generations of computers
DESCRIPTION
K-12 lesson on ICTTRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Generations of Computers](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062221/563dbb65550346aa9aaccffd/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Lesson 1
GENERATIONS OF
COMPUTER
![Page 2: Generations of Computers](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062221/563dbb65550346aa9aaccffd/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Lesson 1 FIRST GENERATION1940-1956Vacuum Tubes ENIAC, UNIVAC, MARK I
![Page 3: Generations of Computers](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062221/563dbb65550346aa9aaccffd/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Lesson 1Characteristicswere bulky, expensive and not reliable. The only programming language that this computer used was a machine language, which is difficult to use.
![Page 4: Generations of Computers](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062221/563dbb65550346aa9aaccffd/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Lesson 1
The fault of the vacuum tubes are it was not a long live component,
it requires too much electricity,
and it was so very expensive.
![Page 5: Generations of Computers](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062221/563dbb65550346aa9aaccffd/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Lesson 1
![Page 6: Generations of Computers](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062221/563dbb65550346aa9aaccffd/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
A vacuum tube is a glass tube surrounds with a vacuum (an area from which all gases have been removed) What makes it interesting is that, when electrical contacts are put on the ends, you can get a current to flow through the vacuum. Thomas Edison invented the vacuum tubes in 1883.
![Page 7: Generations of Computers](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062221/563dbb65550346aa9aaccffd/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
VACUUM TUBE
![Page 8: Generations of Computers](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062221/563dbb65550346aa9aaccffd/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Lesson 1 SECOND GENERATION
1956-1963a transistorized base
Characteristicsit is much cheaper than the vacuum tubes,
![Page 9: Generations of Computers](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062221/563dbb65550346aa9aaccffd/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Lesson 1
smaller in size, dissipated less heat,
relatively longer life expectancy
and more reliable.
![Page 10: Generations of Computers](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062221/563dbb65550346aa9aaccffd/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Lesson 1
![Page 11: Generations of Computers](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062221/563dbb65550346aa9aaccffd/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
A transistor is a semiconductor device used to amplify and switch electronic signals. It is made of a solid piece of semiconductor material, with at least three terminals for connection to an external circuit.
![Page 12: Generations of Computers](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062221/563dbb65550346aa9aaccffd/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
In 1947, John Bardeen and Walter Brattain, working at Bell Telephone Laboratories, transistor was invented but did not see widespread use in computers until the
late 1950’s.
![Page 13: Generations of Computers](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062221/563dbb65550346aa9aaccffd/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
TRANSISTOR
![Page 14: Generations of Computers](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062221/563dbb65550346aa9aaccffd/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Lesson 1 THIRD GENERATION
1964-1971 Integrated
Circuits Robert Noyce
and Jack Kilby
![Page 15: Generations of Computers](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062221/563dbb65550346aa9aaccffd/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Lesson 1
It is highly reliable It is compact It is expensive It reduce the
power requirement of using computers
Characteristics:
![Page 16: Generations of Computers](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062221/563dbb65550346aa9aaccffd/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
•Robert Noyce •Jack Kilby
![Page 17: Generations of Computers](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062221/563dbb65550346aa9aaccffd/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
INTEGRATED CIRCUITS
![Page 18: Generations of Computers](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062221/563dbb65550346aa9aaccffd/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
An integrated circuit(IC),sometimes called a chip or microchip ,is a semiconductor wafer on which thousands
![Page 19: Generations of Computers](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062221/563dbb65550346aa9aaccffd/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
or millions of tiny resistors, capacitors, and transistors are fabricated.
![Page 20: Generations of Computers](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062221/563dbb65550346aa9aaccffd/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
An IC can function as an amplifier, oscillator, timer, counter, computer memory, or microprocessor.
![Page 21: Generations of Computers](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062221/563dbb65550346aa9aaccffd/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
A particular IC is categorized as either linear (analog or digital, depending on its intended application.
![Page 22: Generations of Computers](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062221/563dbb65550346aa9aaccffd/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
![Page 23: Generations of Computers](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062221/563dbb65550346aa9aaccffd/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Lesson 1 FOURTH GENERATION
1971-present More circuits were compressed into single chips ( Microprocessor)
Increase in the speed and reliability
Greater storage capacity
Microcomputers called Personal Computer (PC) was developed.
![Page 24: Generations of Computers](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062221/563dbb65550346aa9aaccffd/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
A microprocessor or processor is the heart of the computer and it performs all the computational tasks, calculations and data processing etc. inside the computer.
![Page 25: Generations of Computers](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062221/563dbb65550346aa9aaccffd/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
CPU
![Page 26: Generations of Computers](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062221/563dbb65550346aa9aaccffd/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Microprocessor is the brain of the computer. In the computers, the most popular type of the processor is the Intel Pentium chip and the Pentium IV is the latest chip by Intel Corporation.
![Page 27: Generations of Computers](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062221/563dbb65550346aa9aaccffd/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
![Page 28: Generations of Computers](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062221/563dbb65550346aa9aaccffd/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Lesson 1 FIFTH GENERATION
(Artificial Intelligence)present and beyond
Chips became super-fast and powerful.
Pentium chip was created by INTEL company. Pentium 5 as the latest in their series.
![Page 29: Generations of Computers](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062221/563dbb65550346aa9aaccffd/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Lesson 1 Widespread use of
computers in terms of worldwide applications such as Internet, Teleconferencing
Advance computer applications such as artificial intelligence, simulations, and robotics.
![Page 30: Generations of Computers](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062221/563dbb65550346aa9aaccffd/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
COMPUTERS IN THE
FIFTH GENERATION