introduction of imaging dept

ا�ل�ل�ه� ب�س�م�ا�ل�ر�ح�ي�م� ا�ل�ر�ح�م�ن�

Eng.Alam Dajani 00966592601260

ا�ل�ط�ب�ي ا�ل�ت�ص�و�ي�ر�MEDICAL IMAGING

ع�ب�د� ا�ل�د�ي�ن� ع�ل�م� ا�ل�م�ه�ن�د�س�ا�ل�د�ج�ا�ن�ي ا�ل�س�م�ي�ع�

[email protected]

Techniques/ Application

ANATOMY

تشريحيPHYSIOLOGY

وظيفيMETABOLISM

االيضMOLECULAR

جزيئات

االشعاعيRadiation

38%

الصوتي الفوقUltrasonic

38%

المغناطيسيMagnetic Fields 82%

النووي Nuclear 94%

الضوئي Optical 88%

MEDICAL IMAGING IMAGING FIELDS & TECHNIQUES IN

HUMAN BODY


WORK FLOW :(PATEINTS,TECHNICIAN,SERVICE..)

FLEXBILITY :(DESIGN & FUTURE PLANS) EQUIPMENT: (TECHNOLOGY,SPECIFICATIONS, INSTALLATION…)PROTECTION (SAFETY ) :

HUMAN,ENVIREMENT,EQUIPMENT.DATA FLOW & SOFTWARE:

(ACQUIRE,TRANSFER,STORE …) PACS,LAN,WAN,HL7,HIS,RIS…

DEPARTMENT DESIGN CONSEDRATIONS MEDICAL IMAGING DEPARTMENT


DI ( central)

ER

HOSP.MAIN ENTRANCEOPD

IN PAT .

LOCATION : IN THE HEART OF THE HOSPITAL DEPARTMENT DESIGN CONSEDRATIONS


FRONT ROUTINE/SHORT DURATION

BACK

COMPLEX / LONG DURATION

EQUIPMENT DISTRIBUTION DEPARTMENT DESIGN CONSEDRATIONS

OPD INPAT.

INTERVENTIONAL RAD. ANGI.O+LITHOTRIPSY MRI


DATA FLOW DEPARTMENT DESIGN CONSEDRATIONS


PRE INSTALLATIONS SCOPE : MODILITIES PROVIDORES WITH COORDINATION WITH CLEINT(PMO & CONSLTANT) & MAIN CONTRACTOR

CEILINGS : NOT USED FOR ELECTRICAL OR MECHNICALS SYSTEMS (HVAC,PLUMBING ..)

WALLES & CEILING : SOUND INSULATION esp.(MRI) CLADDING FLOORS : VINAL USING WELDING PAPERS IN THE JOINTS . DOORS : app. WIDE 240cm & THICKNESS 4.45cm . EQUIPMENT WEIGHT : HEAVY SOME OF THEM AROUND TONES SHEILDING & LEADING : SHOULD BE DEPONDS ON THE TYPE ,

STRENGTH & TECHNOLOGY USED FEAR VOBIA esp. IN MRI & CT WINGS : FIXED SCREEN IN CEILING ,

SOFT MUSIC , AMASING FINISHING ….) . WALL HEIGHT : MIN. 3 m.

GENERAL HINTS

MEDICAL IMAGING DEPARTMENT

PRE INSTALLATION CONSEDRATIONS


1.GENERAL X-RAY , MOBILE , PANORAMA , BMD & MAMOGRAPH

2.RADIOLOGY &FLOUROSCOPY (R&F)

3.ANGIOGRAPHY & IR (INTERVENTIONAL RADIOLOGY)

4.CT – Computed Tomography5. U/S - ULTRASOUND 6.MRI- Magnetic Resonance Imaging

MEDICAL IMAGING DEPARTMENT EQUIPMENT & FACILITIES


7.GAMMA CAMERA

8. SPECT ( SINGLE PHOTON EMMISION COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY)

9. PET (POSITRON EMMISION TOMOGRAPHY(Positron (+ charge) = Anti Electron)



10. PET MRI (POSITRON EMMISION TOMOGRAPHY W/ MAGENTIC RESONANCE IMAGING

11. PET CT (POSITRON EMMISION TOMOGRAPHY W/COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY)



GENERAL X-RAY


GENERAL X-RAY

1. USING & SPECIFICATIONS

For imaging the body organs, especially the chest and skull and other parts of the skeleton (fractures and injuries).

Ionized rays used in imaging operations where X is meted into force dependent on the member "of different density and the amount of permeability and absorption.

These devices are used in addition to the emergency department radiography.

For imaging very few (seconds). There are risks for some patients, especially the pregnant (the

fetus).You do not need imaging operations for special preparations

or to any other devices help.Eng.Alam Dajani 00966592601260

The device consists of: Generator is characterized by high energy of up to 80 000-watt and high-frequency ; CRT (Cathode Ray Tube) &The detector which are received after the X-ray permeability of the body of the patient.

All parts are suspended on ceiling with supports or props. Imaging by two cases : using bed ( lying down ) and standing

up using the board so that it is receiving the scan window therein. Device location needs special equipment and install the sealing

of the pillars to carry the device and ease of movement directions (X, Y, Z) and rotation (TUBE).

GENERAL X-RAY2. USING & SPECIFICATIONS


GENERAL X-RAY


ا�ال�ش�ع�ا�ع�ي� ا�ل�ت�ص�و�ي�ر� أ�ج�ه�ز�ة�GENERAL X-RAY

ENGR. ALAM DAJANI


FACILITY SPACES

MODILITY SPACES - METER SQR

STND PR.RM EQ.RM CN.RM

Radiography General (standard) 17-28 17-28 X 14

Mammography (standard) 15 X X X

GENERAL X-RAY


GENERAL X-RAY

PROTECTION

WARNING SIGNS

ON X RAY DOOR

YES FOR PERGNANT

MODILITY LEADING

WALLS DOORS CONTROL WINDOW

Radiography General YES YES YES

Mammography NO NO X


ELETRICAL NEEDS

MODILITY ELECTRICAL REQUIR.

LIGHTING POWER TYPE

Radiography General (standard) FLUORECENT 50CF & DIMMER TO 5 CF 380-3P 150A CB EMERGENCY

Mammography (standard) FLUORECENT 40CF 250-2P 30A CB EMERGENCY

GENERAL X-RAY


MECHNICAL NEEDS 1

MODILITY HVAC TEMP HUM AC AIR

CHANGE/H PRESS. EXH.

Radiography General 21-24 30-60 CENTRAL 6 POSITIVE NO

Mamograph 21-24 30-60 CENTRAL 6 POSITIVE NO

GENERAL X-RAY


MECHNICAL NEEDS 2

MODILITY PLUMBING M.GASES

WATER(C/H) DRAIN O2 VAC AIR

Radiography General √ √ √ √ √

Mammography √ √ NO NO NO

GENERAL X-RAY


RADIO &FLUOROSCOPY


USING & SPECIFICATION

RADIO &FLUOROSCOPY

For imaging the body organs, especially the gut the top and bottom, bladder and esophagus.

Imaging member while in motion and directly (real time - no recording). Directly and fixed are shed rays to be continuous imaging process. The patient is injected contrast media to show the user to be filmed or

through ingestion. Imaging for longer and at greater than normal radiographic radiation. There are risks for some patients, especially the pregnant (the fetus).

Imaging need for special operations and preparations to some assistive devices as organs injection and monitoring of vital signs.


IR & ANGIOGRAPHY


USING & SPECIFICATION

IR & ANGIOGRAPHY

These devices are used in operations Cardiac Catheterization and Angiography and some operations that need put stends or Catheters ..., where the device uses a multi-purpose format (C-ARM) with bilateral levels (both sides and axial), in addition to the fact that comics and vivid.

A key device in such operations and be one of the devices such as electronic monitoring devices and anesthesia ....

This type of operations have radiation risk and need special preparations .


R/F ,IR & ANGIOGRAPHY


FACILITIES SPACES


MODILITY SPACES - METER SQR


RADIOGRAPHIC /Fluoroscopy (R/F) 30 PATIENT TOILET W/NEGATIVE PRESSURE

ANGIO / IR /HYBRID OR 47 47 12 12


PROTECTION

WARNING SIGNS

ON X RAY DOOR

YES FOR PERGNANT


MODILITY LEADING


RADIOGRAPHIC /Fluoroscopy (R/F) (standard) YES YES YES

ANGIO / IR /HYBRID OR YES YES YES

Eng.Alam Dajani

ELECTRICAL NEEDS



LIGHTING POWER TYPE

RADIOGRAPHIC /Fluoroscopy(R/F) (standard) FLUORECENT 100CF & DIMMER 2CF 380-3P 150A CB EMERGENCY

ANGIO / IR /HYBRID OR FLUORECENT 150CF & DIMMER TO 0.7 CF 380 - 3P 150A CB EMG +UPS

All the systems used to be designed to high efficiency and low cost of consumption

Supplies the distribution unit and loads of the device by vendor and contractor in coordination with the pre-installation sub contractor .

And fixing distribution points ... and all the electrical work, all within the pipes to prevent noise of radio waves .


MECHNICAL NEEDS 1


MODILITY HVAC

TEMP HUM AC AIR CHANGE/H PRESS. EXH.

RADIOGRAPHIC /Fluoroscopy(R/F) (standard) 21-24 30-60 CENTRAL 6 NEGATIVE YES

ANGIO / IR /HYBRID OR 21-24 40-60 INDPENENT 15 POSITIVE NO


MECHNICAL NEEDS 2

MEDICALGASESO2 VAC AIR√ √ √

PLUMBINGWATER DRAIN

√ √



COMPUTERIZED TOMOGRAPHY (CT)COMPUTERIZED AXIAL

TOMOGRAPHY(CAT)


COMPUTERIZED TOMOGRAPHY (CT)

USING & SPECIFICATION 1

The use of X-ray technology ionized and then penetrate the patient's body and then detect X-piercing process by the detector in all directions.

It is taken anatomical cross-sections of the body (organ) to be filmed and then and through special programs (soft ware ) for these sections are assembled to form a three-dimensional image ( re constructions image )

CT is non invasive (means that any information is taken from the body from outside the body and not by placing a telescope or other).

The total duration of imaging almost short ( 5) minutes (duration of exposure to radiation of no more than 30 seconds.



Eng.Alam Dajani



The most widely used that accuracy and speed, especially in many cases :

1.HYDROSEPHALUS 2. INFLAMMATION & BLEEDING 3.CYSTS & TUMOERS 4.BONE INJURY 5.SKULL & SPINE 6.BRAIN PROBLEM




Injection or inhalation of substance to show some blood clearly may be used, so you must make some tests for allergies or kidney function prior to the shooting.

Painless and non-security high amount of radiation that must advance warning "and not to use it for pregnant women.


ا�ل�م�ق�ط�ع�ي� ا�ل�ت�ص�و�ي�ر� ج�ه�ا�ز�COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY (CT)

Eng.Alam Dajani


USING & SPECIFICATION 4 The Modality consists of: 1. GANTRY: which is a model of circular open from the middle (donut shape). 2. Generator and detector and be within Gantry and rotate very quickly around the body. 3. The bed and who holds the patient where the subject is inserted into the Gantry . 4. Image display devices. Image resolution depends on the amount of radiation and the

duration of the survey (test) and efficiency of the component parts of the device and the software responsible for collecting information and rebuilt.

Where it is to differentiate between models : 1. The number of slides (32, 64 128 ....) 2. Detector type 3. Gantry speed ..Eng.Alam Dajani 00966592601260


Eng.Alam Dajani

ا�ل�م�ق�ط�ع�ي� ا�ل�ت�ص�و�ي�ر� ج�ه�ا�ز�COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY (CT)

Eng.Alam Dajani


SPACES - METER SQR


STANDARD 40 40 12 14

FACILITY SPACES



Eng.Alam Dajani

PROTECTION

WARNING SIGNS

ON X RAY DOOR

YES FOR PERGNANT

LEADINGWALLS DOORS CONTROL

WINDOW

YES YES YES


Eng.Alam Dajani

ELECTRICAL NEEDS

ELECTRICAL REQUIR.LIGHTING POWER TYPE

FLUORECENT 50CF & DIMMER TO 5 CF 380-3P 150A CB EMERGENCY

The supplying of distribution unit and loads by the equipment supplier in coordination with the pre-installation contractor , fix distribution points ... and all the electrical work, all within the pipes to prevent noise of radio waves (interference )



MECHNICAL NEEDS

HVAC TEMP HUM AC AIR


21-24 30-60 CENTRAL 6 POSITIVE NO


ULTRASOUND (U/S)


ULTRASOUND (U/S)

USING & SPECIFICATIONS 1

Eng.Alam Dajani

Ultrasonography device (sonar) is a secur device of the radiation is used where the ultrasonic waves with non-ionized & reflected features.

Used in the study of the body's organs of anatomical terms (size, shape & movement).

Widely used: 1. Follow-up stages of embryo development - Obstetrics and Gynecology clinics (OBGYNE DEPT ) 2. The study of the heart and blood flow - Heart Clinics( CARDIOLOGY & VASCULAR) 3. General uses : study of the shape of kidney, liver, and in the non-surgical Lithotripsy - Imaging Division

ULTRASOUND (U/S)


ULTRASOUND (U/S)

Eng.Alam Dajani

ا�ل�ص�و�ت�ي�ة ف�و�ق� ل�أل�م�و�ا�ج� ا�ل�ت�ص�و�ي�ر� ج�ه�ا�ز�ULTRASOUND (U/S)

Eng.Alam Dajani

Eng.Alam Dajani

ULTRASOUND (U/S)


Eng.Alam Dajani

The wave Band device uses ultrasound frequencies ranging from (1 MHz – up to 12 MHz) ;Sound band width is (4-20 kHz) human can hear.

The sound Speed inside the body is 1540 m / secThese waves are issued through the quartz crystal and which Pizo electric

(pressure to generate an electric current produces waves and vice versa in the reception stage.

The probe is a transmitter and receiver, as the outgoing waves are reflected from both parts of the body, "according to the depth (distance) and intensity (power) signal.

Reflected waves are processed in the electronic circuits and display.It is to be the image on the three forms (two-dimensional, three-dimensional

and four dimensions).Device gives continuous waves feature (continuous survey).

ULTRASOUND (U/S)


A device (the main unit , probes , displays , recording devices and printers normal injection or laser)

Wave (Arrays) Types: - LINEAR ARRAY - CURVED ARRAY - PHASED ARRAY


ULTRASOUND (U/S)


ULTRASOUND (U/S)

FACILITY SPACES

SPACES - METER SQR


STANDARD 16 PATIENT TOILET W/NEGATIVE PRESSURE


ULTRASOUND (U/S)

PROTECTION

LEADING


NO NO X


ULTRASOUND (U/S)

ELECTRICAL NEEDS

ELECTRICAL REQUIR.

LIGHTING POWER TYPE

FLUORECENT 40CF 250-2P 30A CB EMERGENCY


ULTRASOUND (U/S)

MECHNICAL NEEDS 1

HVAC

TEMP HUM AC AIR CHANGE/H PRESS. EXH.

21-24 30-60 CENTRAL 8 POSITIVE NO


ULTRASOUND (U/S)

MECHNICAL NEEDS 2

M.GASESO2 VAC AIR

√ √ √ PLUMBING

WATER(C/H) DRAIN

√ √


MRI MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING



Eng.Alam Dajani


Depends on the presence (mount) of hydrogen ions are the most prevalent in the body.

The magnetic field (fixed and variable) is used in the imaging process. (0.7, 3 , 9 , ..Tesla) ... greater than the magnetic field of the earth (of 8000 - 30000) ; (1 Tesla = 10,000 Gauss) ; Its magnitude at the Earth's surface ranges from 25 to 65 microteslas (0.25 to 0.65 gauss)..

Doughnuts shape (round cake open from center) , weight and size of the senior.

Two types of form modality : open and close system. It requires constant cooling, and uses liquid helium in (temperature 269 C

below zero) to the presence of (SUPER CONDUCTOR)The design of the device in a manner so as to minimize the effect of the

magnetic field by using (ACTIVE SHIELD)



Safe for the patient and the user where there is no radiation, especially (for pregnant women and children).

Procedure Time : per case is (30-45 minutes).Sometimes the patient needs (anesthesia) and a contrast media

(intravenous).It used in imaging the brain and soft tissues and ligaments and spine.Painless and harmless.Three-dimensional (with three views) ; SAGITTAL (R / L), CORONAL (F / B),

TRANSVERSE (U / D)It needs some of the accessories (for patient) to care , such as pictures

(screen) and sounds, etc. The possible use of glasses, headsets because the device also issues noise.




MR suit is a four protection zones: 1.No restricted,2. restricted , 3. High restricted ; all equal to or outside the five Gauss line And 4. Ultra restricted ( 5 Gauss line ; 1 Gauss = 0.1 m Tesla ).

The using Radio frequencies .. so it must be protected with RF shielding and be a device far from the noise sources as lifts or broadcast and other communications devices.

The presence of liquid helium in the cooling process requires the presence of the exits of helium gas (ports outside the hospital building) in cases of liquid heating and that may lead to a severe explosion condition they do not exist (turning the liquid into a gas) ( 1 liter liquid turn into a 700-liter gas). Scientifically called QUENCH process




All medical and non-medical furniture of the MR suit (ultra restricted area ) , such as syringes , vital signs and a blood pressure monitors ,and tables must not be of ferrous metals, all of which must be comply w /resonance device call : MRI COMPATABLE furniture .

All pipes , accessories, building materials .. must be NON FERRO MAG.

All devices used must not be issued radio interference (RF INTERFERNCES).



Eng.Alam Dajani

FACILITY SPACES

SPACES - METER SQR


STANDARD 30-58 30-58 14-35 9



PROTECTION

RF SHEILDING

WALLS DOORS

YES YES

LEADING

WALLS DOORS

NO NO

FERROMAGNETIC DETECTOR

ON MRI DOOR

YES RESTRICETED ACCESS



ELECTRICAL NEEDS

ELECTRICAL REQUIR.

LIGHTING POWER TYPE

INDIRECT 380 - 3P UPS

Eng.Alam Dajani


The supplying of distribution unit and loads by the equipment supplier in coordination with the pre-installation contractor , fix distribution points ... and all the electrical work, all within the pipes to prevent noise of radio waves (interference )


MECHNICAL NEEDS 1

MEDICALGASESO2 VAC AIR√ √ √

PLUMBINGWATER DRAIN

√ √



MECHNICAL NEEDS 2

HVAC TEMP HUM AC AIR


21-24 C 40-60 INDPENENT 12 POSITIVE

NO EMER. CAS



Eng.Alam Dajani


NMNUCLEAR MEDICINE

The use of radioisotopes in the medical field in two forms: 1. Therapeutic: the treatment of tumors by extrusion of the tumor by radiation of the isotopes (high activity )2. Diagnostic: imaging member while performing his job by infusion or swallowed or inhaled radioactive isotopes after configured for human use and be (by medium and low activity )

INTRODUCTION


IMAGING BY USING ISOTOPES

Here and after injection or swallowing or inhalation of radioactive materials by patient, the body becomes the source of radiation; these rays resulting from the decay of radioactive isotope.The advantage of that so that the safe of this radioactive isotope out of the body with time .Radioactive isotope modality is divided into two parts, according to reactivity, namely: 1. PET : high activity isotopes ( Positron emission tomography) 2. GAMMA and SPECT : low activity isotopes .

NMNUCLEAR MEDICINE


RADIOISOTOPES MODALITY APPLICATION

I125 & I131 THYROIDE UPTAKE SYSTEM

It calculates the amount of thyroid

hormone (Thyroxin) absorption

Xe133 GAMMA CAMERA /SPECT A radiation survey of the work of the lungs

Tc99 GAMMA CAMERA /SPECT Liver ,spleen and brain

FDG Flouro. Dioxide Glucose PET TUMERS

ISOTOPES & NUCLIDES

NMNUCLEAR MEDICINE


NMNUCLEAR MEDICINE

1 .ISOTOPES PRODUCTION STAGE

2 .NUCLEAR IMAGING STAGE

3. WASTE & DISPOSABLES MANAGEMENT

USING ISOTOPES IN MEDICAL IMAGING


NMNUCLEAR MEDICINE

1 .ISOTOPES PRODUCTION STAGE

Cyclotron Hot LabChemical Lab Quality Control Lab


PET CENTER

NMNUCLEAR MEDICINE


NMNUCLEAR MEDICINE

2 .NUCLEAR IMAGING STAGE

Hot Lab Modification Room Imaging modalities


HOT LAB DWG

NMNUCLEAR MEDICINE


NMNUCLEAR MEDICINE

3. WASTE & DISPOSABLES MANAGEMENT Radioactive waste decontamination

Eng.Alam Dajani

Storage unit for radioactive decay

Biological sewage purification unit

Data command-control-acquisition-analysis-

archiving unit

MODILITY HEIGHT

min.

SPACES - METER SQR

STND

Injection Room 2.4 m 12

Hot lab 2.4 m 15

SPACES

NMNUCLEAR MEDICINE


MODILITY TECHNIQUESLEADING


Injection Room

NUCLEAR UTILITIES

0.18 YES 0.635

Hot lab 0.18 YES 0.635

PROTECTION

NMNUCLEAR MEDICINE


ELECTRICAL NEEDS


LIGHTING PWR TYPE

Injection Room 220V,1P-60A X

Hot lab 220V,1P-60A X

NMNUCLEAR MEDICINE


MECHNICAL NEEDS 1

NMNUCLEAR MEDICINE

MODILITY

HVAC

TEMP HUM % ACAIR

CHANGE/H

PRESS. EXH.

Injection Room 21-24 C 45-80 Y 6 NEG. NO

Hot lab 21-24 C 45-80 Y 6 NEG. YES


MECHNICAL NEEDS 2

NMNUCLEAR MEDICINE

MODILITY

PLUMBING M.GASES


Injection Room √ √ X X X

Hot lab √ √ X X X


Thyroid Uptake System

NMNUCLEAR MEDICINE


GAMMA CAMERA

NMNUCLEAR MEDICINE


PET SCANNER

NMNUCLEAR MEDICINE


NMNUCLEAR MEDICINE

PET/CT Hybrid modality


NMNUCLEAR MEDICINE

PET /MRI = mMR Multi modalities Integrated


PET /MRI = mMR Multi modalitiesTandem

Eng.Alam Dajani

NMNUCLEAR MEDICINE

MODILITY HEIGHT

min.SPACES - METER SQR


SPECT 3 m 37 37 x x

SPECT-CT 3 m 42 38 11.6 14

PET 3 m 37 37 x 14PET-MRI 3 m 50 44 11.6 14PET-CT 3 m 42 42 x x

PEM (Positron Emission Mammography) 3 m 14 38 11.6 14

FACILITY SPACES & HEIGHT


NMNUCLEAR MEDICINE


PWR TYPE

SPECT 480V,3P-100A UPSSPECT-CT 480V,3P-150A UPS

PET 480V,3P-100A UPS

PET-MRI 480V,3P-150A UPSPET-CT 480V,3P-150A UPS

PEM (Positron Emission Mammography) 480V,3P-100A X

ELECTRICAL NEEDS


NMNUCLEAR MEDICINE

MODILITY SHEILDING & LEADING


SPECT 0.18 YES 0.635

SPECT-CT YES YES YES

PET YES YES YES

PET-MRI YES YES YES

PET-CT YES YES YES

PEM (Positron Emission Mammography) YES YES YES

PROTECTION


NMNUCLEAR MEDICINE

MODILITY

HVAC

TEMP HUM % AC AIR CHANGE/H PRESS. EXH.

SPECT 21-24 C 45-80 Y 6 NEG. YES

SPECT-CT 21-24 C 45-80 Y 6 NEG. YES

PET 21-24 C 45-80 Y 6 NEG. YES

PET-MRI 21-24 C 45-80 Y 6 NEG. YES

PET-CT 21-24 C 45-80 Y 6 NEG. YES

PEM(Positron Emission Mammography) 21-24 C 45-80 Y 6 NEG. YES

MECHNICAL NEEDS 1


NMNUCLEAR MEDICINE

MODILITY PLUMBING M.GASES


SPECT √ √ √ √ √SPECT-CT √ √ √ √ √

PET √ √ √ √ √PET-MRI √ √ √ √ √PET-CT √ √ √ √ √

PEM (Positron Emission Mammography) X X X X X

MECHNICAL NEEDS 2


SHEILDING & LEADING EQUATION


GMP (GOOD MANFAC. PRACT.

MANUFACTURERES PRODUCTS 1 SIEMENS MRI , CT ,US, G-X RAY2 GE MRI , CT ,US, G-X RAY3 PHILIPS MRI , CT ,US, G-X RAY4 TOSHIBA MRI , CT ,US, G-X RAY5 HITACHI CT ,US, G-X RAY6 AGFA CT ,US, G-X RAY7 HOLOGIC BMD,MAMMAOGRAPH,X RAY8 VARIAN MRI


• GMP – Good Manufacturing Practices• FGI- Facility Guide Line Institute • AIA-American Institute of Architecture• NCRP- National committee Radiology protection• ANSI- Amer. National Standard Institute.• ECRI - Emergency Care Research Institute. • AAMI- Association for Advanced of Medical

Instrumentat ion

• UHS- Universal Hospital Service

REFERNCES & INTER. STANDARD


السميع عبد الدين علم المهندسالدجاني

[email protected]

جزيال“ ” شكرا00966592601260

introduction of imaging dept

Healthcare