february congressional record-senate 4629 27, 1967 congressional record-senate 4629 janssen, richard...

February 27, 1967 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- SENATE 4629 Janssen, Richard C. Leaverton, Shirley E. Jarrell, Roland, Jr. Leblanc, Carl J. Jernigan, Charles R. Ledger, Ralph Jewett, Joseph M. Lee, Thomas W. Johnson, James A. Leininger, Jack L. Johnson, Martin B. Lepak, Theodore W. Johnson, Richard 0. Lephart, Larry G. Johnson, Richard M. LeWis, Ralph Johnston, Bobbie J. Lidyard, John A. Joiner. George L., Jr. Lightsey, Regenald F. Jones, Jimmy C. Lile, Brian K. Jones, John A. Lincoln, John C. Jones, John L. . Linn, Robert F. K. Jones, Linza J. Little, Fosterlor, Jr. Jones, Lynn F. Littlejohn, Jun D Jones, Robert A. Lonetti, Frank J. Jones, Sidney A., lli Longhouser, Garland Juck, Leonard P. A., Jr. Julian, John E. Lovelace, W1111am J. Kammerer, Roger E. Lowery, Paul J. Kane, Robert F. LukasieWicz, Frank W. Kane, Robert J. Luna, Albert Kasparian, John P. Lynn, Joel J. Kearney, Brantley E. Lyons, Donald E. Keating, Joseph R. Lyons, Joseph E. Kelter, Eugene L. Machovec, Richard A. Keller, Clinton 0. Madden, Jimmie E. Keller, William H., III Maloy, Raymond L. Kelly, Daniel W. Mahoney, Joseph F., Kelly, Joseph J. Jr. Kelly, Thomas E. Mallon, George 0., Jr. Kemmerer, Janet M. Manning, John E. Kemp, Bruce A. Mannion, James P., Kendall, Peter C., III Jr. Kenyon, William 0. Marr, Joseph L. Kerch, Richard J. Martin, Kenneth w. Kiehl, Edward P. Martin, W1lliam E. Kldd, Arthur J. Marvin, Earl A. Kilbourn, Frank D. Mason, Frank R. Kiley, John J., Jr. Matherly, Junior L. Kilpatrick, John F. Maxfield, Charles L. Kimber!, John D. Mayfield, Herman P. King, Kenneth M. Mays, Arthur, Jr. Klein, Charles McCall, Alonzo B. Klein, Harold D. McCall, Jimmy E. Knagge, Joseph G. McClinchle, Alex-Knox, Earl L. ander, III Koelln, Kenneth A. McConnell, George J. Koclolek, John S. McDonough, Donald Kolb, Theodore R. H. Kolek, Da vld L. McDonough, Francis Koran, John G., Jr. M. Korn, Ambrose E., Jr. McGinnis, Harold s., Kozma, Joseph M. Jr. Krawiec, Edward P., McGlumphy, Mack L.

Jr. McGrory, Patrick A. Krell, Frederick W. McKee, Jack, Jr. Kuykendall, Paul G. McLellan, Roberts., Labarge, Roland L. IV Labash, Robert D. McLelland, James W. Lada, Samuel G.- McLennan, Donna R. Laferte, Robert W. McReynolds, Jack L. Lainhart, MichaelS. McWhorter, Donald G. Lama, Ivars Mears, Donald E. Lambdin, Robert B. Meier, Bobby L. Lamey, Carl E. Melson, David H., Jr. Lane, Gerald S. Meston, Ward B. Larkin, Robert L. Micucci, Charles P. Larrabee, Allen W. Mlelnickl, Walter M. Larson, John H. M1ller, Augl.lst 0. Latour, Leonard W. Miller, Sherwood M. Latshaw, Clarence C., Minch, Harry E.

Jr. · Minnis, Hubert T.

Mlskin, Edward T. Plaskett, Alrid E. Mitchell, James G. Poe, Wlllard ·D. Mitchell, John A. Poling, Lawrence D. Moen, Dale A. Pomlchter, Stanley D. Montgomery, Michael Poole, Henry J.

T. Poole, William S. Montoya, Cecilia Pouliot, Armand -R. Moody, Rex B. Powers, John A. Moore, Clarence G. Price, Ronnie K. Morgan, Jimmy B. Pyne, Horatio E. Morris, Allan R. Quaglia, Joseph J., Jr. Morrison, Irwin D. Quebodeaux, Anthony Morrison, John R. P. Morrissette, Joseph R. Ream, Edward P. Morrissey, Paul H. Rector, James S. Morow, Melvyn T. Register, Charlton L. Moss, John c. Reichler, James R. Moss, Michael J. Renau, Thomas T. Mosser, William A. Reynolds, Trace J. Mott, Robert J. Rhine, John R. Moulder, John G. Rice, Arnold A. Mouton, Joseph Richards, Edward T. Mowatt, Donald L. Richardson, Kilburn Mowry, George T. E. Mullen, Richard H. Richey, Ollen R . .. Murdoch, Arthur R. Rijfkogel, Herman Nauth, Paul G. Rine, John H., Jr. Nee Dels, Charles F., Riser, Jerome E.

Jr. Ritenour, Donald F. Needham, Richard L. Roberts, Harry F. Nelson, David E. Roche, James J. Newman, Billy R. Roepke, Lyonel K. Norris, Gerald E. Rohleder, William P. Norris; Richard C., Jr. Rooney, Phillip B. O'Brien James E. Rothrock, Richard L. O'Connor, Bri:an R. Rudd, Claude T. Odell, George W. T. Ruddick, Morris E., Odom, James E. Jr .. Ogg, Robert c. Russell, Vincent B., O'Neil, Edward P. B. Jr. Oquendo, Juan s. Rusthoven, Bernard O'Roark, Alfred W. R. Osborne, Bobby L. Ruth, John R. Osborne, Phyllis s. Rynne, Edward M. Ott, Clair E. Sachse, Richard D. Overcash, "W" "P" Saldivar, John G. Overton, Harold B. Samples, John B. Page, Frederick H. Sandmeyer, Robert P. Painter, Wllliam R. Schaffer, Robert K. Paris, Robert T. Scheetz, Paul V., Jr. Parson, Charles A. Schenck, Kenneth W. Pasieka, Stanley J., Jr. Scherer, Melvin A. Pate, Eugene L. Scheurich, John A. Patterson, James H. Schlott, Robert L. Patterson, Robert E. Schmidt, Gary M. Patterson, Wilbert L. Schmidt, Ralph C. Payne, Jimmy A. Schneider, Oharles J., Peabody, Charles P. Jr. Pearson, Ronald K. Schott, Michael L. Pendas, Gerard G., Jr. Schuette, Charles E. Peter, James E. Schutz, Peter G. Peters, W1111am J. Scott, James H. Peterson, Carl E. Scott, Janice C. Peterson, Clark A. Scott, John W. Petruna, Michael N., Scott, Wayne J.

Jr. Scuras, James B. Pfeiffer, Frank L. Seiple, William C. Pfrimmer Francis L. Sellers, WalterS. Philipp, James L. Shahan, Billy J. Phillips, Lloyd G. Shandor, Joseph P., Plerce, ,Darvln D. Jr. Pierson, Abel D. Sharratt, James R. Pigeon, Troy J. Shaw, Oscar E.

Shearer, Robert A. Tracy, Brandon L. Sheckler, Herman D. Tracy, Normand C. Shine, Thomas R. Treon, William W. Silen, Tony Trippleton, Eugene M Sim, Craig S. Tucci, Alan J. Simmons, Clyde B. Tunmire, David C. Singer, William R. rurner, Frank L. Slater, Robert M.S. rurner, Joseph G., Jr. Smith, Aaron A. Tyndall, William F. Smith, Harry R. Tyynlsmaa, Robert R. Smith, Lidge w. Uritescu, Jerry Smith, Ronald L. Valent, Stephan Snodgrass, Russell A. Vaughan, Isaac R. Sobotor, Francis E. Vaughn, David B. Sorrell, Jerry E. Vaughn, James 0. Souza, Richard E. Verceles, Federico T. Spalding, Vincent A. Vigil, Leroy Spencer, Charles w. Visnick, Donald D. Spicer, W1111am R. Wahlers, Larry F. Stagnaro, Charles J. Walker, Marvin D. Stambaugh, Harold W. Walkup, William D. Stanko, Stephen J. Walrath, Ernest H. Stankosky, Michael A. Walsh, Charles E. Stant, James E., Jr. Ward, Anthony L. Stanton, Lloyd E., Jr. Wasson, JesseR. Steed, Billy C. Webber, Ralph L. Steed, James A. Welch, John H., III Steiman, Bobby Welch, Stanley R. Stevermer, Brian M. Wells, Darrell A. Stewart, Robert E. Whipple, W1lliam L. St. Denis, Harold J., Jr.White, Herman Stl113on, FrederlC'k c. Whitlatch, Thomas H. Stimpson, Robert E. Wiener, Thaddeus D. Stock, Frederick J. Wiggins, William C. Stockdale, James A. Wlktorek, W1lliam A. Stoltzfus, David s. Wilding, James L. Stone, Gerald A. Wileman, Charles R. Strickland, Ralph Williams, Albert Sullivan, Davids. Williams, Marvin L. Sulllvan, Francis H. Wills, James E . Sullivan, Jeremiah J. Wilson, Eugene S. Sumner, Donald w. Wilson, Leroy L., Jr. Sutton, Terry D. Wisdom, Hershel E. Sweet, Cyrus C. Wood, Larry A. SWidonovich, Eugene Wooci, Lloyd C. Swindell, Thomas E. Wood, Mlllard W. Swinea, Larry C. Wood, Myron C. Sylvester, Gerald W. Woods, James M. Sylvia, Joseph R. Woodward, Robert L. Tackitt, Loyce M. Wooldridge, Debney Talley, Lee D. E., III Tanzer, Lowell E. Wright, Howell F. Tanzey, Theodore E. Wuest, Karl E. Tauber, Gerald L. . Wyant, Richard N. Tf!,ylor, Thomas W. Yadon, Thomas L. Terrell, Jack T. Yost, Jere W. Thobois, Paul, Jr. Young, Donald C. Thomas, Dewey A. Young, Louis L., Jr. Thomas, John H. Youngblood, Thea-Thomas, Paul R. dore A. Thompson, Dallas E. Zeltvogel, Joseph A. Thompson, Don 0. Zerbe, Edward M. Thompson, Jerry C. Ziegler, Earl K. Thornton, William A., Bromley, Austin ·w.

Jr. Carr, Wllllam R. Thrasher, David R. Deaver, Richard Thrasher, Moris D. Hagan, Stephen H. Tickle, Randall K. Harris, Russell G. Tidwell, John Mlsemer, Frank G. Tipton, Richard J. Pase, Robert R. Toland, Owen J. Teasley, Jack G. Toma, Masao Volack, Robert G. Tonack, Leland B.

EXTENSIONS OF R.E·MARKS

Anniversuy of Estonian Independence

EXTENSION OF REMARKS OF

HON. DONALD RUMSFELD OF U.LINOIS

IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

Monday, February 27, 1967 Mr. RUMSFELD. Mr. Speaker, Feb

ruary 24 marked the 49th anniversary of

the declaration of independence of the Republic of Estonia. On this day in 1918, the people of this historic land proclaimed a free democratic republic, and during the First World War successfully defended themselves against both German and Soviet offensives, which resulted in the renouncement of all claims to the territory of Estonia. The natiop then set to the task of expanding her agrictilture and industry and promoting trade with other nations. In the atmos-

· phere of freedom, the people of Estonia made great progress.

Then came World War II, and in violation of existing treaties the overwhelming military might of the Soviet Union · ~;~.nd of Germany alternated in occupying this land and depriving its citizens of their freedoms, culminating in the forced incorporation of the country into the U.S.S.R. The United States and other Western countries have refused to recognize this annexation.

4630 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- SENATE Febtuary 27, 1967

Although the people of Estonia have been silenced and cannot openly commemorate this memorable day in the history of their country, we know that they continue to hope and work for liberation. And we who cherish the principles of freedom and justice must continue to share these hopes to rest.ore the independence of these people and the neighboring Baltic nations that have fallen behind the Iron Curtain.

Soviet Armed Forces Day in Washington

EXTENSION OF REMARKS OJ'

HON. JOHN R. RARICK OF LOUISIAN~


Monday, February 27, 1967 Mr. RARICK. Mr. Speaker, I cried

last night, in memory ·of. fellow Americans -who gave their lives in the cause of liberty and for our country. I prayed, "What will ~ver become of these United StaJtes?" ,

The revolting spectacle of our top military generals and admi.rals engaged in hospitality with Communist soldiers and agents here in Washington constitutes a mockery to every uniformed fighting man. And some of these same command officers had, just weeks ago, forbid their battle·w.eary troops to socialize in South Africa because of segregation.

The gala occasion was for the Communist Russian Armed Forces Day celebration at the Russian Embassy right here in the National Capital. A great victory for the image of world communism, and not a shot fired. But what about the image of our national leaders to the folks at home? .

Noted dining and honoring the Communist military appaJ;atus . were Gen. Jack Thomas ·of the Air Force, Genera1. Johnson, Chief of Stafi', GeJ:leral Taylor', Adm. David McDonald, Admiral Rittenhouse, and Vice Adm. Lot Ensey, and a host of lesser lights. In fact, according to the local society page coverage, some 700 were in attendance. Are we to believe they merely .compared their campaign medals and toasted. the revolu-tion? · .

I do not impugn the integrity of these military leaders as I realize they ' were probably in attendance under orders. But have they considered the damaging effect upon the men under their command caused by their presence and the purpose they lauded? With our people already suspicious about the war's progress, they will now be more divided than ever. By their indiscretion these men of high rank have wreaked more havoc on the "peace through victory" effo:t than · all of the preacherniks and peace marchers combined. Just ask mom and dad, "Do you want to give your son to the command and at the mercy of leaders who cavort with .Communists and praise the great record of the Red army?'' And what do you think would be the retort ,from · Johnny Doughboy ·somewhere on the frontline in Vietnam? Some might even wonder if all this Com-

munist socializing by our high command in Washington, which is now come to light, could have any explanation as to why our boys are not permitted to win in Vietnam.

I do not know your feelings, but as for me, these generals and admirals have disgraced our flag and trampled under foot the faith and confidence of the people of our land. By association, their uniforms are now stained with the innocent blood of the millions of victims who have fallen under the aggression of the Red army.

The damage has now been done. These admirals and generals must be given no out They must either resign for the good of America or be removed from command as unfit. An inv,estigation must be immediately instituted into the Pentagon leadership and the State Department so that our people are clearly advised as to who set up this program and who is dtlling these devastating signals. It may resolve that the next political election. will be .Alpericans versus Communists, if it is ·not ther .. too late: It is ali up to you, ·mom · and dad-Mr. Citizen on the Street-you are now the frontline strength of America.

Estonian Independence

EXTENSION OF REMARKS · OF

HON. JAMES J. :HOWARD OF NEW JERSEY


Monday, February 27, 1967 ' Mr. · HOWARD. Mr. Speaker, last

Friday,. February 2'4, marked the day, exactly 49 years ago, when more than a million Estonians established an independent, peace-loving nation dedicated to the betterment of their children's ~ives , ~d fUlfillment of their fathers' dreams.

History records for us the tremendous progress the small nation accomplished despite the years of depression that hit Europe and despite the constant threats of her greedy neighbors. Estonia's economy grew steadily between 1920 and 1939 and considerable achievement was made in the arts as well as in the growing field of industrialization.

In a short period of time the Estonian nation had shown that it could reach great heights through democratic selfgovernment and had rightfully earned its place in the community of nations.

· However, secret pacts between Nazi Germany and Communist Russia, the

· so-called nonaggression· pacts between the two mightiest aggressors of modem Europe, soon led to a Soviet sphere of inft.uence in the Baltic States. Military arrests and mass persecutions followed and Estonia was overrun. During the first year of Soviet oecupation, there was a manpower loss of over 60,000 meri of all ages and classes. Ten thousand of these were removed in a single night as a part' of the well-synchronized Communist plot. Arioth~r ~0.000 Estonians ·who resisted Soviet collectivism and fought

in the underground for reestablishment of their beloved homeland were deported between 1944-49. By that time the Communists had added another reluctant member to its growing empire.

But despite 27 years of displacement, the mighty spirit of the fighting Estonians remains unbroken. I was deeply moved by the volume of mail I received from Estonian-Americans from every part of our Nation when I joined my colleagues in sUpporting House Concurrent Resolu.tion 416.-in the 89th Congress.

There is ·much to be learned from the tragic events of 1940 and it is important for all Americans to focus upon the patnful lessons of the past as we reaffirm our commitments ·to the democratic nations of the world today. The free world cannot remain quiet while men are denied their ..liberties, while families are massacred and cultures destroyed-all this to create more monuments to the living death that is communism.

Let us hope and pray that the Estonian people will one day soon see the recreation of a fr·ee state and once again enjoy the freedom which is democracy's lifeblood.

Estonian Independence Day


.t HON. GLENN·. CU~NINGHAM I OF NEBRASKA

IN .THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

MondaY,, February 27, 1967

~{

Mr. CUNNINGHAM. Mr. Speaker, today our hearts are heavy as we recall the poignant memory ·of the lost independence of Estonia. The brave Estonian people awaited through dark centuries of foreign subjugation the opportunity to regain their individual and national freedom. That opportunity was finally afforded them by Russian preoccupation with its internal struggles at the time of World War I. On February 24, 1918, the Estonians declared their independence.

By the fall , of that year they were again under siege by the Russian invading forces. With the aid of a few allies, this small nation valiantly fought to preserve its independence, resulting in the withdrawal of Russian troops. The peace treaty signed between Ru8sia and Estonia Qn February 2, 1920, insured Estonian sovereignty and territorial integrity. The treaty did not represent the true intentions of the Soviet Union visa-vis Estonia as· evidenced by a statement by Lenin at the time:

We do not want to shed the blood of workers and Red Army soldiers for the sake of a piece of land, especially since this concession is not forever.

The Soviet concession was, indeed, not forever. Russian Communists continued throughout the 21 years of Estonian independence to try to undermine the government through espionage and underground activities. The advent of World War II enabled the Soviet Union to reoccupy Estonia, terminating its brief historical respite from foreign subjugation.

February 27, 1967 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- SENATE 4631 In order to solidify its control over Estonia the So.viet Union ·has resorted to mass deportations and terrorist techniques.

OUr hearts go out today to the Estonian people who have withstood such cruel suffering and who have retained an indomitable spirit. We. add our prayersto theirs for their liberation from Soviet enslavement.

Address by Secretary of Agriculture Orville L. Freeman

EXTENSION OF. REMARKS OF

HON. W. R. POAGE OF TEXAS

lN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

Monday, February 27, 19~7 Mr. POAQ-E .. Mr. Speaker, .under

leave to extend my remarks in the REcORD, I include the following . address by Secretary of Agriculture Orville L. Freeman to the annual meeting of the National Rural Electric Cooperative Association;'9ivic Auditorium, San Francisco, Calif., February 22, 1967. · ·

The addresS follows: · . My remarks today · will be · three-f-old.

First, a report on the new era in agriculture which the Nation is entering in this seventh decade of the 2oth Century; second, a brief analysis of some of the largely-unrecogni~d forces that are causing urban,... rural imbalanqe in our Nation; and, finally, a request that NRECA, . which has done so much for America in the-. ~t. !ead a sweeping rural renaissance to shape its future. - I last attended an NRECA convention in 1963 . . . f-our yeal's ago. Four years is a short time, scarcely a pause in one man's lifetime. Yet the world 'is a very different place. Great men h-ave passed from the ·national scene; others have taken their places; great issues have been decided; new ones are fast upon us. And nowhere is this dizzying pace of change more evident than in agriculture.

1. A NEW ERA IN AGRICULTURE

Agriculture is a very different industry toQ.ay from what it was in 1963, or even a year ago. Witness with me the changed dimensions of this industry as it enters a new era in 1967:

1. Food surpluses have disappeared, and an end to surpluses in cotton and tobacco is within our grasp. At long last we are able to produce for use, rather than for storage. Surpluses, other than temporary oversupplies caused by weather variation, can become a thing of the past as we rely increasingly on reverse acreage and improved technology instead of top-heavy stocks. . 2. Farm income, both gross and net, has' increased markedly. Le;st year gross farm income was the P,ighest in history and national net farm incmhe was the second highest. Net income per farm, also at the highest level in history, topped $5,000 last year, up 70 percent from 1960. ·

3. Demand for agricultural products in the United States and the world is strong and will remain so for the foreseeable future. E;xports .. Qurlp~ 19q6 totaled some $6.9 billion and will surpass $7 billion this year ..

0 •

4. The free market, much praised but little utilized during the fifties, is now freer of government controls than it has been in ~cades. The government, for all practical purposes, •is out of the market.

5. The "graduation rate" of smaller farms into the "adequate-sized" category has accelerated in recent years. Since 1959, nearly 200,000 family farms graduated · into . the $10,000-a-year or .larger gross income class. The living standards of these farm . fam11ies have risen accordingly.

All of these items represent striking progress, of course. But having ac}.tnowledged ~he advances, let me also emphatically express my dissatisfaction with the fact that, despite the steady progress of the past six y~ars, t!J.e farmers income still lags behind that of other Americans.

On a per capita basis, · the farmer's income is· $1,700. Other Americans average $2,610 per capita.

Farm prices, tho_ugh up last year, have been <;to~n the last fe.w months, and today are less than the 1947-49 ave'r~ge. At the same time, food costs are .35 percent higher.

This t~e farmer bitterly resents-and properly so. ~ 0

.This discrepancy must be corrected. It must be corrected because it is unfair to the farmer. and therefore wrong. It must be correc.ted because if farmers don't get a fair return commensurate with the other segments of society, we will lose our best farmers. If that happens,' the entire Nation, 'not just the farmer, will be hurt.

-~his Monday, some ·400 farm, commodjty and other le~ers, representing more than 50 organizations, cqnferred with me in Wash-· ~ngtqn qn the ways ·and means to correct this discrepancy, to bring commercial agriculture further into the mainstream of Am~rican ecqnomic prosperity. · . President · Johnson, describing hiinself whimsically as an "unsucceSf[lful . part-time rancher," met with these farm ~epresenta-, tives at a White House luncheon, where he expressed once again his determination that· this .Nation should accomplish parity of inQOD;le for its farmers. ' Just before I left Washington late yesterday to fly to San Francisco, President Johnson telephoned to say he was so pleased with his meeting with farm leaders and so impressed by the Farm Policy Conference itself that -he wants me to make it an annual event.

The President, called the Conference "suc~essful and constructive" and said he was impressed : with the sincerity of the recommendations made by farm leaders who participated. He said he looks forward-and certainly I look forward, as well-to. continuing the dialogue with farm and commodity leaders at this highest level.

The Presidential directive is in keeping with statements President Johnson made to farmers and ranchers attending the Conference. He told them: "I want to appeal to t~e farm industry in advance to give us your suggestions, your ideas, your counsel, and · your patience."

His instructions to hold annual farm policy conferences will mea~ that all segments of farming a~d ranching and all commodity groups will be heard ditectly at the White House. At the same time, they_ will receive direct and up-to-d~te reports on what the ~overnment is doing to carry out farm programs. -

The Conference discussions were open. The comments and suggestions had the sound and the meaning and sincerity of the "grass roots." The · President recognized this.

. The Department of Agriculture already has ·begun a careful . study of the recom~ menqations and proposals offered by farmers, livestock producers, and commodity groups at the Feb. 20 meeting. . . I · r need not tell this audience that the Presiqen~ is also deeply interested- 1n the supplemental financing program for rural electric and telephone cooperatives. Again t~s year this Administration is strongly supporting _legislation to accomplish this purpose. We should. not undere~timate the

difficulties of passing this legislation, given the present composition of the Congress and the powerful opposition to its enactment. But passage is vital if we are to continue ~he same wide-ranging, progressive rural electrification program that has meant so niuch to ·the development of th-is Nation in the past.

I shall not belabor this poin;l;, since it. has been covered in such detail by previous speakers. Suffice it ~o say tha.t rural elect.ric cooperatives are · being called upon to serve some l50,Q90 additional consumers each year. , Rural power requirements w111 triple in .another two decades. These needs, plus those of rural telephone cooperatives, will. require . an estimated $11 billion in new capital during the next 15 year's. This is more than double th~ amount provided in Congressional appropriations · over the ·past 15 years. I speak from hard-earned personal experience when I say that supplemental financing is the only way to obtain the bulk of this . additiol).al required capital. There is little or no likelihood that Congress will appropriate such vast su~s .tor rural power.

2. THE FACE OF THE FUTURE ·

So far', I have reported to. you only on. the status of agriculture: still the mainstay • of etlonomic life .in rural Ametica, still the ntbst important single industry in- our national life. I know .that agriculture is a subject of prime interes1; to everyone in this· hall, and the source of livelihOOd for many of you.

But I know also that members of NRECA, and for the most part, other residents of country and small-town America also are deeply concerned with the urgent need for accelerated rural development. · You hav-e proved this · by past actions, in what Clyde Ellis calls "a continuing crusade f-or a better America." .

Since 1961, rUral electric and telephone systems have ·sponsored nearly 2,100 projects which created some "180,000 new jobs in rural America. To this extent, you have already shaped the future-for if you had not acted to obtain these jobs in rural areas, there is little doubt that many, if not most of them, would have been gone to already-booming metropolitan areas, where most of the ·new j{)bs in. the past decade have already landed. · Let's take a closer look at this matter of

new job locations in the United States, because doing so points up a fact that is too often overlooked.

Over the past 15 years,- 13.6 m1llion new jobs were. created in the national economy. But during this same period, the population and the number of people holding jobs in rural America remained about the same. Now, obviously, new jobs were added to .rural America--you helped add many of them. But out the back door, rural America lost about an equal amount of jobs, so that the total number of jobs in areas classified "rural" remained almost the same.

And so, as a practical matter, those 13.6 million new jobs went to areas classed "urban" in the census.

The foregoing is merely one indicator of a deep-seated, chronic, and increasingly serious problem facing the entire Nation. It can be described as a rural America starved for opportunity; an urban America increasingly atarved for open space. We ·have lost our urban-rural balance. .

Let me give you another .indicator. We all know ·that the country-to-elty population shift has been going on for a long. time. But few of us are aware just how far it has progressed. As of today, 70 percent of our population-roughly 140 .million out of 200 million Americans--live on that 1 percent of the continental land mass classified as "urban.•• The other 6.0 mlllion o.f us rattle around in the other 99 percep.t of the land clas.sed as "rural."

And as the old saying goes, "we ain't seen nothing yet." Mark the second hand on your watch ... now. Keep looking at it and mark

4632 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- SENATE February 27, 1967

again when 12 seconds have passed. Sometime in those 12 seconds another person was added to U.S. population.

The U.S. Census Bureau can predict with some accuracy future U.S. population trends. It has prepared four estimates, each dependent on d11ferent variables, ranging from a high estimate of 356 million Americans to a low of 280 m1llion in the year 2000, just 33 years from now.

In previous talks on Agriculture/2000, a series of exploring the future of rural America, we have relied on one of the more conservative estimates, 300 m11lion-which is 100 m1llion more Americans than we have with us today.

To gain an insight of what this means, I hope you'll try a little experiment while you're in San Francisco. Go up to the Top of the Mark Hopkins, or the Fairmont, .and look out over the city. You'll be gazing down on the Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area encompassing San . Francisco, Oakland, and adjacent communities. You won't see all of it, but you'll see most, if the weather cooperates.

Multiply what you see by 33 times. Enough more Americans to populate 33 cities of this size will be with us in the Year 2000.

And then, if you will, think this one over. According to present estimates, about 4 out of 5 of these new Americans will be settling in areas like the one you're looking at--and other heavily urbanized areas--and only 1 out of 5 will settle in predominantly rural areas.

By the turn of the century, if present trends continue unchecked, San Francisco will have become part of a super megalopolis stretching from here to the Mexican border, 500 miles to the south, and containing 40 m11lion people. This strip city-there wm be 4 other strips like it--will house 174 mlllion Americans on urbanized land ranging in density from 660 to 2,600 people per square mile.

These five super-strip cities and other urbanized areas will be located on less than 9 percent of our land area. Residents will get up earlier, spend more time breathing their neighbors' car exhaust, and return home later. Superhighways and mass transit systems will soak up increasing amounts df urban land in a frantic race to keep the city mobile. If past trends are an indication, crimes of violence will increase as urban life becomes increasingly more depersonalized and hopeless for the disadvantaged.

Nor can we count with any certainty on being rescued by technology from such a reckless concentration of people, vehicles, and industry. The number of automobiles is increasing at a rate twice that of U.S. population. By the year 2000 we shall have an estimated 200 million cars in the U.S.nearly 3 times as many as today. With this many mobile pollution sources crowded into 9 percent of the land area, even the most stringent anti-pollution ordinances will do litle more than preserve the status quo, if that. Pollutants produced by industry, sewage plants, and land development will increase apace.

This is one face of the future. It is a prediction, of course, and a prediction isn't necessarily a blueprint. But if this is the kind of America we want, then nothing additional needs to be done. This is the kind of America we'll have, given a continuation of present trends.

But the future is not immutable, not in America, not if you share the belief of that perceptive visitor to our shores, Alexis de Tocqueville, who observed, more th.an a century ago:

" ... in the (American's) eyes, what is not yet done is only what he has not yet attempted to do."

We can have another kind of an America, if we care enough:

We can have an America of 300 million

people living in leEs congestion than 200 million live in today, with new industry dotting rural America, providing the jobs where the people want to live.

We can have an America with parity of opportunity-in agriculture, in educ.ation, in community facilities and in jobs--an accomplished fact.

This is the kind of America/2000 I believe in, and it's the kind you believe in, too. You have proved this by your actions in 'the past.

But if we want this, if we really :want our population and the jobs to support them more widely dispersed over the land, then a decided and determined effort to modify the future is needed. This latter course of action is the one that the Secretary, and the Department of Agriculture have been pursuing for six years now.

I shall not recite the accomplishments of this six years of effort. We started from zero in this whole field of building a Viable rural economy, and suffice is to say, we have made some progress. Of prime importance, I think, is not so much what we have done, but what we have learned. Let me outline a few of the salient ideas I think are important in rural development.

Local involvement The first is local involvement, as trite and

as self-evident as that sounds. With it, all things are possible. Without it, all of the Federal and State programs in the world can't help much. A community that doesn't want to be helped can't be helped. This is basic, and this local involvement is what our Rural Area Development committees and Technical Action Panels have been attempting, with varying degrees of success, to stimulate. I urge much more of such etl'ort on your part. Local electric and telephone cooperatives are particularly wellequipped to provide the local leadership which is the key to building a new rural America.

The larger community We could call the second basic thing we've

discovered a "concept of the larger community." We've found that the formal political subdivisions of county, township and municipality are being replaced by functional boundaries determined in practice by the commuting distance to jobs, the availability of services within driving range and other fac.tors relating 'to present-day transportation and communication. No one has decreed these larger boundaries. The people in rural areas have set them themselves by everyday use.

In practice, this concept reminds us that development efforts limited to the resources of one county, or one town, which do not -take into account the larger functional community, fail to realize their full potential. Conversely, if the larger functional community is considered, exciting and meaningful development can be accomplished.

By combining resources, multi-county areas can compete with' large metropolitan areas. They can , hire the trained technical and planning people :p.eeded to combine their own resources with Federal and. regional development programs to get quick but meaningful results.

Facilities Third, we've learned the value of com

munity facilities. The REA, the NRECA and local cooperatives electrified the countryside. We knew, even back in the thirties, that electricity was a prerequisite for rural development. We've learned in the past few years that a safe, central source of water is just as important--that community fac111-ties, including cultural and recreation fac111-tles, help get plants and jobs to rural areas, and that industry looks long and hard at local education and health facilities when they're making plant location decisions: And s<;> the Department is doing its best to

help provide the water and sewer systems and recreation fac1llties for rural areas, just as we continue with you the fight to get adequate power. At the same time, other Federal agencies are involved in helping local communities upgrade rural education.

The final thing we've learned, and the subject on which I shall devote the remainder of my time tOday, is this:·

We have learned that the primary reason rural areas are lagging behind urban areas; the primary reason that we face the threat of an America/2000 of congested, clogged strip cities, is that we lack any widely-accepted national policy on rural-urban balance.

Without such a policy, the issue of whether we want widespread dispersal of our people over available land or continuing enlargement and impaction of presently urbanized areas simply does not enter into the decision-making process of Federal, State, and local governments, or private industry.

Here's what lack of such a national policy means in cold, hard reality, and this is just one example:

A Department of Argiculture study undertaken several years ago showed that out of $28 billion expended in prime military contracts, 23 percent went to one State alone, California. It is estimated that this public expenditure created some 1.2 million jobs in the State. During the following fiscal year, Californi.a received 60 percent of the $6.3 billion Defense research and development funds. All this to one State alone, and within that State, the contracts went primarily to urban areas. During the same year the total amount of public monies expended for job creation in rural areas under the old Area Redevelopment Act was $267 m1llion-or less than 1 percent of the amount expended on prime defense contracts that year. · This disparity, surprisingly, caused practically no public comment at the time, and has caused little comment since. It stm exists.

This is not to say that the only consideration in awarding contracts should be development of rural areas. But I do think it is legitimate to ask whether this kind of expenditure, while serving the national defense need, which is primary, might also be tooled up to serve the larger national interest at the same time. Consideration should be given to this.

Stating the problem, of course, is easier than solving it. But efforts are being made now to hammer out a national policy on urban-rural balance, and questions like these are being asked more and more frequently:

"What is a desirable maximum size for any one metropolitan area?

What are the real social costs, ultimately' borne by the taxpayers, of a continuing de· population of rural areas and an increasing impaction of urban areas?

What can the private and public sectors do, working together, to answer the needs of a rural America starved for jobs, and an urban America starved for space?"

Questions like these are being asked not only by those traditionally concerned with rural development, They're being asked by urban observers, too. One such observer iS author J. P. Lyford who, in his monumental study of the New York City slums, "The Airtight Cage," had this to say:

"Why, for instance, must huge concentrations of unemployed and untrained human beings continue to pile up in financially unstable cities that no longer have the jobs, the housing, the educational opportunities, or any of the other prerequisites for a healthy and productive life? Why do we treat the consequences and ignore the causes of massive and purposeless migration to the city? Why are we not developing new uses for those rural areas that are rapidly becom· ing depopulated? Why do we still instinc-,

February 27, 1967 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- SENATE 4633 tively deal with urban and rural America as if they were separate, con1Ucting interests when in fact neither interest can be served independently of the other?"

As of today, these are questions without effective answers. As of today, no nationallyrecognized, responsible and articulate organization or spokesman in the private sector of our national life is bringing these deep and fundamental issues before the public.

The Nation badly needs such a spokesman. It needs more: It needs a strong, reso'lirceful, and effective national organization to support the passage and funding of programs in the U.S. Congress which will make a .more rational balance of our population possible.

The NRECA is such an organization. I know at this very hour you are engaged

in a great and vital struggle to decide the future course of rural electrification.

I know that your resources, great as they are, are already deeply committed in the course of this struggle. ·

But I urge you to commit yourselves even further-to take on this additional assignment and to make the additional effort necessary to win.

You have the capacity, the leadership, and the know-how to do it.

You will find in rural America vast reservoirs of yet-untapped support for this new effort.

In tapping this support, you will win new allies for the battle in which you are presently engaged.

You should do it. You can do it. You have electrified the countryside-both

literally and figuratively-in the past. I hope, and in the larger . sense I know,

that you will do no less in the future. Thank you.

' International DeMolay Week

:E:XTENSION OF REMARKS OF

HON. RICHARD T. HANNA OF CALIFOJI.NIA


Monday, February 27, 1967

Mr. HANNA. Mr. Speaker, I wish to call to the attention of the House that the week of March 12 to March 19, 1967, is DeMolay Week. During the period we join in saluting the young men of the Order of DeMolay and in expressing our grateful appreciation of the fine examples set by these young leaders in contributing to the welfare and character of other young men in the city, thus aiding in the development and leadership of tomorrow.

The Order of DeMolay is a character building organization composed of young men 14 to 21 years of age, who are seeking to prepare themselves as better leaders and citizens for tomorrow by developing these traits and strengths of character of all good men.

The organization was founded by Frank S. Land during the year 1919, at Kansas City, Mo., and now has more than 2,500 chapters located all over the free world.

All the DeMolay members of La Mirada Chapter, sponsored by La MIrada Lodge No. 778 F. & A.M., will observe the period of March 12-19 as DeMolay Week in celebration of their 48th anniversary, so as to exemplify to all citizens

here and elsewhere their many activities, and in some small way show recognition to their many senior DeMolays.

"Moline Achievement"


HON. TOM RAILSBACK OF ILLINOIS



Mr. RAILSBACK. Mr. Speaker, I am proud to insert in the RECORD today an editorial from the Moline Daily Dispatch which congratulates my hometown of Moline, Dl., for winning a National Distingushed Achievement Award for its recent cleanup, paintup, :fixup campaign. I would like to add my congratulations to the residents of Moline for their community spirit and· efforts and take this opportunity to tell you briefiy about our city.

Moline, a leading farm implement manufacturing center, is located on the Mississippi River where it is linked by several bridges to Rock Island, East Moline, and cross-river Davenport; Iowa. Comprising an extensive metropolitan area known as the Quad Cities, these four communities are separately incorporated and maintain their own business districts, but there is a strong rapprochement between them stemming from both proximity and history.

This was the land of the Sauk and Fox Indians, who were virtually exterminated in the Black Hawk war. This, too, was the area where an inconspicuous Negro servant spent 2 years with his master. In later years he was to sue for his freedom. taking his case to the U.S. Supreme Court. The result was the famous Dred Scott decision, the implications of which hastened the country into the Civil War.

Moline was laid out in 1843, 4 years before John Deere decided to locate his plow factory there. The 'town was on the Mississippi, with steel readily available by boat from Pittsburgh and St. Lollis, and waterpower for Deere's m11ls. When Moline incorporated as a city in 1872, much of its 4,000 population had come there because of the expanding Deere plants.

Implement making is the chief concern of the city today, although it possesses an underpinning of some 90 other industrial concerns.

Moline received this Achievement Award because of the excellent participation of civic groups and citizens during the cleanup campaign last spring, as is noted in the Dispatch editorial:

MOLINE ACHIEVEMENT

The Dispatch congratulates all those responsible for the "distinguished achievement award" that was presented to the City ot ·Moline for its 1966 clean-up, paint-up, fix-up campaign.

This campaign, under the leadership of the Chamber of Commerce and the chairmanship of Vern Kester, was rated as one of the 24 best carried out in the nation. last year.

This was no small achievement, considering the scope of the contest, with hun:-

dreds of cities entered. And the numerous civic groups, school pupils and other individuals participating in the program share in the credit.

• We are confident that the sponsors of this

annual campaign will not rest on their laurels, and will press on with vigorous programs in the future. "Clean-up, paint-up and fix-up" is a good goal for every community.

We read about and review a great many Federal, State, and local beautification and urban renewal programs. In every case, however, key to the success of these programs is civic pride, enthusiasm, and participation. These elements were exhibited in the Moline campaign. To this initiative and community response, my hat is off.

Estonian Independence


HON. CLEMENT J. ZABLOCKI OF WISCONSIN



Mr. ZABLOCKI. Mr. Speaker, on February 24, Estonians in the United States and elsewhere in the world celebrated the 49th anniversary of the declaration of independence of the Republic of Estonia.

In Estonia itself, however, the event was not commemorated. For Estonia is no longer a free and independent nation. Rather it is a constituent state of the Soviet Union.

Freed from czarist control in World War I, Estonia lost its independence at the inception of World Warn as are·sult of the Ribbentrop-Molotov Agreement of August 1939.

Together with the peoples of the other Baltic Republics, Latvia and Lithuania, Estonia was forcibly incorporated into the Soviet Communist empire.

The event is one which will live in infamy for the rest of recorded time. The brutal denial of popular right to selfdetermination which the Soviets imposed on Estonia has never been surpassed in history.

It is a :fitting tribute to the courage and determination of the Estonian people that they have never ceased to hope for a better and free tomorrow. Theyin their hearts-celebrate Estonian independence daily.

Estonia-and it3 fate-should be constant reminders to us that some nations prowl the world as predators, seeking to devour whole peoples. These nations must be stopped, as the United States is stopping the aggression from the North in Vietnam.

Estonia also serves as a reminder of the kind of world we are attempting to build: A world in which smaU, weak ·nations can exist in security and independence even if they exist in geographical contiguity to large and powerful countries.

Mr. Speaker, on this 49th anniversary of Estonian independence it gives me


great pleasure to join with our EstonianAmericans and Estonians everywhere in paying tribute to the independence of their homel·and and the glorious history Of their people.

Needed: Good Jobs-Not Promises

. EXTENSION OF REMARKS OF

HON. AUGUSTUS ·F. HAWKINS OF CALIFORNIA

.IN. THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Monday, February 27, 196i

Mr. HAWKINS. Mr. Speaker, under leave to extend my remarks in the RECORD, I include the following report to my constituents:

NEEDED: GOOD JoBs-NOT PROMISES

South and East -Los Angeles are literal islands of poverty and deprivation that have grown more depressed over the past five years ... the quality of housing deteriorated sharply while rental costs rose . • . purchasing power of the average family dropped. nearly $400 . • • a fifth of the men were neither in school nor in the labor force . . . unemployment rate over 10% • • • welfare cases have increased since August 1965 :. . . ~uch are the .actual conc;U~ions. .

But look at the-se random news bits which attempt 'to tell us how prosperous we are: Unemployment in LoS Angeles County down to 4.5% . .• • Industrialist H. C. McCleJlan (in charge of State Jobs for Minorities program) expresses_ sattsfa<J~iQn over progress in Watts ..• Over 18,000 curfew area Negroes have been hired, he says : . . Unemployment cut ~early 50% since. 1965 ~riots . . . Gover· nor Reagan promises jobs in private industry ... , In calling attention· to the potential for danger that lies in the real conditions, and in demanding action instead of vague promises to correct them, thereby removing the causes of violence and disorders, I have been accused by some of "rabble-rousing" E!>nd "encouraging people to riot."

The truth of thfl matter is I have merely quoted U.S. Department of Labor and the U.S. Census reports,. and on the basis of these facts demanded what we . should do before frustration turn~ into anger an~ this erupts into another summer of disorders. No re!'lponsible citizen living. in the area, as I ,dQ, a;nd an elected public official, could honestly do otherWise. · ·~ '

Disorders can be prevented btit not by making false claims as to the actual numbers who are being given jobs, as Governor Reagan is doing, . .and destroying anti-pOverty programs, sabotaging equal employment, and cutting,off spending on vital prog:ams to educate, train, and employ people. · . . Those who accuse me of stirring up trouble by ~telUng the truth are generally the same people who oppose essential government s:Pending and fair liousrng; they are the people who vote against school bonds to educate our youngsters and then complain when teenagers get into trouble. :rhey are the hypocrites who tall~ · about . "law· and order" but· look the other way ~t t.he ec,onomic and .~litical exploitation .. the poverty and h<>P,.Ellessness. that prevail in .our 1ow-incop1~ communities. They are the demagogueS' who say "people want jobs, not relief" and thl:ih support cuts 'in welfare budgets without pro-viding jobs. .,1 ~~J )_ ' •

Governor Reagan and his jobs chief'l\4cClel~an are not: telli:pg th~ ,trl;lth when they sneakily imply I am opposed,. to jobs

1in pri

vate industry. I have personally encouraged

private enterprise to provide jobs and to make them full time at decent wages. Apparently, however, it is unable or unw1lling to provide enough such jobs for the hard core unemployed without some governmen:tal cooperation. And I am not willing to remove our government, which we have elected, from the responsibility of protecting us whenever it becomes necessf!lry from starvation, exploitation; deceitfUl advertising, monopolies, discrimination, and exorbitant prices. Good jobs is the answer to most of our problems, not relief. But not to provide either is criminal.

A massive attack on the basic c~uses of poverty and insecurity is long overdue. We have made a beginning in such programs as Head Start, the Elementary and Secondary Education Act, Fair Employment and Housing laws, tuition-free community colleges, on-the-job . training programs, Teen Posts, Neighborhood Youth Corps, adult education classes, and the Neighborhood Adult Participation program. We now need to strengthen, expand, and coordinate these and many other services. And above all we need to locate Neighborhood Service Centers in every neighborhood where people can get in one place all the information they need about the various programs as· well as help, from some sympathetic person, in obtaining the bene-fits and services they need. , .

Poverty is the overriding factor that underlies Negro ll~e. While 80% of the poor are white, over half of all Negroes live in poverty or deprivation. Any program to reduce· poverty, therefore, has vital and direct bearing on Negro life in general.

The best attack on poverty is not to ignore . or alleviate, but to prevent it. Su,ch an approacli involves full time employment at decent wages for all w~p a.re w1lling and abJe to work, plus assural}ce of an ,_income (through social security and' other prog:rariis) for those who becau.Se of ' physical disability, old age, etc., do not work on jobs at decent wages. This approacli recognizes the essen.tial dignity of individuals to earn a ·llving, to live in a decent environment, and to achieve their fUll potential in llfe.

This approach supports the be~ief that it 1s the concern of government not only to· use its taxing, monetary, · lending, and other powers in behalf of big'corporations, but also to help human beings, including the most .disadvantaged among us, to live better.

If to support this approach and to advocate these· beliefs is "rabble-rousing" or in·jurious to the public welfarfl, then it 1s time for us to reexamine our national goals, and to determine if in a growing economy that spends $2 b-illion .monthly on "saving" a country in southea8t Asia· we can afford to ignore·~so m1llion persons 1iving in poverty .and 8 ~ilUon on public assistance here at home. --------::•-

National Beauty Salon Week r i.

EXTENSION OF REMARKS : OF

HON. RICHARD T. HANNA · ·r OF CALIFORNIA 'I '

IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Monday, February 27, 1967

. Mr. HANNA. ·Mt. Speaker, during the month of February we qbsejfyed National Beauty , Salon Week. During that period we recognized the unselfish and public-spirited activities of ~beauty salon operators and employees.

The ·hairdressers organization .recently celebr~ted its 17th birthday. It ts proper and appropriate that· we pause at this time to give official recognition

to the time and I help th~t these individuals have accorded the unfortunate. ~ey have done much to. raise the spirits of the unfortunates by visiting homes and hospitals to generously render their services.

·The work of the Orange County, Calif., hairdressers. and cosmetologists during recent years is particularly noteworthy. They have· rendered .over 300 free services to women and girls in various institutions, including homes for the aged, hospitals, penal institutions, and special homes.- It is, indeed, fitting that they receive this special recognition.

Tax Incentives for Home Improvements Will Create Work, Boom the ~conomy

EX!I'ENSION OF REMARKS OF

HON. BOB CAS.EY . ; OF TEXAS

IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Monday, February 27, 1967

. t Mr. CASEY. Mr. Speaker, every level

of government has long been concerned over the disgrace of urban blight spread-ing across our land. ·

We· have spent billions fighting the end result, withqut attacking the cause . This Congress can strike a crippling blow at the cause of urban blight by givfu.g the people a tax incentive to repair their home and rent property.

I have long. ·advocated that Congress adopt thiS app!'Qach, and reintroduced in the 90th Congress a bill, H.R. 358, outlining what I consider would be an effective program. ' Let me explain briefiy the provisions Of my bill. It would permit a taxpayer to deduct a maximum of $750 during a taxable year for expenditures made to repair or improve property ·used as his principal residence.

In addition, H.R. 358 would. permit the owner of rental property to amortize over 60 months the expenditures made for repairs, replacements, or improve.nie.nts Jin~nded to increase the livability, utility, safety, or value of property. Those ilpprov~ents pr additions which would increase the total amount of :floorspace u~ed, for dwelling purposes would not be deductible. ' . r

There will be, no doubt, profound arguments against such a tax incentive on· the basis tnat it will cost the Federal Government heavily in revenue. This, t would like to diS«USS later. But first, let us·' examin~ a few ·statist~cs that po~nt viVidlY ' to the need for sourid and constructive approach to the prevention of blight, rather than spend heavily on slum clearance programs after the fact has occurred. ·

.In. the-- last survey of housing in -thts couritcy, made in 1960, we had , a total of 58.2 million units of housing. .• . The shocking fact was discovered that 10;952,000 nousing units ~er,e ~lassed as ~ubstandard, as defined by the. .. )?ubllc Housing Adnii:riiStration: . These units were either classed as dilapidated, or iacked hot piped witer, flush toilet, or

February 27, 1967 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- SENATE 4635 both, inside the structure for the exclusive use of the occupants.

It was further noted in this census that 826,259 owner-occupied units were 'Classed as dilapidated, and that 501,352 units classed as dilapidated were standing vacant.

The need for action in this field is evident. To me, it is our greatest tragedy that in this day and ·age, millions of our people must live in substandard housing.

But there· is more involved here than deep sympathy for those who dwell without the creature comforts you and. I take for granted.

We are faced with an economy showing the dapger signs of stagnation. Production is down in many major industries, layoffs are occurring, and the consumer, hard pressed for his dollar, is passing up purchases he would have made a year . ago. This Congress, not long ago, was faced with a similar situation. It · passed the investment tax credit program, which boomed the economy. It also took note of the plight of the self-employed, and passed tax incentive legislation to a~sist them to provide their own pension program. Why not now give some th,ought to the harried homeowner, the perennial forgotten man? He carries on his shoulders the heaviest tax burden, for he must finance his schools, his city government, county government, special district agencies, his State, and last but not least, the operation of his Federal Government. · -

This Congress and the · respective States spend millions each year in unemployment benefits: We have enacted and funded vast programs of job training, retraining, and placement to help some of our people find productive niches in our land.

And yet, we are reluctant to enact legislation that will create more jobs, boom the economy, and give a modest form of tax relief .to ·the one individual who deserves . it most and, at the . same time, strike .a rnaje.r blow at the cause of urban blight.

To those who would argue that the cost of such a tax incentive would be prohibitive in terms of Federal revenue, I ask merely that they consider the fol-low,tng:. .

In 1960, · $13.1 billion was' "spent for residential additions, alterations, maintenance,•repair and replacement for both owner-occupied and rent property. It has dropped drastically 'in the'' ensuing years: 1961, $13.8 billion, of. which $6 .. 1 billion was for maintenance and repairs; 1962, $11.3 billion, of which $5 billion was for maintenance and repairs; 1963, $11.7 billion, of which $5.1 billion was for maintenance and repairs; 1964, no figures available; and 1965, $11.4 billion, of which $5 billion was for maintenance and repairs. ' ,

We have witnessed almost a $2 billion drop in this market in 5 years. In my judgment, enactment of H.R. 358 would send this market soaring to an all-time high, and the additional tax revenue generated would more than offset the cost of. the tax deduction. granted to the bomeowner. ·

Let us . examine· where the money goes~ so you can-·see the p<>tential growth in

new job opportunities, the demand for products and services.

In 19·63, of the $11.7 billion total-56 percent of the expenditure-was for additions, ~Iterations, and replacements. The remainder, 44 percent, was for maintenance and repairs, broken down as follows: 3 percent, heating and air conditioning; 6 percent, plumbing; 3 percent, roofing; 2 percent, :flooring ;· 19 percent, painting; and 11 percent, all others.

In addition to wMt this legislation would do to benefit these, industries, let us also consider the impact on 'the local government. .

We spend billions in various forms of aid each year, to help local governments solve .problems ·and initiate and complete local projects, ostensibly on the basis tMt the local government can no longer afford --to 'SOlve such problems. Nearly every major city and every State is seeking sources of additional tax revenue. It stands to reason that, once dilapidated ~nd ·substandard housing is upgraded through repairs, it will be assessed at a higher valuation for local tax purposes. It ·stands to reason that those ~reas having local sales taxes .will benefit heavily from increased sales ·.of merchandise, such . as wood, paint, air conditioning and plumbing supplies, roofing materials, and so forth. Building permits where necessary will bring additional revenue. . ,

have in past years, so also do we in 1967 commemorate the bravery and dedication of these oppressed peoples.

The Lithuanians are a proud nation with a rich history. It has been their misfortune, however, to have suffered at the hands of many foreign aggressors.

The future looked bright for Lithuania in 1918. They had finally thrown off the yoke of 123 years of czarist Russian rule, and in consonance with .President Wilsol).'s call for self-determination for all nations, they declared their independence. The labors of internation deceit, however, · caught up with · them once again, and their ancient oppressors soon took advantage of Lithuania's ·military weakness. · In 1940, they fell prey to the .aggressive appetite of the Red tyrants in Moscow, and they have endured hardship, privation, and enforced enslavement until the present.

Mr. Speaker, we who enjoy the fruits of liberty cannot afford to. forget the plight of our brothers in Lithuania, for in their land w~ see a frightening reflection of the true nature of Communist designs. _ .

I commend the Lithuanians and offer my deepest prayers for their freedom.

' • • f ;

Statement . of U»ngressman James H. Scheuer on the Need for a National Institute for Criminal Ju~tice

EXTENSION OF REMARKS . OF

HON. JAMES H. SCHEUER . OF NEW YORK

IN THE HOUSE.,OF REPR~SENTATIYES

Monday; Februar...y 27, 1967

These ~re factors ·that. should and must be considered in any discussion of ~ t the "loss" of Federal reyenue such a tax ded~c.tion wouJd _generate. I repeat again-, in my judgment; the tremendous growth in jobs, the boom in our economy generated by enactment of this bill, the shot in the arm it would give to local and State government tax revenues, would . more than offset any initial loss to the Federal Government. · Mr. SCIIEU'ER. Mr. Speaker, the

~ederal vove;-nment is spending more today on fighting tooth ·decay than it l$ spending on the fight to .lower the Na.:. t~on's crime rate. . Th,e Federal Government is spending more for research into the hses of coal in fiscal '1967 'than it is spending on research into the spiraling increase in crimes against so.ciety in this country. Our national critne rate is a matter of great concern to all-Americans. In 76 percent of all crimes in this country no apprehension of the criminal is made. In many cities in the United ~tates, both l~rge and small, people are afraid to go out of their houses at night. Millions of Americans hav.e in a verj real sense lost not only their valued right of freedom of movement, but have also come to fear the very environment' in which they live.

Mr. Speaker, there is growing support in favor of this legislation across the country. It comes not . only from the property owners directly involved, but from those men farsigh_ted enough, to see the beneficial effect such legislation will have in opening vast new markets, ' in creating new ~o)Js, new ·opportunities, and last .. but not least, in beaqtifying our Nation through; tJ:?,e prevention of urb.an blight and the creation of slums. .

I strongly urge my colleagues to look closely at this legislatio~. ~pd to join with me in an effort to bring out· of this 90th Congress a· conS'tructive and ,wholesome program of giving our home and rent-property owners a tax incentive for repair of their property. ·

Lithuanian Independence

EXTENSION OF ~E~RK:s· QF ,

I have introduced in this Congress a bill to create a National Institute for Criminal J~stice and' Senator EDWARD M. KENNEDY has 'intrOduced an identical&ill in the Senate. The· purpose of this m~ stitute would be to provide for the Jus.:

·· :tl tice Departm·ent a ~ tesearch arm com-parable to the National Institutes of

-s i. 1 HON. JAMES M. HANLEY OF NEW YORK


Monday; February 27, 1967

Mr. HANLEY. Mr. Speaker, this month we celebrate the 49th anniversary of Lithuanian Independence. As we

Health. This · Institute would have as its primary task the job of assisting State and local law enforcement agencies, courts and correctional institutions in the prevention and control of crime: This assistance would be given in- the


fonn of support and coordination of research activities in the area of crime prevention and cCtntrol.

The National Institute for Criminal Justice would be authorized to spend $100 million over the next 3 years to coordinate reseax:ch of four types. The first type of research would involve the selection of police personnel. What type of man makes a good police officer? The second type of research concerns discov • ery of better methods for training police and correctional personnel. The third type of research would be to encourage the development of police equipment in tune with our 20th century technological capabilities. Finally, the Institute would conduct basic behavioral research on the more effective involvement of the public at large in public safety programs.

The research budget of the National Institutes of Health is over $1.3 billion this year, while the budget of the Justice Department for crime research is only $7.2 million. This means that the Federal Government is spending over 180 times as much on research in the health area as it is spending for crime research. Unfortunately, the sad comparison does not end with health research. Theresearch budget of the Department of Agriculture this year is approximately $139,-468,000, 19 times greater than the amount spent on crime research and the Department of Interior research budget of $129,-707,000 is 18 times greater than the Federal budget for crime prevention and control.

We must reverse this trend and revise our list of priorities. We must bring the fight against crime into the 20th century. Our law enforcement personnel are still largely dependent on 19th century weapons and procedures to fight the sophisticated techniques of the 20th century criminal. The possible application of space-age science and communications technology ·to police work is boundless. Yet the practical application of this advanced science and technology to police work is undoubtedly one of the most neglected aspects of current public safety programs.

Two recent incidents in my South Bronx constituency are indicative of the need I am citing here today. In one incident an innocent bystander was wounded in an exchange between police and a holdup man. In another incident a 12-year-old boy was shot by a policeman while trying to escape from a stolen car. In both of these very unfortunate incidents the patrolman was only doing his duty, but the result in each case was a very serious physical injury, as well as a potential riot-producing situation. It is unlikely that either of these serious injuries would have occurred 'if the New York police had had at their disposal a gun that would stun or temporarily disable, but not kill.

The saddest part of these two incidents is that neither is unique nor isolated. Innocent bystanders and youthful offenders are all too frequently the unfortunate victims of a deadly weapon used in the pursuit of the public safety. We owe it to our patrolmen on the beat and to the citizens who walk our streets to

provide our police with the best possible equipment with which to do their job. It is inconceivable that a nation which is about to land a man on the moon at the cost of untold billions of Federal tax dollars cannot provide its law enforcement personnel with more efficient weapons than they use today.

The application of space-age technology is by no means limited to law enforcement personnel alone. Over a recent weekend New York City was victimized by a series of taxicab holdups, a common event in many American cities. It is well within our current technological capabilities to provide taxicabs with an instant emergency detection service. We also have within our current capacities the ability to provide law enforcement agencies with instantaneous identification of fingerPrints and with immediate data on stolen automobiles via closed circuit television. These are only a few small examples of the potential applications of current technological advances to police problems.

But the problem of crime in this coun· try requires more than the development of better weapons and better police methodology, as important as these are. The National Crime Institute would also carry out an extensive program of behavioral research into the causes of crime, into the effectiveness of various means of pre· venting crime, and into cost-benefit techniques for reducing recidivism among those released from correctional institutions.

Every survey I have made of my own congressional district in the south Bronx has shown that neighborhood security is the most critical concern of the residents in this area. This anxiety is not unique. People in our major cities across the country as well as in rural areas live in fear of becoming the targets of unrestrained criminal activity.

Police chiefs throughout the country, in response to my recent inquiry, have stated that the l·ack of adequate research funds is a universal deficiency. Most of our State and local governments have virtually no funds to devote to research activities and where funds do exist the lack of coordination is virtually universal. Criminologists, sociologists, and jurists have likewise :Pointed up the lack of adequate funds for the large-scale research and demonstration projects that are needed to provide us with better information into the causes of crime as well as for testing existing theories of how to prevent criminal activity.

I am gratified · that the President's Crime Commission has so convincingly documented the need for research in the crime prevention area. Their report is certainly a major advance in our understanding of the current problems in crime prevention and control. I am also gratified to see · that the President has presented us with the blueprint for a major attack on crime in the· streets in his recent crime message to Congress. Congress has already taken an important step in this area with the passage of the Law Enforcement Assistance Act of 196·5, which was definitely a step.in the right direction.

Grant-in-·aid programs to local police

departments, however, will not solve the problem of inadequate research into weapons technology and criminal behavior. No one would ever have expected State and local grant-in-aid programs to produce a Manhattan project, a supersonic transport, or a Telestar satellite. Why then should we place the enormous burden of the types of research that I have discussed today on our State and local governments?

The National Institute of Criminal Justice would provide the basic research tools, the funds, and the expertise to improve· the work of those involved in reducing crime. Communities across the Nation are desperately looking to the Federal Government to attack this problem which can only be solved with the commitment of substantial Feder·al funds and strong Federal leadership.

Congressman Poff States the Case for Small Tax Court


HON. JACK EDWARDS OJ' ALABAMA



Mr. EDWARDS of Alabam·a. Mr. Speaker, several Members on the Republican side of the aisle have introduced legislation to protect the interests of the avevage American taxpayer through the means of a small tax court.

Congressman RICHARD POFF, of Virginia, has very effectively stated the case for this proposal in his newsletter to his constituents of February 20, 1967.

His statement deserves the attention of all of us, and I include it here:

SMALL TAX COURT

Well, it's time for the tax mru1 again. The old deadline draws ne&" and aJ.l of us have been struggling manfully and womanfully with the Form 1040, . the W-2's and the scratch pads. What the verdict will be remains to be seen for each of us. Some of us will find that we owe additional taxes. Others, more fortunate, will find that they are entitled to a refund. But for some of us a dispute wm arise with the Internal Revenue Service and when that happens we're in trouble. We're not so much in danger of punishment in the physiCia.l sense but we ·are in danger of penalty in the economic sense. More importallltly we are in danger of becoming involved aJ.most interininlably in the cement-mixer processes of the presen.t system o! tax appeals. The present system, it seems to me, has been geared primarily to controversies in which the big taxpayer is involved. The big taxpayer who finds himself in a dispute with the Internal Revenue Servire has a problem, but in nature and consequence it is not the same as thia.t of the small taxpayer. The big taxpayer can afford the expense of attorneys and court costs and all ifue other expense incidental to litigs.tion. He can afford to take the IRS to court. An eyeball-to-eyeball confrontation holds f~ terrors !or him. On the other hand, the little taxpayer often

is confronted with an impossible dilemma. His claim !or a refund or the deficiency assessment the tax collector has made against him is sometimes too small to justify the cost of litigation. But it may, particularly

February 27, 1967 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- SENATE 4637 if it is a claim for a refund, be too big to ignore. So, the little taxpayer is put to the decision whether to dig down in his pocket and bear these expenses and run the risk of losing his case, or simply to forget about it and mark it all up to experience. I have introduced a bill which I hope will spare the little taxpayer this harsh dilemma. It will establish for the 1lrst time since the income tax law was written a Small Tax Division in the Tax Court to which the small taxpayer can repair and where he can obtain prompt, definitive and final disposition of the claim which he makes or have the deficiency judgment pending against him settled once and for all.

I am constrained to believe that this legislation would promote better personal relations between the taxpayer and the tax collector. The Internal Revenue Service agent, through no fault of his own, wears several hats. He is the tax collector. He is the tax assessor. He is the accuser. If the taxpayer has made some error, he initially decides whether it was accidental or fraudulent. It is not fair to the taxpayer that so many potentially conflicting functions should be combined in one person. Neither is it fair to the tax collector.

I earnestly hope that the Congress can be persuaded to give sympathetic consideration to this proposal this year.

Lest We Forget-Estonia


HON. JOHN R. RARICK OF LOUISIANA


Monday, February 27, 1967 Mr. RARICK. Mr. Speaker, February

24 marked the 49th anniversary of the Declaration of Independence of the Republic of Estonia. Free Estonians in the United States and about the world commemorate this event-not with joy and happy exuberance as one might expect, but rather in sadness and heartache in lonely exile.

Their flicker of hope, their destiny, their last chance rests with America.

We of the United States can well benefit from the trials and tribulations of these gallant people in our national policies of appeasement and coexistence with the Communist Party of Russia.

Estonia stretched forth the hand of friendship and reconciliation in many treaties and agreements with Soviet Russia: A treaty of peace in 1920, the Kellogg Briand pact in 1928, a Nonaggression and Peaceful Settlement of Disputes Treaty in 1932, and a treaty that defined aggression in 1933.

Mr. Speaker, the Communist Party that pilots Russia repudiated every agreement. Estonia--by trying, by trust and faith-was the loser for having attempted to negotiate differences. The treaties and agreements by Communists, then as now, are but mere scraps of paper, used for their gain but never representing their bond.

When Estonia declared herself a democratic republic in February of 1918 she was recognized as a nation by all All1ed Powers, as well as other countries. And, in November of that same year she was, without great protest, invaded by the

brutal forces of Communist Russia in complete violation of all treaties and international law, violating Russia's previous declaration whereby Estonia was recognized as a free state.

Fourteen months I<ater Estonia succeeded in gaining a written treaty of peace whereby "Russia unreservedly recognizes voluntarily and forever all rights of sovereignty held by Russia over the people and territory of Estonia."

Unprecedented terror, brutality, and mad fear was turned upon the citizens by the Communists to force submission, silence, and compliance. Arrests and murders of untold numbers became a daily occurrence. Prisons were so jammed with politioal prisoners that new torture chambers had to be hastily built. The overwhelming number of those arrested were never heard from again, disappearing without a trial, a hearing, or an explanation.

Many Estonians recall the horror of the nights of June 13 and 14, 1941. Thousands upon thousands of innocent men, women, and children were dragged from their beds, carried away at gunpoint to railway oattle cars to be delivered to slave labor camps in the most secluded areas of the Soviet Union. Mothers and dads were separated from their children and delivered to "special oamps" never to regain oontact with one anothe·r.

The order for this family purge was signed by Gen. Ivan Serou, top-ranking Communist of the NKVD and GPU of the Soviet security police, only 13 days after the Soviet Union had signed the so-oalled mutual assistance pact with Estoniar--which was then not occupiedand had pledged not to violate Estonian national integrity and independence.

During World War II, Estonia established that 7,926 persons had been arrested in 1 year of Communist occupation. Of those taken into custody by j;he Communists, only 1,950 were ever acoounted for. These occupy mass graves scattered about Estonia. · Included were the bodies of 206 women. All had been murdered by Communist security police using nape shots, hands bound behind their backs. The unaccounted 5,900 arrested were sent to forced labor camps in the Soviet Union, or were murdered in the Soviet Union, never to be heard from again.

By June 1941, those deported into the Soviet Union totaled 10,205. More than 1,100 were unaccounted for and missing.

The Nazi occupation ended in the fall of 1944, when Communist troops reentered Estonia. Arrests, murders, and deportations resumed. To escape Communist terror 75,000 Estonians fled their country in advance of the Red army occupation.

Another large kidnaping of Estonians was effected by the Russians on March 22 to 25, 1959. Thousands of peasants were seized and carted off to Siberia as an effort to frighten those remaining into agricultural collectives. All told, the known Communist brutality consumed 10 percent of the populace of Estonia.

By savage brutality, Estonia as well as Latvia and Lithuania were converted

to Communist puppet fronts for the Soviet.

Today, her government does not speak for her people. The enslavement of formerly free peoples, the destruction of constitutional governments by the ruthless dictatorship of the communistic international conspiracy under its blueprint for world domination continues as one of the great tragedies of our time.

This wanton destruction of freedomhideous and terrifying ....... must never be forgotten nor these facts silenced.

We salute these proud people who continue the struggle in heart and mind for individual liberty and the restoration of the national identity that is rightfully theirs. We, as free Americans, must recommit ourselves to a firm conviction that the struggle of the free Estonians is ours. For we acknowledge that so long as any peoples are denied their Godgiven righfto individual liberty and selfdetermination no free people can be truly safe in any land.

ESSA


HON. ~OY A. TAYLOR OF NORTH CARO~A



Mr. TAYLOR. Mr. Speaker, perhaps the most significant scientific development since World War II has been the data explosion. The collection, quality control, communication, analysis, processing, storage or retrieval of information is underway today on a scale that numbs the imagination. The volume of technical information is doubling every decade.

The effective use of data in understanding the environment is one of the aims of an important new scientific agency known as the Environmental Science Services AdministrationESSA---of the U.S. Department of Commerce.

Within the past few days, President Johnson has publicly congratulated ESSA on its achievements during its period of development. He stated, as he had earlier in announcing Reorganization Plan No. 2 of 1965, "that the reorganization would permit us to provide better environmental information to vital segments of the Nation's economy. ESSA's accomplishments are bearing out these predictions." Improved environmental information is available because of the establishment of ESSA's Environmental Data Service-EDS.

This service provides an integrated attack upon the problems of collection and dissemination of climatological, geodetic, seismological aeronomy and space data. In EDS, ESSA has fashioned from many data centers previously scattered among several organizations one service which permits the application of modem technology to the processing, storage, recall and summarization of all forms of environmental

4638 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- SENATE February 27, 1967 data. It is making possible the previously unattainable goal of one-stop service to the multitude of interests needing many kinds of environmental data.

Although it is not generally realized, a:rchived scientific data grows in value with the passage of time. The institution of the data bank is one whose service seldom stirs the popular imagination, yet serves our Nation exceedingly well.

In ESSA, the Environmental Data Service has three major centers: the National Weather Records Center and the National Geophysical Data Center at Asheville, N.C., and the Aeronomy and Space Data Center in Boulder, Colo.

A number of international data centers are now gathered in the Environmental Data Center, a significant testimony to this institution's scope . and capabllities.

ESSA, through this service, assists practically every area of the national economy-and the priva;te citizen. It is the kind of service which typifies the best in government-accurate, complete, and quickly available. Its importance to our national life can hardly be overestimated. It is gratifying to me, as I am sure it was to the President, to know that the Environmental Science Services Administration, which has accomplished so much for our Nation in such a short period of time, has among its components this outstanding and vital service.

Scouting and Congress


HON. DONALD M. FRASER OF MINNESOTA

IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Mo1fdaY, February 27, 1967

Mr. FRASER. Mr. Speaker, 'a recent survey leaves no doubt that the Boy Scouts of America has had a pronounced impact on the Members af Congress. The gentleman from Ohio [Mr. BROWN] is to be commended for the thoroughness with which he conducted this survey in observance of the 51st anniversary of the Boy Scouts.

Of the 523 male Members of Congress, 328-77 percent--have been influenced by membership in or service to Scouting. This total includes 177 who have been Scouts only, 60 who have been leaders only and 91 who have been both. Twenty-six, including Congressman BLATNIK, of Minnesota's Eighth District, have been Eagle Scouts. Two have won the Silver Buffalo Award, nine the Silver Beaver and two the Silver Antelope.

Four of the 10 Members of Minnesota's Congressional delegation have been involved in scouting. For several years during the 1930's, I was a member of a troop in southeast Minneapolis.

Scouting's influence on Congress is not limited to male members. Of the 12 women Members, one has been named an honorary · Boy Scout and another has served as a Cub Scout den mother.

Following is the State-by-State list of Senators and Representatives who

have, at some point in their lives, been active in some phase of Scouting:

Scout denoted by (S); Leader denoted by (L); Scout and Leader denoted by (S & L).

ALABAMA

Senator John Sparkman (D), S & L. George Andrews (D), S. John H. Buchanan, Jr. (R), L. W111iam L. D!ckinson (R), S. Robert E. Jones (D), L. Armistead I. Selden, Jr. (D), S.

ALASKA

Senator 1!1. L. Bartlett (D), S. Howard W. Pollock (R), S.

ARIZONA

Senator Paul J. Fannin (R), S. Senator Carl Hayden (D), L. John J. Rhodes (R), S. Morris K. Udall (D), S & L.

ARKANSAS

E. C. Gathings (D), S & L. Wilbur D. M1lls (D), S & L. John Paul Hammerschmidt (R), S. David Pryor (D), S.

CALIFORNIA

Senator Thomas Kuchel (R), S & L. Senator George Murphy (R), L. Alphonzo Bell (R), S. , George E. Brown, Jr. (D), L. Del Clawson (R), S & L. Jeffrey Cohelan (D), S. James C. Corman (D), S. Don Edwards (D), S. Richard T. Hanna (D), S & L. Craig Hosmer (R), S. Harold T. Johnson (D), L. Robert L. Leggett (D) , S & L. Glenard P. Lipscomb (R), S. John F. McFall (D), L. WilliamS. Ma1lliard (R), S. Bob Mathias (R), S. John E. Moss (D), S. Ed Reinecke (R) , S & L. Edward R. Roybal (D), s. H. Allen Smith (R), S & L. Burt L. Talcott (R) , S & L. Charles M. Teague (R) , S. John V. Tunney (D), L. James B. Utt (R) , S. Lionel Van Deerlln (D), S. Jerome Waldie (D), S. Bob Wilson (R) , S. J. Arthur Younger (R), L.

COLORADO

Wayne N. Aspinall (D), S. Frank E. Evans (D), S & L. Byron G. Rogers (D), S. Donald G. Brotzman (R), S.

CONNECTICUT

Senator T~omas J. Dodd (D), S. Senator Abraham A. Ribicoff (D), S. Robert N. Giaimo (D), s. William L. St. Onge (D), S. & L.

DELAWARE

Senator J. Caleb Boggs (R), S & L. W1lliam V. Roth, Jr. (R), L.

FLORIDA

Senator Spessard L. Holland (D), S. Charles E. Bennett (D), S. Dante B. Fascell (D), S. Sam M. Gibbons (D), S. James A. Haley (D), L.

.. Edward J. Gurney (R), S. A. Sydney Herlong, Jr. (D), S. :> Claude Pepper (D), S & L. Paul G. Rogers (D), S. Robert L. F. Sikes (D), S. J. Herbert Burke (R), s.

GEORGIA

Jack Brinkley (D), L. John J. Flynt, Jr. (D), S & L. G. Ell1ott Hagan (D), L. ·phil M. Landrum (D), S. Maston O'Neal (D), S & L; Robert G. Stephens, Jr. (D), S & L.

Fletcher Thompson ( R) , L. W. s. (Bill) Stuckey, Jr. (D), S & L. Benjamin Blackburn (R), S & L.

HAWAII

Senator Hiram Fong (R) , S & L. Spark Matsunaga (D), S.

IDAHO

Senator Frank Church (D), S. George V. Hansen (R), S. James A. McClure (R), S.

ILLINOIS

Frank Annunzio (D), L. Leslie S. Arends ( R) , S. Harold R. Coll1er ( R) , S. Edward J. Derwinski tR), S. John N. Erlenborn (R), L. Robert McClory (:R), L. Roman C. Pucinski (D), S. Thomas Railsback (R) . S & L. Dan Rostenkowski (D), S & L. Donald Rumsfeld ( R), S W1lliam L. Springer (R), S. Sidney R. Yates (D), S. Senator Charles Percy (R), S & L.

INDIANA

E. Ross Adair (R), S. John Brademas (D), S & L. William G. Bray (R), S. Lee H. Hamilton (D), S. Andrew Jacobs, Jr. (D), S. Richard L. Roudebush (R), S & L. Roger H. Zion (R), S & L.

IOWA

Senator Jack M1ller ( R) , S. John C. Culver (D), S. John Kyl (R), L. Fred Schwengel (R) , L. Wiley Mayne (R), S. Neal Smith (D), L.

KANSAS

Senator Frank Oarlson (R), L. Senator James B. Pearson (R), S. Bob Dole (R), s. Chester L. Mize (R), S. Garner E. Shriver (R), S & L. Joe Skubitz (R), L. Larry Winn, Jr. (R), S & L.

KENTUCKY

Senator John Sherman Cooper (R), s. W1lliam H. Natcher (D), S. W1lliam Cowger (R). S. Frank A. Stubblefield (D), S. John C. Watts (D), s. Gene Snyder (R), ~·

LOUISIANA

Hale Boggs (D), s. Speedy o. Long (D) ,_s. Otto E. Passman (D), S. Joe D. Waggonner (D), s. Edwin E. W111is (D), S.

MAINE

Senator Edmunds. Muskle (D), S. William D. Hathaway (D), S. Peter N. Kyros (D), S.

MARYLAND

Senator Joseph D. Tydings (D), S. Sam11e1 N. Friedel (D), S. Hervey G. Machen (D), S&L. Charles McM. Mathias, Jr. (R), S. Rogers c. B. Morton (R), S. Clarence D. Long (D), S. Gilbert Gude (R) , S&L.

MASSACHUSETTS

Senator Edward Brooke (R), S. W1lliam H. Bates (R), S. Thomas P. O'Ne1ll,, Jr. (D), L.

MICHIGAN

Senator Robert P. Griffin (R), S&L. Garry Brown (R) , S. Elford A. Cederberg (R) , S. John D. I)ingell (D), S&L. Gerald R. Ford (R), S&L. ~ William D. Ford (D), S. Edward Hutchinson (R) , S.

February 28, 1967 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- SENATE 4639 Lucien N. Nedzi (D), L. Ph111p E. Ruppe (R), S. William S. Broomfield (R) , S&L.

MINNESOTA

Senator Walter F. Mondale (D), S. John A. Blatnik (D), S. Donald M. Fraser (D), S. Joseph E. Karth (D), s&L.

MISSISSIPPI

Thomas G. Abernethy (D), s&L. G. V. Montgomery (D), S.

MISSOURI

Senator Edward V. Long (D), L. Thomas B. Curtis (R), S&L. Durward G. Hall (R), s&L. W.R.Hull,Jr. (D),L. William L. Hungate (D), S. Paul C. Jones (R), S&L. Frank M. Karsten (D), S. William J. Randall (D), S.

MONTANA

Senator Lee Metcalf (D), S&L. James F. Battin (R), S. Arnold Olsen (D), L.

NEBRASKA

Glenn Cunningham (R), s&L. Dave Martin (R), S&L. Robert V. Denney (R), L.

NEVADA

Senator Howard W. Cannon (D), S. Walter S. Baring (D), S.

NEW HAMPSHIRE

Senator Norris Cotton (R), S. Senator Thomas J. Mcintyre (D), L. Louis C. Wyman (R), S.

NEW JERSEY

Senator Clifford P. Case (R), S. Senator Harrison A. Williams, Jr. (D), L. Cornelius E. Gallagher (D), S. John E. Hunt (R), S & L. Joseph G. Minish (D), S. James J. Howard, (D), S. Charles Sandman (R), S. William B. Widnall (R), S & L.

NEW MEXICO

Senator Clinton P. Anderson (D), L. Thomas G. Morris (D), S. E. S. Johnny Walker (D), S & L.

NEW YORK

Senator Robert F. Kennedy (D), S. Hugh L. Carey (D), L. Barber E. Conable, Jr. (R), S & L. John G. Dow (D), S & L. Thaddeus J. Dulski (D), S & L. James R. Grover, Jr. (R), S. Seymour Halpern (R), S & L. Frank Horton (R), S & L. Carleton J. King (R), L. Richard D. McCarthy (D), S. Robert c. McEwen (R), 8. Abraham J. Multer (D), L. Richard L. Ottinger (D), S Otis G. Pike (D), S & L. Odgen R. Reid (R) , S. Joseph Y. Resnick (D), S & L. Howard W. Robison (R), S & L. John J. Rooney (D), S. Henry P. Sinith III (R), S & L. SamuelS. Stratton (D), S & L. Herbert Tenzer (D), L.

SENATE TuESDAY, FEBRUARY 28, 1967

The Senate met at 12 o'clock meridian, and was called to order by Hon. FRANK J. LAUSCHE, a Senator from the State of Ohio.

The Chaplain, Rev. Frederick Brown Harrts, D.D., · offered the following prayer:

John W. Wydler (R), S. Theodore R. Kupferman (R), L.

NORTH CAROLINA

Senator B. Everett Jordan (D), L. James T. Broyhill (R), S. L. H. Fountain (D) , S. Nick Galifianakis (D), S~ David N. Henderson (D), S. Walter B. Jones (D), s. Charles R. Jonas (R), s .. Horace R. Kornegay (D) , S & L. Alton Lennon (D), S & L. Roy A. Taylor (D) , S & L. Basil Whitener (D), s. James C. Gardner (R), S.

NORTH DAKOTA

Mark Andrews (R), S. Thomas S. Kleppe (R), S.

OHIO

John M. Ashbrook (R), L. Jackson E. Betts (R), s & L. Clarence J. Brown, Jr. (R), S & L. Samuel L. Devine (R), S. William H. Harsha (R), S. Wayne L. Hays (D), S & L. Delbert L. Latta (R), S. D. E. "Buz" Lukens (R) , S&L. Clarence E. Miller (R) S. William E. Minshall (R), S. Charles A. Mosher (R), L. J. William Stanton (R), S. Chalmers P. Wylie (R), S & L. Robert Taft, Jr. (R), S.

OKLAHOMA

Senator Fred R. Harris (D), S. Senator A. S. Mike Monroney (D), S. Carl Albert (D), S & L. Page Belcher (R), L. Ed Edmondson (D), s. John Jarman (D), L. Tom Steed (D), S & L.

OREGON

AI Ullman (D) , L. John R. Dellenback (R) , S. Senator Mark Hatfield (R), S & L.

PENNSYLVANIA

Senator Hugh Scott (R), S. William A. Barrett (D), S. Edward Biester (R) , S. Frank M. Clark (D), S & L. Robert J. Corbett (R), S. Daniel J. Flood (D) , S. James G. Fulton (R), s. Albert W. Johnson (R), L. Joseph M. McDade (R), S. Thomas E. Morgan (D), S. Fred B. Rooney (D), S. John P. Saylor (R), S & L. Herman T. Schneebeli (R), S. RichardS. Schweiker (R), S & L. J. Irvin Whalley (R), L. L. G. Williams, (R), S. Joshua Eilberg (D), s & L.

RHODE ISLAND

Senator Claiborne Pell (D), S.

SOUTH CAROLINA

Senator Strom Thurmond (R), S & L. John L. McMillan (D), L. L. Mendel Rivers (D), S & L. Albert W. Watson (R), S. Senator Ernest Hollings (D), S . .

Almighty God, at · whose word man goeth forth unto his work and to his labor until evening, we come to thel)e spiritual springs asking that we may be given strength to match the tasks we face.

0 Thou who didst guide our fathers of this Republic, and dost surround us with a cloud of witnesses, watching from heroic yesterdays, still by Thy pillar of cloud, and of fire, lead us on through

SOHTH DAKOTA

E. Y. Berry (R), L. · Sena;tor Karl E. Mundt (R), S. Ben Reifel (R) , L.

TENNESSEE

William R. Anderson (D) , S. William E. Brock III ( R) , S. John J. Duncan (R), S & L. Richard H. Fulton (D), S & L. Ray Blanton (D), S & L. Dan Kuykendall (R), L.

TEXAS

Senator Ralph Yarborough (D), L. Omar Burleson (D), S. Earle Cabell (D), L. Bob Casey (D), S & L. John Dowdy (D), S & L. 0. C. Fisher (D), L. Ellgio de la Garza (D), S & L. Henry B. Gonzalez (D), S & L. Wright Patman (D), L. J. J. (Jake) Pickle (D), S. W. R. Poage (D), L. Graham Purcell (D), L. Ray Roberts (D) , S & L. Olln E. Teague (D) , S. Richard C. White (D), S & L. James C. Wright, Jr. (D), S & L. Abraham B. Kazen, Jr. (D), S. Robert D. Price (R) , L. Joe R. Pool (D), S.

UTAH

Senator Wallace F. Bennett (R), S. Senator Frank E. Moss (D), S. Laurence J. Burton (R), S & L. Sherman P. Lloyd (R), S & L.

VERMONT

Robert T. Stafford (R), S.

VIRGINIA

Thomas N. Downing (D), S & L. Porter Hardy, Jr. (D), S & L. John 0. Marsh, Jr. (D), S & L. David E. Satterfield III (D), S. William C. Wampler (R), S. William L. Scott (R), L. Senator William B. Spong, Jr. (D), S & L.

WASHINGTON

Senator Henry M. Jackson (D), S. Brock Adams (D), S. Thomas S. Foley (D), S. Lloyd Meeds (D), S & L. Thomas M. Pelly (R), S.

WEST VIRGINIA

Senator RObert C. Byrd (D), S. Senator Jennings Randolph (D), S. Ken Hechler (D) , S. James Kee (D), s. Arch A. Moore, Jr. (R), L. John M. Slack, Jr. (D), S. Harley 0. Staggers (D), L.

WISCONSIN

Senator William Proxmire (D), S. Robert W. Kastenmeier, (D), S. Glenn R. Davis (R), L. Melvin R. Laird (R), S. Henry S. Reuss (D), S & L. Vernon W. Thomson (R), S. William A. Steiger (R), 8.

WYOMING

Senator Gale W. McGee (D), S.

disturbed days that test the souls of all men.

As work and hopes deferred take their constant toll of our human strength, grant .us as laborers together with Thee a sense of spiritual resources, and restore our souls with the joyous, strength of Thy salvation.

Search us, 0 God, .md know our hearts; try .us, and know our thoughts, and see if there be any wicked or per-

february congressional record-senate 4629 27, 1967 congressional record-senate 4629 janssen, richard...

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