final environmental impact assessment report...
TRANSCRIPT
Final ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT report
& ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN
Bulk Drugs Manufacturing Unit
AT
Village Nimbua
Tehsil: Dera Bassi
Dist: Mohali, Punjab
Applicant
M/s SK Solvochem Pvt. Ltd.
SCF-8, First Floor, Sector 19-D, Chandigarh
Study Period: Pre Monsoon Season (Feb. to April 2014)
Environment Consultant
Vardan Environet (QCI/NABET Accredited Sr. No. 158) D-142, Sushant Lok-III, Sector 57
Gurgaon (Haryana) Contact no.- 9810355569
Mail ID: [email protected]
M/s. S.K. Solvochem Pvt. Ltd. Village: Nimbua, Tehsil: Dera Bassi Dist: Mohali, Punjab
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ABBREVIATIONS AAQM Ambient Air Quality Monitoring
APCD Air Pollution Control Devices
CM Centimeter
CPCB Central Pollution Control Board
dB Decibel
DG Diesel Generator
E East
ECC Emergency Control Centre
EIA Environmental Impact Assessment
EMC Environmental Management Cell
EMP Environmental Management Plan
ENE East Of North- East
EPA Environmental Protection Agencies
ESE East Of South East
ETP Effluent treatment plant
FCC False Colour Composite
GC Gas Chromatography
GIS Geological Information System
GLC Ground level concentration
GPS Global Positioning System
HPLC High pressure Liquid Chromatography
IPA Iso propyl alcohol
IMD Indian Meteorological Department
IRS Indian Remote Sensing Satellite
ISCST Industrial Source Complex, Short Terms
ISO International Organization Of Standardization
ISS Indian Standard Specification
KLD Kilo Litre Per Day
Km Kilometer
KVA Kilo Volt Ampere
KW Kilo Watt
LISS Linear Imaging Self Scanning Sensor
M Meter
M bgl Meter Below Ground Level
mg Milligram
MoEF & CC Ministry Of Environment , Forest & Climate Change
M/s. S.K. Solvochem Pvt. Ltd. Village: Nimbua, Tehsil: Dera Bassi Dist: Mohali, Punjab
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mRL Mean Reference Level
MSMEs Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises
MT Million Tonne
MTPA Million Tonn s Per Annum
N North
NE North-East
NH National Highway
NNE North Of North-East
NNW North Of North-West
NO2 Nitrogen Dioxides
NTU Naphelo Turbidity Unit
NW North-West
OHSAS Occupational Health & Safety Assessment
PPE Personal Protective Equipment
PPM Part Per Million
Pvt. Private
R&R Rehabilitation & Resettlement
RDS Respirable Dust Sampler
RPM Respirable Particulate Matter
RSPM Respirable Suspended Particulate Matter
SE South- East
SEIAA State Level Environmental Assessment Authority
SO2 Sulphur-di-Oxide
SOI Survey Of India
SOPs Standard Operating Procedures
SPCB State Pollution Control Board
SPM Suspended Particulate Matter
SSE South Of South-East
SSW South Of South-West
STP Sewage Treatment plant
TAC Traffic Advisory Committee
TPA Tone Per Hour
TDS Total Dissolve Solid
TOR Terms Of Reference
TPH Tones Per Hour
TS Total Solid
US EPA United State Environmental Protection Agencies
ug/m3 Micro gram per meter cube
VOC Volatile organic matter
M/s. S.K. Solvochem Pvt. Ltd. Village: Nimbua, Tehsil: Dera Bassi Dist: Mohali, Punjab
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w.e.f. With Effective From
w.r.t. With Reference To
W/W Weight By Weight
WNW West Of North-West
WSW West Of South-West
M/s. S.K. Solvochem Pvt. Ltd. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Village: Nimbua, Tehsil: Dera Bassi Dist: Mohali, Punjab
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Executive Summary
1. INTRODUCTION:-
M/s. S.K. Solvochem Pvt. Ltd. is proposing a new unit & Proposed of chemical products
like at 2-Ethyl Sodium Hexonate , Acelofenac , Cloxacillin Sodium, Ofloxacin ,6-Amino
Pencillanic Acid, Cephalexin Monohydrate, Pentoprazole, Atenolol, Clarithromycin at
Village Nimbua Tehsil Derabassi, Distt. Mohali, Punjab. As per MOEF, GOI Notification
dated 14-09-2006 they are required to have Environmental Clearance of this project
before establishing and also as per schedule of the Notification, the Organic Chemical
Industries are listed at S. No. 5(f) and general condition given in the Notification is
applicable to the unit.
The company has been promoted by Mr. SANDEEP Soi and Mrs.RITU Soi. Mr. Sandeep Soi,
aged 42 years, is doing business in chemicals since 1993. He has done graduation (B.Sc.) in
Non-medical science. He has experience of 19 yrs in this trade. Sandeep Soi is also
running a trading firm M/S Shri Krishna Agencies under his Proprietorship. Mrs. Ritu Soi is
wife of Mr. Sandeep Soi She has done B.A. She is also Director of the company and she
possess marketing experience of 13 years in the same trade.
2. OBLIGATION OF PROJECT:-
The proposed project M/s. S. K. Solvochem Pvt. Ltd aims to manufacture Bulk Drugs & its
drug intermediates.
The present lifestyle diseases like hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidaemia and
overweight/obesity are the major risk factor for the development of Cardiovascular
diseases (CVD). With rapid economic development and increasing westernization of
lifestyle in past few decades prevalence of those diseases has reached alarming
proportion among Indians in the recent years. Many studies from different Indian States
showed that the prevalence of pre-hypertension in the country is more than 40%
therefore there is high demand of drugs to treat cardiovascular diseases in India.
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS) provide analgesic and antipyretic (fever-
reducing) effect, and in higher doses anti-flammatory effects, this class of drug is always
M/s. S.K. Solvochem Pvt. Ltd. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Village: Nimbua, Tehsil: Dera Bassi Dist: Mohali, Punjab
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in demand due to anti-inflammatory effects. Allergies bring more than the misery of a
stuffy nose, watery eyes, and sneezing. If we do not treat allergies, they can aggravate or
lead to other conditions such as asthma and sinusitis.
3. BASELINE SETTING:-
The plant falls in a notified industrial area by Punjab Govt. Prevailing Baseline Conditions
in the study area of 10 km around the unit have been studied. Primary data has been
collected through visits & discussion with local people Secondary data has been taken
from the IMD record for local station. Thus information regarding climatic conditions like
climate, rainfall, humidity, cloudiness, winds etc. are based on IMD data.. Other
information regarding drainage, land use, cropping pattern & demographic structure has
been obtained from the revenue record of Punjab Govt. Details of Forests; Flora & Fauna
have been checked from Forest Dep’t. & site visits.
4. ENVIRONMENTAL BENCH MARK CONDITIONS:-
In order to know the impact of the project on various parameters, it is necessary to know
their existing levels. The anticipated effect of the pollutants from the project, if any, shall
be superimposed on this to assess the final levels as compared to the permissible limits.
Monitoring stations were established at different places within the study area and the
existing levels of various parameters in respect of the following were observed to see
their quality.
I) Ambient Air
II) Ground & Surface water
III) Noise
IV) Soil
It has been seen that all parameters are well within the permissible limits. Demographic,
Socio Economic aspects & Eco Biodiversity angles were also studied & results
documented.
M/s. S.K. Solvochem Pvt. Ltd. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Village: Nimbua, Tehsil: Dera Bassi Dist: Mohali, Punjab
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5. MATERIALS –Raw and Final Materials:-
Raw Material
It is proposed to procure raw materials from the domestic market and certain quantity of
some raw materials can be imported from China or any other country. The mode of
transport will be by Air or Sea for Imported raw materials.
Final Products
The final product will be Bulk Drugs- an Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients & its
Intermediates which will transported in India by Rail / Road or Air while the same will be
exported to out-side by Air or Sea.
6. PLANT:-
Total land requirement for the proposed project is 63900 feet2. It provides adequate
space for the following areas of working:-
1. Stores for raw material and finished goods.
2. Production hall
3. Quality Assurance / Control Deptt.
4. Offices
5. Engineering workshop
Open space will be landscaped and trees will be planted in due course of time.
7. WASTE HANDLING TREATMENT:-
HAZARDOUS & SOLID WASTE:-
The solid waste generated from the project will be Hazardous and non- hazardous type,
the hazardous waste will be generated from the process like spent carbon and non-
hazardous waste will be generated from other activities like fuel burning and spent
lubricant from DG sets.
The Hazardous wastes generated from the unit send to NIMBUA which is a Common Storage,
Treatment, & Disposal Facility and approved from PPCB.
AIR POLLUTION:-
M/s. S.K. Solvochem Pvt. Ltd. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Village: Nimbua, Tehsil: Dera Bassi Dist: Mohali, Punjab
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There are no emissions from the process as no gaseous material is generated. All
materials which become vapors during process are condensed through series of
condensers, as all process occur in tightly closed system. However there may be some
secondary emissions due to moving of vehicles which will be controlled through sprinkling
of water.
8. POLLUTION CONTROL MEASURES:-
i) AIR POLLUTION:-
DG SET:-There are two DG sets proposed of 250KVA and 125 KVA.As per guidelines of
CPCB/PPCB a stack height of 3.5mt from roof level will be provided to control the
pollutants from the diesel fuel.
ii) WATER POLLUTION:-
During construction / building modification, provision for infra-structural
services including water supply, sewage, drainage facilities and electrification will
be made. The construction site would be provided with suitable sanitation
facilities for the workers to allow proper standards of hygiene. These facilities
would be connected to a septic tank and maintained to ensure minimum impact on
the environment. The total water requirement of proposed site shall be met from
the Tube well supply.
The following measures are suggested to be adopted for efficient water
management in the proposed site:
Rainwater harvesting is recommended.
The sources of sewage water are office toilets and canteen which is disposed
off in to Soak Pit / Septic Tank system.
Reduce and eliminate the water leakages in the pipes, bends, etc.
Recycle the Boiler Condensate / Cooling Water.
M/s. S.K. Solvochem Pvt. Ltd. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Village: Nimbua, Tehsil: Dera Bassi Dist: Mohali, Punjab
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iii ) NOISE POLLUTION:-
There is no noise producing machinery. Thus no noise of significant level shall go outside
the working area which may disturb the general noise environment. DG set installed shall
be noise less type & with canopy.
9. ENVIRONMENT IMPACT ASSESSMENT & MITIGATION MEASURES:-
Impact of the project on various Environmental Factors in the project area has been
checked on short term & long term basis. Short term impacts are during construction
development stage. Long term impacts relate to the operation stage. In both the cases
following factors have been considered.
Ambient Air Quality
Water Quality
Noise Quality
Land use pattern
Demographic & Socio economic pattern
10. ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS:-
ENVIRONMENTAL
FACTORS
SHORT TERM
(CONSTRUCTION STAGE)
LONG TERM
(OPERATIONAL STAGE)
Ambient Air
Quality
During the construction no air
pollution will be generated. The
development stage impacts will not
be of any significance. Since there is
no point source of air pollution and
the fugitive dust generation will be
suppressed with sprinkling of water,
there will be no effect on this
account.
There is only one source of likely
pollution which is vapors from the
manufacturing process. All the
process are closed circuits as such
emission to the open atmosphere
will be minimum, however, APCD,
will be provided at the exit point to
neutralize the pollutants. So there
will be not any effect on the Air
Environment.
M/s. S.K. Solvochem Pvt. Ltd. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Village: Nimbua, Tehsil: Dera Bassi Dist: Mohali, Punjab
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Water Quality Requirement of water during
construction is hardly about 1 KLD
which will be consumed. There will
be no discharge outside the unit on
this account. Thus, there will be no
impact of the unit on water
Environment.
During construction / building
modification, provision for
infra-structural services
including water supply, sewage,
drainage facilities and
electrification will be made. The
construction site would be
provided with suitable
sanitation facilities for the
workers to allow proper
standards of hygiene. These
facilities would be connected to a
septic tank and maintained to
ensure minimum impact on the
environment. The total water
requirement of proposed site
shall be met from the Tube well
supply.
Noise Quality Since there is no large scale
machinery, the installation of the
same & movement of vehicles is not
likely to have and significant effect
over the noise environment.
There is no use of noise producing
machinery. DG sets will be
noiseless type with additional
canopy. Noise Environment in the
area thus, will not be affected.
Land Developed land for the unit has
been given to the proponent in the
Industries dept. since no debris
from the unit is thrown on any land;
there will not be any effect on land
The project is coming up in an
existing Industrial land. No new
land is being acquired. Since no
waste is thrown on land, soil
quality in the area will not be
M/s. S.K. Solvochem Pvt. Ltd. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Village: Nimbua, Tehsil: Dera Bassi Dist: Mohali, Punjab
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environment. affected.
Demographic &
Socio economic
pattern
There is not any adverse impact on
the local people of this project
during construction phase.
It does not interfere in the life of
the people in the study area. There
will be no adverse impact on them
due to this project. However, it will
provide some direct & indirect
employment to the local people for
running the plant, maintenance of
machinery, & security etc. This will
have positive effects.
11. ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN:-
To achieve the results as per the measures proposed for mitigation of the various
pollutants, the following management practices have been suggested for various factors.
Air Environment
Vehicles shall be checked for their vehicular emissions. Drivers of the vehicles shall be
asked to provide PUC certificates. During operation phase air pollution control devices
shall be provided to neutralize pollutants from process, to keep it within permissible
limits. Tree plantation shall be done along the boundary which will further improve the air
Environment in general.
Water Environment
The fresh water will draw through tube-well. The treated water will also used for
irrigation purpose for the development of green area in the plant.
Noise Environment
‘NO HORN’ signs shall be displayed at prominent places. Vehicle owners will be asked to
maintain them in proper condition. Canopy shall be provided on noiseless types DG sets.
Trees with thick foliage shall be planted all around.
Land Environment
M/s. S.K. Solvochem Pvt. Ltd. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Village: Nimbua, Tehsil: Dera Bassi Dist: Mohali, Punjab
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No wastage from the unit shall be thrown on any land. Requirement of sand and
aggregates during construction shall be obtained from approved vendors.
Solid Waste
There will be no source of solid waste generation in the industry.
Monitoring of various parameters will be done at frequent intervals in the study area, so
as to ensure that no deterioration takes place. The results of the monitoring shall be
documented and watched properly. The frequency of the checking is as under:
S.NO ITEM PARAMETERS TO BE CHECKED
FREQUENCY
1 Ambient Air RSPM, SPM, NOX Silica & SO2
Every Quarter
2 Vehicles PUC Every Quarter
3 Noise Level dB (A) Every Quarter
4 Ground water As per IS:10500 Every Quarter
In order to ensure the implementation of the EMP a structured Environment
Management Cell (EMC) interwoven with the existing management system will be
created. This will include:-
Representative of the management
Process in charge
In charge maintenance Dept.
A representative of Environment consultants.
All actions of the cell shall be documented.
12. COST OF ENVIRONMENT MEASURES:-
The total cost of the pollution control measures in the unit is likely to be Rs. 98.0 Lacs.
Another Rs. 15.0 Lacs per year shall be needed for their maintenance.
M/s. S.K. Solvochem Pvt. Ltd. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Village: Nimbua, Tehsil: Dera Bassi Dist: Mohali, Punjab
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13. EMPLOYMENT GENERATION DUE TO THE PROJECT:-
Direct Employment:
Employment generation has been one of the important objectives of development /
industrialization. Employment growth is a primary economic development goal of most
small communities. More jobs generally mean more residents, more spending at local
businesses, and more tax revenues for local governments. Thus job growth permits the
expansion and improvement of public goods and services, leading to an improved local
quality of life and enhanced prospects for future employment growth. Hence considering
the technicality and complexity involved in the Drug Manufacturing, the staffing and
employment is critical therefore local people will be given employment based on
appropriate knowledge, qualification and expertise.
Proposed Employment Generation in various departments viz.:-
Production Department
Maintenance Department
Quality Control Department
Quality Assurance
Research and Development / IPM
Purchase Department
EHS
Administration
The direct man power required for the project is estimated to about 85. Indirect Employment:
There is lot of places in-which employment generates indirectly:
Transportation and warehousing
Travel & Tourism Sector
Packaging and printing sector
Information Technology
Agency employment
Telecom Sector
Automobile Sector
Courier Sector
M/s. S.K. Solvochem Pvt. Ltd. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Village: Nimbua, Tehsil: Dera Bassi Dist: Mohali, Punjab
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14. CONCLUSION:-
It can be concluded that the proposed project will be beneficial to the local people, state & nation.
M/s. S.K. Solvochem Pvt. Ltd. Village: Nimbua, Tehsil: Dera Bassi Dist: Mohali, Punjab
INDEX
CHAPTER NO. TOPIC PAGE NO.
DRAFT EIA/EMP REPORT
CONTENTS
CHAPTER–I INTRODUCTION 1-9
CHAPTER–II PROJECT DESCRIPTION 10-51
CHAPTER–III DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT 52-95
CHAPTER–IV ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT &
MITIGATION 96-102
CHAPTER–V ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM 103-107
CHAPTER–VI ADDITIONAL STUDIES 108-179
CHAPTER–VII PROJECT BENEFITS 180-185
CHAPTER–VIII ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN 186-197
CHAPTER–IX SUMMARY & CONCLUSION 198-200
CHAPTER–X DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANTS ENGAGED 201-202
Annexure 1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Annexure 2 LETTER FROM MoEF&CC, CHANDIGARH
Annexure 3 HOURLY METEOROLOGICAL DATA
Annexure 4 MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET
M/s. S.K. Solvochem Pvt. Ltd. Village: Nimbua, Tehsil: Dera Bassi Dist: Mohali, Punjab
Table of content
1 CHAPTER INTRODUCTION Page No.
1.0 Purpose of the Report 1
1.2 Regulatory Frame Work 1-3
1.3 Identification of the Project and Project Proponent 3
1.3.1 Project Proponent 3
1.3.2 Brief Description of the Nature of Site, Location of the Project 3-5
1.4 Scope of the Study 5-9
2 CHAPTER PROJECT DESCRIPTION
2.1 Process Description 10
2.1.1 Project Proponent 10
2.2 Need for the Project 10
2.3 Location of the Project 10-14
2.4 Products 14-15
2.5 Raw Materials 15-17
2.6 Manufacturing Process 17- 34
2.7 Facilities at the Plant 35
2.8 Machinery 35
2.9 Land –Use breakup 36
2.10 Power 36
2.11Water Supply 36-38
2.12 Manpower 38-39
2.13 Transportation of raw material and products 39-45
2.14Waste Handling 45-48
2.14.1 Liquid waste 45-50
M/s. S.K. Solvochem Pvt. Ltd. Village: Nimbua, Tehsil: Dera Bassi Dist: Mohali, Punjab
2.14.2 Solid waste 50
2.14.3 Hazardous waste 50
2.15 Pollution Control Measures 51
2.15.1 Air Pollution 51
2.15.2 Noise Pollution 51
3. CHAPTER DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT
3.1 General 52
3.2 Sources of Environmental Data 52-53
3.2.1 Aspect Studied 53
3.2.2 Presentation 53
3.2.3 Study Area at a Glance 53
3.3 Study of the Land Use Pattern of the Project Site 54-58
3.4 Physiography & Hydrology 59
3.4.1 Physiography 59
3.4.2 Hydrogeology 60
3.4.3 Ground Water Resources 60-61
3.4.4 Seismicity of Area 61-62
3.5 Climate 63
3.6 Rainfall 63
3.7 Humidity 64
3.8 Wind Speed/ Direction 64
3.9 Ambient Air Environment 65
3.9.1 Ambient Air Quality Monitoring 65
3.9.2 Air Sampling Program 68
3.9.3 Baseline Data 69
3.10 Noise Environment 73-76
3.10.1 Noise Analysis within the Study Area 73
3.10.2 Result 77
3.11 Soil Environment 78-82
M/s. S.K. Solvochem Pvt. Ltd. Village: Nimbua, Tehsil: Dera Bassi Dist: Mohali, Punjab
3.11.1 Soil Quality and Characteristics 78
3.12 Water Environment 82-88
3.12.1 Surface Water 82-83
3.12.2 Ground Water 83-84
3.12.3 Result 86-88
3.13 Biological Environment 89
3.13.1 Introduction 89
3.14 Cropping Pattern 89
3.14.1 Cropping Pattern of the Study Area 89-90
3.14.2 Flora 91
3.14.2 Fauna 92
3.15 Socio-Economic Environment 93
3.15.1 Reconnaissance 93
3.15.2 Methodology 94
3.16 Demography 94
3.16.1 Demographic Structure (Based on Census Data 2001) 94
3.17 Conclusion 95
4 CHAPTER ANTICIPATED IMPACT & ITS MITIGATION MEASURES
4.1 Environmental Impact Assessment 96
4.1.1 Construction Phase 96
4.1.2 Operational Phase 97
4.2 Air Environment 97
4.2.1 Construction Phase 98
4.2.2 Operation Phase 98
4.3 Water Environment 99
4.4 Noise Environment 99
4.5 Soil Environment 100
4.6 Biological Environment 100
4.7 Socio-Economic Environment 101
M/s. S.K. Solvochem Pvt. Ltd. Village: Nimbua, Tehsil: Dera Bassi Dist: Mohali, Punjab
4.8 Land Environment And Aesthetics 101
4.9 Cultural Environment 102
5. CHAPTER ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAMME
5.0 Introduction 103
5.1 Monitoring Points / Locations & Components 103-105
5.2 Monitoring Parameters & Frequency 105
5.3 Monitoring Methodologies 106
5.4 Reporting & Documentation 106
5.5 Budget & Procurement Schedule 107
6. CHAPTER ADDITIONAL STUDIES
6.0 Introduction 108
6.1 Public Consultation 108-110
6.1.1 Public hearing proceeding minutes 111-122
6.1.1.1 Photographs of the Public Hearing 123-125
6.1.2 Public Attendance Sheet 126-132
6.1.2.1 Issue raised during public hearing 133
6.2 Risk Assessment 134-136
6.3 Disaster Management Plan 136-138
6.3.1 Scope 136
6.3.2 Objective 136
6.4 Emergency Planning 138-139
6.4.1 Emergency Planning for Disaster due to Fire 139-140
6.4.2 Need of Establishing a Fire Fighting Group 140
6.4.3 Inspection 140
6.4.4 Procedure for Extinguishing Fire 140-141
6.4.5 Fire Fighting with Water 141
6.4.6 Sources of Water for Fire Fighting 141
6.4.7 Fire Fighting with Fire Extinguishers 141-142
6.5 Environmental Management Cell 142
M/s. S.K. Solvochem Pvt. Ltd. Village: Nimbua, Tehsil: Dera Bassi Dist: Mohali, Punjab
6.6 On–Site Emergency Plan 143
6.6.1 Introduction 143
6.6.2 Preparation of Plan 143
6.6.3 Fire Protection System 144-145
6.7 First Aid 145
6.8 Security 145
6.9 Safety 145-151
6.10 Communication Equipments and Alarm Systems 151
6.10.1 Sirens 151
6.10.2 Personal Protective Equipments 152
6.10.3 Procedure for Testing & Updating the Plan 152
6.10.4 Disclosure of Information to Worker & Public Awareness System in
Existence & Anticipated
152
6.11 Off-Site Emergency Plan 152-162
6.12 Checklist in the Form of DO’S & DON’Ts 164-165
6.13 Rain Water Harvesting Plan 165-167
6.14 Air Modelling Report 167-179
7 CHAPTER PROJECT BENEFITS
7.1 Introduction 180
7.2 Corporate Social Responsibility 181-185
7.3Conclusion 185
8. CHAPTER ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN
8.1 Introduction 186
8.2 Environment Management Policy 186
8.3 Monitoring and Responsibilities 187-190
8.4 Air Environment 190-191
8.4.1 Flue Gas Emission/Fugitive Emission Control 191
8.5 Water Environment 192
8.6 Land Environment 193
M/s. S.K. Solvochem Pvt. Ltd. Village: Nimbua, Tehsil: Dera Bassi Dist: Mohali, Punjab
8.7 Solid Waste 193
8.8 Noise and Communication 194
8.8.1 Effective use of landscaping for Noise Control 194
8.9 Green belt development and Afforestation 194-195
8.10 Solvent Management System 196
8.11 Socio-Economic Development Activities 197
8.11.1 Management Plan for Socio-Economic Environment 197
9. CHAPTER SUMMARY & CONCLUSION
9.1 Introduction 198
9.2 Justification For the Project 198
9.3 Environment Management Plan 198
9.3.1 Air Quality Management 198-199
9.3.2 Water Management 199
9.3.3 Noise Management 199
9.3.4 Solid Waste Management 199
9.3.5 Hazardous Waste Management 199
9.4 Occupational Health & Safety 199
9.5 Plantation Development Programme 200
9.6 Conclusion 200
10. CHAPTER DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANTS ENGAGED
10.1 Disclosure of Consultants Engaged 201-202
M/s. S.K. Solvochem Pvt. Ltd. Village: Nimbua, Tehsil: Dera Bassi Dist: Mohali, Punjab
List of Figures
Figure 2.1: Location map of the project site 12
Figure 2.2: Layout Plan of the project site 13
Figure 2.3 Location Plan of project site 14
Figure -2.4 Solvent Extraction System 19
Figure 2.5 : Process overview 19
Figure 2.6 : Water balance Chart 38
Figure 2.7 : Scheme of Effluent Treatment 47
Figure 2.8 : Multi Effect Evaporator 47
Figure 2.9 : Reverse Osmosis 48
Figure 3.1 Land Use Pattern of the Study Area (10 km Radius from the project
site)
56
Figure 3.2 FCC Map of the Study Area (10 km Radius from the Project Site) 57
Figure 3.3 Drainage Map of the Study Area 58
Figure 3.4 Seismic map of India 62
Figure 3.5 Wind rose Diagram 64
Figure 3.6: Key Plan of Air Monitoring Stations 67
Figure 3.7 – Graph showing PM10 conc. of the study area 71
Figure 3.8 – Graph showing NO2 conc. of the study area 71
Figure 3.9 – Graph showing SO2 conc. of the study area 72
Figure3.10: Photographs of Ambient Air Monitoring 72-73
Figure 3.11 : Key Plan of Noise level Monitoring Stations 75
Figure 3.12 Photographs of Noise Level Monitoring 76
Figure 3.12 Photographs of Soil Sampling 79
Figure 3.14: Key Plan of Soil Sampling Stations 80
Figure 3.15: Key Plan of Water quality Sampling Stations 85
Figure 3.16 . Photographs of Water quality Sampling 86
M/s. S.K. Solvochem Pvt. Ltd. Village: Nimbua, Tehsil: Dera Bassi Dist: Mohali, Punjab
Figure 6.1 Photographs Showing Public Hearing Conduction 123-125
Figure 6.2 On-Site Emergency plan 149
Figure 6.3 Off-site Emergency plan 155
Figure 6.4 Gaussian Plume Model 169
Figure 6.5 Spatial distribution of predicted GLC of SO2 (Normal Scenario) 174
Figure 6.6 Spatial distribution of predicted GLC of NOx (Normal Scenario) 175
Figure 6.7 – Spatial distribution of predicted GLCs of PM10 (Normal Scenario) 176
Figure 6.8 – Spatial distribution of predicted GLCs of SO2 (Emergency Scenario) 177
Figure 6.9 – Spatial distribution of predicted GLCs of NOX (Emergency Scenario) 178
Figure 6.10 – Spatial distribution of predicted GLCs of PM10 (Emergency
Scenario)
179
Figure 8.1 –Environmnetal Management Cell 188
Figure 8.2 : Scrubber for Flue Gas Emission/ Fugitive Emission Control 192
M/s. S.K. Solvochem Pvt. Ltd. Village: Nimbua, Tehsil: Dera Bassi Dist: Mohali, Punjab
List of Tables
Table 1.1 – Brief Description about the project 4-5
Table 2.1- List of Products 14-15
Table 2.2 Land-Use Breakup 36
Table-2.3- Water Consumption Details 37
Table 2.4 Details of raw materials transportation 39-44
Table 2.5 Details of Finished products transportation 44-45
Table-2.6 Waste Water Details 45
Table-2.7 Characteristics of waste water 46
Table-2.8 Treatment flow for effluent as per segregation 50
Table 3.1: Details of Study Area 53
Table 3.2: Land Use Pattern of the Study Area 55
Table 3.3: Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Sampling Stations 65-66
Table 3.4: Procedures for Determining Various Air Quality Parameters 68
Table 3.5 National Ambient Air Quality Standards (Revised) 69-70
Table 3.6: Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Results 70-71
Table 3.7: Noise level Monitoring Sampling Stations 74
Table 3.8: Noise level Monitoring Result 77
Table 3.9: CPCB Noise Standards 77
Table 3.10: Soil Monitoring Station Details 78
Table 3.11: Soil Analysis Result 81
Table 3.12 Surface water sampling Stations 82
Table 3.13 Surface water sampling results 82-83
Table 3.14: Ground Water Sampling Stations 84
Table 3.15: Ground Water quality Analysis Result 86-88
Table – 3.16(A) Common Pulses grown in the area 89-90
Table – 3.16 (B) Common vegetables grown in the area 90
M/s. S.K. Solvochem Pvt. Ltd. Village: Nimbua, Tehsil: Dera Bassi Dist: Mohali, Punjab
Table – 3.16 (C) Common Fruit Trees in the Area 90-91
Table - 3.16 (D) Common Oilseeds Grown in the Area 91
Table – 3.16 (E) Others Crops Grown in the Area 91
Table – 3.17 (A) List of Flora 91-92
Table – 3.17 (B)List of Fauna 92-93
Table 3.18 : Demography (10 km radius of the project site) 94-95
Table 5.1 Post Project Environmental Monitoring Locations 104-105
Table 5.2 Monitoring Parameters & Frequency 105-106
Table 6.1 Main Concerns/Issues Raised During Public Hearing 133
Table 6.2 Details of hazardous Characteristics and toxicity of Raw material and
products to which workers are exposed
159-162
Table No. 6.3: Details of Occupational Health Hazards 163-164
Table No 6.4.: Checklist of Do’s & Don’ts 164-165
Table 6.5 –RWH Details 167
Table 6.6 Dispersion parameters as per stability class (Urban Area) 169
Table 6.7 – Calculation of DG Set Stack Height 171
Table 6.8 – Source Parameter 171
Table 6.9 – Predicted GLC of PM10 at Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Stations
(Normal Scenario)
172
Table 6.10 – Predicted GLC of PM10 at Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Stations
(Emergency Scenario)
172-173
Table no. 7.1- Corporate Responsibility for Environmental Protection (CREP) 182-185
Table 8.1- Cost Details 195
Table 8.2: Details of CSR Activities 197
F. No. J-11011/178/2013- IA II (I) Government of India
Ministry of Environment and Forests (I.A. Division)
Paryavaran Bhawan CGO Complex, Lodhi Road
New Delhi – 110 003
E-mail : [email protected] Telefax : 011: 2436 2875
Dated: 26th September, 2013 To, Shri Sandeep Soi Managing Director M/s S.K.Solvochem Pvt.Ltd. SCF -8, First Floor, Sector 19-D Chandigarh-160019 E-mail:[email protected] ; Fax No.- 0172-5074523 Subject: Synthetic Organic Chemicals Manufacturing Unit (1500 MTPA) at Khasra No.59/1/2(1-
2), 2(3-14), 3(2-6), Village Nimbua, Tehsil DerraBassi, District Mohali, Punjab by M/s S. K. Solvochem Pvt. Ltd. – regarding TORs
Ref. : Your letter no nil dated 6th May, 2013.
Sir,
Kindly refer your letter dated 6th May, 2013 alongwith project documents including Form-I, Pre-feasibility Report and draft ‘Terms of Reference’ as per the EIA Notification, 2006. It is
noted that proposal is for setting up of Synthetic Organic Chemicals Manufacturing Unit (1500 MTPA) at Khasra No.59/1/2(1-2), 2(3-14), 3(2-6), Village Nimbua, Tehsil DerraBassi, District Mohali, Punjab by M/s S. K. Solvochem Pvt. Ltd. Following products will be manufactured:
S.N. Products Capacity (MTPA) 1 2-Ethyl sodium hexonate 500 2 Acelofenic 150 3 Cloxacillin sodium 100 4 Ofloxacin 150 5 6-Amino pencillanic acid 150 6 Cephalexin mono-hydrate 100 7 Pentoprozole 50 8 Atenolol 150 9 Clarithromycin 150
2.0 Draft Terms of Reference (TOR) have been discussed and finalized during the 10th Reconstituted Expert Appraisal Committee (Industry) held during 29th July, 2013 to 31st July, 2013 for preparation of EIA/EMP report. Following are the ‘TORs’:
1. Executive summary of the project 2. Justification of the project. 3. Promoters and their back ground. 4. Regulatory framework. 5. A map indicating location of the project and distance from severely polluted area. 6. Project location and plant layout. 7. Infrastructure facilities including power sources. 8. Total cost of the project alongwith total capital cost and recurring cost/annum for
environmental pollution control measures. 9. Project site location alongwith site map of 10 km area and site details providing various
industries, surface water bodies, forests etc. 10. Present land use based on satellite imagery for the study area of 10 km radius. Details
of land availability for the project alongwith supporting document. 11. Location of National Park/Wild life sanctuary/Reserve forest within 10 km radius of the
project. 12. Permission from the State Forest Department regarding the impact of the proposed plant
on the surrounding reserve forests. 13. Details of the total land and break-up of the land use for green belt and other uses. 14. List of products alongwith the production capacities. 15. Detailed list of raw material required and source, mode of storage. 16. Manufacturing process details alongwith the chemical reactions and process flow chart. 17. Action plan for the transportation of raw material and products. 18. Site-specific micro-meteorological data using temperature, relative humidity, hourly wind
speed and direction and rainfall is necessary. 19. Ambient air quality monitoring at 6 locations within the study area of 5 km., aerial
coverage from project site as per NAAQES notified on 16th September, 2009. Location of one AAQMS in downwind direction.
20. One season site-specific micro-meteorological data using temperature, relative humidity, hourly wind speed and direction and rainfall and AAQ data (except monsoon) for PM10, SO2, NOx, CO, NH3 including VOCs shall be collected. The monitoring stations shall take into account the pre-dominant wind direction, population zone and sensitive receptors including reserved forests. Data for water and noise monitoring shall also be included.
21. Details of water and air pollution and its mitigation plan 22. Air pollution control measures proposed for the effective control of gaseous/process
emissions within permissible limits. 23. An action plan prepared by SPCB to control and monitor secondary fugitive emissions
from all the sources. 24. Determination of atmospheric inversion level at the project site and assessment of
ground level concentration of pollutants from the stack emission based on site-specific meteorological features. Air quality modelling for proposed plant.
25. Name of all the solvents to be used in the process and details of solvent recovery system.
26. Design details of ETP, incinerator, if any alongwith boiler, scrubbers/bag filters etc. 27. Action plan to control ambient air quality as per NAAQS Standards notified by the
Ministry on 16th September, 2009. 28. Permission from CGWA/SGWA for the drawl of 40 m3/day ground water. Water balance
chart including quantity of effluent generated recycled and reused and effluent discharge.
29. Complete scheme of effluent treatment. Characteristics of untreated and treated effluent to meet the standard.
30. Zero discharge effluent concepts to be adopted. 31. Ground water quality monitoring minimum at 6 locations shall be carried out. Geological
features and Geo-hydrological status of the study area and ecological status (Terrestrial and Aquatic).
32. The details of solid and hazardous wastes generation, storage, utilization and disposal particularly related to the hazardous waste calorific value of hazardous waste and detailed characteristic of the hazardous waste. Action plan for the disposal of fly ash generated from boiler shall be included.
33. Material Safety Data Sheet for all the Chemicals are being used/will be used. 34. Authorization/Membership for the disposal of solid/hazardous waste in TSDF. 35. Risk assessment for storage for chemicals/solvents. Action plan for handling & safety
system. 36. An action plan to develop green belt in 33 % area. Layout plan for green belt shall be
provided. 37. Action plan for rainwater harvesting measures at plant site shall be included to harvest
rainwater from the roof tops and storm water drains to recharge the ground water. 38. Details of occupational health programme.
i) To which chemicals, workers are exposed directly or indirectly. ii) Whether these chemicals are within Threshold Limit Values (TLV)/ Permissible
Exposure Levels as per ACGIH recommendation. iii) What measures company have taken to keep these chemicals within PEL/TLV. iv) How the workers are evaluated concerning their exposure to chemicals during pre-
placement and periodical medical monitoring. v) What are onsite and offsite emergency plan during chemical disaster. vi) Liver function tests (LFT) during pre-placement and periodical examination. vii) Details of occupational health surveillance programme.
39. Socio-economic development activities shall be in place. 40. Note on compliance to the recommendations mentioned in the CREP guidelines. 41. Detailed Environment management Plan (EMP) with specific reference to details of air
pollution control system, water & wastewater management, monitoring frequency, responsibility and time bound implementation plan for mitigation measure shall be provided.
42. EMP shall include the concept of waste-minimization, recycle / reuse / recover techniques, Energy conservation, and natural resource conservation.
43. Total capital cost and recurring cost/annum for environmental pollution control measures.
44. Corporate Environmental Responsibility
(a) Does the company have a well laid down Environment Policy approved by its Board of Directors? If so, it may be detailed in the EIA report.
(b) Does the Environmental Policy prescribe for standard operating process/procedures to bring into focus any infringement / deviation / violation of the environmental or forest norms / conditions? If so, it may be detailed in the EIA report.
(c )What is the hierarchical system or Administrative order of the company to deal with the environmental issues and for ensuring compliance with the EC conditions. Details of this system may be given.
(d)Does the company have a system of reporting of non-compliance / violations of environmental norms to the Board of Directors of the company and / or shareholders
or stakeholders at large? This reporting mechanism should be detailed in the EIA report.
45. Any litigation pending against the project and/or any direction/order passed by any Court of Law against the project, if so, details thereof.
46. Public hearing issues raised and commitments made by the project proponent on the same should be included separately in EIA/EMP Report in the form of tabular chart with financial budget for complying with the commitments made.
47. A tabular chart with index for point wise compliance of above TORs.
The following general points shall be noted: i. All documents shall be properly indexed, page numbered. ii. Period/date of data collection shall be clearly indicated. iii. Authenticated English translation of all material provided in Regional languages. iv. The letter/application for EC shall quote the MOEF file No. and also attach a copy of the
letter. v. The copy of the letter received from the Ministry shall be also attached as an annexure
to the final EIA-EMP Report. vi. The final EIA-EMP report submitted to the Ministry must incorporate the issues in this
letter. The index of the final EIA-EMP report must indicate the specific chapter and page no. of the EIA-EMP Report.
vii. Certificate of Accreditation issued by the QCI to the environmental consultant shall be included.
3.0 These ‘TORs’ should be considered for the preparation of EIA / EMP report Synthetic Organic Chemicals Manufacturing Unit (1500 MTPA) at Khasra No.59/1/2(1-2), 2(3-14), 3(2-6), Village Nimbua, Tehsil DerraBassi, District Mohali, Punjab by M/s S. K. Solvochem Pvt. Ltd. in addition to all the relevant information as per the ‘General Structure of EIA’ given in Appendix III and IIIA in the EIA Notification, 2006. The EIA/EMP as per TORs should be submitted to the Chairman, Punjab Pollution Control Board, (PPCB) for public consultation. The PPCB shall conduct the public hearing/public consultation as per the provisions of EIA notification, 2006. 4.0 You are requested to kindly submit the final EIA/EMP prepared as per TORs and incorporating all the issues raised during Public Hearing / Public Consultation to the Ministry for considering the proposal for environmental clearance within 2 years as per the MoEF O.M. No. J-11013/41/2006-IA.II (I) dated 22nd March, 2010. 2 5.0 The consultants involved in the preparation of EIA/EMP report after accreditation with Quality Council of India / National Accreditation Board of Education and Training (QCI/NABET) would need to include a certificate in this regard in the EIA/EMP reports prepared by them and data provided by other Organization(s)/Laboratories including their status of approvals etc.
(V. P. Upadhyay)
Director Copy to: The Chairman Punjab Pollution Control Board Vatavaran Bhawan, Nabha Road,
Patiala, 147001, Punjab, India Phone: 91-175-2215793, 2215802
(V. P. Upadhyay) Director
Project Name: S.K. Solvochem Pvt. Ltd. Village: Nimbua, Tehsil: Dera Bassi Compliance of ToR Dist: Mohali, Punjab
i
COMPLIANCE OF TOR
Point wise compliance of TOR points issued by Ministry of Environment, Forests &
Climate Change, Impact Assessment Division, Government of India, New Delhi vide
letter no. F.NO.J-11011/178/2013-IA-II (I) dated 26th September, 2013 for the
Synthetic Organic manufacturing unit at Village Nimbua, Tehsil DeraBassi, District-
Mohali, Punjab by M/s S.K. Solvochem Pvt. Ltd.
SN Description Reply Page Ref.
1 Executive summary of
the project
Executive Summary of the Project is attached as
Annexure 1. Annexure
1
2 Justification of the
project.
Most of the raw materials are indigenous. Also
there is easy availability of infrastructure, man
power and easy availability of raw materials.
This results in the availability of cheaper
products than imported products. Due to the
above reasons, it will bring revenue to the
state exchequer also.
Detail of same has been given in Chapter 2 of
Final EIA-EMP report.
We have received a letter from MoEF&CC,
Chandigarh regarding status of project. Query
letter along with reply has been attached as
Annexure 2
Page no.
10
Project Name: S.K. Solvochem Pvt. Ltd. Village: Nimbua, Tehsil: Dera Bassi Compliance of ToR Dist: Mohali, Punjab
ii
3 Promoters and their
back ground.
Details of Project Promoter & their back ground
is given in Chapter 1.
Also, the detail of same has been enclosed in
Chapter 1 of Final EIA-EMP report.
Name of
the Project
M/s S.K. Solvochem Pvt. Ltd.
Name of
Project
Proponent
Mr. Sandeep Soi, Managing Director C/o Solvochem Pvt. Ltd. SCF-8, First Floor, Sector 19-D, Chandigarh
Location of
the Project
Village Nimbua, Tehsil- Derra
Bassi, District Mohali.
Page no. 3
4 Regulatory
framework
Detail of same has been given in Chapter 1 of
Final EIA-EMP report
Page no. 1-
3
5 A map indicating
location of the project
and distance from
severely polluted
area.
Map indicating location of the project and
distance from severely polluted area has been
incorporated in Chapter 2 of Final EIA-EMP
report
Page no.
12
6 Project location and
plant layout.
The proposed project is situated at Village
Nimbua, Tehsil- Derabassi, District -Mohali
(Punjab).Location map and layout plan are
attached in Chapter 2 of Final EIA-EMP report.
Page no.
12-14
7 Infrastructure
facilities including
power sources.
The factory building along with some other
ancillary structures is proposed to be
constructed. It will provide adequate space for
the following areas of working:-
1. Storage for raw material and finished goods.
Page no.
35-36
Project Name: S.K. Solvochem Pvt. Ltd. Village: Nimbua, Tehsil: Dera Bassi Compliance of ToR Dist: Mohali, Punjab
iii
2. Plant and Machinery
3. Store
4. Offices
5. Toilets
6. Water storage tanks
Open space will be landscaped and trees will be
planted in due course of time.
The power requirement will be 500 KW.
Water will be supplied from existing tube-well
8 Total cost of the
project along with
total capital cost and
recurring cost/annum
for environmental
pollution control
measures.
Total project cost – Rs. 4.5crore
EMP Cost – 98 lakh
Recurring Cost – 50 lakh
Also, the detail of same has been included in
Chapter 8 of EIA-EMP report.
Page no.
195
9 Project site location
along with site map of
10 km area and site
details providing
various industries,
surface water bodies,
forests etc.
All the details regarding project site location
along with site map of 10 km area and site
details has been given in Chapter 3 of EIA-EMP
report
Page no.
85
10 Present land use
based on satellite
imagery for the study
area of 10 km radius.
Present land use based on satellite imagery for
the study area of 10 km radius has been
included in Chapter 3 of EIA-EMP report
Page No.
54-58
Project Name: S.K. Solvochem Pvt. Ltd. Village: Nimbua, Tehsil: Dera Bassi Compliance of ToR Dist: Mohali, Punjab
iv
Details of land
availability for the
project along with
supporting document.
11 Location of National
Park/Wild life
sanctuary/Reserve
forest within 10 km
radius of the project.
Detail of same has been enclosed in Chapter 1
of Final EIA-EMP report.
Page no.
4-5
12 Permission from the
State Forest
Department regarding
the impact of the
proposed plant on the
surrounding reserve
forests.
There will be no impact on surrounding
premises due to proposed project
--
13 Details of the total
land and break-up of
the land use for green
belt and other uses.
Total land requirement for the proposed
project is 63900 feet2. Out of which 33% will be
used for greenbelt development. Also, the detail
of same has been given in Chapter 2 of Final
EIA-EMP report.
Page No.
36
14 List of products along
with the production
capacities.
The List of products and production capacities
has been enclosed in Chapter 2 of Final EIA-
EMP report.
Page No.
14-15
15
Detailed list of raw
material required and
Detailed list of raw material required and
source, mode of storage has been given in
Page no.
15-17
Project Name: S.K. Solvochem Pvt. Ltd. Village: Nimbua, Tehsil: Dera Bassi Compliance of ToR Dist: Mohali, Punjab
v
source, mode of
storage.
Chapter 2 of Final EIA-EMP report.
16 Manufacturing
process details along
with the chemical
reactions and process
flow chart.
Details of manufacturing process details along
with the chemical reactions and process flow
chart has been given in Chapter 2 of EIA-EMP
report.
Page no.
17-34
17 Action plan for the
transportation of raw
material and
products.
Action plan for the transportation of raw
material and products has been given in
Chapter 2 of EIA-EMP report
Page no.
39-45
18 Site-specific micro
meteorological data
using temperature,
relative humidity,
hourly wind speed
and direction and
rainfall is necessary.
Site-specific micro meteorological data along
with wind rose diagram has been given in
chapter 3 of Final EIA-EMP report.
Page No.
63-64
19 Ambient air quality
monitoring at 6
locations within the
study area of 5 km.,
aerial coverage from
project site as per
NAAQES notified on
16th September, 2009.
Location of one
Ambient air quality monitoring at 6 locations
within the study area has been given in Chapter
3 of EIA-EMP report.
Page No.
68-73
Project Name: S.K. Solvochem Pvt. Ltd. Village: Nimbua, Tehsil: Dera Bassi Compliance of ToR Dist: Mohali, Punjab
vi
AAQMS in downwind
direction.
20 One season site-
specific micro-
meteorological data
using temperature,
relative humidity,
hourly wind speed
and direction and
rainfall and AAQ data
(except monsoon) for
PM10, SO2, NOx, CO,
NH3 including VOCs
shall be collected. The
monitoring stations
shall take into account
the pre-dominant
wind direction,
population zone and
sensitive receptors
including reserved
forests. Data for water
and noise monitoring
shall also be included.
One season site-specific micro-meteorological
data using temperature, relative humidity,
hourly wind speed and direction and rainfall
and AAQ data (except monsoon) for PM10, SO2,
NOx, CO, NH3 including VOCs has been included
in Chapter 3 of EIA-EMP report. Also, the detail
of hourly met data has been enclosed in
Annexure 3 of Final EIA-EMP report.
Page no.
68-88 &
Annexure
3
21 Details of water and
air pollution and its
mitigation plan.
Details of water and air pollution and its
mitigation plan has been included in Chapter 8
of EIA-EMP report.
Page No.
190-193
Project Name: S.K. Solvochem Pvt. Ltd. Village: Nimbua, Tehsil: Dera Bassi Compliance of ToR Dist: Mohali, Punjab
vii
22 Air pollution control
measures proposed
for the effective
control of
gaseous/process
emissions within
permissible limits.
Detail of same has been enclosed in Chapter 8
of Final EIA-EMP report.
Page No.
190-191
23 An action plan
prepared by SPCB to
control and monitor
secondary fugitive
emissions from all the
sources.
An action plan to control and monitor
secondary fugitive emissions will be prepared
by SPCB.
--
24 Determination of
atmospheric inversion
level at the project
site and assessment of
ground level
concentration of
pollutants from the
stack emission based
on site-specific
meteorological
features. Air quality
modeling for
proposed plant.
Atmospheric inversion data has been collected
from the nearest meteorological stations.
Assessment of ground level concentration of
pollutants from the stack emissions based on
site-specific meteorological features and
related air quality modeling details are given in
Chapter 6 of Final EIA-EMP repot
Page no.
167-179
Project Name: S.K. Solvochem Pvt. Ltd. Village: Nimbua, Tehsil: Dera Bassi Compliance of ToR Dist: Mohali, Punjab
viii
25 Name of all the
solvents to be used in
the process and
details of solvent
recovery system.
Name of all solvents to be used in the process
along with solvent recovery system has been
given in Chapter 2 of Final EIA-EMP report
Page no.
17-34
26 Design details of ETP,
incinerator, if any
along with boiler,
scrubbers/bag filters
etc.
Details of same has been given in Chapter 2 of
EIA-EMP report.
Page No.
45-50
27 Action plan to control
ambient air quality as
per NAAQS Standards
notified by the
Ministry on 16th
September, 2009.
All the reactors will be connected to scrubber
for scrubbing of any emission form reactions or
process therof. Detail of same has been given in
Chapter 8 of Final EIA-EMP report.
Page No.
191-192
28 Permission from
CGWA/SGWA for the
drawl of 40 m3/day
ground water. Water
balance
Chart including
quantity of effluent
generated recycled
and reused and
effluent discharge.
Daily fresh water requirement will be 40 KLD
which will be met through Bore well. SK
Solvochem is in progress of applying for the
permission/NOC for drawl of 40 KLD to the
CGWA, Chandigarh. The plant will be
operational only after getting the require
consent from CGWA.
Total 77KLD of water require to run the plant,
out of which 37 KLD will be recycle and rest 40
KLD will be met through borewell. Details of
same has been given in Chapter 2 of Final EIA-
Page No.
36-38
Project Name: S.K. Solvochem Pvt. Ltd. Village: Nimbua, Tehsil: Dera Bassi Compliance of ToR Dist: Mohali, Punjab
ix
EMP report.
29 Complete scheme of
effluent treatment.
Characteristics of
untreated and treated
effluent to meet the
standard.
Details of same has been enclosed in Chapter 2
of Final EIA-EMP report.
Page No.
47-50
30 Zero discharge
effluent concepts to be
adopted.
Detail of same has been enclosed in Chapter 2
of Final EIA-EMP report
Page No.
47-50
31 Ground water quality
monitoring minimum
at 6 locations shall be
carried out. Geological
features and Geo-
hydrological status of
the study area and
ecological status
(Terrestrial and
Aquatic).
Details of ground water quality monitoring at 6
locations has been incorporated in Chapter 3 of
EIA-EMP report
Page No.
83-88
Project Name: S.K. Solvochem Pvt. Ltd. Village: Nimbua, Tehsil: Dera Bassi Compliance of ToR Dist: Mohali, Punjab
x
32 The details of solid
and hazardous wastes
generation, storage,
utilization and
disposal particularly
related to the
hazardous waste
calorific value of
hazardous waste and
detailed characteristic
of the hazardous
waste. Action plan for
the disposal of fly ash
generated from boiler
shall be included.
The solid waste generated from the project will
be Hazardous and non- hazardous type. The
hazardous waste will be generated from the
process like spent carbon and non- hazardous
waste will be generated from other activities
like fuel burning and spent lubricant from DG
sets.
The Hazardous wastes generated from the unit
send to NIMBUA which is a Common Storage,
Treatment, & Disposal Facility and approved
from PPCB.
There will be no fly ash as coal is not being used
in Boiler.
Also, detail of same has been incorporated in
Chapter 8 of Final EIA-EMP report.
Page No.
191-193
33 Material Safety Data
Sheet for all the
Chemicals are being
used/will be used.
Common Hazardous Waste Treatment, Storage
& Disposal Facility approved by PPCB
operating at Vill. Nimbua, Dera Bassi, Distt.
Mohali (Operator: M/s Ramky Enviro Engineers
Ltd.) is ~2.5 km from site and memebership
will be taken after installation of industry and
before starting of production. Also material
safety data sheet has been attached as
Annexure 4 to EIA-EMP report.
Annexure
4
34 Authorization/Membe
rship for the disposal
of solid/hazardous
Same will be taken before the production start
Project Name: S.K. Solvochem Pvt. Ltd. Village: Nimbua, Tehsil: Dera Bassi Compliance of ToR Dist: Mohali, Punjab
xi
waste in TSDF.
35 Risk assessment for
storage for
chemicals/solvents.
Action plan for
handling & safety
system.
Details of Risk assessment for storage for
chemicals/solvents has been given in Chapter 6
of EIA-EMP report.
Page no.
134-136
36 An action plan to
develop green belt in
33 % area. Layout
plan for green belt
shall be provided.
Details of the same has been given in Chapter 2
of EIA-EMP report.
Page No.
13 &36
37 Action plan for
rainwater harvesting
measures at plant site
shall be included to
harvest rainwater
from the roof tops and
storm water drains to
recharge the ground
water.
Detailed rain water harvesting plan has been
given in Chapter 6 of EIA-EMP report.
Page No.
165-167
38 Details of
occupational health
programme.
Details of occupational health programme has
been given in Chapter 8 of EIA-EMP report.
Page no.
194-195
i) To which chemicals,
workers are exposed
Details of same has been given in EIA-EMP
report.
Page no.
159-162
Project Name: S.K. Solvochem Pvt. Ltd. Village: Nimbua, Tehsil: Dera Bassi Compliance of ToR Dist: Mohali, Punjab
xii
directly or indirectly.
ii) Whether these
chemicals are within
Threshold Limit
Values (TLV)/
Permissible Exposure
Levels as per ACGIH
recommendation.
Yes, all the chemicals are within threshold limit
values/permissible exposure levels as per
ACGIH recommendation
--
iii) What measures
company have taken
to keep these
chemicals within
PEL/TLV.
Details of same has been given in Chapter 8 of
Final EIA-EMP report.
Page No.
194-195
iv) How the workers are
evaluated concerning
their exposure to
chemicals during pre
placement and
periodical medical
monitoring.
Details of same has been given in Chapter 6 of
EIA-EMP report.
Page no.
164-165
v) What are onsite and
offsite emergency
plan during chemical
disaster.
Detailed onsite and offsite emergency plan has
been given in Chapter 6 of EIA-EMP report.
Page no.
134-158
vi) Liver function tests
(LFT) during pre-
Same will be done accordingly
Project Name: S.K. Solvochem Pvt. Ltd. Village: Nimbua, Tehsil: Dera Bassi Compliance of ToR Dist: Mohali, Punjab
xiii
placement and
periodical
examination.
vii
)
Details of
occupational health
surveillance
programme.
Details of same has been incorporated in
Chapter 8 of EIA-EMP report.
Page no.
194-195
39 Socio-economic
development
activities shall be in
place.
The said project will not have any significant
impact on Socio-economic pattern of the
surrounding region. The project shall generate
indirect employment opportunities, which will
contribute to social upliftment of the people in
surrounding area. Also, the detail of same has
been given in Chapter 8 of Final EIA-EMP report.
Page No.
197
40 Note on compliance to
the recommendations
mentioned in the
CREP guidelines.
Details of same has been given in Chapter 7 of
Final EIA-EMP report.
Page No.
182-185
41 Detailed Environment
management Plan
(EMP) with specific
reference to details of
air pollution control
system, water &
wastewater
management,
monitoring frequency,
Details of Environment management Plan
(EMP) has been given in Chapter 8 of EIA-EMP
report.
Page No.
186-197
Project Name: S.K. Solvochem Pvt. Ltd. Village: Nimbua, Tehsil: Dera Bassi Compliance of ToR Dist: Mohali, Punjab
xiv
responsibility and
time bound
implementation plan
for mitigation
measure shall be
provided.
42 EMP shall include the
concept of waste-
minimization, recycle
/ reuse / recover
techniques, Energy
conservation, and
natural resource
conservation.
Details of same has been given in Chapter 8 of
EIA-EMP report.
Page No.
186-197
43 Total capital cost and
recurring cost/annum
for environmental
pollution control
measures.
Total project cost – Rs. 4.5 crore
EMP Cost – 98 lakh
Recurring Cost – 50 lakh
Page no.
195
44 Corporate
Environmental
Responsibility
Details of same has been given in Chapter 7 of
EIA-EMP report.
Page No.
181-185
(a) Does the company
have a well laid down
Environment Policy
approved by its Board
of Directors? If so, it
Yes policy approved by Managing Director.
Copy of Policy addressing about the
commitment from SK Solvochem regarding the
concern about Environment, Health and Safety
Page No.
181-185
Project Name: S.K. Solvochem Pvt. Ltd. Village: Nimbua, Tehsil: Dera Bassi Compliance of ToR Dist: Mohali, Punjab
xv
may be detailed in the
EIA report.
of surroundings, employees and organization
has been given in Chapter 7 of Final EIA-EMP
report
(b) Does the
Environmental Policy
prescribe for standard
operating
process/procedures
to bring into focus any
infringement /
deviation / violation
of the environmental
or forest norms /
conditions? If so, it
may be detailed in the
EIA report.
Yes, policy approved by Managing Director.
Copy of policy addressing standard operating
procedures to bring into focus any infringement
/ deviation / violation of the Environmental or
Forest norms / condition has been given in
Chapter 7 of Final EIA-EMP report
181-185
(c) What is the
hierarchical system or
Administrative order
of the company to
deal with the
environmental issues
and for ensuring
compliance with the
EC conditions.
Details of this system
may be given.
Details of same has been given in Chapter 8 of
EIA-EMP report.
Page no.
188
Project Name: S.K. Solvochem Pvt. Ltd. Village: Nimbua, Tehsil: Dera Bassi Compliance of ToR Dist: Mohali, Punjab
xvi
(d) Does the company
have a system of
reporting of non-
compliance /
violations of
environmental norms
to the Board of
Directors of the
company and/ or
shareholders or
stakeholders at large?
This reporting
mechanism should be
detailed in the EIA
report.
Details of same has been given in Chapter 8 of
EIA-EMP report.
Page no.
186-187
45 Any litigation pending
against the project
and/or any
direction/order
passed by any Court
of Law against the
project, if so, details
thereof.
No litigation is pending and no direction has
been passed by any court with regards to the
project.
--
46 Public hearing issues
raised and
commitments made
by the project
proponent on the
Details of same has been attached in Chapter 6
of EIA-EMP report.
Page no.
108-133
Project Name: S.K. Solvochem Pvt. Ltd. Village: Nimbua, Tehsil: Dera Bassi Compliance of ToR Dist: Mohali, Punjab
xvii
same should be
included separately in
EIA/EMP Report in
the form of tabular
chart with financial
budget for complying
with the
commitments made.
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CHAPTER -1
INTRODUCTION
1.0 PURPOSE OF THE REPORT
The Indian chemical industry is among the traditional sectors of the country that
play an integral role in the country’s economic development. This sector forms a
part of the basic goods industry and is a critical input for industrial and
agricultural development.
The Indian chemical industry is one of the oldest industries in India and has made
immense contribution to the industrial and agricultural development of India. It
encompasses both large and small-scale units. The fiscal incentives granted to the
smallscale units in the mid-1980s provided the thrust to the growth of Micro,
Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in the sector. The chemical industry
serves the needs of sectors such as textiles, pharma, petrochemicals, dyes, leather,
plastics, paper, printing inks and food stuffs, among others.
It is the one of the most diversified industrial sectors and includes basic chemicals
and its products, petrochemicals, fertilizers, paints, gases, pharmaceuticals, dyes,
etc. The sector covers over 70,000 commercial products, and provides the
feedstock to many downstream industries such as finished drugs, dyestuffs, paper,
synthetic rubber, plastics, polyester, paints, pesticides, fertilizers and detergents.
Over the years, the industry has been evolving with a shift towards product
innovation, brand building and environmental friendliness. Besides, customer
focus is gaining significance in the industry.
S.K. Solvochem has proposed to produce bulk drugs at Village- Nimbua, Tehsil
Dera Bassi, Distt. Mohali, Punjab.
1.2 Regulatory Frame Work:
Every anthropogenic activity has some impact on the environment. More often it is
harmful to the environment than benign. Mankind cannot live idle without taking
up activities for their food, security and other needs. Consequently, there is a need
to harmonise developmental activities with the environmental concerns. It is
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desirable to ensure that the development options under consideration are
sustainable. In doing so, environmental consequences must be characterized early
in the project cycle and accounted in the project.
To keep the environment congenial for better standard of living, the provisions
have been made in the constitution of India and many enactments have taken
place, so that, industrialization may not have adverse impact on the environment.
There are many Acts / Rules / Notifications issued by MoEF, a few of them are
mentioned below:
1. Environment (Protection) Act, 1986
2. Environment (Protection) Rules, 1986
3. Water (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Act, 1974
4. Air (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Act, 1981
5. Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) notification, dated 14th September
2006
Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is one of the important tools to
understand and then to take corrective measures to undo undesirable impacts of
the industry on the environment.
As per the EIA notification dated 14th September 2006, it is mandatory to get the
Environmental Clearance for any new industry or the expansion of the industry
from Ministry of Environment & Forests, Government of India, and New Delhi
depending upon nature and size of the project.
S.K. Solvochem has proposed to produce bulk drugs at Village- Nimbua, Tehsil
Dera Bassi, Distt. Mohali, Punjab over an area of about 63900 feet2. The production
capacity is about 1500 MT/year. As per EIA Notification dated 14th September
2006, this project falls under Category “B” Project or Activity-5 (f), as the project is
located in a notified industrial estate, but it fulfill general condition as mentioned
in EIA notification, 2006 (Punjab- Haryana interstate Boundary within 10 Km of
the project site), therefore this project requires Environmental Clearance from
MoEF, New Delhi under category ‘A’.
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As a process of getting Environmental Clearance, Environment Impact Assessment
study is to be conducted and impact due to this proposed project during construction as
well as during operation are to be assessed and adequate mitigation measures are to be
suggested for implementation. So that adverse impacts if any are kept under control and
within the permissible limits.
1.3 IDENTIFICATION OF THE PROJECT AND PROJECT PROPONENT
1.3.1 Project Proponent
Applicant:
Mr. Sandeep Soi, Managing Director
C/o Solvochem Pvt. Ltd.
SCF-8, First Floor, Sector 19-D
Chandigarh
1.3.2 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE NATURE OF SITE, LOCATION OF THE PROJECT
Various advantageous features of the site were the main :
Availability of raw material of proper quality and quantity in abundance
from the nearby sites.
Environmental Consideration such as statutory distance from major roads
and safety distance from nearby villagers, wind direction and speed etc
Good facility for Transportation of raw materials and fuel to the site and
finished product to the markets.
Availability of infrastructure facilities such as water supply, roads and
power.
Availability of social infrastructure and man power.
No wildlife Sanctuary & National Park exist within the study area (10 km
radius).
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No Protected forest, Reserve forest, Ecologically sensitive area, National Park,
Biosphere Reserve & Wild Life Sanctuary are found with-in 10 km radius of the
plant site. The site can be located on the Survey of India Topo-sheet no. H43K14,
H43L2.
TABLE No. : 1.1
BRIEF DESCRIPTION ABOUT THE PROJECT
S. NO. Particulars Details
1. Locations
Village Nimbua
Tehsil Dera Bassi
District Mohali
State Punjab
Latitude 30°36’02.49”N
Longitude 76°54’27.92”E
Elevation 381 mts.
2. Land Details
Total Plot Area 63900 feet2
Area for Green Belt Development 33% of the plant area)
3. Cost Details
Cost of the Project Rs 4.5 Crores
Cost on EMP Rs 98 lakh
Recurring Cost of Environment Protection Measures
50 lakh
4. Project Vicinity Details
Nearest National /State Highway NH-22 (6 km)
Nearest Railway Station Chandigarh ( about 20 Km)
Nearest Airport Chandigarh (About 19 km)
Watercourses or other water bodies Ghaggar river, 3.8 Km NW
Dangri River, 8.0 Km NE
5. Environmental Setting
National Parks/ Wild Life Sanctuaries/ Biosphere Reserves/ Reserved / Protected Forest within 10 km radius (Boundary to boundary distance)
Narnaul RF(1.8 km NW) Rasulpur (7.0 W) Bir Kheri PF (3 km) Bir Dadrala PF (4 km) Bir Baqarpura PF (7 km)
Seismic Zone Seismic Zone - IV
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Archeological Sites There is no archeological site within 10 kms of the study area.
6. Micro-Meteorology (Study Period: Feb to April 2014)
Temperature Max. 40°C
Min. 6°C
Relative Humidity Min.-23%
Max.-80%
Average Annual Rainfall 1000-1100 mm (average)
Pre-dominant Wind direction NW
1.4 SCOPE OF THE STUDY
The disciplines covered under the scope of study are prerequisite information of
the site, manufacturing process, effluent generation and its proper disposal,
impacts and management plans. This report has been prepared as per the ToR
Letter issued by MoEF.
The ToR presentation was held on 31.07.2013 before the Expert Appraisal
Committee of MoEF, Govt of India and ToR was issued on 26.09.2013 MoEF vide
letter No. J-11011/178/2013-IA.II (I) for preparation of the Draft Environmental
Impact Assessment (EIA) Report and Environmental Management Plan (EMP).
Executive summary of the project
Justification of the project.
Promoters and their back ground.
Regulatory framework.
Map indicated location of the project and distance from severely polluted area.
Project location and plant layout.
Infrastructure facilities including power sources.
Total cost of the project alongwith total capital cost and recurring cost/annum
for environmental pollution control measures.
Project site location alongwith site map of 10 km area and site details
providing various industries, surface water bodies, forests etc.
Present land use based on satellite imagery for the study area of 10 km radius.
Details of land availability for the project alongwith supporting document.
Location of National Park/Wild life sanctuary/Reserve forest within 10 km
radius of the project.
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Permission from the State Forest Department regarding the impact of the
proposed plant on the surrounding reserve forests.
Details of the total land and break-up of the land use for green belt and other
uses.
List of products alongwith the production capacities.
Detailed list of raw material required and source, mode of storage.
Manufacturing process details alongwith the chemical reactions and process
flow chart.
Action plan for the transportation of raw material and products.
Site-specific micro-meteorological data using temperature, relative humidity,
hourly wind speed and direction and rainfall is necessary.
Ambient air quality monitoring at 6 locations within the study area of 5 km.,
aerial coverage from project site as per NAAQES notified on 16th September,
2009. Location of one AAQMS in downwind direction.
One season site-specific micro-meteorological data using temperature,
relative humidity, hourly wind speed and direction and rainfall and AAQ data
(except monsoon) for PM10,SO2, NOx, CO, NH3 including VOCs shall be
collected. The monitoring stations shall take into account the pre-dominant
wind direction, population zone and sensitive receptors including reserved
forests. Data for water and noise monitoring shall also be included.
Details of water and air pollution and its mitigation plan
Air pollution control measures proposed for the effective control of
gaseous/process emissions within permissible limits.
An action plan prepared by SPCB to control and monitor secondary fugitive
emissions from all the sources.
Determination of atmospheric inversion level at the project site and
assessment of ground level concentration of pollutants from the stack
emission based on site-specific meteorological features. Air quality modelling
for proposed plant.
Name of all the solvents to be used in the process and details of solvent
recovery system.
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Design details of ETP, incinerator, if any alongwith boiler, scrubbers/bag
filters etc.
Action plan to control ambient air quality as per NAAQS Standards notified by
the Ministry on 16th September, 2009.
Permission from CGWA/SGWA for the drawl of 40 m3/day ground water.
Water balance chart including quantity of effluent generated recycled and
reused and effluent discharge.
Complete scheme of effluent treatment. Characteristics of untreated and
treated effluent to meet the standard.
Zero discharge effluent concepts to be adopted.
Ground water quality monitoring minimum at 6 locations shall be carried out.
Geological features and Geo-hydrological status of the study area and
ecological status (Terrestrial and Aquatic).
The details of solid and hazardous wastes generation, storage, utilization and
disposal particularly related to the hazardous waste calorific value of
hazardous waste and detailed characteristic of the hazardous waste. Action
plan for the disposal of fly ash generated from boiler shall be included.
Material Safety Data Sheet for all the Chemicals are being used/will be used.
Authorization/Membership for the disposal of solid/hazardous waste in TSDF.
Risk assessment for storage for chemicals/solvents. Action plan for handling &
safety system.
An action plan to develop green belt in 33 % area. Layout plan for green belt
shall be provided.
Action plan for rainwater harvesting measures at plant site shall be included
to harvest rainwater from the roof tops and storm water drains to recharge
the ground water.
Details of occupational health programme.
i. To which chemicals, workers are exposed directly or indirectly.
ii. Whether these chemicals are within Threshold Limit Values (TLV)/
Permissible Exposure Levels as per ACGIH recommendation.
iii. What measures company have taken to keep these chemicals within
PEL/TLV.
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iv. How the workers are evaluated concerning their exposure to chemicals
during pre placement and periodical medical monitoring.
v. What are onsite and offsite emergency plan during chemical disaster.
vi. Liver function tests (LFT) during pre-placement and periodical
examination.
vii. Details of occupational health surveillance programme.
Socio-economic development activities shall be in place.
Note on compliance to the recommendations mentioned in the CREP
guidelines.
Detailed Environment management Plan (EMP) with specific reference to
details of air pollution control system, water & wastewater management,
monitoring frequency, responsibility and time bound implementation plan for
mitigation measure shall be provided.
EMP shall include the concept of waste-minimization, recycle / reuse /
recover techniques, Energy conservation, and natural resource conservation.
Total capital cost and recurring cost/annum for environmental pollution
control measures.
Efforts have been laid down to address each & every aspect of Impact of Project
activity on the environment. All the above points addressed in ToR letter from
MoEF have been incorporated in the Final EIA/EMP Report.
The report has been divided into ten chapters as described below:
Chapter-1 gives information about the project proponent i.e. M/s S.K. Solvochem
Pvt. Ltd. and the proposed project including its location and
justification/importance, brief details around the surrounding area and details
about site selection criteria considered. It also outlines the statutory requirement
of obtaining prior Environment Clearance, steps to be followed for the same and
basic purpose, scope and methodology of EIA study.
Chapter-2 is Project Description and infrastructure facilities incorporating all
industrial and environmental activities of the project proponent for setting up of
the proposed project for the manufacturing of various types of API Bulk Drugs. It
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also gives information about manufacturing process and raw materials, sources of
pollution and details of pollution control facilities to be provided i.e. water and
waste water details, air pollution and control system, sludge storage facility, noise
control measures etc.
Chapter-3 is Description of the Environment which includes Base Line
Environment Study giving details about status of air quality, meteorology, water,
noise, land, ecology and socio economic environment of the study area based on
information collected through actual field study or from secondary sources.
Chapter-4 is Identification of Impacts (and its mitigation measures), which
identifies the impacts of various environmental parameters whether beneficial or
deleterious for the construction and operation phase of the project. It also
quantifies significant impacts of the proposed project on various environmental
components for the construction and operation phase of the project.
Chapter-5 is Environmental Monitoring Plan which provides details of monitoring
plan of various environmental parameters as well as its frequency of monitoring.
Chapter-6 is Additional Studies which includes Risk Analysis & Disaster
Management Plan & MSDS.
Chapter-7 is Benefits due to the proposed project.
Chapter-8 Environmental Management Plan (EMP) incorporating measures to be
adopted for mitigation of anticipated adverse impacts, if any safety measures,
post-project monitoring program for environmental parameters, green belt
development etc.
Chapter-9 is the Summary & Conclusion of the proposed Project.
Chapter-10 is profile of consultant engaged for the monitoring and preparation of
EIA report.
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CHAPTER-2
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
2.1 PROCESS DESCRIPTION
S.K. Solvochem has proposed to produce bulk drugs at Village- Nimbua, Tehsil Dera
Bassi, Distt. Mohali-, Punjab.
2.1.1 Project Proponent
Applicant:
Mr. Sandeep Soi, Managing Director
C/o Solvochem Pvt. Ltd.
SCF-8, First Floor, Sector 19-D
Chandigarh
2.2 NEED FOR THE PROJECT
The proposed project is a bulk drug manufacturing project. These bulk drugs are used
in the manufacture of medicines, most of which are life saving drugs. The demand of
such products is tremendous in our country and there is a huge gap in the demand
and supply chain. The market of these products has a fast progressing growth and
there is ample opportunity in indigenous as well as export market.
Most of the raw materials are indigenous. Also there is easy availability of
infrastructure, man power and easy availability of raw materials. This results in the
availability of cheaper products than imported products. Due to above reasons it will
bring revenue to the state exchequer also.
2.3 LOCATION OF THE PROJECT
The plant site is at Village- Nimbua, Tehsil Dera Bassi, Distt. Mohali, Punjab. It is on
Chandigarh-Ambala Highway NH-22. It lies near Lat 30°36’02.49”N” East and Long:
76°54’27.92”E and it is at an altitude of about 381 meter above mean sea level. It is
well connected with Mohali, Chandigarh & Zirakpur through well maintained metaled
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roads. It is about 24 K.M. from Mohali. Chandigarh bus stand is at a distance of about
20 K.M. by road.
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Fig. 2.1 : Location map of the project site
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Fig. 2.2 : Layout plan of the project
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Fig. 2.3 : Location Plan of project site
2.4 PRODUCTS
The Company proposes to Manufacture API Products with proposed Capacity of 1500
MT/Annum. The list of products that are to be manufactured is given below. Either
one or only few products out of list given below will be manufactured at a time
Table 2.1 – List of products
The unit will manufactures following Products:
S.No. Name of the product Quantity
(MTPA)
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1. 6-Aminopencillin acid 150
2. 2-Ethyl SodiumHexonate Acid 500
3. Aceclofenac 150
4. Cloxacillin Sodium 100
5. Oflaxacin 150
6. Ceflaxin Monohydrate 100
7. Pentaparazole 50
8. Atenolol 150
9. Clarithromycin 150
Total 1500
2.5 RAW MATERIALS
The Raw Materials required for Manufacturing various proposed API Products are
listed below:
1) 2-Ethylhexonic Acid
2) Caustic flakes
3) Toluene
4) Cyclohexane
5) 2-[(2,6-Dichlorophenyl)amine]phenylacetic
6) Toluene
7) TEA-Tri ethyl amine
8) Tert.-Butyl-bromoacetate
9) Caustic flakes
10) Potassium iodide
11) Formic Acid
12) Pen-G-K.
13) Ammonium Hydroxide
14) PneG-Amidase enzyme
15) MDC-Methylene chloride
16) Hydrochloric Acid.
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17) Acetone
18) Methanol.
19) 6-Amino Pencillinic acid
20) Ammonium Hydroxide
21) CIMC-Cl( 3-(2- chlorophenyl)-5-methyl-4-isoxazole-carbonyl chloride )
22) Ethyl acetate
23) Sodium chloride
24) Sodium-2-ethyl hexonate
25) Acetone
26) Ofloxacin Q Acid
27) N-Methyl Piperazine
28) Caustic flakes
29) DMSO -Dimthyl sulfoxide
30) Methanol
31) 7- ADCA
32) MDC-Methylene chloride
33) HMDS( hexamethyldisilazane)
34) P G Dane Salt.
35) Pivaloyl Chloride
36) 2,6-Lutidene
37) Pivalic Acid
38) DMAc-Dimethylacetamide
39) Hydrochloric Acid.
40) Methanol
41) Ammonium Hydroxide
42) Acetone
43) Acetamide
44) Activated carbon
45) Hyflo
46) 2-Hydroxymethyl-3,4-dimethoxy pyridine hydrochloride
47) MDC-Methylene chloride
48) Thionyl chloride
49) Sodium Sulphate
50) 2-Mercapto-5-difluoromethoxy benzimidazole
51) Tetra-Butyl ammonium bromide
52) Caustic flakes
53) Sodium hypochlorite
54) Methanol
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55) Erythromycin-A-9-Oxime
56) 2-methoxy propene
57) MDC-Methylene chloride
58) Pyridine hydrochloride
59) HMDS( hexamethyldisilazane)
60) Sodium Carbone
61) Sodium Chloride
62) IPA(isopropyl alcohol)
63) DMSO -Dimethyl sulfoxide
64) Cyclohexane
65) Methyl iodide
66) Potassium Hydroxide.
67) Dimethylamine solution
68) Formic Acid
69) Caustic flakes
70) Sodium Metabisulphite
71) PHPA (p-Hydroxyphenyl acetamide)
72) Epichlorohydrin.
73) Methyltridecyl ammonium chloride
74) Acetic Acid
75) Mono iso propyl amine
76) Caustic flakes
77) Acetone
78) IPA(isopropyl alcohol)
2.6 MANUFACTURING PROCESS
The manufacturing process of bulk drugs is a synthetic process and the starting
material for the process is reagent / drug intermediates of the individual bulk drug.
The starting raw materials, drug intermediates are dispensed in a lose container and
subsequently added in the reactor along with all other ingredients, solvents or
filtered potable/dematerialized water to initiate the batch.
The reaction mass are completely mixed and solid materials get dissolved and mixed
with the solvent. Completion of the reaction is confirmed with the help of Thin Layer
Chromatography (TLC). The reaction mass is heated till the distillation starts and
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subsequently the reflux/distillation continues to complete the condensation/addition
reactions.
The reacted mass is transferred to another reactor and subsequently the solvents like
Iso Propyl Alcohol (IPA)/Ethyl Acetate/Acetone/Mdc etc. are added to extract the
desired intermediates and products. The mixture of the solvents and the
intermediates or products is washed with water to remove the impurities present in
the solutions. The process of extracting the material from the reaction mass is called
Solvent Extraction.
The purified mixture of the solvent and the intermediate products is treated with
Hydrochloric Acid/Sodium hydroxide to get the required pH and to get the Crude
Bulk Drug. The solvent from the purified mixture is distilled and another solvent, in
which product solubility is less, is added. The reaction mass is cooled with the help of
cooling tower and chilled water and subsequently filtered by centrifuging operations.
The solid materials recovered from the centrifuge are called Crude Bulk Drugs.
The Crude Bulk Drugs are filtered to remove all the foreign particles from the
products. The purified materials are the Finished Bulk Drug product. The Finished
Bulk Drugs are dried and subsequently Milling, Sifting, Blending and Packing are
done.
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Fig. 2.4 : Solvent Recovery System
Fig. 2.5: Process overview
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Detailed Manufacturing Pocess:
ETHYL SODIUM HEXONATE
Charge 1200 Lt. 2 EHA (2-Ethylhexanoic acid) and in reactor and cool up to 15°C. In
another reactor, charge 100 Lt. of water and add 10 kg of caustic flakes under
stirring, after 30 mts. cool to 20°C. Add caustic flakes in step I and maintain
temperature up to 25°C and check pH 7.5 - 8.0. Filter the reaction mass though
sparkler filters through activated carbon bed. After filtration, collect the filtrate add
toluene and recover solvent and water under vacuum distillation up to viscous slurry.
After crystallization, centrifuge the titled product and dry under nitrogen.
Raw material: 2-Ethyl hexaonic Acid, Caustic Flakes, Activated Carbon, Hyflo
Supercel, toluene.
OOH
NaOH+
sodium hydroxide2-ethylhexanoic acid
Molecular Weight: 144 Molecular Weight: 40
OONa
sodium 2-ethylhexanoate
Molecular Weight: 166
+
H2O
water
MolecularWeight: 18.0
TOTAL----------------284 TOTAL----------------284
ACELOFENAC
2-[(2,6-Dichlorophenyl)amine]phenylacetic Acid was suspended in toluene at room
temperature followed by addition of triethylamine and the mixture was stirred until a
clear solution obtained. A solution of tert.-Butyl-bromoacetate was added into the
reaction mass and the mixture was heated to 40-60°C. After reaction time of 3-4 hours,
the mixture was basified with 30% sodium hydroxide solution. The phases were
separated and the organic layer was washed with water. The organic solvent was
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removed and formic acid was added. The mixture was stirred at 50-60°C, cooled to room
temperature and diluted with water. The precipitated product-Aceclofenac was filtered
off and purified with toluene.
2-[(2,6-dichlorophenyl)amino]benzeneacetic acid
O
OHNH
Cl
Cl
+
Triethyl amine
N +
tert-butyl-2-[(2,6-dichlorophenyl)amine]phenylacetoxyacetate
OO
O
OHN
Cl
Cl
NaOH
Triethyl amine
N+ +
Sodium Bromide
Na+Br-
Molecular Weight: 296 Molecular Weight: 101
M. Weight: 101 M. Weight: 103
+
Water
HOH
Molecular Weight: 18
Total-----------------------632
tert-Butylbromoacetate,
O
OBr
Molecular Weight: 410
sodium hydroxide
Molecular Weight: 195 Molecular Weight: 40
Stage1:Prep. Of tert-butyl-2-[(2,6- dichlorophenyl)amine]phenylacetoxyacetate
Stage1: Preparation Of Acelofenac
tert-butyl-2-[(2,6-dichlorophenyl)amine] phenylacetoxyacetate
OO
O
OHN
Cl
Cl
Molecular Weight: 410
+ HCOOH
+H
OH
OHO
O
OHN
Cl
Cl
+ OH
Acelofenac 2-methylpropan-2-ol
Molecular Weight: 18 Molecular Weight: 354 Molecular Weight: 74
Total----------428 Total----------428
water
+
Total-----------------------632
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6-AMINO PENCILLANIC ACID (6-APA)
Charge DM water 100 lt at the room temp followed by addition of PenG-K, stir for 20
minutes to dissolve to get the clear solution, transfer the reaction mass to another reactor
having PneG-Amidase enzyme with auto control pH system with dilute aq. ammonia
solution, The reaction mass is stir at pH 7.5-8.0 with continuous addition of aq. ammonia
solution till stable pH. The reaction mass is filtered to remove Enzyme followed by addition
of MDC and hydrochloric acid. Separate the organic layer into collector and the remaining
solution is crystallized with hydrochloric acid pH 4.2; the precipitated product is
centrifuge, wash with water and aq. acetone. Unload the wet cake and dry in tray dryer at
40-50°C.
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6- amino penicillanic acid
N
HS
O
OOH
H2N
N
HS
O
OOK
HN
O
+
OH
O
Pen G-K
2-phenylacetic acid
Pen-Amidase Enzyme
+ KCl + NH4Cl
potassium chloride Ammnium chloride
+ NH4OH + HCl
ammonium hydroxde hydrogen chloride
Molecular Weight: 372 Molecular Weight: 35 Molecular Weight: 73
Molecular Weight: 216 Molecular Weight: 136 Molecular Wt: 74.5 Molecular Wt: 53.5
TOTAL----------------498
TOTAL----------------498
+ H2O
18
+ H2O
18
2
PREPARATION OF 6-APA
water
water
CLOXACILLIN SODIUM
6-Aminopenicillanic acid (30 Kg) was dissolved in ammonium hydroxide (26-27 Lt.) and
pH was adjusted to 7.0-9.0.This solution was added to the another reactor a solution of 3-
(2- chlorophenyl)-5-methyl-4-isoxazole-carbonyl chloride (37.7 Kg) in ethyl acetate and
the pH was maintained to be around 2.0-2.3. Common salt (1 0.0 Kg) was added with
constant stirring and the layers were allowed to settle. Organic layers were separated and
the combined extracts were then washed with brine followed by addition of sodium-2-
ethyl hexanoate (59.0-63.0 Kg) while maintaining the pH at7.8-8.1 . The solution was then
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subject to filtration and washed with organic solvent under reduced pressure and nitrogen
gas atmosphere. The wet precipitate was then subject to vacuum drying to yield sodium
salt of 6-[[3-(2-chlorophenyl)-5-methyl-1 ,2- oxazole-4-carbonyl]amino]-3,3-dimethyl-7-
oxo-4-thia-1 -azabicyclo[3.2 ]heptane-2-carboxylic acid (cloxacillin sodium).
6-Aminopenicillanic acid
N
HS
O
OOH
H2N
+
3-(2- chlorophenyl)-5-methyl-4-isoxazole-carbonyl chloride
O
ONCl
Cl
+ NH4OH
Amm.hydroxide
Sodium 2- EH
ONaO
+ + HCl
hydrogen chloride
N
HS
O
OONa
NH
O
ON
Cl+
OHO
+ NH4Cl H2O+
cloxacillin sodium 2- Ethyl hexanoic Acid Amm.Chloride
Water
Molecular Weight: 216 Molecular Weight: 256 M. Weight: 70 M. Weight: 166 Molecular Weight: 36
Molecular Weight: 457.5 Molecular Weight: 144 Molecular Weight: 107 M. Wt: 36
2x
2x
2x
Total----------------------------------744.5
Total----------------------------------744.5
OFLOXACIN
9,10-Difluoro-3-methyl-7-oxo-2,3-dihydro-7H-pyrido-[1,2,3-de]-1,4-benzoxazine-
6-carboxylic acid i.e. Ofloxacin Q Acid undergo condensation with N-
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Methylpiperazine in a mixture of organic solvent at 100-140°C to give Ofloxacin
after recovery of all the solvents. The Ofloxacin slurry is centrifuged washed with
Organic solvent.The wet crystals are dried in a drier at 110-115° C to the desired
l imit of LOD to not more than 0.2 % value to yield Ofloxacin. The product so
obtained is pulverized, sieved, blended and packed in a double layered
polyethylene bag, which is further, placed in a HDPE drum. Each HDPE drum is
identified by fixing label on the container.
Ofloxa-Q-Acid
ON
O
HO
O
F
F+ KOH +
NH
N
ON
O
HO
O
N
F
+ KF
potassium hydroxide 1-methylpiperazine
potassium fluorideOfloxacin
Molecular Weight: 281 Molecular Weight: 56 Molecular Weight: 100
Molecular Weight: 361 Molecular Weight: 58
+ H2O
Water
Molecular Weight: 18
N
DMSO
TOTAL--------------------------------437
TOTAL--------------------------------437
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CEPHALEXIN MONOHYDRATE Part A. Silylation
A silylation mixture of 50 parts by weight of 7-ADCA, 200 parts of methylene chloride
and 40 parts of hexamethyldisilazane was refluxed for one hour. One hundred parts of
distillate was collected. The solution was cooled to room temperature.
7-ADCA
ON
SH
O OH
H2N
Hexamethyldisilazane
SiHN
Si
+
ON
SH
O O
HNSi
Si
+ NH3
silylated7-ADCA Ammonia
Molecular Weight: 214 Molecular Weight: 161 Molecular Weight: 358 Molecular Wt: 17
Total------------------------------345 Total-----------------------------345
Part B. Preparation of the Mixed Anhydride
A mixture of 77.8 parts by weight of D-(alpha)-phenylglycine Dane salt potassium ethyl
ester, 90 parts of methylene chloride, 1.7 parts of 2,6-lutidine and 10 parts of
dimethylacetamide was cooled to -30° C. At this time 30.9 parts of pivaloyl chloride were
added and the temperature was allowed to rise to about -15° to -10° C. and held there for
1.5 hours. The resultant anhydride mixture was then cooled to -60° C.
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HN
O
O
Dane salt
KOO
Molecular Weight: 301
+ COCl
pivaloyl chloride
Molecular Weight: 121
HN
O
O
OO
O
+KCl
Mixed Anhydride Potassium Chloride
Molecular Weight: 347 Molecular Weight: 75
Total------422 Total------422
PART C. Condensation and Hydrolysis The silylation product and mixed anhydride as obtained above were combined slowly over
30 minutes, allowing the temperature to increase to about -40° C. to -45° C. and maintained
there for about 2 hours.25 Parts of concentrated hydrochloric acid was added and then 200
parts of water. The temperature was held at 0° to -5° C. for 0.5 hour and the mixture
separated.
Part D. Crystallization The aqueous layer was diluted with methanol and the pH brought to at 5.5 to 6.0. with
25% by aq. ammonia solution. The mixture was seeded and crystallization began at 20° to
25° C. maintain the pH at 5.5 to 6.0 for another2 hour. The slurry was cooled to 0° to 5° C.
and filtered. The cake was washed with very dilute aq. methanol, unload the wet cake and
dried in VTD. Cephalexin monohydrate was obtained in 82.9% yield (70.7 parts by weight).
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ON
SH
O O
HNSi
Si
silylated7-ADCA
Molecular Weight: 358
HN
O
O
OO
O
Mixed Anhydride
Molecular Weight: 347
+
ON
SH
O OH
HN
O+ COOH
H2N +
ETHYL ACETOACETATE
OO
O
CEPALEXIN Pivlic acid
Molecular Wt: 347 M. Wt: 102 M. Wt: 130
2x H2O
+
Hexamethyldisiloxane
SiO
Si
Molecular Weight: 162
+
Water
Molecular Weight: 36
Total-----------------------------------741
Total-----------------------------------741
PENTAPRAZOL
2-Hydroxymethyl-3,4-dimethoxy pyridine hydrochloride (45.8 Kg) was taken in
dichloromethane (300 Lt.). Thionyl chloride (30.3 Kg.) was added at about 0 to 50C and
reaction mass was further stirred at 10 - 15°C for 1 hour. After reaction completion,
purified water (100 Lt) was added maintaining the reaction temperature between 15 - 20°
C.
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2-Hydroxymethyl-3,4-dimethoxy pyridinehydrochloride
NOH
O
O
.HCl
+
Thionyl c hloride
SO
ClCl
NCl
O
O
.HCl
+ SO2 + HCl
2-(chloromethyl)-3,4-dimethoxypyridine
sulfur dioxide hydrogenchloride
M.Wt: 36.5M.Wt: 64M.Wt: 224M. Weight: 119M. Weight: 205.5
Total------324.5 Total--------324.5
To this reaction mass, 2-mercapto-5-difluoromethoxy benzimidazole (50 Kg) and tetra
butyl ammonium bromide (2 Kg) were added. The contents were cooled to 10° C and pH of
the reaction mass was adjusted to 10 - 11 using aqueous sodium hydroxide solution (30%
solution) and the contents were stirred at 25 - 30° C for 12 hours. After completion of the
reaction, dichloromethane layer was separated and the aqueous layer was extracted with
dichloromethane (60 Lt) twice. The combined organic layer was washed with purified
water (150 ltl) twice.
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NCl
O
O
.HCl
2-(chloromethyl)-3,4-dimethoxypyridine
M.Wt: 224
+
2-mercapto 5-difluoromethoxy benzimidazole
N
HN
OCHF2
HS
M. Wt: 216
N
OO
N
HN
OCHF2
S+ 2XNaOH
Caustic
M.Wt: 80
+ 2NaCl +2H2O
Int.
M. Wt: 367 M.Wt: 36M.Wt:117
Total----------520 Total----------520
Salt Water
The combined organic layer was washed with purified water (150 ltl) and cooled to 0° C,
3.5% aqueous sodium hypochlorite solution (464 Kg ) having sodium hydroxide content of
2.1% was added to the reaction mass, and maintained at 5 - 8° C for about 6 hours. After
the completion of the reaction, the reaction mass was cooled to 0 to 5° C and the resulting
solid was filtered and washed and dried under vacuum at 35-400C to give Pentaprazole
Sodium (72 Kg).
N
O
O
N
HN
OCHF2
S
sodiumhypochlorite
Na+Cl O-
Int.
M. Wt: 367
+ + NaOH
Caustic
M. Wt: 74.5 M. Wt: 40
N
O
O
N
NaN
OCHF2
SO
+ NaCl + H2O
PENTAPRAZOLE-Na Salt water
M.Wt:58.5 Mw: 18M.Wt:405
Total----------481.5 Total----------481.5
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CLARITHROMYCIN
2',4"-O-Bis(trimethylsilyl)-erythromycin-A-9[O-(l-methoxy-l-methylethyl)oxime
To a solution of 80 Kg (106.8 mole) of Erythromycin-A-9-Oxime in 400 Ltr of
dichloromethane is added 38.50 Kg of 2-methoxy propene at 100C temperature 19.25 Kg
(166.6 mole) of pyridine hydrochloride is added under stirring and the reaction mixture is
stirred at 8 to 12° C for 6 hours then to it is added 19.30 Kg (119.5 mole) of HMDS and
stirring is continued for 12 to 15 hours at 15° to 18°C temperature. After completion of
reaction, 400 Ltr of saturated aqueous sodium carbonate solution is added and the mixture
is stirred thoroughly at room temperature. Aqueous layer is further extracted with fresh
DCM (100 Ltr). Both DCM extracts are mixed together and washed with water (200 Ltr)
followed by brine solution (200 Ltr). The solvent is evaporated under reduced pressure. To
the obtained crude solid mass is charged isopropyl alcohol (240 Ltr) and distilled out 80
Ltr of isopropyl alcohol. To the reaction mixture 160 Ltr of water is charged and stirring
continued at room temperature for 1 hour. Solid crystalline product obtained is centrifuged
and dried at 60° to 650C for 8 hours under vacuum to give 85 Kg of title compound.
2',4"-O-Bis(trimethylsilyl)-erythromycin- A-9[O-(l-methoxy-l-methylethyl)oxime
6-O-Methyl erythromycin-9-Oxime
To a solution of 80 Kg of 2',4"-O-bis(trimethylsilyl)-erythromycin-A- 9-[O-(l-methoxy
methyl ethyl)Oxime] in 1200 Ltr of a mixture of dimethyl sulfoxide and cyclohexane are
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added methyl iodide (20.62 Kg, 145.2 mole) and 6.48 Kg (98.35 mole) of 85 % potassium
hydroxide powder and the reaction mixture is stirred for 90 minutes at room temperature.
To the reaction mass is added 53 Kg of 40 % dimethylamine solution and stirring is
continued for 1 hour organic layer is separated and DMSO layer is further extracted with
fresh cyclohexane (200 Ltr). Combined organic layer is washed with water and
concentrated in vacuum. To the obtained semi solid mass 330 Ltr of isopropyl alcohol is
charged and then distilled out 165 Ltr of isopropyl alcohol. To the obtained slurry 165 Ltr
of water and 21.71 Kg formic acid (99%) are added and the mixture is stirred at room
temperature for 30 minutes. 622 Ltr of water is added to the reaction mixture and pH is
adjusted between 10.5 and 11.5 with 25 % aqueous sodium hydroxide solution. Solid
compound obtained is centrifuged and wet cake is kept as such for further reaction on the
basis of moisture content. Wet weight = 95 Kg, Moisture Content = 33 %, Dried weight = 62
Kg
2',4"-O-Bis(trimethylsilyl)-erythromycin- 6-O-Methyl erythromycin-9-Oxime A-9[O-(l-methoxy-l-methylethyl)oxime
Clarithromycin
62 Kg of 6-O-Methyl erythromycin-9-Oxime is charged into a mixture of 434 Ltr. of
isopropyl alcohol and water (1: 1) and to it is added 38.80 Kg of sodium metabisulphite
(203 mole) and then the mixture is heated to reflux for 6 to 8 hours. To the reaction
mixture is charged water (620 Ltr) at ambient temperature and then the mixture is
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adjusted to pH about 10.5 to 11.5 by adding 25% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution and
stirred for further 1 hour. White solid crude product is centrifuged, washed with water
(300 Ltr), dried at 65° to 750C for 8 hours to give 40 Kg of crude product which on re-
crystallization with chloroform isopropyl alcohol mixture provided 20 Kg of pure
Clarithromycin.
6-O-Methyl erythromycin-9-Oxime Clarithromycin
ATENOLOL PREPARATION OF EPOXIDE INTERMEDIATES A reaction mixture containing 100 kg of p-hydroxyphenyl acetamide, 500 lt of
epichlorohydrin and 5 kg of methyltridecyl ammonium chloride was heated to a
temperature of 90° C. and maintained there for three hours. After completion of reaction,
the reaction mixture was then cooled and 500 lt of water was added to crystallize the
product. After filtration and drying, the final product contained 109 kg of epoxide
intermediates.
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p-Hydroxy Phenylacetamide
O NH
OH
+
EPICHLOROHYDRIN
Cl O
O NH
O O
+ HCl
Epoxide Int. Hydrogen Cl
Molecular Weight: 151 Molecular Weight: 92.5 Molecular Weight: 207 M.Weight: 36.5
Total----------------243.5 Total----------------243.5
PREPARATION OF ATENOLOL A reaction mixture containing the epoxide intermediates (109 kg), 1000 lt water and
isopropylamine was heated to a temperature of 40° C., and maintained there for two hours.
After the completion of the reaction, the reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature
and was dried up to a concentrated product. The reaction mass was diluted dilute
hydrochloric acid and filtered. The pH of the filtrate was adjusted to 11.5 using a 30% aq.
caustic solution. The precipitated product was filtered and dried to give 109 kg of atenolol.
O NH
O O
Epoxide Int.
Molecular Weight: 207
+
Isopropyl amine
H2NO NH
O
OH
Atenolol
Molecular Weight: 59 Molecular Weight: 266
NH
Total----------------266 Total----------------266
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2.7 FACILITIES AT THE PLANT
The factory building along with other ancillary structures are proposed to be
constructed. The proposed plant will consist of main production blocks, finished
Goods and raw material stores, Quality control lab, Work - Shop, Administrative
Buildings, QA office, R & D Lab. ETP and other Auxiliary Buildings. The civil
construction will be undertaken as per the guidelines applicable for manufacture
and quality control for APLs. The building will be designed in manner that better
productivity, aseptic areas and environment friendly ambience. All modern
amenities will be will be provide in the manufacturing and other functional areas
to avoid cross contamination, better quality control and assurance and ensure
highest safety for work men to produce high quality products.
It will be providing adequate space for the following areas of working:-
Storage for raw material and finished goods.
Plant and Machinery
Store
Offices
Toilets
Water storage tanks
Open space will be landscaped and trees will be planted in due course of time.
2.8 MACHINERY
Following machinery will be finally in position within the unit:
Reactors of different capacities and specifications
Stainless steel centrifuges.
Try Dryers & Vacuum Tray Dryers of different capacities.
Filters-Sparkler, Nautch, Multi-mills, Sifters, and Hoists etc.
Boiler.
Air compressor.
Chilled Brine plant
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Cooling Tower.
Diesel Generators
DM Water Plant.
Lab Equipments( HPLC, GC, UV Spect., pH meter, Furnace, Balance, FTIR etc)
2.9 LAND –USE BREAKUP
Total land requirement for the proposed project is 63900 feet2, out of which 33% will
be used for greenbelt development.
Table 2.2 Land-Use Breakup
S. No. Particulars Area
1. Plant Area (G.F + F.F +S.F.) 15338.43 feet2
2. Admin Office/other offices/QC/R&D labs/F.G. 8730.00 feet2
3. Raw material storages 1200.00 feet2
4. Utilities 2750.00 feet2
5. Road Parking 14684.43 feet2
6. C (F.F) Engg. Store & Work Shop 1750.00 feet2
7. Green Belt (30% of the total plot area) 22113.91 feet2
2.10 POWER
The requirement of Power for the unit is 500 KW.
2.11 WATER SUPPLY
The water requirement of the unit will be met from ground water through existing
tube-well. The daily requirement of water for unit 77 KLD. About 25 KLD water will
be required in process & make up water required for cooling purpose will be 4 KLD.
Water required for boiler will be 33 KLD and for domestic purpose 4.0 KLD. Details of
water consumption are given in Table-2.3.
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Table-2.3
Water Consumption Details
S. No. Purpose Water Requirement in
KLD
1. Process 25.00
2. Reactor and Floor Washing 3.00
3. Boiler feed 33.00
4. Cooling Tower Make up 4.00
5. Scrubbing System 2.00
6. DM Plant 2.00
7. Domestic 4.00
8. QC, R & D.pilot 4.00
Total 77.00
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Fig. 2.6 : Water Balance Chart
2.12 MANPOWER
Unit will work on three shift basis and manpower needed will be about -85 persons
The requirement of personnel for the proposed plant has been made keeping in view
of the following:
Technical concept of plant, including process control and instrumentation.
Smooth and efficient operation of the plant.
Effective co-ordination between the various departments within the plant.
Optimum organization will well defined and judicious job distribution
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Optimum utilization of different grades of workmen and supervisory staff and
Maximum capacity of the facilities.
2.13 Transportation of raw material and products: Transportation of material shall be carried out during day time only
The speed of dumpers plying on the haul road should limited to avoid generation
of dust
Haul road shall be covered with gravels
Covering of material when transport through trucks/dumpers
Table 2.4 Details of raw materials transportation
S.No Substance Physical Status
Source of supply
Means of transport
Distance of supplier from project site(KM)
Hazardous/ Non hazardous
1 2-Ethylhexonic Acid
Liquid Import/ Indigenous
Truck/ Tempo
250-1500 NH
2 Caustic flakes
Solid Import/ Indigenous
Truck/ Tempo
250-1500 NH
3
Toluene
Liquid Import/ Indigenous
Truck/ Tempo/ Tanker
250-1500 NH
4 Cyclohexane
Liquid Import/ Indigenous
Truck/ Tempo
250-1500 NH
5 2-[(2,6-Dichlorophenyl)aminephenylacetic
Solid Import/ Indigenous
Truck/ Tempo
250-1500 NH
6
Toluene
Liquid Import/ Indigenous
Truck/ Tempo/ Tanker
250-1500 NH
7 TEA-Tri ethyl amine
Liquid Import/ Indigenous
Truck/ Tempo
250-1500 NH
8 tert.-Butyl-bromoacetate
Liquid Import/ Indigenous
Truck/ Tempo
250-1500 NH
9 Caustic flakes
Solid Import/ Indigenous
Truck/ Tempo
250-1500 NH
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10 Potassium iodide
Solid Import/ Indigenous
Truck/ Tempo
250-1500 NH
11 Formic Acid
Solid Import/ Indigenous
Truck/ Tempo
250-1500 NH
12 Pen-G-K.
Solid Import/ Indigenous
Truck/ Tempo
250-1500 NH
13 Ammonium Hydroxide
Liquid Import/ Indigenous
Truck/ Tempo
250-500 NH
14
PneG-Amidase enzyme
Solid Import/ Indigenous
Truck/ Tempo
250-1500 NH
15 MDC-Methylene chloride
Liquid Import/ Indigenous
Truck/ Tempo/ tanker
250-1500 NH
16 Hydrochloric Acid.
Liquid Import/ Indigenous
Truck/ Tempo/ tanker
25-150 H
17
Acetone
Liquid Import/ Indigenous
Truck/ Tempo/ tanker
250-1500 NH
18
Methanol.
Liquid Import/ Indigenous
Truck/ Tempo/ tanker
250-1500 NH
19 6-Amino Pencillinic acid
Solid Import/ Indigenous
Truck/ Tempo
250-1500 NH
20 Ammonium Hydroxide
Solid Import/ Indigenous
Truck/ Tempo
250-1500 NH
21 CIMC-Cl ( 3-(2- chlorophenyl)-5-methyl-4-isoxazole-carbonyl chloride )
Solid Import/ Indigenous
Truck/ Tempo
250-1500 NH
22
Ethyl acetate
Liquid Import/ Indigenous
Truck/ Tempo Tanker
250-1500 NH
23 Sodium chloride
Solid Import/ Indigenous
Truck/ Tempo
250-1500 NH
24 Sodium-2-ethyl hexonate
Liquid Import/ Indigenous
Truck/ Tempo
250-1500 NH
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25
Acetone
Liquid Import/ Indigenous
Truck/ Tempo Tanker
250-1500 NH
26 Ofloxacin Q Acid
Solid Import/ Indigenous
Truck/ Tempo
250-1500 NH
27 N-Methyl Piperazine
Liquid Import/ Indigenous
Truck/ Tempo
250-1500 NH
28 Caustic flakes
Solid Import/ Indigenous
Truck/ Tempo
250-1500 NH
29 DMSO -Dimthyl sulfoxide
Liquid Import/ Indigenous
Truck/ Tempo
250-1500 NH
30
Methanol
Liquid Import/ Indigenous
Truck/ Tempo/Tanker
250-1500 NH
31 7- ADCA
Solid Import/ Indigenous
Truck/ Tempo
250-1500 NH
32 MDC-Methylene chloride
Liquid Import/ Indigenous
Truck/ Tempo/Tanker
250-1500 NH
33 HMDS( hexamethyldisilazane)
Liquid Import/ Indigenous
Truck/ Tempo
250-1500 NH
34 P G Dane Salt.
Solid Import/ Indigenous
Truck/ Tempo
250-1500 NH
35 Pivaloyl Chloride
Liquid Import/ Indigenous
Truck/ Tempo
250-1500 NH
36 2,6-Lutidene
Liquid Import/ Indigenous
Truck/ Tempo
250-1500 NH
37 Pivalic Acid
Liquid Import/ Indigenous
Truck/ Tempo
250-1500 NH
38 DMAc-Dimethylacetamide
Liquid Import/ Indigenous
Truck/ Tempo
250-1500 NH
39 Hydrochloric Acid.
Liquid Import/ Indigenous
Tanker 25-150 H
40
Methanol
Liquid Import/ Indigenous
Truck/ Tempo/ Tanker
250-1500 NH
41
Ammonium Hydroxide
Solid Import/ Indigenous
Truck/ Tempo
250-1500 NH
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42
Acetone
Liquid Import/ Indigenous
Truck/ Tempo/ Tanker
250-1500 NH
43 Acetamide
Solid Import/ Indigenous
Truck/ Tempo
250-1500 NH
44 Activated carbon
Solid Import/ Indigenous
Truck/ Tempo
250-1500 NH
45 Hyflo
Solid Import/ Indigenous
Truck/ Tempo
250-1500 NH
46 2-Hydroxymethyl-3,4-dimethoxy pyridine hydrochloride
Liquid Import/ Indigenous
Truck/ Tempo
250-1500 NH
47 MDC-Methylene chloride
Liquid Import/ Indigenous
Truck/ Tempo/ Tanker
250-1500 NH
48 Thionyl chloride
Liquid Import/ Indigenous
Truck/ Tempo
250-1500 NH
49 Sodium Sulphate
Solid Import/ Indigenous
Truck/ Tempo
250-1500 NH
50 2-Mercapto-5-difluoromethoxy benzimidazole
Solid Import/ Indigenous
Truck/ Tempo
250-1500 NH
51 tetra-Butyl ammonium bromide
Solid Import/ Indigenous
Truck/ Tempo
250-1500 NH
52 Caustic flakes
Solid Import/ Indigenous
Truck/ Tempo
250-1500 NH
53 Sodium hypochlorite
Liquid Import/ Indigenous
Truck/ Tempo
250-1500 NH
54
Methanol
Liquid Import/ Indigenous
Truck/ Tempo/ Tanker
250-1500 NH
55 Erythromycin-A-9-Oxime
Solid Import/ Indigenous
Truck/ Tempo
250-1500 NH
56 2-methoxy propene
Liquid Import/ Indigenous
Truck/ Tempo
250-1500 NH
57 MDC-Methylene chloride
Liquid Import/ Indigenous
Truck/ Tempo/ Tanker
250-1500 NH
58 pyridine Liquid Import/ Truck/ 250-1500 NH
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hydrochloride Indigenous Tempo
59 HMDS(hexamethyldisilazane)
Liquid Import/ Indigenous
Truck/ Tempo
250-1500 NH
60 Sodium Carbone
Solid Import/ Indigenous
Truck/ Tempo
250-1500 NH
61 Sodium Chloride
Solid Import/ Indigenous
Truck/ Tempo
250-1500 NH
62 IPA(isopropyl alcohol)
Liquid Import/ Indigenous
Truck/ Tempo/ Tanker
250-1500 NH
63 DMSO -Dimthyl sulfoxide
Liquid Import/ Indigenous
Truck/ Tempo
250-1500 NH
64
Cyclohexane
Liquid Import/ Indigenous
Truck/ Tempo/ Tanker
250-1500 NH
65 Methyl iodide
Liquid Import/ Indigenous
Truck/ Tempo
250-1500 NH
66 Potassium Hydroxide.
Solid Import/ Indigenous
Truck/ Tempo
250-1500 NH
67 Dimethylamine solution
Liquid Import/ Indigenous
Truck/ Tempo
250-1500 NH
68 Formic Acid
Liquid Import/ Indigenous
Truck/ Tempo
250-1500 NH
69
Caustic flakes
Solid Import/ Indigenous
Truck/ Tempo
250-1500 NH
70 Sodium Metabisulphite
Solid Import/ Indigenous
Truck/ Tempo
250-1500 NH
71 PHPA (p-Hydroxyphenyl acetamide)
Solid Import/ Indigenous
Truck/ Tempo
250-1500 NH
72 Epichlorohydrin.
Liquid Import/ Indigenous
Truck/ Tempo
250-1500 NH
73 methyltridecyl ammonium chloride
Solid Import/ Indigenous
Truck/ Tempo
250-1500 NH
74 Acetic Acid
Liquid Import/ Indigenous
Truck/ Tempo
250-1500 NH
75 Mono iso propyl amine
Liquid Import/ Indigenous
Truck/ Tempo
250-1500 NH
76 Caustic flakes Solid Import/ Truck/ 250-1500 NH
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Indigenous Tempo
77
Acetone
Liquid Import/ Indigenous
Truck/ Tempo/ Tanker
250-1500 NH
78 IPA(isopropyl alcohol)
Liquid Import/ Indigenous
Truck/ Tempo/ Tanker
250-1500 NH
Table 2.5 Details of Finished products transportation
S.no Product Physical Status
Dispatch Means of transport
1 6-Aminopencillin acid
Solid Local/Export Small Tempo / Small Container
2 3-Ethyl Hexanoic Acid
Liquid Local/Export Small Tempo / Small Container
3 Aceclofenac Solid Local/Export Small Tempo / Small Container
4 Cloxacillin Sodium Solid Local/Export Small Tempo / Small Container
5 Oflaxacin Solid Local/Export Small Tempo / Small Container
6 Ceflaxin Monohydrate
Solid Local/Export Small Tempo / Small Container
7 Pentaparazole Solid Local/Export Small Tempo / Small Container
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8 Atenolol Solid Local/Export Small Tempo / Small Container
9 Clarithromycin Solid Local/Export Small Tempo / Small Container
2.14 WASTE HANDLING 2.14.1 Liquid Waste
Effluent generated from manufacturing process will be treated in Effluent treatment
cum Sewage treatment plant. Details of waste water are given in Table-2.2.
Table-2.6
Waste Water Details
S. No. Purpose Waste Water Generation in KLD
Disposal Details
1. Process 15.00
ETP with Evaporator
and Reverse Osmosis
System and the
permeate is reused in
cooling tower
2. Reactor & Floor Washing 2.00
3. Boiler Blow Down 2.00
4. Cooling Tower Blow Down 1.50
5. Scrubbing system 1.00
6. DM Plant 1.00
7. Domestic 3.00
8. QC & R&D 2.50
Total 28.00
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Table 2.7 : Characteristics of Wastewater
Sr.No. Parameters Conc. of pollutants (in mg/l except pH)
Untreated Treated 1. pH 6.0-8.50 6.5
2. BOD 6000-8000 <30
3. COD 12000-15000 <250
4. TSS 200-400 <100
5. TDS 10000-15000 <2100
6. OSG 40-50 <10
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Fig. 2.7 : Scheme of Effluent treatment
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Fig. 2.8 : Multi Effect Evaporator
Fig. 2.9 : Reverse Osmosis
INDUSTRIAL WASTE MANAGEMENT:
The Company proposes to Install a Zero Discharge ETP Plant comprising of Primary
Treatment , Multi Effect Evaporator, Biological Treatment, Tertiary Treatment ,
Reverse Osmosis so that there will be no discharge out of premises. The details of
treatment sequence is given below:
PRELIMINARY TREATMENT (BAR SCREEN, OIL & GREASE TRAP and
EQUALISATION TANK)
The preliminary treatment begins at effluent source by installing bar screen in
drains to arrest polythene bags etc. at the source and prevents their ingress to the
system. In the first tank, oil and grease settle down and in the equalization tank,
the effluent is neutralized using alkali/acid.
TREATMENT-1(FLASH MIXER and PRIMARY CLARIFIER):
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From equalization tank, effluent is transferred to Flash mixer where poly-
electrolyte is added and is sent to Primary Clarifier where excess solids settle out
and are removed under gravity by sludge drying bed. Clarified effluent is passed on
to for secondary treatment in the MEE then aeration tank.
TREATMENT-2(EVAPORATOR):
After the primary treatment, effluent is passed through Evaporator process to
reduce BOD and COD. High TDS Effluent from primary clarifier enters in the
Evaporator process here condensation of effluent take place. Condensate effluent
with low TDS sent to the aeration tank and left residues disposed off at TSDF site.
TREATMENT-3(AERATION TANK):
After primary treatment of effluent, effluent is sent to Aeration Tanks for BOD
removal in presence of Oxygen and Nutrients. Aeration is provided in Aeration
Tanks to get the required COD and BOD of the effluent.
TREATMENT-4 (SECONDARY CLARIFIER):
Effluent with required COD and BOD is sent to the secondary clarifier where excess
microorganism colonies settle out and return to the aerobic reactor and the effluent is
drained to sludge drying beds.
TREATMENT-5 (SLUDGE DRYING BED and FILTERATE SUMP):
Sludge Drying Beds has been provided to collect sludge from PRIMARY CLARIFIER /
SECONDARY CLARIFIER and the filtrated effluent from sludge drying bed is collected in
Filtrate Sump which is again sent to Equalization tank for re-treatment.
The dried sludge from sludge drying bed of PRIMARY CLARIFIER is given to
NIMBUA which is authorize recycler from PPCB and sludge recovered from
secondary clarifier is used as manure in ferti-irrigation since it is a biomass and
Non Hazardous in nature.
TREATMENT-6(DMF SUMP , SAND FILTER and CARBON FILTER ):
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DMF sump will receive treated effluent from secondary section and hold it for
pumping to filters. The high pressure pumps are used to feed Sand Filter and
Carbon Filter. Filtered effluent is sent to treated water tank from there the treated
water is used in ferti-irrigation in plant. A schematic diagram of effluent cum
sewage treatment plant is given in fig. 2.2.
TREATMENT-7 (DMF SUMP , REVERSE OSMOSIS):
Treated effluent will be passed through Reverse Osmosis Plant for recycling of
Treated effluent. The permeate from RO will be reused in the Plant for less
stringent applications and Reject from RO will be sent back to Evaporator .The
Conc. From Evaporator will be sent to Common Hazard Waste Disposal site at
Nimbua and condensate from Evaporator will be treated ,thus no effluent
discharge.
Table 2.8 Treatment flow for Effluent as per Segregation
Effluent Type Treatment Flow
HTDS/HCOD Collection Equalization & neutralization Stripper MEE TSDF
HTDS Collection Equalization & neutralization MEE TSDF
LTDS/LCOD Collection ETP(Biological Treatment) Sand Filter Carbon Filter Gardening
2.14.2 Solid Waste
Solid wastes in the unit are from the following sources.
i) Solids from APCD.
ii) Ash from the Boiler furnace
Solids from APCD will be disposed off at designated land filling site. Ash from boiler will be
used for land fill site.
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2.14.3 Hazardous Waste
The Hazardous wastes generated from the unit are Sulphur Sludge, Catalyst dust and
used DG Set oils. The Sulphur sludge & Catalyst Dust will be sent to TSDF site Nimbua
Dera Bassi for final disposal & used oil from D.G. Set shall be sold to recyclers. There
are no other hazardous wastes.
2.15 POLLUTION CONTROL MEASURES
The main sources of pollution from the unit are discussed as under:
2.15.1 Air Pollution I. Exhaust from Boiler
The source of emissions at the Plant is Boiler of capacity 2 TPH. There will be 2 No.
stacks in the industry. In which one no. stack will be attached with boiler and other
stack with DG set. The fuel used for boiler will be with multipurpose fuel- Pet
Cock/Briquette and Diesel for DG set. The main pollutants are particulate matter and
gaseous emissions.
2.15.2 Noise Pollution
There is some noise producing machineries such, as ID Fan, Blowers etc. All these
machines are spread at different places within the covered sheds. Thus no noise of
significant level shall go outside the working area which may disturb the general noise
environment. DG set installed shall be noise free & with canopy.
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CHAPTER - 3
DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT
3.1 GENERAL
The main objectives of describing the environment, which may be potentially affected,
are (i) to assess present environmental quality and the environmental impacts and (ii)
to identify environmentally significant factors. The chapter contains information on
existing environmental scenario on the following parameters.
1. Water Environment;
2. Micro – Meteorology;
3. Air Environment;
4. Noise Environment;
5. Soil/ Land Environment;
6. Biological Environment;
7. Socio-economic Environment;
To achieve these objectives, our team monitored the environmental parameters within
the core zone and buffer zone (10 km radial distance from the project area) in
accordance with the Guidelines for EIA issued by the Ministry of Environment & Forests,
Government of India.
The content in this chapter deals with the results of field studies /monitoring carried out
from February to April 2014, the interpretation and also the detailed information
collected from the secondary sources.
3.2 SOURCES OF ENVIRONMENTAL DATA
The baseline information on micro-meteorology, ambient air quality, water quality, noise
levels, soil quality and floristic descriptions are largely drawn from the data generated
by M/s Vardan Envirolab, Gurgaon (NABL Accredited Lab). Long term meteorological
data recorded at the nearest IMD station, Chandigarh was also collected.
Micrometeorological data at site was recorded using automatic weather station. Apart
from these, secondary data have been collected from Census Handbook, Revenue
Records, Statistical Department, Soil Survey and Land use Organization, District
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Industries Centre, Forest Department, Central Ground Water Authority, etc. The
generation of primary data as well as collection of secondary data and information from
the site and surroundings was carried out during pre monsoon season i.e. Feb. to April
2014.
3.2.1 Aspect Studied
As per the gazette notification dated 14th September 2006 and guidelines of CPCB, the
study area was demarked. The study was conducted within a radius of 10 km around the
project site. The study period defined is Feb. to April 2014.
The disciplines covered by the baseline data collection programme include the
following:-Topography, Physiography, Hydrological aspects, Atmospheric condition,
Biological environment, Land use, Cropping pattern & Socio economic aspects.
3.2.2 Presentation
Each of the aspects listed above considered ahead in a sequential manner. Data Collected
during the baseline study period are given ahead and provides a sound knowledge of the
existing environment.
3.2.3 Study Area at a Glance
The proposed project is situated at Village- Nimbua, Tehsil - Dera Bassi, Distt. Mohali,
Punjab.
1. General Particulars
Table 3.1: Details of Study Area
Particulars Details State Punjab Dist Mohali Tehsil Dera Bassi Village(s) Nimbua Latitude 30°36’02.49”N
Longitude 76°54’27.92”E
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2. Climatology during study period (Pre-Monsoon Season)
i) Average Minimum Temperature : 60C
ii) Average Maximum Temperature : 400C
iii) Average Relative Humidity (%) : Min. - 23%, Max -80%
iv) Average Annual Rainfall of the area : 1000-1100mm
3.3 STUDY OF THE LAND USE PATTERN OF THE PROJECT SITE
A. DATA USED
Indian Remote Sensing satellite IRS-P6, LISS-III, multi-spectral digital data has been
used for the preparation of land use/ land cover map of present study. Survey of India
reference map on 1:50,000 scales have been used for the preparation of base map and
geometric correction of satellite data. Ground truthing has been carried out to validate
the interpretation accuracy and reliability of remotely sensed data, by enabling
verification of the interpreted details and by supplementing with the information, which
cannot be obtained directly on satellite imagery.
B. METHODOLOGY
The methodology used for the study consists of following components.
(i) Base Map Preparation
Base map was prepared using Survey of India reference map on 1:50,000 scale.
Interpreted thematic details were transferred on the base map. Besides, other
supporting data like project reports and statistical data published by various
Government departments have also been used.
(ii) Ground Truth Data Collection
Ground data on geo-environmental components of the study area was collected for
verification of information about the different features on the study areas, which are
responsible for the occurrence of specific spectral reflectance behavioral patterns.
During the ground truth detailed information on agricultural practices, wastelands,
mining, industrial area etc. were collected along with other land features.
(iii) Interpretation of Remote Sensing Data
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A hybrid technique has been used i.e. visual interpretation and digital processing for
identification of different land use/ land cover classes based on the image
characteristics like tone, size, shape, pattern, texture, location and association etc. An
image interpretation keys were developed based on such image characteristics, which
enable interpretation of satellite images for land use/land cover features. Further, the
land use / land cover and other baseline layers was put in GIS database for integration,
analysis, statistics generation and final out in the form of land use map.
C. RESULTS
In the present study, both digital image processing and using visual interpretation
technique were used to generate output of Land use cover map of study area. A standard
False Colour Composite (FCC) image has also been generated on the same scale (Fig no
3.1 & 3.2). The proposed project site is located on land with scrub land use class.
Table 3.2: Land Use Pattern of the Study Area
LANDUSE AREA (in Hectares) % Area
Water Body 2198.08 7%
Dense Forest 2766.17 9%
Open Scrub 4072.85 13%
Agriculture Land 13016.91 41%
Barren land 2496.42 8%
Fallow land 1051.268 3%
Settlement 6110.234 19%
Total 31702.932 100
(Source: Land Use Map)
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Figure 3.1 Land Use Pattern of the Study Area (10 km Radius from the project site)
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Figure 3.2 FCC Map of the Study Area (10 km Radius from the Project Site)
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Figure 3.3 Drainage Map of the Study Area
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3.4 PHYSIOGRAPHY & HYDROLOGY
3.4.1 Physiography
Mohali district located in the eastern part of the Punjab state and lies between North
latitiudes of 30°21’00” and 30°56’00” and east longitudes of 76°30’00” and 76°55’00”
covering a geographic ambience of 110 sq.km. The district is bounded by Patiala and
Fatehgrah Sahib district in the South-west, Ropar district in the northwest, Chandigarh
and Panchkula in the east and Ambala district of Haryana state in the south. The district
was created by carving out 2 blocks (Sialba Majra and Kharar) from Ropar district and
one block (Derabassi) from Patiala district. Administratively, the district is divided into 3
tehsil viz., Derabassi, Mohali & Kharar comprising of 3 development blocks. Total
population of the district is 6,98,317. Majority of the population reside in rural area. The
rural and urban population as percentage to the total population are 61.15% and
38.85% respectively. The decennial growth rate (1991-2001) of population in the district
is 21.95%. The literacy rate is 78.4% and the population density is 635 persons/sq.km.
The Ghaggar River and its tributaries form the natural drainage system on Derabassi
block of the district. While north-eastern part is drained by Siswan Nadi, Jainti Devi Ki
Rao and Patiala Rao, which emerge from the Siwalik Hills. The Siswan Nadi drains the
northern part of the district and finally converges with Sutlej River in the Ropar district.
While Jainti Devi Ki Rao and Patiali Rao drains in NE-SW direction and joins the Ghaggar
River.
The land use pattern of an area depends largely on climatological and physiographic
features. Net area sown in the district is 750 sq.km, which constitute about 67.56% of the
total area. Irrigation in the district is mainly by means of canals and tube wells. The area
irrigated under tubewells constitutes about 74.61% of the gross irrigated area. Paddy
constitutes the main Kharif crop whereas wheat is the main Rabi crop.
3.4.2 Hydrogeology
The district is occupied by Quaternary Alluvial deposits belonging to the vast Indo-
Gangetic alluvial plains, which forms the main aquifer system. Groundwater occurs under
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phreatic conditions in the shallow aquifers while leaky confined to confined conditions
occur along the deeper aquifers of Quaternary alluvial deposits.
The CGWB has drilled 11 exploratory wells, 2 slim holes and 1 piezometer in the district
in the depth range of 295-590 m bgl to determine the various aquifer systems and its
extent. All the exploratory wells drilled in the Derabassi block were abandoned due to
insufficient thickness of aquifer zones and low yield. Exploratory drilling has revealed 4-
13 saturated granular zones comprising of fine to coarse sand, silt and kankar up to the
total drilled depth of 460 m in Kharra and Sialba Majra blocks. The discharge ranges from
870-2407 lpm for 21.65 and 11.36 m drawdown respectively. The transmissivity and
hydraulic conductivity varies between 55 to 862 m2/day and 7.4-48m/day respectively.
In the case of unconfined aquifer, depth to water level ranges from 4.1 to 13.02 m bgl
during pre-monsoon and 4.1 to 12.89 m bgl during post-monsoon. In major part of the
district, the water level ranges between 5 and 10 m while the water level in the northern
part is more than 10 m bgl. Seasonal fluctuation shows that, in general, there is an overall
decline in the water level except few isolated patches. The long-term trend of water level
(1997-2006) also shows that there is decline in water level on major part of the area
ranging from 0.11 to 0.80 m/yr except a few isolated patches where the rise is at the rate
if 0.51 m/yr which is insignificant.
3.4.3 Ground Water Resources
Groundwater resource potential of the district has been assessed as per Groundwater
Resource Estimation Methodology (GEC-97) by considering administrative block as the
assessment unit. The gross groundwater draft for all the uses from the net annual
groundwater availability of 260.38 MCM is 226.88 MCMC, thus leaving 27.87 MCM for
future irrigation development. The stage of groundwater development for all the three
blocks exceeded 80%.
The Dera Bassi block shows a development of 84% which is categorised under semi-
critical category while Kharar block with development of 88% is categorised under safe
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category since the water table doesn’t show significant decline during pre & post-
monsoon.
3.4.4 Seismicity of Area
Many parts of the Indian subcontinent have historically high Seismicity. Seven
catastrophic earthquakes of magnitude greater than 8 (Richter scale) have occurred in
the western, northern and eastern parts of India and adjacent countries in the past 100
years.
By contrast, peninsular India is relatively seismic, having suffered only infrequent
earthquakes of moderate. The main seismogenic belts are associated with the collision
plate boundary between the Indian and Eurasian plates.
The hazard map shows contours joining locations of equal expected peak accelerations in
rock expressed in percentage. The study area lies in the seismic zone IV under area of
high seismic risk by national standards.
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Figure 3.4 : Seismic Map of India
Project Site SiteSite
Project Site
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3.5 CLIMATE
District Mohali has a sub-tropical continental monsoon climate characterized by a
seasonal rhythm: hot summers, slightly cold winters, unreliable rainfall and great
variation in temperature (0 °C to 44 °C). In winter, sometimes frost also occurs during
December and January. The average annual rainfall is recorded to be 617 mm. The city
also receives occasional winter rains from the west.
Average temperature
Summer: The temperature in summer may rise to a maximum of 44°C.
Temperatures generally remain between 35°C to 42°C.
Autumn
In autumn, the temperature may rise to a maximum of 36°C. Temperatures usually
remain between 16° to 27° in autumn. The minimum temperature is around 13°C.
Winter
Winters are quite cool and sometimes it gets quite chilled in Mohali. Average
temperatures in winter (November to February) remains at (max) 7°C to 15 °C and (min)
0°C to 5°C.
Spring
The climate remains quite pleasant during the spring season. Temperature varies
between (max) 16°C to 25°C and (min) 9°C to 18°C.
3.6 RAINFALL
The rainfall in the zone is caused by South-West monsoon. It starts in the month of July
and extend upto the month of September. During this period the monsoon rainfall
contribute about 75 to 80% of the total annual rainfall. The average annual rainfall is in
the range of 1000-1100mm. the annual number of rainy days on average are about 51 in
a year, out of which about 31 fall in the monsoon period of July to September.
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3.7 HUMIDITY
In summer months of April, May and June which is the driest part of the year, the
afternoon humidity comes down to 23% to 25% while the relative humidity during
monsoon months goes up to 75% to 80%.
3.8 WIND SPEED/ DIRECTION
The wind direction in the area is mostly from North-West to South-East. During January
to May the winds are quite strong while July to October is calm months. The general
trends of various meteorological data form meteorological observatory at Chandigarh
and field observation are used to draw Wind rose diagrams. The Wind rose diagram is
shown in Fig. given below.
Figure 3.5 Windrose Diagram
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3.9 AMBIENT AIR ENVIRONMENT
The ambient air quality with respect to the study area of 10 km radius around the project
area forms the baseline information. The various sources of air pollution in the region are
dust rising from unpaved roads, domestic fuel burning, vehicular traffic, agricultural
activities, other industries, etc.
The prime objective of baseline air quality monitoring is to assess existing air quality of
the area. This will also be useful in assessing the conformity to standards of the ambient
air quality during the operations.
The baseline status of the ambient air quality has been assessed through scientifically
designed ambient air quality network. The design of monitoring network in the air
quality surveillance program has been based on the following considerations:
Meteorological conditions.
Topography of the study area.
Likely impact area.
3.9.1 Ambient Air Quality Monitoring
Ambient air monitoring was carried out on monthly basis in the surrounding areas of the
project site to assess the ambient air quality at the source. To know the ambient air
quality at a larger distance i.e. in the study area of 10 km. radius, air quality survey has
been conducted at 06 locations over a period of Pre Monsoon Season. Major air
pollutants viz, PM10, PM2.5, Sulphur Dioxide (SO2), Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2), CO, NH3, VOC
representing the basic air pollutants in the region were identified for Ambient Air Quality
Monitoring (AAQM). The ambient air quality monitoring stations were set up at the
following locations.
Table 3.3:
Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Sampling Stations
Station Sampling Location Aerial distance (km) and
direction from Project Site
AAQM1 Project Site --
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AAQM2 Village Mirpur 6.2 Km, NW
AAQM3 Village Mantwala 3.5 Km, NE
AAQM4 Village Khatauli 6.2 Km,SE
AAQM5 Village Sultanpur 4.2 Km,SE
AAQM6 Bir Dadrala PF 6.0 Km,SW
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Figure 3.6: Key Plan of Air Monitoring Stations
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3.9.2 Air Sampling Program
As stated earlier, the sampling at the above 06 stations were carried out during Pre
Monsoon Season. The stations were selected and located with due consideration to
the meteorological conditions of the region. The samples were collected as per the
CPCB norms during study period. The samples for gaseous pollutants as well as for
particulate matter were collected as per the prescribed standard procedures. Detail
Air monitoring data sheet attached as Annexure V.
Table 3.4:
Procedures for Determining Various Air Quality Parameters
Parameters Testing Procedure
PM10 Gravimetric Method by using Repairable Particulate Matter sampler
“Respirable Dust Sampler” (RDS)
NO2
Absorption in diluted NaOH and then estimated calorimetrically with
sulphanilamide and N (I-Nepthyle) Ethylene diamine Dihydrochloride and
Hydrogen Peroxide (IS: 5182 1975, Part-VI).
SO2
Absorption in Sodium Tetra Chloromercurate followed by Colorimetric
estimation using P-Rosaniline hydrochloride and Formaldehyde (IS: 5182
Part – II, 2001).
CO
Each constituent gas in a sample will absorb some infra red at a particular
frequency. By shining an infra-red beam through a sample cell (containing
CO), and measuring the amount of infra-red absorbed by the sample at the
necessary wavelength, a NDIR detector is able to measure the volumetric
concentration of CO in the sample.
NH3
Ammonia in the atmosphere is collected by bubbling a measured volume of
air through a dilute solution of sulphuric acid to form ammonium sulphate.
The ammonium sulphate formed in the sample is analyzed colorimetrically
by reaction with phenol and alkaline sodium hypochlorite to produce
indophenol.
VOC
The principal of operation of volatile organic compound is based on
chromatographic separation in the gaseous phase of measured compound,
coupled with a photo ionization detector for detection of VOCs.
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3.9.3 Baseline Data
Three major air pollutants viz. PM10 & PM2.5, Sulphur Dioxide (SO2), Nitrogen Dioxide
(NO2), CO, NH3 & VOC were monitored to establish the baseline air quality. The
ambient air quality results and the standards of ambient air quality are given in
Tables below.
Table 3.6
NATIONAL AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS (Revised)
Pollutant Time Weighted Average
Concentration
in Ambient Air
Method of Measurement
Industrial, Residential Rural & Other Areas
Ecologically Sensitive Area
Sulphur Dioxide (SO2), g/m3
Annual*
24 hours **
50
80
20
80
-Improved West and Gaeke method.
-Ultraviolet fluorescence
Oxides of Nitrogen as NO2, g/m3
Annual*
24 hours **
40
80
30
80
-Jacob & Hochheiser (Na-Arsenite)
-Chemiluminescence
Particulate Matter (Size less than 10 m)or PM10 g/m3
Annual*
24 hours **
60
100
60
100
-Gravimetric
-TOEM
-Beta attenuation
Particulate Matter (Size less than 2.5 m)or PM2.5 g/m3
Annual*
24 hours **
40
60
40
60
-Gravimetric
-TOEM
-Beta attenuation
Ozone (O3), g/m3 8 hours**
1 hour**
100
180
100
180
-UV photometric
- Chemiluminescence
-Chemical Method
Lead (Pb), g/m3 Annual*
24 hours **
0.50
1.0
0.50
1.0
-AAS/ICP Method after sampling on EPM 2000 or equivalent filter paper.
-ED-XRF using Teflon filter
Carbon Monoxide (CO), mg/m3
8 Hours**
1 Hours
02
04
02
04
-Non Depressive Infrared Spectroscopy (NDIR)
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Ammonia (NH3), g/m3
Annual*
24 hours **
100
400
100
400
- Chemiluminescence
-Indophenol blue method
Benzene (C6H6), g/m3
Annual* 05 05 -Gas Chromatography based continuous analyser
-Adsorption and Desorption followed by GC analysis
Benzo(a)Pyrene (BaP)-particulate phase only, ng/m3
Annual* 01 01 -Solvent extraction followed by HPLC/GC analysis
Arsenic (As), ng/m3 Annual* 06 06 -AAS/ ICP method after sampling on EPM 2000 or equivalent filter paper
Nickel (Ni), ng/m3 Annual* 20 20 -AAS/ ICP method after sampling on EPM 2000 or equivalent filter paper
Source: NAAQS
* Annual Arithmetic mean of minimum 104 measurements in a year taken twice a
week 24 hourly at uniform intervals.
** 24 hourly or 8 hourly or 01 hourly monitored values, as applicable, should be
complied with 98% of the time in a year. However 2% of the time, it may exceed but
not on two consecutive days of monitoring.
Table 3.7: Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Results
Village Name
PM10 (ug/m3 )
NO2 (ug/m3 )
SO2 (ug/m3 )
CO (ug/m3 )
NH3
VOCs
Max. Min. Max. Min. Max. Min. Max. Min. Max. Min. Project
Site
64.45 51.88 17.40 14.79 8.89 7.02 0.98 <0.50 7.90 5.80 <0.50
Village
Mirpur
61.91 50.10 16.90 14.08 7.98 6.80 0.90 <0.50 6.99 5.80 <0.50
Village
Mantwala
63.56 52.98 19.76 17.10 9.56 7.10 0.94 <0.50 7.90 5.88 <0.50
Village
Khatauli
63.10 51.96 17.10 14.93 10.32 8.10 0.98 <0.50 7.90 5.98 <0.50
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Village
Sultanpur
60.56 50.23 19.58 15.55 9.58 7.10 0.94 <0.50 7.90 5.84 <0.50
Bir
Dardala
PF
63.56 52.98 16.88 14.10 9.57 7.10 0.94 <0.50 7.86 5.88 <0.50
Figure 3.7 – Graph showing PM10 concentration
Figure 3.8 – Graph showing NO2 concentration
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Figure 3.9 – Graph showing SO2 concentration
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Figure3.10: Photographs of Ambient Air Quality Monitoring
Ambient Air Quality Monitoring reveals that the minimum & maximum concentrations
of PM10 for all the 06 AAQM stations were found to be 50.10g/m3 and 64.45 g/m3
respectively.
As far as the gaseous pollutants SO2 and NO2 are concerned, the prescribed CPCB limit
of 80 g/m3 for residential and rural areas has never surpassed at any station. The
maximum & minimum concentrations of SO2 were found to be 6.80 g/m3 & 10.32
g/m3 respectively. The maximum & minimum concentrations of NO2 were found to
be 14.08 g/m3 & 19.76 g/m3 respectively.
3.10 NOISE ENVIRONMENT
Noise often defined as unwanted sound, interferes with speech communication,
causes annoyance, distracts from work, disturb sleep, thus deteriorating quality of
human environment. Noise Pollution survey has therefore been carried out.
Noise levels were measured in residential areas and other settlements located within
10 km radius around the site.
3.10.1 Noise Analysis within the Study Area
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The noise analysis within the study area was recorded using 4012 Maxtech sound
level meter. The analysis reveals that the noise’s well within the permissible range.
The location of Noise level monitoring is presented in Table 3.9 & the levels recorded
are as stated in Table 3.10.
Table 3.7: Noise level Monitoring Sampling Stations
Station Sampling
Location
Aerial distance km.
and direction from
Project Site
N1 Project site --
N2 Village Mirpur 6.2Km, NW
N3 Village Mantwala 3.5 Km, NE
N4 Village Khatauli 6.2 Km, SE
N5 Village Sultanpur 4.2 Km,SE
N6 Bir dadrala PF 6.0 Km, SW
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Figure 3.11 : Key Plan of Noise level Monitoring Stations
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Figure3.12: Photographs of Noise level Monitoring
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3.10.2 Result
Table 3.8: Noise level Monitoring Result
S. No LOCATIONS
Noise Level Leq. dB (A)
Day Time
(6:00 a.m. to 10:00 p.m.)
Night Time
(10:00 p.m. to 6:00 a.m.)
1 Project site 56.70 44.50
2 Village Mirpur 54.64 42.71
3 Village Mantwala 54.64 43.20
4 Village Khatauli 51.70 45.55
5 Village Sultanpur 52.20 41.95
6 Bir Dadrala PF 52.68 43.56
Table 3.9: CPCB Noise level Standards
Ambient noise levels were measured at 06 locations around the proposed project
site. A noise level varies from 41.95 to 56.70 Leq dB during day time and during
night time. Maximum & minimum noise levels recorded during the day time were
from 51.70 Leq dB and 56.70 Leq dB respectively and maximum & minimum level
Category of Zones Leq in dB(A)
Day Night
Industrial 75 70
Commercial 65 55
Residential 55 45
Silence Zone 50 40
1 Day Time is from 6.00 AM to 10.00 PM.
2 Night Time is reckoned between 10.00 PM to 6.00 AM
3 Silence Zone is defined as an area up to 100m around premises of Hospitals,
Educational Institutions and Courts. Use of vehicle horn, loudspeaker and
bursting of crackers is banned in these zones.
Note: Mixed categories of areas be declared as one of the four above mentioned
categories by the competent Authority and the corresponding standards shall apply
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of noise during night time were 41.95 Leq dB and 45.55 Leq dB respectively. Thus
noise levels at all locations were observed to be within the prescribed limits.
From the above study and discussions it can be concluded that noise levels in the
study area are well within the prescribed limits as prescribed by the CPCB and State
Pollution Control Board.
3.11 Soil Environment
3.11.1 Soil Quality and Characteristics
The information on soils has been collected from various secondary sources and
also through primary soil sampling analysis of which is described in this section.
For studying the soil profile of the region,6 locations were selected to assess the
existing soil conditions around the contract area representing various land use
conditions. The concentrations of physical and chemical parameters were
determined.
The sampling locations have been finalized with the following objectives:
To determine the baseline soil characteristics of the study area; and
To determine the impact of industrialization on soil characteristics.
Quality of the soil in the area is showing a marked diversity in nature depending
upon the parent rock and climatic conditions prevailing in different parts of the
district. The analysis results of the soil samples collected are given in table below
Table 3.10: Soil quality analysis Station Details
Station Sampling
Location Aerial distance(km) & direction in from Project site
S1 Project Site --
S2 Village Mirpur 0.3 Km North
S3 Village Mantwala 5.2 Km, SW
S4 Village Khatauli 5.4 Km, S
S5 Village Sultanpur 7.3 Km, SW
S6 Bir Dadrala PF 3.5 Km, W
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Figure 3.13: Photographs of Soil Sampling
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Figure 3.14: Key Plan of Soil Sampling Stations
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Table 3.11 _Soil Analysis Result S. No. Parameter Project Site Village Mirpur Village
Mantwala Village Khatauli Village
Sultanpur Bir Dadrala PF
1. pH (at 25 0C) 7.25 6.95 7.35 7.65 7.20 6.90 2. Conductivity (mS/cm) 0.420 0.390 0.320 0.410 0.395 0.425
3. Soil Texture Silty Loam Silty Loam Silty Loam Silty Loam Silty Loam Silty Loam
4. Colour Yellowish Yellowish Yellowish Yellowish Yellowish Yellowish
5. Water holding capacity (%)
38.60 33.60 36.50 38.80 33.50 40.90
6. Bulk Density (gm/cc) 2.24 1.12 1.52 2.22 2.82 1.52
7. Chloride (mg/kg) 176.92 174.32 182.62 168.32 172.72 175.88
8. Calcium as Ca (mg/kg)
110.40 116.30 120.40 122.50 115.50 118.80
9. Sodium (mg/100gm) 64.30 60.96 65.30 66.60 67.12 63.25
10. Potassium (mg/100gm)
270.40 290.70 283.40 286.50 273.73 278.10
11. Organic matter (%) 0.98 0.56 0.88 0.98 0.92 0.94
12. Magnesium as Mg (mg/kg)
48.50 52.60 50.50 44.30 48.58 50.50
13. Available Nitrogen as N (kg. /hec.)
270.90 265.70 275.20 270.50 278.30 268.70
14. Available Phosphorus (kg. /hec.)
37.50 41.10 38.66 39.70 36.64 34.80
15. Zinc (mg/100gm) 17.60 20.10 19.90 15.70 20.10 19.20
16. Mangnese as Mn
(mg/kg) 58.40 65.32 62.80 62.50 68.90 64.50
17. Chromium as Cr (mg/kg)
1.74 1.34 1.74 1.44 2.28 2.09
18. Lead as Pb (mg/kg) 4.20 5.90 6.20 4.95 5.40 4.95
19. Cadmium as Cd(mg/kg)
2.30 2.90 3.80 2.90 3.70 2.60
20. Copper as Cu(mg/kg) 15.80 17.50 17.60 18.58 18.90 16.85
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Soil is the media for supplying the nutrients for plant growth. Nutrients are
available to plants at certain pH and pH of soils can reflect by addition of pollutants
in it either by air, or by water or by solid waste or by all of these. In order to
establish the baseline status of soil characteristics, soil samples were collected at 5
sampling locations.
The analysis results show that soil is basic in nature as pH value ranges from 6.90 to
7.65 with water holding capacity of 33.50 to 40.90 %. The concentration of
Nitrogen, Phosphorus & Potassium has been found to be in good amount in the soil
samples. Soil texture is Silty loam.
3.12 Water Environment
3.12.1 Surface Water
Ghaggar River is located in the study area at approximate distance of 3.8 km in NW
Direction from Project site. Dhamgiri River, approx. 8.0 km in NE direction from the
proposed project site. Water sample was collected and analyzed for its quality.
Table 3.12 Surface water quality sampling Stations
Station Sampling Location Aerial distance (km) & direction from Project Site
S1 Ghaggar River 3.8Km, NW
S2 Dhamgiri River 8.0 Km, NE
Table 3.13 Surface water quality sampling results
S.No. Parameter Ghaggar River Dhamgiri River Up Stream Down
Stream Up Stream Down
Stream 1. pH (at 250C) 7.8 7.7 7.3 7.3 2. Dissolved oxygen
(mg/l) 6.2 5.9 6.5 6.6
3. BOD (at 270C for 3 days, mg/l)
21.50 21.30 6.0 6.4
4. COD(mg/l) 88.60 86.50 29.7 29.9 5. Turbidity NTU 7.0 7.1 6.0 6.1 6. Conductivity
(µS/cm) 751 753 220 221
7. Temperature (0C) 28 28 28 28 8. Magnesium
Hardness as CaCO3 119.70 121..30 26.7 26.9
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(mg/l) 9. Free Ammonia (as N,
mg/l) 0.5 0.6 1.10 1.12
10. Total Phosphorus as PO4(mg/l)
0.68 0.67 0.5 0.7
11. TKN(mg/l) 2.51 2.53 1.8 1.8 12. Chloride as Cl
(mg/l) 189 190 55 56
13. Total dissolved solids(mg/l)
481 485 211 212
14. Sulphate as SO4(mg/l) 60 59 21 21 15. Fluoride as F 0.15 0.17 0.12 0.13 16. Nitrate as NO3(mg/l) 0.14 0.15 0.3 0.4 17. Iron as Fe(mg/l) 0.28 0.29 0.08 0.09 18. Boron as B(mg/l) 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 19. Hexa Chromium as
Cr+6(mg/l) BDL(DL 0.01 mg/l)
BDL(DL 0.01 mg/l)
BDL(DL 0.01 mg/l)
BDL(DL 0.01 mg/l)
20. Phenolic Compounds(mg/l)
BDL(DL 0.001 mg/l)
BDL(DL 0.001 mg/l)
BDL(DL 0.001 mg/l)
BDL(DL 0.001 mg/l)
21. Sodium(mg/l) 51 54 22 23 22. Potassium(mg/l) 18 18 4.5 4.6 23. Zinc as Zn(mg/l) 0.4 0.6 0.4 0.4 24. Nickel as Ni(mg/l) BDL(DL
0.01mg/l) BDL(DL 0.01mg/l)
BDL(DL 0.01mg/l)
BDL(DL 0.01mg/l)
25. Cadmium as Cd (mg/l) BDL(DL 0.001 mg/l)
BDL(DL 0.001 mg/l)
BDL(DL 0.001 mg/l)
BDL(DL 0.001 mg/l)
26. Lead as Pb(mg/l) BDL(DL 0.01mg/l)
BDL(DL 0.01mg/l)
BDL(DL 0.01mg/l)
BDL(DL 0.01mg/l)
27. Arsenic as As (mg/l)
BDL(DL 0.01 mg/l)
BDL(DL 0.01 mg/l)
BDL(DL 0.01 mg/l)
BDL(DL 0.01 mg/l)
28. Mercury as Hg (mg/l)
BDL (DL 0.001 mg/l)
BDL (DL 0.001 mg/l)
BDL (DL 0.001 mg/l)
BDL (DL 0.001 mg/l)
29. Total Coliform (MPN/100ml)
11285 11296 94000 94685
30. E.coli (MPN/100ml) 780 788 2984 2990 3.12.2 Ground Water
The Quality of ground water was studied by collecting six water samples from
representative hand pumps, tube wells. Sampling points were decided using
google image & field survey.
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Standard procedures were followed for the sampling and analysis of physico–
chemical parameters of water. Table 3.8 (A) shows the details of location of water
sampling stations and results of different parameters are given in Table 3.8 (B).
Table 3.14: Ground Water quality Sampling Stations
Station Sampling Location Aerial distance (km) & direction from Project Site
W1 Project Site --
W2 Village Mirpur 6.2 Km, NW
W3 Village Mantwala 3.5 Km, NE
W5 Village Khatauli 6.2 Km, SE
W6 Village Sultanpur 4.2 Km,SE
W7 Bir Dadrala PF 6.0 Km,SW
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Figure 3.15: Key Plan of Water quality Sampling Stations
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Figure 3.16 . Photographs of Water quality Sampling
3.12.3 Result
Table 3.15: Ground Water Quality Analysis Result
S.
No.
Parameter Project Site
Village Mirpur
Village Mantwala
Village Khatauli
Village Sultanpur
Bir Dadrala PF
Desira
ble
Limit
Permiss
ible
Limit
1. pH (at 25 0C) 7.42 7.90 7.15 7.60 7.95 7.02
6.5 to 8.5
No Relaxation
2. Colour (Hazen)
<1.0 <1.0 <1.0 <1.0 <1.0 <1.0 5 15
3. Turbidity (NTU)
<1.0 <1.0 <1.0 <1.0 <1.0 <1.0 1
5
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4. Odour Agreea
ble Agreeable
Agreeable
Agreeable
Agreeable
Agreeable
Agreeable
Agreeable
5. Taste Agreea
ble Agreeable
Agreeable
Agreeable
Agreeable
Agreeable
Agreeable
Agreeable
6. Total Hardness as CaCO3 (mg/l)
218.50 210.50 240.10 165.40 169.50 78.40 200 600
7. Calcium as Ca (mg/l)
45.20 56.10 61.50 32.10 56.10 20.10 75 200
8. Alkalinity as CaCO3
(mg/l)
250.50 225.40 210.10 148.10 156.50 85.56 200 600
9. Chloride as Cl (mg/l)
48.60 68.10 65.10 85.40 42.10 15.72 250 1000
10. Residual Free Chlorine (mg/l)
<0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05
0.2 1
11. Cyanide as CN
(mg/l)
<0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02
0.05 No Relaxation
12. Magnesium as Mg(mg/l)
25.69 17.14 21.06 20.73 7.18 6.86 30 100
13. Total Dissolved Solids (mg/l)
315.40 340.10 370.50 295.10 278.50 137.30 500 2000
14. Sulphate as SO4(mg/l)
2.50 10.50 32.10 13.50 8.10 2.85 200 400
15. Fluoride as F (mg/l)
0.50 0.75 0.71 0.80 0.60 0.75 1.0 1.5
16. Nitrate as NO3(mg/l)
0.62 0.62 2.40 3.50 0.78 0.58 45 No Relaxation
17. Iron as Fe(mg/l)
0.21 0.19 0.27 0.25 0.29 0.33 0.3 No Relaxation
18. Aluminium as Al(mg/l)
<0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 0.03 0.2
19. Boron(mg/l) <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5 0.5 1.0
20. Phenolic Compounds(mg/l)
<0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 0.001 0.002
21. Anionic Detergents
<0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 0.2 1.0
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Analysis results of ground water reveal the following;
pH varies from to 7.02 to 7.95
Total Hardness varies from 78.40 to 240.10 mg/l
Alkalinity varies from 85.56 to 250.50 mg/l
A review of the above chemical analysis reveals that water from all sources remains
suitable for drinking purposes as all the constituents are within the limits prescribed for
drinking water standards promulgated by Indian Standards (IS: 10500)
as MBAS(mg/l)
22. Chromium as Cr+6(mg/l)
<0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01
0.05 No Relaxation
23. Zinc as Zn(mg/l)
<0.01 0.32 <0.01 0.60 <0.01 <0.01 5 15
24. Copper as Cu(mg/l)
<0.02 0.40 0.50 0.32 0.15 <0.02 0.05 1.5
25. Manganese as Mn
(mg/l)
<0.02 <0.02 0.42 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 0.1 0.3
26. Cadmium as Cd
(mg/l)
<0.003
<0.003
<0.003
<0.003
<0.003 <0.003
0.003 No Relaxation
27. Lead as Pb
(mg/l) <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01
0.01 No Relaxation
28. Selenium as Se
(mg/l) <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01
0.01 No Relaxation
29. Arsenic as As
(mg/l) <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01
0.01 No Relaxation
30. Mercury as Hg
(mg/l) <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001
0.001 No Relaxation
31. Total Coliform
MPN/100ml
<2/100ml
<2/100ml
<2/100ml
<2/100ml
<2/100ml
<2/100ml
- 10.00
32. E.Coli MPN/100ml
Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent
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3.13 BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT
3.13.1 Introduction
Anthropogenic activities tend to bring instability in the species composition and
functioning of ecosystem. The first component to be affected directly as well as
indirectly and in a short, medium and long time span would be the biotic
component of the area. This sets a cyclic process, which may aggravate the situation
unless corrective measures are adopted.
Generation of base-line data and knowing the types and extents of pollutants would
be the first step of the environmental study report. The biological assessment is
trustworthy and acceptable method to understand the impact of surroundings. This
leads to suggesting remedial measures for minimizing impact. The aim of
environment management plan is to manage the ecosystems with least alterations
because only this can make ecosystem stable.
3.14 CROPPING PATTERN
3.14.1 Cropping Pattern of the Study Area
There is Agricultural land available in the buffer zone. In general the soil fertility is
medium. The soil is slightly alkaline.
The district has two main major crops, wheat and paddy with a combined cropping
area of more than 86%.
The principal rabi crop is wheat, while subsidiary crops are barley, gram,
oilseeds(sarson, taramira, alsi and torial ) and winter vegetables such as peas ,
cabbage, cauliflower , turnip, carrot , etc, The principal kharif crops are paddy ,
sugarcane, cotton and ground nut , while maize , jowar and bajra are minor crops.
kharif vegetables include tomato and ladyfinger, kharif pulses are maily moong,
mash arhar, soyabeen, etc: while grapes, pear , peach, guava, etc. are the kharif
fruits grown in the district.
Most of the cultivation of the area is based on monsoon rains. However, ground
water i.e. by tube wells and dug wells are also used for cultivation.
TABLE – 3.16 (A)
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COMMON PULSES GROWN IN THE AREA
S. No. Common Name Botanical Name English Name
1. Moong Vigna radiate Green gram
2. Masoor Lens culinaris Lentil
3. Arhar Cajanus cajan Pigeon pea
TABLE - 3.17 (B)
COMMON VEGETABLES GROWN IN THE AREA
S.No. Common Name Botanical Name English Name
1. Lehsun A. sativum Garlic
2. Shimla Mirch Capsicum frutescence Capsicum
3. Bhindi Abelmoscus esculentus Ladies Finger
4. Phool Gobhi Brassica oleracea var. Botrytis
Cauli flower
5. Patta Gobhi Brassica oleracea var. Capitata
Cabbage
6. Shalgam Brassica rapa rapa Turnip
7. Tamatar Solanum esculentum Tomato
8. Ghia Luffa cylindrical sponge -gourd
9. Mirch - chillies
10. Shakarkandi Ipomoea batatas sweet- potato
11. Tinda Praecitrullus fistulosus
Indian round gourd
12. Kaddu or Khola Cucurbita maxima Pumpkin
13. Torai Luffa acutangula Vegetable sponge
14. Karela Momordica charantia Bitter gourd
15. Matar Pisum sativum Pea
16. Mooli Raphanus sativus Radish
17. Methi Tigonella foenum-graecum Fenugreek
18. Gajar Daucus carota Carrot
19. Palak Spinacia oleracea Spinach
20. Piaz Allium cepa Onion
TABLE – 3.16 (C)
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COMMON FRUIT TREES IN THE AREA
S. No. Common Name
Botanical Name English Name
1. Amrood Psidium guajava Guava
2. Nashpati Pyrus Pear
3. Peach Prunus persica Peach
4. Aam Mangifera indica Mango
5. Lichi Litchi chinensis Lichi
6. Ber Ziziphus mauritiana Indian jujube
TABLE - 3.16 (D)
COMMON OILSEEDS GROWN IN THE AREA
S. No. Common Name
Botanical Name English Name
1. Sarso Brassica napus Rapeseed
2. Surajmukhi Helianthus annuus Sunflower
3. Til Sesamum indicum Sesamum
4. Mungfali Arachis hypogaea Groundnut
TABLE – 3.16 (E)
OTHERS CROPS GROWN IN THE AREA
S. No. Common Name
Botanical Name
English Name
1. Makka Zea mays Maize
2. Gaihoon T. aestivum Wheat
3. Jow Hordeum vulgare Barley
4. Rui Gossypium arboreum Cotton
3.14.2 FLORA
i. Flora : Some of the plant species found in 10 km radius
TABLE – 3.17 (A)
LIST OF FLORA
S.No. Scientific Name Common Name
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1 Mangifera indica Aam
2 Emblica officinalis Amla
3 Ficus carica Anjir
4 Albizzia lebbeck Kala siras
5 Anthocephalus indicus Kadamb
6 Citrus medica Nimbu
7 Accia arabica Babool
8 Terminalia belerica Baheda
9 Ficus religiosa Peepal
10 Delbergia sissoo Shisham
11 Prosopis juliflora Vilayati babool
12 Cuscuta reflexa Amarbel
13 Dendrocalamus strictus Bans
14 Saccharum sp. Sugarcane
15 Aegle marmelos Bel
16 Pyrus communis Nashpati
17 Azadirachta indica Neem
18 Psidium guajava Amrood
19 Polyalthia longifolia Ashok
Source: Field Survey Report
3.14.3 Fauna
The presence of fauna depends on topography and vegetation in the area. The
animals like Neel Gai (Boselaphus tragocamelus), Fox (Vulpes bengalensis), Hare
(Lepus nigricollis), are found in the study area. The reptiles like snake, lizard are
also found in the area. Among the birds mainly crow (Corvus splendens), sparrow
(Athene broma), dove, pigeon (Columba livia) are found in the area.
TABLE – 3.18 (B)
LIST OF FAUNA
S.No. Zoological Name Common Name
Schedule as per Indian Wild Life Act 1972
1. Boselaphus tragocamelus Nilgai III
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2. Cynopterus sphinx vahl. Bat V
3. Funambulus pennanti
Five stripped palm squirrel
IV
4. Herpestes edwardsi Common mongoose IV
5. Lepus nigricollis Hare IV
6. Acridotheres tristis Myna IV
7. Columba livia Blue rock pigeon IV
8. Dinopium benghalense Woodpecker IV
9. Psittacula krameri Parrot IV
10. Corvus splendens. House crow V
11. Calotes vesicolor Common garden lizard IV
12. Canis lupus Dog IV
13. Capra aegagrus hircus Goats IV
14. Felis cattus Cat IV
15. Bubalus bubalis Buffaloes IV
16. Bufo malanostictus Toads IV
17. Rana tigrina Bull frog IV
Source: Field Survey Report
3.15 SOCIO-ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT
3.15.1 Reconnaissance
The economy of India is mainly based on agriculture sector and the main activity of
rural population being agriculture; the entire infrastructure is oriented towards this
activity.
An area is said to be developed, if it contains the facilities like pakka houses,
metalled roads, hospitals, qualified private doctors, higher secondary schools and
degree colleges, adequate water supply, electric supply, easily available transport
and recreational facilities etc.
Socio-economic study of an area gives an opportunity to assess the socio-economic
conditions of an area. By this study, the changes likely to occur in living and social
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standards of the study area due to coming of this project can also be assessed. It can
undoubtedly be said that due to the coming of the plant the gross economic
production of the area will increase substantially. This plant may provide direct and
indirect employment and will improve the infrastructural facilities and standards of
living of the area.
An integral part of environmental study, which deals with the total environment, is
socio-economic environment incorporating various facts related to socio-economic
condition in the area. These includes demographic structure of the area, provision
of basic amenities viz., housing, education, health and medical services, occupation,
water supply, sanitation, communication, transportation, prevailing diseases,
pattern as well as feature of aesthetic significance such as temples, historical
monuments, etc. at the baseline level. This would help in visualizing and predicting
the likely impact depending upon the nature and magnitude of the project.
3.15.2 Methodology
The methodology adopted for the study is based on the review of secondary data,
such as district census statistical handbook-2001 and the records of national
Information centre, New Delhi for the parameters of demography, occupational
structure of people within the general study area of 10 km radius around the
proposed project site.
3.16 Demography
3.16.1 Demographic Structure (Based on Census Data 2001)
Table 3.18
Demography (10 km radius of the project site)
Punjab Mohali Distt.
Particulars 57665 55831
Male population 1,29,85,045 3,79,533
Female population 1,13,73,954 3,18,784
Total population 2,43,58,994 6,98,317
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(Source: Socioeconomic survey and Census 2001)
3.17 CONCLUSION
All the basic facilities like road and rail network, medical facilities, post & telegraph,
market, drinking water facilities and education facilities are available. The proposed
project will be boon for the surrounding area .
Sex ratio 876/1000 840/1000
Density of population/km2 484 635
Literacy rate : total 69.7% 78.4%
Male 63.4% 83.8%
Female 75.2% 72.1%
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CHAPTER -4
ANTICIPATED IMPACT & ITS MITIGATION MEASURES
4.1 Environmental Impact Assessment
Environment and development should be considered as mutually complementary,
interdependent, and an instrument of reinforcing the quality of life. Environmental
Impact Assessment (EIA) is the important aspect of overall environmental
management strategy and an important tool for sustainable development. It identifies
major impacts of Industrial and associated activities on environment and provides
guideline to prepare the necessary control measure termed as Environmental
Management Plan (EMP).
Alteration or modification of the above attributes may cause hazardous impact on
ecological equilibrium of site. Besides this there will be some other reasons which will
affect the environment viz. traffic network, and other vehicular movements, impacts
on flora & fauna of that area, surface drainage, and change in air, water and soil
quality. While for purpose of development and economic upliftment of people, there
is need for establishment of industries, but these have to be environmental friendly.
Therefore, it is essential to assess the impacts of Industry and its activities on
different environmental parameters, before starting the Industrial operations, so that
abatement measures could be planned in advance. The impacts on different
environmental parameters due to proposed project are discussed below:
4.1.1 Construction Phase
This phase involves the activities like erection of civil structures, movement /
removal of old construction, equipment and machinery, erection of new equipment
and machinery, green belt development etc.
Air, Noise and Land are likely to be effected by these activities, although
Aesthetics and Socio-economic factors are also identified. But the impacts will be
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marginal and for short term only. The green belt development will have positive
impacts.
4.1.2 OPERATIONAL PHASE
This phase of the project is important because it generates long-term impacts
as the production starts. The primary impacts causing likely deterioration will be in
Air, Water, Noise and Land / Soil due to the gaseous emissions, vehicular
movement, discharge of liquid effluent.
This phase includes following activities:
• Raw material storage
• Product manufacturing
• Product storage
• Transportation
• Gaseous emission
• Effluent discharge
• Solid waste generation
• Occasional equipment failure / Process upset and related problems
• Industrial development
• Chemical Hazards
• Generation of employment opportunity
• Contribution to social welfare
4.2 AIR ENVIRONMENT
The impact has been predicted separately for construction and operation phase of the
project.
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4.2.1 Construction Phase
The sources of air emissions during construction phase will be due to development
of site, emissions from vehicles used for transportation of men and material and
exhaust emission from construction equipments. These activities will result in
emission of SO2, NO2 and particulate matter. However, the quantum of these
emissions will be very small and that too only for a very short period. Hence no long
term adverse impact on air quality is likely to occur due to construction phase.
Proper upkeep and maintenance of vehicles will prevent gaseous and fugitive
emissions during construction phase.
It is proposed to have a Green Belt plantation along the boundary of the plot,
which will intercept the dispersing particulates. Also the sprinkling of water is
recommended in areas where dust emission is expected within the plant.
However the internal roads of plant are asphalted and hence dust emission shall be
to minimum.
4.2.2 OPERATION PHASE
During operation phase, air emissions both gaseous and fugitive will be on account of
process emissions from stacks, transportation of men and material.
Thus the under cited mitigation measures will be adopted:
The main raw material and product shall be brought in and dispatched by road in
covered enclosures.
It will be ensured that the vehicle owners must have valid PUC Certificate
It will be ensured that vehicles are not overloaded during transportation.
Dust suppression on haul roads will be done at regular intervals.
Boiler ash will be transferred in closed conveyors to the end users to avoid any
spillage.
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Besides this odour is also a problem in the project due to typical odour compounds
Better housekeeping by regular steaming of all fermentation equipment.
Use of efficient bio-cides to control bacterial contamination.
Control of temperature during fermentation to avoid in-activation / killing of yeast.
Air Treatment Technology will manage aerial emission prior to discharge to the
atmosphere via a stack. The stack will be designed to be of sufficient height (52 m)
to aid dispersion to the point where emissions will not impact on any receptors.
4.3 WATER ENVIRONMENT
Construction Phase
Ground water - During the construction phase of proposed project, water will be
required for construction activities at site. This requirement of water will be drawn
through the ground water. The exploitation of ground water resources during the
construction phase will not have a significant impact on the ground water availability
in the area.
Drinking water facility will be provided to the construction workers and waste water
will be discharged into septic tanks via soak pits. Also there will be no constructional
discharge from the site which can have any impact on the water quality.
Operation Phase
Water requirement of the plant is proposed to be met by ground water & recycled
water. The proposed project would have “zero Effluent discharge”.
The detailed treatment of wastewater generated is described in Chapter 2 of this EIA
report.
4.4 NOISE ENVIRONMENT
Noise environment get disturbed due to vehicles used for the transportation of raw
material and finished product from the Project site. Use of DG sets, and machinery
used in production activities also contribute to noise pollution.
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Mitigation measures:
Periodical monitoring of ambient noise will be done as per CPCB guidelines.
Proper maintenance of all equipments/machines will be carried out which help in
reducing noise during operations.
Plantation will be taken up along the approach roads and side. The plantation
minimizes propagation of noise and also arrests dust.
Use of ear-protecting devices will be provided to personnel working in high
noise generating zones. Anti-vibrating pads/ acoustic enclosure shall be provided
to the DG set.
4.5 SOIL ENVIRONMENT
There is no discharge of waste water onto land. The solid wastes shall be
segregated according to their properties, packed, transported and stored in a
separate impervious storage area demarcated for them. They will then be disposed
off according to the requirements of statutory authorities. Hence implementation
of project will not have any major effect on the soil environment.
Mitigation
No toxic /waste water will be disposed directly on land.
Vegetation will be done on uncovered soil.
4.6 BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT
There are no Forest, National Park and Protected Sanctuaries within the study
area, no impact is anticipated on the same.
In spite of there being no impact, efforts will be made not only to maintain the
ecological balance of the surroundings but also to improve upon the same.
The attributes that are identified to describe ecology are animals, birds, fish,
field crops, threatened species, natural vegetation etc. The study area does not
have any identified endangered species, Forest, National Park, Sanctuaries and
hence there is no question of any adverse impact on the same.
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Emphasis will be placed on social forestry programme wherein tree plantation
would be undertaken within the plant premises. The tree plantation under this
programme would help in absorbing atmospheric heat, noise as well as pollutants.
Hence, all efforts will be put-up by the project proponent to maintain the
ecological balance and improve the environment in terms of ecology and Green Belt
development.
4.7 SOCIO-ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT
The proposed project is in a well-established and industrial notified estate. Thus,
the said project will not have any significant impact on Socio-economic
pattern of the surrounding region. The project shall generate indirect employment
opportunities, which will contribute to social upliftment of the people in surrounding
area.
4.8 LAND ENVIRONMENT AND AESTHETICS
The required plant & machinery for the full production capacity will be installed
within the said premises. No new land is to be acquired for the proposed project.
Thus, no adverse impact is likely to be generated on the land environment and
general aesthetics of the area.
Construction Phase is for small period during erection and installation of machineries
and therefore there is no question of impacts on land use pattern. During operational
phase, there will not be any effect on land.
Adequate air pollution control equipments at various pollutant generation sources
shall be proposed. Adequate height of the stack will help in dispersing the pollutants
emitted from the stacks effectively into the atmosphere.
The Hazardous wastes generated from the unit are Sulphur Sludge, Catalyst dust and
used DG Set oils. The Sulphur sludge & Catalyst Dust will be sent to TSDF site
Nimbuan Dera Bassi for final disposal & used oil from D.G. Set shall be sold to
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recyclers. There are no other hazardous wastes.
Other waste such as solids from APCD, Ash from the Boiler furnace will be properly
dispose. Solids from APCD will be disposed off at designated land filling site. Ash from
boiler will be used for land fill site.
4.9 CULTURAL ENVIRONMENT
The workers working in the industry are of different culture and religion. The
interaction and intermingling of all these people will improve the understanding of
various cultures. This will definitely improve and strengthen friendliness,
brotherhood and unity among them.
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CHAPTER - 5
ENVIRONMENTAL MONIROTING PROGRAMME
5.0 INTRODUCTION
Environmental Monitoring is an essential tool for sustainable development &
ensuring effective most implementation & monitoring of Environmental management
plan & mitigation measures. It is also very essential to keep updating the
environmental management system for effective conservation of environment along
with ongoing project activities/operation. The environment monitoring plan
enables environmental management system with early sign of need for
additional action and modification of ongoing actions for environment
management, improvement & conservation. It provides exact idea for
mitigation measures to be implemented as it is linked with actual distraction of
environmental quality due to the project activities. Hence, monitoring of critical
parameters of environmental quality is very essential in the routine activity
schedule of project operation. An Environmental Monitoring Programme shall be
scheduled for the following major objectives:
Assessment of the changes in environmental conditions, if any, during the
project operation/activities.
Monitoring & tracking the effectiveness of Environment Management
Plan & implementation of mitigation measures planned.
Identification of any significant adverse transformation in environmental
condition to Plan additional mitigation measures
5.1 Monitoring Points / Locations & Components
The environmental monitoring points shall be decided considering the
environmental impacts likely to occur due to the operation of proposed project
as the main scope of monitoring program is to track timely & regularly, the
change in environmental conditions and to take timely action for protection of
environment. The monitoring points/location & components of significance shall be
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as following:
Table 5.1 Post Project Environmental Monitoring Locations
Sr. No. Environmental Components Monitoring Points/ Location
1. Ambient Air Ambient air quality monitoring at 6
locations within the plant premises having
1 location in upwind direction (Mirpur 6.2
Km, NW)and 2 locations in Downwind
direction (Sultanpur 4.2 Km SE, Khatauli
6.2 Km SE)
2. Water & Waste water Intake Raw Water Quality
Wastewater from all sources.
Wastewater at different stages of
Effluent treatment Process.
3. Emission At Source of emission (Stacks) from
Sampling Port
Process emission in workplace
area/plants (for each area/plant
minimum 2 locations & 1 location
outside plant area near vent)
4. Noise At all source and outside the Plant
area.
At least 5 points near/around the
plant Boundary.
5. Greenbelt/Vegetation Cover Greenbelt Area at Boundary & Garden
6. Solid Waste Process dust generated & collected as
Solid wastes.
Domestic Biological Solid waste
before manuring & prepared
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manure/compost.
7. Soil At least two locations from area near
Solid/ hazardous waste storage/
Dumping Area.
At least five locations from Greenbelt
& area where manure of biological
waste is applied.
5.2 MONITORING PARAMETERS & FREQUENCY
The monitoring parameters and frequency of monitoring shall be as following:
Table 5.2:
Parameters & Frequency for Post Project Environmental Monitoring
Sr.
No
Item
Parameters Frequency
1. Ambient Air quality
PM 2.5, PM 10, SO2, NO2, CO, NH3, VOC Once in a Month
2. Stationary Emission from Stack
PM , SO2, NOX Once in a Month
3. Process emission Fugitive gaseous pollutant expected. Once in a Month
4. Water & Wastewater
pH, Temperature, EC, Turbidity, Total
Dissolved Solids, Calcium, magnesium,
Total hardness, Total Alkalinity,
Chlorides, Sulphates, Nitrates, DO, COD,
BOD, oil & Grease, Metals expected in
effluent.
Monthly
5. Treated Sewage / Effluent
pH, BOD, COD, TSS, TDS, oil & Grease,
Metals expected in effluent.
Monthly
6. Noise Equivalent noise level- dB (A) Once in a Month
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7. Soil, Solid wastes & Manure / Compost
pH, Humidity, Texture, Organic matter,
N, P, K, Sulphate, Calcium, Magnesium,
C:N ratio.
Quarterly
8. Greenbelt Number of plantation (Units), Number
of Survived plants/ trees, Number of
poor plants/ Trees
Ongoing- round the year
9. Environmental Audit
As per Direction of ISO 14001 Once in a Year
5.3 MONITORING METHODOLOGIES
Monitoring of environmental samples shall be done as per the guidelines
provided by MoEF / CPCB/ PPCB. The method followed shall be
recommended / standard method approved / recommended by MoEF /
CPCB.
5.4 REPORTING & DOCUMENTATION
The records of the monitoring program shall be kept on regular basis for all
aspects of the monitoring. Separate records for water, wastewater, solid
wastes, air emission, soil & manure / compost shall be prepared and
preserved regularly.
Immediately upon the completion of monitoring as per the planned schedule,
report shall be prepared & necessary documents shall be forwarded to the
concerned person.
Methodology of monitoring (sampling & analysis) shall be prepared as
separate documents as SOP (standard Operating Procedure) wherever
required.
The records showing results / outcome of the monitoring programs shall be
prepared as per the requirement of the schedule mentioned above.
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Regularly, these documents & records shall be reviewed for necessary
improvement of the monitoring plan / mitigation measures / environmental
technologies as well as for necessary actions of Environmental Management
Cell.
5.5 BUDGET & PROCUREMENT SCHEDULE
On regular basis, Environment Management Cell shall inspect the necessity &
vailability of the materials, technologies, services & maintenance works. The
Cell shall make appropriate budget for the purpose. Regular record review
for any change in financial requirement of environment management shall
be done and appropriate budgetary provisions shall be made. Along with
other budgets, Budget for environmental management shall be prepared
and revised regularly as per requirement. The budget shall include provisions
for:
• Environmental Monitoring Program
• Operation & Maintenance of Environmental Technologies / Equipments
• Laboratory works for Environmental management activities
• Emergency Purchase of necessary material, equipments, tools, services
• Greenbelt development
• Social & Environmental Welfare & Awareness programs / training (CSR)
• Annual Environmental Audit.
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CHAPTER - 6
ADDITIONAL STUDIES
6.0 INTRODUCTION
As per the EIA notification dated 14th September 2006, the first technical presentation
i.e. the ToR presentation has been done. The committee has suggested various
additional Terms of References (ToRs) for the preparation of the Environmental
Impact Assessment (EIA) Report and Environmental Management Plan (EMP)
through its File No. J-11011/178/2013/1A-II (I) letter dated 26th September, 2013.
The following Additional Studies were done in reference to the additional Terms of
References;
A) Public Consultation
B) Risk Assessment
Detailed proceedings of public hearing conducted on 30.01.2015 are as follows:
6.1 PUBLIC CONSULTATION
The Public Hearing for the proposed Project was conducted on 30.01.2015 at 12:30
pm at Village Nimbua, Tehsil –Dera Bassi, Distt. Mohali, Punjab.
The advertisements for public hearing was given in English News Paper “The
Tribune and Daily Post (English daily)” dated 31.12.14 and Ajit (Punjabi Daily)
dated 01.01.2015 informing the Venue, date and time for Environmental public
hearing for this project is attached below.
Date of receiving ToR Letter - 26.09.2013
Date of Public Hearing - 30.01.215
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6.1.1 Public Hearing Proceeding minutes
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Public Hearing Proceeding minutes in local language
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6.1.1.1 Photographs of the Public Hearing
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Figure 6.1 Photographs Showing Public Hearing Conduction
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6.1.2 Public Attendance Sheet
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6.1.2.1 Issue raised during public hearing
Table 6.1
Main Concerns/Issues Raised During Public Hearing
S
No.
Detail of Villagers Question Raised Reply given by PP/ Consultant
1 Mr. Ajay Kumar
Yadav s/o Mr. Ram
Sevak Yadav R/O
Village Mubarkpur
What will be qualification of
the candidate applying for
the job in the industry?
The Environmental Consultant of the company
informed that the qualification will be based on
the requirement of the position in the various
departments of the industry
2 Sh. Iqbal khan S/o
Shree Basheer
Mohd, R/O
Mubarkpur,
Derabassi
What will be benefits for the
residents of the area after the
establishment of the
industry?
The Environmental consultant of the company
informed that there will be development of the
area and generation of employment with the
coming up of the industry. Also, the industry will
generate revenue for the state
3 Sh. Didar Singh
Nambardar Village
Sundran, Dera
Bassi
The establishment of the
industry will be beneficial for
the village and nearby areas
therefore the residents of
this area are very much
interested for this new
project and requested to give
preference to the residents of
nearby villages for job in the
company
The Environmental consultant on behalf of
company thanked Nambardar for his remarks
and for showing interest in coming up of the
project . He also assured that the local public will
be given preference during recruitment of the
staff.
4 Conclusion The public hearing held smoothly and ended with a vote of thanks to
the chair.
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6.2 RISK ASSESSMENT
Hazard analysis involves the identification and quantification of the various
hazards (unsafe conditions) thaï exist in the plant. On the other hand, risk
analysis deals with the identification and quantification of risks, the plant
equipment and personnel are exposed to, due to accidents resulting from the
hazards present in the plant.
Risk analysis involves the identification and assessment of risks to the
neighboring populations is exposed to as a result of hazards present. This requires an
assessment of failure probability, credible accident scenario, vulnerability of
population etc. Much of this information is difficult to get or generate. Consequently,
the risk analysis is often confined to maximum credible accident studies.
In the sections below, the identification of various hazards, probable risks involved
in the Chemical industry , maximum credible accident analysis, consequence
analysis are addressed which give a broad identification of risks involved in the
process. Based on the risk estimation for fuel and chemical storage, Disaster
Management Plan (DMP) has been prepared.
There is always possibility of occurrence of incidents in an industry which requires
proper Risk assessment and proper safety preparedness. Activities requiring
assessment of risk due to occurrence of most probable instances of hazard and
accident are both on site and off-site.
On-site
Exposure to fugitive dust, Chemicals , noise, and other emissions
Housekeeping practices requiring contact with solid and liquid wastes
Emission/spillage etc. from storage & handling
Off-site
Exposure to pollutants released from offsite/ storage/related activities
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Contamination due to accidental releases or normal release in combination with
natural hazard
Deposition of toxic pollutants in vegetation / other sinks and possible sudden
releases due to accidental occurrences
Risk Assessment is a 4 part process:
Hazard Identification
What chemicals are present & are they likely to be toxic
Exposure Assessment
Who is exposed, at what concentration, how often & for how long
Toxicity Assessment
How it is toxic and at what exposure levels
Risk Characterization
What does the risk assessment tell us about this
Baseline Data & Analysis
Risk assessment often requires the synthesis of risk profiles, which represent the
probability distribution of total annual loss due to a certain set of events or activities.
These assessments usually involve estimation of losses for several sub-classifications
of the overall process and synthesis of the results into an aggregate risk profile.
An important element of mitigation is emergency planning, i.e. identifying accident
possibility, assessing the consequences of such accidents and deciding on the
emergency procedures, both on site and off site that would need to be implemented in
the event of an emergency.
Impact of the project
Major risk involved in the Chemical industry are:
Fire in Electric Panels, Oil room and Chemical storage.
Waste treatment processes.
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Cleaning of barrels, which have held chemical substances.
Cable rooms, transformer, unit, auxiliary transformers, oil tanks, etc. within the plant
are the likely areas for which disaster management plan is to be made to deal with
any eventuality of fire. Stores, workshop, canteen and administrative building will be
included.
6.3 DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN
Definition
A major emergency in an activity/project is one which has the potential to cause
serious injury or loss of life. It may cause extensive damage to property and serious
disruption both inside and outside the activity/project. It would normally require the
assistance of emergency services to handle it effectively.
6.3.1 Scope
An important element of mitigation is emergency planning, i.e. identifying accident
possibility, assessing the consequences of such accidents and deciding on the
emergency procedures, both on site and off site that would need to be implemented in
the event of an emergency.
Emergency planning is just one aspect of safety and cannot be considered in isolation
from the proposed project and hence before starting to prepare the plan, works
management will ensure that the necessary standards, appropriate to safety
legislation, are in place.
66..33..22 Objective
The overall objectives of the emergency plan will be:
To localize the emergency and, eliminate it; and
To minimize the effects of the accident on people and property.
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Elimination will require prompt action by operations and works emergency staff
using, for example, fire–fighting equipment, water sprays etc.
Minimizing the effects may include rescue, first aid, evacuation, rehabilitation and
giving information promptly to people living nearby.
Identification of Hazards
The following types of hazards may be identified are:
Fire in Electric Panels, Oil room and chemical storage.
Waste treatment processes.
Cleaning of barrels, which have held chemical substances.
To deal the above emergencies, the Emergency Plan is prepared.
Safety Measures for Storage & Handling of Chemicals
The Chemicals will be directly fed to the bottling unit mechanically and no manual
handling will be involved which will reduce the risk of spillage in the storage area.
Following precautionary measures would be taken for safety:
HANDLING AND STORAGE : Keeping away from heat, sparks and open flame, care
will be taken for avoidance of spillage, skin and eye contact, well ventilation, Use of
approved respirator if air contamination is above acceptable level will be promoted.
For Storage and handling following precautions will be taken:
Keeping away from oxidizers, heat and flames.
Avoidance of plastics, rubber and coatings in the storage area.
Cool, dry, & ventilated storage and closed containers.
Grounding of the container and transferring of equipment to eliminate static
electric sparks.
In case of any emergency following measures would be taken:
First Aid Measures: For Skin contact, Eye contact, & Inhalation.
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Fire Fighting Measures:
Use of extinguishing media surrounding the fire as water, dry chemicals , Sand,
dolomite, etc.
Foam System for fire fighting will be provided to control fire from the chemical
storage tank. The foam thus produced will suppress fire by separating the chemical
from the air (oxygen), and hence avoiding the fire & explosion to occur in the tank.
Foam would blanket the fuel surface smothering the fire. The fuel will also be
cooled by the water content of the foam.
The foam blanket suppresses the release of flammable vapors that can mix with
the air.
Special Fire Fighting Procedures; Keeping the fire upwind. Shutting down of all
possible sources of ignition, keeping of run-off water out of sewers and water
sources. Avoidance of water in straight hose stream which will scatter and spread
fire. Use of spray or fog nozzles will be promoted, Cool containers will be exposed
to flames with water from the side until well after the fire is out.
ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES : For Spill Cleanup well Ventilation, Shutting off
or removal of all possible sources of ignition, absorbance of small quantities with
paper towels and evaporate in safe place like fume hood and burning of these towels
in a safe manner), Use of respiratory and/or liquid-contact protection by the Clean-
up personnel will be promoted.
6.4 Emergency Planning
General
Disaster Management Plan for an industrial unit is necessarily a combination of
various actions which are to be taken in a very short time but in a present sequence to
deal effectively and efficiently with any disaster, emergency or major accident with an
aim to keep the loss of men, material, plant/machinery etc. to the minimum.
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The main functions of the Disaster Management Cell are to prepare a detailed
Disaster Management Plan, which includes:
Identification of various types of expected disaster depending upon the type of
the industrial unit.
Identification of various groups, agencies, departments etc. necessary for
dealing with a specific disaster effectively.
Preparation – by intensive training of relevant teams/groups within the
organization to deal with a specific disaster and keep them in readiness.
Establishment of an early detection system for the disaster.
Development of a reliable instant information/communication system.
Organization and mobilization of all the concerned departments/ organizations
/ groups and agencies instantly when needed.
A major disaster that can be expected due to fire in this proposed distillery.
6.4.1 Emergency Planning for Disaster due to Fire
Cable rooms, transformer unit, auxiliary transformers, oil tanks, etc. within the plant
are the likely areas for which disaster management plan is to be made to deal with
any eventuality of fire. Stores, workshop, canteen and administrative building will be
included.
Classification of Fire
Class (A)
Fire involving combustible materials like wood, paper, cloth etc.
Class (B)
Fire due to liquid materials like oil, diesel, petroleum products and all inflammables.
Class (C)
Fires involving domestic and industrial gases like butane and propane etc.
Class (D)
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Metal fires etc.
Class (E)
Electrical fires due to short circuiting etc.
6.4.2 Need of Establishing a Fire Fighting Group
A small spark of fire may result into loss of machines and the damage by fire may high
economic losses. This type of losses can be avoided by preventing and controlling the
fire instantly for which fire–fighting group will be established.
Establish which would house and keep in readiness, the following types of equipment
and arrangements.
CO2 extinguishers
Dry powder chemical extinguishers
Foam extinguishers
80 mm. spray hoses
Fire brigade
Fire hydrant
Protocol (chemical to combat oil fires).
In order to avoid fire in cable galleries, all the power and control cables of FRLS type
(Fire Resistant Low Smoke) will be used.
6.4.3 Inspection
Fire alarm panel (electrical) will cover the entire plant. The inspection group will
periodically inspect fire extinguishers in fire stations and machines and other places.
The groups will display emergency telephone number boards at vital points. The
group will regularly carry out general inspection for fire.
6.4.4 Procedure for Extinguishing Fire
The following steps will be taken during a fire accident in the system:
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As soon as the message is received about fire, one of the systems will be diverted to
the place of the fire accident along with a staff member.
Simultaneously plant fire station will be informed by phone walkie for fire brigades
and fire stations of nearby area.
In the meanwhile, the pipe system will be operated to obtain maximum pressure on
output. In case cables are within the reach of fire, power supply will be tripped and
the cables shifted.
6.4.5 Fire Fighting with Water
Adequate and reliable arrangement is required for fighting the fire with water such
as:
1. Provision for Fire brigade and Fire hydrant.
2. Arrangement of pipelines along and around all vulnerable areas.
3. Provision of valves at appropriate points to enable supply of water at the
required place/area or divert the same to another direction/pipe line.
4. Provision of overhead tanks which will be providing with the water during
power failure and it would work by the gravitational force.
6.4.6 Sources of Water for Fire Fighting
The following two sources of water have been considered for firefighting:
Overhead Tank
Raw Water Reservoir
6.4.7 Fire Fighting with Fire Extinguishers
To deal with fire – other than carbonaceous fires, which can be deal with by water –
suitable fire extinguishers are required to do the job effectively. It is therefore,
necessary to keep adequate number of extinguishers in readiness at easily
approachable places. Adequate number of fire stations would be:
Further, other spray groups from the system will be diverted to the spot.
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In case of fire in the belt, belt will be cut near the burning portion to save the
remaining parts.
After extinguishing the fire, the area will be well prepared for reuse.
Foam System for firefighting will be provided to control fire from the alcohol
storage tank. The foam thus produced will suppress fire by separating the fuel
from the air (oxygen), and hence avoiding the fire & explosion to occur in the
tank. Foam would blanket the fuel surface smothering the fire. The fuel will also
be cooled by the water content of the foam.
The foam blanket suppresses the release of flammable vapors that can mix with
the air.
6.5 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT CELL
Apart from having an EMP, it is also necessary to have a permanent organizational set
up charged with the task of proposed plant will create a department consisting of
officers from various disciplines to co–ordinate the activities concerned with the
management and implementation of the environmental control measures.
Basically this department will undertake to monitor the environmental pollution
levels by measuring stack emissions, ambient air quality, water and effluent quality,
noise level etc. either departmentally or by appointing external agencies wherever
necessary.
In case the monitored results of environmental pollution are found exceeding the
allowable values, the environmental management cell will suggest remedial action
and get these suggestions implemented through the concerned plant authorities. The
actual operation and maintenance of pollution control equipment of each unit will be
under the respective plant managers.
The Environmental Management Cell (EMC) will handle of all the related activities
such as collection of statistics of health of workers and population of the region,
afforestation and green belt development.
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6.6 On–Site Emergency Plan
6.6.1 Introduction
The views of the possible hazards that can arise out of the daily operations in the
chemical industry, various measures are adopted to prevent the occurrence of a
major accident. This comprises of:
Built in safety measures, alarms, trips and interlocks etc.
Standard safe operating and maintenance procedures permit system etc.
Training of all the involved staff in normal and emergency operating
procedures.
Training of all employees in safety, fire fighting and first aid.
However, in spite of these precautions, it is required to foresee situation of major
accident and plan for taking timely action to minimize the effects of such incident on
the safety and health of persons working in the plant as well as those living around
the premises.
6.6.2 Preparation of Plan
Alarm System
A siren shall be provided under the control of Security office in the plant premises to
give warning. In case of emergencies this will be used on the instructions to shift in
charge that is positioned round the clock. The warning signal for emergency shall be
as follows:
Emergency Siren: Waxing and waning sound for 3 minutes.
All clear signal: Continuous siren for one minute.
Communication
Walkies & Talkies are located at strategic locations; internal telephone system
EPBX with external P&T telephones would be provided.
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6.6.3 Fire Protection System
Fire Fighting System
The fire protection system for the unit is to provide for early detection, alarm,
containment and suppression of fires. The fire detection and protection system has
been planned to meet the above objective an all–statutory and insurance requirement
of Tariff Advisory Committee (TAC) of India. The complete fire protection system will
comprise of the following.
(a) Fire brigade
Automatic / manual fire detection & alarm system
(b) Fire Hydrant
Fire hydrant will be provided at all around in the plant as per TAC Norms.
(c) Portable fire extinguishers
Various areas of the plant will have one or more of the above system depending upon
the particular nature of risk involved in that area.
(d) Portable Chemical Fire Extinguishers
These are intended as a first line of defense, and hence will be stationed at strategic
locations in different buildings and also for outdoor facilities. Portable fire
extinguishers will be foam type; carbon dioxide type and multipurpose dry chemical
(MPDC) type.
(e) Fire Detection and Alarm System
Fire detection and alarm system an effective means of detection, visual indication of
fire location and audible alarm of any fire at its incipient stage. This system will
comprise fire alarm panels, automatic fire detectors, manual call points and fire siren
(hooter).
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The main fire alarm panel will provide both visual and audible alarm of fire in any
protected areas of the plant.
Manual break glass type fire alarms will be provided at strategic locations where high
hazards exits. Automatic fire detectors will be provided for chemical handling areas
and in plant areas such as control rooms, switchgear rooms, cable galleries etc.
66..77 First Aid
A first aid centre with adequate facilities shall be provided. It shall be maintained
round the clock by a compounder cum dresser and a doctor. An Ambulance shall also
be provided at site to carry affected people to hospital.
6.8 Security
The security requirements of the company premises shall be taken care of by CSO
assisted by a Fire In charge. The team, apart from the normal security functions will
manage the role required during a disaster management operation as a part of the
crisis control team.
6.9 Safety
The safety wing led by a Safety Manager will meet the requirement of emergencies
round the clock. The required safety appliances shall be distributed at different
locations of the plant to meet any eventualities. Poster/placards reflecting safety
awareness will be placed at different locations in the plant area.
Key Personnel
The actions necessary in an emergency will clearly depend upon the prevailing
circumstances. Nevertheless, it is imperative that the required actions are initiated
and directed by nominated people, each having specified responsibilities as part of
coordinated plan. Such nominated personnel are known as Key Personnel. The
detailed on-site emergency plan presented in Figure No. 6.1. The Key Personnel are
Site Controller (SC)
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Incidental Controller (IC)
Liaison and Communication Officer (LCO)
Fire and Security Officer (FSO)
Team Leaders (TL)
Site Controller (SC)
In the emergency situation, decisions have to be taken which may affect the whole or
a substantial part of the plant and even places outside. Many of these decisions will be
taken in collaboration with the other officers at the plant and the staff. It is essential
that the authority to make decision be invested in one individual. In this plan, he is
referred to as the 'Site Controller'. The Plant Manager (however called) or his
nominated deputy will assume responsibility as SC.
Responsibilities of SC
On getting information about emergency, proceed to Main Control Centre;
Call in outside emergency services;
Take control of areas outside the plant, which are affected;
Maintain continuous communication, review situation and assess possible
course of events;
Direct evacuation of nearby settlements, if necessary;
Ensure that casualties are getting enough help;
Incident Controller (IC)
In the emergency situation, someone has to direct the operations in the plant area
and co-ordinate the actions of outside emergency services at the scene of incident.
The one who will shoulder this responsibility is known as 'Incident Controller' in this
plan. A Senior Operations Officer or an officer of similar rank of the unit may be
nominated to act as the IC.
Responsibilities of IC
Activate emergency procedure such as calling in various teams
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Direct all operations within plant with following priorities:
a) Control and contain emergency
b) Secure safety of personnel
c) Minimize damage to plant, property and the environment
d) Minimize loss of material
Direct rescue and repair activities
Guide fire-fighting teams
Arrange to search affected area and rescue trapped persons
Arrange to evacuate non-essential personnel to safe area/assembly point
Set up communications network and establish communication with SC
Arrange for additional help/equipment to key personnel of various teams
Consider need for preserving all records, information for subsequent enquiries
Liaison and Communication Officer (LCO)
Operations Officer or any other officer of deputy rank will work as LCO and will be
stationed at the main entrance during emergency to handle Police, Press and other
enquiries. He will maintain communication with the IC.
Responsibilities of LCO
To ensure that casualties receive adequate attention, arrange additional help if
required and inform relatives.
To control traffic movements into the plant and ensure that alternative
transport is available when need arises.
When emergency is prolonged, arrange for the relief of personnel and organize
refreshments/catering facility.
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Advise the Site Controller of the situation, recommending (if necessary)
evacuation of staff from assembly points.
Recruit suitable staff to act as runners between the Incident Controller and
himself if the telephone and other system of communication fail. Maintain contact
with congregation points
In case of a prolonged emergency involving risk to outside areas by windblown
materials contact local meteorological office to receive early notification of
changes in weather conditions
Fire and Safety officer (FSO)
The Fire and Safety Officer will be responsible for firefighting. On hearing the fire
alarm, he shall contact the fire station immediately and advise the security staff in the
plant and cancel the alarm. He will also announce on PAS (public Address System) or
convey through telephones or messengers to the SC, IC and LCO about the incident
zone. He will open the gates nearest to the incident and stand by to direct the
emergency services. He will also be responsible for isolation of equipment from the
affected zone.
Responsibilities of FSO
Announce over the PAS in which zone the incident has occurred and on the
advice of the Shift Officer informs the staff to evacuate the assembly
Inform the Shift Officer In-charge, if there is any large escape of products Call
out in the following order:
1) Incident Controller or his nominated deputy
2) Maintenance Officer
3) Personnel and Administrative Officer
4) Departmental Head in whose area the incident occurred
5) Team Leaders (TL)
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Team Leaders (TL)
A number of special activities may have to be carried out by specified personnel to
control as well as minimize the damage and loss. For this purpose designated teams
would be available. Each team will be headed by a Team Leader (TL). Following teams
are suggested
Repair Team
Fire Fighting Team
Communication Team
Security Team
Safety Team
Medical Team
Figure 6.2 On-Site Emergency plan
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Emergency Control Center
Provision is made to establish an Emergency Control Centre (ECC) from which
emergency operations are directed and coordinated. This centre is activated as soon
as on–site emergency is declared.
The ECC consists of one room, located in an area that offers minimal risk being
directly exposed to possible accidents.
During an emergency, the Emergency Management Staff, including the site controller
will gather in the ECC. Therefore, the ECC is equipped with adequate communication
systems in the form of telephones and other equipments to allow unhampered
organisations and other nearby facility personnel.
The ECC provides shelter to its occupants against the most common accidents; in
addition, the ECC’s communication systems are protected from possible shutdown.
The ECC has its own emergency lighting arrangement and electric communication
systems operation.
Only a limited and prearranged number of people are admitted to the ECC, when in
use. This eliminates unnecessary interference and reduces confusion.
The ECC is always ready for operation and provided with the equipment and supplies
necessary during the emergency such as:
Updated copies of the On–site Disaster Management Plan.
Emergency telephone numbers.
The names, phone number, and address of external agencies, response
organizations and neighbouring facilities.
The adequate number of telephone (more than two).
Emergency lights, Clocks, Personal protective equipment.
List of fire extinguishers with their type no. and location, capacity, etc.
Safety helmets – List of quantity & location.
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Status boards/message board.
Material safety data sheets for chemicals handled at the facility.
Several maps of the facility including drainage system for surrounding area
showing:
Areas where hazardous materials are stored.
Plot plans of storage tanks, routes of pipelines, all water permanent lines etc.
The locations where personal protective equipment are stored.
The position of pumping stations and other water sources.
Roads and plant entrances.
Assembly areas & layout of Hydrant lines.
6.10 COMMUNICATION EQUIPMENTS AND ALARM SYSTEMS
This kind of equipment is absolutely vital for notifying accident; make the emergency
known both inside and outside of the facility, and coordinating, the response actions
among the various groups involved in response operations.
In particular, this equipment is used to communicate within the facility; communicate
between the facility and outside organizations; and inform the public.
Different communications systems can vary in effectiveness, depending on the task.
The most common types installed in the plant are given below.
6.10.1 Sirens
These are audible alarm systems commonly used in facilities. In case of any
emergency siren will be operated short intermittently for 1.5 minutes.
An alarm does more than just emergency warning. It also instructs people to carry out
specific assignments, such as reach to assembly point for further instructions and
actions, or carry out protective measures; this can be achieved only if the people are
familiar with the alarm systems and are trained to respond to it.
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6.10.2 Personal Protective Equipments
This equipment is used mainly for three reasons; to protect personnel from a hazard
while performing rescue/accident control operations, to do maintenance and repair
work under hazardous conditions, and for escape purposes. The list of Personal
Protective Equipment provided at the facility and their locations are available in ECC.
Effective command and control accomplish these functions necessitates personal
trained in this On–site Disaster Management Plan with adequate facilities and
equipments and equipment to carry out their duties and functions. These
organizations and the facilities required to support their response are summarized in
the following subsections.
6.10.3 Procedure for Testing & Updating the Plan
Simulated emergency preparedness exercises and mock fire fighting exercises
including mutual aid scheme resources and in conservation with district emergency
authority to be carried out time to time.
6.10.4 Disclosure of Information to Worker & Public Awareness System in Existence
& Anticipated
Safety awareness among workers by conserving various training
programmes and Seminars, competition, slogans etc.
Practical exercise.
Distribution and practices of safety Instructions.
Safety Quiz contests.
Display of Safety Posters & Safety Slogans.
Developing Safety Instructions for every Job and ensuring these
instructions/booklets or manuals by the workers.
6.11 OFF-SITE EMERGENCY PLAN
Off-Site Emergency Planning
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The off-site emergency plan is an integral part of any hazard control system. It should
be based on those accidents identified by the works management, which could affect
people and the environment outside the works. Thus, the off-site plan follows
logically from the analysis that took place to provide the basis for the on-site plan and
the two plans should therefore complement each other. The key feature of a good off-
site emergency plan is flexibility in its application to emergencies other than those
specifically included in the formation of the plan.
The roles of the various parties that may be involved in the implementation of an off-
site plan are described below. The responsibility for the off-site plan will be likely to
rest either with the works management or with the local authority.
Either way, the plan must identify an emergency coordinating officer who would take
overall command of the off-site activities. An early decision will be required in many
cases on the advice to be given to people living “within range” of the accident – in
particular whether they should be evacuated or told to go indoors. Consideration of
evacuation may include the following factors:
(a) In the case of a major fire but without explosion risk (e.g. an oil storage tank),
only houses close to the fire are likely to need evacuation, although a severe
smoke hazard may require this to be reviewed periodically.
(b) But if the fire is escalating, it might be necessary to evacuate the people nearby,
but only if there is time; if insufficient time exists, people should be advised to
stay indoors and shield themselves from the fire.
Organization
Details of command structure, warning systems, implementation procedures,
emergency control centers Name and appointments of incident controller, site main
controller, their deputies and other key personnel.
Communications
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Identification of personnel involved, communication center, call signs, network, list of
telephone numbers.
Special Emergency Equipment
Details of availability and location of heavy lifting gear, specified fire-fighting
equipment, fireboats etc.
Voluntary Organizations
Details of organizers, telephone numbers, resources, etc.
Chemical information
Details of the hazardous substances, if any, stored or processed on each site and a
summary of the risks associated with them.
Meteorological information
Arrangements for obtaining details of weather conditions prevailing at the time and
weather forecasts.
Humanitarian Arrangements
Transport, evacuation centers, emergency feeding, treatment of injured, first aid,
ambulances, temporary mortuaries.
Public Information
Arrangements for
a) Dealing with the media-press office
b) Informing relatives, etc.
Assessment
Arrangements for
(a) Collecting information on the causes of the emergency
(b) Reviewing the efficiency and effectiveness of all aspects of the emergency plan.
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Figure 6.3-Off-site Emergency plan
Risk Reduction Measure
Based on hazard identification, consequence analysis and safety measures to be
adopted at the plant, following suggestions for improvement of safety at the plant are
emerged.
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For risk mitigation/reduction, attempts will be made to either reduce inventories that
could get released in the event of loss of containment of failure likelihood’s or both as
feasible. Risk analysis identifies the major risk contributors, which enables
prioritization of the plant that deserve special attention in terms of inspection and
maintenance in particular and over all safety management as a whole.
For the risk reduction at the proposed plant, the following salient suggestions and
recommendations are made:
A written process safety information document may be compiled for general use
Personnel especially contractor workers at the plant will be made aware about the
hazardous substance stored at the plant and risk associated with them
The process design information in the process safety information compilation would
include P&IDs /PFDs, process chemistry, maximum intended inventory, acceptable
upper and lower limits, pressures, flows and compositions and process design and
energy balances.
The document compilation would include an assessment of the hazards presented
including (i) toxicity information (ii) permissible exposure limits (iii) physical data
(iv) thermal and chemical stability data (v) reactivity data (vi) corrosivity data (vii)
information on process and mechanical design
The adequate numbers of heat, smoke, ammonia, chlorine detectors may be
provided at strategic locations in the plant and indication of detectors/sensors will
be provided in the main control room
Predictive and preventive maintenance schedule will be prepared for equipment;
piping, pumps etc. and thickness survey will be done periodically as per standard
practices
Safety measures in the form of DO and Don’t DO will be displayed at strategic
locations especially in Hindi and English language
Safe work practices will be developed to provide for the control of hazards during
operation and maintance
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Personnel engaged in handling of hazardous chemicals will be trained to respond in
an unlikely event of emergency
The plant will check and ensure that all instruments provided in the plant are in
good condition and documented
Safety aspect of the project
In the proposed plant, the principal safety hazard will be due to normal burns,
chemical burns, slips, falls, vehicle accidents, electrocution and shocks due to working
on high and extra high level voltage equipment and system, injuries due to machine
during operation and maintenance, head injury due to object falling from height,
boiler explosion due to flame out, seam burn due to leakage from pipeline at high
pressure, suffocation during working in confined spaces like tank and so on. Various
measures listed hereunder will be implemented to maintain safety of the plant and
personnel working there.
Handling of Hazards:
Personnel protective equipment used by the person during handling of hazardous
chemicals, will be replaced after certain time. Any spillage of hazardous chemicals
will be cleaned and disposed off as per standard practice. Empty drums of hazardous
chemicals will be neutralized immediately and Personnel engaged in handling of
hazardous chemicals will be made aware of properties of hazardous chemicals
Transportation of Hazardous Materials:
Spills of hazardous material, including oil , are the result of a combination of actions
and circumstances, all of which contribute in varying degree to the outcome. Most
spills from tankers result from routine operations such as loading, discharging and
bunkering, which normally occurs in ports, road etc. However, the majority of these
spills are small. Accidental causes such as groundings and collisions generally give
rise to much larger spills.
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Guidelines Principal:
Ensure that their operations, where applicable are in compliance with:
Recommendations on the transportation of dangerous Goods
Implement guidance for the prevention and consequence minimization of
catastrophic release of hazardous materials
Prepare a hazardous material transportation plan to transport hazardous
material
Information on the hazards and control measures at the time of emergency is
vital for minimizing the effect of such accidents and hence it will be available
with transporter. This module is intended to provide the first hand knowledge
about the hazard information system
Following information keeps ready with driver:
Hazardous information system, HAZCHEM
UN classification for hazard and substance identification
Responsibilities of consigner
Responsibilities of the transporter or owner of goods carriage
Details with driver for report to police station about accident
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Table 6.2
Details of hazardous Characteristics and toxicity of Raw material and products to which workers are exposed
Raw Materials Risk Involved Mitigation measures
1) PHPA (Para hydroxy phenyl
acetamide)
2) Epichlorohydrin
3) Mono isopropyl amine
4) Caustic Flakes
5) Activated Carbon
6) Hydrochloric acid
7) Sodium Carbonate
Very hazardous in case of eye
contact, ingestion.
Hazardous in case of skin contact
Severe over-exposure can result in
death
Inflammation of the eye
characterized by redness,
watering,
and itching.
In case of skin contact, immediately
flush skin with plenty of water.
Cover the irritated skin with an
emollient. Remove contaminated
clothing and shoes.
Wash clothing & shoes before
reuse.
Wash the skin with a disinfectant
soap and cover the contaminated
skin with an anti-bacterial cream.
Get medical attention.
Check for and remove any contact
lenses. In case of contact,
immediately flush eyes with plenty
of water for at least 15 minutes. Get
medical attention.
Do not induce vomiting unless
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directed to do so by medical
personnel. Never give anything by
mouth to an unconscious person. If
large quantities of this
material are swallowed, call a
physician immediately. Loosen
tight clothing such as a collar, tie,
belt or waistband.
If inhaled, remove to fresh air. If
not breathing, give artificial
respiration. If breathing is difficult,
give oxygen. Get medical attention
if symptoms appear.
8) Methanol
9) Acetone
10) 2-Ethyl Hexanoic Acid
11) HMDS
12) Aluminum Chloride
13) Sodium Sulphate
14) Pen-G-K
15) Potassium Carbonate
16) 6-Amino Pencillinic Acid
Very hazardous in case of skin
contact, eye contact, ingestion.
Slightly hazardous in case of
inhalation (lung sensitizer)
If inhaled, keep patient calm,
remove to fresh air, seek medical
attention.
On skin contact, immediately wash
thoroughly with soap and water,
seek medical attention.
On contact with eyes, immediately
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17) Triethyl Amine wash affected eyes for at least 15
minutes under running water with
eyelids held open, consult an eye
specialist.
On ingestion, rinse mouth
immediately and then drink plenty
of water, seek medical attention.
Prevent electrostatic charge-
sources of ignition should be kept
well clear-fire extinguishers should
be kept handy.
18) Ethyl Acetate
19) MDC
20) 2- Ethyl sodium Hexanote
21) 7-ADCA
22) Acetamide
23) PG-Dane Salt
24) Ammonia Hydroxide
25) N-(p-fluoromethoxy phenyl
acetamide)
26) TIOC
27) Nitric Acid
28) Sulphonyl Chloride
29) 2,3,4 Trifluoro nitro Benzene
Inhalation causes severe irritation
to the respiratory tract.
Toxic effects parallel those of
inhalation
May be fatal if swallowed.
Causes severe irritation, possibly
burns to the skin.
Vapors cause eye irritation.
Splashes
cause severe irritation, possible
Immediately remove contaminated
clothing. If danger of loss of
consciousness, place patient in
recovery position and transport
accordingly. Apply artificial
respiration if necessary. First aid
personnel should pay attention to
their own safety.
If inhaled, keep patient calm,
remove to fresh air, seek medical
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30) Potassium Hydroxide
31) Potassium Iodide
32) Acetic Acid
33) N-Methyl Piperazine
34) Ethanol
corneal burns and eye damage. attention.
On skin contact, immediately wash
thoroughly with soap and water,
seek medical attention.
On contact with eyes, immediately
wash affected eyes for at least
15 minutes under running water
with eyelids held open, consult an
eye specialist.
On ingestion, rinse mouth
immediately and then drink plenty
of water, seek medical attention.
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Table No. 6.3: Details of Occupational Health Hazards
Type of
Activity
Risk Involved Mitigation
measures
During
Production
Handling operation for Transfer, Charging of Raw Materials and Final Product
Spillages/leakages
Regular inspection & maintenance of all process equipment
Proper collection system will be provided for the leakage & spillage collection of acids by preparing dyke wall & acid proof RCC flooring with spillage collection tank
Management ensure proper usage of PPE’s
Process area having proper RCC flooring
Adequate ventilation is provided
at top of roof
During
Packing
Spillages / Leakages Inhalation
Ensure good quality packing material.
Proper PPE’s should be provided to the work force.
Packing area should be well ventilated & illumination should be kept high
Store product in original
containers & clearly labeled
During Handling and charging of Liquid & Solid
Material
Spillages / Leakages Skin & eye irritation Inhalation
Powder material allowed in a vessel through closed loop while liquid material charged through pipeline.
Proper collection system is provided for the leakage & spillage of hazardous chemical by preparing dyke wall & acid proof RCC flooring with spillage collection tank.
Loading & Unloading equipments inspected & maintained regularly.
The cargo tank motor vehicles as
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well as their attachments including the hose pipes used for loading and unloading the acid are inspected.
External and internal visual inspections, leakage and pressure tests are conducted.
Adequate PPE’s provided to all employee.
Work job training is given to employee.
Adequate ventilator is provided on top of roof.
Material Safety Data Sheet of all raw materials & products is available & work force aware of its nature.
6.12 CHECKLIST IN THE FORM OF DO’S & DON’TS OF PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE, STRENGTHENING OF HSE, MFG. UTILITY STAFF FOR SAFETY RELATED MEASURES.
Table No 6.4.: Checklist of Do’s & Don’ts
Activity Do’s Don’t s
Manufacturing
process
Housekeeping of the plant is as per the prescribed norms. Floors, Platforms, staircases and passages are kept free from any
obstruction
Don’t put any raw material /maintenance part other than its
specified place.
All hazardous operations are explained to the workers. They are periodically trained on the hazardous processes.
Don’t use unskilled
man power
All the equipments of the plants are periodically tested as per standard and results are documented. All equipments undergo preventive maintenance schedule.
--
All pump motors are earthen --
Ensure proper usage of PPE’s Don’t allow workers
without PPE’s
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Transportation of
raw material
The driver should be aware with the nature of the material and the hazards involved and trained to handle the emergency
situation
Don't expose chemicals to moisture or heat during
transportation
The vehicles used for transporting hazardous materials should follow the applicable guidelines given in The Motor
Vehicles Act.
Don’t use untrained
driver
Charging solid material
Charging of solid material by closed loop system
only
Don’t charge directly
Wear dust mask & gloves --
Transfer the minimum quantity of material as
per requirement
Don’t transfer excess
quantity
Charging liquid
material
Charging of liquid material by pipeline only. Don’t put gaseous cylinder near reaction area
Stored material Proper labeling should be done --
Keep all stored chemicals especially flammable liquids, away from heat and direct sunlight
Don’t store in open
space
Temperature and pressure instrumentation
Calibrate at every six month and maintain
records.
--
Employee
working
Monthly health inspection shall be carried out
and maintain its records
--
6.13 RAIN WATER HARVESTING PLAN
The storm water disposal system for the premises shall be self-sufficient to
avoid any collection/stagnation and flooding of water. Storm water drainage
plan of the project is enclosed. The amount of storm water run-off depends upon
many factors such as intensity and duration of precipitation, characteristics of
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the tributary area and the time required for such flow to reach the drains.
Toxic effluent may go in the ground water due to mistake/mishap along with
rain water from road and road side area therefore keeping in view the fear of
ground water pollution only collection of rain water from the roof top area to
avoid any contamination has been plan... Storm water from various rooftop and
green belt area /shall be connected to adjacent drain by a pipe through catch
basins. Therefore, it has been calculated to provide maximum two rainwater
harvesting pits at selected locations, which will catch the maximum run-off
from the rooftop and green belt area.
Since the existing topography is congenial to surface disposal, a network of
storm water pipe drains is planned adjacent to roads. All building roof water
will be brought down through rain water pipes.
Proposed storm water system consists of pipe drain, catch basins and seepage
pits at regular intervals for rain water harvesting and ground water recharging.
Peak Hourly rainfall of 48mm/hr shall be considered for designing the storm
water drainage system. Rain water harvesting has been catered to and
designed as per the guideline of CGWA. The ground water level in the area is
18 meters bgl. The bottom of the recharge structure will be kept 3 m above
this level. At the bottom of the recharge well, a filter media is provided to
avoid choking of the recharge bore. Design specifications of the rain water
harvesting plan are as follows:
Catchments/roofs would be accessible for regular cleaning.
The roof will have smooth, hard and dense surface which is less likely to be
damaged allowing release of material into the water. Roof painting has been
avoided since most paints contain toxic substances and may peel off.
All gutter ends will be fitted with a wire mesh screen and a first flush device
would be installed. Most of the debris carried by the water from the rooftop
like leaves, plastic bags and paper pieces will get arrested by the mesh at the
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terrace outlet and to prevent contamination by ensuring that the runoff from
the first 10-20 minutes of rainfall is flushed off.
No sewage or wastewater would be admitted into the system.
No wastewater from areas likely to have oil, grease, or other pollutants has
been connected to the system
Table 6.5 –RWH Details
S.No. Particulars Catchment Area
In m2
Run off
Coefficient
Rainfall
Intensity in mm
Discharge (m3/hr)
1. Rooftop area 1904 0.8 45 68-54
2. Green area 2045 0.2 45 18.40
Total Runoff 86.94
Taking 15 minutes retention time, total volume of storm water
= 86.94 × 0.25 = 21.74 m3
Taking the effective diameter and depth of a Recharge pit 3 m and 3 m respectively,
Volume of a single Recharge pit (πr2h) = 3.14 × 1.5 × 1.5 × 3= 21.18 m3
Hence No. of pits required = 21.78 /21.18 = 1. 03 ~ 1 Pit
6.14 Air Quality Models
ISCST3 Dispersion Model
The Industrial Source Complex (ISC) Short Term model provides options to model
emissions from a wide range of sources that might be present at a typical industrial
source complex. ISCST3 is US-EPA approved model to predict the air quality. The
model uses urban dispersion and regulatory defaults options as per guidelines on air
quality models (PROBES/70/1997-1998). Emission sources are categorized into four
basic types of sources, i.e., point sources, volume sources, area sources, and open pit
sources. The volume source option and the area source option may also be used to
simulate line sources. The model assumes receptors on flat terrain. The ISC short
term area source model is based on a numerical integration over the area in the
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upwind and cross wind directions of Gaussian plume formula. This can be applied to
the Point, Area, Line or Volume sources simultaneously and their resultant
incremental concentration of the pollutant can be predicted.
Model Options Used For Computations
The options used for short-term computations are:
• The plume rise is estimated by Briggs formulae, but the final rise is always limited
to that of the mixing layer;
• Stack tip down-wash is not considered;
• Buoyancy Induced Dispersion is used to describe the increase in plume dispersion
during the ascension phase;
• Calms processing routine is used by default;
• Flat terrain is used for computations;
• It is assumed that the pollutants do not undergo any physio-chemical
transformation and that there is no pollutant removal by dry deposition;
• Washout by rain is not considered; and
• Cartesian co-ordinate system has been used for computations with 100 m grid
interval.
Gaussian Plume Model
Ground Level Concentration () from a point source at any receptor is given by
(USEPA ISCST3, 1987).
= Qg1g2
where, g1 = exp(-y2/2y2) g2 = exp[-(z-H)2/2z2] + exp[-(z+H)2/2z2] Q = source strength Z = receptor height above the ground He = effective stack height (Plume rise + Physical stack height) u = wind speed at stack level y & z = dispersion parameters
Figure 6.4 – Gaussian Plume Model
(2 y zu)
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Dispersion Parameters
Dispersion parameters y and z for urban diffusion are used as the project is
located on a flat terrain in an rural area. Atmospheric dispersion coefficients
vary with downwind distance (x) from emission sources for different
atmospheric stability conditions.
Table 6.6
Dispersion parameters as per stability class (Urban Area)
Stability Class y
z
A 0.22x(1+0.0001x)-.5 0.20x
B 0.16x(1+0.0001x)-.5 0.12x
C 0.11x(1+0.0001x)-.5 0.08x(1+0.0002x).5
D 0.08x(1+0.0001x)-.5 0.06(1+0.0015x).5
E 0.06x(1+0.0001x)-.5 0.03x(1+0.0003x)-1
F 0.04x(1+0.0001x)-.5 0.16x(1+0.0003x)-1
Plume Rise
Plume rise h has been determined according to Brigg’s formula (CPCB
guideline)
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h = 21.425 F3 4 for F<55
Us
h = 38.71 F3 5 for F>55
Us
F = g VsD2 (Ts-Ta)/4Ts Where Us = wind speed at stack level (m/s) Vs = stack gas velocity (m/s) Ts = stack gas temperature (0K) Ta = ambient temperature (0K) F = Buoyancy flux parameter (m4/s3) h = Plume rise (m) D = Diameter of the stack (m) g = acceleration due to gravity, 9.807 (m/s2)
Model Setup
Calculation of Stack Height
There are two main sources of gaseous emission from the proposed plant wiz. Boiler
(2 TPH, Biomass based) and two DG Sets of 250 KVA and 125KVA capacity having
same stack. The calculation of stack height for each of these emission sources is as
follow –
Boiler Stack Height
For the small boilers, the required stack height with the boiler shall be
calculated by using the formula given below. In no case the stack height shall be less
than 11 meters.
Where,
h = height of stack, m
Q = SO2 emission rate in kg/hr
DG Set Stack Height
Two DG Sets of 250 KVA and 125 KVA capacity having same stack has been proposed
for power back during power outage. The emission from DG sets depends on physical
parameter of stacks including height of stack and diameter of stack. CPCB has
prescribed guidelines for calculation for DG set stack height, which is calculated by
the formula –
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h C
Where,
h = height of DG set stack, m
H = Height of Building, 15 m
C = Capacity of DG Set, kva
Table 6.7 – Calculation of DG Set Stack Height
Source Capacity Calculated
Stack Height (m)
Proposed Stack Height
(m)
Boiler 2 TPH 3.17 30 DG Set 375 KVA 18.87 19
Emissions from DG Set and Boiler
The details of source parameters, calculated emission rates from DG Set and Boiler
based on CPCB guidelines are presented in the Table 3.
Table 6.8 – Source Parameter
Location Capacity Stack
Diameter (m)
Flow Rate*
(Nm3/hr)
Exit Gas Temp.*
(oC)
Emission Rates (g/s)
SO2 NOX PM10
Boiler 2 TPH 0.6 17.437 115 0.00193 0.00217 0.00072 DG Set 375 KVA 0.2 18.427 56 0.124 0.021 0.025
(*Source-Information provided by the clients)
6.15 Results
ISCST3 Model Results
The ISCST3 model was setup to predict the cumulative maximum ground level
concentration of SO2, NOx and PM10 generated due to operation of Boiler and DG Set
at the plant location. Point sources resembling stacks at location of proposed sources
were fixed. Receptors were fixed at baseline monitoring stations. The model was run
for following two scenarios –
1. Normal Scenario - 2-hour operation of DG sets and 24-hour operation of boiler
2. Emergency Scenario - 24-hour operation of DG sets and 24-hour operation of
boiler
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The predicted maximum incremental GLC (24-hour average) of SO2, NOx and PM10 in
normal scenario was found as 3.594µg/m³, 0.608µg/m³ and 0.724µg/m³
respectively. The maximum predicted incremental GLC (24-hour average) of SO2,
NOx and PM10 in emergency scenario are found as 14.810µg/m³, 2.534µg/m³ and
2.989µg/m³ respectively. The spatial distribution of SO2, NOx and PM10 GLC in 10km
study area is presented in Figure 2 to 7. The predicted 24-hourly maximum ground
level concentrations during both normal and emergency scenarios at baseline air
quality monitoring locations are presented in Table 4 and Table 5, respectively.
Table 6.9 – Predicted GLC of PM10 at Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Stations
(Normal Scenario)
Village
Max Baseline Conc.
(µg/m3) Predicted GLC (µg/m3)
Cumulative GLC
(µg/m3)
SO2 NOX PM10 SO2 NOX PM10 SO2 NOX PM10
Project site 8.89 17.40 64.45 0.136 0.0241 0.027 9.026 17.424 64.477
Village
Mirpur 7.98 16.90 61.91 0 0 0 7.980 16.900 61.910
Village
Mantawala 9.56 19.76 63.56 0.001 0 0.001 9.561 19.760 63.561
Village
Khatauli 10.32 17.10 63.10 0 0 0 10.320 17.100 63.100
Village
Sultanpur 9.58 19.58 60.56 0.010 0.002 0.002 9.590 19.582 60.562
Bir da Drala
PF 9.57 16.88 63.56 0.002 0.011 0.001 9.572 16.891 63.561
Table 6.10 – Predicted GLC of PM10 at Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Stations
(Emergency Scenario)
Village
Max Baseline Conc.
(µg/m3)
Predicted GLC
(µg/m3) Cumulative GLC (µg/m3)
SO2 NOX PM10 SO2 NOX PM10 SO2 NOX PM10
Project site 8.89 17.40 64.45 0.668 0.118 0.114 9.558 17.518 64.564
Village 7.98 16.90 61.91 0.054 0.009 0.011 8.034 16.909 61.921
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Mirpur
Village
Mantawala 9.56 19.76 63.56 0.010 0.001 0.002 9.570 19.761 63.562
Village
Khatauli 10.32 17.10 63.10 0.001 0 0 10.321 17.100 63.100
Village
Sultanpur 9.58 19.58 60.56 0.081 0.498 0.016 9.661 20.078 60.576
Bir da Drala
PF 9.57 16.88 63.56 0.018 0.014 0.003 9.588 16.894 63.563
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Figure 6.5 – Spatial distribution of predicted GLCs of SO2 (Normal Scenario)
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Figure 6.6 – Spatial distribution of predicted GLCs of NOX (Normal Scenario)
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Figure 6.7 – Spatial distribution of predicted GLCs of PM10 (Normal Scenario)
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Figure 6.8 – Spatial distribution of predicted GLCs of SO2 (Emergency Scenario)
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Figure 6.9 – Spatial distribution of predicted GLCs of NOX (Emergency Scenario)
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Figure 6.10 – Spatial distribution of predicted GLCs of PM10 (Emergency Scenario)
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CHAPTER - 7
PROJECT BENEFITS
7.1 INTRODUCTION
S.K. Solvochem has proposed to produce bulk drugs at Village- Nimbua, Tehsil Dera
Bassi, Distt. Mohali, Punjab over an area of about 63900 feet2. The production capacity
is about 1500 MT/year. As per EIA Notification dated 14th September 2006, this
project falls under Category “B” Project or Activity-5 (f), as the project is located in a
notified industrial estate, but it fulfill general condition as mentioned in EIA
notification, 2006 (Punjab- Haryana interstate Boundary within 10 Km of the project
site), therefore this project requires Environmental Clearance from MoEF, New Delhi
under category ‘A’. The following benefits are expected due to the implementation of
the said project:
1) The easy availability of infrastructure, man power, raw materials will reduce
the production cost as well as demand supply gap. The same will bring revenue
to the state exchequer by way of Duties and Taxes.
2) The development of green belt in and around the plant premises will
improve on the aesthetics of the area. Moreover, it will help in reducing the
noise levels within the plant boundary.
3) The setting up of the proposed plant will help in providing employment to local
people.
4) There will be an increase in indirect employment & earnings of the small time
shop owners like tea vendors, transporters, etc.
5) The implementation of Rain Water Harvesting Scheme will help in increasing
the ground water level of the area.
The Project proponent has planned to contribute in socio-economic development of
the area and will organize Blood donation camps, Education Programmes, Health
camps, Health awareness programmes etc. and will continue to do so.
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7.2 Corporate Social Responsibility
Corporate social responsibility is the commitment of businesses to contribute to
sustainable economic development by working with the employees, their families,
local community & society at large to improve their lives in ways that are good for
business as well as overall development. It is a voluntary activity of a company that
supports social interests & environmental issues. It is a principle through which the
business houses contribute to the welfare of the society & not only maximize their
profits. CSR, in fact, is about business giving back to the society.
Some of the CSR related activities are summarized as follows:-
(i) Sustainable livelihood creation – Promoting micro entrepreneurship through
skills development, market linkages & women’s economic empowerment.
(ii) Education – Setting up schools, colleges curriculum development, teacher
training & community involvement.
(iii) Health care – Healthcare awareness camps & setting up hospitals &
dispensaries in areas where these are deficient and arranging equipment
needed by the patients if any. Providing free treatment to poor patients in
Hospitals, specially for life threatening diseases, as per recommendation of the
Hospital authorities.
(iv) Community initiative – Need based services, project/programs for
disadvantage youth, illiterate adults, socially & economically deprived sections
of the society & women self help groups.
(v) Rural development – Water management, housing, sheds, waste land,
agriculture & animal husbandry, genetic improvement & model village
development with all basic amenities.
(vi) Infrastructure developments – Roads, drinking water & sanitation etc.
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Keeping in view the above the company proposes to set aside 5% of the cost of the
Project for activities under CSR and creates a corpus for the same. The activities shall
be maintained from the interest of the corpus throughout the life of the project.
Table 7.1 : Corporate Responsibility for Environmental Protection (CREP)
S.No. CREP Point Status
1. Segregation of waste streams: Waste streams
should be segregated into high COD waste toxic
waste, low COD waste, inorganic waste etc, for the
purpose of providing appropriate treatment.
The Company proposes to
Install a Zero Discharge ETP
Plant comprising of Primary
Treatment , Multi Effect
Evaporator, Biological
Treatment, Tertiary
Treatment , Reverse
Osmosis so that there will
be no discharge out of
premises.
After the primary treatment,
effluent is passed through
Evaporator process to
reduce BOD and COD. High
TDS Effluent from primary
clarifier enters in the
Evaporator process here
condensation of effluent
take place. Condensate
effluent with low TDS sent
to the aeration tank and left
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residues disposed off at
TSDF site.
2. Detoxification and treatment of high COD waste
streams: High COD streams should be detoxified
and treated in XTP or thermally destroyed in
incinerator
The Conc. From Evaporator
will be sent to Common
Hazard Waste Disposal site
at Nimbua and condensate
from Evaporator will be
treated, thus no effluent
discharge.
3. Management of solid waste: Proper facilities should
be provided for handling and storage of hazardous
waste. For final disposal of hazardous waste,
recycling and reuse should be given priority, either
within the premises or outside with proper manifest
system. In case of incinerable waste, property
designed incinerator should be installed within the
premises or outside as a common facility. The non-
incinerable hazardous waste should be disposed of
in properly designed secure landfill either within
the industry’s premises or in a common facility
Hazardous waste will be
stored in a separate room
available for STORAGE OF
HAZARDOUS WASTE ONLY
and the same will be finally
disposed to authorize TSDF
/ CHW disposal facility.
4. Minimum scale of production to afford cost of
pollution control: For new industries which are not
connected with CETP & TSDF and which do not have
the economics to install treatment facilities may not
be considered for granting consent to
establishment. Industry association shall submit
Industry will install a ZERO
DISCHARGE EFFLUENT
Cum Sewage Treatment
Plant for the treatment
generated waste water and
same will be recyle after the
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proposal to SPCB/CPCB treatment in the various
stream.
Industry has already
submitted the
proposal/application form
consent to establish/NOC
for the installation of ETP
cum STP
5. Long term strategies for reduction in waste:
Consent for establishment and consent for
operation under the Water Act will be based on
pollution load and concentration of pollutants. Each
industry will submit pollution load, concentration of
final discharge along with water balance to
SPCB/CPCB for formulation of strategy
A proposal for the waste
water treatment along with
characteristic of input
waste water and the
characteristic of out-put
water has submitted to the
PPCB
6. Control of air pollution: Industry will take up in
priority the control of hazardous air pollutants
(such as benzene carbon tetrachloride 1-4 diocane,
methanol, toluene, methyl chloride etc) and odorous
compounds (mercaptan & hydrogen sulphide)
Benzene, Mercaptan &
hydrogen sulphide will not
be used at site.
Air pollution control
measures will be installed
for effective control of Air
pollution.
7. Self – regulation by Industry through regular
monitoring and environmental auditing: Industries
on their will carry out monitoring environmental
parameters, audit it at regular interval and submit
the same to SPCB.
Industry will regularly
monitor all the
environmental control
devices and the parameter
of water and air to avoid
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any contamination of the
atmosphere
8. Organizational restructuring and accreditation of
Environmental Manager of Industry: – Environment
management cell will be created for each industry
reporting to CEO directly. – There should be a
certification system for the environmental
managers at individual level and common facility
level
Separate Environmental,
Health and Safety
Department will be place
headed by a senior officer
for the complete study of
EMP. The head of EHS will
reports to the senior
management of the
organization.
9. Optimizing the inventory of hazardous chemicals:
The Information shall be submitted to SPCB
regularly along with rational action plan to be
submitted to SPCB.
Industry will maintain
record / inventory of
hazardous waste generation
and shifting to CHWTSDF
and same will be submitted
to the PPCB
7.3 Conclusion
The management will recruit the semi-skilled, unskilled workers from the nearby
villagers. The project activity and the management will definitely support the local
Panchayat and provide other form of assistance for the development of public
amenities in this region. The company management will contribute to the local
schools, dispensaries for the welfare of the villagers. Green belt
development/plantation will be taken around the plant premises. Rain water
harvesting will also be done to improve ground water level.
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CHAPTER-8
ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN
8.1 INTRODUCTION
Any industrial development is associated with certain positive impacts as well
as some negative impacts on the environment. However, the negative or
adverse impacts cannot possibly rule out scientific development. At the same
time adverse impacts cannot be neglected.
An Environmental Management Plan shall be formulated for mitigation of the
adverse impacts and is based on the present environmental conditions and the
environmental impact appraisal. T h i s plan helps in formulation,
implementation and monitoring of the environmental parameters during and
after commissioning of the project.
The Environmental Management Plan describes in brief, the management's plan
for proper and adequate implementation of treatment and control system for air and
liquid pollutants and for maintaining the environment. It also includes the
development of green belts in and around the plant, proper safety of the
workers, noise control, fire protection systems and measures.
8.2 ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT POLICY
The Company is very much oblivious of its responsibility in protecting the
Environment. Thus various mitigation measures as given in the report shall be taken-
up and effort will be made to nullify the effect of the Project, on the Environment, if
any. Any action or effort remains incomplete, if it is not monitored properly at regular
intervals and corrective measures taken, wherever necessary. Regular monitoring has
thus, been provided. The Company has a well defined policy to keep the Environment
clean. The Board of Directors has decided that all effective steps shall be taken to
prevent deterioration of the existing Environment. They have formed an Environment
Committee committed for this cause. The Committee will consist of following
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persons:-
(i) General Manager
(ii) Manager Operations
(iii) Maintenance Engineer
(iv) Supervisor - Incharge of ETP & APCD
8.3 MONITORING AND RESPONSIBILITIES:
(a) For Water Environment
The supervisor shall visit and check the devices daily. He will see that the STP is
working properly and flow measurements are recorded properly in a register.
The effluent from the STP shall be got checked by him in the Laboratory once a
week. Any parameter going out of the prescribed limits will be reported to the
General Manager for taking corrective action. He will pursue the matter at personal
level to bring the parameters within permissible limits.
The General Manager will keep in touch with the Environmental Consultant and
seek their guidance for corrective action as and when required.
The Committee shall meet once every month to ensure implementation of the
programme.
The General Manager will bring to the notice of the Managing Director any further
action to be taken to ensure environmental requirements. The Managing Director
will report to the Board of Directors, the action taken to set right deficiency, if any.
(b) For Air Environment
The supervisor will ensure that the APCD provided are functional at all times. Air
emissions from the stack will be got checked by him once a month from a
Laboratory to see that the limits of the various parameters are not exceeded. In case
of any deviation noticed, he will inform the General Manager to take corrective
action.
The supervisor will ensure that the water is sprinkled on roads whenever
transportation of material is to be done to and from the factory premises in trucks.
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The General Manager will ensure that all the vehicles coming to the premises have
PUC Certificates and they do not blow horn unnecessarily within the premises.
The Manager Operations will ensure that the transportation of raw materials and
finished goods is done in trucks covered with Tarpaulins.
The Board of Directors will discuss at frequent intervals & see that the environmental
policy laid-down by them, is followed meticulously by all persons in the Unit and the
Environment is within the prescribed limits.
Figure 8.1
Environmental Management Cell
Director
General Manager
Officer- EHS
Chemist
ETP Operator
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The main aims under the said Policy are to:
Effectively manage, monitor, improve and communicate the environmental
performance.
Take all reasonable steps to prevent pollution.
Set realistic and measurable objectives and targets for continual
improvement of the environmental performance.
Comply fully with all relevant legal requirements, codes of practice and
regulations.
Reduce, recycle and reuse natural resources.
Minimize waste and increase recycling within the framework of waste
management procedures.
Identify and manage environmental risks and hazards.
The project proponent shall regularly review this policy and ensure that
corrective and preventative actions are taken in order to ensure continual
improvement.
To treat all the pollutants viz. liquid and gaseous, which contribute to the
degradation of the environment, with appropriate technologies.
To comply with all regulations stipulated by the Central / State Pollution
Control Boards related to air emissions and liquid effluent discharge as per air
and water pollution control laws.
To handle hazardous wastes as per the Hazardous Waste (Management &
Handling Rules), 2009 of the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986.
To encourage support and conduct developmental work for the purpose of
achieving environmental standards and to improve the methods of
environmental management.
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To create good working conditions (devoid of air and noise pollution) for
employees.
To minimize fire and accident hazards.
Perspective budgeting and allocation of funds for environment management
expenditure.
Preventive maintenance and regular checking of machineries and equipments.
To make continuous efforts in waste minimization.
For the equipments and pipelines, leakage detection and repair shall be
scheduled to minimize fugitive emissions.
Continuous efforts with energy audits for the reduction of fuel and energy
consumption.
8.3 AIR ENVIRONMENT
The project proponent shall take care of the pollution generated from their unit and
use appropriate methods of control like:
Control at source for minimizing air pollution.
Greenbelt development around the estate to reduce odor and noise pollution
Regular maintenance of machineries and equipments
During Construction phase:
Provision shall be made for sprinkling of water on loose soil to avoid dust
generation. The debris and unutilized construction material from the
construction site shall be removed immediately to recycle within the project so
that no dust nuisance is generated due to wind.
Construction Activities, if any, shall not be allowed at night. The mitigation
measures shall include regular maintenance of machinery and provision of personal
protective equipments to workers where needed.
M/s. S.K. Solvochem Pvt. Ltd. Village: Nimbua, Tehsil: Dera Bassi Dist: Mohali, Punjab
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The following mitigation measures however can be suggested to control the
ambient air quality:
Proper maintenance of roads in and around the proposed site.
Water spraying on roads should be done regularly.
Plugging all leakages and enclosing storage and material handling systems
and its effective maintenance.
Development and maintenance of green belt to attenuate the pollutants
emitted from the industrial area.
Ambient air quality and stack & fugitive emissions should be monitored
regularly to check the performance of the pollution control systems.
Plantation shall be done along the roadside to mitigate the fugitive emissions.
8.4.1 Flue Gas Emission/Fugitive Emission Control
The volatile matters getting released from the storage tanks, process piping, reactors,
fuel storage & combustion will be handled by various preventive measures
mentioned below:
1. Each & Every process emission will be passed through scrubber and finally
released in to atmosphere through adequately designed stack height.
2. Preventive maintenance will be done so as to prevent any leakage and spillage and
thereby reducing the fugitive emission sources.
3. Storage tank will be provided with level gauge, dyke wall, automated loading and
unloading for the chemicals to avoid human contact.
4. All storage tanks will be designed and placed according to the Industrial Safety &
Health Department.
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Figure 8.2 : Scrubber for Flue Gas Emission/Fugitive Emission Control
8.5 WATER ENVIRONMENT
During construction/building modification, provision for infra-structural services
including water supply, sewage, drainage facilities and electrification will be made.
The construction site would be provided with suitable sanitation facilities for
the workers to allow proper standards of hygiene. These facilities would be
connected to a septic tank and maintained to ensure minimum impact on the
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environment. The total water requirement of proposed site shall be met from the
Tube well supply.
The following measures are suggested to be adopted for efficient water
management in the proposed site:
Rainwater harvesting is recommended.
The sources of sewage water are office toilets and canteen which is disposed
off in to Soak Pit / Septic Tank system.
Reduce and eliminate the water leakages in the pipes, bends, etc.
Recycle the Boiler Condensate / Cooling Water.
8.6 LAND ENVIRONMENT
To avoid erosion of the top soil the development is planned in the shortest possible
time and land-clearing activity shall be kept to the absolute minimum by working at
the specific sites one by one where construction is to take place so as to increase
detention and infiltration.
Natural waterways/drainage pattern shall be maintained by providing culverts
where needed.
The requirements of sand and aggregates for the construction works will be met
through venders. The land use is thus so planned that there is minimum adverse
impact.
8.7 Solid Waste
The solid waste generated from the construction activities shall be effectively
recycled within the project.
The other solid wastes from the Air Pollution Control Device shall be dumped in
a dumping pit of R.C.C. and disposed off in the designated land fill places.
M/s. S.K. Solvochem Pvt. Ltd. Village: Nimbua, Tehsil: Dera Bassi Dist: Mohali, Punjab
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8.8 NOISE AND COMMUNICATION
Care will be taken during selection of the equipment like compressors, blowers,
pumps, etc. and other machinery so that noise generation is reduced. In addition
to this, effective ear plugs will be provided and their use is made obligatory in
specified areas where noise level is high and unavoidable. All the blowers will have
silencers and noise generating equipments will have sound absorbers so that sound
level in the area is below 80 dB (A).
8.8.1 Effective Use Of Landscaping For Noise Control
Shrubs and trees are worthy little as tools for noise control. Effective belts of trees
for useful noise control must be at least 50 feet tall, must be in a continuous strip
75 - 100 feet deep, must have dense foliage down to the ground and must be
evergreen to supply protection year round.
8.9 GREEN BELT DEVELOPMENT AND AFFORESTATION
Tree plantation is one of the effective remedial measures, which controls the Air
Pollution. It also causes aesthetic and climatological improvements of an area as
well as sustains and supports the biosphere.
It is a well established fact that trees and vegetation act as a vast natural sink for
the gaseous as well as particulate air pollutants due to enormous surface area of
leaves. Plantation around the air pollution sources control the air pollution by
filtering particulate matter and interacting with gaseous pollutants before it
reaches the earth. Trees also act as buffers and absorbers against accidental release
of pollutants.
OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH & SAFETY
Occupational diseases and health impairments occur every day throughout the
world, due to lack or inadequacy of prevention and control measures at the
workplace.
M/s. S.K. Solvochem Pvt. Ltd. Village: Nimbua, Tehsil: Dera Bassi Dist: Mohali, Punjab
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The project proponent strongly believes in the safety and health of the workers. The
company will conduct regular medical checkup of the worker and for the safer side
there will always be a rotation of the worker where the exposure to dust and
chemicals is high. Safety being the first policy of the company, list of Antidotes
for different accidents and diseases will be provided to the entire department.
BUDGETORY COST OF ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION MEASURES
The total capital investment on environmental control measures is envisaged to be about
Rs 98 Lakhs out of a total project cost of Rs. 4.5 crore, which is estimated as follows:
Table 8.1- Cost Details
Sr.No. Particulars Capital Cost (Rs. In
Lakhs)
Recurring
Cost/annum
(Rs. In Lakhs)
1 Effluent
Treatment Plant
25.00 12.00
2 Evaporator 20.00 14.00
3 Reverse Osmosis 22.00 10.00
4 Rain Water
Harvesting
15.00 4.00
5 Air Pollution
Control
11.00 5.00
6 Solid Waste
Disposal/Green
Belt
Development
5.00 5.00
Total 98.00 50.00
M/s. S.K. Solvochem Pvt. Ltd. Village: Nimbua, Tehsil: Dera Bassi Dist: Mohali, Punjab
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8.10 SOLVENT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
Resource optimization / recycling and reuse is envisaged for the proposed project as
follows:
The raw materials will be stored in closed containers and will be handled
through closed system to avoid the handling losses.
At a time, only 4 – 5 products shall be manufactured.
Maximum 10 MT / month of various solvents like Chloroform,
Isopropyl Ether, Diisopropyl Amine, Acetonitrile, Acetone, Methylene
Dichloride, Ethanol in one product shall be used.
All the products shall be purified in various solvent to remove impurities.
Solvents shall be collected & sold off to authorized re-processor for distillation
of mixed solvent or shall be distilled in the proposed solvent distillation system.
The Reactors shall be connected to an efficient condenser system with cooling
/ chilling water / brine circulation.
Reactor and solvent handling pumps shall have mechanical seals to prevent
leakages. Also provide with breather valve to prevent losses.
Solvent will be taken from storage tank to reactors through closed pipe line.
Storage tank shall be vented through trap receiver & condenser operated on
cooling water.
The condensers shall be provided with sufficient HTA and residence time
so as to any loss of solvent.
Proper earthing shall be provided wherever solvent handling is done.
Entire plant is flameproof.
Solvents shall be stored as per statutory requirement.
Solvents shall be kept at a separate specified area with all the safety measures.
M/s. S.K. Solvochem Pvt. Ltd. Village: Nimbua, Tehsil: Dera Bassi Dist: Mohali, Punjab
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8.11 SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITIES
8.11.1 Management Plan for Socio-Economic Environment
In general, socio-economic environment will have positive impact due to the
proposed project in the area.
The deployed laborers will be from nearby villages only as these people are
mainly dependent upon such activities.
In order to further improve the socio-economic conditions of the area, the
management will contribute for development works in consultation with local
bodies.
Project proponent has already allocated Rs 10 Lakh (As per demand) for Socio
Economic Measures.
Table 8.2: Details of CSR Activities
Medical Camps 2 Lakh
Drinking water supply/Harvesting programme 2 Lakh
Adoption of Surrounding Villages ( 2 ladies Tiolet/Village will be
constructed)
3 Lakh
Public Welfare (Swach Bharat Abhiyan) 2 Lakh
Miscellaneous 1 Lakh
TOTAL 10.0 Lacs
M/s. S.K. Solvochem Pvt. Ltd. Village: Nimbua, Tehsil: Dera Bassi Dist: Mohali, Punjab
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CHAPTER-9
SUMMARY & CONCLUSION
9.1 INTRODUCTION
M/s S.K. Solvochem has proposed Synthetic Organic Chemicals Manufacturing Unit
(Capacity 1500 MTPA) -at Tehsil Dera Bassi and District Mohali (Punjab).
As per EIA Notification dated 14th September 2006, this project falls under Category
“B” Project or Activity-5 (f) because area of the Project is located in a notified
industrial estate, but it fulfill general condition as mentioned in EIA notification, 2006
( Punjab- Haryana interstate Boundary within 10 Km of the project site), therefore
this project requires Environmental Clearance from MoEF, New Delhi under category
‘A’.
9.2 JUSTIFICATION FOR THE PROJECT
The overall impact on the socio economic environment will be positive as many
of the locals will get job opportunity (both skilled and unskilled) during
construction and operational phase.
Therefore this project will offer the opportunities of better employment,
infrastructure and other basic amenities. This will lead to a better social and
economic life of the nearby villagers.
Most of the raw materials are indigenous. Also there is easy availability of
infrastructure, man power and easy availability of raw materials. This results in
the availability of cheaper products than imported products.
9.3 ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN
9.3.1 Air Quality Management
It is proposed to have a Green Belt plantation along the boundary of the plot,
which will intercept the dispersing particulates.
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The sprinkling of water is recommended in areas where dust emission is
expected within the plant.
The internal roads of plant are asphalted and hence dust emission shall be to
minimum.
9.3.2 Water Management
The total effluent shall be treated in a full-fledged Zero Discharge Effluent
Treatment Plant within the complex comprising of Primary, Secondary
and Tertiary treatment facility with Evaporator and Reverse Osmosis Facility
for reuse of treated.
9.3.3 Noise Management
The occasional noise has been attenuated by the development of Green Belt
around the industrial complex, and ear-protecting devices will be provided to
personnel working in high noise generating zones.
Anti-vibrating pads and acoustic enclosure shall be provided to the DG set.
9.3.4 Solid Waste Management
The solid wastes shall be segregated according to their properties, packed,
transported and stored in a separate impervious storage area demarcated for
them. They will then be disposed off according to the requirements of
statutory authorities.
9.4 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH & SAFETY
Masks and other PPE’s will be provided as additional personal protection
equipment to the workers.
Workers are informed, kept aware and trained about occupational health
hazards, due to such activities and preventive measures.
Workers health related problem if any, will be properly addressed.
M/s. S.K. Solvochem Pvt. Ltd. Village: Nimbua, Tehsil: Dera Bassi Dist: Mohali, Punjab
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9.5 PLANTATION DEVELOPMENT AND PROGRAMME
The local species will be planted with consultation of local forest department
/horticulturist and follow the CPCB guidelines.
9.6 CONCLUSION
As discussed, it is safe to say that the Industrial project (Synthetic organic
chemical manufacturing unit) is not likely to cause any significant impact on the
ecology of the area and does not harm the environment and ecology of the site
and its surroundings.
Proper measures will be taken to control emissions.
M/s. S.K. Solvochem Pvt. Ltd. Village: Nimbua, Tehsil: Dera Bassi Dist: Mohali, Punjab
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CHAPTER-10
DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANTS ENGAGED
10.1 Disclosure of Consultants Engaged
Vardan EnviroNet is a “NABET approved EIA Consultant” certificate no.
NABET/EIA/1316/IA001, having its registered office at D-142, Sushant Lok III, Golf Course
Extension Road, Sector 57, Gurgaon 122001.
M/s. S.K. Solvochem Pvt. Ltd. Village: Nimbua, Tehsil: Dera Bassi Dist: Mohali, Punjab
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EIA Coordinator: Mr. Mukesh Kapila Team Member: Mr. R.S Yadav & Mr. S.K. Sharma Functional Area Experts: S.No Functional Area Name of Expert/s
1. AP Mr. S.K Sharma
2. WP Mr. S.K Sharma
3. SHW Mr. S.K Sharma
4. SE Mr. Madhusudan Hanumappa
5. EB Ms. Rashmi Solanki
6. HG Mr. R.S Yadav
7. GEO Mr. R.S Yadav
8. AQ Mr. Asif Hussain
9. NV Mr. Asif Hussain
10. LU Mr. Joshua Anand
11. RH Mr. Kuldipak Ahuja
12. SC Mr. S.K Sharma