How many people visited a beach this summer? How much of the earth’s surface is covered

with oceans?

75% of the earth is covered with waterAll the oceans are interconnectedDifferent marine ecosystems exist that

support different life formsDifferent freshwater ecosystems exist that

support plants and animalsWhat aim does this suggest?

AimWhy do different marine ecosystems exist?

OceansOver billions of years, minerals from rocks

leached into the water and were washed into the ocean

Ocean temperatures vary all around the world

Oceans near the equator are warm, like the tropical terrestrial biomes that are there

Oceans near the arctic are cold or freezing

How does the amount of light change as the ocean gets deeper?There is lots of light on the surface, but

rapidly gets less as you get deeperPhytoplankton are the major producers found

in the ocean. Why are phytoplankton found near the surface of the ocean.

Because they need sunlight for energy for photosynthesis

How will organisms that live below the zone of photosynthesis obtain nutrients.?Animals (fish, insects, etc) are all

heterotrophs/consumers and they eat plants that fall down or eat other animals found deep in the ocean

How are the oceans divided into zones?

Marine biomes• Oceans

1. intertidal zone- shoreline, covered with water at high tide and uncovered at low tide

There are the animals that you sometimes find on the shore

Seaweed, snails, seagulls, crabs

Marine biomeLittoral zone- ocean surface, shallow waters

Filled with light, producers live here, like algae

Lots of nutrients available so many different heterotrophs live here

Worms, mollusks (clams, oysters) and fish

Marine biomeOpen ocean - medium deepAbyssal zone – deep oceanLimited photosynthesis and producers, so limited animals, only ones that have adapted to this environment (giant squid, octopus)

Live in darkness

Diagram of marine zones

Coral reefCorals are polyp-like animals, related to

jellyfish, that live in colonies and release a calcium carbonate skeleton around themselves

As corals grow, they leave behind the skeleton and it becomes the reef

Photosynthetic dinoflagellates live within corals.

How can you characterize the relationship of the corals and the dinoflagellates?

Symbiotic relationship

HW reminders per 1/2Terrestrial biomes chart due FridayLab #8 due WednesdayGroup project Slides due WednesdayBottle biology ecosystem lab report due in

class mostly done on Thursday, final version to hand in on Friday

Lab on Friday