hazards identification ships in service training material a-m chauvel 2009

HazardsIdentification

Ships in Service Training Material A-M CHAUVEL

2009

Hazards Identification

VulnerabilitiesAssessment

HazardsIdentification

Countermeasures

AssetsIdentification

Verification

Riskassessment


People,Reputation,

Object, Activity,

System,…of interest

A hazards identification

considers the full spectrum

of potential hazards :

- Natural

- Criminal,

- Accidental,

- Human error, etc.

for a given asset, location,

activity or process.



Types of Hazards

Exercise:

What types of hazardscan we find on board a Ship?


Types of Hazards

PhysicalChemical

Biological

Ergonomic

Psychological



Radiation

Cold

VibrationNoise

Heat

Pressure

Physical Hazards

CarcinogenicToxic

Corrosive

Explosive

Flammable

Oxidant Poison

Chemical Hazards



Virus

Fungi

Allergicreaction

Infectionreaction

Bacteria

Other organisms

Biological Hazards


Task design

Workplacelayout

Work activity

Ergonomic Hazards


Decision making

Workinghours

Violenceat work

Psychological Hazards

Stress

Types of Hazards

Exercise:

In this exercise please quantify each hazard

on a scale from 0 to 10

Identify Hazard Scale of Intensity

Score No idea 0-2 3-4 5-6 7-8 9-10

Psychological Chemical

Physical

Types of

hazards

Types of

hazards

Ergonomic

Biological

STOP

The assessment

should examine

supporting information

to evaluate

the likelihood

of occurrence for

each hazard.




Fire

Major accident requiring evacuation

Other

Explosion

Grounding

Personnel accident

LOSS OF LIFE

Dangerous good release

Hazard IdentificationFuel leakFuel leak

EquipmentEquipmentfailuresfailures

Power failurePower failureTsunamiTsunamiOther… Other…

Human errorHuman errorEngine failureEngine failureHull damageHull damage

Heavy weatherHeavy weatherCargo shiftCargo shift

Poor visibilityPoor visibility

Collision Environmental pollution

Flooding / Sinking / …

Co

nse

qu

ence

s



Example ofparameters

used inrisk assessment

Example ofExample ofparametersparameters

used inused inrisk assessmentrisk assessment

OrganisationOrganisationPoor management practicesPoor management practices

Lack of ship specificLack of ship specificknowledgeknowledge

Poor vessel maintenancePoor vessel maintenance

HumanHumanPoor decision makingPoor decision making

Poor judgementPoor judgementLack of knowledgeLack of knowledge

Poor communicationPoor communication

Vessel reliabilityVessel reliabilityPropulsionPropulsion

SteeringSteeringElectrical powerElectrical power

Structural integrityStructural integrity

WaterwayWaterwayLocationLocation

Wind speed and directionWind speed and directionTides, Currents, VisibilityTides, Currents, Visibility

Traffic separationTraffic separation

VesselVesselSize, Age, CrewSize, Age, CrewManoeuvrabilityManoeuvrability

Pilotage requirementsPilotage requirementsEscorting requirementsEscorting requirements

Port controlPort controlTraffic rulesTraffic rules

Navigational equipmentNavigational equipmentNumber of pilots, TugsNumber of pilots, Tugs

Traffic monitoring Traffic monitoring equipmentequipment

- Organisational / procedural failure- Communication failure- Equipment failure- Environmental conditions- Human error- Navigation aids

- Organisational / procedural failure- Communication failure- Equipment failure- Environmental conditions- Human error- Navigation aids

- Structured review or brainstorming sessions- Accident scenarios- Direct causes- Most probable outcomes in terms of loss

- Structured review or brainstorming sessions- Accident scenarios- Direct causes- Most probable outcomes in terms of loss

Hazards Identification : How


Concerning


Hazards HazardsHazards

Avalanche

Drought

Earthquake

Flood

Landslide

Severe local storm

Tsunami

Volcano

Wildly fire

Abandoned mine

Chemical

Civil disturbance

Dam failure

Hazardous materials

Local hazard

Pipeline

Radiological

Act of God

Transportation

Urban fire

Rural fire


Chemical (fire,explosion, poisons)

Bomb

StatutoryNon-compliance

Pollution (oil spills, fires,dangerous goods releases

Spill

Malicious damageand contamination

Biochemical (includingpersonal injury)

Scandal involvement’s(eg, frauds, political)

Extortion


Hazards HazardsHazardsPicketingdemonstrations

Pilferage and theft

Industrial espionage

Storm (wind, hail,lightning, floods)

Contamination

Harassment

Alcohol and drugs

Suborning of staff forfraud or convulsive theft

Bomb threatsand hoaxes

Gravitational (falls,falling objects, landslides)

Discrimination

Electrical

Assault

Noise and vibration

Defamation


Collision

Grounding

Spill

Dangerous good release

Fire

Explosion

Engine failure

Ship damaged

Refrigerating failure



Seaman injury

Illness

Outbreak disease

Death

Bomb threat

Security breach

Piracy

Sabotage

Stowaway


SHIPSHIP

TRAINTRAIN

TRUCKTRUCK

BARGEBARGE

CARCAR

PEOPLEPEOPLE

- Worker- Worker

- Visitor- Visitor

- Passenger- Passenger

ENTRYENTRY LEAVINGLEAVINGIN PORTIN PORT

Ex : Movements in port,… Collision,…Ex : Movements in port,… Collision,…




What andWhere to

ObtainInformation



After defining the scope of the assessment, determine who needs to be involved.

This is a key part of the process.

A right mix of people and experience is necessary to get the most out of your assessment.



Different experts will identify different risks and produce different results.

A group representing all of the various concerned parties will provide the best basis for your risk assessment.

http://www.dvdrama.com/galerie/experts_/2/H/



Stakeholders

Navigational Zones Ship Types

Ship MovementEnvironmentalConditions

Ship FunctionsPort BasedFunctions

Human Tasks

Company memory

Understanding the processes and people involved

- Harbour authorities- Port controllers- Pilots- Coastguards- Ship’s crew- Towage- Berthing crews- Emergency services- Regulators ( MSA / HSE )- Class societies- Environmental groups- Other port users

- Owners- Agents- Oil companies- Suppliers- Insurance, P&I Club- Residents- Yacht clubs- Local authorities- Other amenity interests- Flag Authorities- Media

Data 1- Stakeholders


Understanding the processes and people involved.Understanding the processes and people involved.

- Approaches

- Port entrance

- Navigable channels

- Tanker berths

- Tanker swinging areas

- Others berths / terminals

- Anchorage

- Leisure areas

Data 2 - Navigational Zones



- VLCC / crude tankers

- Gas carriers

- Product tankers

- Tugs

- Pilot vessels

- Rope boats

- Bunker barges

- Ferries

- General cargo

- Naval vessels

- Supply vessels

- Fishing vessels

- Pleasure craft

- Floating cranes

- Dredgers

Data 3 - Ship Types



- Incoming- Outgoing- Movement between berths- Swinging- Incoming coincident with outgoing- Unidentified vessels- Draught restrictions- Speed restrictions- Radar- Navaids

- Pilot exemptions- Uncontrolled vessels- Anchoring / weighing anchors- Pilot boarding / disembarking

Data 4 - Ship Movement



- Wind- Sea state- Tide / currents- Radar clutter

- Visibility ( precipitation )- Light / darkness- Temperature- Radio inference- Draught restrictions- Air draught restrictions

Data 5 - Environmental Conditions



- Propulsion- Steering- Control / manoeuvring- Electrical- Communications- Navigation- Anchoring- Mooring- Piping and pumping- Safety / Security systems- Cargo handling, loading, storage- Life support

Data 6 - Ship Functions



- Navigation markers / lights

- Dredging

- Pilotage

- Port control

- Cargo handling, loading, storage

- Berth structures

- Communications

- Emergency services

Data 7 - Port Based Functions



- Vessel scheduling

- Pre-entry planning and decision

making

- Pilot rendezvous with vessel

- Tug rendezvous and attachment

- Navigation to berth

- Berthing and making fast

- Loading / unloading operations

- Port facilities maintenance

Data 8 - Human Tasks



SafetypracticesReliable

organisation

Return ofexperience


Data 9 - Company memory

SafetySafetypracticespractices

ReliableReliableorganisationorganisation

Return ofReturn ofexperienceexperience

Audit ReportsAudit ReportsNon Conformity ReportsNon Conformity Reports

Accident/Incident ReportsAccident/Incident ReportsNear-misses ReportsNear-misses Reports

Corrective Action ReportsCorrective Action ReportsCargo ClaimsCargo Claims

Daily AttitudeDaily AttitudeDrills & TrainingDrills & Training

Working ConditionsWorking ConditionsGood PracticesGood Practices

Leadership - RecognitionLeadership - RecognitionShip DetentionsShip Detentions


Data 9 - Company memory

Acid rainAcid cloudCommunication lossContamination - airContamination - groundContamination - waterEvacuationFire urbanFire wild landFlood urbanFlood ruralFuel supplyHostageFailure bridgesFailures buildingsFailures roadLand slideMedical emergencyMud / rock flowRiot / lootingSabotageStrikesTransportation - airTransportation - marineTransportation - railTransportation - roadUtilities electricUtilities natural gasUtilities sewerUtilities telephoneUtilities water

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Flo

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La

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Ts

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Wil

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Ab

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Ch

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Civ

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Da

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Ha

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aza

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Pip

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Ra

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log

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Te

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Tra

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Urb

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Ru

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fire

Matrix forHazards &

Vulnerabilities

Asbestos inhalation

Burns from caustic liquids & acidsElectric shock & Electrocution

Falling overboard

Pilot ladder &Pilot hoist operation



Hazards Identification (FSA)Shipboard Hazards to personnel

Accommodation areas :

Combustible furnishings

Cleaning materials in stores

Oil / Fat in galleryequipment



Deck areas :

Cargo

Paint, oils, greases etc,…In deck stores

Machinery spaces :

Cabling

Fuel/diesel oil for engines,boilers & incinerators

Refrigerants

Thermal heating fluid systems

Hazards Identification (FSA)Hazardous substances on board ship

General :

Electric arc

Friction

Hot surface

Incendiary spark

Naked flame

Radio waves


Hazards HazardsHazardsAccommodation areas :Electronic navigation equipment

Laundry facilities :

- Irons,

- Washing machines

- Tumble driers

- Other

Deck areas :

Deck lighting

Funnel exhaust emissions

Hot work sparking

Machinery spaces :

Air compressor units

Generator engine exhaust manifold

Hazards Identification (FSA)Potential sources of ignition

Storms

Lightning

Uncharted submerged objects

Other ships



Hazards Identification (FSA)Hazards external to the ship



Hazards Identification (FSA)

Hazards Identification (IMO)Grounding

Stranding (21%)Grounding

Stranding (21%)Foundered (44%)Foundered (44%)

Fire Explosion (16%)Fire Explosion (16%)

Shipsloss

Shipsloss

Contact (1%)Contact (1%)

Collision (12%)Collision (12%)

??Adverse weather

Adverse weather

High speedHigh speed

Technicalcircumstances

Technicalcircumstances

StressStress

Social hierarchy on board

Social hierarchy on board

SpeedSpeed

PracticesPractices

FatigueFatigue

Poorplanning

Poorplanning

Lack of attentionLack of

attention

Communication failures

Communication failures

Careless overconfidence

Careless overconfidence

Error of judgementError of

judgement

Excessive speed

Excessive speed

Management deficiencies

Management deficiencies

TrainingTraining

Reductionof crew

Reductionof crew

Defective equipmentDefective

equipment

DesignDesign

Blind eyes to procedures

Blind eyes to procedures




Type of Casualty1978 -1994

% ShareNumber

Fire/Explosion

Foundered/Wrecked/Stranded

Sprang leak/Engine Trouble

Collision

Other

81

153

123

101

81

17

32

26

21

4

Mishap in the Straits of Malacca

Shipsloss

Shipsloss

??Engine trouble

(26%)Engine trouble

(26%)Foundered

(32%)Foundered

(32%)

Fire Explosion (17%)Fire Explosion (17%)

Collision (21%)

Collision (21%)

Other (4%)Other (4%)

Mishap in the Straits of Malacca


hazards identification ships in service training material a-m chauvel 2009

Documents

chauvel slide

hazards identification

types of hazards ships

chauvel physical hazards

service training material

types of hazards exercise

organisms biological

spectrum of potential