FAD -01

Vectors

Vector or Scalar

• A vector quantity has both direction and magnitude (size).

• In contrast a scalar quantity has magnitude only

We use Arrows to Draw Vectors

• They have a Head and Tail

How are vectors drawn?

• The length of the vector arrow is used to represent its size (in this case 316N).

• The direction of the arrow is measured as we would any other direction (in this case -by the angle, which is 35˚ North of East)

Adding Force Vectors on the ‘Force Table’

What forces are acting on the climber?

Gravitational pullof Earth on climber

Reaction Force of rock on climber

Resultant force?

Add vectors by placing them head to tail

R = 0

Adding Velocity Vectors in a Line

Adding Velocity Vectors in a Line

Some more examples

Remember: the resultant vectorcould be negative (or in this case to the left)

Resultant Vector

• When we add two or more vectors, it is absolutely crucial to take the direction of the vectors into account.

• The process of adding two or more vectors is known as finding the RESULTANT of the vectors.

• The resultant of two or more vectors is the single vector that could replace those vectors and still have the same effect in terms of both magnitude and direction.

Perpendicular Vectors

• Things are slightly more complicated when vectors are not in a straight line. For example, when vectors are perpendicular to each other.

Are these planes experiencing a tail wind, head wind or cross wind?

tail wind, head wind or cross wind?

What’s happening?

Another Example

What forces are acting on the climber?

Pull of rope on climber

Reaction force of rock on climber

Gravitational pullof earth on climber

The sum of these vectors is zeroThe man is in Equilibrium

Order in which the vectors are added does not matter

Horse towing a canal boat

Resultant vectorAn imaginary vector which has thesame effect as other vectors added together

Pull of horse on boatReaction forceof water on rudder

Regroup!!

• Finalise your vector scalar groups

• Copy these two groups into your notes

Scalar VectorSpeed Displacement

Distance Acceleration

Time Velocity

Mass Force

Energy Momentum

Temperature Moment

Volume Current

Density

Frequency

Charge

Power

Resistance

Activity

Pressure

Vector Addition Game

• Draw a route from Home Base to Base One.

• Rule 1 – You can only move horizontally or vertically

• Rule 2 – Each section must be a whole numbers of squares.

Base One