Immune System

First Line of Defense

Maryland Science Content Standard

• Select several body systems and explain the role of cells, tissues and organs that effectively carry out a vital function for the organism, such as defense

Objective

• Title:Homeland Security

• Date: 04/19/23

• I will Identify ways the body defends itself against pathogens and explain how the body uses the inflammatory response to maintain homeostasis.

Lesson Question:

What role does the skin have in helping your body maintain homeostasis?

Engage your thinking…

Think about it….

• What does your skin do for you?

The skin has three major jobs:

• The skin helps to regulate temperature by keeping in heat for warmth and cooling the body through the evaporation of sweat;

• It also covers the body to prevent the loss of water so you don’t dry out;

• And…Keeps out invaders called “pathogens” that can cause infection.

Your skin…what does it do?

Let’s Explore Let’s Explore the Skin!the Skin!

http://kidshealth.org/kid/body/skin_noSW.html

• We already know that the skin helps to regulate body We already know that the skin helps to regulate body temperature and prevent the loss of water, but how temperature and prevent the loss of water, but how does the skin fight disease? does the skin fight disease?

• Use the website above and your books (pp. 161-162) Use the website above and your books (pp. 161-162) to answer the following:to answer the following:

• What are pathogens?What are pathogens?• What are three barriers in your body that protect you What are three barriers in your body that protect you

against pathogens?against pathogens?• Where do most pathogens get through the skin to Where do most pathogens get through the skin to

enter the body?enter the body?

Levels of organization Levels of organization for the skinfor the skin

• The main functions of the skin are to regulate The main functions of the skin are to regulate body temperature, prevent loss of water, and body temperature, prevent loss of water, and keep out pathogens that can infect and cause keep out pathogens that can infect and cause disease. disease.

• The skin is the largest organ in the body…and The skin is the largest organ in the body…and is so large it is sometimes considered to be its is so large it is sometimes considered to be its own system.own system.

• These skin made up of mostly epithelial tissue.These skin made up of mostly epithelial tissue.• This tissue is made up of specialized cells that This tissue is made up of specialized cells that

have different jobs (animal cells).have different jobs (animal cells).

Explain:Explain:Other Barriers for Pathogens…Other Barriers for Pathogens…

Use your text (Chapter 5) to complete the graphic organizer explaining the three barriers that are your body’s first line of defense against pathogens.

Explain…Explain…The Inflammatory Response…The Inflammatory Response…

Use your text (Chapter 5) to answer the Use your text (Chapter 5) to answer the following:following:

• When is the inflammatory response When is the inflammatory response triggered? Explain.triggered? Explain.

• What is the role of a phagocyte?What is the role of a phagocyte?

• What causes a fever? Explain. What causes a fever? Explain.

• Why can a fever help your body fight Why can a fever help your body fight infection?infection?

Evaluate yourself…

• How does the body use the inflammatory How does the body use the inflammatory response to maintain homeostasis? Please response to maintain homeostasis? Please explain using information from your text explain using information from your text and our class investigations.and our class investigations.

Evaluate yourself…

Can you:Can you:

• Identify ways the body defends itself Identify ways the body defends itself against pathogensagainst pathogens

• Explain how the body uses the Explain how the body uses the inflammatory response to maintain inflammatory response to maintain homeostasis.homeostasis.