Instrumentation & Control Research for NPP at Western University

in Canada

Instrumentation & Control Research for NPP at Western University

in Canada

Jin Jiang NSERC/UNENE Senior Industrial Research Chair

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, N6A 5B9, Canada

jjiang@eng.uwo.ca

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University of Western Ontario

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Nuclear Power Plants in Canada

Pickering A 2168 MWe

Bruce A 3300 MWe

Pickering B 2160 MWe

Bruce B 3440 MWe

Gentilly-2 685 MWe

Point LePreau 680 MWe

Darlington 3740 MWe

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CANDU

(CANadian Deuterium Uranium)

Power Plant

Overview of CANDU Power Plant

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Diagnostics

Research being Supported

Advanced Control

Wireless Sensor Applications

Modeling

Simulation

Devices and Networks

Simulation Environment for I&C Research

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Big Screen

Ph

ysic

al

te

st

be

d

Safety

Control

Systems Physical

Demo Engineering Workstations

(Fieldbus, DCS, Safety)

Shutdown

System/

Simulation

Work-

bench

Instrument

Work-

bench

Connectivity

Cart

Simulator

Simulator and Console

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DCS and Safety PLCs

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Physical I&C test bed

SG level and pressure control

Pressure and inventory control of heat transport system

Pressurizer pressure and level control

Turbine control

Shutdown systems

Passive safety system

Monitoring and fault diagnostics

Reactor power control

Functions of Physical I&C test bed

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Reactor modeling and simulation

Hardware- and software-in-the-loop simulation

Distributed control systems, networks and smart devices

Control system design and evaluation

Fault detection and diagnosis

Nuclear I&C Research Activities at Western

Wireless sensor applications

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(d)

(a) (b)

(c)

3-D reactor power distribution by a modal synthesis model (reactor bulk power is 1.0 FPU)

(a) The sixth plane; (b) The fourth plane; (c) The second plane and (d) The end plane

Reactor Neutronic Kinetic Models

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An animation showing the dynamic process of neutron flux distribution within the 4th layer

RRS’ Function – Spatial Control

Canadian SCWR – Design Evolution

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Modeling of SCWR-based Power Plant

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HP IP

HP HT FD

PUMPDEAERATOR LP HT

REHEATERS

LP

CND

RE

AC

TO

R

GE

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Linear Dynamic Model Development

MCU:

Diagnostics and

Encryption

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DeltaV Distributed

Control System

Honeywell C300

Distributed Control System

Modeling and Hardware-in-the-loop Simulation

Effects on Network Based Control

Human Machine

Interface

Data Acquisition

and Processing System Control Process

Physical Demonstration

Nuclear Power

Plant Simulator

Siemens PCS7

Distributed Control System

HF Controls

ECS1200 SBC06

Verification and Validation (V&V) by Hardware- and Software-in-the-loop Simulation

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Measuring and Analyzing the Fidelity of in-the-loop Simulation Platforms

Currently 3 Measures: Availability, Transparency, Normalized Transparency

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Nuclear Power Plant Safety Critical and Shutdown Systems (FPGA)

Safety Critical Hardware-in-the-Loop Simulation Environment (FPGA)

safety system inputs

(process variables) SI Units, high/low → 4-20mA, 0-5/10V

SI Units, high/low ← 4-20mA, 0-5/10V

safety system outputs

(trip signals)

National Instruments

Data Acquisition (DAQ) Input

Circuit

Processing

Logic

(FSM)

Extensive Conditions

Setpoints

Output

CircuitInputs

Trip

Signal

Altera – Stratix FPGA

with SDS1 logic NPP Training Simulator

and Human Machine Interface

Evaluation

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Level Control Loops using (a) Analog Channels (b) Analog and FF (c) FF H1 Network Only

Research on the Effects of Networks on the Control of a Physical Process

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(a) Plate level responses to a step input;

(b) control signals to the actuator under different control schemes

in the case of time delay from 2.18 to 2.73s.

MPC for Delay Compensation (Experiment)

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U-Tube Steam Generator Level Control

Nonlinear Model Predictive Control

Control through Fieldbus

Level Set-point Optimization for Three Term Controller

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Practice Swell and shrink Inverse response characteristic Typical step response

1

1PNM

2

ss

s

1

1 MP

2

ss

s

*

Non-minimum Phase

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Compensating Circuit

Manipulated variable

Compensated manipulated

variable

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Network deployment scheme in NPP

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Standards in WSN

Investigation on standard low powered WSN ZigBee.

WirelessHart.

ISA 100.

Chirp SS based WSN.

ISA100

ZigBee

WirelessHART

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Observations No significant impact of radiation observed.

Freq. Received power (dBm)

Low Rad. High Rad.

1.700 -43.73 -41.87

2.000 -30.37 -42.43

2.390 -30.46 -25.77

2.400 -26.30 -29.13

2.410 -27.19 -25.03

2.420 -28.23 -27.13

2.430 -23.46 -21.52

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Wireless Communication Inside A Hot Cell

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Interference with RPS

Instrument: Log rate amplifier.

Wireless devices

Walkie-talkie.

ZigBee WSN module.

Vector signal generator, analyzer.

Response recorded at different distances.

Susceptibility of the sensitive instruments to EMI from wireless devices

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Observations with walkie-talkie.

Trip threshold 5%.

0% rate change with WSN modules at even 0” distance.

Distance Rate change

2” 14%

4” 10%

6” 8%

8” 2%

12” 1%

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Interference with RPS

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EM Characterization

Characterization of EM environments in NPP Measurements are taken in an operating nuclear

reactor.

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Deployment Tests in A Research Reactor

At a research reactor

Sensor nodes

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Tests at Point Lepreau Nuclear GS

Wireless

Sensor

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Thank you

for your attention