imperialism -a policy by which stronger nations extend ... · imperialism imperialism-a policy ......
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ImperialismImperialism - A policy by which stronger nations extend their economic,
political, or military control over weaker nations.
Example:
European Control
of Africa in 1914
Cuba
Cuba is an island in the Caribbean
about 90 miles south of Florida
Spain controlled Cuba for almost
400 years
The U.S. had financial interests in
Cuba and tried to buy it at one time
Cubans rebelled against the Spanish
to try to win their freedom in a
series of wars
U.S.S. Maine
The U.S.S. Maine blew up in
Havana Harbor Feb. 15th, 1898
266 men killed in explosion and
America is outraged, “Yellow
Journalism” calling for revenge
Cause of the explosion can’t be
proved – America blames Spain
Congress and Pres. McKinley
move to declare war against
Spain
Spanish American War
U.S. forces land in Cuba in June 1898
T.R. leads an all-volunteer group of
soldiers called “Roughriders” in Cuba
T.R. and Roughriders lead an assault
on San Juan Hill- bloody fighting
ensues
U.S. forces with help from Cuban
rebels win victory in war in less than
4 months
Other Theaters in WarAmerican naval forces dominate the
Spanish in the Philippines
Spanish surrender to American
Army forces at Manila, Philippines
Navy warships bomb Puerto Rico
American Army storms Puerto Rico
and easily takes control
The Treaty of Paris ended the war
on Dec. 10,1898
Aftermath of the
Spanish-American War
Terms of the peace treaty included the
U.S. acquiring Puerto Rico, Guam,
and the Philippines for $20 million
Cuba began the process of gaining its
independence from Spain
Tens of thousands of Cubans/Spanish
dead; perhaps 250,000 Filipinos die
America now a world power – marks
the end of the Spanish Empire
Boxer Rebellion
In the early 1900’s, China was
seen as a country with vast
potential for U.S. markets (a
place where goods made in the
USA could be sold).
At the same time, many countries
in Europe were also trading with
China.
**Think of examples of why China was so
important to industrial countries
What was the rebellion?By 1900, many Chinese
opposed the spread of
Western influence in their
country.
A secret society, known as
the Boxers, rose in revolt to
drive out the “foreign
devils.”
The Boxers killed hundreds
of missionaries and other
foreigners.**Why might people in China be
unhappy with foreigners in their
country?
The Boxer WarIn August 1900, troops
from Britain, France,
Germany, Japan and the
United States were sent
to China to protect
foreigners and to put
down the rebellion.
Thousands of Chinese
people died during the
fighting.
The AftermathAfter the defeat of the Boxers, U.S. Secretary
of State John Jay took steps to prevent the
Imperial powers from dividing up China.
Jay’s “Open Door Policy” said that all
participating powers would have equal access
to China and her markets.
**Why do you think the USA
be “OK” with everyone
having equal access to China?
U.S. Beliefs/Ideals
The open door policy reflected three deeply held
American beliefs:
1. Americans believed that the growth of the U.S.
economy depended on exports.
2. The United States had right to intervene abroad
to keep foreign markets open.
3. The fear that the closing of an country/area to
American products, citizens, or ideas
threatened U.S. survival.