Teaching of English

Grammar-translation method

The method requires students to

translate whole texts word by word

and memorize numerous

grammatical rules and exceptions as well as enormous vocabulary lists.

The Grammar-translation Method

is a foreign language teaching

method derived from the classical

method of teaching Greek and Latin .

The Grammar-Translation Method

HISTORY .

The, The Grammar-Translation Method is not new. It has had different names, but it has been used by language teachers for many years. At one time it was called Classical Method since it was first used in the teaching of the classical languages, Latin and Greek. Earlier in 20th century, this method was used for the purpose of helping students read and appreciate foreign language literature.,

In the 18th century foreign languages started to appear on the school curricula, requiring a systematic approach to teach them. Grammar Translation was in fact first known in the United States as the Prussian Method.

Principles

3- Literary language is

consider superior to spoken

language and is therefore the

language student study.

1- The teacher’s role is to be the

authority in the classroom. The

student’s role is to do what the teacher

says.

2- Most of the

interaction in classroom is

from the teacher to

the student.

5- The language

that is used in class is mostly the student’s

native language.

6- Written test in which students

have to translate from there native

language to the target language

or vise versa.

7- if students make errors or don’t know an answer, the

teacher supplies them with the

correct answer.

4- There is much less attention given to speaking

and listening.

Goals

1- Be able to read literature written in the target language.

2- teach grammar rules and vocabulary of the target language.

CHARACTERISTICS

1- Students are taught to translate from one language to another.

2- They translate readings in target language about some aspect of the culture of the foreign language community.

3- Students study grammar deductively, they have to memorize.

4- Students learn grammatical paradigms such as verb conjugation.

5- Students memorize native language equivalents for foreign language vocabulary words.

TECHNIQUES

Cognates

Students are taught to recognize cognates by learning the spelling or

sound patterns that correspond between the languages.

TECHNIQUES

TECHNIQUES

Deductive application of rule

Grammar rules are presented with examples.

TECHNIQUES

Fill-in-the-blanksStudents

are given a series of sentences with words missing.

Techniques

Memorization• Students are given lists of target

language vocabulary words and their native language equivalents and are asked to memorize them

Use words in sentences• Students makes new sentences in

which they use the new words.

Composition• The teacher gives the students a topic to

write about in the target language.  Sometimes instead of creating a composition, students are asked to prepare a presentation of the reading passage.

EXAMPLE

Hello Please Boy Girl

SENTENCEPlease give me thisEnglish book

Hola Por favor chico Chica

SENTENCEPor favor déme este Libro inglés

English spanish

Translation is the easiest way of

explaining meaning or words and phrases from

one language to another.Students are more

familiar with both languages ( the target

language and the native language) by using

translation.

Teachers can ask and also discuss about some

topics by the mother tongue.

Advantages

Communication between the teacher and learners does not

cause linguistic problems.

Advantages

Disadvantages

The grammar translation method lays emphasis on reading and

writing. It neglects speech.

Speech is neglected for the reason that grammar is the

principal skill used

DISADVANTAGES

Exact translation is not possible. Translation is,

indeed, a difficult task and exact translation from one language to another is not

always possible.

The person who have learnt a foreign or second language through this method find it

difficult to give up the habit of first thinking in their mother tongue and then translating their ideas into the second

language.

conclusion

Students will learn grammar by using translation from

the target language to the

first language with teacher’s help and

using long text, phrases and then

translate to known language.