gis based multi criteria suitability analysis of community hospital

GIS Based Multi Criteria Suitability Analysis of

Community Hospital

A Presentation on

Submitted To:Mr. K. Humayun Kabir

Assistant ProfessorMr. Md. Sabbir Sharif

Lecturer

Submitted By:Group No: 03

10170101017015101701910170401017059

DEPARTMENT OF URBAN & REGIONAL PLANNING

KHULNA UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

Course No: URP 3182 Course No: GIS & Remote Sensing Studio

GIS Based Suitability Analysis ofCommunity Hospital

• Location decision is probably the most significant decision which will affect its subsequent business to success, since a proper location may attract a large number of potential stakeholders.

• Establishing a hospital in urban districts has its own positive and negative consequences. Positive impacts may include increase in property value in neighboring periphery as well as improving health related accessibility for the residents of that district. More important are negative side-effects such as environmental contamination and inducing new waves of traffic flow appearing on the network serving the district.

• The constituency and multi-criteria nature of the hospital location make the issue as complex as cannot be addressed with conventional managing tools. Therefore, health planners can find location through suitability analysis of Geographic information system (GIS).

1 Introduction:


The study area is located at Dhaka, the capital city of Bangladesh. Specifically Ward No-22 is the study area. It consists of Bagichar Tek, Nasirer Tek, Ullan Tek, Paschim Rampura, Purba Rampura and Uttar Banasree.

Location:This ward of Dhaka city lies between 23045’51.16”N – 23045’42.86”N and 90024’57.60”E – 90025’59.25”E.

Area: 530 acrePopulation: 86,363

2 Study Area:


The objectives are underlying:• To know about suitability analysis.• To find out the locational criteria of community hospitals.• To identify areas that are more or less suitable for

development. • To select the suitable site as community hospitals depending

on multi-criteria analysis through G.I.S. application.

3 Objectives:


Suitability analysis in a GIS context is a geographic or GIS-based process used to determine the appropriateness of a given area for a particular use. • The basic premise of GIS suitability analysis is that each aspect of

the landscape has intrinsic characteristics that are in some degree either suitable or unsuitable for the activities being planned.

• Suitability is determined through systematic, multi-factor analysis of the different aspect of the terrain.

• Model inputs include a variety of physical, cultural, and economic factors.

• The results are often displayed on a map that is used to highlight areas from high to low suitability.

• The Suitability Analysis is a Geographic Information Systems (GIS) based tool for evaluating the relative suitability of location for. The end product is a generalized map showing areas that are categorized as having either least, low, moderate, or high suitability for development.

4 Suitability Analysis:

GIS Based Suitability Analysis ofCommunity HospitalMethodology:5

Is there a problem or an opportunity for change?

What are the alternatives?

Which alternative is best?

GIS Based Suitability Analysis ofCommunity HospitalCriteria Evaluation & Selection:

Three types of criteria are selected:1. Infrastructural Criteria: The building types i.e. residential,

educational, commercial, religious, under construction and roads are considered in this section.

2. Economic Criteria: The location should be economically feasible. That’s why it is economical if the location is near to any vacant land, otherwise a pre built up area is economically non-feasible to build a urban health center. Another point is location near a NGO office, thus the NGO can afford the health center easily.

3. Environmental Criteria: The location should be near to WASA so that the water supply and disposal of wastes can be associated by WASA. It should not be very near to water body.

6

GIS Based Suitability Analysis ofCommunity HospitalCriteria Evaluation & Selection:6

CriteriaSuitability Classes (meter)

Very Suitable Moderately Suitable Less Suitable

Roads 0-16 16-34 34-50

Residential Building 0-6 6-14 14-20

Commercial Building 200-300 100-200 0-100

Educational Building 130-200 60-130 0-60

WASA 0-16 16-34 34-50

Vacant Land 0-3 3-7 7-10

Water Body 70-100 30-70 0-30

Religious Building 200-300 100-200 0-100

Slum 200-300 100-200 0-100

Buildings Under Construction 260-400 130-260 0-130

NGO 0-20 20-40 40-60

Decision rules for multi-criteria analysis for suitability site selection

GIS Based Suitability Analysis ofCommunity HospitalCriteria Evaluation & Selection:6

CriteriaPercentage (%) of

Influence

Roads 22

Residential Building 17

Commercial Building 12

Educational Building 10

WASA 9

Vacant Land 8

Water Body 7

Religious Building 6

Slum 4

Buildings Under Construction 3

NGO 2

Criteria

Percentage (%) of

Influence

Roads 40

Vacant Land 30

Commercial Building15

Educational Building10

Residential Building5

Scenario 1 Scenario 2

The percentages of influence

GIS Based Suitability Analysis ofCommunity HospitalProcedures:7

Weighted Overlay of the Raster Files

Reclassifying raster files

Defining Euclidean Distance for each raster file

Rasterizing shape files

Exporting data from shape file

Criteria based shape file selection


a. Criteria based shape file selection:


b. Exporting data from shape file:


c. Rasterizing shape files:


d. Defining Euclidean Distance for each raster file:


e. Reclassifying raster files


f. Weighted Overlay of the raster files:

GIS Based Suitability Analysis ofCommunity HospitalResult:8Suitability Map of

Community Hospitals in Ward No-22, Dhaka

GIS Based Suitability Analysis ofCommunity HospitalLimitations of the Study:

The total project work has some limitations:• Insufficient Data:

The data which are provided was limited. For a suitability analysis of an urban health center demographic data is a prominent criteria. But in the GIS layer demographic data was absent. This data could be collected from a secondary data source, but that would be inappropriate.

• Non licensed software: The available ArcGIS v10 software is a non licensed version from ESRI. That’s why, many tools did not work properly. Such as, Weighted Overlay tool. It could not determine the result for more than 5 raster dataset. So that the criteria was limited to 5 from 11.

9

GIS Based Suitability Analysis ofCommunity HospitalDiscussion:

• Criteria Selection: The criteria was selected through physical assumptions and references. No mathematical logic was used to select them.

• Non licensed weighted overlay tool: The software was non licensed. That’s why, the weighted overlay tool could not calculate over 5 raster files. So that we took the Scenario 2 for analysis.

• Poor representation: The final output map is too large. The Representative Factor (RF) is 1cm=101 meter. It could be better if it is represented in 20”×30”. But scarcity of a plotter is the reason to poor representation.

10

GIS Based Suitability Analysis ofCommunity HospitalConclusion:

This study used GIS integrated standard methodology for the selection of sites, which are suitable for the urban health center. This methodology incorporates a large number of environmental and economic factors which are essential to identify the sites which have no or minimum adverse impact on environment. The study illustrates the importance of GIS technology in the present days. GIS technology, as an information tool, has helped in the acquisition of recent land use information studies aimed at solving land suitability problems. Further integrating this data using GIS has helped in the analysis of the study, which would have otherwise been difficult to do manually using the conventional method. The involvement of such factors or criteria requires adequate database of different dimensions. So adequate attention is required for data management to ensure the perfection of the decision based methodology. Though GIS based methodology is highly sophisticated or developed or standard one but it’s success depend on the proper and careful application of it. Thus with the use of these technologies management of urban health will no longer be a problem for city administrators.

11


ThankYou

gis based multi criteria suitability analysis of community hospital

Data & Analytics