indian journal of dairy science

7/27/2019 Indian Journal of Dairy Science

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Research Article

Performance f LivestockSectorA Macro Study of MeghalayaS.M. Ferozel Ra m Singh2 an d Shiv Raj Singh Rathore3

College of Post Graduate Studies, Central Agricultural University, Umiam, Meghalaya.The uthole NEH reglon ls knoutn qs meqt consuming zone of Ind.ia as, unlike other parts of India,no social taboo is qttq'ched to ang tgpe of rneat but the most preferred. meqt is portc aia AeejConsumptlon of /rrtlk o'nd nilk prod.ucts fs lower in the state in co,zrparison to Northern statesof Ind,ta due to food ho,blts and less avallabilitg of mllk. But due to increq.se ln per capltalncorne and changes ln ltfe stgle d.emand. for nilk and mllk products is also grout[ng. Hince,this paper is an attempt to stud,g the stoltus and perfortnance of the llvestock sector tn thereglon. Meghalaga Is home for 7557 thouso;nd llvestock, 2827 thouso;nd. pouttry bird. Other thancattle (49 o/o)'Prg P7%) a'nd goat (27%o)are the najor qnirnals reared. in Meghalaga. Totalllaestock populatlon of Meghataga has increased by nine per cent in betuteen I99Z and. ZOO\.Maxtmum tttcrease ln population base can be obsented. in pig (19%") and. goat FZn. Toto.l mflkproductlon of Meghalaga Is 76.5 thousand tonnes in 2OO7-O8 and, per .opito milk aaallabllttg is83 g/dag durlng 2oo7-O8. Milk price retnained. comgtaratiuelg high in tie state q.nd. retail milkprlces in Shlllong mqrket oaer the yeqrs show price aaried from Rs.2B to Rs.3f per lltre ln thernonth of August ln betuteen 2OOO and 2OO9 Meghalaga ranked third. tn egg prid.uctton with aproduction leuel of 988.6a lakh numbers of eggs q.mong the north eastiin states. The meatproductlon has also gone up bg 35 per cent tn Meghalaga in betuteen 2oO4-Os and 2OOZ-OSHence, lt ls concluded that the llaestock sector ho's the potential to ptag an lmportant role notonlg ln the issues of food securltg and nutrttlona'l. securitg tn the reglon-but also utll be hetpfulin lncome and emplogment generatlon to the ntral poor if proper pollcy ihftlattves qre taken.Keguord.s: Ltaestock, Meghala.ga, Economics, perforrnance

INTRODUCTIONl![ eghalaya is one of the seven sister states- '- of the North-Eastern Region (NER) of Indiawith total geographic area of 22,429 sq.km. whichis 8.55 per cent of the NER's geographic area.The total populat ion of the state is 2.31 mil l ionin 20Olwhich is 5.95 pe r cent of NER's populationout of which rural populat ion is 80.4 per cent.The population density of the state is lO3 personspe r sq.km. The state is a predominately tribalstate as 85.94 pe r cent of the population is tribalpopulat ion in the state.A g r i c u l t u r e p l a y s a n im por t an t r o l e i nMeghalaya's economy and employs more than65 percent of the total workforce of the State. I tcontr ibuted near ly 307o to the state's NSDp ini999-00 . Agr icu l tu re not on ly supp l ies rawmater ials for industr ies outside the state such

as cot ton, jute, ginger etc. but also provinputs to other few small agro-based indusin the state such as turmeric, paddy, me t c .Agr iculture is mainly of subsistence natureorganic by default and Jhoom cultivation is wprevalent in the state. Livestock is an imporcomponent of mixed farming system dupreference of meat in their daily diets. The wNER is known as meat consumin g zone of Ias, unl ike other parts of India, no, social tais at tached to any type of meat but the mpreferred meat is pork and beef. Consumpof milk and milk products is lower in the sin comparison to Northern states of Indiato food habit and less avai labi l i ty of milkdu e to increase in per capita income an d chanin life style demand fo r milk and milk produ

CAU, Umiam-793Studies, CAU, Um

I Assislant Professor (Economics), School of Social Sciences, College of Post Grad.uate Studies,Meghalaga2 Associote Professor (Form Management), Schoot of Social Sciences, College of post Grad.uate79 3 1 0 3, M eghalag a. Eriail-ramsingh. eau@g mail. com. Mo No -0 9 40 2 I g Z62 43 PhD Research Scholar (Dairg Economics), National Dairg Research Institute, Karnal, Haruana-j32OOL201 1-OO9Receiued:Decernber2010; Accepted:February 201 1

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