healing haiti
DESCRIPTION
Architectural ThesisTRANSCRIPT
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THESIS STATEMENT:
Disaster relief design solutions can address the short term or immediate necessities of the a�ected while simultaneously “curing” or preparing for the future. The nation of Haiti is composed of di�erent environmental conditions which help inform di�erent living conditions and generate zones of module communities.
The module community: The implementation of such communities will allow those who reside in them the ability to live, work, and enrich the future of Haiti simultaneously. The extreme deforestation situation in Haiti has been directly caused from the need for energy. Haitians rely on Coal as their only source of energy. To obtain this coal they must chop down their trees. The reclaiming and reforestation of Haiti will only be made possible if alternate renewable energy resources are introduced. The current lack of energy promotes the deterioration of Haiti’s much needed forests due to the lack of other options.
Educating the residents of such communities is the most important element of this proposal because it will allow the residents to take ownership and understand every phase of their progress. The country of Haiti is currently “broken” not only due the damage caused by the recent earthquake but mainly the damage caused by its own residents. The country of Haiti can reclaim and rebuild their land and once again. Eliminating the need to “only live for today” and reestablishing the country’s farming economy to one that goes beyond the current subsistence farming to one that is able to produce surplus goods and help boost the economy of the nation.
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SUMMARY: To eliminate dependency on port au prince (travel), and the NEED to cut trees for fuel, LOCAL means of Sustainable living must be implemented. Re forestation of the land will help HEAL the land damage and will allow new construction to be less Susteptible to natural disaster (like earthquake)
Deforestation statistics to Reforestation Plan
1910 2010 2110 (GOAL)
Why Resforest?
The removal of topsoil has made the land more prone to land slides, these landslides have weakened haiti’s farming economy as well as �shing by polluting the islands shores..weakening Haitis’ infrastructure
Moving Mass
Original Position
Trees ProtectTop soil and prevent
mudslides
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PROBLEM: The charcoal market
+ =
Charcoal from Burning trees
Used as fuel and main source for cooking
Gatherers
Wholesaler
Transporter
Self Transport Retailers
CommercialUsers
CommercialUsers
Wood Distribution System to Port Au Prince Market
33%
15%
1%
3%
9%
3%
36%
Source of charcoal and Transportation Routes for the Pot-Au Prince Market
Road TransportSea Transport
Port Au Prince
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=Food insecure (need assistance to stave o� hunger)
3 Million ( out of 9 Million)
Only 50% of Population has access to safe drinking water.
Existing Goal
HUNGER,ECONOMY
SUMMARY: Food production must become of everyday life; every haitian resident should have access to clean water, new “economy boosters” need to be introduced
POVERTY LINE55 % of (9 million) live below the poverty line
of US$1 a day
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SOCIAL FABRIC OF HAITIAN HOUSEHOLD
Single Couple 3,4 occupants 5+ occupants
Population pyramid 2010 Population pyramid 2050
MALE FEMALE
DESIGN CONSTITUENTS
Summary: Throughout the 40-50 year course the majority of the population will be composed of youths under the age of 30 any new development must target this age group, (with great focus on schools). Any residential development must target the di�erent household compositions from single occupancy to up to 5 people.
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Plan For Education Reform:
Local------>National Education exchange Network
Education should be local,Students must be educated on their direct environments and how to livewithin them.The exchange network allows for studentsto learn di�erent trades (�shing or farming)while learning to value the country as a whole
Agrarian Module Student
Fishing Module Student Urban Module Student
=
PRIMARY SCHOOL ENROLLMENT
SECONDARY SCHOOL ENROLLMENT
COLLEGEPUBLIC/PRIVATE SCHOOL STRUCTURE
$$
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EDUCATION
=GOVERNMENT FUNDING
= INCOME
= PARENTAL PRESENCE
= EXTERIOR RESPONSIBILITY (WORK, FAMILY ETC...)
= SUPPLIES
= LACK OF QUALIFIED INSTRUCTORS
= SCHOOL PROXIMITY
=1% Private School enrollment
=1% Public School Enrollment
$
MAIN FACTOR FOR DECREASE IN SCHOOL ENROLLMENT:
Summary: the existing school
structure contains 90% private
schooling and 10% public. The lack of resources cause a
rapid drop in enrollment.
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POPULATION DISTRIBUTION
CURRENT DENSITY OF TEMP. RELIEF SHELTER REDISTRIBUTION PLAN
Current PopultationConcentration
Re distribution Goal
DECENTRALIZATION PLANOrange Spheres represent concentration of population in Haiti
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(Current)
TRANSITION FROM TEMPORARY TO PERMANENT HOUSING
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(Health)
Safer JointsSturdy Frame
Current Condition
Immediate Need
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REZONING HAITI
ENVIRONMENTAL CONTRAINTS
PRECIPITATION DIAGRAM
In order develop a long term plan for Haiti; we must �rst understand the environmental conditions that are locally unique to the di�erent areas within Haiti. The following diagrams show a study of the existing environmental conditions which will help to diagnose areas of needed development and better inform future design solutions. This analysis helped develop the plan for Rezoning
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ENVIRONMENTAL CONSTRAINTS
ARABLE LAND
LENGTH OF GROWING PERIOD
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To help heal the damage that has been caused through natural and unnatural disaster, the country has been divided into zones that disregard political boundaries, and re�ect speci�c environmental conditions that need to be addressed by local design solutions. Each zone will have a model for living; modules that are speci�c and essential to healing the land.
REZONING HAITI
SELECTED PROPOSAL
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NEIGHBOR COMMUNITIES
After the 2010 7.0 Mw magnitude earthquake, Haitians were forced to relocate due to the destruction caused to the infrastructure. Port au Prince is an unsafe place to reside in. The following diagrams show possible solutions for resetlement.
RELOCATINGRelocating the country’s capital to a more environmentally safe location keeping in mind the country’s history.
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HEALING ZONES
The 7 country-wide Healing Zones can be narrowed to 3 categories Urban, Fishing, and Agrarian
Land Prep/Reforestation
10%Land Prep/
Reforestation25%Farm:
15%
Farm:25%
Farm:25%
Built Environment:
25%
Built Environment:
75%
Built Environment:
50%
Land Prep/Reforestation
50%
AGRARIAN MODULE URBAN MODULE FISHING MODULE
The new population distribution, consisting of 9 Million Residents, Following a plan to decentralize:
4 Million Residents 3 Million Residents2 Million ResidentsExample Zone:ZONES 2,3,4
Each module will consist of 500 People resulting in 8,000 Agrarian Modules within this Zone
Example Zone:ZONE 6
Module: 2,000 People 1,000 Urban Modules within this Zone
Example Zone:ZONE 5
Module: 500 People (6,000 Fishing Modules) within this Zone
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Modular Development and Phasing
The 3 elements of design include FORESTATION, EDUCATION & BUILT ENVIRONMENT the interaction between the three is illustrated in the following diagram. in the latter phases of development the elements of design will work in conjuction to one another to the point where they become a single element. This diagram also shows when funding will be needed and when an economic turnaround could be expected.
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AGRARIAN MODULE
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MASTERPLAN
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Agrarian Module: 2010:Description: Emergency relief Shelter, Land Preparation. |Population: 200|
Agrarian Module: 2020:Description: Farming and community buildingsPopulation: 500 23
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Agrarian Module: 2030:Description: Expansion of Farm and Forest Population: 600
Agrarian Module: 2060:Description: Forestation, Farming and built area to full capacityPopulation: 1,000 24
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FARMING
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FARMING METHOD
TOMATOPEPPERSUMMER SQUASHRADISHESTURNIPS
BEATS ONIONS
LETTUCE
ASPARAGUS
KALE
GREENS BUSH BEANS
ONIONSONIONS
BROCCOLICAULIFLOWER
POLE BEANSPEAS
CARROTS CORNCUCUMBER
SURPLUS
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STRUCTURE
APPLICATION: RESIDENTIAL CLUSTER
APPLICATION:PUBLIC COMMUNITY ELEMENTS (EX: SCHOOL)
APPLICATION:PRIVATE COMMUNITY ELEMENTS (EX:BATHROOMS)
-Structural system composed of 2 independent elements, (primary and secondary structure)
-The system varies/ manifests itself within the 3 di�erent design components; residential clusters, public community elements and private community elements.
-Each structural element must follow the guidelines of ADAPTABILITY, EASE OF CONSTRUCTION, AFFORDABILITY AND SEISMIC RESISTANCE.
STRUCTURE VARIATION:
TYPICAL CLUSTER CONSTRUCTION
STRUCTURAL GRID/ BASE BEAMS/ JOISTS/ FLOOR SLAB COLUMNS/ PARTITION ISOLATION BEARING LAYOUT ORGANIZERS
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CONSTRUCTION DETAIL
PARTITIONS/ PRIMARY ROOF SECONDARY STRUCTURE SECONDARY ROOF
Double 4x6 Plywood
2x6 Rafters
ISOLATION BEARING(MATERIAL- USEDTIRE)
INFILL- LOCALRECLAIMEDMATERIALS
1'-6"X 8' WALL ( SPACED 3’6” APART ) EX AND INWALLS CREATE 6" SLOT
FOR INFILL
GUTTERSFOR WATERCOLLECTIONSYSTEM
2x6 Rafters
COLUMN
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Structures are made from local materials and community members are educated and trained in simple building methods. This method creates jobs for the community members.
EASE OF CONSTRUCTION
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1
2
3
4
5
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+ =
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Environment anf Infrastructure
CATCHMENT AREA
COVERED STORAGERESEVOIR
OUTLET TAP
Bamboo
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WATER COLLECTION
West Water Harvesting
East Water Harvesting
Water Collection
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WASTE MANAGEMENT
Bath Element 1/8”=1’-0”
Water Collection/
Pump
Community Showers
Composting Toilet
<---50 MW Capacity
BATTERY INVERTER
VOLTAGE REGULATOR
NEED TO GENERATE 1,000 Kwh
PER GROUP
ENERGY
Site provides a great potential for wind generated energy:
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SUN STUDIES
March June
September December
March June
September December
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WIND/ CROSS VENTILATION
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SECTION: NTSGROUND TEMPERATURE (MONTHLY AVERAGE)
PLAN: 1/32”=1’-0”
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BR BRLR LR LR
Residential Unit
Structures are organized in groupings. a single unit of living is is and forms a group (grouping of units) These groups begin to form shared public spaces by being arranged in clusters. Clusters eventually share community buildings. UNIT --> GROUP --> CLUSTER --> COMMUNITY
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ADMINISTRATION
CLASSROOM
CLASSROOM
CLASSROOM
CLASSROOMCLASSROOM
CLASSROOMCLASSROOM
CLASSROOMCLASSROOM
CLASSROOMCLASSROOM
CLASSROOM
CLASSROOM
CLASSROCLASSROOM
CLASSROOM
C ASSROOM
CLASSROOMCLASSROOM
CLASSROOMCLASSROOM
CAFETERIA
PLAYGROUND
Clininc/ Senior Center
Distribution Center
Plant Nursery
RECEPT ON
OFFICEOFFICE
OFFICE
Cluster
Community Buildings
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TYPICAL GROUP
Family Unit
tesnuSesirnuS
Program: Function Sq. Footage Usage: 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4
Distribution Center Vital During early phases of designResidential Units Transition living
Elementary School Early Childhood EducationMiddle/High School Environmental Focus
Farm Subsistence/ Generate surplus
Plant Nursery Reforrest landPark Recreation
Community Center Recreation/ socializationSenior CenterAdministration Order/communicationsClinic HealthMarket Place Part of Haitian Vernacular/ Business
Day Care, KinderGarden,1&2nd grades3, 4, 5th Grade6-9th grades10/12th Grades
Adults 18-55Senior CitizensInternational Occupancy
Orphanage
PROGRAM TIME DISTRIBUTION
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GROUP
CLUSTER
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g odo g
o g o g
oh
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o gC
h nc o
S pp e
S h l
ul s
DISTRIBUTION CENTER: SECTION
DISTRIBUTION CENTER: ELEVATION
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PUBLIC SPACES SECTION
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FARM RELATIONSHIP
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RESIDENTIAL CLUSTER
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PROJECT MODELS Models investigating 3 scales of project; structural (detailed) cluster relationships and full site community
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