Jumpstart AssignmentJumpstart Assignment Describe the political cartoon Describe the political cartoon

below.below.

Fundamental Freedoms:Fundamental Freedoms:The 1The 1stst Amendment Amendment

Chapter 19Chapter 19

Civil LibertiesCivil Liberties Basic freedoms that are protected from Basic freedoms that are protected from

government violation.government violation.

Are rights unlimited?Are rights unlimited? Civil Liberties vs. good of the publicCivil Liberties vs. good of the public

The 14The 14 thth Amendment Amendment

1414thth Amendments “Due Process Amendments “Due Process Clause” Clause” – “No State shall…. – “No State shall…. Deprive any person of life, liberty, Deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of or property, without due process of law…..”law…..” This clause has been used to apply the This clause has been used to apply the

Constitutional protections of the Bill of Constitutional protections of the Bill of Rights to the States.Rights to the States.

Freedom of ReligionFreedom of Religion

Establishment Clause:Establishment Clause: “Congress shall “Congress shall make no law respecting an make no law respecting an establishment of religion.”establishment of religion.”

A “wall of separation between A “wall of separation between church and state”?church and state”?

How would you describe the wall?How would you describe the wall?

Establishment ClauseEstablishment Clause (continued) (continued) Religion in Public SchoolsReligion in Public Schools

Engel v. VitaleEngel v. Vitale (1962) – the (1962) – the Supreme Court outlawed the use of Supreme Court outlawed the use of a recited prayer in New York a recited prayer in New York schoolsschools

Can public high school football Can public high school football players pray before a game?players pray before a game?

Santa Fe School District vs. Doe Santa Fe School District vs. Doe (2000)(2000) Supreme Court struck down a Supreme Court struck down a

Texas High School student led Texas High School student led prayerprayer

Can student religious groups Can student religious groups meet on school property?meet on school property?

Westside Community Schools vs. Westside Community Schools vs. Mergens (1990) Mergens (1990) – public schools – public schools must allow student religious groups must allow student religious groups to meet in the school on the same to meet in the school on the same terms that it sets for other student terms that it sets for other student organizations.organizations.

Can schools give kids “release Can schools give kids “release time” to have religious classes?time” to have religious classes? McCollum v. Board of Education McCollum v. Board of Education

(1948) (1948) – not in public facilities.– not in public facilities. Zorach v. Clauson (1952) Zorach v. Clauson (1952) – it’s – it’s

okay as long as it’s on private okay as long as it’s on private property.property.

Establishment ClauseEstablishment Clause (continued) (continued)

Government Aid for ReligionGovernment Aid for Religion Lemon v. KurtzmanLemon v. Kurtzman (1971) – (1971) –

government laws mustgovernment laws must Have a nonreligious purposeHave a nonreligious purpose Neither advance nor limit Neither advance nor limit

religionreligion Not result in excessive Not result in excessive

government involvement with government involvement with religionreligion

Free Exercise ClauseFree Exercise Clause

““Congress shall make no law… Congress shall make no law… prohibiting the free exercise” of prohibiting the free exercise” of religionreligion

Supreme Courts view: religious Supreme Courts view: religious practices may be restricted if practices may be restricted if they threaten the health and they threaten the health and safety of others or if they violate safety of others or if they violate social standards.social standards.

Free Exercise Case Studies:Free Exercise Case Studies: Can Amish school children end at 8Can Amish school children end at 8thth grade grade

despite a state law which requires students to despite a state law which requires students to go until they are 16? go until they are 16? Wisconsin v. YoderWisconsin v. Yoder

Can you smoke an illegal drug as part of a Can you smoke an illegal drug as part of a religious service? religious service? Oregon v. SmithOregon v. Smith

Can a school suspend a student for not saluting Can a school suspend a student for not saluting the U.S. flag even though the school requires the U.S. flag even though the school requires it? it? West Virginia v. BarnetteWest Virginia v. Barnette

Can you sacrifice animals as part of a church Can you sacrifice animals as part of a church service? service? Lukumi Babalu Aye v. City of HialeahLukumi Babalu Aye v. City of Hialeah