PATRICIA LEONo. 10038556

Hauer-King House, Islington

Construction & Material

AD 1003N

Module Leader: Chi Roberts

Contents1. Intro & some sketches

2. Introduction & Location

3. Earlier Inspirations

4. Plans 1:200

- First Floor

- Ground Floor

- Second Floor

- Third Floor

5. Sections & Elevations

6. How does the building stand up?

7. Glass Façade

8. Isometric Drawing

9. Materials used on the construction (Glass, Steel & Aluminum)

10. Staircases

11. Entrance ramp

12. Structure Plan Details

13. Façade & Structure Plan Details

14. Critical Appraisal

15. Bibliography

“It is said that lives of expatriates always bear the scars of deracination. If the expatriate is an architect, then this deracination must also show in his or her designs.”

Martin Pawley

Rough sketches of the Hauer-King House

IntroductionHauer-King house (also called Project 180)

London, 1994

Architect: Future Systems (Jan Kaplicky, Amanda

Levete & Lindy Atkin)

The single family glasshouse was built for married couple

English Restaurateur Jeremy King and his American wife,

television producer Debra Hauer.

Planning started in 1991; Building permits, rejection by

realtors, a growing family, many projects In the making,

Thousands of hours and nearly 100 detailed drawings

made by the architects to ensure that everything fitted

together with extraordinary precision, made this house one

of the most heavily documented structures of its size in

existence.

The house has 2 brick skins on each side and the inside consists of 215 square meters

of living space supported by a steel structural frame, divided between 4 decks which

Reduce in size towards the top.

LocationThe site is small, narrow and leafy in a conservation area in Cannonbury. Though

unconventional in shape, and surrounded by conventional 19th century town houses and

council estates, the Hauer-King House, In Islington, North London, seems to have been in

place for years. In part because the site itself stretches through from one street at the front

to another one at the back at an oblique angle, making it possible to enter from both sides.

Overhanging trees reinforce the structure and although they are not part of the building,

they are certainly part of the design, for they could not be cut down or moved.

Front View of the Hauer-King House AutoCAD Rear View Elevation Rendering

Location Plan

Earlier InspirationsBefore Project 180 could be completed, 4 different drafts came to the table, 2 belonged to the clients and the other 2 belonged to the architects:

The 2nd was a very similar house with similar shape in Camden, designed as a family home by Architect John Townsend in 1977. A 3 story house that resembles the Future Systems house designed 17 years later. It is only internally, in its method of construction, its materials, its section and plan, that this house reveals important differences. It is frameless and it slopes less steeply. Also the staircases are much different than Project 180.

Another very early source of inspiration was one of JanKapickly’s 1972 design for a summer house on the Ile deCavallo, showing all the elements of later cross wall construction.

Sedwick House, Future’s System other only permanent building that they had built. A small, low budget project that resembled to the structure of Project 180. 2 long-span front to back cable-stiffened tubular steel trusses that divide its width into three shorter spans and a long glass wall at the front entrance.

The 1st one was the design that had originally received permission for the site. Everything had been listed, from the pub next door to the railings by the canal and even the trees.

Original plan

John Townsend’s design in Camden

Sedwick House by Future Systems Jan Kapickly’s early sketch

Plans 1:200

First Floor

Ground Floor

Plans:1. Entrance Ramp2. Front Garden3. Entrance Lobby4. Living Room5. Kitchen6. Dinning Room7. Rear Garden8. Enameled Screen9. Spare Room10. Utility Room11. Coat Cupboard12. Bar/ Storage13. Bathroom14. WC

Plans 1:200

Third Floor

Second Floor

Plans:15. Master Bedroom16. Master Bathroom17. Children’s Bedroom18. Children’s Bathroom19. Landing

Longitudinal Section:

1. Entrance Ramp2. Front Garden3. Entrance Lobby4. Living Room5. Kitchen6. Dinning Room7. Utility Room8. Rear Garden9. Master Bedroom10. Children’s Bedroom

Entrance Elevation and Sections:

FrontEntrance

2 different sections ofthe wholeBuilding

How does the building stand up?

The building has a composite structure of steel frame, aluminum

and a glass façade all around the building. Brick walls support both sides.

The modern-ness of the house starts underground.

There are unsupportive mixture of clay, desiccated clay, established

tree roots and a landfill dictated expensive pilled foundations.

In order to support the 4 story house it was necessary to drill holes

for twenty 200mm diameter piles linked by ground beams.

Particular care was taken to preserve all the trees on the site

resulting in small piled foundations in order to avoid damaging any tree roots.

The design of the house takes advantage of the shading and privacy provided

by the surrounding listed trees, creating an almost entirely glass enclosure.

Then a concrete ground floor slab and an integral retaining wall on the north side,

necessary because the sloping site places the lowest floor level nearly two

meters below ground at that point.

Above the foundation level the house is steel framed, with 3 floors carried on tapered

steel beams that span rigidly across the whole six meter distance between walls.

The floors themselves are in situ concrete, cast on permanent steel decking, tapered

upwards on each side to increase the apparent height.

All of the structural engineering was carried out by YRM Anthony Hunt.

Inside, tiny Thai white ceramic tile is used throughout as a floor finish and is continued

over the external terrace to break down the inside and outside, from the kitchen to the

garden.

Steel framed structure

Aluminum Steel Frame Rectangular Steel work

Early stages of Steel Frame montage

Glass Façade

Over the Floor slabs of the Hauer-King House,

the great sloping glass roof arises.

Twenty-two huge panels of advanced-technology,

thermally efficient double-glazing, silicone-sealed

together into a great sweep of transparency perforated

by six electrically powered opening lights.

The roof is leaking, condensation and overheating proof.

The glass envelope stepping over the highest point of the

Roof is carried by “fingers” from a central spine beam.

The glass skin that surround s the whole building,

forms a roof in the conventional sense only where the

ten highest panels are made opaque by internal insulation

covered with acoustic fabric.

Everywhere else it could give its occupant not so much an

unimpeded view of the outside world, as the impression of

actually living in the air. Like sitting on the clouds if you will.

The division between the two transparent planes is marked

by a heavy fascia.

Neither of the garden walls on each side takes up the slope

of the roof, in fact it seems like they were carefully designed

there to support it.

Overhanging weeping ash is as much part of the house and the structure

Fingers carrying the roof

Model showing slopping glass roof in relation to the existing trees

Isometric DrawingThis drawing shows the true transparency of the house.

The weight of the internal floor slab is invisible,

carried down to pilling's by a steel frame hidden in the side walls.

Isometric Plan Drawing

Materials used on the constructionSteel

Steel Framed Building

Steel Beams

GlassGlass is an amorphous (non-crystalline) solid material. Glasses are typically brittle and optically transparent.Glass is arguably the most remarkable material ever discovered. Made of about 75% silica (quartz sand) and several minor additives, specially in commercial glass production.Glass was used in The Hauer-King House to allow light to enter into rooms and floors, illuminating enclosed spaces and used as a material for external cladding. It also gives it a much modern look.All of the glass in the house was brought in from the factory.

Steel frame usually refers to a building technique with a "skeleton frame" of vertical steel columns and horizontal I-Beams, constructed in a rectangular grid to support the floors, roof and walls of a building which are all attached to the frame. The development of this technique made the construction of the skyscraper possible.Beams of steel are joined together by welding or bolting.

Glass Panels over rear view

Quartz sand

Glass carry truck

AluminumAluminum is the most abundant metal in the Earth's crust, and thethird most abundant element, after oxygen and silicon.Aluminum is too reactive chemically to occur in nature as a free metal. Instead, it is found combined in over 270 different minerals.In construction, Aluminum is remarkable for the metal's low density and its ability to resist corrosion or rust. It is also very strong and durable. Unlike steel, aluminum can be complicated due to its sensitivity to heat and the fact that it would melt without first glowing red.Aluminum is widely used in construction, decoration and industry.All of the stairs inside the Hauer-King house are made out of aluminum. Aluminum Bars

Lateral Aluminum staircase from the 1st floor landing

StaircasesAll of the staircases inside the house are of the same design.

They are all aluminum, as are the extruded aluminum sections inside the glass block front wall.

Their tubular aluminum handrails are supported by cantilevered treads, and the treads in turn

are carried by the elliptical-section extruded aluminum beams.

Safety cords are tensionable white plaited nylon sash.

The arrangement of the stairs makes it possible to use the side walls of the entrance as

bookcases and shelves.

Working drawing of the stair linking Level 1 with Level 2 and the balcony balustrading at Level 2.

Photos showing detail on thestairs

Wood Modeldisplayingdetail workof the stairs

Entrance RampThe structural steelwork supporting the “floating” floors of Project

180 terminates on the east and west sides in a specially fabricated

triangular steel section that follows the segmented outline of the roof

profile and provides an outer edge fixing for the glass cladding panels.

On the North side of the house the steel frame meets the

transverse space that forms the entrance hall, the stairwell

and the fire lobby of the house.

This tall space arises clear from the 1st floor level to the roof,

with projecting steel beams supporting 2nd and 3rd floor landings

and the two intervening flights of stairs.

Because of one the overhanging large tree, the outline of the

steep 50 degree ramp of glass on the garden side is almost

completely obscured.

The effect between the trees and the ramps are concealed

by the genealogy of the house as well as its outline.

Ramp Details1. 6 mm Aluminum plate2. 20 mm aluminum decking3. 50 mm stainless steel tube4. 114 mm stainless steel tube5. 88 mm stainless steel tube6. 50 x 15 stainless steel flat section7. 6 mm white plaited nylon cord8. 50 mm stainless steel tube9. 6 mm stainless steel plate10. Concrete pads

Ramp detailed drawings

Structure plan details

Wall to Glazing Plan details:1. Stainless Steel capping2. Rainwater pipe3. 300 x 300 mm glass blocks4. Insulation5. Brickwork6. Insulation7. Blockwork8. Mild steel continuous edge section9. Aluminum floor channel10. Heating pipe11. Radiator12. Sliding doors13. Radiator cover

Glazing and Roof cladding details:1. Continuous extruded aluminum section2. Stainless steel supporting arm3. Double glazing panel4. Stainless steel button fixing5. 12 mm glass6. Insulation7. 12 mm plywood8. Pvc and foam rubber acoustic lining

Façade & Structure plan detail

Glazing details:1. Glazing2. Stainless Steel button fixing3. Continuous extruded aluminum section4. Spine and Horizontal bracing junction5. Sliding Doors to garden6. Radiator floor recess7. Anodized aluminum grille8. Drainage recess9. 18 mm diameter ceramic tiles10. Decking and concrete slab floor11. Main steel structure12. Plaster ceiling13. Aluminum frame to vent14. Frameless glazed opening vent15. Stainless steel gutter section16. Glass blocks17. Anodized aluminum plate stiffener18. Vapor barrier

Diagrams showing detail

Critical Appraisal

Living inside this house you find a lot of Pros and cons.

The idea of living inside this whole envelope is designed to

battle with considerable and opposing natural forces.

The tremendous South – facing area of glass not only represents

a problem of heat gain, but the shading effect of the overhanging

trees worsens it by also making it necessary to maximize daytime

lightening in order to keep the deep-plan lower floors adequately lit.

This conflict was resolved in numerous ways:

- By the use of low-emission coated glass to modulate heat loss.

- By the use of full-width motorized white blinds for reflectivity

- Through the provision of motorized frameless opening lights.

At the beginning, the excess heat was disposed of by directing it

up the inside of the glass cladding to vent out through the opening

lights at the top of the house. Using these lights, Breeze can be

generated by cross ventilation from north to south or up and down.

Glass is one of the easiest materials to recycle and is economically viable.

Because the glass walls are pretty thick, not only does it keep the noise

away giving the house noise proof protection but it also gives the house

a sense of privacy, comfort and enclosed protection.

The Hauer-King house, like a time machine, has extended the life

of modern Architecture forward into another century.

Using simple materials, it’s achieved to reconnect the old tired British

Architecture with the new world of modernism and futurism.

The Pros of working with stainless steel aluminum and steel beams are

that is very strong and rigid material and also Maintenance-free metal alloy.

The only cons of living in this house is that because is all glass, the habitants

lose a bit of privacy both from the outside as from the inside towards the others

that live inside the house. If there was more walls inside the house, the problem

Could be solved, although it wouldn’t as aesthetical for the house.

Also going up and down those stairs all day long could be pretty exhausting.

Lifts could have been designed to make it easier for the people inside.

Entrance view

While both steel structures and reinforced concrete cement (R.C.C) structures have their pros and cons, the steel structures have better strength-to-weight ratios than RCC and can be easily dismantled. Steel structures, which have bolted connections, can also be reused to some extent after dismantling.

Steel Beams & Aluminum Beams

Bibliography

- ‘Hauer-King House, Future Systems’ ,1994. Martin Pawley- ‘Architect’s Pocket Book’, 2009. Baden-Poweel, Hetreed, Ross- ‘Grid Systems’, 1998. Kimberly Elam- Hauer-King House. VHS Video Documentary- ‘A whole house with a view’, 1994. The Independent- ‘The lightness of being’, 1994. The Observer- www.google.co.uk- en.wikipedia.org- www.aluminum-profiles.com- www.steelbuildingss.com