Five Major Food Gathering Strategies

2. .3. .4. agriculture5. .

1. hunting & gathering

For most of human history, homo sapiens have used the

subsistence strategy of

Neolithic RevolutionThe Rise of Food Production

• ; for this reason, some anthropologists prefer to call it the Neolithic Transition

Difference between a REVOLUTION and a TRANSITION?

Neolithic RevolutionThe Rise of Food Production

• transition from food collection to food production; for this reason, some anthropologists prefer to call it the Neolithic Transition

• began

Neolithic RevolutionThe Rise of Food Production

• transition from food collection to food production; for this reason, some anthropologists prefer to call it the Neolithic Transition

• began 10,000 years ago in China and the Middle East

• humans began : growing their own crops and keeping herds of animals

• humans were able to produce food rather than collect what nature produced

Changes Resulting From Food Production

• increased• populations became more

• created a greater division of labor – not everyone had the same job

WHY?

C I V I L I Z A T I O N

Changes Resulting From Food Production

• increased population• populations became more sedentary –

created settlements• created a greater division of labor – not

everyone had the same job specialization• reduced the life expectancy

from 26 to 19 years

Changes Resulting From Food Production

• increased population• populations became more sedentary –

created settlements• created a greater division of labor – not

everyone had the same job specialization• decline in overall health reduced the life

expectancy from 26 to 19 years

Food Production Declining Health while (some) hunter-gatherers

had a more balanced diet variety of plants and animal proteins

agriculturalists ran the if the crops failed – greater risk of widespread famine

Food Production Declining Health

+ sedentary life =

+ population density =