WOMEN IN

WORKFORCE What we should know about it

Hult Women’s

Association 2012

Gisele Feldman

Why women reach high education levels,

but don’t reach leading positions?

Women’s representation in Fortune 500 leadership positions.

Women earn 58% of Bachelors degrees+60% of Masters degrees+49% of Doctorates

So it’s not about lack of education

Gisele Feldman

The Gap is shrinking, but still, for the

same job, women get paid less

Source: OECD Employment Outlook 2010 & Wikipedia

Men choose better paid jobs? Or Jobs pay men better? Women have different

preferences?

Gisele Feldman

Surprising Statistics? Women…

• In the U.S. earned 36.8% of MBAs in 2010-20111

• Make only 77.5 cents for every dollar that men earn2

• The more educated, the greater the disparity in her wages

• May work longer to receive promotions (and higher pay)

• With children earn 2.5% less than without (men=opposite)

• 3% of Fortune 500 CEO are women

1:The Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business, unpublished data (2011)

2. US Census 2003

3. NYT: http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2009/03/01/business/20090301_WageGap.html?8dpc

4. JOURNAL OF BUSINESS ETHICS. Volume 37, Number 1, 77-89, DOI: 10.1023/A:1014782118902

5. US Census: http://usgovinfo.about.com/cs/censusstatistic/a/womenspay.htm

6. Fortune Ranking 2011

Gisele Feldman

12 Fortune 500 Companies run by women

• CEO Company Rank

• Bartz, Carol A. Yahoo 365

• Braly, Angela F. WellPoint 42

• Burns, Ursula M. Xerox 121

• Elsenhans, Lynn L. Sunoco 68

• Jung, Andrea Avon Products 226

• Kullman, Ellen J. DuPont 84

• Meyrowitz, Carol M. TJX 119

• Mooney, Beth E. KeyCorp 417

• Nooyi, Indra K. PepsiCo 43

• Rosenfeld, Irene B. Kraft Foods 49

• Sen, Laura J. BJ's Wholesale Club 221

• Woertz, Patricia A. Archer Daniels Midland 39

Gisele Feldman

Women Employment Situation

in Argentina

Women Employment Situation

• Only 8% of the Private Held Companies in the world are

led by a Woman (CEO).

• Worldwide, 20% of the High Level Position are occupied

by women.

• Some numbers in Latin America:

- Chile has 25% women in High level positions

- Brazil has 24% women in High Level positions

- Argentina has only 18% women in High level positions

What is going on in Argentina? • 51% of the companies do not have women in their Board

od Directos. (vs 38% worldwide).

• 40% of the workforce is held by women

• Average women´s wage is 30% less than men

• Chauvinist culture (Women role: Raise children)

• Personal life vs Professional Life

• Lack of law and employment policies

However… there are Women CEOs in successful companies…

• In 1990 María Luisa Fulgueira became the first woman

that was selected to be a CEO in Dow Corning (silicone

manufacture company).

2012:

•Microsoft

•PepsiCo

•Hewlett Packard (HP)

•Chandon,

•Banco Hipotecario

Thank you!

WOMEN IN OMAN

Sheikha Al-Barwani

January 16th 2011

Oman

• Part of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC)

• Bordered by the United Arab Emirates, Saudi Arabia,

and Yemen.

• Population of almost 3 million

• Religion is Islam

Women’s Right

• Education

• Work

• Travel

• Drive

Women in the Workforce

• Equal career opportunity & pay

• Examples: doctors, teachers, lawyers, CEOs,

accountants, journalists, police officers, armed

forces, engineers, artists, athletes and many more

Women in the Workforce

• 9 women serve in the State Council

• 2 female Omani ministers are currently appointed in Education &

Higher Education.

• The first female Ambassador was appointed to the Netherlands in

1999

• Another female Omani ambassador to the United States was

appointed in 2005 and is still acting.

• In 2003 an Omani woman was appointed head of the United Nations

Information Centre, based in Geneva, Switzerland.

Women in PDO

• 4 female directors out of a total of 10

• Offer higher education scholarships and training

• Support working mothers:

oFlexitime

o10 working weeks of maternity leave

oOptional unpaid leave of up to 6 months

o1 hour nursing time

Is there a Glass Ceiling? A combination of two components:

• Glass: while it is very real, it is transparent and not obvious to the observer

• Ceiling: there is a limit to how far someone can climb it.

If there is one, can we break it?

Gisele Feldman

Different Theories and Organizations

present diversity as a value • Through diversity you can reach better results than with

homogenous smart people

• Diversity Prediction Theorem

• Crowd Error = individual error - diversity

• Theory buildt by a Michigan Profesor, Scott E Page: www.cscs.umich.edu/~spage

Do We Still Need Affirmative Actions?

Necessary remedy for past and current

discrimination, and essential to our democracy…

…or unnecessary to reach equality and an unconstitutional act?

positive steps taken to increase the representation of

women and minorities in areas of employment, education,

and business from which they have been historically

excluded. When those steps involve preferential

selection—selection on the basis of race, gender, or

ethnicity—affirmative action generates intense controversy1

Fullinwider, Robert, "Affirmative Action", The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Winter 2011 Edition),

Edward N. Zalta (ed.), URL = <http://plato.stanford.edu/archives/win2011/entries/affirmative-action/>.

So, What Can We Do?

• Become Leaders: be present where decisions are made

• http://vimeo.com/18985647

Gisele Feldman