greenwoods newsletter 2014 english

8/13/2019 Greenwoods Newsletter 2014 English

1/15[1]

GREENWOODS

Feb 2014 Newsletter Vol. 2

ACTIVITIES REVIEWS:

Reg DayA new batch of freshmen

joined the university last August.

As usual, we set up a booth,

which carries a green theme to

recruit our new members. We

included our event highlights in

the form of photos and videos in

the booth. Also, we displayed theharvest from the rooftop farm at

Runme Shaw Building, which has

added vibrancy and color to our

stall. Besides, we also handmade

some bookmarks as souvenirs for

new members, who has shown

support to our society -

Greenwoods. The bookmarks

were made from recycled

newspaper and leaflets. We

painted plants and created some

unique patterns on the

bookmarks. We have to thank the

Lung Fu Shan Environmental

Education Centre for lending us

the venue and the required tools.

Special thanks also go to the ICA

for coordinating such a big eventso that all clubs and societies had

a chance to recruit and get to

know the new batch of freshmen!

Thank you again for all your

support!


2/15[2]

THE EXECUTIVE

COMMITTEE OF

GREENWOODS, HKUSU

2013-14

Chairperson

Ho Kin Sing, Kenny

Internal Vice-chairperson

Cheung Man Nga, Clio

External Vice-chairperson

Su Tsz Ki, Suki

Financial Secretary

Wong Leung Sit, Samuel

General SecretaryLeung Shue Kwan, Justin

Programme Secretary

Cheng Ho Sum, Arthur

Lai Hoi Yip, Samson

Publication and Publicity

Secretary

You Yi, Nikki

Chan Chun Man, Clement

Academic SecretaryLam Chun Shing, Bon

Chan Kwan Kit, Kenneth

Marketing Secretary

Wu Yu Ching, Carrie

Lin Yiwen, ErosGREEN

WOODS2013-1

4


3/15


4/15[4]

Orientation Camp of

Greenwoods, HKUSU:

Sai Kung Green

CanoeistsThe aim of such a design was to

inform our participants that environmentalprotection is not totally unrelated with us,

it is closely intertwined with our lives. As

long as we pay more attention to details

and take a step forward, such as avoiding

the use of over-packaging products and

straws, bringing our own water bottles

and utensils for take-away food and using

public transportation whenever possible.

These seemingly minimal changes will

end up creating a huge di"erence.

Judging from the feedback of the

participants, the tasks shed new light on

the concept of eco-friendliness and raised

their awareness in such A resect.

On October 6th, the much-

anticipated part of the orientation was

carried on canoeing in Sai Kung. For

most of our participants, this was both

interesting and challenging. On that sunny

day, we went to the beach of Sai Kung.

First we canoed along the coastline

towards the mangroves and gave our new

canoe learners some time to practice.

When we approached the mangrove area,

our executive members briefly introduced

the plants and their functions. After

leaving the mangroves, we canoed to an

island in the sea, then we made our way

back, with the whole activity lasted for

around three hours. Through this activity,

it was expected that students were able

to canoe in the wild, learn about the

ecological value of mangroves and

broaden their knowledge concerning

environmental protection.

Although some problems arose in our

orientation, the schedule could be runsmoothly with the cooperation of

Greenwoods executive members. What is

more gratifying is that participants could

learn how to live a greener live as well as

make some changes in daily lives. We

hope the our mission and philosophy of

Greenwoods could continue to be spread

out further, encouraging people inside and

outside HKU to make a contribution for a

better environment.

ChuPakFaiDereck:Althoughtherewasatyphoon

which

a!ected

the

arrangement

oftheo-camp,Ithinkthe

preparationworkwasbrilliant

whiletheactivitieswere

meaningfulandinteresting.

YuanShuaiSwacky:Theo-campheldbyGreenwoods

wasthefirstoneIparticipatein

HKU. EveryoneisveryniceandI

reallyenjoyit!

WORDS FROM

PARTI:


5/15[5]

Sabah Eco TourThe carbon footprint generated from traveling,

consuming and the use of disposable supplies is generally

believed to be not eco-friendly. However, we do not totally

agree. Traveling can take place in a way that may not be

as detrimental to the environment as people expect and

this is what the six-day eco-tour organized by

Greenwoods in July 2013 has successfully proved.

A series of activities were organized during the trip.

First of all, we had an interflow session with students who

study wood management in the Universiti of Sabah. Wevisited the aquarium and museum in their campus. More

remarkably, we had a chance to plant mangroves by

ourselves. It is a unique experience since we had to

immerse ourselves into the mud in order to insert the

mangrove seedlings deep into the mud ground. Via this

activity, we highly appreciate the enthusiasm and

willingness of the local students in Sabah in handling

tougher tasks that Hong Kong students may be reluctant

to do so. In Hong Kong, people live in a concrete jungle,

where apartments and skyscrapers are closely packed

together. We hardly have the chance to experience living in

the wild and with nature. We simply do not notice how

beauty and amazing nature is.

UNIVERSITI MALAYSIA SABAH SNORKELING MOUNT

KINABALU

MANGROVE

PLANTING

LOCAL SCHOOL

VISIT

SABAH ECO TOUR


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7/15


8/15

THE ROOFTOP

FARMING

PROJECT AT HKUThe Rooftop Farming Project at

HKU is co-organised by theGeneral

Education UnitandSustainability

O!ce, supported byTime To

Grow,Greenwoods (HKUSU)andBijas

Vegetarian Restaurant, and sponsored

by theBOCHK Charitable Foundation.

The project started in July 2013 and

the

rooftop farm is located on the Runme

Shaw Building in the main campus.

TheGeneral Education

UnitandSustainability O!ce manage

the farm and give instructions to

students participating in the project.

Meanwhile, city farmers were invited to

teach students the techniques of urban

farming. As one of the green groups in

the university, we are glad to join the

project and handle

regular farming work

with other students.

The daily work includes

watering, removing

grasses, loosening the

soil as well as setting

up the farm and

harvesting before and

after the planting. It

would be a new

experience for students

to witness how

vegetable grows stage

by stage.

The project promotes the idea of a

sustainable life and thus the ultimate

goal of reducing wastes. The harvested

vegetable would be served in Bijas

Vegetarian Restaurant. The food waste

from restaurants in the Centennial

Campus will be transformed into

fertilizer after being processed by the

food waste disposal machine. The

fertilizer can then be used at the

rooftop farm as a more natural

alternative than chemical fertilizers.

Furthermore, vegetable should be

planted according to suitable seasons.

As a matter of fact, the green houses

used to plant vegetable in winter trap

much heat from sunlight and further

exacerbate the problem of global

warming. Thus the farm would also like

to raise greater concerns over such an

issue. Insummer, corns, bitter melons,

eggplants, RedAmaranth, Ghost

Pepper, Perilla and Cucumbers were

planted, with some herbs such as

Common Rue, Rosemary, Clary Sage

and Basil. In autumn and winter, we

planted Bak Choi, Spinach, Lesser

Tong Hao, Lettuce, Broccoli, tomato,

White Radish, and Carrots etc. We sawan abundant of reaps and our team

members felt gratified to harvest the

vegetables they planted themselves.

HKU Rooftop Farming webpage:

http://

rooftopfarmhku.wordpress.comm/

Birds crashing to glass

walls in centennial

campus

The newly built centennial campus has

been in operation since 2012. The new

and modern campus makes use of

large glass walls to introduce natural

light into the interior. Due to centennial

campus sustainable design and the

outstanding strategic plan to reduce

disruption to the ecosystem nearby, it

is awarded the highest performance

Platinum certification under LEED.

Despite its much-touted design, its

well-known glass walls are deadly to

birds. The centennial campus has a

number of of man-made gardens,

attracting birds to gather around the

area. However, unlike human beings,

transparent panels are invisible tobirds. They are also attracted by the

lighting at night, as the illumination

system of the centennial campus

remains in operation. Therefore, it is

not rare to see birds crashing into

curtain walls, which resulted in injuries

or even death. Greenwoods has

reported the issue to the Vice-

chancellor o!ce, Dr Steven J. Cannon,

Executive Vice-President

(Administration and Finance) who has

shown his deepest concern on theissue and will discuss the solutions

with the Estates O!ce.
http://rooftopfarmhku.wordpress.comm/http://rooftopfarmhku.wordpress.comm/http://rooftopfarmhku.wordpress.comm/http://rooftopfarmhku.wordpress.comm/http://rooftopfarmhku.wordpress.comm/http://rooftopfarmhku.wordpress.comm/


9/15

Green Route Outing

Last year, the work of Eco-Trip around DoubleHaven won the Green Route Design Competition.

As promised, we have organized a one-day trip on

January 10th so that our participants can learn

more about the ecosystem of the suburb areas in

Hong Kong, as well as fully unwind themselves after

the examination.

To our delight, the level of participation was

keen and the number of participants reached the

limit within one week. The hiking trip commenced

from Wu KauTan() and we walked across

Upper and Lower Miu Tin() and Sam A

Tsuen () to the coastline of Double Haven (

). After passing Lai Chi Wo () and Kuk Po

(), we finally reached the destination---LukKeng

(). Along the trail, students could take a look at

the wide variety of ecological landscape, such as

the Fung Shui Woods, Derris, Wetlands, Mangrove

and etc. Our students spotted a sea of red mapleleaves during the trip. The scenery was eye-

catching, the weather was cool, yet comfortable

and the air soothed and refreshed our mind.

When we reached the Five-finger Camphor at

Lai Chi Wo Village, eco-tour guide told us that one

finger of the Camphor was cut during the Second

World War by the Japanese army for its high market

value. However, country has shown a high concern

for environmental protection throughout the years.

This made us to reflect on the issue of international

environmental protection. If everyone, when

traveling, holds the belief of it is not our own place

and thereby ruins the local ecosystem deliberately,

our environment will su"er a lot. Therefore,

cooperation among all global citizens is a key to

conserving the ecosystem. Gladly, we discovered

that there was very little rubbish on the trail we

passed through and we only collected one plastic

bottle throughout the trip! As responsible travelers,

we should be aware of their own behavior while

traveling so as to minimize our disruption to the

beautiful mother nature.


10/15

Hall Recycling Campaign At the very beginning we thought the job of our

committee members was simple but it turned out to

be the opposite.

Originally we just planned to assist the halls to

arrange permanent bins for other recycling

materials. However, after our small-scale data

collection, it is discovered that some halls in our

campus do not even have a bin for basic recycling

(i.e. paper, plastics, & metals).

The recycling management is so poor thatnumerous useful resources are being dumped every

single semester.

You can imagine the amount of resources being

wasted every year, every semester, and every hall, I

hope the answer would break your heart... What is

even worse is that fact that there is no organisation

here in Hong Kong that collects quilts and pillows,

meaning that all of them are directly transported to

the landfills. Although those quilts (in the picture)

have just been sent to poor families in rural China

with the help from CEA (China Education

Association, HKUSU) & Prime Care HKU, this is

definitely not a long-term solution to curb the waste

problem.

The University of Hong Kong is well-known in the

academic field, however, when it comes to

conservation and waste reduction, there is still room

for improvement.

If you think these

are washed

clean quilts piled

up by a tidy

person,

Im sorry that

youd be wrong.

They are quilts

being abandonedby our students...

The hall recycling work was much

challenging than we imagined.

Situations were shocking.

Schedules were stumbled by

unexpected difficulties.


11/15


12/15


13/15

Greenwoods commentary!"# %&'()* +, (%- '+../*%+0 *+ "#(.*" (01*"# 21#3#.+'%04 )+/0*-5 (%- 6/(.%*5 7*(01(-18 /7#1 %0 9+04 :+04 ;5::

The environmental protection department in Hong Kong

announced the replacement of Air Pollution Index (API) with Air

Quality Health Index (AQHI) in December 2013. The new index

concerns mainly the short-term health risk of air pollution

according to the department, but exactly what kind of pollutants

are involved and how these pollutants can a"ect peoples health

in Hong Kong?

According tothe Hong Kongs Environmental Protection

Department, air pollutants in Hong Kong mainly include sulphur

dioxide (SO2), nitrogen oxides (NOx), respirable suspended

particulates (RSP or PM10), volatile organic compounds (VOC)

and carbon monoxide (CO). All these pollutants are harmful to us

and PM10 would be our main focus in this article.

RSP(PM10):

Respirable suspended particulates (RSP or PM10) are

particulate that can penetrate toalveoliand hence thecirculatory

system and with aerodynamic diameter less than or equal to 10

micrometers, thus also named as PM10. They are tiny pieces ofsolid or liquid matter associated with the Earth's atmosphere.

Burning offossil fuelsin vehicles,power plantsand various

industrial processes generate significant amounts of

particulates. Sea spray consisting of mainly sodium chloride is

another important source of particulates.[16] Atmospheric

particulate matter can be of di"erent sizes but PM10 is more of a

concern because of its small size. The small size of the particle

helps it to penetrate the deepest part of the lungs such as the

bronchioles or alveoli while the larger particles are generally

filtered in thenoseandthroatvia cilia and mucus.

Since 1970s, the e"ect of anthropogenicparticulate air

pollution on health has been heavily studied. Many studies

suggested that exposure to fine particulate matter in the air was

associated with life shortening and some found significant

e"ects of particulate matter with a diameter of less than 10 %m

(PM10) on non-malignant respiratory deaths in men and women,

and on lung-cancer mortality in male, non-smoking individuals

[1] The e"ect on shortening life expectancy has been estimated

at 12 years for realistic exposure contrasts. [2]

Within the group of PM10, PM2.5 is a subgroup which with

diameter smaller than 25 %m that can penetrate into the gas-

exchange region of the lung and have a greater degree of lung

penetration than PM10.TheWorld Health Organization

(WHO)estimates that "... fine particulate air pollution (PM(2.5)),causes about 3% of mortality from cardiopulmonary disease,

about 5% of mortality from cancer of the trachea, bronchus, and

lung, and about 1% ofmortality from acute respiratory infections

in children under 5 yr, worldwide." [17]

The actual situation is that the concentration of RSP remains high. [17]

A beautiful figure from the government showing

the gradual decrease in amount of RSP in HK.

[18]
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fossil_fuelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_stationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circulatory_systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alveolihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Health_Organizationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Health_Organizationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circulatory_systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_nosehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Throathttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Health_Organizationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Health_Organizationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Health_Organizationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Health_Organizationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Throathttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Throathttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_nosehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_nosehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_stationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_stationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fossil_fuelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fossil_fuelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circulatory_systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circulatory_systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circulatory_systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circulatory_systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alveolihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alveoli


14/15

Mechanism of health problems:

A number of models are suggested on the mechanism of how

the fine particulates can cause health problems.

According to some epidemiological studies, inhaled

particulates can cause increase in respiratory and

cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The particulates can

cause proinflammatory e"ects involving lung epithelial cells

[8]and alveolar macrophages. [7] They directly uptake into

epithelial cells [8] and macrophages, and oxidant pathways areactivated with the downstream consequences of stimulating

cytokine and mediator release, resulting in extensive neutrophil

migration, but also T lymphocyte recruitment and activation. [9]

[10] Acute tissue damage will activate the epidermal-growth-

factor receptor (EGFR) pathway, and organ-repair responses

and results in epithelial mucus metaplasia, as does ongoing

cytokine and chemokine secretion that contributes to airway

inflammation. [9]

As for PM2.5, it can lead to high plaque deposits inarteries,

causing vascular inflammation andatherosclerosis a

hardening of the arteries that reduces elasticity, which can lead

to heart attacks and other cardiovascular problems.

Also, there is evidence that particles smaller than 100

nanometers can pass through cell membranes and migrate into

other organs, including the brain. Brain damage similar to that

in Alzheimers patient can be caused by this kind of particulate.

The standard

To conclude the risk of particulates on health, there is an

excess risk of death of 05% per 10 %g/m3PM10 [14] Taking

Hong Kong as an example, with mortality figure of 43672 in

2012 [14] and the annual average PM10 level of 50ug/m3, the

number of death attributable to day-to-day variations in PM10

would translate into at least 1092 deaths brought forward by airpollution per yearalmost 2.5 times the number of deaths due

to diabetes.

Though the RSP is posing a great risk to our health, the

guideline on regulating the concentration of of RSP in Hong

Kong is not up to international standard. According to the

WHO air quality guideline for PM10, the 24-hour and annual

concentration of the particulates should not be greater than 50

and 20 %g/m3 respectively. However, the Hong Kong standard

are only 100 and 50 %g/m3for the 24-hour and annual

concentration. The di"erences in Hong Kong and WHO

standard are even greater for PM2.5. The Hong Kong standard

is almost 3 times than that of the WHO one.

Due to this high tolerance of RSP concentration, the general

annual concentration of PM10 and PM2.5 are about 50 ug/m3

and 35 ug/m3 over the past 10 years. The figures fit perfectly

with Hong Kong standard but they are a few times higher than

the WHO standard. We do not know how does the government

come up with the Hong Kong air quality objectives, whether

the similarity between the measured concentration and the

Hong Kong standard is an coincidence or not. But Hong Kong,

which claims itself as Asias world city, should not have an air

quality control standard that lag so much behind the

international standard. The WHO standard was published in

back in 2005.

Another point that is worth mentioning is that according to the

government website, there is a gradual decrease in the total

amount of RSP production in Hong Kong. However, when

comparing with the documents obtained from the Legislative

Council, such a decreasing trend was not found in the annual

concentration of the RSP, which remains high for past few

years. So, is there anything wrong in the RSP measuring

program? Or there are more sources of pollution that we do not

know? The answers of these questions remain unclear but

what we know is that many new findings suggest that health

e"ects can be seen at even lower concentrations and air

pollution problem will remain one of the most crucial

environmental problems waiting for solution.

Comparing Hong Kong Air Quality Objectives (from the EnvironmentalProtection Department) and the WHO Air quality guidelines [16][17]

PollutantAveraging

time

Hong KongConcentrationlimit (g/m3)

WHO

Guideline

10-minute 500 500

24-hour 125* 20

Respirablesus ended

24-hour 100* 50

particulates(PM10) [ii] Annual 50* 20

Fine suspendedparticulates

24-hour 75* 25(PM2.5) [iii] Annual 35* 10

1-hour 200 200

Annual 40 40

Ozone 8-hour 160* 100

# the Hong Kongs AQOs was updated on 1 January 2014.* means the concentration limit is greater than the WHO guildlines.
http://www.sciencedirect.com.eproxy1.lib.hku.hk/science/article/pii/S0140673602112748?np=yhttp://www.sciencedirect.com.eproxy1.lib.hku.hk/science/article/pii/S0140673602112748?np=yhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atherosclerosishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atherosclerosishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arterieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arteries


15/15

References:

1. DE Abbey, N Nishino, WF McDonnell et al. Long-term inhalable particles and other air pollutants related to mortality in

nonsmokersAm J Respir Crit Care Med, 159 (1999), pp. 373382

2. B Brunekreef Air pollution and life expectancy: is there a relation? Occup Environ Med, 54 (1997), pp. 7817845H

Bayram, RJ Sapsford, MM Abdelaziz, OA Khair

3. E"ect of ozone and nitrogen dioxide on the release of proinflammatory mediators from bronchial epithelial cells of

nonatopic nonasthmatic subjects and atopic asthmatic patients in vitroJ Allergy Clin Immunol, 107 (2001), pp. 287294

4. A Blomberg, MT Krishna, V Bocchino et al. The inflammatory e"ects of 2 ppm NO2 on the airways of healthy

subjectsAm J Respir Crit Care Med, 156 (1997), pp. 418424

5. T Sandstrom, R Helleday, L Bjermer, N Stjernberg E"ects of repeated exposure to 4 ppm nitrogen dioxide onbronchoalveolar lymphocyte subsets and macrophages in healthy men

6. T Fujii, S Hayashi, JC Hogg, R Vincent, SF Van Eeden Particulate matter induces cytokine expression in human

bronchial epithelial cells Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol, 25 (2001), pp. 265271

7. M Lundborg, U Johard, L Lastbom, P Gerde, P Camner Human alveolar macrophage phagocytic function is impaired

by aggregates of ultrafine carbon particles Environ Res, 86 (2001), pp. 244253

8. RC Stearns, JD Paulauskis, JJ Godleski Endocytosis of ultrafine particles by A549 cells Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol, 24

(2001), pp. 108115

9. SS Salvi, C Nordenhall, A Blomberg et al. Acute exposure to diesel exhaust increases IL-8 and GRO-alpha production

in healthy human airways Am J Respir Crit Care Med, 161 (2000), pp. 550557

10. S Salvi, A Blomberg, B Rudell et al. Acute inflammatory responses in the airways and peripheral blood after short-term

exposure to diesel exhaust in healthy human volunteers. Am J Respir Crit Care Med, 159 (1999), pp. 702709

11. SM Puddicombe, DE Davie The role of MAP kinases in intracellular signal transduction in bronchial epitheliumClin Exp

Allergy, 30 (2000), pp. 711

12. J Firket Fog along the Meuse Valley Trans Faraday Soc, 32 (1936), pp. 11921197

13. Number of Deaths by Leading Causes of Death, 2001 - 2012. Centre for Health Protection. http://www.chp.gov.hk/tc/

data/4/10/27/380.html

14. Bert Brunekreef, Stephen T Holgate, Air pollution and health, The Lancet, Volume 360, Issue 9341, 19 October 2002,

Pages 1233-1242, ISSN 0140-6736, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(02)11274-8. (http://

www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140673602112748)

15. LegislativeCouncil Panelon EnvironmentalA"air SubcommitteeonImprovingAirQualityResponsestotheFollow&

upActions(Items(3))ArisingfromtheDiscussionattheMeetingon27June2012 http://www.legco.gov.hk/yr11-12/

english/panels/ea/ea_iaq/papers/ea_iaq0627cb1-2367-1-e.pdf doc

16. The Air Pollution Control Ordinance (Cap. 311) sets out Air Quality Objectives (AQOs). http://www.epd.gov.hk/epd/

english/environmentinhk/air/air_quality_objectives/air_quality_objectives.html

17. WHO Air quality guidelines for particulate matter, ozone, nitrogen, dioxide and sulfur dioxide. 2005. http://

whqlibdoc.who.int/hq/2006/WHO_SDE_PHE_OEH_06.02_eng.pdf?ua=1

18. Hong KongAir Pollutant Emission Inventory. Environmental Protection Department. 2014. http://www.epd.gov.hk/epd/english/environmentinhk/air/data/emission_inve.html

Thank you for the support

this year!

Hope to see you guys soon!

To conclude...The 21st cabinet of Greenwoods,

HKUSU witnessed a fruitful school

year, denoted with the variety of

activities, outings and campaigns

we held. We have strived to

achieve the following goals: to

promote harmony between

mankind ourselves and our

environment, to urge our

university body to align its

operations and administration

with environmental objectives and

to heighten our students

awareness towards an eco-

friendly lifestyle. In the coming

academic year, a new group of

committee members will be

handed over the baton and more

importantly, they will continue to

uphold the spirit of Greenwoods,

HKUSU and make a positive

impact on all HKU students.
http://whqlibdoc.who.int/hq/2006/WHO_SDE_PHE_OEH_06.02_eng.pdf?ua=1http://whqlibdoc.who.int/hq/2006/WHO_SDE_PHE_OEH_06.02_eng.pdf?ua=1http://www.epd.gov.hk/epd/english/environmentinhk/air/air_quality_objectives/air_quality_objectives.htmlhttp://whqlibdoc.who.int/hq/2006/WHO_SDE_PHE_OEH_06.02_eng.pdf?ua=1http://whqlibdoc.who.int/hq/2006/WHO_SDE_PHE_OEH_06.02_eng.pdf?ua=1http://whqlibdoc.who.int/hq/2006/WHO_SDE_PHE_OEH_06.02_eng.pdf?ua=1http://whqlibdoc.who.int/hq/2006/WHO_SDE_PHE_OEH_06.02_eng.pdf?ua=1http://www.epd.gov.hk/epd/english/environmentinhk/air/air_quality_objectives/air_quality_objectives.htmlhttp://www.epd.gov.hk/epd/english/environmentinhk/air/air_quality_objectives/air_quality_objectives.htmlhttp://www.epd.gov.hk/epd/english/environmentinhk/air/air_quality_objectives/air_quality_objectives.htmlhttp://www.epd.gov.hk/epd/english/environmentinhk/air/air_quality_objectives/air_quality_objectives.htmlhttp://www.legco.gov.hk/yr11-12/english/panels/ea/ea_iaq/papers/ea_iaq0627cb1-2367-1-e.pdfhttp://www.legco.gov.hk/yr11-12/english/panels/ea/ea_iaq/papers/ea_iaq0627cb1-2367-1-e.pdfhttp://www.legco.gov.hk/yr11-12/english/panels/ea/ea_iaq/papers/ea_iaq0627cb1-2367-1-e.pdfhttp://www.legco.gov.hk/yr11-12/english/panels/ea/ea_iaq/papers/ea_iaq0627cb1-2367-1-e.pdfhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140673602112748http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140673602112748http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140673602112748http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140673602112748http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(02)11274-8http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(02)11274-8http://www.chp.gov.hk/tc/data/4/10/27/380.htmlhttp://www.chp.gov.hk/tc/data/4/10/27/380.htmlhttp://www.chp.gov.hk/tc/data/4/10/27/380.htmlhttp://www.chp.gov.hk/tc/data/4/10/27/380.html

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