ieee 5g summit rio stepping forwards to 5g -181130_ieee_5g_summit-rev6-nakamura.pdfgsm (2g) isdn ip...

Stepping forwards to 5G

November 30, 2018

Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

IEEE 5G Summit Rio

Principal EngineerNETWORK BUSINESS STRATEGY OFFICE

FUJITSU LIMITED

NAKAMURA, TAKAHARU

Copyright 2018 FUJITSU LIMITED

Contents

Preambles:

An enabling technology:• Ultra High-Density Distributed Smart Antenna Systems

• Role of 5G / Implications of 5G / Traffic trends / Ways to improve system capacity

As additional remark on ‘Transmission latency’

Utilization of higher and wider spectrum:• mmWave beamforming as an example / Observations on fractional band width

Conclusion: ‘Phased approach’

1

Market demands and Mobile Communication systems


Radio AccessTechnologies

MarketDemand

Mobile Core Network

Analog cell phonesystems

IMT-2000（3G）

Voice Call Capacity

improvement

IP friendly mobile(‘Portable’ Internet)

LTE (3.9G)LTE-Advanced (4G)PDC

AMPSGSM (2G)

ISDNIP based network

ATM

User channelsin radio PHY

Dedicated to each user

1980s 1990s 2000s 2010s 2020s

Global standard+

Multi-media capable

2020&Beyond(‘5G’)

Portable Doors to Variety ofServices

Shared by plural users

?

2

‘4G’ system outlined in 2003


Ref: ITU-R Rec. M.1645 Framework and overall objectives of the future development of IMT-2000 (06/2003)

3

5G Radio Access Technologies foreseen in 2014


Technologies shown here may not be exhaustive and subject to further investigations

Ref: "Mobile Communications Systems for 2020 and beyond", ARIB 2020 and Beyond Ad Hoc Group White Paper, October 2014.

4

Sensing Navigation

DisasterPrediction

RemoteAccess Smart Citizen

Services

Shared Experience

Transport massive information

Real-time feedback

5G ICT creates new knowledge and supports activity of humans and machines in real time, by analyzing large amounts of data in physical world.

Advanced analysis technique

Secure, Stable, Efficient connectivity

‘5G’

The role of 5G: Bridging Digital World and Physical World

Copyright 2018 FUJITSU LIMITED5

Implications of 5G

High speed,High

capacity

Massive connections

5GLow latency, Ultra reliable

Thro

ughput

/User

experience(Q

oE

*)

*Q

uality

of Experience

Number of connections / Amount of data volume

AI

Arena applicationsTelemedicine / Remote surgery

Sustainable Development Smart town

VR / AR

Connected cars

SNS / Video streaming

Utilities

Manufacturing

Smart meter

Digital Signage

Food, Agriculture


New traffic types from possible new fields


2018

Mobile specific traffic

2210Gbps

Fixed comm. Alike traffic

202x?

2210Gbps

Fixed and Mobile communications Traffic in Japan

Refs: "Status of the mobile communications traffic of Japan (May. 2018)," Information and Communications Statistics Database, Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications of Japan, Jun. 2018."Aggregation and Provisional Calculation of Internet Traffic in Japan (as of May 2018)," Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications of Japan, Aug. 2018.

2018

Mobile specific traffic

(Mobile specific applications)

2210Gbps

Replacement of fixed (wired)

communications

202x

2210Gbps

Genuine new Type

Traffic

Wired comm. alike traffic

X 10 within 7 years!X 100 within 14 years?X 1000 in 21 years ???

Depending on Cost vs. Value provided

Urgent: Cope with enormously increasing traffic (on going story in ‘4G’ systems)Foreseen: Handling of genuine new type, genuine mobile specific traffic.

8

Profiles of communication traffic


Refs: "Status of the mobile communications traffic of Japan (May. 2018)," Information and Communications Statistics Database, Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications of Japan, Jun. 2018."Aggregation and Provisional Calculation of Internet Traffic in Japan (as of May 2018)," Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications of Japan, Aug. 2018.

Annual growth ratio of communications traffic Share of mobile traffic (mobile / Total traffic)

9

Ways to improve system capacity

1. Improved spectral efficiency: Peak spectral efficiency: 30bps/Hz (UL), 15bps/Hz(DL)

2. Wider spectrum Utilization of SHF or EHF (up to bandwidth of several hundreds MHz)

3. Smaller cells Area traffic capacity (bps/m2) should be 3 times higher than IMT-

Advanced (ITU-R Rep. M.2134)


Utilization of higher and wider spectrum- implementation aspects -



Number of frequency bands specified in 3GPP

Sources:3GPP TS25.101, “User Equipment (UE) radio transmission and reception (FDD),” (Dec. 1999-Dec. 2017).3GPP TS25.102, “User Equipment (UE) radio transmission and reception (TDD),” (Dec. 1999- Dec. 2017).3GPP TS 36.101, “Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); User Equipment (UE) radio transmission and reception”, (Oct. 2010-Dec. 2017).3GPP TS 38.101-1, “NR; User Equipment (UE) radio transmission and reception; Part 1: Range 1 Standalone,” (Dec. 2017).3GPP TS 38.101-2, “NR; User Equipment (UE) radio transmission and reception; Part 2: Range 2 Standalone,” (Dec. 2017).

12


Number of CA combinations specified for LTE-Advanced

Source: 3GPP TS 36.101, “Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); User Equipment (UE) radio transmission and reception”, (Oct. 2010-Dec. 2017).

13

Utilization of single contiguous wide bandwidth spectrum

Carrier Aggregation (LTE-Advanced)(Combining multiple component carriers)

Single contiguous wide bandwidth carrier


Operation of New RAT above 6GHz

Channel susceptible to shadowing, large penetration loss Beamforming gain and diversity to compensate the large path loss

Potentially high device cost/complexity and power consumption Limited mobility and cell/beam discovery/tracking

Features for above 6GHz (up to 100GHz)

• ~2GHz BW• Support of multiple radio interface parameters for future proofing and

optimization for different scenarios (e.g. Indoor/outdoor, frequency bands, fronthaul/backhaul applications)

Beam-space multiplexing of multiple TX signals• Analog/digital hybrid beamforming

• Low power consumption & cost• One analog beam serves multiple UEs

Beam-space + site diversity to compensate shadowing

New RAT New RAT+

f

LTE

(Def by WRC19)

• Dual connectivity SCell (First priority)• Standalone operation should also be supported


Carrier frequency vs. bandwidth specified for LTE and NR

Ref: 3GPP TS 36.101, "E-UTRA; User Equipment (UE) radio transmission and reception" (V.15.4.0) 2018-10

3GPP TS 38.101-1, "NR; User Equipment (UE) radio transmission and reception; Part 1: Range 1 Standalone" (V.15.3.0) 2018-10

3GPP TS 38.101-2, "NR; User Equipment (UE) radio transmission and reception; Part 2: Range 2 Standalone" (V.15.3.0) 2018-10


Millimeter wave technologies

70GHz Vehicle Radar, E-band(70/80GHz) Wireless transport system

28GHz Wireless equipment (under development)

Millimeter waves

Frequency

70GHz/80GHzE-band wireless transport system

70GHz Vehicle Radar

28GHz Wireless system

Beam forming


http://www.fujitsu.com/global/products/network/products/gx4000/

17



Schema

TypeFull Digital beam

forming

Sub-array with hybrid digital/analog weight control

Simple sub-array config. Inter sub-array coding

DACs 6 2 (with 6 analog phase sifters)

Beam forming

6 antennas/beam 3 antennas/beam(3 antennas×2

sets)/beam

D/A D/A

A B

AB

A B

A B

D/A D/A D/A D/A D/A D/A

信号処理Signal processing

D/A D/A

A B

2A = (A+B) + (A-B)

2B = (A+B) – (A-B)

サブアレー間符号化

A+B A-B

Inter sub-array coding

Hybrid beam forming with reduced power consumption


Ref: Y.Ohashi et.al, "4 beam multiplexing 10Gbps millimeterwave communication with inter-subarray coding interleave beamforming," IEICE Tech. Rep. RCS2017-229 (Nov. 2017).

18

Inter-leaved sub-arrays

D/A

D/A

A B

Phase=0°

Phase=180°

D/A

D/A

A B

Phase=0°Phase=0°

v𝑖 𝜃𝑚

=

𝑘=0

𝐾−1

𝑤𝑖+𝑘𝑀𝑒𝑥𝑝 𝑗2𝜋𝑑

𝜆𝑖 + 𝑘𝑀 sin 𝜃𝑚

= 𝑘=0𝐾−1 𝑒𝑥𝑝 𝑗2𝜋

𝑑

𝜆𝑖 + 𝑘𝑀 sin 𝜃𝑚 − sin 𝜃0

= 𝐾𝑒𝑥𝑝 𝑗2𝜋𝑖𝑚

𝑀

v𝑖 𝜃𝑚 : Array factor

𝑤𝑖+𝑘𝑀: Antenna weight

𝜃0: Main lobe direction

M: Number of sub-arrays

K: Number of elements per array

where sin 𝜃𝑖 − sin𝜃𝑚 = 𝑚𝜆

𝑀𝑑



19

Inter-leaved antenna array

Antenna array configuration: 16 arrays (8 arrays × 2 sets) Horizontal beam steering

8-ch phased array chip ×2

DAC

DAC

Millimeter Wave

Frequency Conversion

Phased Array Chip

16 Array Antennas

Millimeter Wave

Frequency Conversion

Phased Array Chip

0.7λ

33mm

58mm

Antenna board (60GHz)



20

Antenna beam patterns

Item Parameter

RF carrier frequency 60.5GHz

Bandwidth 1.08GHz

Modulation BPSK / QPSK / 16QAM

OFDM symbol interval 1.0074µsec

Bit rate 2.53Gbps/beam

Number of beams 4 (max)

Single sub-array TX(Bore sight=18°)

Interleaved 2 sub-array TX(Bore sight=18°)



23

An enabling technology

Ultra High-Density Distributed Smart Antenna Systems



Ultra High-Density Distributed Smart Antenna Systems BS-BS distance < 100m

（Outdoor: ～several 10m,

Indoor: ～ Several meters)

Propagation characteristics Line of sight propagations

⇒ Stable and high quality communications

Higher inter-cell interference

Utilizing inter BS coordinated transmission at cell edge areas

Enabling technologies Inter cell coordinated beam forming

Combination of distributed and concentrated antenna deployment

Inter BS distance

Inter BSdistance

[m]

# of BSs[BSs/km2]

500 5

200 29

100 116

50 462

35 943

0

20

40

60

80

100

0 100 200 300

見通し確率[%

]

端末-基地局間距離 [m]

Urban Micro (UMi) Model

(3GPP TR36.814)

Pro

bof LO

S [

%]

BS-UE distance


Distributed Smart Antennas

Flexible BS configurationsHigh antenna gain with beam

forming using clustered antennas.Flexible BS configurations allow flexible beam forming design with proper number

of BSs depending on deployment scenarios.

Clustered BS units

Cope with obstacles (Human bodies, trees,

buildings) with distributed antennas.

Distributed BS units(RRH)



Virtual cells

TP

CBBU

Field Trial of Ultra High-Density Distributed Antenna Systems for 5G

Ref: “Fujitsu Launches Field Trial of Ultra High-Density Distributed Antenna Systems for 5G,” Press release of Fujitsu, (Nov. 2017) [http://www.fujitsu.com/global/about/resources/news/press-releases/2017/1107-01.html]

Ref: “5G R&D Activities for High Capacity Technologies with Ultra High-Density Multi-Band and Multi-Access Layered Cells”, IEICE RCS2015-250 (Dec. 2015)

Ultra High-Density Distributed Antenna Systems


Ultra low latency data transmission- An additional remark -


Ref: The Tactile Internet, ITU-T Technology Watch Report, Aug. 2014

Exemplary latency budget of a system of the Tactile Internet

[Ref] The Tactile Internet


Tokyo centered Rio de Janeiro centered

18,553km(62ms@3×108m/s）

Azimuthal equidistant projection

Consideration: Geographically localized network services

Ref: Nakamura. T, “Radio Access Network Technologies for ‘5G’”,IEICE Soc. conf. 2015 (Sep. 2015),

P. Wessel, W. Smith, “A global self-consistent, hierarchical, high-resolution shoreline database”, Journal of geophysical research, Vol. 101, No. B4, pp.8741-8743 (Apr. 1996)


18,553km(62ms@3×108m/s）

The other side of the globe

30

Ref: "Embarking on Mobile Communications systems for 2020 and beyond," Proc. 2016 IEICE General Conference, TK-3-4, SSS-9, Mar. 2016 (in Japanese).)

Propagation delay at speed of light

Lower bound of propagation delay vs. distance


Consideration: Geographically localized network services

Ref: Nakamura. T, “Radio Access Network Technologies for ‘5G’”,IEICE Soc. conf. 2015 (Sep. 2015),

P. Wessel, W. Smith, “A global self-consistent, hierarchical, high-resolution shoreline database”, Journal of geophysical research, Vol. 101, No. B4, pp.8741-8743 (Apr. 1996)


Tokyo centered Rio centered

Azimuthal equidistant projection (Partial log scale)

100km (0.3ms@3×108m/s）

100km(0.3ms@3×108m/s）

32

Phased approach- Conclusion remarks -


5G RAT and LTE Evolution (Phased approach)

5G Phase-1 (To be deployed in 2020)• New RAT (up to 30GHz)

• Mainly for eMBB• Massive MTC, Ultra reliable

MTC• E2E latency reduction• Flexible TDD• Enhancements for UDN

5G Phase-2 (To be deployed in 2022~2023)• Extension of BW using new spectrum

above 6GHz (New RAT up to 100GHz, BF/MIMO)

• Support of full-duplex operation• (mmWave) wireless back/fronthaul

Forward/Backward

compatibility

• Technologies for LTE evolution can also be used also for 5G new RAT. So, the above classification may not be strictly followed.

LTE Evolution• eMBB

• eLAA for 5GHz unlicensed• Flexible duplex (FDD)• WiGig aggregation• MUST

• Latency reduction, V2X, …

LTE Evolution continues

Tight interworking

Ref: “R&D activities towards 5G in Fujitsu,” MultimediaPromotion Forum, presentation #678, (Oct. 2015)


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