hydropolitics twm global2010 (iii)
TRANSCRIPT
Ana Elisa Cascão - SIWI
Presentation to TWM Global 2010
Maputo, Mozambique
HYDROPOLITICS (III): Water and Cooperation
How to overcome the deadlock?
Way forward?
Riparian A Riparian B
Deadlock
Deadlock
COO
PERA
TIO
NCooperation among equals
?
Riparian A Riparian B
Riparian A Riparian B
COOPERATION
?
Cooperation among riparians with asymmetric power
NILE RIVER BASIN:My water, Your water, Our water?
EGYPT
9 UPSTREAM RIPARIANS
Sharing the Nile water resources
UN Water Convention (1997):Principle of Equitable and Reasonable Utilisation of water
New Nile Agreement
Egyp
t
Ethi
opia
Negotiating water treaties: ‘what is in there for me?’
Nexus – Water, Law... and Politics
WATER LAW...POLITI
CS
NEGOTIATIONS OF TRANSBOUNDARY WATER LEGAL AGREEMENTSARE HIGHLY POLITICISED PROCESSES:
• Equitable and reasonable utilisation is difficult to operationalise• Asymmetric power might be an obstacle
• Negotiations on volumetric water allocations are highly problematic• “Water-sharing” might not be the best approach
Water-Sharing vs. Benefit-Sharing?
Benefit-Sharing Approach
Benefits to to
the river
Benefits from from
the river
Benefits because because
of the river
Benefits beyondbeyondthe river
BENEFITS OF COOPERATIONBENEFITS OF COOPERATION
Environmental Social Economic Political
Sadoff and Grey 2002, 2005
“A focus on sharing the benefits derived from the use of water,rather than the allocation of water itself,
provides far greater scope for identifying mutually beneficial cooperative actions”
‘Making the pie bigger’:Generating and sharing regional benefits
TWO-Analysis,SIWI 2008
Positive-Sum Outcome:All could get a bigger ‘share’ of the pie
Hydropower Production and Trade
Irrigation Development
Water Cooperation: example from the Senegal Basin
Who gets what water, when, where and how?
• 4 riparians: Senegal, Mali, Mauritania, [Guinea]
• Well-established Senegal River Basin Organisation (1972)
• Goals: shared development, joint governance and conflict management
• Jointly planned and owned infrastructures
• Shared costs and Shared benefits
• Water and socio-economic development (food security, hydropower, navigation, etc)
• Senegal Basin: good example of transboundary water cooperation
Manantali Dam - a joint project:shared benefits and shared costs
Identify cooperative or joint cooperative or joint projects
in your river basin
EXERCISE 2: ‘Making the pie bigger’
?
? ?
?
?
How can the benefitsbenefits be shared
among the riparian states?
How can the costscosts be shared
among the riparian states?
Thanks for your [email protected]
HYDROPOLITICS (III)
* Hydropolitical Cooperation is possible
* ‘Water-sharing’ (water allocation) is a difficult political process
* ‘Benefit-sharing’ can be an alternative paradigm