THE SELF AND INTRAPERSONAL COMMUNICATION

SELF-CONCEPT the ways in which we think about and describe ourselves

 SELF-CONCEPT FORMATION

1. Reflected Appraisals

a. Direct Reflections- Largely shaped by response of

others- You come to view your “self” as you

are viewed by others- We are more or less unconsciously

seeing ourselves as others see us

b. Perceived Self- Cooley’s (1912) “looking-glass self” – imagining our appearance to the other

person and imagine his judgment- “What do I perceive to be his attitude

towards me?”

c. Generalized Other- The “self” arises out of social

interaction- We have to adopt to the attitude of

the other toward the self and to see ourselves from their perspective

2. Social Comparisons- We learn more about ourselves by

comparing ourselves to others- A referent individual or group

becomes our standard

3. Self-attribution- Individual perception

4. Self-values- What is important to an individual

would relate to one’s self-esteem

WISEMAN and BARKER Model

“creating, functioning, and evaluation of symbolic processes which operate within the originating or responding communcator” (1974)

WISEMAN and BARKER Model

Life Orientation – determines how messages are sent or received

Internal Stimuli - nerve impulses that are received by the brain

External Stimuli - come from outside of the body, from immediate or proximate environment

- two types: overt and covert

STAGES

1. Reception - can take singly in or in combination of any of the five senses

- external and internal receptors

2. Discrimination - “determines what stimuli are allowed to stimulate thought”

- screens out the less significant or weaker stimuli

3. Regrouping - strongest and most important stimuli previously selected

are arranged in a meaningful sequence

4. Ideation - messages are thought out, planned and organized

5. Incubation -“jelling or hatching period” - process of allowing ideas to

grow and develop

6. Symbol Encoding- symbols of thought are transformed into words and

gestures

7. Transmission - destination is the communicator himself

- the self-communicator’s message composed of words and gestures are transmiited via air or light waves

Feedback - perceived as response to a message coming from an external source

- self-feedback - feedback to intrapersonal communication

- external self-feedback - through airwaves

- internal self-feedback- bone conduction and muscle

DaydreamingThinkingReadingSolving ProblemsDoodlingWriting in a Diary

Examples:

WISEMAN and BARKER Model

JOHARI WINDOW how self-communication is a function of different selves

JOHARI WINDOW

IDEAL JOHARI WINDOW

Factors that Influence Our Self-Presentation

Others

“A man has as many different social selves as there are distinct groups of persons about whose opinion we care.”

-William James (1892)

ALTERCASTINGWeinstein (1967)

SITUATION OR INTERACTION

ENVIRONMENT

MOTIVATION

People in general need to be liked.

OPENNESS TO LEARN MORE ABOUT

YOURSELF

LISTEN TO OTHER’S PERCEPTION

REFLECTION AND INTROSPECTION

Self-concept formation is a dynamic, on-going thing operating in a process of

“becoming”. It is a prerequisite to intrapersonal

communication or self-communication.