ireland education welcome! day1 intro with video course overview and objectives resources (freebies...
TRANSCRIPT
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Ireland
Education WELCOME!
Day1• Intro with video • Course overview and objectives • Resources (freebies & sources) Books
• Section 1
– Build better paperclip– The design process – Potato peeler (SCAMPER) – Intro to day 2
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Ireland
Education What is ‘Design and Discovery’
Project based learning for 15 year olds
• Pre-engineering modular course for TY students
• Introduction to the designed world• Engineering fundamentals• Use of design processes• Linkage to JC and LC science and physics
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Ireland
Education Background
• Designed in the US for summer camps ‘02• Curriculum localised for TY in Ireland ‘03• Pre-pilot carried out in 2 schools Jan ‘04• Evaluation conducted by Dr. Mathews, TCD• Expansion of pilot to 50 schools Sept. ’04
• Evaluation of expanded pilot 2005• National proliferation through TYCSS
Sept. ‘05
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Ireland
Education Why Design and Discovery?
• Helps students understand how much of the real world is created.
• Helps students look critically at the designed world and tap into their own capacity to create change.
• Helps students develop their understanding of important scientific concepts.
• Strengthen skills in problem solving, creativity, risk taking and decision making .
“I never teach my pupils, I only attempt to provide the conditions in which they can learn.” - Albert Einstein
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Ireland
Education Transition Year Aims
• Education for maturity with the emphasis on personal development including social awareness and increased social competence.
• The promotion of general, technical and academic skills with an emphasis on interdisciplinary and self-directed learning.
• Education through experience of adult and working life as a basis for personal development and maturity.
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Ireland
Education Training Goals
• Become familiar with Design and Discovery curriculum, and resources
• Experience the curriculum activities with hands-on learning Be fully prepared to implement in your school and know what your next steps are for success
• Develop and share strategies for implementation. Use the people resources you have while here – each other and your trainers. Web resource.
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Ireland
EducationDesign and Discovery Video
• PLAY (click to play video)
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Ireland
Education Training Format
• Walk through the curriculum• Hands-on• 2 hats
Inquiry based teaching"Tell me and I forget, show me and I remember, involve me and
I understand.“ – Anon.“I never teach my pupils, I only attempt to provide the conditions
in which they can learn.” - Albert Einstein
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Ireland
Education
Design and Discovery
Curriculum Overview
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Ireland
Education
4 5 6 7
Engineering Fundamentals
ThinkingCreatively about
Problems and Solutions
8 9 10
Making, Modeling,And Materializing
11 13
Prototyping and FinalPresentations
Activity ABuild Better Paper Clip
Activity BThe Design Process
Activity CThe Potato Peeler
Home Work
Curriculum StructureSIX SECTIONS…
1 Jump into
The Designed World
Each SESSION includes ACTIVITIES
Student Instructions
Further Reading
Student Instructions
Further Reading
Student Instructions
Further Reading
Further Reading
Student Booklet
…with 13 Sessions
(13 x 3 periods)
1
Understanding the Design Process
2 3 12
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Ireland
Education Curriculum StructureSection 1: Understanding the Design Process
1. Jump Into The Designed World
Section 2: Engineering Fundamentals2. Material Science3. Electronic Engineering I4. Electronic Engineering II5. Making Machines and Observing Functionality
Section 3: Thinking Creatively about Problems and Soluions6. 3 R’s of Problem Identification7. A Solution Taking Shape
Section 4: Making, Modelling and Materializing8. Understanding Systems and Design Requirements9. Planning for Models and Tests10. Making It!, Models, Trials and Tests
Section 5: Prototyping11. Prototype Practicalities12. Develop It and Test It!
Section 6: Final Presentations13. Final Presentation
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Ireland
Education Resources
• Film Canisters– Any photo developing shop
• Crankshaft– Clothes Hanger wire works well– A good idea to allow students to make a box, if using milk cartons as
video suggests.. Can be very sloppy.. Sour milk etc• Electronics
– Supplied by Intel• LegoBuggy
– Supplied by Intel• Robotics
– Supplied by Intel• Miscellaneous Equipment
– Other equipment e.g. pliers, paperclips, scissors etc can be sourced locally
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Ireland
Education The Design Process
1. Identify a design opportunity2. Research the design opportunity3. Brainstorm possible solutions to the problem4. Define the problem5. Research your solution6. Refine your solution7. Prepare design requirements and conceptual
drawings8. Build models and component parts9. Build a solution prototype10. Improve your solution. Test, evaluate and revise.
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Ireland
Education Curriculum Sessions• 120 minutes in duration (3 x 40min classes)• 2 to 4 hands-on Activities.• Key concepts discussed• Teacher manual contains all the information needed to
deliver each activity. • Student booklets contain instructions for each activity and
also some further reading.• Teacher manual also contains all the student instructions
and student further reading material. • Each Activity lists all needed supplies• Activities may be supplemented with additional readings and
Home Work opportunities
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Ireland
Education
• Format– Goal– Outcome– Description– Supplies– Preparation– Procedure
Curriculum Activities
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Ireland
Education Teachers Website
• Teacher Guide – Key Concepts and further information for teachers– Engineering as a Career– Engineering Profiles– Irish Engineering Projects
• Student Booklet (Worksheets and Readings)• Workshop presentation• Share ideas • Discuss issues• Demonstration videos• Student Examples• Mentors
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Ireland
Education
Section 1
Understanding the Design Process
Practice seeing the world from a designed perspective and learn how to guide students through the design process. The 10-step Design Process is introduced here and revisited throughout the curriculum.
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Ireland
Education
Session 1: Jump Into the Designed World
In This Session:-
A. Build a Better Paper Clip (40mins)
B. The Design Process (20mins)
C. Potato Peeler Upgrades (20mins)
D. SCAMPER and the Potato Masher (35mins)
E. Design Opportunities and Everywhere (5mins and H/W)
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Ireland
Education 1A. Build a Better Paper ClipGoal:-
Experience the design process by re-engineering and everyday object.
Outcome:-Design and engineer a new paper clip that meets specified requirements
Description:-After careful observations of how different kinds of paperclips function and perform, students design a new paperclip that meets several requirements including a unique look. They construct them using a selection of materials and prepare drawings of the various designs. Each designer presents out on their model.
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Ireland
EducationDesign Challenge
The owners of P&C Office Supplies are seeking new designs for paper clips. The company has come across hard times and believes a new paper clip design could revive their once thriving business. It is up to you to save their company. Use you imagination and creativity to invent a new paper clip design, the owners have come up with requirements for the design.
Requirements– Your paper clip will be unique. It cannot look like any paper clip you have
seen before, but it may have features of other clips.– It can be no bigger than 2 inches– It must hold 10 pieces of paper together– Your main material must be wire– It must not be a hazzard to small children.– You should use your design notebook to draw your various designs
•Draw sketches of your ideas.•You must name your design. •Be prepared to present your design.
Time allowed : 10minsDebrief : 15 mins
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Ireland
Education
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Ireland
Education Some student results
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Ireland
Education 1B. The Design Process
Goal:-Become familiar with the design process.
Outcome:-The experience with designing paperclips is formalises into a design process that guides students through their design and engineering projects.
Description:-A group discussion of the paper clip activity collects the students experiences with the design process they experienced directly. This discussion moves to connecting their experience to a general design process (outlined on 1B handout: The Design Process). A short reading that clarifies the relationship between design, engineering, and scientific research wraps up the activity.
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Ireland
Education Introducing The Design Process
1. Identify a Design Opportunity/Problem to Solve.2. Research the Design Opportunity.3. Brainstorm Possible Solutions to the Problem.4. Define the problem.5. Research your solution.6. Refine your solution.7. Prepare design requirements and conceptual
drawings.8. Build models and component parts.9. Build a solution prototype.10. Improve your solution. Test, evaluate, and revise.
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Ireland
Education
1 Identify a design opportunity
2 Research the design opportunity
3 Brainstormpossible solutions to the problem
4 Write a design brief
5 Research your solution
7 Prepare design requirements and conceptual drawings
8 Build models and component parts
9 Build the prototype
10 Improve yoursolution. Test, evaluate,
and revise
THE DESIGN PROCESS
6 Refine your solution
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Ireland
Education 1C. Potato Peeler Upgrade
Goal:-Introduce and practice SCAMPER, a creative technique for improving existing designs.
Outcome:-Learn and practice the SCAMPER process.
Description:-Students learn about and use SCAMPER, a systematic technique for generating ideas about improving existing designs. They study a potato peeler and try to create ideas about designing an improved peeler.
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Ireland
Education SCAMPER (Session 1, Activity C and D)
• Substitute
• Combine
• Adapt
• Magnify / Minimize
• Put to other uses
• Eliminate / Elaborate
• Rearrange / Reverse.
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Ireland
EducationSCAMPER and the Potato
Peeler
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Ireland
Education1D. SCAMPER and the Potato
MasherGoal:-Apply the SCAMPER technique to components of a potato masher.
Outcome:-Improve the 3 main components of a standard potato masher using SCAMPER.
Description:-Students look at the different components of a potato masher and apply the scamper technique to each of them. They are introduced to technical drawing by enhancing an existing drawing with their improvements.
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Ireland
Education1E. Design Opportunities and
EverywhereGoal:-Learn to identify problems, needs and opportunities for design improvements.
Outcome:-Students generate a list of 10 problems that they see as opportunities for design solutions.
Description:-This activity begins the students’ project development. Another brainstorming technique called ‘Activity Mapping’ is introduced where students identify an activity, the steps in this activity and where there could be room for improvement. Following this a walking tour is a good way to give students ideas for design opportunities.
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Ireland
Education Activity Mapping(Session 1, Activity E)
1. Pre-Activity: Describes what is done before the activity
2. Activity: Explains what is involved in the activity
3. Post-Activity: Included what is involved after the activity
4. Assessment: Involves how one knows if the activity has been successful.
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Ireland
Education Cleaning Your Teeth
• Pre-Activity: Preparation• Activity: Brushing your teeth• Post-Activity: Cleaning up• Assessment:
Questions for students• What products are involved in each process• Consider any problems with products / potential
improvements / new products• What could make life easier for people
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Ireland
Education
Day 2Section 2
Engineering FudamentalsAgenda:
• Registration (5mins)• Introduction/Overview (5mins)• Material Science
-Test the properties of various materials(20mins)• Feedback/questions(10mins)• Material applications
-Break into groups and select one or two problems from material applications, brainstorm ideas, draw rough diagrams(10mins)
• Material Choice– Discuss (5mins)
• Coffee break (15mins)
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Ireland
Education
Day 2Section 2
Engineering FudamentalsAgenda:
• Electronics 1 & 2
• Overview (10mins)
• Activities: Using diagrams from workbooks (15mins)Activity A: Building Simple CircuitsActivity B: Using Simple SwitchesActivity C: Using a Silicon ChipActivity D: Completing the input pattern for the 4093
• Feedback/Questions (5mins)
• Activity 2: Using Diagrams from workbooks(15mins)Activity A: A Reed Switch Circuit.Activity B: Making an LED flash.Activity C: Controlling a Motor.
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Ireland
Education
Day 2Section 2
Engineering FundamentalsMaking Machines and Observing
Functionality
• Overview (5mins)
• Build crankshaft or Rolling toy (15mins)
• Feedback/Questions(10mins)
• Preview of Day 3(5mins)
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Ireland
Education
Section 2Engineering Fundamentals
Goal: Understand the basic principles of materials, electrical, and mechanical engineering, which may be incorporated into students’ projects. Practice testing material properties, wiring circuits, and making a mechanical devices.
Session 2: Material Science
Session 3: Electronic Engineering I
Session 4: Electronic Engineering II
Session 5: Mechanics
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Ireland
Education
Session 2Materials Science
Activity A: Properties of materials
Activity B: Material application
Activity C: Material choice
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Ireland
Education Session 2 Materials
• A Properties of materials
• B Material applications
• C Material choice
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Ireland
Education A. Properties of materials
• Four material categories:
• 1.Metals: Steel,Aluminium,Iron
• 2.Ceramics:Porcelain,Glass,Tiles
• 3.Polymers:Plastic,Rubber,Adhesives
• 4.Composites:Fibreglass,Plywood,Concrete
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Ireland
Education Material Properties
• 1.Density
• 2.Ductility
• 3.Strength
• 4.Fatigue
• 5.Electrical conductivity
• 6.Thermal conductivity
• 7.Optical properties
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Ireland
Education Material test 1 : Density
• Q. What materials are most dense?
• Materials: Brick,Wood,Styrofoam
• Rate the materials :High,medium,low
• Examples:High density; Paperweight,ConstructionLow density; Backpack,Tennis racket
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Ireland
Education Test 2 :Ductility v’s Brittleness
• Q. How easily does it stretch when a force is applied?
• Chocolate bar test:
• Frozen caramel bar: Brittle(breaks immediately)
• Caramel bar: Ductile(stretchs before breaking)
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Ireland
Education Activity 2 Ductility
• Materials: wooden stick, plastic spoon, metal spoon, tile
• Test: Bend all and rate them from the most to the least ductile
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Ireland
Education Result : Activity 2 Ductility
• Plastic,wood,metal
Examples:Bridges, furniture: must allow for some
bending.Rubberbands,plastic bags: must allow for
lots of bendingFoor tiles,bookshelves: cannot allow for any
bending
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Ireland
Education Test 3 Strength(tensile)
• Q.How much weight can it hold without failing or breaking?
• Materials: Newton masses,
paper,aluminium foil, plastic bags
• Test: Attach masses to materials until material breaks
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Ireland
Education Result : Activity 3 Strength
Plastic(strongest),aluminium,Paper
(weakest)
Examples:
Strong materials are needed in construction such as concrete and steel
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Ireland
Education Test 4 Fatigue
• Q. How much repeated stress cause material to break or fail?
• Materials: plastic ties,paper clips,thin plywood.
• Test: Bend all , counting times it takes to break.
• Rate from most to least fatigue resistent
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Ireland
Education Result : Activity 4 Fatigue
Plywood(most resistent),steel,plastic(least resistent)
Examples: Fatigue is most important when materials
are used repeatedly eg. paper clips, bridges.Fatigue is not an issue for disposable objects such as paper plates
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Ireland
EducationTest 5 Electrical
conductivity• Q. Does electricity pass easily
through material?
• Materials:Battery,wire,bulb,aluminium foil,cardboard,plastic,ceramic tiles
• Test: Make an electrical circuit with each material to see if bulb lights
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Ireland
EducationResult: Activity 5 Electrical
conductivity Aluminium(conductor)
Cardboard,plastic,ceramic (insulators)
Examples:
Insulators are important around electrically conductive wires
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Ireland
Education Test 6 Thermal conductivity
• Q.Does heat pass through material easily?
• Materials:Candle,matchs,aluminium cardboard,plastic,ceramic tiles
Test:Hold candle in flame a few inches from material for 10 seconds and note how hot it becomes and how hot it remains
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Ireland
EducationResults : Activity 6 Thermal
conductivity• High thermal conductivity : object feels
hot and stays hot.
• Aluminium(high),ceramic(medium),
• paper(medium),plastic(low)
• Examples:
• Baking sheets,radiators(conductors)
• Polystyrene cups(insulators)
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Ireland
Education Test 7 Optical properties
• Q.How easily does light pass through the material?
• Materials:Torch,plastic bag,plastic cup, plastic bucket
• Test:Compare materials by shining light through them
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Ireland
EducationResults : Activity 7 Thermal
conductivity
Plasctic bag(transparent)plastic cup(translucent)plastic bucket (opaque)
Examples:Transparent (windshields,glasses) Translucent (bathroom window) Opaque (curtains)
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Ireland
Education B Material applications
• Students are given specific problems to solve and ask themselves questions such as:
• Which properties are important?
• Which materials have these important properties?
• What materials would you use?
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Ireland
Education Problems
• Spoon to mix hot soup ingredients
• Lightweight golfclub
• Clothesline
• Phonebooth with facilities for lap-top use
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Ireland
Education Erin Soup spoon
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Ireland
Education Eircom phone booth
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Ireland
Education C. Material choice
• Economic and environmental factors are involved when choosing material
• Students have to choose a material to package a new fruit juice
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Ireland
Education Activity 1 Students figure out the overall cost of one container
Material No of Containers/Kg
Material cost/Kg
Shipping cost/kg
Aluminium 30 7 0.5
Glass 4 0.03 0.5
Plastic 15 0.5 0.5
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Ireland
EducationActivity II
Students figure out which is cheaper,raw or recycled material
Material Scrap/Kg Reprocessing scrap/Kg
Disposal/Kg
Aluminium 0.05 0.15 0.02
Glass 0.01 0.01 0.02
Plastic 0.15 0.5 0.04
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Ireland
Education Activity IIIEnvironmental cost
Material Kg of CO avoided per Kg of recycling
Aluminium 4.5
Glass 0.2
Plastic 0.8
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Ireland
Education
Session 3 and 4Electronic Engineering I&II
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Ireland
Education Electronics Bag
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Ireland
Education Session 3
Activity A: Building Simple Circuits
Activity B: Using Simple Switches
Activity C: Using a Silicon Chip
Activity D: Completing the input pattern for the 4093
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Ireland
Education Session 4
Activity A: A Reed Switch Circuit.
Activity B: Making an LED flash.
Activity C: Controlling a Motor.
PLAY VIDEO
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Ireland
Education
Resistors
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Ireland
Education
Session 5
Making Machines and Observing Functionality.
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Ireland
EducationSession 5: Making Machines
Understanding the session: Exploration of the mechanics of simple machines, this is achieved through a practical based lesson where the student will build different types of “toys” using basic mechanics.
The session is broken down into 3 manageable sections
Section A:Design, Build, & Make it go
Section B: Gears, Cranks, crankshafts and belts
Section C: Using Motors to produce motion
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Ireland
EducationActivity 5A: Rolling Kit
Goal: To allow students to become more familiar with the ideas behind basic mechanics, how energy can be stored, transferred and transformed.
Outcome: Make a “Rolling toy which can travel 1-1.5 metres as an introduction to mechanical engineering.
Preparation: To do this you will need “One Rolling Kit” per student
Materials required:
• 1 film canister with lid, with holes(8mm – 10mm Ø) drilled in both ends (this is the part where your “nice” to the technology teachers and ask to borrow a cordless drill)
• 2 Rubber bands 6.5cm
• 2 small washers
• 1 piece of thick drinking straw (try Macdonalds or Burger King)
(note: The film canisters can usually be obtained from any photo processing agent, just ask they have loads
(and they don’t want them)
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Ireland
Education
Building The “Rolling Kit”Procedure:
Sometimes a picture speaks a thousand words.. That’s exactly what this video clip is going to do!!
PLAY VIDEO CLIP
Note: If you can’t
get the film
Canisters,
empty cans of coke
Fanta etc
work just as well
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Ireland
Education Now for the good news..
Its YOUR turn to make
the Rolling Kit!
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Ireland
Education
Activity 5B: Gears, Cranks, Crankshafts & Belts
Goal: Familiarise students with mechanical engineering concepts so that they can try to apply them in various projects or designs. Encourage students to find out where they can get more information on mechanisms and mechanical devices, e.g. web sites, this would also be an ideal time for you (the teacher) to invite a “guest speaker” to talk to the class
Outcome: to design & build a “crankshaft” which could then be transformed into a small toy.
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Ireland
Education Crankshaft
• Play the video
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Ireland
Education
Preparation:
You will need:
•A small milk carton
•3 pieces of 16-gauge steel wire
- one 20cm long
- two 7cm long
•1 straw (again try MacDonald's, etc)
•Some insulating tape for crank handle
•Several pairs of needle nose pliers
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Ireland
Education
Procedure: Its really not as complicated as it looks!
PLAY VIDEO CLIP
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Ireland
EducationGuess what?..
Its Your Turn to have a go making the CRANKSHAFT
Just try to remember the basic shape you’re trying to make and it becomes much simpler
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Ireland
EducationSummary to Section 5 activities A The Rolling Kit
B The Crankshaft
By completing this session students should be able to incorporate some of the concepts they have learned into the final projects they decide to build at the end of the module
All of the information needed to complete these practical tasks can be found in your handbook, all of the video’s used can be found on the Design & Discovery Website.
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Ireland
Education ROBOTICS
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Ireland
Education
Section 3
Thinking Creatively about Problems and Solutions
Session 6: The 3 R’s of Problem IdentificationSession 7: A Solution Taking Shape
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Ireland
Education
Session 6
The 3 R’s of Problem Identification and Robots
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Ireland
Education The 3 R’s of Problem Identification
Lesson 1 - 6A Revisit - 6B Research & Refine - 6C SCAMPER to solutions (h/w)
Lesson 2 - 6D Sample Design Brief
Lesson 3 – 6E My Design Brief
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Ireland
Education 6A Revisit
• Revisit their broad list of problems, needs, improvement ideas in Session 1
• May need to expand this list
• Ask some questions to refine it • eg, What about this product is frustrating?
• Choose top 3 design opportunities
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Ireland
Education 6B Research & Refine
• Prepare the survey questions
• Survey 10 people
• List pros and cons in choosing one design opportunity
• Formulate a Problem Statement
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Ireland
Education6C SCAMPER to solutions
(h/w)• Using the SCAMPER process,
students develop a list possible solutions to their problem/improvement
• Substitute, Combine, Adapt, Minimize/Magnify, Put to other uses, Eliminate/Elaborate, Reverse/Rearrange.
• Evaluate ideas using a set of criteria
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Ireland
Education 6D Sample Design Brief
• Design Brief - What is it?• - What it does?
• Students read ‘Sample Design Brief’
• Review – Describe the problem - describe how the current
product is used? etc
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Ireland
Education 6E My Design Brief
• Students work on their own design brief (final draft and sketches eventually)
• Perhaps a 2min presentation• - state the problem• - describe the needs of the user• - describe the solution
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Ireland
Education
Session 7
A Solution Taking Shape
Louise Ward
Improve, Refine, Define
Online research
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Ireland
Education A: The User
• Hammer,Potatomasher,Jack in the box• Who uses it?• Gender?• Age?• Why do they use it?• What will they do to operate it?• Students consider their own
products and who uses them.
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Ireland
Education B: Patents
• Students explore patent websites
• www.patentsoffice.ie
• www.uspto.gov
• There are a variety of engineering solutions, materials, and design ideas for the same problem
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Ireland
Education How stuff works
• www.howstuffworks.com
• Think -- Thing
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Ireland
Education C: Invitation to invent
• Students explore invention websites for inspiration and ideas for their own project
• www.rolexawards.com• www.ideafinder.com
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Ireland
Education
Session 8: Understanding Systems and Design RequirementsSession 9: Planning for Models and TestsSession 10: Making IT, Models, Trials and Tests
Section 4
Making, Modeling, and Materializing
Martin Gleeson
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Ireland
Education
Section 4Making, Modeling, and Materializing
• Introduction/Overview (10mins)• Systems & Synergy(20mins)• Understand the connections between systems components and parts• Activity
-Use a bicycle to analyse how systems and components work in symbiosis. Use teacher handbook pg 202
• Feedback/questions(5mins)• The Perfect Fit(20mins)• Activity:
-Fine tune a project design by taking a look at the needs of the user. Take a look at the new and improved models of existing designs. Investigate what/why improvements have been made. Gillette safety razor is good example, but any new and
improved object will suffice.• Conceptual Drawing (10mins)
-See pages 215-220 in teachers handbook• Coffee Break (15mins)
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Ireland
EducationSection 4
Making, Modeling, and Materializing
• Checking the design process (15mins)• Use checklist in handbook pg 222-223. Students will refine initial
designs• Planning for models and tests• Activity(25mins)
-Review “the design process” and discuss supplies needed to build a prototype
• Materials and Modelling (25mins) • Activity
-Discuss the difference between a model and a prototype. Structural/material considerations: Discuss what materials you will need to build model of your project. See handbook pg237-240-Build a small scale model of your final design and evaluate
using checklist pg 247 of handbook• Feedback/questions (5mins)
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Ireland
Education
Session 11: Prototype PracticalitiesSession 12: Develop IT and Test ItSession 13: Final Presentation
Section 5 and 6
Prototyping and Final Presentations
Audrey Byrne
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Ireland
EducationSection 5 and 6
Prototyping and Final Presentations
• Introduction (10mins)• Prototype planning (15mins)• Revisit/review your model from previous sessions. Using this as a guide, build
your prototype(25mins)• Evaluate the prototype. (10mins)
-Use questions on pg 269-270 in handbook.• Coffee Break (15mins)• Present your prototype to other groups.(20mins) -List some positive and some negative aspects of your design e.g.
materials inexpensive and readily available, but may not be cost effective etc.
• Final presentation• Discuss possible options/venues for students to showcase the work they
have done (10mins)• Feedback/Questions(5mins)• Overall evaluation of course(10mins)
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Ireland
Education
Session 11 : Prototype PracticalitiesGoal: Refine a project into a working prototype.
•Session 11: Prototype Practicalities•Session 12: Develop It & Test It!•Session 13: Final Presentations
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Ireland
Education
Activity 11A: Build a PrototypeGoal: What is a prototype? What is the point of building one? Understand what a prototype teaches.
Mentors may be involved at this stage. Prototypes are still part of the experimental stage, but provide opportunities for testing critical aspects of an idea.
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Ireland
EducationChoose a realistic & achievable project
At this stage it is important to remind the students that they will have to actually design and build their idea
Many students may come up with “fantastic ideas” e.g.
• To design self ironing clothes,
• To design a robot to make their bed.
But do they really have the skills or equipment available to this this?
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Ireland
Education
11A: Prototype planning•As a general rule, it is recommended that
three basic concepts be followed:•investigation to see whether the right approach is being taken;
•refinement to build on the comments and feedback after the investigative prototype;
•consolidation to fully satisfy the objectives of the prototype
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Ireland
Education
Not meant to fully function, only to show what it would look like – materials are not final
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Ireland
Education
Basic ConceptWe are going to build a prototype of a
“thing” to meet specifications.
What are the requirements of a “thing” that will allow you to eat ice cream? List.
1. It must …
2. It should…
3. It will have to…
Let’s look at some examples
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Review examples and models
What kind of spoons are these? What are they designed to do?
What design additions are NOT linked to the spoon itself but add value? Is the colour or material relevant?
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What capabilities are required that impact each of these designs? How are materials used?
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What is going on here?
Novelty or brilliance? Ideas that catch on or fade away to antique shelves? Are these ideas still around?
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Review objects as they change over time, how
materials are used, how they meet special needs, and where ethnicity plays
a part in design. What other objects could be used to help students
understand this?
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Prototype Materials
Goal: Students try to decide what types of materials will be best suited to their project design e.g. durable, light weight, water proof etc
Outcome: By becoming familiar with a variety of different materials and their properties students can make more informed decisions as to which materials to use
Preparation: Basically this will consist of a “scavenger Hunt” ask students to bring in examples of various materials also try to encourage cross curricular links between different depts in your school.. Eg wood work, metal work , art etc…
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Points to keep in mind when selecting the material for a prototype
•Will it serve the required purpose
•Is it cost effective
•Is it readily available
•Is it environmentally friendly/ recyclable
•Is it easy to work with (shape/form)
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Session 11C: Prototype, Develop it!
Review our Requirements for SPOON prototype
Define the specifications – Must hold liquid– Must have a handle– Must get ice cream to your mouth
five times– Must hold together – stay secure– No noticeable fatigue or
decomposition– Must use more than two different
materials
Build your prototype!
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EducationSection 11 Summary
•By calling on previous sections of the D&D course try to
come up with a design idea
•Give your design some basic specifications which must be
met
•Make some rough sketches of your project
•Decide on suitable materials
•Test prototype to see if it meets design requirements,
if not.. Why not?
•Remember,at this stage, you are only building a basic
prototype .. NOT a finished product
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Section 12: Develop & Test
12A: Evaluate prototype suitability to specifications
12B: Test It
12C: Final Evaluation & Revisions
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EducationSession 12A: Develop it!
Goal: Continue to work on and develop your prototype.Ask the following questions
• Are there anyways to improve it? e.g.do you think the materials you selected are effective,
• what about the colour, • Does it look/feel “User Friendly” • Is there any aspect which could be
improved?
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Education 12 B: Test it!
Goal: Develop your prototype, now that you see it built, is there room for improvement? Could it be bigger, smaller lighter etc
Outcome: By continuing to test and modify your final design you should end up with a fully function prototype, which meets the design specifications
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Procedure:
Ask the students to evaluate each others projects
Students must try to point out 3 positive aspects & 3 negative aspects of the project they are evaluating
Allow “original designers” to take this information on board
Investigate if any of the negative aspects can be remedied
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Education12C: Evaluation &
RevisionGoal: Using the information obtained from positive & negative feedback, students revisit the prototype and try to solve any design faults
Outcome: Students should now reach the stage whereby they have developed a fully functioning prototype
Procedure: Students should continually refer to their design specifications & feed back to try and improve on any inconsistencies where possible (use worksheet on session 12C)
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Session 13: Final PresentationGoal: Understand the importance of presenting projects and presentation choices. Be able to determine what type of fair your students will host.
•Transition Year Showcase–Parents and community members–Students present projects–Guest provide feedback
•Mini-Engineering Display–Younger students and peers–Projects displayed–Engineering activities
•Young Scientist/SciFest (I.T. Tallaght)–Science competition in R.D.S.–N.B. Closing date for entries is TBA–SciFest I.T.Tallaght 28th April
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Sharing Expertise
The purpose of Solutions Showcase and the Mini-Engineering Display:
To recognize students' hard work and celebrate their accomplishments
•To share engineering expertise with others (peers, family, community, younger students)
•To get feedback on their projects: display boards, prototypes, and presentations
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Final Thoughts – The Curriculum•Nurtures students’ interests – allowing them to take
ownership of the challenge and solution.
•Provides a continuous and coherent path of learning,
that builds onto each session
•Connects experiences like field trips and guest speakers
together, making sense of them in a larger framework of
learning.
•Tries to encourage students to develop an intrinsic interest
in the subject
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EducationFinal Thoughts – The Training
• Training is always a compressed version of what you need to take back and implement. Your compressed experience will expand and grow with your students!
• You can’t always be the expert in this day and age. Your strength lies in the ability to have faith in their ability to learn, and your willingness to learn alongside them.