr r6oa

fi: roldfirau

5 , 000 - l0 , 000 u'tll

10,001-15,000 uln

l5 , 00 | - 20 ,000 ulyl

20 , 00l -25 ,000 ltlYl

median = i1,190.30 lr'tyl

min : 5,560.00 il'tll

S.D. = 5.71 max

101

37

l9

11

4

= 17 il min = I il

58.7

2t .5

ll.0

6.4

2.4

t43

29

83.1

16.9

t.2 rrold rursdr rrsldornrQurfiouuacrroldfirsslure{acrdsu

.67

92,

8

5

S .D. - 3 ,ll4 .20

38 .9

53 .5

4.7

. 2.9

max : 23,099 Uln

8. 2 glucilrl raruEfioolun?lurifuilorfrnou

6 (rTn:rudrouda firQurnfiodcdil) 2g

ilrunorr (rruldnolfiu:roriru) r2g

'ld6 trruldldnsfiurrsdrs) 2r

r6.3

7t.s

t2.2


t73

,r.r'rud *.zo 6ruau$ac$ooas ro{ngourriulrr rEuudruuRnrrilnf,clunrrrJ6'ri6lru

floffs'lunr:rlfiffit ru 6ruru

N*172nU

Sosas

(100.0)

1 . rj?ursrr ruloqngsurfulr t rSou

1 . I ,E ruaurin t€uu$stl:l t€sud:Jq^ffi1ru

40 - 400 nu

401 - 800 nu

801 - 1200 nu

t20l - 1600 nil

1601 - 2000 nu

2001 - 2400 nil

2401 - 2800 nil

mode : 320.84 AU

r38

22

6

3

0

0

3

S.D. : 29.2 max : 2,515 nil

1 . 2 R1r1#r aarrlfiffis ruourrTslrl r3oil

r 6r r a a r t do srlfirifi q ruour tiu I : t t 6 uu r ri rrfu I

1,'r { r ?a l ( dorrlfirifis ruoautdaildr u )

. I falilsaou

5 - 15 $il.

16 - 25 Sil.

26 - 35 Sil.

3 6+ luil.

7 = 23.47 uu.

0

t72

7

L22

42

I

UU. mi n

80 .2

12.9

3.5

1.7

0

0

t.7

min - 4? nu

0

100

4.0

71 .0

24.4

0.6

su.S.D. = 5.48 max -- 48 =J


t74

"'rrrud n.ze leio)

floffs'lunr rrffiffit ru

I .4 R1rrlfirififion:rtdalfruuncn?rlqlllnldrtisnosnlultt 16ou (*rlul ldrlnrr{)

I - 5 Sil.

6 - 10 Sil.

ll - 15 uu.

16 - 20 utt.

hiarr r : ot sqr ?a't lduriusu

; - 1.9 m,. S.D. = 3.23

z . nr r nld$un

r :ariuei{udon r : ri sunr :aou

.a dQn-on11tf ouR1:doll

uriufru

i6Ie rnrj

b/d tan

AqctoRd'l:fl{ilun

n5100c tilYl

nr : ldfrn r :flnou:u t dtudrl6'rifirnild-t

l-znfst3-anit

hi r nuldfunr:flnou:uI

i = o.e oil s.D. = 2.34

79

'3

0

3

87

max = 20 Uil. min :

46 .0

t.7

0

t.7

50 .6

I Uil.

6ruau

N .= 172 oU

{osac

( r00.0)

ado 1fifu

d ruau( $sonc )

3t (22.r\

7e (45. e)

I ( 0.6)

1 ( 0.6)

7 6 (44 .2)

72 (41.9)

lrildiu

'$ ruau ( $suac )

r34 (7 7 .e)

e3 (54. I )

171 (ee.4)

l7r (99.4,

96 (55.8)

100 (5E.1)

3.

60

6

104

max-4

34.9

4.6

60.599

nit min=onis


175

1t 1 {11 n. ze (do)

flsffs'lunr:rlfirYfil ru 6ruru

N=172AU

nsaac

(100.0)

+. nrr'lditrnr:firnst ruo rn?rrirsr rud rdurdos

4. 1 rnu'ldflnrsfitngtru

'hi r n u ldi:rR r rfi t nsr ru

+. z rriaur'rudlt{o'trfitnas ru

drrinq runr:rlrcouflnur frsilin

drrint runrrrlrcolflnur dr tno

d rrin s 1u6t 1 t'r rorqt fi lrfnaerrfisurfis

hir noldiunr:fitndl tu

92

80

53.5

46.s

9

t7

40

73

80

5.2

9.9

23 .3

42 .4

46 .5


t76

134

122

7?.9

70.9

27.3

80.8

78.5

38.4

9.3

80.8

27 .3

74.4

45 .3

5.E

87 .2

23.3

65 .7

52.9

39.4

6.

7.

E.

479.

n1:.r{d n. 27 druau gosas torngourfolrr r€sufrlufnrlqltrfi dfinalrrf, rdollrn'ld

r f,osson'$ ruuRn tt: t u{o

6 ruaudnougn 9suac

I . nrirergdnulsnldr6onoonqtndrnrildu

2 . qri6nr roirfinlrn'lt t fionssnouot odqtrial r 6ou

'lmu

3 . Ira'[{r iioaosnfinarldrdqoti r I nlr

4 . HaRtcnilrsl I:nt{rfionosnlu r 6n rfluori r slra@ t ---e-4-. !- -q,

5 . qlar0ildnu$sunfln1 {t0'lRqtlruaoilott 1 { It

q ra r ofi rv ucfiuldlna tfi ol 1n

dolnhitdurds tnr sfinfq Ia r o

ii n r rito s fiuua;mugl I t n'ld r iionosndri rudn

d r'ldnaddqn6ood r I'l rd o4, ' '

vr t 'r o o c r uniiqni+ir 6 nri r q s o r u lur c u c r ? a 1u'l u

rrir 1n

r o. donarrulnd'trigndor

l r. {ooaruladlriqndor

l 2 . lriq r a r udfi t fiutunn r ruc I n o trifirir {l s ca'l u'l t sl

fifi?no{ldururfisr 1n

l 3 . nr olurhunussfluq{aruldluu? r rElnfir t

| 4 . o'r nr rdrdqtor 1:n'ld r iioooondooclr

t 5. dsnerrln'higndot

I 6. srnr rdrriout finnracfioafiocl:dr I

r7 . a',,nqdri',ldry{laol{rdonssnfinrr"ssndsoro

47

t39

13s

66

16

139

128

78

10

150

4A

r t3

91

67

dra ru

n'sq r u'[dr fins r noslr Copyright by Mahidol University

t77

n1f 1{d fl.27 (gio)

drnrru "J0 1u?unnouqR $soav

t t . riruoyiiururnlunr r daufiorllo{ fiu$asn?uqultn

1{r donoon'ldorir s 1r

1 9 . nr rri rf,numdr rnr vr{u{gr, ejrrfrnarurfr ld

20 . nrrdrflnufidq rflrcfiu{tlr,tirrrlqnria

zr . nrcdrfrn$nrir rnrufu{ql :0'r{rooild

22. nlrdldnunrir rnrrf;u{ql : uofiukinsn'hlan

23. nrrdrfrnuilris rnrcf;u{qr re 'ruro{rrfifiudra

z 4 . n r r tl r f,annd r r nr cf,u{g r, fiuirfi r ruudlu#s rrfr

zs - nrrdrffnumris rnrvfu{qr : 0lilro{flicor.rdu'lr1

93

166

147

t47

93

131

t2E

105

54. I

96.s

85..5

85.5

54.r

76.2

74.4

61.0


".rr.rud o.zs druau gooac rolagour$ulre 16suf,wrfnrlqrurrfi

su r riu I : r r 3 su 1 u q r ufl s q riuua v n alql 1 : o'[ci r 6o n s o n

178

dfufuoo',*orna

6 ruunn rrr r u{o

fisnrrru

t . rlrc rfiufuinlrnl{rdonoondr finduuririn risu

2 . daua r {rnil{r ruflotfiuuarnruqll{r a'onosnlu

lr.r ri uufiu{lirr : 1r I ri ou

3 . fia{rununrrrlfirifit runaonflnr:f,nur

4 . finfi-onr ruf, t au rdufinfin: rcnrrnrrflsrfiu

uasn?ilrluI r nhIr 6sasonIn o t cfl r cluria Iqqrlu

s . rEssddrfrnutdt rnrvfu{glarglulr I t?ouunc

ui r aot:out sio rdst tih:cec

6 . tf r r 6ou ldrin r 3 surh fi o n r r ru 6 r frn umei I r n r ufiu{

q r n r u nhldrcis

r dotddtu

7 . lddruucdrqnarnrlulr I riuuh?nrcilfndl

dunr r oto r Ir nld t donson

8. finnrr rduu rfinrin rioudilro rfluI:n'ldra'onoon

9 . l#na rufuncdr rucdr lun r tflsq fiuIr nurifr

rJnn:o.rdfirin ti uu{leu rflulrnl{t 6onoon

0 . rJ r c r fiilfl a n r r rl6'rifi I r ufl o I fiuu n ra ruqru I r n'l {r 6ioeosnlulr s r€ ou t {lur c usnnsnfl

I I . cqr.lnanrnlfirifitrurauofruirrrI:I t6uu

rz . rir nnnr rilrc rfiutrrrliurlql I luflslfiuuacn?ilqil

I:nt{r fisnssnlulr s rSou

6rurudnouqn 9ooas

r28

128

ll0

t26

74.4

74.4

64.0

73.3

7E.5

82 .6

74.0

76.7

68.0

64.0

68.6

65.7

t32

tt7

118

113

t_


179

nlrr{d 4.28 (eio)

dsna r u 6 ruaudnouqn $osnc

r 3 . ngourriulrt tisu:'t 0{ 1uR'lr r 6u{laoctsslin r€ou

l#frrlnn ro to,'tuqoof u ,ntuo,r rrlq'rifieiorin ri ou

orir.rqndor

| 4 . n g ou r rTo I r I r 5 ou r flufrou: rutin ri ouldr flufrrtr

rin rt oudruqflnln

t22

85

70.9

49..4


180

n.rrrrd H.zs druru $ssac rolngourfiulrrriuu{rninrlvlrurrfidfifrounficislruflslfiu

racn?ilqil1:o1{rtionsonlulrl risu 6 ruunnrrur ro{s

6snrru

r . {rn r { r f,dn4fi 1 odldiufinryouq ru{lo I fiuua vnauqu 3.53 I .20

1: nld r dsnoonlul: t ri su

z . {rn r dt$dn'i 1R1 t r fl r rsfsIrn'[drfionosnlu' l:r riuurflut rudtfiunalildlu1to

r . drn r 6rngoudo c h?nI rIf r do s I : n'[{ r fionsonuri

rin riuuracil:crrsu

+ . drn r 6r r ded rdrrin r€ ouuacil: crrcufine rruf r Eol

I: n1{ r 6onosnudao cn: cillindl dun: 't od$'t uut o

rorlrnd

s . {rn r {rFnd rn r rflol fiuuacnruqllrnl{ r 6ooosn

nrr r{lurnlldruu r $rlrdrdar! rtsqr

o . drfirin ri ourlaodauld r 6onoon{rn r dr r 6il1odoc

'[rJ6ne ru r d oluas ldar rlfurifrrlnnr os t fi n

z . drn r dr r dsd rdrfinr r deusoriur cfid r lfirurnc

I: q ri 0u scdlu't rorir Salrnld r f,saoonhir, un

lil1d

s . {r il r d I r dad r fi 0 Rt t uR'l r :Er I dlu r :d o t n r rflo I fiu

niuqul :an[{ r dsnsonna : nr cdr t sil'l c r doiin r r

rcilra$olI:n

s .{rnr dr rdodrlrnldrfionsonfiduor't utr',odqa

2.97 r.22

3 .50 t.26

3 .48 | .47

2 .66 I .33

3 .34" | .27

2 .4s 1 .30

3.24 I .48

1'?R

AU

lJ?R

U?R

1l?R

s.D. I finunfi

dru:-u r 6nis tiuu

3 .66 I .40 lf ?R


182

,.,rrud o. ro druru $ouac'oqngourriol:q 16oufrsilfnrlr;ru'tfi dfiurlgtlolunrrrlfrrifi

iluflslfiunruqtlrn'[drasnsonlul:.r riou,$ ruunnrlr r o{o

{onr rn x s.D. tsoua

nx{${r to

1.35 I nil

1.30

1.18

U?R

AU

1.24 | au

I .28 | U?n

| .23

L.24

U?R

lt?R

1.23 | ail

1.27 | Ulfl

1.08 | au

t.20 I ail

r . ri runs 1 o ludn : r r Qu r 6sud'tdfuluilo pTu Ia o r rtru

d r tilu r caufiurrlrdnr rlfufiatouoqiudr

z . r rulwtfi r d{o q?i r ufi na r lriun I hiufiirr findu

I . o r nd r urnisdri r ufi lon r adr r{d r unrit lumhd

tltn't :dqrnd r r 6uldo rn

4 . drun-ao ca r oonrisloud r odrfi lsn laldl rudfi

g ruv r rir r fiolfiud r urnil luilo lriu

s . n r : rl fi rio' q r u 1 ud r urri q d:ie s hiri r ufi I s n r ad$ r s

r 6u:60 ado r flu I

e . ri ru$dn4n1odl drlfirifi I ruluC r ulnisd

z . sruflsrfiunuqulrnl{rdoaoonlulrl rEuu fifio

ot trd tfirtluu. rruf,nr rruarru r r olfiriru

i s . q ru{lsq f,uracn auqul r n h? r fionoonlul : I t i tlu

l,flun't, rfiuoruldrirufufialsurrnrfiu'trJ

I g.drufiIsnratdrdrrrilrvql surru ufodalfionrru

I n',sisrnrr tnaofinurnuto{ tGllJoIl-r

I r o . qna r nc lu'l r s t€ uuoortfirluna ruer I r :o{o sdrlI

I O.r rfluqnnadfldaurhlfitruflsqfiultavn?lrlttlrn'li

I r6oossnlul:tr6ou'lfrnrnfiI

I r r . quu't n: lulr t t5 uurino sru rted rrJf ns t rasd t uu:

I o',ori',u rrioiiilqrtr rdsrfirrdssl{rflonosn

2.89

3 .53

2.72

3 .42

3.30

2.81

3.02

3

2.62

03

2.86

2.76


181

n1:1{d ru'29 (eio)

{onrru

I t o . lul: q r€ uuddrnr driun'nlouiinrrrJrsdlu{'luI

i fil t $rrrlrdcr t't rilclx rfluotir q6

I

i r r .{',nrdr rdo'j'ln?ttonaRr:dnul rioldofiuflslfiuI

i troldr6onoon6ndrnr:ralrq?ilftnl rioreirllI

i r z .drl.rrdrnr frrhifinrryucdtc rfluunris rnrvfiu{qt

i u.u'ldrouI

i, r . d', n r { r r de'i r fldfirtr sGllrR 1 ralmi onu r fiuf,rla od

l,flulrunldrf,onoonud.riurfudroc rdoqdrl:ndrfluI

I ouns 1s

x s.D.valnflunn

III

I

3.46

3 .22

2.72

2 .64

I .30

1.41

t.25

1.35

U?R

lJ? R

AU

NU


183

n1t1{d H.3o (e{o)

{onrru x s.D. rrffu

u:lgt'l o

t z .riruocaurslolrnndrd drrlnnaur snulu

Irs rSouf ro'trlo{ddu

t I . r dori rufifun r lun r Irlfirifi I ru {ril fiuriqr r to I

ri r uaul tdo s irifl s ua c hid r uucdr lun r : rrfi ltilqn r

rfluod r sd

t a .rirufida:clunr rfin dr uacfufinrslqruf,otfiu

i unrnuqtlraldrdsnoonlulrs r?sutdstirrr6ud

I r s .riruficiaudatlunl: ltruon? ru6n rfiulunr:rlfrrifiI

i rrulul:q tBuuI

i r e . {u?r,r r r lul r q r i ouri r u'hi ldh?n r : dfiurrqun 1 :I ,.di Ar tfiul ru$ssrirurriifrnrrI

l t, . ^u

o rut o tri r u'tri r flud ueu full o I {ril duriqr rI

i r e . fru?nrrlrt rSourirufinrruaunrrfiorrotrnrrru6t,I aarrryotorirlq6r:rruI

i r e . frlin r : c, o s d ruaul o hfln r tdfiutluun ? r ud r r rnh

I

I tor fildrirdrriqrrori r t o?r lcI

i z o . flo qriutlou't otduirs lun r lrlfirifil ruourfsI

I trorSoudtfi6ruauhitf,ulns

I z r .lulrr riourirufiqrlnroi rndssfio ,uf oul# tna

I

I ,i tue u lun I rrlfirifi.r ruflo s fiutraanalqll:n ld r 6oI

I sonod r I tfio wo

3.r4 I .38 lto

U?N3.30 t.25

3.28 t.27 U?R

3 .34 I .28 U?R

3 .05 I .3s lt?fl

3.O2

3.10

L.26

I .34

1l?R

il?n

oto.

AU

I

nl

3.31 I .40

I .82 0. 8l

2.01 1 .02 al|


184

n1r1{d fl.30 (cio)

z z . rirulri'ldfilna r ld rliio tun r nl: carut rufiu

qna 1 ntnt c druar I r rarqrr rrirdnrr

z r . ri rufdnlri r ih6ar c lun r :ilfiffi tru r nt 1 e { l uto {

rirudsr a rflun r rrl: carut luirufiuqna r or 6u1

z+ .itu{dnd r I rulunrruiufintoutslriru rflut rud

d,nto dr ts rir rrjsrnirs

z s . ri ru r fluf; ilfi ntoulunn s run r rfl s I fiuuassltlflu

ldriionoantul:r tisutotriru'[ridrnal ruriuts

z z . n r rrlfiriii l T un r lunul rudo I fiuunc nruqll : n'ld

r tisnoon lul r I r i ou r ri rdd ruu I fr q nhhlr

ceun ? 1 rl

dr r $ tn ufnqrl: Yel ddd rrrun'll

z s . d rufind 1 uu?n 1 s n r rflo sfiuunsn?ilqrll rn'[d r tilon

oonfi nr rtfn t oiluasf, 'l ll r torlr : qnan r lfnq

rJrge rd

rilurdul:

z e . ri rufi nd I na { tun1 tfl s I flurncnruqll r n'ld r iisn

s s n lul r r t ii uuts s ri r ulufl t lriufi t 1 ri r Sudri r ns t t


o1r.,qd gl.lr 6ruau gssas solrinr€uudurlrcnudnsrfld a-e ff*tinrl*trfi dfi

na rruf r doq I:ntdr 6isnssn'8 ruuonrl: r uds

d rort

185

6ruaurin r€'uu

douuqo

$o ooc

10.4

60 .0

79.6

69.3

84..9

15.3

34.9

7I .l

56 .9

72.9

47

270

358

312

382

69

r57

320

256

32E

385

293

3E7

354

3ll270

228

85.6

65.1

86 .0

78.7

69.1

60.0

50.7

r . lsnldr iieessn rflul: od rfludun: r u

odrrl:

2 . q{rar oscfisnulut aar 1n

I .aruludlunil !cfirtqra1 0luui r aillndrs

4 . q{o 1 stidnuatsunnci't s o r n q lvfinduod r q t:s.donrrrlngndot

6 . R'rt kfnr I uos turlunrnrclcidr dsllci

rioo rfrosln a

? . dolndldld$rdq tnr cfiu{g ra r o

8 . or n1 rdrdqto lIr nldr fisnsoniiocnlrfir t

s . lrnl{r iionesn6ndoldlno?i1n

to.{oarrlln'hiqndol

56nT rd rf,nurlriI rnr sfiu{qla r s

r.ciulddrdl rfrl#

z . dr rrlqnria

3 . CIl{toougl

+. uofiukinonhlantu I

5. s'ruto{11Qnil{1?

o .6'qd rruudlu#orrfr

7. rr.uso{rR:sotldulfi


n:rtud gz nr ruiilrf;rifr cud r I 5aq I qrlorsi uac r nfifiEd

r c dua r r rn$olto I n g aur rio

l cdufl a r iln9otto I n g ou r rio

qrln:aiarlump

nrr riuunltclou

rlos

druru(Yo)

rhuon r t

6ruru(70)

il'tR

druru(7o)

Chi -Squaro P-Value

h,l-nl

[.]:l.&r.?.I'hi'llf'",

l-%

F

',[r*

ffi*

Hy'

F

I

I

I

I

t

I

I

qi$onrr tiuunr:asu

ldfu

hildfu

hlarno$

ldllhildfu

uriufrl

1dflu

hildiu

i6Ie

ldiulrildiu

alad

ldirhildiu

rondlt ldlfiud

ldiu

hildfn

nl'logc ttlil

'l6iu

lrildfu

t(+.tlrr(rs.0)

rs(ro.s)

zo( r r .6)

l4(8.1 )

24(r4.0,

1 (0.6)

37(2t.s)

r(o.e)

37(2r.s)

l4(r. I )

zq(t4.0)

z(t.z)

36(20.e)

28(16.3)

90(52.3)

79(4s.e)

39(22.7)

s5(32.0)

63 (36.6)

0

rrs(es.e)

0

1 18(68.6)

55(32.0)

63 ( 36 .6)

61(35.s)

s7(33.1 )

3(1.7)

13(7.6,

rr(e.a)

5(2.e)

1o(5.8)

6(3.5)

0

16(e.3)

.0

l6(e.3)

7(4.r)

9(s.2,

e(5.2)

7 u.r)26.963

0.5t5 0.746

4.984 0 .082

3 .054 0.217

3.546 0.169

t.546 0.169

1.113 0.573

P-value < 0.05

41688

<o.oool'


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