Forschungen zum Alten Testament2. Reihe

Edited byKonrad Schmid (Zürich) · Mark S. Smith (Princeton)

Hermann Spieckermann (Göttingen) · Andrew Teeter (Harvard)

103

Images of Exilein the Prophetic Literature

Copenhagen Conference Proceedings7–10 May 2017

Edited by

Jesper Høgenhaven, Frederik Poulsen,and Cian Power

Mohr Siebeck

Jesper Høgenhaven, born 1961; 1988 Dr. theol. (Copenhagen); since 2007 Professor of Old Testa-ment at the University of Copenhagen.

Frederik Poulsen, born 1984; 2014 PhD; currently Assistant Professor of Old Testament at theUniversity of Copenhagen.

Cian Power, born 1987; 2015 PhD (Harvard); 2016–18 Postdoctoral Research Fellow in HebrewBible Exegesis at Uppsala University; independent scholar.

ISBN 978-3-16-155749-1 / eISBN 978-3-16-156699-8DOI 10.1628/978-3-16-156699-8

ISSN 1611–4914 / eISSN 2568–8367 (Forschungen zum Alten Testament, 2. Reihe)

The Deutsche Nationalbibliothek lists this publication in the Deutsche Nationalbibliographie;detailed bibliographic data are available at http://dnb.dnb.de.

© 2019 Mohr Siebeck Tübingen, Germany. www.mohrsiebeck.com

This book may not be reproduced, in whole or in part, in any form (beyond that permitted by copy-right law) without the publisher’s written permission. This applies particularly to reproductions,translations and storage and processing in electronic systems.

The book was typeset by satz&sonders in Dülmen, printed on non-aging paper by Laupp & Göbelin Gomaringen, and bound by Buchbinderei Nädele in Nehren.

Printed in Germany.

Table of Contents

Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

Jesper Høgenhaven, Frederik Poulsen, and Cian PowerIntroduction.Images of Exile in the Prophetic Literature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

PART I ISAIAH

Francis LandyMetaphors for Death and Exile in Isaiah . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

Frederik PoulsenThe Trope of Scattering in Isaiah.A Reading of Isaiah 11:11–16 and 27:7–13 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

Hyun Chul Paul KimMetaphor, Memory, and Reality of the “Exile” in Deutero-Isaiah . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45

Ulrich BergesThe Individualization of Exile in Trito-Isaiah.Some Reflections on Isaiah 55 and 58 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63

PART II JEREMIAH AND EZEKIEL

Paul M. JoyceA Rebirth of Images?Theme and Motif in Jeremiah and Ezekiel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81

Else K. HoltLeave or Remain?A Theological Discussion in Jeremiah 29 and Beyond . . . . . . . . . . 97

Martien A. Halvorson-TaylorProphetic Images of Women as Metaphors for Exile.Jeremiah’s Book of Consolation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109

VI Table of Contents

Sonja AmmannVoting with One’s Feet.Emigration as a Matter of Choice in the Jeremiah Narratives . . . . . 121Jesper HøgenhavenDeparture and Return of the Divine Glory in Ezekiel? . . . . . . . . . . 137Søren Holst“You Shall Never Be Clean Again Until I Have Satisfied MyFury Upon You” (Ezek 23:13).Exile, Impurity, and Purification in Ezekiel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151Anja KleinUncovering the Nymphomaniac.The Verb גלה and Exile as Sexual Violence in Ezekiel 16 and23 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167

PART III VARIOUS THEMESDalit Rom-ShiloniNature Imagery within Images of Exile.General Survey and Metaphoric Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189Göran EidevallTrees and Traumas.On the Use of Phytomorphic Metaphors in PropheticDescriptions of Deportation and Exile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 217Cian PowerImages of Northern Exile.The Deportations from the Kingdom of Israel in the Prophets . . . 233Lena-Sofia TiemeyerJonah, the Eternal Fugitive.Exploring the Intertextuality of Jonah’s Flight in the Bible andIts Later Reception . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 255

List of Contributors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 269

Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 271

Preface

The fifteen articles in this volume were presented at the conference Imagesof Exile in the Prophetic Literature, which was held from 7–10 May 2017 atthe Faculty of Theology, University of Copenhagen. The conference wasmade possible by a generous grant from the Independent Research FundDenmark and its Sapere Aude programme. We want to thank the Fund forits financial support and the speakers and participants at the conferencefor stimulating discussions and a warm and enthusiastic atmosphere. Aspecial thanks to Dr. Cian Power for his indispensable efforts in editingand revising the language of the papers and to Dr. Paul Joyce for proof-reading one of the contributions. Thanks also to Mohr Siebeck and theeditors of the FAT series for including this volume.

Jesper Høgenhaven and Frederik PoulsenCopenhagen, May 2018

Introduction

Images of Exile in the Prophetic Literature

Jesper Høgenhaven, Frederik Poulsen,and Cian Power

Exile is a central concern in the Hebrew Bible. According to biblical ac-counts, the exile in Babylon was a decisive turning point in the history ofIsrael. There are several other stories and discourses of exile in addition tothis particular one: Adam and Eve are forced to leave Eden, Abraham andhis family travel as strangers, and the miraculous story of exodus emergesfrom the captivity in Egypt. Exile in the Hebrew Bible, it seems, does notonly echo or reflect traumatic historical events, but is also a literary themethat is taken up and reworked in a variety of ways by biblical authors. 1

In the prophetic books, there is a dense use of poetry and metaphorsand reflection on exile is central to almost all of them. Yet the imagesthey use are diverse. Some speak of exile with images of captivity andslavery. Others interpret exile as infertility and abandonment as when aman leaves his wife. Exile can be a state of spiritual death from which thepeople must be raised. Interestingly, the images that the prophets employcolour the concept itself, thereby expanding the range of meanings of alife in exile.

At an international conference in Copenhagen in May 2017, eight-een scholars gathered to investigate and discuss images of exile in theprophetic literature. Some chose to deal with a specific passage or biblicalbook, while others approached the issue by comparing different books orby looking more closely at a particular image or theme. A recurrent ques-tion was what role language and metaphors play in the prophets’ attemptsto express, structure, and cope with experiences of exile. This volumecollects fifteen of the eighteen papers presented at that conference.

We have grouped the articles in three major sections. The contri-butions in the first section focus on exile in Isaiah, while those in the

1See e. g. A. K. d. H. Gudme and I. Hjelm, eds., Myth of Exile: History and Metaphor in theHebrew Bible (CIS; London and New York: Routledge, 2015).

4 Jesper Høgenhaven, Frederik Poulsen, and Cian Power

second section treat this issue in Jeremiah and Ezekiel as well as possiblelinks between the two books. The third section collects contributionson various themes, including nature and agricultural imagery for exile,deportations from the Northern Kingdom, and the prophet Jonah as aperpetual refugee.

In Section I, Francis Landy’s essay, which was also the opening lec-ture of the conference, reflects on the ways in which the theme of exileis present in the meta-narrative, message, and structure of the book ofIsaiah as a whole. Landy draws attention to the association of death withexile and argues that exile throughout the book becomes an existentialcondition: even at home, one does not feel at home. Frederik Poulsenanalyses the motif of scattering and dispersion in Isaiah. After a briefoverview of this literary theme in the Hebrew Bible, Poulsen offers a closereading and comparison of Isaiah 11:11–16 and 27:7–13. Hyun Chul PaulKim detects metaphors of exile in Deutero-Isaiah, including the images ofdarkness-blindness-prison, drought-hunger, and daughters-sons of Zion.In addition to this analysis, Kim presents some astute reflections on therelation between metaphor, memory, and reality in the poetry of Deutero-Isaiah. The relation between historical realities and figurative interpre-tations is also taken up by Ulrich Berges, who discusses the theme ofexile in Trito-Isaiah. Looking at Isaiah 55 and 58 in particular, he arguesthat exile becomes individualized and associated with ethical concerns;in short, exile is transformed from an external movement into an ethicalreordering, a way out of one’s own egoism.

The first article in Section II examines literary relations between thebooks of Jeremiah and Ezekiel. In addition to the theology of judgement,Paul M. Joyce offers a careful analysis of three shared motifs: dry bones asa metaphor for exile and death; sour grapes and the question of guilt; andtheological geography and the figurative dimension of journey imagery.Else K. Holt deals with Jeremiah’s letter to the exiles in Jeremiah 29 and itsrather positive description of the conditions of daily life for the deporteesin Babylon. Taking similar language in Deuteronomy, Isaiah, and Psalmsinto consideration, she discusses the function, purpose, and possible his-torical context of expressing a prophetic message by means of correspon-dence by letter. Martien A. Halvorson-Taylor examines the poems in theBook of Consolation (Jeremiah 30–31). She demonstrates that the imagesof men in labour, of a wounded woman, and of the mourning of Rachel,all of which turn exile into an enduring existential condition, deliberatelydraw from and re-contextualize earlier Jeremianic traditions. Sonja Am-mann studies the Jeremiah narrative in Jeremiah 37–43. Examining three

Introduction 5

short episodes (Jer 37:11–16; 40:1–6; 43:6), Ammann discusses whetherthe prophet’s action – his attempt to leave the city – serves as a politicalmessage to his fellow citizens, and she offers a critical perspective on theassumptions often made by scholars regarding these narratives.

Jesper Høgenhaven examines the notion of the mobility of YHWH’sglory, central to Ezekiel. Analysing key chapters in the book (Ezek 1;8–11; 43), he demonstrates the subtle play at work on the motifs of divineabsence and presence and stresses that, rather than indicating God’s dislo-cation into exile, divine mobility points to the inescapability of judgementupon the sinful people. Søren Holst discusses the thorough ambiguity ofexile in the book of Ezekiel. He shows that while, on the one hand, exileis a place of punishment for the people’s crimes, on the other, it is a placeof purification by means of which the purified people can return to theblessings of their homeland. Anja Klein offers an overview of the key verbגלה and its use in Ezekiel before turning to a detailed reading of Ezekiel 16and 23. She draws attention to the close association in these chapters ofexile with sexual violence and, more broadly, with social issues such ashonour and shame and gender roles.

In Section III, Dalit Rom-Shiloni introduces five biological-ecologicalfields to detect, group, and interpret distinctive images of exile: fauna,flora, water sources, landscape characteristics, and climate systems. Shefurthermore demonstrates the potential of this enterprise by examining aseries of texts from Isaiah. Göran Eidevall focuses on prophetic texts thatliken the removal of people to moving a plant. The rationale behind thismetaphor, he argues, is the immobility of plants (if they are removed theydie) and plant imagery is thus capable of expressing feelings of uncertainfutures in unknown territories. Cian Power looks at the Neo-Assyriandeportations from the “Northern” Kingdom of Israel in the late eighthcentury BCE. Examining references to this event in Amos, Hosea, Isaiah,Micah, Jeremiah, and Ezekiel, he provides a critical comparison of thesebooks with regard to the language employed and to the supposed meaningof exile. Lena-Sofia Tiemeyer concludes the volume with a reading of thebook of Jonah. Drawing attention to vocabulary shared by the story ofJonah and that of Adam, Eve, and Cain in Genesis, she argues that Jonahembodies the pain of alienation; he is cast as a perpetual refugee. Finally,she shows how this motif is also present in two twentieth-century novelsby Jewish authors that draw on the story of Jonah.

Part IIsaiah

Metaphors for Death and Exile in Isaiah

Francis Landy

At the centre of Isaiah, between 39:8 and 40:1, is the exile. Everythingin the book points to it, either by anticipation or retrospection, and yetit is a null point, an interruption, in which nothing is spoken. 1 Twohundred years intervene between Isaiah’s prediction of exile to Hezekiahin 39:6–7, at the end of the long narrative of the deliverance of Jerusalemin chapters 36–38, and the message of comfort in 40:1. The disjuncturemeans that the book is fundamentally discordant, despite the immenseeffort at unification. The juxtaposition of Proto- and Deutero-Isaiah isnot an accident, as still occasionally proposed, but it nonetheless contraststwo entirely different poetic and imaginative worlds, whose congruenceis uncertain and incomplete. The book purports to tell a story, fromcreation to redemption; it is the classic metanarrative, like the Odyssey,in which the hero, Israel or God, leaves home, has adventures, and comeshome; and as in the classic metanarrative, home is never quite what oneremembers. In the case of Isaiah, the metanarrative is the more exigentbecause it corresponds to the story of the Hebrew Bible, and because itclaims universal significance and truth; it is the story of the world. Themetanarrative is in fact that there is a metanarrative, that history has a

1U. Berges (Jesaja: Der Prophet und das Buch [Biblische Gestalten 22; Leipzig: Evange-lische Verlagsanstalt, 2010], 92) argues that the gap is caused by a wish to emphasize thedeliverance from Sennacherib and the hope of return in 40:1–2. S. K. Kostamo (“Mind theGap: Reading Isa 39:8–40:1 within Early Second Temple Judah,” in History, Memory, HebrewScriptures: A Festschrift for Ehud Ben Zvi [ed. D. V. Edelman and I. D. Wilson; WinonaLake: Eisenbrauns, 2015], 215–228) proposes that it serves to bracket the exilic period anddemarcate the distant monarchic past from the restoration period. E. Ben Zvi (“Isaiah aMemorable Prophet: Why Was Isaiah so Memorable in the Late Persian/Early HellenisticPeriods? Some Observations,” in “Remembering Biblical Figures in the Late Persian and EarlyHellenistic Periods: Social Memory and Imagination” [ed. D. V. Edelman and E. Ben Zvi;Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2013], 365–383, 377) similarly thinks that the absence ofexplicit references to the exile marginalizes it. On the contrary, my position is that the silenceconcerning the exile makes it an all-important “elephant in the room”, to which virtuallyeverything in the book points. See F. Landy, “Exile in the Book of Isaiah,” in The Concept ofExile in Ancient Israel and its Historical Contexts (ed. E. Ben Zvi and C. Levin; BZAW 404;Berlin: de Gruyter, 2010), 241–256.

10 Francis Landy

plot and that everything is for the best – as long, that is, as you are not oneof the sinners at the end of the book. The question of the coherence of thebook is then that of the coherence of history. The alternative is that historyis not teleological, that exile will continue for ever. The book leaves uswith hope, and that perhaps is the sole reason why it is written: “YHWHhas anointed me to proclaim to the humble” (61:1). But the hope is alwaysagainst the background of despair, or, as David Carr says, of trauma. 2The sceptical voice is evoked, always to be dismissed. But it keeps comingback.

Death and exile correspond throughout the book, as the twin fates ofthe victims of the catastrophe. Death may be a metaphor for exile, or viceversa. Exile is a living death, augmented by associations of Babylon withthe underworld in chapter 14; death is the ultimate antagonist of life andof YHWH, the final exile, separating us from God and the living; hencethe anxiety surrounding death, the insistence that it is in fact return, to theancestors, to the earth; hence the fear of being outcast, dying in a strangeland, and the hope of resurrection. Death is beyond human discourse; thenull point at the centre, portending death and exile, is also a caesura fromwhich all the words of the book emanate. They are a resistance to it, sincedeath and exile threaten all language and all meaning. Once the Templeis destroyed, the entire symbolic and sacred structure of Judah/Israelbecomes a memory, and the people itself loses its political and imaginaryidentity, becomes adrift among a sea of nations, and risks or welcomesabsorption or annihilation. If there is a new Temple, as in Deutero- andTrito-Isaiah, what will it be, and what will be its relation to the FirstTemple? To what extent is repetition possible? And to the extent it ispossible, what is it that we will repeat? We begin in chapter 1 with theTemple as the place where God is not at home, and we end in chapter 66,with the Temple as a home for everyone – the eunuch and the stranger –where God is unable to find a resting place, and where the glorious futureis uneasily juxtaposed to a disconcerting and sacrilegious present.

2D.M. Carr, Holy Resilience: The Bible’s Traumatic Origins (New Haven: Yale UniversityPress, 2014). Carr (74–76) argues that the exile was “a gap in the midst of biblical history”,which could not be addressed directly, but which produced a fundamental reevaluation ofwhat it meant to be a Judean, and hence a proliferation of scriptures. His thesis is thattrauma affects memory and behavior in indirect ways (7). On the relationship of historyand trauma, as well as the dangers in an over-emphasis on aporia and unreadability, seeD. LaCapra, Writing History, Writing Trauma (2nd ed. with new preface; Baltimore: JohnsHopkins University Press, 2014).

Index

Index of References

Genesis1 1421–2 2621–11 259, 2621:2 2621:9–10 2622 1163 262–633–4 255, 259, 262–63, 2683:23 2603:24 259–614:5 2504:5–6 2604:6 2604:12 2594:13 2594:14 2594:16 259–606–8 2626:6 2637:11 2608:7 2628:8–12 2638:14 26310:18 2911:1–9 28–2911:8 2811:9 2812:7 21913 13113:9 13113:10 13120:15 13125:23 11427:12 4727:22 4729:6–9 5131:34 4731:37 4739:20 4841:6 4042:36 118

46:29–30 5447:6 13149:7 29

Exodus1:16 511:22 512:16 519:24 1409:31 20610:21 4710:21–23 4710:23 4712:11 6512:38 6713:17 7313:21 65, 72–7314 20514–15 6414:16 7114:19 65, 7214:21 7115:13 7316:32 7520:5–6 9220:26 15221:7 5124 14224:10 142–4324:16 14024:16–17 14024:17 14028:42–43 15232:34 7334 10540:34 148

Leviticus16 7418:6–19 16920:10–18 17020:11 16920:17–21 169

272 Index

23:24–32 7425:9 4126 9526:33 30, 19026:36–39 190

Numbers5:11–31 8311:4 7511:8 7518:20 127

Deuteronomy2:6 694:27 29, 1904:27–28 1908:3 69, 758:16 7516:3 6517:14–20 2018:18 7620 10120:5 10220:5–7 10120:5–10 10120:14 5120:19–20 4922:1 3123:2 7623:13–14 15228 29, 9528:28 4728:29 4728:30–32 101–228:36 19028:48 49, 6828:64 2929:27 222–2330:1–4 3230:3 29, 19130:4 3232:9 7532:12 7332:13 7532:47 70

Joshua1:8 7615:13 12719 205

Judges5:28–31 5316:21 48

16:26 47

Ruth1:11 1143:2 30

1 Samuel2:5 5311:11 2917:14–15 5123:28 128

2 Samuel8:1 368:2 368:13–14 3610:1–5 3620:18 16423 20

1 Kings7:27–39 1438:11 14814:15 30, 22217 26118:32 3922:17 30

2 Kings4:13 1298:16–24 10614:25 26115:29 235, 24917 94, 233, 235, 244,

249–5017:3 19017:5–6 189–9017:6 190, 235–36, 24917:7 23617:7–23 235, 24817:13 23617:13–14 24617:14 23617:18 190, 23617:19 236, 24817:20 23617:21 3117:23 190, 236, 24917:25–28 23317:27–28 19018:9–12 23518:33–34 23619:30 22019:30–31 19022:4 164

Index 273

23:26 9224–25 9424:1–4 24924:3 19024:8–17 19024:14 19024:14–16 5424:19–20 24924:20 19025:5 2925:7 4825:11 5425:11–12 189–9025:12 19025:21 19025:26 54, 19025:27–30 54

1 Chronicles5:6 2365:26 236

2 Chronicles5:14 1487:1 14818:25–26 4821:12–15 10624:13 7230 25030:5–6 19030:6 23630:10 19032:30 7435:17–18 19036:23 249

Ezra1:1–4 1911:5 1914–5 106

Nehemiah2 1064:1 726 1069:11 719:12 739:19 739:36–37 50

Esther3:8 288:13–14 106

Job1:3 132

5:14 4712:25 4718:15 3022:3 16429:19 225

Psalms1:3 219, 2255:10 12839:5–6 2044:12 3147:5 7549:2 2049:9 2071:6 11474:13–14 3674:15 7177:21 7378:13 7178:14 7378:15 7178:53 7378:71 7578:72 7380:9–17 22081:4 4181:17 75103:15 219103:17 69106:27 30107 50, 74, 102–3107:33 74107:35 74107:35–36 103107:36–38 102107:38 103107:40–41 103107:42 103109:24 57112:4 71128:3 219137 54, 59, 100139:7–9 263139:8 263146:7–8 47147:2 35

Proverbs2:16 12815:7 3017:2 12730:15–16 16

Isaiah

274 Index

1 101–12 271–39 461:2 241:2–3 161:4 661:8 511:10 761:21 511:22 1652:2–4 24, 422:3 762:5 483:16–24 514:2–6 344:4 1655 16, 235:1–7 385:7 2205:8 665:11 16, 665:11–13 685:12 165:13 16, 49, 68, 735:14 16, 255:18 665:20 46, 665:21–22 165:22 16, 665:25 345:25-11:16 335:26 465:30 466 12–13, 16, 20, 23,

143–446:1–3 1446:2 1436:3 16, 1486:4 1436:6 1436:8 206:9–10 18, 486:10 176:11 2426:11–12 176:12 17, 144, 1466:13 177 2497:2 377:3 177:8 241–427:11 18

7:16 242–437:17 17, 2417:20 2428:1–4 178:4 241–438:16–17 128:17 128:18 1448:20–22 468:22 32, 47, 509:1 2429:5 189:5–6 179:8–17 2459:8–21 2439:9–10 2439:11 349:16 349:17 2429:19 599:20 3410:1 6610:4 3410:5 8510:5–34 3310:8–9 19510:9–11 195, 241–4310:12–15 19410:13 19510:13–14 194–9510:14 194–9610:21 1810:21–22 1811 33, 4211:1–9 3311:1–10 17, 1911:3 1411:6–8 13, 2511:9 34, 4211:10 3311:11 22, 33–34, 40, 24211:11–12 33, 3611:11–13 241–4211:11–16 4, 27–28, 33, 41–4211:12 29, 34–37, 4111:13 3511:13–14 33, 3511:14 36–3711:15 37, 40–4111:15–16 33–34, 36, 3811:16 32, 34, 37, 24212 27, 33

Index 275

13:1–22 19713:2–22 19713:5 19813:6 4613:9 46, 19713:9–16 19713:10 4613:13 46, 19713:13–16 19713:14 31, 198, 21113:14–16 19713:15–16 19813:17 19714 1014:17 4815:5–6 4916:2–4 25016:3–4 3217:1–6 20217:13 4019:18–25 24219:25 7520 1820:4 18, 24122:17 26422:17–18 26424–27 27, 3724:1 2924:1–3 3724:1–14 20224:22 4825:7 2525:8 4226:14 4226:19 4227 3827:1 38, 4127:2–6 3827:7 3827:7–13 4, 27–28, 37–3827:8 38–4027:8–9 3727:9 38–39, 41–4227:10–11 3727:12 38, 4127:12–13 27, 37–38, 40, 42, 198,

24227:13 38, 41–4228:1 1328:2–3 24128:16–17 2228:25 29

28:27 4129:11–12 1729:15 47, 6629:18–19 4730:24 30, 19230:26 7231:1 6633:1 66, 16433:20 2034–35 63, 20334:13 21135:1–2 21235:1–9 20435:1–10 2735:2 208, 21235:6 7135:10 20736–38 936:12 5937:31 22038:12 1939:6–7 939:7 19, 4839:8 940 2040–48 7740–66 46, 67, 7440:1 940:1–2 940:2 10740:3 24, 47, 6040:5 24, 14340:6–8 21840:7 5340:8 6940:9 20240:9–11 20140:10 20240:11 2740:27–28 5841:14–16 20441:16 30, 20841:17 68, 203–541:17–20 203, 207, 21241:18 73, 20541:18–19 4741:19 20541:20 20842:1 7642:3 20642:4 7642:5–9 63

276 Index

42:6 22, 6742:7 4742:14–17 204, 20742:15 4942:16 47, 49, 73, 20842:17 4842:19–22 4842:21 7642:22 4843:1–7 27, 20743:5 20843:6 5443:16 20543:16–17 6443:16–21 204–5, 207, 211–1243:17 20643:19 205–643:19–20 7343:20 20643:21 20643:25 5744:1–5 204, 20744:3 7344:5 20844:21 57–5844:21–23 20444:23 70, 20844:28 6445:1 6445:1–8 191, 20445:2–3 4745:4 2145:5 2145:7 2345:8 20845:9–10 6645:13 2045:15 12, 2146:8–9 5747 5147:1 51–5247:1–4 17947:1–5 5247:3 17947:5 51–5247:6 7547:7 5747:15 4748:10 16548:17–19 20748:20 7048:20–21 67, 77

48:20–22 20748:21 71, 7349:1 11449:2 7749:4 5849:6 22, 6749:7–13 6349:8 6749:8–12 2749:8–13 204, 20749:9 48–4949:10 4949:11 3749:13 20849:14 5849:14–15 5749:14–21 2249:15 22–23, 5849:22 35, 5449:26 5950:1–2 2250:1–3 204, 20750:2 20850:10 4851:2 5351:3 49, 74, 20751:4 7651:7 7651:10 3651:12–16 20451:13 5751:16 76–77, 20851:17–21 2251:18–20 5351:19 4952 5152:1 5252:1–2 5152:2 5152:3 6052:5 6052:11 1652:11–12 64, 67, 70, 7752:12 7253:2 21953:8 1954:1 5354:4 53, 57, 6054:10 6054:11 4054:11–13 5354:13 53

Index 277

54:17 7655 4, 63, 66–69, 71, 7755/56–66 63–64, 66, 7055:1 5055:1–2 50, 7555:1–5 6655:1–56:8 68, 7755:2 7555:3 6755:5 6755:6–7 6655:7 67, 71, 7755:7–11 6955:8–11 6655:10 5055:10–11 68–6955:11 7055:12 6855:12–13 66, 70, 204, 21255:13 68, 70, 20855:17 6956 6556–59 7556:1–8 68, 70–7156:2 7756:3 19, 53, 68, 70, 7756:3–4 7656:3–5 4856:4 7056:5 53, 6856:8 32, 35, 7756:10 4857:11 5757:13 4057:18 7358 4, 63, 71, 74, 7758:1–7 7158:2 7258:6–7 6358:7 5058:8 47, 71–73, 7758:8–10 71, 7358:8–12 7158:9–12 204, 20758:10 50, 71, 7358:11 73–7458:11–12 71, 7358:13–14 71, 74–7558:14 74–7559 7559:9 47, 5059:9–10 72

59:20 75–7659:21 25, 76–7760:1 7160:1–22 4260:2 7160:3 7160:4 5460:5–17 204, 20760:8 21160:9 5460:13 14861 64, 6661:1 14, 4761:1–3 6361:5–6 5062:5 5362:6–7 2562:8–9 5062:10 3762:10–12 2762:11 51, 7463:1–6 7563:12 7163:17 7565 10365:8–10 20465:13 5065:17 2465:17–25 20465:20 25, 12765:21–22 5065:21–23 10265:25 5066 1466:1 14866:12 2466:12–13 2366:13 5166:18–24 4266:19 22, 2466:20 5466:22 2466:23 2466:24 24

Jeremiah1:1 1261:1–3 991:9 76, 81, 831:10 103, 222–231:18–19 822–3 1812:2 86

278 Index

2:20 862:21 2202:33 1813:4 1813:6–8 873:7–11 2453:8 2443:10 2463:11 2453:11–14 2453:12 2453:14–15 1073:15 823:18 36, 2454 111, 115, 1174–6 112, 1804:7 894:11 304:13 2104:19 112–144:19–21 112–15, 1994:19–31 112, 1144:20 1174:23–29 2024:29 112–154:30 112, 114–154:30–31 1134:31 112, 114–155:6 2116:1 416:9 2206:17 826:24 112, 1157:15 244, 2467:25 2468 918:1–3 908:3 918:9 918:13 2118:22 729:9–10 2079:11–15 2079:15 2910 11710:16 7510:19 11710:19–20 19910:19–21 19910:19–25 19910:20 117–18, 19910:21 30, 199

11:16 14212:14 22412:14–17 222, 22412:15 22412:16 22412:17 22413:16 4713:18 17913:18–19 179–80, 18213:18–27 169, 179, 181–8213:19 179, 18213:20 18013:20–22 179–8013:20–27 179, 182, 19913:21 180–8113:22 179–8213:23–24 179, 19913:25–27 179, 18113:26 18113:27 18114:1–6 4914:12–16 4915:1 8215:4 9215:7 3115:16 81, 8316:10–13 19016:13 26416:14–15 24517:8 22517:25 7418–35 13518:5–6 22318:7 22218:7–10 22321:5 8521:8 12921:9 12622:4 7422:18–19 8922:20–23 20222:24–30 19122:26 26422:28 26423 8223:1–2 3023:1–4 199, 20123:5–6 9023:13 24624 24924:5–8 8624:6 222, 224

Index 279

24:7 8825:4 24625:34–38 199, 21025:36 20025:37 20025:38 20026 9826–29 98–99, 10426–36 9827–28 98, 10427–29 104–527:1 9827:10 14627:12–15 8529 4, 92, 97–104, 10629:1–7 19029:4–23 10629:5–7 93, 98, 100, 102–329:10 9829:14 31, 24429:16–20 9929:21 10429:23 99, 10429:32 10730–31 430:1–4 109, 11230:1–31:22 10930:3 110, 24530:5–7 110, 112–1330:5–11 111–12, 114–1530:6 112, 11530:7 11530:8–11 110, 112, 115–1630:10 11630:10–11 20130:11 24430:12–15 110, 117–1830:12–17 111, 11730:13 11730:14 11730:15 11730:16–17 110, 17730:17 72, 11731 24631:5 21131:7–9 20731:8 11631:9 24531:10 3131:10–14 201, 21131:12 7431:14 74

31:15 110, 11831:15–17 11131:15–20 24531:15–22 11831:16–17 110, 11931:18–19 24531:20 24531:21 3731:22 12031:25 7431:27 92, 22431:27–28 89, 22431:28 222, 22431:29 9231:29–30 91–9231:31–33 8832 12732:8 12632:38–40 8832:44 12633:6 7233:10 19036 10536:37 10537 123–25, 13537–38 123, 13537–40 12937–43 4, 121–24, 134–3537:4 124, 128, 13537:11 12637:11–16 5, 121, 124, 125–2637:11–40:6 12337:12 125–27, 12937:13 125–26, 12937:14 125, 12937:14–15 12437:15–18 4837:20 12437:21 12538 122, 124–2538:1 12438:1–13 12438:2 122, 124–26, 12938:3 12538:6 123–2438:7 12538:9–10 12438:13 12538:17 12238:17–18 12238:19 12438:21 122

280 Index

39–45 7739:3 13039:4–10 13039:7 4839:11–12 13039:11–13 13039:14 128, 13040 123–24, 130–31, 13540:1 12340:1–6 5, 121, 129–3140:4 122, 131–3240:5 128–29, 131–3340:6 128–29, 13340:17 12241:9 24441:16 13442 9342–43 122–2342:10 93, 22242:13–14 12242:14 12442:15–16 9342:19 9343 93, 124, 133, 13543:1–7 5443:5–7 13343:6 5, 121, 133–3445:4 222–2346:16 19846:26 21046:27–28 20148:28 21048:40 21049:5 20149:22 21049:28–33 21149:32 30, 19049:36 30, 19050–51 85, 244, 25750:4 24550:4–5 3650:8–10 20150:17 31, 210, 24450:18 24650:19 24550:21–25 21050:24 21051:6 19851:9 19851:19 7551:34 25751:35 257

51:45 19851:59–64 10552 77, 13052:2 3052:8 29

Lamentations1:11 501:19–20 502:11–12 502:20–21 503:2 473:6 473:34 474:1–2 534:9 49–504:15 524:17 1325:2 505:3 505:4 505:6 505:9–10 50

Ezekiel1 5, 93, 137, 139, 143,

1461–5 771–24 160–611–33 1601:1 137–38, 1711:1–3 1671:2 1711:3 1371:4 1401:4–28 1401:5 1411:5–6 1391:5–14 1401:9 1411:12 1411:15–21 1411:16 1411:17 1411:18 1421:20 1421:22 1421:22–23 1421:24 1421:26 142–431:27 142, 1441:28 140, 1423:1–3 81, 83

Index 281

3:8–9 823:10–15 1673:11 138, 1713:15 137, 1713:17–21 823:22–23 1373:23 1373:25 1524 1664–24 161, 1684:1–3 1524:4–8 1524:9–13 1524:10 1524:12–14 594:13 1524:13–14 1524:15 1525 156, 158–59, 1665:2 1905:9–12 1535:10 1905:10–12 1545:11 1625:12 1905:13 856:5 306:6 897:2 35, 1437:27 908 1448–9 144–458–11 5, 137, 143, 1548:3 1448:4 137, 1448:5 1448:7–18 1448:10–11 1448:12 1458:14 1458:16 1459 1459:3 1479:9 14510–11 14610:2 14310:4 14710:9–22 14610:15 13710:20 137, 14110:22 13711 154

11:14–21 24911:15 8611:15–16 14611:16 30, 86, 93, 15511:19–20 8811:22–23 9311:24 147, 17111:25 17112 31, 7712:3 170–7112:4 17112:7 17112:11 17112:13 13712:14 24712:14–15 3114:14 8214:20 8214:21 14316 5, 86, 161, 167–72,

175–76, 178–79,182–86, 247

16:1 17216:1–43 172, 17516:2–14 17316:2–43 17216:6 17316:8 86, 17316:9–14 17316:15 86, 17316:15–19 17316:15–34 17316:16 17316:16–21 17316:20–21 17316:24–25 17316:26 17316:28–29 17316:33–34 17316:35–43 17316:36 170, 173, 17816:37 87, 168, 170–71,

173–75, 18416:37–38 17716:38 174, 18316:39 17416:44 17416:44–58 17416:46 24816:46–61 24716:47 174, 24716:50 247

282 Index

16:51 24816:52 24816:53 24716:54 24716:56 17416:57 170, 17416:59–63 172, 17416:60 17516:61 24716:62 17516:63 17517 22617–22 16117:1–10 207, 210, 22517:3–4 22517:5 22517:6 22517:7 22517:8 22517:9–10 225–2617:10 40, 22617:22–24 19118 9218:1–4 9118:2 9219 172, 22619:1–9 21019:10 22619:10–14 22619:11 22619:12 222, 22619:13 68, 22619:14 22620 16120–24 16120:1 16120:21 16120:23 13820:27 16120:30 16120:33–44 24720:39 16120:44 161, 24721 16121–22 16121:2 16121:7 16122 155–56, 158, 16122:1–16 161–6222:2 161–6222:3 162, 16522:3–4 162

22:3–14 16522:3–16 16322:4 162, 16522:4–5 16222:5 16222:6–12 16222:10 169–7022:10–11 16222:12 16522:12–13 16522:13–14 16222:14 16422:15 138, 155, 158–60,

162–6622:15–16 154, 16522:16 162, 164–6522:17–22 161, 16522:23–31 16122:26 8523 5, 161, 167–71,

175–76, 178–79,182–86

23:1–4 175–7623:1–27 17623:1–30 17623:2–4 8723:3 17623:5–7 17623:5–10 17623:8 17623:9–10 24623:10 168, 170–71, 176–78,

184, 24823:11 176, 247–4823:11–21 17623:11–49 17623:12 17623:13 15123:15 17723:15–18 17623:18 170, 176–7723:19–21 17623:22–27 17723:22–34 17723:24 17723:25 177, 18423:26 17723:28–30 17723:28–49 17623:29 168, 170–71, 177–78,

18423:31 178

Index 283

23:31–34 177–7823:33–34 24823:45 18323:46–48 18523:47 18423:48 18524 77, 16124–32 16024:3–14 16424:10 16425:3 17129:12 20130:20–26 20730:26 20131 17233 16133–48 16033:3 4133:21 168, 17133:24–25 8634 30, 20134–39 16834–48 16034:1–10 20134:2 8234:5–6 3034:11 8234:11–15 16834:11–16 20134:12 3034:17–24 20134:21 3034:23 8234:23–24 9034:31 20136 156, 158–59, 16636:8–9 20936:8–10 8936:8–12 208, 21136:19 13836:23–32 16836:24–25 15636:24–28 15636:24–38 16036:25 16536:26–27 8836:29 16536:33 156, 16536:36–38 15637 91, 16637:1 5737:1–2 47, 53, 91, 137

37:1–10 16837:6 14337:11 5337:11–14 16837:15–28 3637:16–28 24737:20–23 16837:21 24739:23 170–7139:23–29 16839:28 170–7140–48 93, 16843 5, 13743:1–7 9343:1–9 147, 14943:3 137, 14743:5 147–4843:6 14843:7 14844:23 85

Daniel1:3–6 548:23 1649:24 164

Hosea1:6–7 2392 872:4–17 1792:12 1792:15 2404:15 239–405:5 2405:13 2405:14 2406:4 2296:5 2417:11 2408:8 2408:9 2108:13 2409:3 227, 2409:5–6 199, 2119:6 227, 2409:8 2419:9 2419:17 24010:1 22010:5–6 24010:6 24010:11 24011:1 240

284 Index

11:4 7511:5 24011:8–9 24111:10–11 21111:11 24111:12 23912:1 24012:10 24112:13 24013:1 240, 24713:3 22914:6 229–3014:6–8 22914:6–9 226, 229–3214:7 229–3114:8 229–3114:9 218, 230

Joel2:1 412:1–2 462:15 413:4 464:2 294:6 146

Amos1:1 2371:5 237, 2401:15 2372:4–6 2372:16 2373:11 2383:14 2374:1 2374:1–3 2374:3 2394:6 2274:6–11 2274:8 2274:9 2274:10 2274:11 2275:5 2375:6 2375:11 2285:18–20 465:26 2375:27 2386:7 2376:14 2387:10–12 2377:11 238–39, 244

7:13 2397:15 2397:17 237–398:11 689:4 238–399:7 2409:9 238–399:11–15 2279:12 2399:13 2279:13–15 226–28, 2329:14 227–289:15 222, 228, 231, 239

Obadiah18–20 237

Jonah1 2571:1–3 2611:3 259, 2631:4 2641:5 1641:9 2621:10 2591:11 2641:11–13 401:12 2641:13 2641:15 2642 257–592:1 2582:3 2582:4 258, 260, 2632:5 258–602:6 260, 2622:7 257–58, 2642:9 2622:12 2583–4 2573:9–10 2634:1 2604:2 2634:4 2604:5 260–61

Micah1:5–7 2431:8 2431:9 2431:13 2431:16 210, 2452:12 2435:5–6 243

Index 285

5:6–8 2116:16 243

Nahum2:2 293:1–7 1793:5 179–803:10 533:18–19 201

Habakkuk1:8 2103:14 29

Zephaniah3:10 29

Zechariah2 672:1–4 31

2:10 662:11 662:15 677:14 40, 2649:11–12 479:14 4110:6–10 23710:11 3613:9 30

Malachi2:3 303:20 71–72

Tobit14:4 261

Sirach38:17 16449:3 164

Author Index

Abernethy, A. T. 49–50Abrego, J. M. 132–33Ackroyd, P. 167, 256Adams, S. L. 50Ahn, J. J. 45, 49Albertz, R. 77, 169Allen, L. C. 161–62, 164, 170, 172–76,178, 180

Anderson, G. W. 81Anderson, J. E. 259, 262–63Assmann, J. 57–58Aster, S. Z. 194–97

Bach, R. 223Bar-Effrat, S. 57Barr, L. B. 268Barstad, H. M. 208Barthélemy, D. 133Basson, A. 219Baumann, G. 168–70, 174, 176, 178,180–81, 183–85

Bechtel, L. M. 183–84Belibtreu, E. 48Ben Zvi, E. 9Berger, Y. 259, 262Berges, U. 9, 24, 64–66, 68–69, 76–77Bergmann, C. D. 57Berlin, A. 11, 101Berquist, J. L. 70Bertholet, A. 143, 164Beuken, W. A. M. 12, 18–19, 34, 36,40–41, 72, 75

Biddle, M. E. 49, 184Black, M. 221Blanchot, M. 12–13Blenkinsopp, J. 12, 19, 165, 194Block, D. I. 161–62, 164, 170, 173–74,225–26, 262

Bogaert, P. M. 130Brayford, S. A. 183Brettler, M. 235

Bridgeman, V. 51Bright, J. 125, 132Brownlee, W. H. 155Brueggemann, W. 58Burrows, M. 81

Caird, G. B. 84Camp, C. V. 11Carr, D. M. 10Carroll, R. P. 14–15, 105–6, 113, 125,130, 135, 137, 149, 180–81, 199–200,233, 255, 264

Chapman, C. 116Childs, B. S. 89, 194–95Chilton, B. D. 195Chong, O.-S. 60Cixous, H. 13–14Clements, R. E. 12, 27, 34, 39, 46, 89,161, 197

Clines, D. J. A. 170Cohen, M. 165Cohen, R. 94Collins, T. 84, 89Cornill, C. H. 126–29Craigie, P. C. 180Croatto, J. S. 24, 35Crouch, C. L. 83, 245Cruz, J. 55–56

Dahood, M. 20Dalley, S. 235Darr, K. P. 185Davidson, S. V. 130Davies, P. R. 92Davis, E. F. 83Day, L. 168, 172–73de Beaugency, É. 165de Jong, M. J. 161de Moor, J. C. 83Dearman, J. A. 230Delaney, C. 183

Index 287

Derrida, J. 12Dewrell, H. D. 240Diamond, A. R. P. 129Dijkstra, M. 132Dille, S. 47, 54Douglas, M. 104Downs, D. J. 255, 257, 259–60, 263–64Doyle, B. 39, 41Drinkard, Jr., J. F. 180Driver, G. R. 40Driver, S. R. 125Duhm, B. 150

Eichrodt, W. 164Eidevall, G. 220, 227, 230, 239Eph’al, I. 190Ephros, A. Z. 256Erlandsson, S. 177

Farrer, A. 84Finkelstein, I. 250Fischer, G. 74, 76, 180, 182, 224Fischer, I. 69Fishbane, M. 74, 84, 170Fitzgerald, A. 184Fohrer, G. 164Fontaine, C. R. 11Foreman, B. A. 257Frahm, E. 48Franke, C. 48, 52Frantzmann, M. 52Friebel, K. G. 82Fried, L. S. 20Frymer-Kensky, T. 217, 219–20Fuchs, A. 189

Gadd, J. C. 190Galambush, J. 168, 172Galil, G. 235Galling, K. 164Gärtner, J. 69Gerhards, M. 259Gerstenberger, E. S. 102–4Gertz, J. C. 238Gesenius, W. 127–28, 131–32, 170,180–81

Gibson, J. C. L. 84Gile, J. 28, 30, 138Ginsberg, H. L. 233Giovannini, M. J. 183Goldingay, J. 21–22, 72–73, 77Goldstein, R. 50, 125, 134

Gordon, P. 181Granerød, G. 100Gray, D. K. H. 24Graybill, R. 18Grayson, A. K. 190Green, B. 123Greenberg, M. 83, 152–53, 161–65, 174,177

Gregory, B. C. 63–64Gudme, A. K. d. H. 3, 167

Hadijev, S. 183, 185Hakham, A. 196, 198, 205Halbwachs, M. 58Hall, G. H. 177Halvorson-Taylor, M. A. 11, 56–57,63–64, 73, 87, 110, 112, 118, 121, 245,255

Hardmeier, C. 130, 132Harshav, B. 55Heinisch, P. 165Hendel, R. 58Herrmann, S. 222Hesse, E. W. 262Hibbard, J. T. 27Hill, J. 131Hills, D. 11Hjelm, I. 3, 167Holladay, W. L. 82–84, 92, 127, 129,180–81, 199, 224

Holt, E. K. 92, 123Hossfeld, F.-L. 69, 74, 102Høgenhaven, J. 35, 86, 93, 150, 154, 166

Isaksson, B. 126

Jakobson, R. 11Janzen, J. G. 131Jastrow, M. 128Jenner, K. D. 41Jenni, E. 162Jeppesen, K. 61Jindo, J. Y. 217, 223Johnson, D. G. 39Joüon, P. 179Joyce, P. M. 81, 83, 86, 93, 165, 225–26,237

Kamionkowski, S. T. 56Keil, C. F. 138, 140, 165Kelley, P. H. 180Kessler, J. 107

288 Index

Kiefer, J. 169–71Kikawada, I. M. 262Kim, H. C. P. 52Kleber, K. 48Klein, A. 87, 168, 181, 183, 247Knierim, R. P. 57Knoppers, G. N. 63, 65, 250Koenen, K. 74König, F. E. 132Koole, J. L. 73Korpel, M. C. A. 68, 71, 218Kostamo, S. K. 9Kratz, R. G. 100, 241Kremers, H. 123Kristeva, J. 13Krüger, T. 172, 176, 178, 183

Lacan, J. 14LaCapra, D. 10Lack, R. 65–66, 72Lakoff, G. 55, 219, 221Landes, G. M. 258Landy, F. 9, 13–14, 17, 20, 63, 65, 91,229–30

Lang, B. 91, 151Lapsley, J. 50Laufer, S. 122, 135Lemche, N. P. 46Lieu, J. M. 58Lim, B. H. 54Linville, J. 21, 227Lipka, H. 172, 174, 178, 183–84Liss, H. 18–19Love, N. P. 262Lund, Ø. 60Lundbom, J. R. 199–200, 224Lust, J. 28–29Lyons, M. A. 160, 165Løland, H. 11

MacDonald, N. 50Machinist, P. 195Magdalene, F. R. 174, 185Maier, C. 168, 174, 184Maier, M. P. 67Malley, M. 57Marks, H. 12McKane, W. 125, 127–32, 179–80,199–200

Meade, D. G. 72Migsch, H. 126, 128Miller, G. D. 84

Miller, J. W. 81, 87Miller, Jr., P. D. 85Moughtin-Mumby, S. 54, 87Moyal, H. 196, 198Muraoka, T. 179

Na’aman, N. 234Navarro, E. F. 63Nichols, G. C. 266Nielsen, K. 55, 220Nogalski, J. 15, 251Noth, M. 249Novotny, J. 190

O’Brien, J. M. 94Oded, B. 189–90Odell, M. S. 83Oestreich, B. 229–30Olyan, S. M. 223Osuji, A. 99Oswalt, J. N. 34–35, 39, 42Otto, E. 70, 76

Pantoja, J. M. 218, 220Pardee, D. 105Parker, J. 51Patte, D. 157Paul, S. M. 24, 40, 48, 202, 206, 208, 239Pearce, L. E. 100, 191Petersen, D. L. 233–34, 238, 252Petterson, A. R. 264Pohlmann, K. F. 127, 139–40, 163,171–73, 176–78

Poulsen, F. 27, 35–36, 42, 145, 242Power, C. 36Preuß, H. D. 162

Raitt, T. M. 90Reimer, D. 244Renz, T. 165Richards, I. A. 56Ricæur, P. 56Roberts, J. J. M. 198Rodoreda, M. 265Rom-Shiloni, D. 54, 64, 81, 84, 86,190–91, 201

Rudolph, W. 126–27, 129, 132, 179–80,200

Sanders, J. A. 89Schapiro, M. 260Schmid, K. 180

Index 289

Schütte, W. 238Schwemer, A. M. 261Scliar, M. 266Seitz, C. R. 34, 84, 127Sharp, C. 97, 99–101, 104Shields, M. E. 168, 172, 174Skinner, J. 122, 125Smelik, K. A. D. 105–6Smith, D. L. 47Smith, D. M. 46Smith, G. A. 256Smith, J. Z. 21Smith, M. S. 218Smith-Christopher, D. L. 52, 63, 256Smoak, J. D. 53Sommer, B. 75Soskice, J. M. 85Sperber, J. 128Steck, O. H. 27, 70, 76, 175, 184–85Stern, D. 218Stern, J. 55Stevens, M. E. 67Stiebert, J. 175, 183–84Stienstra, N. 179Streane, A. W. 128, 131Stipp, H.-J. 126–27, 130, 133–34Stone, K. 183Stowe, D. W. 59Stromberg, J. 19, 33, 35, 64Stulman, L. 224Sweeney, M. A. 18, 24, 39, 52, 73, 195,197, 249

Tadmor, H. 189, 195Tiemeyer, L.-S. 25, 91, 208, 258Tov, E. 98–99Trible, P. 182Tsevat, M. 128Turner, K. J. 28Turner, M. 219, 221

van Dijk-Hemmes, F. 168, 185van Hecke, P. 11van Wieringen, A. L. H. M. 20Vanoni, G. 259

von Rad, G. 88Vieweger, D. 81Volz, P. 125, 127, 129, 132

Wanke, G. 123, 132, 134Washington, H. C. 181Weems, R. 168Weimer, P. 259Weinfeld, M. 71Weippert, H. 100, 222Weiser, A. 127Weiss, M. 218Westermann, C. 24, 76, 169, 206Wetter, A.-M. 32Wevers, J. W. 164Widengren, G. 30, 32Wildberger, H. 12, 34, 36, 39, 41, 194,196, 198

Willey, P. T. 49–50, 52–53Williamson, H. G. M. 34, 93, 241Willis, J. T. 38, 50Willis, W. 47Wilson, I. D. 14, 20–21Wilson, R. R. 83Winnicott, D. W. 14Wischnowsky, M. 184Wolff, H. W. 68Wong, K. L. 164–65Wright, C. H. H. 256Wu, D. Y. 183Wunsch, C. 100, 191

Yamada, S. 195Yerushalmi, Y. H. 58Yoshiaki, Y. 60Young, E. J. 34Younger, Jr., K. L. 234

Zenger, E. 69, 74, 102Ziegler, J. 128Zimmerli, W. 139–40, 143–45, 162–64,170–73, 176–77, 225

Zobel, H.-J. 169, 181–82Zohary, M. 220Zoric, V. 55