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Galileo Concept of Operations, First IOV LEOP and Initial Operations

Marco LISISenior Member AIAA

European Space Agency

SpaceOps 2012, Stockholm, June 11-15 2012

Table of Contents

Introduction Galileo System Overview Galileo Concept of Operations Galileo IOV System Configuration Launch, LEOP and Early Operations Conclusions

Summary EGNOS and Galileo are the key elements of the European navigation “system of systems”, a strategic and critical infrastructure of EU;The Galileo global navigation satellite system, joint initiative by the European Union and the European Space Agency, is one of most ambitious and technologically advanced service oriented system being developed in Europe, by European industries and with European resources;The first two satellites of the Galileo constellation were successfully launched on 21st October 2011, after an integrated effort at systems engineering, operations and ILS level.

4

GALILEO Program essentials

Galileo is Europe's initiative for a state-of-the-art global navigation satellite system, providing a highly accurate, guaranteed global positioning service under civilian control While providing autonomous navigation and positioning services, Galileo will at the same time be interoperable with GPS and GLONASS, the two other global satellite navigation systems The fully deployed Galileo system will consist of 30 satellites and the associated ground infrastructure.

The Galileo System

Galileo Incremental Deployment

Open Service

Commercial Service

Safety of Life Service

Search and Rescue Service

Free to air; Mass market; Simple positioning

Encrypted; High accuracy; Guaranteed service

Open Service + Integrity of signal

Encrypted; Continuous availability

Near real-time; Precise; Return link feasible

Public RegulatedService

Galileo Services

Galileo Concept of Operations

9

Galileo Key Operational Processes

Galileo KPI’s Dashboard

1st level maintenance

2nd level maintenance

Downtime of Control Centers

Spare parts availability

Preventive maintenance

Respect of procedures

In Orbit Validation Objectives

Control Centres

Estaciones de Referencia

ConstellationSignal in Space

Mission U/L

Stations

Sensor StationsUsers

TT&CStations

Galileo IOV System Architecture

IOV-1 Satellites

Overall SpacecraftMass at Launch (incl. Propellant)Power ConsumptionDimensions:LifetimeOrbit InjectionAttitude Profile

~700 kg1420 W2.74 x 14.5 x 1.59 m12 yearsDirect into MEO orbit Yaw Steered

Galileo ConstellationWalker 27/3/1 constellation

plus 3 in-orbit spares

Semi-major axis29600.318 km

Inclination 56 deg

Period: 14h 4m 42s

Ground trackrepeat cycle10 days / 17 orbits

Galileo IOV – Ground Control Centres

© Axel Schultes Architekten

2 Complementary Control Centres:

• Ground Mission Segment (GMS)in Fucino has the responsibilityfor the mission aspects ,

• Ground Control Segment (GCS)in Oberpfaffenhofen, to control and monitor the constellation.

Both centres will be completed to become fully redundant.

GCC-D at DLR - Oberpfaffenhofen

GCC-I at Telespazio - Fucino

Soyuz Launch Site at Centre Spatial Guyanais(Kourou)

Kiruna TT&C Site

Redu IOT Station L-Band 21mt dish Redu C-band antenna

Redu IOT Station

IOT Measurement System Online Area

Galileo IOV Operations Overview

Initial in-orbit operations (LEOP) are conducted from the LEOP Control Centre (LOCC) in CNES Toulouse (F)Following the start of the orbit drift phase, C&C of each S/C is handed-over to the Galileo Control Centre (GCC-D) in DLR Oberpfaffenhofen (D), in charge of all following PF/PL operationsPL IOT activities are conducted from the Galileo IOT Station in Redu (B), with the S/C controlled by GCC-DSpecific PL IOT tests cases are executed from the Galileo Control Centre (GCC-I) in TPZ Fucino (I), in charge of all mission operations activities

FM2 arrival 08/09

PFM arrival15/09

Autonomous Operations08‐30/09

IOV-1 Launch Campaign (1/3)

Dispense Integration04‐05/10

Fregat Integration10/10

FM2 & PFM fuelling26 & 30/09

IOV-1 Launch Campaign (2/3)

Soyuz Rollout14/10

Upper Composite integrated in Soyuz 14/10

Fairing Encapsulation and transport12‐14/10

IOV-1 Launch Campaign (3/3)

October 21st 2011: First IOV Launch

IOV-1 Launch Sequence

Galileo IOV LEOP (1/2)

After S/C separation from Soyuz/Fregat, LOCC monitors the automatic INIT sequence

TT&C TM transmitter ONAOC units ONRate dampingInitial sun acquisitionSolar arrays deployment

After initial verification of the Platform S/S status, the S/C is commanded to Earth acquisition

Galileo IOV LEOP (2/2)

Initial orbit maneuvers are then performed for:Correcting the orbit injection errors andReaching the initial target orbit with the required accuracyPositioning the S/C in its allocated orbital slot

After completion of the drift start man oeuvres, the S/C is commanded to Normal Mode (which is the nominal satellite operational mode)

Yaw steering control ensures that the solar arrays are tracking the Sun and the navigation antenna is pointed towards Earth

Control of each spacecraft is then handed-over to the GCC-D for all following operations

This constitutes the end of LEOP controlled activities

C&C Handover to GCC-D

The Handover process checks the status of each S/C for:

Orbital elements of the satelliteEstimation of drift rateFuel consumption from operation until C&C hand-overStatus of each S/S

• Handover from LOCC to GCC-D is performed after completion of the manoeuvres to start the drift phase

• It is carried during combined visibility from the LEOP GS and the TTCF

Operations from GCC-D

The main components of the GCS infrastructure covers:Spacecraft Constellation Control Facility (SCCF) based on ESA SCOS 5Key Management Facilities (KMF) for S-Band TM/TC encryptionTracking, Telemetry and Control Facility (TTCF) in Kourou and Kiruna

• GCC-D is in charge of operations of the Galileo constellation

• In IOV, the Ground Control Segment (GCS) facilities are deployed in the GCC-D for command and control of the space, GCS, and GCC hosting infrastructure

IOT Operations from Redu

• Following the navigation payload switch on from GCC-D, In Orbit Tests are conducted to• verify the performances of the L-

Band navigation signals and messages, and to receive the SAR payload test downlink

• transmit navigation test messages towards GALILEO satellites

• transmit test signals to the GALILEO Search And Rescue (SAR) payload

• The IOT Measurement System controls the whole system to• track the GALILEO satellites• perform the measurements• produce the test reports• connect to the GCC-D to retrieve

satellite telemetry and flight dynamics data.

First Galileo IOV Signal Received

Operations from GCC-I

After completion of IOT Campaign, routine operations are jointly conducted from GCC-D (PF/PL control) and GCC-I (navigation mission control)The GCC-I Ground Mission Segment (GMS) infrastructure processes the L-Band data received from the remote stations, and uplinks the C-Band navigation messages

GNSoS

ATMGEOSS

The Global Navigation Satellite SoS

ConclusionsGalileo is one of the most challenging and rewarding initiatives of the European Union, with numerous fall-outs in terms of technological, industrial and operational know-how and capabilitiesGalileo is a service-oriented system of systems, aiming at delivering services through a dynamic configuration of people, organizational networks and shared information (processes, metrics, policies, regulations) Service systems, such as Galileo, need the adoption of specific systems engineering methods and special attention to operational, governance and Integrated Logistic Support aspects

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