guadua a growing act id 7 5 2011

The guadua in Colombia today, a growing activity

Ivan Dario Solano Doncel Arch. May 07 2011

Religious Center. S Velez

a bit of history a bit of architecture a bit of technical, SENA experience a bit of research, National University experience conclusions and questions

Ivan Dario Solano Doncel


From their arrival to the Quindío the colons found the guadua, species of

gigantic bamboo and they used it to make his houses, his beds, the

musical instruments, the sidewalk, the mud wall of the furnace,

the sideboard, the jar of salt, the sieve, the dig in for the stone to

grind, the typical donkeys for the game of, the stakes

and all things for their land, the canoes that lead the clean water from

the drain, the laundry, the door of traps, the barn, in conclusion guadua was and

has been the only support of that race, the symbol of the civilization in

these earth, like the porcelain in Asia, the stone in Europe and the iron

and the cement in the United States. ” 1


Meanwhile the cities are growing and other materials advance in research,

the Guadua material still take the same use but each time was

used for poor people to construct their houses for the low prices, the constant

tradition and for the capacity to adapt the structure to the difference of

levels with facility and easy hand job.


The earthquake produced serious material damages, a 60% of colapsed

infrastructures and great lost of human lives (1000 passed away people,

4000 hurt and 3900 disappeared), still without quantifying the totality of victims in other 18 near

municipalities, 28 small rural towns of the coffee axis of the

region that are destroyed totally,

The economy coffee of the region was colapsed

totally,

8,000 property

13,000 companies of different types


On September 11, 2002 began the consolidation of the Colombian Committee

for Standardization Bamboo / Guadua - CCNG, which was formed in January

2003 to the Technical Committee as ICONTEC 178 "Bamboo - Guadua."

NTC 5300 "Harvest and Postharvest the culm of Guadua angustifolia Kunth.

NTC 5301 "Drying and immunized the culm of Guadua angustifolia Kunth"

NTC 5405 "vegetative propagation of Guadua angustifolia Kunth.

NTC 5407 "Unions for structures built in Guadua angustifolia Kunth.

NTC 5458 "crafts and furniture in Guadua angustifolia Kunth"

Pre Standard "Test methods for determining the physical and mechanical properties of Guadua

angustifolia Kunth. Part 1. Requirements "(ISO 22157-1)

Zeri Pavillion , Manizales, Colombia.

1999 Simon Velez


China Bridge Simon Velez

El Zocalo Pavillion Simon Velez


Recent works and draws, Simon Velez


Bamboo is distinguished by its longitudinal growth. There is no other plant which grows as fast as bamboo. Some species of bamboo

grow 5cm per hour. The species "Guadua angustifolia" grow 12cm per day, you can harve, and unlike hardwood, it

never needs to be replanted.”

The canes die and fall to the ground only a few weeks after the production of flowers and fruits.

Frequently their rhizomes are exhausted and also die.

With the large species the life span is determined by the flowering period which can be up to 100 years.

In the latter case the flowering period and the life span are not equal because the plant can flower frequently without dying

Tensile strenght:

The fibres of the bamboo run axial. In the outer zone are highly elastic vascular bundle, that have a high tensile strenght.

The tensile strnght of these fibres is higher than that of steel.

Shrinking:

Bamboo shrinks more than wood when it loses water. The canes can tear apart at the nodes. Bamboo shrinks in the

cross section ca. 10-16 %, in the wall thickness ca. 15-17 %.

Fire resistance:

The fire resistance is very good because of the high content of silicate acid. Filled up with water,

it can stand a temperature of 400° C while the water cooks inside.

Elasticity:

The enormous elasticity of bamboo makes it to a very good building material for earth-quake-endangered areas.


•During the past of the years was subestimate as a material and related with the poor class.

•Guadua material, treatment, normative, process and design is NOT the same at wood !


GUADUA

PROJECT

Alternative of economic development for the agricultural and industrial sectors

Low technology levels

Resource integrated to the landscape. Always related with the protection and conservation of the water sources

OVERCOMING


Colombia second place on bamboo diversity in Latin-America

70 species reported (24 Endemic)

States with the biggest bamboo diversity: Norte de Santander Cundinamarca, Cauca, Valle del Cauca, Antioquia, Huila, Nariño, Quindío, Caldas, Risaralda

Is estimated that between 1993 and 2002 generated resources for $ 5 million U.S. dollars (Source CAR)The bamboo world market is currently estimated at 14,000 million U.S. dollars annually.

Colombia with 0.1% share of exports.

Our Potential

Foundated in 1957, SENA Is a Colombian public institution focused in the

development of programs of technical formation. It's a government

initiative to develop education in Colombia and foment employment.

SENA has 115 training centers throughout Colombia, and some services are :

•Integral Training

• Rural Youth Programs and Youth in Action.

• Virtual Training.

• Labor intermediation, •Technological Development and Entrepreneurship.

• Sustainment support for low-income learners.

The Center for technology, development and construction industry. Is an

example in the country for the Guadua managementThe SENA provides training in the areas of cultivation and exploitation (forestry) of bamboo, regulation, forest nursery, propagation, biodiversity in bamboo forest, establishment and spread of bank management, construction with bamboo, rural

construction, simple structures (houses), complex structures (auditorium),

laminated bamboo, preservation, handicrafts, furniture and accessories,

Agro-business and pre-industrialization of bamboo, among others.


National Learning Center (SENA)


Phase I • Four (4) machines focused on the primary bamboo process for the production of laminates.

• Three (3) constructive didactic systems, using bamboo as fundamental material, under the parameters of assembly and / or construction on technical levels.

• Assistance in the planting of 350 hectares of bamboo.

Objective

Improve the competitiveness of the bamboo production chain, developing, adapting and disseminating hard and soft technologies required for the industrial development of bamboo as alternative material in construction, laminates, molding floors and other

industrial uses to optimize its

integrated use.

GUADUA INNOVATION BUSINESS PROJECT


Design of machines for the specific use of the guadua industrialization: obtaining

machine prototypes, destronzadoras, lateadoras, denudadoras, hidraulic press, their

designs, prototypes and tests are at the service of the colombian guadua industry and the world because this technology has already gotten

the recognition from visitors from all latitudes (china, india, germany, france, mexico, venezuela, ecuador among other countries)




…machines for the specific use…..

before

after

PRENSA PRENSA MANUALMANUAL

ESCUADRADORA ESCUADRADORA HORIZONTALHORIZONTAL

LINEADORALINEADORA

REGRUESADORAREGRUESADORA DE DOS CARAS DE DOS CARAS

TRONZADORATRONZADORA

CEPILLO CEPILLO MACHIHEMBRADORMACHIHEMBRADOR

SECADOR SECADOR SOLARSOLAR

LATEADORALATEADORA

HIDROLAVADOHIDROLAVADO

AFILADORAAFILADORA

DESCARGUEDESCARGUE

PRODUCTO PRODUCTO TERMINADOTERMINADO




Another advantage observed from its biology is the breathing index and easy reproduction which take us to think that in the establishment of crop fields it can be implemented projects

of CLEAN DEVELOPMENT MECHANISMS adjusted to the KIOTO protocol that

can perform as receptors of the greenhouse effect gases and therefore the issue of CO2 certificates, They can be offered in regulated or unregulated markets in industrialized countries.

About it the SENA QUINDIO BRANCH is already carrying out actions, with the training of its human resource

in the knowledge of these strategies for environmental sustainability.

Same way they have developed labor competency norms and its evaluation instruments to have the trained and

competent human resource on the required Guadua industrialization technologies



•From 2006 until now on the center for the

technological development of the construction and the

industry, 2800 students have been trained in Guadua applied technologies and have had already

occupational demands of this workforce in countries such as Peru, Ecuador and Costa Rica.



As a result of the research for the Guadua industrialization has been obtained valuable

products such laminates ( tablerilla

de guadua) which projects itself as a real

massification alternative on the construction of sustainable structures because its characteristics allow the utilization of

this product in the construction of panels, boards, floors, structural elements (beams, columns)



As an answer to the world and local problematic that presents the sustainable construction and its environmental impacts and the need to generate decent work, the SENA has begun innovative actions

aimed at providing solutions through research of products derived from Guadua Angustifolia Kunth, its technologies of acquisition the competency and technical norms to ensure compliance

with quality standards and clean development mechanisms that will allow our country to be in tune with the needs of the world, so we can place ourselves in a context of competitiveness necessary for national development.

GRUPO DE TRABAJOINTERVENTORIA GENERAL ING. Olga Lucia Quintero Ocampo

COORDINADOR DEL PROYECTO: I NG Edgar Ancizar García H.DISEÑO SISTEMAS CONSTRUCTIVOS: ARQ. José Freddy Giraldo G.DISEÑO DE MAQUINAS: ING. Luís Fernando Hernández S.DELINEANTE PROF. DE ARQUITECTURA : T.P. Rubén Darío Lozano AUXILIAR APOYO ADMINISTRATIVO: T.P. Laureano Andrés Celis P.AUXILIAR APOYO TECNICO: ARQ. Diego Fernando Acevedo C. CENTRO PARA EL DESARROLLOTECNOLÓGICO DE LA CONSTRUCCIÓN ARMENIA - QUINDIO



National University of Colombia (UN)


Foundated in 1867, also called UN, is a public, national research university, located primarily in Bogotá, Medellín, Manizales and Palmira, Colombia.

The university is the largest and most important higher

education institution of the country with more than 44,000 students, the largest number of graduated professionals per year, and number of academic

programs at undergraduate and postgraduate levels, with 423 academic programs, which includes 94 graduate diplomas, 61 Academic specializations, 38 medical specialties, 131 Master's degrees, and 46

doctorates. It is also one of the few universities that employs post-doctorate fellows in the country.

Holds the highest percentage of research in Colombia.is ranked at number 14 in the ranking on the website of the best universities

in Latin America, and 426 globally is the only university in Colombia among the top 500 universities in the World

The UN has a total of 2975 faculty members, 30% doctorates, 43% MA, 8.7% with medical specialty, 9% and 9.3% with a specialization in undergraduate.


VALIDATION OF THE GUADUA ANGUSTIFOLIA AS ESTRUCTURAL ELEMENT FOR THE DESIGN BY THE METHOD OF THE ALLOWABLE EFFORTS

Bogotá, 22 de Octubre de 2010

JORGE LOZANOCAORI TAKEUCHIGUSTAVO GRANADOS

FABIAN LAMUSDIANA OVALLEPATRICIA LUNA

Socialización Académica – Resultados experimentalesAcademic Socialization – Experimental Results GIES


Also, in the writing material was used as a basis of the

design the guidelines for Guadua Angustifolia Kunth structures of the National University of Colombia.


Background

1999 EARTHQUAKE ARMENIA

(2001) ISO 22157 – DETERMINATION OF PHYSICAL AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF BAMBOO

(2001) ISO 22156 – BAMBOO STRUCTURAL DESIGN

NSR-98 – CHAPTER E.7 HOUSESS 1 AND 2 LEVELS IN BAHAREQUE

(2006) NTC5407 – STRUCTURAL UNIONS WITH GUADUA ANGUSTIFOLIA KUNT

(2007) NTC5525 –TEST METHODS FOR DETERMINATION OF PHISICAL AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES GUADUA ANGUSTIFOLIA KUNT


1. Input of parameters and methodologies for earthquake resistant design of structures in bamboo (Design Guidelines).

2. Determination of allowable efforts.

3. Development of a quality control protocol of the material used during the construction.

OBJECTIVES


ab

c


CULM CUT PROTOCOL

1. Select and codify the guaduas Age 3 to 6 years

2. Point of junction between the rhizome and the culm

3. Tagging of a ring at 1 m from the neck of the culm, with red paint


4. Measurament of the diameter and lenght of the first 5 internodes

5. Culms Cut


6. Count and tagging of the internodes

7. Divide each culm in three parts: 1.50 m, 4.50 m, 3.00m.


cut scheme format

1. header

Down up

According to the direction of growth of the bamboo

2. Diameters and thicknesses for each cross-section of culm


3. Identification and measurement of the lenght of each internode.

4. Responsible of the format


NUMBERS


Avoid cracking of the specimens

Lower the materials resistance

For all specimens tested the CH was determined according to the norm NTC5525

Laboratory Tests


Parallel compression Tests

ZONA DEL PAÍS

ZONA A ZONA B ZONA C

PA

RT

E

DE

LA

G

UA

DU

A

INFERIOR 14 15 15

MEDIA 31 30 31

SUPERIOR 31 30 30

TOTAL 76 75 76

227 Total tests


Parallel compression Tests


Parallel cut Tests

ZONA DEL PAÍS


CON

NUDO SIN

NUDO CON

NUDO SIN

NUDO CON

NUDO SIN

NUDO

PA

RT

E

DE

LA

G

UA

DU

A

INFERIOR 10 9 8 8 10 10

MEDIA 17 19 16 16 17 17

SUPERIOR 20 20 17 15 17 17

SUBTOTAL 47 48 41 39 44 44

TOTAL 95 80 88

263 Total tests


Parallel cut Tests


Parallel tension Tests

221 total tests

ZONA DEL PAÍS


PA

RT

E

DE

LA

G

UA

DU

A

INFERIOR 15 16 15

MEDIA 30 30 30

SUPERIOR 30 30 30

TOTAL 75 76 75


Parallel tension Tests


Flexion tests

ZONA DEL PAÍS


PA

RT

E D

E

LA

G

UA

DU

A

MEDIA 33 7 5

SUPERIOR 32 5 7

TOTAL 65 12 12

89 total tests


Flexion tests


PERPENDICULAR COMPRESSION TESTS

154 total tests

ZONA DEL PAÍS


PA

RT

E

DE

LA

G

UA

DU

A

INFERIOR 8 11 15

MEDIA 20 20 20

SUPERIOR 20 20 20

TOTAL 48 51 55


TORSION TESTS

34 ensayos en total

ZONA DEL PAÍS

ZONA A ZONA B

PA

RT

E D

E

LA

G

UA

DU

A

INFERIOR 6 5

MEDIA 10 -

SUPERIOR 13 -

TOTAL 29 5


Results

Compression test ll

Ultimate strenght

INFERIOR MEDIA SUPERIOR TOTAL ZONAM (MPa) 3.28 4.17 4.79 4.34

M+V (MPa) 4.10 5.21 5.99 5.42M+V+W (MPa) 4.92 6.26 7.18 6.50

M (MPa) 4.41 4.80 5.23 4.57M+V (MPa) 5.51 5.99 6.53 5.71

M+V+W (MPa) 6.61 7.19 7.84 6.86M (MPa) 4.12 4.48 6.13 4.84

M+V (MPa) 5.14 5.61 7.67 6.05M+V+W (MPa) 6.17 6.73 9.20 7.25

M (MPa) 4.25 4.29 5.24 4.50M+V (MPa) 5.31 5.36 6.55 5.62

M+V+W (MPa) 6.37 6.43 7.85 6.75

ZONA C

TOTAL ZONAS

ZONA DEL PAIS CONDICION DE CARGA

PARTE DE LA GUADUA

ZONA A

ZONA B

sc (MPa) Fuente

Admisible 14.00 NSR-10

FDR=1.8

FDR (CM)=4.5FDR (CM+CV)=3.6

FDR (CM+CV+CW)=3.0

CH=90%

CH=12% Includes the reduction of differences between laboratory test and the actual condition of loading of 1.0, the

safety factor of 1.5 and the reduction factor for load duration of 1.2


Flex tests

MEDIA SUPERIOR TOTAL ZONAM (MPa) 7.92 9.54 9.10

M+V (MPa) 9.90 11.92 11.38M+V+W (MPa) 11.88 14.31 13.65

M (MPa) 5.52 5.70 5.78M+V (MPa) 6.91 7.12 7.22

M+V+W (MPa) 8.29 8.54 8.67M (MPa) 5.40 4.43 4.93

M+V (MPa) 6.75 5.54 6.16M+V+W (MPa) 8.10 6.65 7.40

M (MPa) 7.84 9.05 8.31M+V (MPa) 9.80 11.32 10.38

M+V+W (MPa) 11.76 13.58 12.46TOTAL ZONAS

ZONA DEL PAIS CONDICION DE CARGAPARTE DE LA GUADUA

ZONA A

ZONA B

ZONA C

sf (MPa) Fuente

Admisible 15.00 NSR-10FDR (CM)=4.5

FDR (CM+CV)=3.6FDR

(CM+CV+CW)=3.0

CH=90%

FDR=3.0

CH=12%Includes the reduction of differences between laboratory test and the actual condition of loading of 1.0, the

safety factor of 2.0 and the reduction factor for load duration of 1.0


Flex testsElasticity module

DATOS ESTADISTICOS MEDIA SUPERIOR TOTAL ZONAS

NUMERO DE DATOS (N) 45 41 86

PROMEDIO (MPa) 13671.87 14158.71 13903.97

DESVIACION ESTANDAR (MPa) 5283.65 4752.75 5014.07

COEFICIENTE DE VARIACION 38.65 33.57 36.06

PERCENTIL 5 (MPa) 7877.60 8063.00 7829.00

VALOR MINIMO (MPa) 6194.00 2996.00 2996.00

Ef (MPa) Fuente

Promedio 9500.00

Percentil 5 7500.00

Minimo 4000

NSR-10

The differences of these values with those obtained in this investigation may be due to the lengths of the specimens tested,

but in NSR-10 norm does not specify how the values were obtained !

Rural and Development Ministery.

Bambú Colombian Society.

Arme Ideas in Guadua.

Acknowledgments


questions

•Do we need it to massify this method in order to follow this clean process ?•The farmers will change their products from the guadua if is massified? and is not ?•Is possible modify the genetic structure in order to find the same Guadua in all places in the world ?•Is truth their magic clean process? In that way do we have to abandon the dirty process of concrete, at least for the little constructions ?•Latin America needs thousands of Housing proyects, should we find some proposal from guadua research ?

•How we can combine the different approaches of the researchers and advance in some common direction ?•Do we need to go in the same direction ?


conclusions

• Historically the guadua material were linked with the traditional culture.•Earthquake change the paradigm and development•Simon velez architecture and poor class, 2 ways of guadua architecture., •Guadua as a solution for the reconstruction, but not with the same process, so the research starts, also with the ZERI pavillion.•Guadua is a material for the all social classes.

•Growing activity is the name of the lecture for the massification, SENA and UN experience•SENA propose Guadua Innovation Business Protect researching and also designing new machines for the process.•SENA have developed labor competency norms for their students and community.• SENA support the Guadua construction process which is a clean development mechanism from the plant until the finish product.

•All materials has a limits, so we are trying to find the limits and the best way to have industrialization•Firstly we are preparing to KNOW the material, because we don't know exactly. Diversity.• UN shows Determination of Design Guidelines and allowable efforts.•UN research try to find the best way to develop the quality control protocol of the material

•Design is one way to research, the others is the industrialization process and products (ex, laminates),to know the material, structural techniques, normative and advertising it as environmental culture.

Ivan Dario Solano Doncel Thank you ! Religious Center. S Velez

guadua a growing act id 7 5 2011

Documents

species of bamboo

bamboo shrinks

conclusion guadua

bamboo diversity

species of gigantic

enormous elasticity

speciesguadua angustifolia

theguadua material