introduction to the iec 61850 electrical utility communication
TRANSCRIPT
© 2012 ABB Switzerland Ltd, Corporate Research, ABBCH-RDProject C2-012/12 HK
Introduction to the IEC 61850electrical utility communication standard
Prof. Dr. Hubert Kirrmann
ABBCH-RD
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2Introduction toIEC 61850 Executive summary
IEC 61850 is a collection of international standards defining:
-how to describe the devices in an electrical substation and -how to exchange the information about these devices
- at configuration time and - at run-time.
It simplifies considerably engineering and testing, savings several Mio € per year.
It is the base for all developments in substation automation.
Main products: definition of modelengineering toolsobject
IEC 61850 was developed by the IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission, Geneva) by a group of manufacturers (ABB, Alstom, Schneider, SEL, Siemens, Toshiba,..) and electrical utilities (Electricité de France, Iberdrola, Hydro-Quebec,…)
IEC 61850 represents hundreds of person-years of work since 1997, one of the largest and most successful standardization group ever (comparable to IEEE 802.3).
keep on reading even if you are an executive…
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3Introduction toIEC 61850 Contents
1. Introduction: substation elements
2. Description of the electrical topology
3. Protection, Control and Measurement devices
4. Logical Devices and Logical Nodes
5. Data communication topology
6. Communication Protocols
7. Substation Description Language and Tools
8. Conclusion
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4Introduction toIEC 61850 Swiss power grid: substations and transmission lines
substations are the nodes of the electricity network, connecting power plants, different voltage levels, different frequencies and large loads
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5Introduction toIEC 61850 Air-isolated substation (AIS)
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6Introduction toIEC 61850 Air isolated high voltage elements
circuit breaker (3 phases)(can break short-circuit current)
current measurementtransformers
power transformersdisconnector (3 phases)(can’t be switched under load)
http://www.abb.com/product/us/9AAC30300082.aspx
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7Introduction toIEC 61850 Gas-isolated substation (GIS)
Circuit BreakerQ0_L1/XCBR
Gas density mon.Q0_L1/SIMG Primary technology
Secondary technology
ControlQ0/CSWIQ8/CSWIQ9/CSWI
Bay-HMIIHMI
Distance Protection
PDIS
IsolatorQ9_L1/XSWI
Gas density mon.Q9_L1/SIMG
Earthing SwitchQ8_L1/XSWI
Gas density mon.Q8_L1/SIMG
GIS are used in urban regions where place is scarce, or in open air where conditions are harsh
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8Introduction toIEC 61850 Indoor substations (medium voltage)
Gas Isolated high voltage medium voltage
Connect towns and large industries to the grid
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9Introduction toIEC 61850 Your substation at home
The switchboard in a home is a miniature substation:
- distribution of electricity (to the different rooms),
- control (switch on/off) and
- protection (fuses).switch and protect
kitchenbathliving room
transformer
cellarparents
children
earthfault
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10Introduction toIEC 61850 Substation elements
Station (Unterwerk, Sous-station, subestación)Node in the power network
built in a switchyard (Schaltfeld, campo)
consists of :Bus bar
(interconnects all elements)Bay
for each incoming / outcoming line (“feeder”) baytransformer baygenerator bayconnection between bus bars
equipment is divided into:Primary equipment (switchyard hardware)
• breaker• transformer
Secondary equipment (electronics)control, monitoring and protection devices
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11Introduction toIEC 61850 Electrical circuit (Single Line Diagram = SLD)
baydépart
Abgangbahia
bay bay
G
bus bar(jeux de barres,Sammelschiene,barras)
disconnector(interrupteurs,Trenner, seccionador)cannot be switched under power
circuit breaker(disjoncteur,Leistungsschalter, interruptor)can switch fault current
transformer(transformateur,
Trafo, transformador)
generator(generateur,Generator, generador)
three phases
feeder
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12Introduction toIEC 61850 Primary and secondary elements
=AD17 -KB2Steuerung / SchutzFällanden
Feldsteuergerät REC216 mit Messung und Synchrocheck
LEITUNGSHAUPTSCHUTZ REL316*4 PRÜFSTECKER
I
0
SCHUTZ EIN/AUS
I
0
WE-BLOCK
I
0
STUFENVERL.
Reset
AUS
SAMMELSCHIENENSCHUTZ REB500 RESERVESCHUTZ
SCHUTZ EIN/AUSAUS
220VDC SPANNUNG SYS 1 220VDC SPANNUNG SYS 2
SYNCHRONISIERUNG HAND
VERRIEGELUNG
2 x 220/24V DC/DC SPANNUNGSVERSORGUNG
-X1
Control/Protection Cubicles
Interbaybus
Star couplerABB Power Automation AG RER111
500SCM
01
Rx3
Tx3
Rx2
Tx2
Rx1
Tx1
500SCM
01
Rx3
Tx3
Rx2
Tx2
Rx1
Tx1
500SCM
01
Rx3
Tx3
Rx2
Tx2
Rx1
Tx1
500SCM
01
Rx3
Tx3
Rx2
Tx2
Rx1
Tx1
500SCM
Rx3
Tx3
Rx2
Tx2
Rx1
Tx1
Network control centre
ABB Power Automation AG COM581
C
CommunicationConverter
d g t a l
-Q9
-Q2
motors
HV Line bay
CT
VT
=AD17 -KB2Steuerung / SchutzFällanden
Feldsteuergerät REC216 mit Messung und Synchrocheck
LEITUNGSHAUPTSCHUTZ REL316*4 PRÜFSTECKER
I
0
SCHUTZ EIN/AUS
I
0
WE-BLOCK
I
0
STUFENVERL.
Reset
AUS
=AD17 -KB2Steuerung / SchutzFällanden =AD17 -KB2Steuerung / SchutzFällanden
Control/Protection Cubicles=AD17 -KB2Steuerung / Schutz
Fällanden =AD17 -KB2Steuerung / SchutzFällanden
-Q1
-Q0
-Q8
Pro
cess
Inte
rface
circuit breakers
switches
bus bars
primary secondary
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13Introduction toIEC 61850 Contents
1. Introduction: substation elements
2. Description of the electrical topology
3. Protection, Control and Measurement devices
4. Logical Devices and Logical Nodes
5. Data communication topology
6. Communication Protocols
7. Substation Description Language and Tools
8. Conclusion
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14Introduction toIEC 61850 IEC 61346: Naming of substation elements
bay 3
bay 1 bay 4 bay 5
=W2
=E1
M
=QC1
M
=QC2
=Q3
-QA1M
=QB12
M
=QC11
=Q4
=QA1
M
=QC2
M
=QC1
=W1
=BI1
=BU1
=Q5
=QA1M
=QC1
M
=QB9
M
=QC9
=BI1
=BU1
=Q1
=QA1
M
=QC2
M
=QC1
=BI1
=BU1
=QB1M
=T1 =T1
=BU2
=BU1
=BI1
=QB2M
=QB1M
=QB2M
=QB1M
=QB2M
=QB1M
=QB2M
M
=QC2
=Q2
=QA1M
=QC1
M
=QB9
M
=QC9
=BI1
=BU1
=QB1M
=QB2M
M
=QC2
bay 2
E1.W1.Q2.QA1
The IEC 61346 standard defines how substation elements should be named. (Customers may define their own names, e.g. Q1 is “City_Broadway”)
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15Introduction toIEC 61850 Primary technology in the switchyard (Air Isolated)
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16Introduction toIEC 61850 Substation Configuration Language: Single Line Diagram
<?xml version="1.0"?><SCL xmlns:sxy="http://www.iec.ch/61850/sclcoordinates001" xmlns="http://www.iec.ch/61850/2003/SCL"><Header id="svc" toolID="SSI-Tool" nameStructure="IEDName" /><Substation name="AA1" desc="Substation"><VoltageLevel name="A1" desc="Voltage Level"><Bay name="A01" desc="Bay" sxy:dir="horizontal"><LNode iedName="AA1TH1" ldInst="LD0" lnClass="LPHD" lnInst="1" /><LNode iedName="AA1TH1" ldInst="LD0" lnClass="ITCI" lnInst="1" /><LNode iedName="AA1TH1" ldInst="LD0" lnClass="LLN0" lnInst="" />
</Bay></VoltageLevel><VoltageLevel name="C1" desc="Voltage Level"><Voltage multiplier="k" unit="V">380</Voltage>
</VoltageLevel><VoltageLevel name="H1" desc="Voltage Level"><Voltage multiplier="k" unit="V">33</Voltage><Bay name="Q03" desc="Trafo LV" sxy:x="54" sxy:y="33" sxy:dir="vertical"><ConductingEquipment name="QA1" desc="Circuit Breaker" type="CBR" sxy:x="7" sxy:y="8" sxy:dir="vertical"><Terminal connectivityNode="AA1/H1/Q03/N1" substationName="AA1" voltageLevelName="H1" bayName="Q03" cNodeName="N1" /><Terminal connectivityNode="AA1/H1/Q03/N5" substationName="AA1" voltageLevelName="H1" bayName="Q03" cNodeName="N5" />
</ConductingEquipment><ConductingEquipment name="BU1" desc="Voltage Transformer 2 Sec. 3 Phase" type="VTR" sxy:x="4" sxy:y="24"><Terminal connectivityNode="AA1/H1/Q03/N6" substationName="AA1" voltageLevelName="H1" bayName="Q03" cNodeName="N6" />
</ConductingEquipment><ConductingEquipment name="TrafoLV" desc="Line In/Out" type="IFL" sxy:x="7" sxy:y="26" sxy:dir="vertical"><Terminal connectivityNode="AA1/H1/Q03/N6" substationName="AA1" voltageLevelName="H1" bayName="Q03" cNodeName="N6" />
</ConductingEquipment><ConductingEquipment name="BI1.2" desc="Current Transformer" type="CTR" sxy:x="7" sxy:y="12" sxy:dir="vertical"><Terminal connectivityNode="AA1/H1/Q03/N3" substationName="AA1" voltageLevelName="H1" bayName="Q03" cNodeName="N3" /><Terminal connectivityNode="AA1/H1/Q03/N4" substationName="AA1" voltageLevelName="H1" bayName="Q03" cNodeName="N4" />
</ConductingEquipment>
IEC 61850-6 specifies how to describe a substation’s Single Line Diagram, and how toreproduce it on a screen exactly in the correct topology. It allows to describe any substation, independent from the manufacturer in simple XML.
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17Introduction toIEC 61850 Contents
1. Introduction: substation elements
2. Description of the electrical topology
3. Protection, Control and Measurement devices
4. Logical Devices and Logical Nodes
5. Data communication topology
6. Communication Protocols
7. Substation Description Language and Tools
8. Conclusion
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18Introduction toIEC 61850 Protection, Measurement and Control devices
bay 1
=Q1
=QA1
M
=QC2
M
=QC1
=BI1
=BU1
=QB1M
=T1
=QB2M
=Q2
=QA1M
=QC1
M
=QB9
M
=QC9
=BI1
=BU1
=QB1M
=QB2M
M
=QC2
bay 2
=Q2
=QA1M
=QC1
=BI1
=BU1
=QB1M
=QB2M
M
=QC2
bay 2
G
bus bar H1
back-up bay protection and
control
transformerprotection
bus-barprotection
generatorprotection
Each object is protected by its own protection & control device
IED = Intelligent Electronic Device
bus bar H2
measurement
bay protection and control
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19Introduction toIEC 61850 IEC 61850- based product family
Price
Distribution Transmission
RE_ 670
RE_ 615
RE_ 650
RE_ 630
RE_ 60_
voltage / power level
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20Introduction toIEC 61850 Example of protection function: time-overcurrent
current [kA]
duration before trip [ms]
The protection function is adjusted with a set of parameters that are tunedfor a specific substation and bay, called a setting.
Protection function have usually different settings, that are used depending on the situation.
nominal current
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21Introduction toIEC 61850 Internals of an IED
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22Introduction toIEC 61850 Signal flow in an IED
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23Introduction toIEC 61850 Contents
1. Introduction: substation elements
2. Description of the electrical topology
3. Protection, Control and Measurement devices
4. Logical Devices and Logical Nodes
5. Data communication topology
6. Communication Protocols
7. Substation Description Language and Tools
8. Conclusion
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24Introduction toIEC 61850
Logical Device Q0_L3/
Logical device
Each physical device (called an IED) can perform functions that was formerly performed by different protection or control devices.
Those former devices are represented by Logical Devices within the physical device.
circuit breaker control and protection
Physical DevicePISA_Q0_L3
Logical Device B_L3/buss bar controland protection
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25Introduction toIEC 61850 Logical Nodes
IEC 61850 describes each function within a substation equipment (transformer, circuit breaker, protection function...) by a logical node (LN).
Q0
T2
T1
City X
IED1
IED2
LAN
CSWI
PIOC
MMTR
MMXU
IARC
XCBR
TCTR
: TVTR
circuit breaker
current measuretransformer
voltage measuringtransformer measuring unit
protection againstover current
control of switch
human interfaceIHMI
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26Introduction toIEC 61850 Logical Nodes Groups
IEC 61850-7-4 standardizes 91 Logical Nodes divided into 13 Logical GroupsThe first letter of the Logical Node identifies the group.
Logical Group Name Number of Logical NodesL System LN 2P Protection 28R Protection related 10C Control 5G Generic 3I Interfacing and archiving 4A Automatic control 4M Metering and measurement 8S Sensor and monitoring 4X Switchgear 2T Instrument transformers 2Y Power transformers 4Z Further power system equipment 15
W WindO SolarH HydroN Power plantB BatteriesF Fuel Cells
reserved for companion standards
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27Introduction toIEC 61850 Logical Nodes: switchgear
LNname Function
XCBR Circuit breaker a high-power switch capable of switching off or on under full load current(Schalter, Interrupteur)
XSWI Circuit switch a switching device capable of electrically isolating a line, but which may only be operated when essentially no current is flowing
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28Introduction toIEC 61850 Data: Circuit Breaker
Mod Mode INC MBeh Behavior INS MHealth Health INS MNamePlt Name Plate LPLLoc Local operation, not remote SPSEEHealth External equipment health INSEEName External equipment name plate DPLNamPlt Name Plate LPLOpCnt Operation counter INS M
Data ObjectBasic LN
Pos Switch position DPC MBlkOpn Block opening SPC MBlkCls Block closing SPC MChaMotEna Charger motor enable SPC
Controls
CBOpCap Circuit breaker operating capability INS MPOWCap Point on wave switching capability INSMaxOpCap Operating capability when fully charged INS
StatusSumSwARs Sum of switched amperes, resetable BCR
Measures
Explanation Class MandatoryXCBR
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29Introduction toIEC 61850 Attributes: position
stVal BOOLEANq Qualityt TimeStamp
subEna BOOLEANsubVal BOOLEANsubQ QualitysubID Visible String64
d Visible String255
Each attribute of a DATA consists of a number of Data Attributes, with a Data Attribute Type (DAType) that belong to Functional Constraints (FC)
Attribute Type
Status (ST)
Description (DC)
Common data attribute type
Substitution (SV)
Attribute Name
only needed when substitution is possible
Functional ConstraintDATA “Pos”
Basic Type
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30Introduction toIEC 61850 Logical nodes of the P-group (protection)
LNname IEEE protection function(s) name Protection FunctionPDIF 87,87P,87L,87N,87T,87B, 87M, 87G DifferentialPDIR 87B Direction comparisonPDIS 21 Distance protectionPDOP 32 Directional OverpowerPDUP 32,37,40 Directional UnderpowerPFRC 81 Rate of change of frequencyPHAR 87T Harmonic restraintPHIZ 64 Ground detectorPIOC 50 Instantaneous overcurrentPMRI 49R,66,48,51LR Motor restart inhibitionPMSS Motor starting supervisionPOPF 55 Over power factorPPAM Phase angle measuringPSCH 21,85 Protection schemePSDE Sensitive directional earth faultPTEF Transient earth faultPTOC 46,51,60,64R,64S,64W,67,67N,76 Time overcurrentPTOF 81 OverfrequencyPTOV 47,59,59DC,60 OvervoltagePTRCPTTR 49,49R,49S Thermal overloadPTUC 37 UndercurrentPTUV 27 UndervoltagePTUF UnderfrequencyPUPF 55 Under power factorPVOC 51V Voltage controlled time overcurrentPVPH 24 Volt per HertzPZSU 14 Zero speed or underspeed
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31Introduction toIEC 61850 Substation Configuration Language: Equipment
<LN inst="1" lnClass="XCBR" lnType="IED670@IEC61850@@@ABBIED670_REV1_SXCBR@1" prefix="S"><Private type="ABB_FunctionRefs">476621a8-3f95-4a19-9b63-31171ddd62f9</Private><DOI name="Mod" desc="Mode"><DAI name="stVal" sAddr="/INC/ST/Enum/+/dchg/Mod/App1.SWITCH_D.1.THIS.0.ModSt,152,29" /><DAI name="q" sAddr="/INC/ST/Quality/+/qchg/+/App1.SWITCH_D.1.THIS.0.ModSt,152,100" /><DAI name="t" sAddr="/INC/ST/Timestamp/+/none/+/App1.SWITCH_D.1.THIS.0.ModSt,152,32" /><DAI name="ctlModel" sAddr="/INC/CF/Enum/+/none/ctlModel/-1,-1,-1" valKind="RO" /><DAI name="d" sAddr="/INC/DC/VisString255/+/none/+/-1,-1,-1" valKind="RO" />
</DOI><DOI name="Health"><DAI name="stVal" sAddr="/INS/ST/Enum/+/dchg/Health/-1,-1,-1" /><DAI name="q" sAddr="/INS/ST/Quality/+/qchg/+/-1,-1,-1" /><DAI name="t" sAddr="/INS/ST/Timestamp/+/none/+/-1,-1,-1" /><DAI name="d" sAddr="/INS/DC/VisString255/+/none/+/-1,-1,-1" valKind="RO" />
</DOI><DOI name="NamPlt"><DAI name="vendor" sAddr="/LPL/DC/VisString255/+/none/+/-1,-1,-1" valKind="RO" /><DAI name="swRev" sAddr="/LPL/DC/VisString255/+/none/+/-1,-1,-1" valKind="RO" /><DAI name="d" sAddr="/LPL/DC/VisString255/+/none/+/-1,-1,-1" valKind="RO" /><DAI name="configRev" sAddr="/LPL/DC/VisString255/+/none/+/-1,-1,-1" valKind="RO" />
</DOI><DOI name="Loc" desc="Local operation (local means without substation automation communication, hardwired direct control)"><DAI name="stVal" sAddr="/SPS/ST/BOOLEAN/+/dchg/+/App1.SWITCH_D.1.OUT.20.Value,140,13" /><DAI name="q" sAddr="/SPS/ST/Quality/+/qchg/+/App1.SWITCH_D.1.OUT.20.Value,140,100" /><DAI name="t" sAddr="/SPS/ST/Timestamp/+/none/+/App1.SWITCH_D.1.OUT.20.Value,140,32" /><DAI name="d" sAddr="/SPS/DC/VisString255/+/none/+/-1,-1,-1" valKind="RO" />
</DOI><DOI name="OpCnt" desc="Operation counter"><DAI name="stVal" sAddr="/INS/ST/INT32/+/dchg/+/App1.SWITCH_D.1.OUT.8.Value,33,30" /><DAI name="q" sAddr="/INS/ST/Quality/+/qchg/+/App1.SWITCH_D.1.OUT.8.Value,33,100" /><DAI name="t" sAddr="/INS/ST/Timestamp/+/none/+/App1.SWITCH_D.1.OUT.8.Value,33,32" /><DAI name="d" sAddr="/INS/DC/VisString255/+/none/+/-1,-1,-1" valKind="RO" />
</DOI><DOI name="Pos" desc="Switch position"><DAI name="stVal" sAddr="/DPC/ST/Dbpos/+/dchg/+/App1.SWITCH_D.1.OUT.21.Value,141,12" /><DAI name="q" sAddr="/DPC/ST/Quality/+/qchg/+/App1.SWITCH_D.1.OUT.21.Value,141,100" /><DAI name="t" sAddr="/DPC/ST/Timestamp/+/none/+/App1.SWITCH_D.1.OUT.21.Value,141,32" /><DAI name="subEna" sAddr="/DPC/SV/BOOLEAN/+/none/+/App1.SWITCH_D.1.SUB.0.Enable,-1,-1" /><DAI name="subVal" sAddr="/DPC/SV/Dbpos/+/none/+/App1.SWITCH_D.1.SUB.0.Value,-1,-1" /><DAI name="subQ" sAddr="/DPC/SV/Quality/+/none/+/-1,-1,-1" /><DAI name="subID" sAddr="/DPC/SV/VisString64/+/none/+/-1,-1,-1" /><DAI name="ctlModel" sAddr="/DPC/CF/Enum/+/none/ctlModel/-1,-1,-1" valKind="RO" /><DAI name="d" sAddr="/DPC/DC/VisString255/+/none/+/-1,-1,-1" valKind="RO" />
</DOI><DOI name="BlkOpn" desc="Block opening">
name of the circuit breaker
health state
name plate
local/remote operation
number of switching opertions
current breaker position
valuequalitytime stampsubstituted valuedescription
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32Introduction toIEC 61850 Contents
1. Introduction: substation elements
2. Description of the electrical topology
3. Protection, Control and Measurement devices
4. Logical Devices and Logical Nodes
5. Data communication topology
6. Communication Protocols
7. Substation Description Language and Tools
8. Conclusion
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33Introduction toIEC 61850
bay 02bay 01
Gateway
NetworkControl
Logprinter
station bus
GPSclock
SCADA
bay 12bay 11
IED
IED
IED
IED
IED
IED
IED
IED
IED
IED
IED
IED
IED
IED
IED
IED
IED
IED
bay 01 bay 02 bay 03 bay 04
bay 03 bay 04 bay 11 bay 12
01
electrical topology:Single Line Diagram
data networktopology
Data and electrical topologies
switch
the structure of the network reflects the structure of the substation
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34Introduction toIEC 61850
SCADA level clockSCADAHMI gateway
firewall
network control
SCADA
bay level 9-2
SV
Pro
cess
bus
SCADAHMI
Engineering
IED
IED
IED
PIA PIB
IED
IED
IED
IED
IED
IED
IED
IED
IED
IED
IED
IED
Station Bus
verti
cal t
raffi
c
(MM
S)
baybaybay
(9-2 SV)
primary technology
baybay
8-1
GO
OS
E
Station Bus and Process Bus
process inputanalogue
processinterfacebinary direct wiring
horizontal traffic (8-1 GOOSE)
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35Introduction toIEC 61850
remotecontrol
networkcontrol centre
IEC 61850 station bus ring topology (preferred, other exist)
switch S
IED
bay 1
loggerprinter
station bus (ring) = Ethernet
IED
IEC
bay 2
IED
IED
bay N
operatorworkplace
. . .
the structure of the network reflects the structure of the substation
IED IEDIED
IED
GPStime
100Tx(copper)links
switch 1 switch 2
100Fx(fibre) links
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36Introduction toIEC 61850
Printer Server 1
Alarm andEvent Printer 1LA36W
Fibre optic station bus (LON) in star configuration
4 x Star CouplerRER111 includingredundantpower supply
GPSMaster
SAS5
70 Ad
vanc
edSu
bstat
ion A
utoma
tion S
ystem
Operator 's Workstation 2Operator's Workstation 1 Global PositionSystem
Front-End StationComputer 1
Front-End StationComputer 2
Alarm andEvent Printer 2LA36W
Redundant Station LAN TCP-IP
Printer Server 2
LAN-Interfaceto LV SCMS
Engineering Workstation Disturbance RecorderEvalution Station
toCentral Station
ManualSwitch
Bay control unitREC316*4
Bay control unitREC316*4
4 x 132kV Cable Line 1 x 132kV Bus Coupler Trafo Interlocking 132kV Common Alarm
Differential protectionRET316*4
6 x 500RIO11 DI
SACO64D4 Auxiliary alarm unit
3Ph and neutral OCSPAJ140C
Bay control unit(loose delivery)
4 x 132/11kV Transformer Feeder
SPAJ110CStand byearth faultovercurrentProt.
SPAJ115CRestrictedearth faultProtection
Neutralearth faultProt.
SPAJ110C
SPAJ115CRestrictedearth faultProtection
132kV Side 11kV Side
132kV BBP / BFP
BBP/BFP Central unit
REB500
10 x BBP/BFP Bay unitREB500
Bay control unitREC316*4
Bay control unitREC316*4
AVR & Tap Control
AVR and tap controlT1 type REGSys Fault Monitoring System
Indactic I650
Coaxial cable
TelephonModem
SACO64D4 Auxiliary alarm unit
AVR and tap controlT2 type REGSys
Repeater
(loose delivery)
1 x 500RIO11 DO
ServiceModem
132kV ModemNSK
FallbackSwitch
LDCs Interface from Station Computer 2 IEC870-5-101
LDCs Interface from Station Computer 1 IEC870-5-101
AVR and tap controlT3 type REGSys
Line distance prot.REL316*4
AVR and tap controlT4 type REGSys
(loose delivery)(loose delivery)Bay control unit(loose delivery)
HP ColorLaserjet
HP Color
Laserjet
EF and OCSPAJ110C
500RIO11 , 16DI
Analog alarm unitSACO16A3
Station Alarm Unit Station Alarm Unit
SPAJ110C
SPAJ110C
Earth faultovercurrentProt.
TertiaryEarth faultProt.
Repeater
Control ProtectionAnalog alarm unitSACO16A3
FMS Fault Monitoring System
10 x 132kV
4 x 11kV
1 x spare
SACO16A3 R
SPAU140CSynchro-
check
SPAJ140CPhase andneutralovercurrentProt.
SACO16A3 R
SACO16A3 R
132kV analogInput
132kV FOXEquipment
11kV analogInput
PTUSK Scope
11kV ModemNSK
SACO64D4 Auxiliary alarm unit
Main 2
o/e
o/e
SACO64D4 Auxiliary alarm unit
Ethernet
Verbindung zu E4
FO
RS232
Pilot wire diff. prot.SOLKOR R/Rf.
B69Überstrom
Main 1
Siemens 7SD610 fürE19 Verbindung
Substation Automation Network: a real case
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37Introduction toIEC 61850 Redundant IEC 61850 network
IED
bay (ring)
IED
IED
workstation1
loggerprinter
COM
NCC
IED
bay (ring)
COM
NCC
workstation2
Mixing redundant, non-redundant, HASAR and PRP
Duo/Duplo
IED
IED
3rd party
bay (star)
IED
IED
station bus (ring)
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38Introduction toIEC 61850 Substation Configuration Language: communication
…<Communication><Subnetwork name="Line1" type="8-MMS" bitrate="100"><ConnectedAP ieDName="AA3KA3" apName="S1"><Address><P type="IP">10.41.24.135</P><P type="IP-GATEWAY"></P><P type="IP-SUBNET">255.255.255.0</P></Address><GSE ldInst="C1" cbName="Interlock" addr="01-0C-CD-01-00-01" mintime="8" maxtime="1024"></GSE></ConnectedAP><ConnectedAP ieDName="AA3KA1" apName="S1"><Address><P type="IP">10.58.125.232</P><P type="IP-GATEWAY"></P><P type="IP-SUBNET">255.255.255.0</P></Address></ConnectedAP><ConnectedAP ieDName="AA3KA4" apName="S1"><Address><P type="IP">10.41.24.136</P><P type="IP-GATEWAY"></P><P type="IP-SUBNET">255.255.255.0</P></Address><GSE ldInst="C1" cbName="Interlock" addr="01-0C-CD-01-00-01" mintime="8" maxtime="1000"></GSE>…
IEC61850-6 specifies the data network topology (with its coordinates), the devices that participate in communication, how they are connected,which are their addresses and which is the data traffic they generate.
This information allows to determine at engineering time the traffic load on the network.
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39Introduction toIEC 61850 Contents
1. Introduction: substation elements
2. Description of the electrical topology
3. Protection, Control and Measurement devices
4. Logical Devices and Logical Nodes
5. Data communication topology
6. Communication Protocols
7. Substation Description Language and Tools
8. Conclusion
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40Introduction toIEC 61850 Three types of communication in IEC 61850
SupervisoryLevel
GPSa
Back-Up
EventPrinters
SCADA
S-bus
HMITele-
control
NCC
bay
IEC 61850
bay bay
interbaybus
Station Bus
bay bay bay
GOOSE
SCADA
MM
S
IED
IED
IED
BayLevel
horizontal communication(IED to IED)IEC 61850-8
vertical communication(SCADA to IEDs)
IEC 61850-8
Sam
ple
Valu
es
sampled values(IED to IED)
IEC 61850-9-2
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41Introduction toIEC 61850 IEC 61850: Three protocols stacks
MMSclient-serverSCADA-IEDsIEC 61850-8-1
GOOSEpublisher-subscriber
IED-IEDIEC 61850-8-1
SVPI-IED
61850-9-2
Ethernet
ACSI = Application Common Interface
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42Introduction toIEC 61850 Details of the stack
MAC layer
TCP RFC 793
IP
ISO TransportRFC 1006
ISO SessionISO/IEC 8245
ACSEISO/IEC 8649:1996
MMSISO 9506-1:2003
Client/Serverservices
ACSI
PT=0800link layer
applicationapplicationapplication
SNTP
ARP802.p1 / 802.1QVLAN - priority
PT=0806 PTID=8100802.2
spanningtree
(802.1d)
x88F7 x88B8 x88BA
IEEE 1588 GOOSE SV
Hard Real-Time stack
void
Soft-Time stack
ICMP
physical layer
link redundancy entity (PRP / HSR)
Ethernet BEthernet A
redundancy
network
transport
session
presentation
1ms 1µs
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43Introduction toIEC 61850 Client-Server Protocol (MMS) – two modes
IndicationRequest
Confirmation Response
network
Indication
Request
time
MMS servernetworkMMS client
processing
distance
asynchronous event
1) Request-Response
2) Unsolicited
( IEC 61850-8-1 )
builds on unicast TCP/IPv4
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44Introduction toIEC 61850 GOOSE: event-driven real-time communication
T0 (T0) T1T1 T2 T3
event
T0 retransmission in stable conditions (no event for a long time).(T0) retransmission in stable conditions may be shortened by an event.T1 shortest retransmission time after the event.T2, T3 retransmission times until achieving the stable conditions time.
(the value of these times is an application issue)
T0 T0
Used to transmit to all other bays a state change (e.g. switch closing)
Publisher-Subscriber (Source addressed)
Uses multicast on layer 2
( IEC 61850-8-1 )
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45Introduction toIEC 61850 Communication protocols in IEC 61850
substation objects
MMSGoose
Ethernet
TCP / IP
substation objects
MMSGoose
Ethernet
TCP / IP
substation objects
MMSGoose
Ethernet
TCP / IP
application
MMSGoose
Ethernet
TCP / IP
ACSI
IEC 61850 uses different stacks for the different kinds of traffic.
IEDs
SCADA
Station Bus
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46Introduction toIEC 61850 Contents
1. Introduction: substation elements
2. Description of the electrical topology
3. Protection, Control and Measurement devices
4. Logical Devices and Logical Nodes
5. Data communication topology
6. Communication Protocols
7. Substation Description Language and Tools
8. Conclusion
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47Introduction toIEC 61850 Substation Configuration Description
Prot.IED Prot.IED Prot.IED. . .
Switch
ControlIED ControlIED ControlIEDProt.IED Prot.IED Prot.IED. . .
Switch
ControlIED ControlIED ControlIEDProt.IED Prot.IED Prot.IED. . .
Switch
ControlIED ControlIED ControlIED
. . . . .
Computer Printer
. . . . .Switch
Timeserver
1 2 11
Computer
Switch
NCC NCC
Timeserver
IntegratedEngineeringTools
SCD
data network configuration(IP addresses…)
logical devices and protection functions(overcurrent, ….)
substation topology(busbars, feeders, switches,..)
The Substation Configuration Description (SCD) file according to IEC61850 is the “DNA” of the substation, defining:
a large XMLfile(4 MB..12 MB)
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48Introduction toIEC 61850 Object Model
The IEC 61850 object model is the centerpiece of the standard.It relies on application know-how of the standards group.
The model is used for:
- system verification (“virtual maximum size substation”)
- engineering of a particular substation
- allocation of functions to devices in that substation
- configuration of the real devices (IEDs and SCADA) and real network
- testing and debugging
The object model is implemented:
-a) in the engineering tools (total substation)-b) in the SCADA (relevant parts of substation)-c) in the devices (only local functions, need-to-know)
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49Introduction toIEC 61850 Impact of the SCL on the engineering process
SCADA
physical signals
Telecontrol
COMxxx
ICD
IED
Status and Control
SCD
Substation configuration
IED configuration
physical signals
IED
physical signals
IED
CAP / PCMTools
interbay bus
The use of SCL obliges to adopt a top-down approach in engineering:
1) Single line diagram2) Bay description3) Function description4) Communication description5) IED parameters
IET Single Line Diagram
CID
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50Introduction toIEC 61850 IET: substation configuration tool
IET in used in all projects to produce the single line diagram, attach the IEDs and generate the SCD file
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51Introduction toIEC 61850 The Synthy idea: simulate devices modeled in IEC 61850
GPSa
Station Computer
/ HMI
EventPrinters
SCADA
OPC
DataBase
HMI
OPC
DB
Tele-control
RTU
1A~, 100V~110V=, 24V=
switchesand leds
bay
Omicron,XS-92
PLCs
PCMbay bay bay
LAN Analyzer
SCD
GUIGUI
script
substation objects
scriptscriptLower testers
bay bay
classic testing Synthy
Supervisory Level (SCADA)
IEC 61850 Industrial Ethernet
IntegratedEngineeringTools
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52Introduction toIEC 61850 Synthy in Factory Acceptance Test
before….
after….
Synthyreal IEDs
SCADA
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53Introduction toIEC 61850 Contents
1. Introduction: substation elements
2. Description of the electrical topology
3. Protection, Control and Measurement devices
4. Logical Devices and Logical Nodes
5. Data communication topology
6. Communication Protocols
7. Substation Description Language and Tools
8. Conclusion
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54Introduction toIEC 61850 The main features of IEC 61850
- defines interconnection of IEDs based on Ethernet / TCP-IP / MMS
- defines besides TCP/IP a Layer 2 traffic for time-critical data
-defines an object model
-defines application layer semantics for the objects
-defines a substation configuration language
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55Introduction toIEC 61850 Benefits of IEC 61850
The benefit of an IEC61850 device is not in the price of the device: it is in lower cost to use the device.
The benefit of an IEC61850 system is not in buying the system: it is in lower costs to engineer and commission the substation system.
The cost of an installed device is 7 times the value of the device !
“The flexibility provided by the IEC61850/UCA-MMS protocols has the potential for saving millions of dollars in development costs for utilities and manufacturers, since it eliminates the need for protocol converters and lengthy, complex database mapping when integrating devices from different manufacturers. Gustavo Brunello, GE, in Electricity Today, Issue 4, 2003, page 10”
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56Introduction toIEC 61850 Conclusion
IEC 61850 is the base for all future developments in substation automation
IEC 61850 is a successful standard in substations, because it put all competitors on an equal footing through the Ethernet / Internet technology.
IEC 61850 defines an application object model that is independent from the communication and ensures long-term investment.
IEC 61850 value resides in the savings in engineering and testing that it allows.
IEC 61850 paved the way for other standards, such as wind mills, hydro and the same principles could be used in any standardized plant. .
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57Introduction toIEC 61850 Outlook: Spreading to other standards
IEC 61400-25 (Wind turbines)IEC61850-90-7 (Inverters for Distributed Energy and Renewable)IEC 61850-90-5 (Synchrophasor transmission)IEC_61850-7-510 (Hydro plants)IEC_61850-7-420 (Distributed Energy and Renewable)
=> Common Information Model (CIM, IEC 61968 / IEC 61970)
The methods of IEC 61850 have been applied successfully to other domains.
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58Introduction toIEC 61850
WindTurbine (WTUR)Logical Node
TMS Turbine Availability Time
W SetPointSTPTMS Turbine Operation Time
BOOL
CTE Number of Turbine Starts
Emergency Stop
CMD
CTE Number of Turbine StopsSTP
STV Windturbine Status
AMV Total active Energy generation
Windturbine operation command
Var SetPoint
network
every conformant wind turbine must implement these objects !
Wind turbine objects
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59Introduction toIEC 61850