finding the sweet spot - amazon s3 · 3/9/2018 · finding the sweet spot optimization of smart...

Hogeschool van AmsterdamUrban Technology

Finding the sweet spotOptimization of Smart Charging Strategies for grid load, renewable energy and price.

Youssef El [email protected]

CONFIDENTIALThis document is a property of the HvA. No parts of it are allowed to be used and shared without explicit written permission of the HvA.

1


About myself…

‘13

Aerospace Engineering

NationaleDenkTank on Big Data

‘14

LINK DSLecturer at HvA

‘15 ‘17

Senior Data Scientist at UA

2


DataDesk Available

What to expect? Data from the user perspective

How do we work?You leave your questions and email with us. We email the answers later.

ONLY TODAY! (~ 18:00)

3


As the number of EVs increases, the grid load will increase. At the same time there are opportunities to reschedule charging sessions.

Tijdstip

kWh

00:00 23:59

DomesticCharging EVs

Start connection

End connection

Start charging End charging

EV is charging EV is connected but not charging

CONCEPTUAL

4


The effect of using Smart Charging strategies is measured using different KPIs

Smart Charging Strategies

Charging profiles KPI’s to measure the performance of Smart Charging strategies

Influence…Effect is measured using

5


Smart Charging Strategies

Charging profiles KPI’s to measure the performance of Smart Charging strategies

Influence…Effect is measured using

Smart Charging can be applied on three dimensions

Smart Charging kan op drie dimensies

TimePostponeCut and divide

PowerFaster / slower charging

DirectionVehicle to gridGrid to vehicle

6


Smart Charging can be applied in three dimensions

Start laden

Eindladen

Start connectie

Eindconnectie

7


This research is focused on quantifying the influence of three different Smart Charging Strategies on three important KPI categories

Demand loadHow can Smart Charging reduce the demand peaks?

Sustainable chargingHow can Smart Charging be used to utilise the available renewable energy?

Cost reductionHow can Smart Charging be used to optimize for APX prices?

SMART CHARGING STRATEGIES

Postpone strategyA charging session is shifted in time. The shift is a percentage of the Smart Charging Potential

PERFORMANCE INDICATORS

Cut and divide strategyA charging session is split in smaller sessions. These sessions are scheduled in the connection time window.

Power reductionReduce power, and hence the charging speed, at a charging point.

8


The Smart Charging Potential is a ratio of the Charging Time and Connection Time.

ConnectionEV is connected to a charging point.

ChargingEV is connected and charging.

Potential EV is connected but not charging

Potential = (1 – Charging / Connection)*100%

9











10


The postpone strategy shifts a charging session to a later moment

Start charging

End charging

Start connection

End connection

11


The cut and divide strategy splits a charging session into smaller sessions and reschedules these in the connection time.

Start charging

End charging

Start connection

End connection

12


Slower charging strategy reduces the power. This makes the charging time longer

Start charging

End charging

Start connection

End connection

13


The V2G strategy discharges the battery at moments when it is profitable to do so.

Start charging

End charging

Start connection

End connection

CHARGEGrid to vehicle

DISCHARGEVehicle to grid

14


In an ideal situation the strategies can be combined

Start connection

End connection

CONCEPTUAL

15


In an ideal situation the strategies can be combined

Start connection

End connection

Charge at average speed

Charge at lower speed

Discharge

Charge at higher speed

Charge at lower speed

CONCEPTUAL

16











17


Possible indicators

18


There are two ways to measure the effect of demand peak reduction

Without Smart Charging Domestic UseWith Smart Charging

Time

kWh

or k

W

00:00 23:59

Reduction in peak demand for charging EVs

KPI

KPI

19


There are two ways to measure the effect of demand peak reduction

Without Smart Charging Domestic UseWith Smart Charging

Reduction in peak demand relative to the demand for domestic use

Time

kWh

or k

W

00:00 23:59Time

kWh

or k

W

00:00 23:59

Reduction in peak demand for charging EVs

100%

KPI

KPI

KPI

KPI

20


For sustainable energy we consider the match between supply from sustainable energy sources and charging demand

Without Smart Charging Sustainable EnergyWith Smart Charging

Ratio between sustainable energy supply and charging demand (ratio 1 = perfect match)

Time

Sola

r +

win

d / C

harg

e de

man

d

t

Supply and demand are equal when the ratio equals

1

KPI

21




Time

kW (k

Wh?

)

00:00 23:59

Overlap between charging demand and sustainable energy supply

Without Smart ChargingWith Smart Charging


Time

Sola

r +

win

d / C

harg

e de

man

d

t


1

KPI

22




Time

kW (k

Wh?

)

00:00 23:59

Overlap between charging demand and sustainable energy supply

Overlap between supply and demand

KPI

Without Smart ChargingWith Smart Charging


Time

Sola

r +

win

d / C

harg

e de

man

d

t


1

KPI

23


To optimize for energy price, charging demand should be chosen at moments when the APX price is low.

Zonder Smart ChargingMet Smart Charging

Tijdstip

€

00:00 23:59

Meer laden op wanneer de APX prijzen lager zijn

24


There are roughly three user categories

Home chargersCharging session starting in the evening and continue throughout the night.

Office chargersCharging session starting in the morning for a duration of a working day.

Short chargersRelatively short sessions, throughout the day

25


De optimale Smart Charging strategieen worden bepaald voor drie categorieën gebruikers

Home chargersCharging session starting in the evening and continue throughout the night.

Office chargersCharging session starting in the morning for a duration of a working day.

Short chargersRelatively short sessions, throughout the day (Taxi’s, visitors, car sharing)

Starttijd

Con

nect

ietij

d

00:00 23:590 uur

24 uur

δ1 δ2

δ3

26


Finding the sweet spotOptimization of Smart Charging Strategies for grid load, renewable energy and price.

Youssef El [email protected]

CONFIDENTIALThis document is a property of the HvA. No parts of it are allowed to be used and shared without explicit written permission of the HvA.

27

finding the sweet spot - amazon s3 · 3/9/2018 · finding the sweet spot optimization of smart...

Documents