international publishing-concepts and tools

International Publishing:“Concepts and Skills”

مفاھیم و مھارات : النشر الدولي

Dr. Ahmed-Refat AG Refat

Professor, Community Medicine Dept. FOM ZU May 2015

By the end of this presentation

You will be able to:

• Use the International Guidelines for

preparing your article.preparing your article.

• Select appropriate journal for your work

• Measure your Impact

٢ www.Slideshare.net/AhmedRefat

Sequence of what is needed for International Publishing

I-Pre-submission Phase

Identifying and using of International Guidelines for preparing your article.

II-Submission PhaseII-Submission Phase

Selecting the appropriate journal for your work

III-Post Publication

How to knowing and tracking the impact of your work

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Part One

I-Pre-submission PhasePhase

Using International Guidelines for

Preparing your Article٤ www.Slideshare.net/AhmedRefat

International Guidelines for Scientific Writing

Main International editorial guidelines and good practice

1. International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE)(ICMJE)

2. World Association of Medical Editors (WAME)

3. Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE)

4. EQUATOR Network

5. Int. Stand. For Clinical Trial Registration (WHO)

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1- ICMJE

International Guidelines for Guidelines for

Scientific Writing

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International Guidelines for Scientific Writing

1. International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE)

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ICMJE Recommendations

("The Uniform Requirements")Recommendations for the Conduct, Reporting,

Editing and Publication of Scholarly Work in Editing and Publication of Scholarly Work in Medical Journals

To help authors, editors, peer reviewers and biomedical publishing create and distribute accurate, clear, unbiased medical journal

articles٨ www.Slideshare.net/AhmedRefat

ICMJE Recommendations

("The Uniform Requirements")

The URM was first published The URM was first published in 1978 as a way of

standardizing manuscript format and preparation

across journals.٩ www.Slideshare.net/AhmedRefat

AllYou

Need!!!

www.icmje.org١٠ www.Slideshare.net/AhmedRefat

Main Sections of ICMJE-URM • I. About the Recommendations

• II. Roles and Responsibilities of Authors, Contributors,

Reviewers, Editors, Publishers, and Owners

• III. Publishing and Editorial Issues

• IV. Manuscript Preparation and Submission• IV. Manuscript Preparation and Submission

• A. Preparing a Manuscript for Submission

• 1. General Principles

• 2. Reporting Guidelines

• 3. Manuscript Sections……….. ….. ….. .

• B. Sending the Manuscript to the Journal١١ www.Slideshare.net/AhmedRefat

URM-2015Recommendations

Samples..Recommendations

Samples..

Author- contributor –trial registration-reporting guidelines- reference style

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Who Is an Author? URM-2015

The ICMJE recommends that authorship be based on the following 4 criteria:

1.Contributions AND

2.Drafting; AND2.Drafting; AND

3.Final approval; AND

4.Accountable١٣ www.Slideshare.net/AhmedRefat

Who Is an Author? URM-2015The ICMJE authorship 4 criteria:

1. Substantial contributions to the conception or design of the work; or the acquisition, analysis, or the acquisition, analysis, or interpretation of data for the work; AND

2. .

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2-Drafting the work or revising it critically for important intellectual content; ANDintellectual content; AND

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3-Final approval of the version to be published; version to be published; AND

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1. Agreement to be accountable for all aspects of the work in ensuring that questions related to the that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved.

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Corresponding Author URM-2015

CA: is the one individual who takes primary responsibility for

communication with the journal

and typically ensures that all the journal’s administrative

requirements,

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Non-Author Contributors URM-2015

• Contributors who meet fewer than all 4 of the criteria for authorship criteria for authorship should not be listed as

authors, but they should be acknowledged.

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Examples of activities that alone do not qualify a contributor for authorship are :

• acquisition of funding;

• general supervision of a research group or

• general administrative support;

• and writing assistance,

• technical editing,

• language editing,

• and proofreading. ٢٠ www.Slideshare.net/AhmedRefat

Those whose contributions do not justify authorship may be

acknowledged individually or together as a group under a single heading


as a group under a single heading

(e.g. "Clinical Investigators" or "Participating Investigators"),

and their contributions should be specified………………………..

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The contributions of contributors should be specified …e.g.,

–"served as scientific advisors,"

–"critically reviewed the study proposal,"


–"critically reviewed the study proposal,"

–"collected data,"

–"provided and cared for study patients", "participated in writing or technical editing of the manuscript”.

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•Guest authors are

those who do not meet accepted authorship criteria

but are listed because of but are listed because of their seniority, reputation

or supposed influence

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•Gift authors are those who do not meet

accepted authorship criteria but are listed as a criteria but are listed as a

personal favour or in return for payment

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•Ghost authors are those who meet authorship criteria authorship criteria but are not listed

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The ICMJE accepts registration in any registry that is a primary

register of the WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform

Trial Registration (URM-2015)

Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP)

or in ClinicalTrials.gov, which is a data provider to the WHO ICTRP

-- see --٢٦ www.Slideshare.net/AhmedRefat

The ICMJE endorses these registries because they meet several criteria.

• They are accessible to the public at no charge,

• open to all prospective registrants,

Trial Registration (URM-2015)

• open to all prospective registrants,

• managed by a not-for-profit organization,

• have a mechanism to ensure the validity of the registration data, and are electronically searchable.

An acceptable registry must include the minimum 20-item trial registration dataset

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• Journals are encouraged to ask authors to follow international guideline ( will be

discussed in the following section) because they help authors describe the study in

Reporting Guidelines (URM-2015)

help authors describe the study in enough detail for it to be evaluated by editors, reviewers, readers, and other researchers evaluating the medical literature٢٨ www.Slideshare.net/AhmedRefat

Style and Format• References should follow the standards

summarized in the NLM’s International Committee of Medical Journal Editors

Reference Style & Format (URM-2015)

Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) Recommendations

• Sample References webpage and

• detailed in the NLM’s Citing Medicine, 2nd edition

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2- WAME


Scientific Writing

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World Association of Medical Editors WAME

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3-COPE


Scientific Writing

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Committee On Publication Ethics

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COPE

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4- EQUATOR


Scientific Writing

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EQUATOR Network

Enhancing the QUAlity and Transparency Of Health

Research

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EQUATOR’s Guidelines for main study types

1. Randomized trials ……….…….CONSORT

2. Observational studies …..…..….STROBE.

3. Systematic reviews………… PRISMA

4. Case reports ………………..…...CARE4. Case reports ………………..…...CARE

5. Qualitative research………. SRQR

6. Diagnostic / prognostic …..….STARD

7. Quality improvement studies… SQUIRE

8. Economic evaluations ….…..CHEERS٣٧ www.Slideshare.net/AhmedRefat

CONSORT

• Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials

• The CONSORT Statement comprises a 25-item checklist and a flow diagram.

• The checklist items focus on reporting how the trial was designed, analyzed, and interpreted;

• the flow diagram displays the progress of all participants through the trial.

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Endorsement of the CONSORT Statement

• The CONSORT Statement is endorsed by prominent medical journals and leading editorial organizations. editorial organizations.

• CONSORT is part of a broader effort, to improve the quality of research used in decision-making in healthcare.

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The Strengthening the

Reporting of Observational

Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) Statement: guidelines for reporting

observational studies

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Preferred Reporting Items for

Systematic Reviews and Meta-

Analyses:

The PRISMA Statement

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CARE

The CARE Guidelines: Consensus-based Consensus-based

Clinical Case Reporting Guideline

Development٤٢ www.Slideshare.net/AhmedRefat

STARD

• Essential Items for Reporting Diagnostic Reporting Diagnostic

Accuracy Studies STARD 2015

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SQUIRE

SQUIRE 2.0

• (Standards for • (Standards for QUality Improvement

Reporting Excellence)

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SPIRIT

SPIRIT (Standard Protocol Items: Protocol Items:

Recommendations for Interventional

Trials)٤٥ www.Slideshare.net/AhmedRefat

CHEERS

• Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards (CHEERS) Statement

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5-WHO


Scientific Writing

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Registration of Clinical Trail• intervention used to modify a

biomedical or health-related outcome (for example, drugs, outcome (for example, drugs, surgical procedures, devices, behavioral treatments, dietary

interventions, and process-of-care changes).

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WHO primary registry

• the ICMJE policy requires registration in a WHO primary registry rather than exclusively registry rather than exclusively

in an associate registry, since for-profit entities manage some

associate registries.

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Primary Registries • Primary Registries in the WHO Registry

Network meet specific criteria for content, quality and validity, accessibility, unique identification, technical capacity and identification, technical capacity and administration.

• Primary Registries meet the requirements of the ICMJE.

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ICTRP

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Clinical Trail.gov

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5miunits ) (Break

• Presenting some relevant documents of the previous section .

• Discussion

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Part Two

II-Submission Phase

How to select How to select appropriate journal for

your work

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A-Finding appropriate appropriate

journal٥٦ www.Slideshare.net/AhmedRefat

Journal Databases / Indexes

Services of Journal DatabasesIndexation

TrackingTracking

Abstracting

Citation

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Journal Indexation

Indexed journals are considered to be of higher scientific quality

as compared to non-indexed as compared to non-indexed journals.

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Indexing Service

• An indexing service is a service that assigns service that assigns

descriptors and other kinds of access points

to documents

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Abstracting Service

• An abstracting service is a service that provides abstracts of publications, abstracts of publications, often on a subject or group of related subjects.

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CITATION

• A citation index is a kind of bibliographic database, an index of citations between index of citations between publications, allowing the user to easily establish which later documents cite which earlier documents.

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Examples of Journal Database

Commonly Described indexation Services

1. ISI Web of Knowledge1. ISI Web of Knowledge

2. PubMed

3. Scopus

4. Google Scholar

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ISI Web of Knowledge

• 11,813 journals across all categories of the natural

and social sciences and social sciences covered in the 2014 JCR

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PubMed

•Number of Titles as of March 2016, of March 2016, 5,633 journals.

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Elsevier

• Now it include 22,878 Journals

• Elsevier provides web-based, digital solutions as ScienceDirect, Scopus, Elsevier solutions as ScienceDirect, Scopus, Elsevier Research Intelligence and ClinicalKey —and publishes over 2,000 journals, including The Lancet and Cell

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Google Scholar

• search scholarly literature.

• GS sorts articles by weighing the full text of each article, the author, the publication in which the article appears, and how often the which the article appears, and how often the

article has been cited in other scholarly literature, so that the most relevant results

are returned on the first page

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More indexation services• DOAJ

• Genamics Journal Seek,

• Hinari,

• Index Copernicus• Index Copernicus

• Open J Gate,

• Pro Quest,

• SCOLOAR

• Ulrich's International Periodical Directory.

٦٨

DOAJ

• DOAJ is an online directory that indexes and provides access to high quality, open access, peer-reviewed journals.

• 11,620 Journals• 11,620 Journals

• 2,290,905 Articles

– Médicine –

–Journals (1988)

–Articles (707128)

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Genamics JournalSeek104166 titles Medicine =15409

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WHO - HINARI

Health InterNetwork Access to Research Initiative

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Launched in 2002

Managed by the World Health Organization

HINARI provide s access up to 15,000 HINARI provide s access up to 15,000 journals (in 30 different languages),

and up to 46,000 e-books

from 180 publisher

http://www.who.int/hinari/en/

http://extranet.who.int/hinari/en/journalList_print.php?all=true٧٢ www.Slideshare.net/AhmedRefat

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Oxford University Press OUPOUP is the largest university press in

the world,

Publishing over 300 journals in the humanities, social sciences, law,

science, and medicine.science, and medicine.

OUP now has 220 titles

receiving an Impact Factor,

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Debate• In fact, not all journals indexed even in Index

Medicus are indexed in the JCR. Similarly, not all journals indexed in JCR and consequently have an IF are listed in Index Medicus.Medicus.

• Is it appropriate to make submissions to journals having a high impact factor although they are not indexed with Index Medicus/MedLine/PubMed?

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Finding appropriate

Three Useful Tools !!!

appropriate journal

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1-Journalfinder.elsevier.com

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http://journalfinder.elsevier.com/

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http://journalfinder.elsevier.com/

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2- Biomedcentralfind-the-right-find-the-right-

journal

٨١ www.Slideshare.net/AhmedRefat

• BioMed Central

• Part of Springer

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3-JANE3-JANE

٨٤ www.Slideshare.net/AhmedRefat

http://jane.biosemantics.org/

Journal Author Name EstimatorEstimator

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B-Selecting appropriate appropriate

journal٨٧ www.Slideshare.net/AhmedRefat

1. The aim and scope of the journal:

2. Multidisciplinary or specialty journal.

3. Journal visibility ….. …… ……

Factors Considered in Journal Selection

4. journal prestige ( editorial Board, Sponsor, IF )

5. Peer review process

6. Publication delay (the turnaround time)

7. Rejection Rate

8. Publication charges

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Types of Journals

1. Institutional Journals

2. National / regional Journals2. National / regional Journals

3. International Journals

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1-Institutional Journals• Belong to and started by an institute

• Normally publish papers from the institute

faculty

- Circulation is normally within the institute and

country

- Indexing - not indexed

- Editor - normally belong to that institute –

- Peer Review – may be implemented

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2-National

Journals

•

Journals

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3- International Journal

• An International Journal has following attributes (a) An ISSN number(b) Receives recognition and support from a committed editorial board comprising reputed scholars from across the world(c) A well defined (often very strict) peer review process(c) A well defined (often very strict) peer review process(d) Regular contributions from authors belonging to many different countries(e) Indexing and Abstracting by prestigious international agencies(f) International circulation(g) The publisher operates at the international level or brought out by an international university/institute

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• Optional: Impact factor adds a great prestige to the journal.

• Note that Impact factors are

International Journal

• Note that Impact factors are calculated yearly for those journals

that are indexed in the Journal Citation Reports.

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Applications

Go To IC Value

& ZJOHS

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Discussion

Zagazig journal of occupational health and safety

Abbreviation: ZJOHS

Published by:

Occupational and Environmental Health Services Occupational and Environmental Health Services Center, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University

Publisher Location: Zagazig, Egypt

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• اسم المجلة

• Zagazig Journal of Occupational Health and Safety

• الناشر

• Zagazig University. Faculty of Medicine. Center of Occupational and Environmental

Health Services

• رئیس التحریر

• Prof. Ahmed-refatwww.Slideshare.net/AhmedRefat٩٦

From the following data, Categorize this journal

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Discussion

Impacticitis !!!!!

1600 Regional Journals in WOS-JCR

DORA !!!!DORA !!!!

ICV ???

ZJOHS Case Study

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Part Three

III-Post Publication

How to know the impact How to know the impact of your work

“Measuring Research/er

Impact”١٠١ www.Slideshare.net/AhmedRefat

Measuring Research Impact

Quantitative Methods•Citation counts , IF , H-index…

•Article-Level Metrics (Altmetrics)

Qualitative methods•Open peer recommendations

F1000 (Faculty of 1000)

١٠٢ www.Slideshare.net/AhmedRefat

Citation Tracking• to find the most influential articles for a

particular topic

• to see how often published papers are cited. For years researchers looking citation pattern had only one resource to consult: pattern had only one resource to consult: the Web of Science from Thomson Scientific.

• In 2004 two competitors emerged – Scopus from Elsevier and Google Scholar from Google.

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Quantitative Methods

1-Citation counts

CC is the measure of “ how often an article has been cited” the greater the article has been cited” the greater the

amount of citations that an article attracts, the more significant this

article is to the respective discipline.Database that provides "Time Cited" information

١٠٥ www.Slideshare.net/AhmedRefat



1-Citation countsDatabase that provides "Time Cited" information:

• Web of Science

• Scopus• Scopus

• Academic Search Premier (via EBSCOhost)

• JSTOR

• ProQuest Databases

• ScienceDirect

• SciFinder Scholar (Web version)…….and

• GS١٠٦ www.Slideshare.net/AhmedRefat



2- Impact Factor • Impact Factor (IF) is the average number of

times articles from the journal published in the past two years have been cited in the the past two years have been cited in the

reference year.

JIF 2015 =

Cites in 2015 to items published in 2013 and 2014 /

number of items published in 2013 and 2014

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H index • The h-index quantifies the actual

scientific productivity and the apparent impact of the scientist. The apparent impact of the scientist. The

h-index is based on the author’s most cited papers and the number of

citations they have received from other articles.

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SCImago Journal Rank (SJR)

• SJR: is a prestige metric based on the idea that 'all citations are not created equal'.'‘

• SCImago Journal Rank (SJR) is a measure of the number of times an average paper in a particular number of times an average paper in a particular journal is cited.

• A major difference is that instead of each citation being counted as one, as with the Impact Factor, the SCImago Journal Rank assigns each citation a value greater or less than 1.00 based on the rank of the citing journal

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Eigenfactor Score• The Eigenfactor Score calculation is based on

the number of times articles from the journal published in the past five years have been cited in the JCR year, but it also considers which journals have contributed these citations so journals have contributed these citations so that highly cited journals will influence the network more than lesser cited journals. References from one article in a journal to another article from the same journal are removed, so that Eigenfactor Scores are not influenced by journal self-citation.

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Article-level metrics Almetrics

• The donut and score

• An at-a-glance indicator of the volume and type of attention a research output has receivedreceived

•

١١٣

Almetrics

• Views or downloads -

• Twitter links

• Mentions in blogs or social media

١١٤

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F1000Research.com

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F1000http://f1000research.com/

Faculty of 1000 was launched in 2002 to

evaluate the quality of evaluate the quality of biomedical scientific articles based on the opinion of scientific

experts.


Initially, the papers were evaluated by 1,000

international Faculty international Faculty members; now F1000 boasts more than 10,000 evaluators

spread across 44 subject-specific Faculties.


where F1000 faculty reviewers rate the reviewers rate the

biomedical papers on a three-point scale (1=

good, 2 = very good and 3 = exceptional)


On average, 1,500 new articles are reviewed every month, which according to month, which according to

the F1000 website corresponds to about 2% of all published articles in the

biological and medical sciences

Indexation of F1000 Article

• Articles are immediately indexed in GS.

• Once an article passes peer review (i.e. it has

received at least two Approved referee reviews, or one Approved plus two Approved with

, it will be indexed in Reservations reviews), it will be indexed in PubMed, Scopus, Chemical Abstracts Service, British Library, CrossRef, DOAJ, and Embase.

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Webmed

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• WebmedCentral is a post-publication review biomedical web portal launched in July 2010. It aims to "eliminate bias,

increase transparency, empower authors, improve speed and

accountability, and encourage free accountability, and encourage free exchange of ideas." There is no pre-

publication screening, although the instructions for authors imply some oversight

for issues such as patient consent. Authors may submit revised versions.

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Tracking and Measuring Your Measuring Your

Impact

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Publish or Perish (http://www.harzing.com)

• Designed to make GS a more useful alternative to ISI

• Designed to empower individual academics by providing citation analysis with a wide range providing citation analysis with a wide range of metrics at a click of the mouse

• Demonstration of author search• Different metrics, Merging publications,

Sorting• Can also be used to assess journals, do

literature research, etc.

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Harzing’s Publish or Perish

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THANK YOU

QUESTIONSQUESTIONS

COMMENTSwww.Slideshare.net/AhmedRefat١٣٢

international publishing-concepts and tools

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