WELCOME

WELCOME

GEOMETRIC OPTICS

Mata Kuliah : ESP

TWO KIND OF REFLECTIONS

The reflection of light can be roughly categorized into two types of reflection: specular reflection is defined as light reflected from a smooth surface at a definite angle, and diffuse reflection, which is produced by rough surfaces that tend to reflect light in all directions

TWO KIND OF REFLECTIONS

Specular reflection Diffuse reflection

WHEN THE DIFFUSE REFLECTION OCCUR?

It is hard to believe, but you have to know that all objects reflect rays, but those which surface is not flat give diffuse reflection and become indirect-lighting device. Yes, your hand also reflects and diffuse much of the light it receives. Its surface is rough, so rays have different angles of incidence and different angles of reflection and are diffused. This phenomenon allows us to see objects which are not the sources of light.

HOW THE MIRROR WORK?

h h’

Images are classified as real or virtual. A real image is formed when light rays pass through and diverge from the image point; a virtual image is formed when the light rays do not pass through the image point but appear to diverge from that point.

Lateral magnification

HOW THE MIRROR WORK?

A flat mirror produces an image that has an apparent left–right

reversal. You can see this reversal by standing in front of a mirror

and raising your right hand. The image you see raises its left hand. Likewise, your hair appears to be parted on the side opposite your

real part, and a mole on your right cheek appears to be on your

left cheek.

SPHERICAL MIRROR

A spherical mirror, as its name implies, has the shape of a section of a sphere. This type of mirror focuses incoming parallel rays to a point, as demonstrated by the colored light rays.

CONCAVE MIRROR

(a) A concave mirror of radius R. The center of curvature C is located on theprincipal axis. (b) A point object placed at O in front of a concave spherical mirror of radius R, where O is any point on the principal axis farther than R from the mirror surface, forms a real image at I. If the rays diverge from O at small angles, they all re.ect through the same image point.

CONCAVE MIRROR

Lateral magnification :

Mirror equation :

In term of f :

ESTABLISHMENT OF SHADOWS BY THIN LENSESSAME PRINCIPLE, SUCH AS FORMATION OF SHADOWS ON THE EVENTS OF LIGHT REFLECTION, USING A SPECIAL LIGHT RULES:SPECIAL BEAM TO CONVERGING LENS (A POSITIVE LENS);• RAYS COME PARALLEL TO THE MAIN AXIS WILL BE REFRACTED TOWARD THE FOCAL POINT (F).• RAYS COME TO THE POINT OF FOCUS (F) WOULD BE REFRACTED PARALLEL TO THE MAIN AXIS.• RAYS TOWARD THE CENTER OF CURVATURE (P) WILL BE FORWARDED.

F F p

+

ESTABLISHMENT OF SHADOWS BY THIN LENSESRAYS SPECIAL FOR DIVERGENT THIN LENSES (NEGATIVE LENSES);• RAYS COME PARALLEL TO THE MAIN AXIS WILL BE REFRACTED AS IF FROM THE POINT OF FOCUS (F).• RAYS COME TO THE POINT OF FOCUS (F) WOULD BE REFRACTED PARALLEL TO THE MAIN AXIS.• RAYS TOWARD THE CENTER OF CURVATURE (P) WILL BE FORWARDED.

F

F p

-

ESTABLISHMENT OF SHADOWS BY THIN LENSESBANYANGAN FORMATION BY THE LENS ISSUE WOULD BE INTERESTING IF DONE THE MERGER OF TWO LENSES.NOTE:COAT OF LENS IS USUALLY USED A LINE THAT IS MARKED "+" OR "-".IMAGE FORMATION BY LENSES OF POSITIVE-POSITIVE :

+ +

F1

F1

F2

F2 Benda

Nyata Bayangan Nyata Terbalik

Bayangan Nyata Tegak

THANK YOU

CREATED BY:RAHMAWATI TH. DIAMANTI

09 312 405 KELAS C

JURUSAN FISIKAFAKULTAS MATEMATIKA DAN ILMU PENGETAHUAN

ALAMUNIVERSITAS NEGERI MANADO

2010

THE END