Greek Sculpture Claire Wu, Denise, Hughes

Greek SculptureThe Archaic Period----Claire&Denise

The Classical Period--------Hughes

Parthenon&Sculptures-----Claire

The Hellenistic Period------Denise

Similarity& Influence

• Greek Proportion

• Harmony,Perfection Peak:High Classical Style (ca.480-400 B.C.E.)• A standard of beauty and excellence • Influential to Western cultural expression

The Archaic Periodca.700-480 BCE

1.Influence:Egypt2.Function: Memorial,Cult statues, and Funeral

monument3.Features:

a. Male Nudeb.Archaic smilec. freestandingd.left foot striding oute. life size or larger

Kouros (Male youth ) (Early Archaic)

• P.112 Figure 5.6• Freestanding• Unclothed young man• Frontal pose• Rigid and vertical pose

Arms closed to his sides • Left foot striding forward• body weight shared

equally on both feet

When can I dress up?

Greek v.s. Egypt

• Similar: proportion and technique

• Different: 1.Greek:nude Egypt: kilt skirt 2.Greek:freestanding Egypt: with the slab of

stone to support 3.Weight distribution Greek: even Egypt:uneven4.Greek: more realistic

Don’t wanna walk like Egyp

tianYou! Copy

Cat!

Calf-Bearer:(ca. 575-550 B.C.E)

• More realistic: abdominal

muscles, sensitive bull, semi-precious

stone (pearls…etc)

• More gentle →smile

(figure 5.7, p112)

Kroisos (Late Archaic)(figure 5.8, p113)•The warrior •Attention to knee and calf muscles •Harmony: stands aggressively forward, but forearms in ward•Energy •Blissful smile (more)•Reflect optimism in early Greeks

The Classical Period

(480-323 B.C.E)

Time line

1. The Early classical period: 480~450 B.C

2. The High Classical age: 450~400 B.C

3. The Late classical period: 400~323 B.C

The classical style

• Feature– The meaning of classical– The ideal proportion style– Solemn and contemplative

• Influence:– Standard of beauty

The early classical period

1. Compare and contrast between Koisos and Kritos Boy

2. compare and contrast two different cannon

KroisosFigure 5.8

– The Archaic period

– Robust– Forearm turn

in toward his body

– Blissful smile

KritiosFigure 5.9• The classical period• Sensuous• Weight on his

left leg• Contrapposto(weight shift )• Protrude at juncture• No smile•Severe Style

The human proportion Figure 5.2

•Calculated

•Flexible

•Symmetry

•Correspond to human body

Differences between two cannon

The Egyptian Cannon

•Fixed proportion

•Not calculated

The High Classical age

1. Doryphorus (Spear-Bearer)

2. The Discobolus (Discus-thrower)

3. Zeus

Doryphorus

(Spear-Bearer )

Figure 5.1

•The embodiment of proportion

•Ideal warrior athlete

•Energy

•Poised

•Grace

The DiscobolusBy Mylon•The captured movement •Ideal proportion

Zeus

Figure 5.10

•Vigorous action

•Tense body

•The length of arms and legs

•Geometric muscles

•Symmetrical trapezoids

•Wavy line

The late classical period

1. Application:Weight Sift and Curve!

2. Compare and contrast between Kore and Aphrodite of Knido

Aphrodite of knidos

Figure 5.12

Late Classical

•Ideal female style

•curved

•Naked

•Weight Shift

Kore

Figure 5.11

•Archaic

•Ornamental

•Smiling

•With clothed

The Parthenon (p.116 Figure5.13)

Greek Architecture:The Parthenon• 448-432 BCE• Two architects: Ictinus and Kallicrates• Sculptor: Phidas• Dedication: Athena• Religious &Secular Purpose: to serve the living, not the dead (Egypt) • Human proportion(Golden Ratio), symmetry

The Greek order (p.117. F.5.16)

• 1.Doric 2.Ionic 3.Corinthian• Simple&Severe Delicate----- the most ornate• &Ornamental

The Sculpture of the Parthenon (p.119. F.5.18)

• Location1.pediment2.metopes3.frieze

(outer wall of cella)• Subject: about Athena• Feature: High Relief

East pediment of the Parthenon (p.119.f.5.19)

Three Goddesses (p.119.F.5.20)

West pediment of the Parthenon

"Lapith and Centaur" Metopep.120 Figure5.21

“A Group of Young Horsemen”(p.120.F.5.22)from the north frieze

“water bearer, musician, and votaries” from east frieze (p.121.f.5.23)

Hellenistic Age 320-30 B.C.E

The Diffusion of the Classical Style The Hellenistic Age (“Greek-like”) Alexander the Great (356-323 BCE)•Son of Philip of Macedonia, Student of Aristotle•An empire: from Greece and Egypt to India•After his death, The empire split into three sections: Egypt, Persia, and Macedonia-Greece→starts the Hellenistic Age (300 years)

The Hellenistic World (Map 5.1)

(P 126, figure 5.1)

P 126, figure 5.27

From Hellenic to Hellenistic ) 希臘語言和文化的•Spread of Hellenic 希臘人的 culture throughout the civilized world •→“cosmopolitanism, urbanism, and the blending of Greek, African, and Asian cultures”•→ “Personal needs & individual emotion over and above the good of community”

Features of Architecture

•From city to empire →large, monumental•Utilitarian Structure: Lighthouse, theaters, libraries•Corinthian & Ionic colonnade

The Great Library: Temple of Muses“Think Tank”

At Alexandria

The Lighthouse

The Theater

the Alter of Zeus• At Pergamon (180 B.C.E)• To celebrate the victory of minor kingdom of Pergamon over Gauls•20-foot high, 300-foot based platform

(Figure 5.28, p127)

•Massive Ionic Colonnade

•Mythological battle •(Olympic gods vs. giants•Symbolize the Victory of Intellect •Over Barbarians •More theatrical in style•誇張的

Athena Battling with Acyoneus•Strong light and dark contrast•Classical restraint → violent passion

(Figure 5.29, p128)

Hellenistic Sculpture’ Features

• Private / individual emotion• More lifelike & less idealized • Fleeting mood & momentary

expression • Broad the range of subjects: young children to old, even

deformed people

Spear-Bearer V.S. Apollo Belvedere

Spear-Bearer V.S. Apollo Belvedere

•High classical •Hellenistic

•Sensuous nude statue •More animated, Feminized,Self-conscious style

Nike of Samothrace

• Greek goddess • Victory • Discovered in 1863, now is in the Louvre Museum, Paris• Head & arms are missing

(figure 5.31,p129)

•Carving techniques:

•dynamic contrasts of light and dark

•semi-transparent robes

•Deeply cut drapery

•Bold display of Vigorous movement

•Sensuous body as the winged figure strides into the wind •Flying & just landed lightly

The Nike of Samothrace in Las Vegas

Caesar Palace

"When we go to battle and win, we say it is NIKE.“ -Greek

Laocoon and His Sons• mythological story:• priest of Apollo•Trojan War •Punishment by Gods•Excavation in 1506 at Rome•Michelangelo praised it, “incredible.”

(figure 5.32, p129)

•Dramatic moment •Tragic role•Tortuous pose, stained muscles, and painful expression

•Sums up the Hellenistic art •Memorable symbol: Classical idealism →history

Conclusion:Greek Art: Harmonious and perfect

proportion• Style: Keeping changing

• Feature: Humanism&Realism&Idealism• More Natural!• Clarity, harmony, and proportioned order

Work Cited

• http://academic.reed.edu/humanities/110Tech/kouroi.html

• http://www.greeklandscapes.com/greece/athens_museum_archaic.html

• http://0rz.tw/d91YG • http://www-personal.umich.edu/~mxb/archaic_

greece.html• http://www.sikyon.com/Athens/Parthenon/part

henon_eg.html• http://stmail.chna.edu.tw/~b9216003/show.htmhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sculpture_of_Ancient_Greece#Sculpturehttp://www.infoplease.com/ce6/ent/A0858474.html

The End

We luv W.C. !!!!!!!!!