istituto nazionale di fisica codice esperimento gruppo … · 2005. 7. 20. · istituto nazionale...

ISTITUTO NAZIONALE DI FISICANUCLEARE

Preventivo per l'anno 2005

Codice Esperimento GruppoBO11 4

Rapp. Naz.: Giovanni VENTURI

Rappresentante nazionale:Giovanni VENTURIStruttura di appartenenza: BOPosizione nell'I.N.F.N.:

INFORMAZIONI GENERALI

Linea di ricerca

Dinamica classica e quantistica di oggetti relativistici estesiDualità in teoria dei campi e di stringa

Laboratorio ovesi raccolgono i dati

Sigla delloesperimentoassegnata

dal laboratorio

BO11

Acceleratore usato

Fascio(sigla e

caratteristiche)

Processo fisicostudiato

Apparatostrumentale

utilizzato

Sezioni partecipantiall'esperimento

BO, TN, CO, TS

Istituzioni esterneall'Ente partecipanti

CALIFORNIA STATE POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY POMONA, CA. USADIPARTIMENTO DI FISICA,UNIVERSITA’ DI OSIJEK − CROAZIA

Durata esperimento

Mod EC. 1 (a cura del responsabile nazionale)

ISTITUTO NAZIONALE DI FISICA NUCLEAREPreventivo per l'anno 2005

StrutturaMI


Resp. loc.: U. Moschella

PREVENTIVO LOCALE DI SPESA PER L'ANNO 2005In KEuro

VOCIDI

SPESADESCRIZIONE DELLA SPESA

IMPORTI A cura dellaComm.neScientificaNazionale

Parziali Totale Compet.

SJ di cui SJ Missioni interne: meeting dell'iniziativa specifica. Altre missioni interne percollaborazioni.

2,0

2,0

Pasquier Vincent. Saclay (3 settimane). Cosmology and tachyons. Chaplygin gas

Bros Jacques. Saclay (3 settimane). Saclay. De Sitter and Anti de Sitter QFT

Epstein Henri. IHES (3 settimane). De Sitter and Anti de Sitter QFT

Schaeffer Richard. Saclay (2 settimane). Cosmology and quantization

Goldin Gerald. Rutgers (3 settimane) Diffeomorphism group

Duplantier Bertrand. Saclay (2 settimane) Fractals

1,5

1,5

1,5

1,0

1,5

1,0

8,0

Missioni estere: partecipazioni a convegni. Collaborazioni scientifiche. 6,0

6,0

Consorzio Ore CPU Spazio Disco Cassette Altro

Totale 16,0 di cui SJ0,0

Sono previsti interventi e/o impiantistica che ricadono sotto la disciplina della legge Merloni ? Breve descrizione dell'intervento:

Mod EC./EN. 2 (a cura del responsabile locale)


StrutturaMI



ALLEGATO MODELLO EC2

Mod EC./EN. 2a Pagina 1 (a cura del responsabile locale)


StrutturaMI









PREVENTIVO GLOBALE DI SPESA PER L'ANNO 2005

In KEuro

Struttura

A CARICO DELL' I.N.F.N. A

caricodi altriEnti

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4,02,06,04,0

3,58,02,04,5

16,06,09,08,0

23,516,017,016,5

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16,0 18,0 39,0 73,0

NB. La colonna A carico di altri enti deve essere compilata obbligatoriamente

Mod EC./EN. 4 (a cura del responsabile nazionale)





A) ATTIVITA' SVOLTA FINO A GIUGNO 2004

B) ATTIVITA' PREVISTA PER L'ANNO 2005BO11: QUANTUM AND SEMICLASSICAL GRAVITY, BLACK HOLES AND COSMOLOGY

INTRODUCTION AND MOTIVATION:

It is commonly accepted that in order to describe systems for which both quantum and general relativistic effects are important, one needsa quantum theory of all interactions, thereby including gravity. In particular, the latter is essential for the description of the physics of theprimordial Universe and is also considered necessary for thepurpose of solving the paradoxes and elucidating the still mysterious aspects of the physics of black holes. While waiting for such a theoryto be consistently formulated, andpossibly in a form which can be concretely used, an approach which has proved useful is that in which quantum fields describing matterand radiation interact with the nonquantized gravitational field. The general scheme arising from this approach takes the name of quantumfield theory on curved spacetimes and some of the most significant constructions and theoretical predictions of the last 30 years havetaken place within this context, the examples of largest impact being the prediction of black hole evaporation and the inflationary paradigm.

Our activity is based mainly on such an approach and employs methods that are at the interface between quantum field theory, generalrelativity and string theory, with applications to cosmological inflation, to the entropy of different types of black holes, to back−reaction ingravitational collapse and to quantum models on the deSitter universe, the latter being the simplest cosmology with an accelerated expansion given by a pure cosmological constant.Also worth studying are classical models for the description of the dark energy component, which is at the origin of the acceleratedexpansion of the universe. These models include the Chaplygin gas, alternative higher order gravitational theories, tachyons and theso−called "brane" universes, which arise from the more general context of string theory.In this context the research extends also to the Kaluza−Klein models with T−duality and to the AdS/CFT and dS/CFT correspondences.

The participants in the BO11 collaboration are associated with the INFN groups of 4 Universities: Bologna (BO), Como (CO), Trento (TN)and Trieste (TS), and their activities can be divided into three main (partially overlapping) topics: Black holes (BH), Theoretical Cosmology(TC) and General Theory (GT). Further, besides individual contacts, a yearly meeting involving most participants is held, also occasionallyinviting representatives of other related INFN activities (see e.g. www−th.bo.infn.it/activities/bo11/).

SOME RECENT RESULTS:

To further illustrate our activity we single out some results that we think are particularly significant obtained in the above topics during thepast few years.

A) BLACK HOLES

[BH1] R. Casadio and B. Harms,"Can black holes and naked singularities be detected in accelerators?", Int. J. Mod. Phys. A17 (2002) 4635 [see also: Phys. Rev. D 64(2001) 024016; Phys. Lett. B 487 (2000) 209].The conditions for the detectability of black holes and naked singularities in colliders at TeV−scales if the spacetime is higher dimensionalhave been studied. With one warped extra dimension, microcanonical corrections can make tiny black holes (meta)stable and, if the total

charge is non−zero, naked singularities do not occur provided the electromagnetic field is strictly confined on an infinitelythin brane. With more flat extra dimensions, a phase transition between black strings and black holes was conjectured and themicrocanonical decay rates analyzed.

[BH2] G.L. Alberghi, R. Casadio and G.Venturi,"Thermodynamics for radiating shells in anti−de Sitter space−time", Phys. Lett. B557 (2003) 7 [see also Phys. Lett. B 571 (2003) 245].A thermodynamical description for the quasi−static collapse of radiating, self−gravitating spherical shells of matter in anti−de Sitterspacetime is obtained. The specific heat at constant area may diverge before a black hole forms, thus suggesting the possibility of a phasetransition occurring during the collapse. Semiclassical radiation emitted as a non−adiabatic quantum effect when the shell matter isbosonic has also also obtained.

[BH3] R. Casadio,"On dispersion relations and the statistical mechanics of Hawking radiation", Class. Quantum Grav. 19 (2002) 2453 [see also Ann. Phys.307 (2003) 195].It is shown that trans−Planckian frequencies do not affect the spectrum of Hawking radiation since Hawking particles are producedsufficiently far away from the horizon and reach infinity with a relatively small gravitational red−shift. The result is then generalized tomodels withextra flat spatial dimensions.

[BH4] V. Moretti and N. Pinamonti,"Aspects of hidden and manifest SL(2,R) symmetry in 2D near−horizon black−hole backgrounds," Nucl. Phys. B 647 (2002) 131.The invariance under unitary representations of the conformal group SL(2,R) of a quantum particle is rigorously investigated intwo−dimensional spacetimes containing Killing horizons and the limit of the near−horizon approximation is considered. The whole Hilbertspaceturns out to be an irreducible unitary representation of SL(2,R) and the time evolution is embodied in the unitary representation.

B) THEORETICAL COSMOLOGY

[TC1] A. Y. Kamenshchik, U. Moschella and V. Pasquier,"An alternative to quintessence", Phys. Lett. B511 (2001) 265.Recent observations point towards the existence of a new type of energy, called dark, that dominates the energy content of the universe.In this paper a new model, called the Chaplygin gas cosmological model (after the early 20−th century hydrodynamicist Chaplygin) hasbeen introduced and discussed. The novelty of the model is that it is the first to suggest a unified description of dark energy and darkmatter, together with a possible solution for the so−called cosmic conundrum problem. It predicts that the cosmological constant willincrease with time. The paper has inspired many other studies and today provides one of the most studied descriptions of dark energy.

[TC2] V. Gorini, A. Y. Kamenshchik, U. Moschella and V. Pasquier,"Tachyons, scalar fields and cosmology," arXiv: hep−th/0311111, to appear in Phys. Rev. D.A sort of correspondence existing between tachyons and minimally coupled scalar fields is constructed. This leads to the study of aspecific one−parameter family of tachyonic models based on a perfect fluid mixed with a positive cosmological constant. For positivevalues of the parameter one needs to modify Sen's action and use the sigma process of resolution of singularities. For particular choices ofthe initial conditions the universe, that does mimic for a long time a de Sitter−like expansion, ends up in a finite time in a special type ofsingularity that we call a "big brake". This singularity is characterized by an infinite deceleration.

[TC3] F. Finelli and R. H. Brandenberger,"Parametric amplification of metric fluctuations during reheating in two field models", Phys. Rev. D 62 (2000) 083502.The parametric amplification of super−Hubble−scale scalar metric fluctuations is studied at the end of inflation in two−field models ofinflation. It is shown there can be a large growth of fluctuations due to parametric resonance, an effect that is not taken into account by theconventional theory of isocurvature perturbations.

[TC4] D. Carturan and F. Finelli,"Cosmological Effects of a Class of Fluid Dark Energy Models", Phys. Rev. D68 (2003) 103501.The impact of a generalized Chaplygin gas as a candidate for dark energy on CMB anisotropies is studied in order to show how the CMBanisotropies induced by this class of models differ from a Lambda−Cold Dark Matter model.

[TC5] L.Amendola, F.Finelli, C.Burigana and D.Carturan,"WMAP and the Generalized Chaplygin Gas", JCAP 0307 (2003) 005.The WMAP and SNIa data are compared with models having a generalized Chaplygin gas as dark energy and unified models.

[TC6] F. Finelli, G. Marozzi, G. P. Vacca, and G. Venturi,"Energy−Momentum Tensor of Cosmological Fluctuations during Inflation", in press in Phys. Rev. D [gr−qc/0310086] [see also Phys. Rev.D 65 (2002) 103521].The renormalized energy−momentum tensor (EMT) of quantum fluctuations in chaotic inflation with a quadratic potential is studied. Ourprocedure generalizes previous textbook treatment studied only for de Sitter to inflationary spacetimes. When metric fluctuations areincluded, the renormalized EMT is characterized by a negative energydensity which acts against expansion.

[TC7] R. Casadio and L. Mersini,"Short distance signatures in cosmology: why not in black holes?", Int. Jour. Mod. Phys. A 19 (2004) 1395 [see also Phys. lett. B579(2004) 1].It is shown that trans−Planckian frequencies can affect the spectrum of primordial fluctuations, contrarily to what happens in black holephysics [BH3]. Power−law inflation is then studied in details for a specific choice of initial conditions for the quantum state of modes thatenter the sub−Planckian regime which induce a modulation in the CMB.

[TC8] I. Brevik, S. Nojiri, S. D. Odintsov and L.Vanzo,"Entropy and universality of Cardy−Verlinde formula in dark energy universe", arXiv: hep−th/0401073, to appear in Phys Rev D (2004).The entropy of a FRW universe filled with dark energy (cosmological constant, quintessence or phantom) is studied. The correspondingexpression is similar to 2D CFT entropy only for conformal matter. At the same time, the cosmological Cardy−Verlinde formula relatingthreetypical FRW universe entropies remains universal for any type of matter.

[TC9] G. Cognola, E. Elizalde, S. Nojiri, S. D. Odintsov, and S. Zerbini,"Multi−graviton theory from a discretized RS brane−world and the induced cosmological constant", arXiv: hep−th/0312269.A multi−graviton theory with non−nearest−neighbor couplings in the theory space is proposed. The resulting four−dimensional discretemass spectrum reflects the structure of a discretized extra dimension. For a plausible mass spectrum motivated by the discretizedRandall−Sundrumbrane−world, the induced cosmological constant turns out to be positive and may serve as a quite simple model for the dark energy of ouraccelerating universe.

C) GENERAL THEORY

[GT1] D. Klemm and L. Vanzo,"De Sitter gravity and Liouville theory", JHEP 0204 (2002) 030.The spectrum of conical defects in three−dimensional de Sitter space is shown to be in one−to−one correspondence with the spectrum ofvertex operators in Liouville conformal field theory. It is shown that classical de Sitter gravity encodes the quantum properties of Liouvilletheory. The Seiberg bound for vertex operators translates on the bulkside into an upper mass bound for classical point particles. Bulk solutions with cosmological event horizons correspond to microscopicLiouville states, whereas those without horizons correspond to macroscopic (normalizable) states.

[GT2] J. Bros, H. Epstein and U. Moschella,"The asymptotic symmetry of de Sitter spacetime", Phys. Rev. D 65 (2002) 084012.A set of Euclidean conformal correlation functions on the boundary of a de Sitter space from an interacting bulk quantum field theory with acertain asymptotic behavior is explicitly performed. The status of the boundary theory w.r.t. reflection positivity is discussed; the conclusionis that no obvious physical holographic interpretation isavailable.

[GT3] J. Bros, H. Epstein and U. Moschella,"Towards a general theory of quantized fields on the anti−de Sitter space−time", Commun. Math. Phys 231 (2002) 481.A general framework for studying quantum field theory on theanti−de−Sitter space−time is proposed, based on the assumption of positivity of the spectrum of the possible energy operators. In thisframework the n−point functions are shown to be analytic in suitable domains of the complex AdS manifold, that it is possible to Wickrotate to the Euclidean manifold and come back, and that it is meaningful to restrict AdS quantum fields to Poincare' branes. A completecharacterization of two−point functions is also given. Finally the existence of the AdS−Unruh effect is proven for uniformly acceleratedobservers on trajectories crossing the boundary of AdS at infinity, while that effect does not exist for all the other uniformly acceleratedtrajectories.

[GT4] A. Smailagic and E. Spallucci,"Isotropic representation of the noncommutative 2D harmonic oscillator'', Phys. Rev. D 65 (2002) 107701.The two−dimensional noncommutative harmonic oscillator is shown to have an isotropic representation in terms of commutativecoordinates. The noncommutativity in the new mode, induces energy level splitting, and is equivalent to an external magnetic field effect.

[GT5] A. Smailagic, E. Spallucci and T. Padmanabhan,"String theory T−duality and the zero point length of spacetime", arXiv: hep−th/0308122.It has been conjectured that the quantum gravity will act as a UV regulator in the low energy limit of quantum field theory. Earlier work hasshown that if the path integral defining the quantum field theory propagator is modified, so that the amplitude is invariant under the dualitytransformation L −−> 1/L where L is the length of the path, then the propagator is UV−finite and exhibits a "zero−point length" of thespacetime. By an explicit path integral computation, the lowest order string theory correction to the propagator is shown to coincide withthe expression obtained by the hypothesis of path integral duality.

[GT6] A. Tronconi, G.P. Vacca and G. Venturi,"The Inflaton and Time in the Matter−Gravity System", Phys. Rev. D67 (2003) 063517.The emergence of time in the matter−gravity system is addressed within the context of the inflationary paradigm in the quantumminisuperspace. Normal matter is seen to experience a time evolution due to the coarse averaging of the gravitational wave function. Ananalogy with theemergence of a temperature in statistical mechanics is also pointed out as well as differences with respect to the Born−Oppenheimerapproach of Phys. Rev. D 39 (1989) 2436.

A more complete list of publications during the past 3 years by the members of the collaboration is visible in the complete BO11 proposal.

FUTURE DIRECTIONS:

A) BLACK HOLES

In the contexts of black hole physics we intend to pursue three main lines of research:

1) the back−reaction problem.The issue of determining the correct metric for an evaporating black hole is particularly demanding because the symmetries of the systemare not powerful enough to constrain the equations to a simple form. One must then employ further approximations such as reducing adhoc thedegrees of freedom. Simplified models of collapsing matter, such as homogeneous spheres and shells, will be used to address the wholeprocess of black hole formation and evaporation, since the two stages overlap in time for a distant observer. Techniques of canonicalquantization, renormalization in a curved background, and the WKBapproximation for the matter wave modes will also be employed. Finally, we will consider generalizations to models with extra spatialdimensions in the light of the holographic AdS−CFT correspondence for warped brane−worlds (BO).2) The microscopic interpretation of black hole entropy.This is still a fundamental unsolved problem. The use of techniques related to 2−dimensional conformal field theory plays an important roleand the use of Cardy formula for counting states is normally advocated. The issues concerning quantum fields living near, or exactly on,the event horizon of a black hole, the Virasoro algebra and related computation of the central charge will be considered in specific models(TN, BO).Furthermore, since one of the holographic theorems proved by us is formulated in an algebraic way (thus having no dependence on thequantum state), there may exist a C* algebra formulation of the extension of the holographic process to the whole Minkowski space−time(TN).3) Quasi−normal modes of a generic D−dimensional black hole.Such perturbations, also known as "ringing modes" in analogy with the decaying modes of a bell, are believed to represent black holedegrees of freedom. Their properties and relation with black hole degeneracy and entropy will be investigated (TN) and a possibleinterpretation in terms of conformal horizon states pursued (TN, BO).

B) THEORETICAL COSMOLOGY

We again list the main lines of research according to the following points:1) The back−reaction issue also arises in inflationary cosmology.Indeed the renormalised back−reaction of quantum scalar cosmological fluctuations has already been examined for the case of a minimallycoupled massive inflaton leading to chaotic inflation with a time dependent Hubble parameter [TC6]. Analogous considerations have to beperformed for tensor gravitational fluctuations (gravitons) both in deSitter and quasi−de Sitter space times (BO).2) It has been shown that trans−Planckian frequencies can play a role in cosmology [TC7]. The Born−Oppenheimer approach to thematter−gravity system allows for an estimate of the effect of quantum gravitational fluctuations which will be cast in the form of modifieddispersion relations to be checked against CMB data. Furthermore, the issue oftrans−Planckian frequencies has to be addressed within the context of the coarse graining approach used in the introduction of time [GT6].3) The observation of the dark component of the energy of the universe has given a strong boost to the investigation of dynamical modelsof such energy. Available models are of a phenomenological type, namely theories of scalar fields with potentials not derived fromfundamental theories, while waiting for new and more precise observations to tell uswhether dark energy is truly a constant or evolves and how does it evolve. We elaborated one of such models known as Chaplygin gas[TC1] (a fluid with properties related to some aspects of string theory), which describes the transition from an epoch of deceleratedexpansion to an accelerated one that is asymptotically de Sitter in a natural way. Another important characteristic of the model is that itmay inprinciple describe dark energy and dark matter in a unified way. Following this line of research we wish to continue the study of thecosmological applications of the Chaplygin gas (BO,CO) and to examine more closely its relation with the classical field models, tachyonsin particular, which may give rise to the same cosmic evolution. Preliminary results indicate that these models exhibit a very rich dynamics,with a sometimes seemingly chaotic behaviour. In this context,essential is the use of methods of qualitative analysis of dynamical systems,such as the theory of the resolution of singularities à la Arnold. Furthermore, we intend to study the Tolman−Oppenheimer−Volkovequations in the presence of dark energy, in its different modellings.4) D−brane inspired cosmological models ("brane−universes"), are also currently under investigation. In particular, a 3−brane embedded ina six−dimensional spacetime induces curvature only in the extra dimensions. In these models there is still a question of fine tuning that hasto be addressed, since although the branes themselves do not curve the observed four dimensions, the bulk components of matter do, andthey have to be fine tuned in order to get (almost) zero four−dimensional vacuum energy. In order to avoid unnatural fine−tuning wepropose a different strategy, i.e. to formulate a conformally invariant, gauge−type formulation of 3−branes in six dimensions. In this way weexpect that both bulk and singular brane contributions will share the fundamental feature of curving only the extra dimensions [TS].5) If the dark energy does indeed correspond to a pure cosmological constant, then our universe will asymptotically tend to a de Sitterspacetime. In this context, we intend to study scattering theory and the possible formulation of an asymptotic condition in the presence of apositive cosmological constant (de Sitter) with the aim of exploring its consequences on microphysics. A de Sitter S−matrix has been oftenevoked in the context of string theory. However, the usual Haag−Ruelle asymptotic theory is based on concepts which are characteristic ofMinkowski spacetime, such as the invariance under a commutative group of translations and the ensuing spacetime Fourier representation(the energy−momentum space), but which are no longer available in the presence of a positive cosmological constant, since translationsdo not commute in de Sitter. In order to investigate these problems we first of all wish to study wave packets using the analytic "planewave" basis introduced by us [TC2]. A preliminary investigation indicates that it is possible to reproduce Ruelle's analysis and introduce theusual notion of particle in regions (laboratories) whose linear dimension is small compared with the de Sitter radius whereas the asymptoticbehaviour seems to be radically different, entailing drastic consequences on the notion itself of elementary particle and of the latter'sstability. A second important issue is the study of diffusion amplitudes in position space, which the absence of commutativity makestechnically very difficult (e.g. one does not have conservation of energy−momentum). We expect significant differences compared to theMinkowskian case which may be physically important, given the by now commonly accepted existence of a nonvanishing cosmologicalconstant (CO).6) A duality between de Sitter space and conformal field theories has been recently conjectured (dS/CFT correspondence). Thiscorrespondence would would permit the microscopic counting of degrees of freedom of the entropyassociated with the de Sitter horizons via a generalized Cardy formula. The three−dimensional de Sitter space will be investigated, makinguse of the known result that the dual conformal field theory is a Liouville theory. The higher dimensional de Sitter case, where little isknown, is also of interest (TN).

C) GENERAL THEORY

As for general theory, we shall mostly focus on noncommutativity and its possible phenomenological aspects.A minimum length can be introduced in the fabric of spacetime by assuming that the coordinates are noncommuting operators rather thancommuting numbers. However, a noncommutative field theory is not defined in terms of noncommuting coordinates, but rather in terms ofanoncommuting product, say the Moyal product, between functions of ordinary commuting coordinates. While mathematically sound, thisapproach suffers from severe technical problems like the breaking of Lorentz symmetry and the loss of unitarity at the quantum level. Inalternative to the Moyal *−product approach, we recently proposed atwo−dimensional model, i.e. a quantum field theory on a noncommutative plane, formulated in terms of coherent states of thenoncommutative coordinates. We found a Feynman propagator exponentially damped at high energy, with thenoncommutative parameter theta playing the role of ultraviolet cutoff. We propose to extend our approach to higher dimensions by meansof "minimum uncertainty'' states replacing the two−dimensional coherent states of the noncommutative plane. The hope is that theresultingeffective quantum field theory will be ultraviolet finite and Lorentz invariant (TS).Such a quantum field theory will then be employed to study topics of phenomenological interest, such as the cosmological constant andcurved spacetime effects, and high precision measurements in QED (TS, BO).Further investigations, involving spacetime causality and the Lorentzian non commutative geometry will also be carried out (TN).Lastly, general relativistic shells have been useful models in many astrophysical/cosmological situations. Their description in terms ofIsrael's junction conditions solves the problem of their classical dynamics, but still open is the quest to understand their quantumproperties. In this context models are being developed which have a consistent quantum description of such a gravitational system (TS).

C) FINANZIAMENTI GLOBALI AVUTI NEGLI ANNI PRECEDENTI In kEuro

Annofinanziario

Missioniinterne

InvitiMissioniestere

Materiale diconsumo

Trasporti efacchinaggi

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1995199619971998199920002001200220032004

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0,50,51,01,01,01,55,07,07,05,0

1,01,0

1,51,53,01,53,01,5

3,64,65,15,15,07,2

13,010,510,513,0

5,16,16,16,17,5

10,221,019,020,519,5

29,5 14,0 77,6 121,1

Mod EC. 5 (a cura del rappresentante nazionale)





PREVISIONE DI SPESA

Piano finanziario globale di spesa

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ANNIFINANZIARI

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Materialedi

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TOTALECompet.

20052006

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16,017,0

18,018,0

39,040,0

73,075,0

33,036,0 79,0 0,0 0,0 0,0 0,0 0,0 148,0



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COMPOSIZIONE DEL GRUPPO DI RICERCA

N RICERCATORECognome e Nome

QualificaAffer.

algruppo

% NTECNOLOGI

Cognome e Nome

Qualifica

%Dipendenti Incarichi Dipendenti Incarichi

Ruolo Art. 23 Ricerca Assoc. Ruolo Art. 23Ass.

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Garattini Remo Gorini Vittorio Lunari Andrea Moschella Ugo

P.O.R.U.

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4444

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Numero totale dei Tecnologi Tecnologi Full Time Equivalent

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Ruolo Art. 15Collab.tecnica

Assoc. tecnica

Numero totale dei ricercatori Ricercatori Full Time Equivalent

44

Numero totale dei Tecnici Tecnici Full Time Equivalent

00

SERVIZI TECNICI Annotazioni:

Denominazione mesi−uomo

Osservazioni del direttore della struttura in merito alladisponibilità di personale e attrezzature






MILESTONES PROPOSTE PER IL 2005Data

completamento Descrizione





Rapp. Naz.: Michele CAFFO

Rappresentante nazionale: Michele CAFFOStruttura di appartenenza: BOPosizione nell'I.N.F.N.:


Linea di ricerca

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dal laboratorio

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Università Bologna, Università Milano, Università della Slesia Katowice (PL), Università di Parma, Universitàdi Los Angeles California (USA), Università di Milano, Università di Friburgo (D), Università di Zurigo (CH),Università di Durham (UK), Università di Roma 1, Università di Roma 3, Università di Pavia

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Resp. loc.: M. Pernici


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G. Weiglein (staff all'IPPP di Durham, UK), collaborazione gia` in corso con visite edinvito nel 2004.

R. Bonciani (postdoc Univ. di Freiburg, D), collaborazione gia` in corso, vedipubblicazioni 2004.

1,0

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caricodi altriEnti

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3,01,5

1,51,5

7,03,5

11,56,5

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4,5 3,0 10,5 18,0







A) ATTIVITA' SVOLTA FINO A GIUGNO 2004per l'attività svolta vedi l'attività prevista.

B) ATTIVITA' PREVISTA PER L'ANNO 2005RADIATIVE CORRECTIONS CALCULATIONS IN GAUGE THEORIES.

Radiative corrections calculations are today usually organized through the integration by part identities and master integrals (Tkachov andChetyrkin).

In this frame the method of differential equations for the calculation of master integrals was proposed and developed inside thiscollaboration and largely spreadout. The integration by part identities are used for obtaining a linear system of first order differential equations for the master integralsthemselves, which is then used for the numerical evaluation of the master integrals, as well as for investigating their analytic properties,such as the asymptotic and threshold behaviors and the corresponding expansions.To obtain precise numerical solutions from the system of linear differential equations the advancing solution Runge−Kutta method is used.Also a difference equation method at 'arbitrary precision' has been developed.When possible, analytic solution is achieved in terms of a newly introduced family of functions, called Harmonic Polylogarithms.

The discussed method is expected and verified to work in several cases of multi−leg, multi−loop amplitudes and a constructivedevelopment is under way.

An algebraic computerized method for the generation of the algebraic solution of the system of equations provided by the integration bypart identities is implemented via the 'Laporta algorithm'.

Some results already obtained and/or still under study are reported in the following.

Analytic investigations of the properties of some master integrals of the general massive 2−loop self−mass for arbitrary externalmomentum and their precise numericalevaluation by the advancing solution method of Runge−Kutta.

Precise numerical evaluation of the epsilon−expanded contributions to the electron anomaly from 3−loop and 4−loop diagrams bydifference equation method.

Analytical calculations of 2−loop, 3−loop and 4−loop sunrise graph in particular kinematic configurations and for 2−loop equal mass case.

Analytical calculation of 2−loop vertex form factors in QED.

Analytical calculation of planar box diagram for the (n(f) = 1) 2−loop QED virtual corrections to Bhabha scattering and its differential crosssection.

Analytical calculations of 2−loop QCD planar and non−planar box diagrams for the process e+ e− −> 3 jets.

Analytical calculation of the master integrals for the 2−loop QCD virtual corrections to the forward backward asymmetry.

Analytical calculation of 2−loop QCD corrections to the heavy quark form−factors from the vector contributions.

The EW radiative corrections at 2−loop for the process gluon−gluon−>Higgs.

Study of the contributions to the gluon fusion in the MSSM.

Calculation of the gluon−fusion at 1−loop, with non vanishing m_top, with NLO−resummation of logarithms of 1/x for small x.

Calculation at O(alpha) of the Drell−Yan process, complete of the parton−shower QED radiation.

The seminaive dimensional regularization scheme has been proposed; it leads to fewer spurious anomalies than theBreitenlohner−Maison−`t Hooft−Veltman scheme and could be useful in higher loop electroweak computations.


Annofinanziario

Missioniinterne


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Spese dicalcolo



1998199920002001200220032004

TOTALE

1,01,02,03,54,04,55,5

3,03,03,03,04,5

4,5

4,15,68,24,56,5

12,011,5

8,19,6

13,211,015,016,521,5

21,5 21,0 52,4 94,9






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In KEuro

ANNIFINANZIARI

Missioniinterne


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TOTALECompet.

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TOTALI

4,5 3,0 10,5 18,0

4,5 3,0 10,5 0,0 0,0 0,0 0,0 0,0 18,0



StrutturaMI





QualificaAffer.

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Tecnol. 123

Morisi Stefano Pernici Mario Vicini Alessandro

I RicDott.

AsRic

444

10050100


00

NTECNICI

Cognome e Nome



Assoc. tecnica


32.5


00







Codice Esperimento GruppoCT51 4

Rapp. Naz.: BALDO Marcello

Rappresentante nazionale: BALDO MarcelloStruttura di appartenenza: CTPosizione nell'I.N.F.N.:


Linea di ricerca

Materia nucleare



dal laboratorio

Acceleratore usato

CT51

Fascio(sigla e

caratteristiche)


"Equazioni di stato della materia nucleare;Struttura delle stelle di neutroni; StrangeQuark Matter; Binarie a raggi X"

Apparatostrumentale

utilizzato


Catania, Pisa, Milano


Università di Lisbona, Università di Shangai,Universotà di Liegi, Università di Grenoble,Kurchatov Institute (Mosca, Russia), IUCAA(Pune, India), Azed. Physics Centre (Calcutta,India), Università di Amsterdam, GSFC/NASA(USA)

Durata esperimento


StrutturaMI


Resp. loc.: Pierre Pizzochero


VOCIDI




SJ di cui SJ Missioni interne nell'ambito della collaborazione SNNS (Astrofisica nucleare di oggettistellari compatti: SuperNovae and neutron Stars)

2,0

2,0

Missioni estere nell'ambito della collaborazione SNNS (Astrofisica nucleare di oggettistellari compatti: SuperNovae and neutron Stars)

4,0

4,0






StrutturaMI










In KEuro

Struttura


caricodi altriEnti

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SJ

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SJ

Missioniestere

SJ

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SJ

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SJ

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SJ

CTMIPI

TOTALI

7,02,02,5

5,0

1,0

10,04,03,0

22,06,06,5

0,00,00,0

11,5 6,0 17,0 34,5








B) ATTIVITA' PREVISTA PER L'ANNO 2005COMPACT STELLAR OBJECTS AND DENSE HADRONIC MATTER

Binary and isolated neutron stars (NS), as well assupernovae collapses, are a testing ground for theexisting theories of high density matter. On the other hand,fundamental processes, like gravitational waves orgamma−ray bursts, can be involved in the dynamics of these objects (e.g. merging of neutron star binaries). Different signals coming fromthe observational data can be confronted with the predictions based on theoriesof dense hadronic matter. The project is aimed to the extensive analysis of neutron star structure, and related objects, and the possiblesignals which could reveal the composition and properties of their interior.Here in the following we discuss briefly the different subjects to be addressed and the methods to be used in order to finalize the project.

i) Superfluidity of nuclear matter in the interior of NS.

Different types of superfluidity are expected to occur inside NS, both neutron−neutron an proton−proton ones.

a) The crust.In the crust region where neutrons start to drip, a lattice of nuclei and a gas of neutrons coexist. The structure of the nuclei in the lattice, inparticular their Z/N ratio, was calculated in the classical paper by Negele and Vautherin (NV)(Nucl. Phys. A207, 298 (1973)), within thedensity functional method, where no pairing was included. Most of the calculations on pairing in the crust assume the lattice structure ofNV. The Catania team has started a line of research where the pairing is incorporated in the structure calculations. This project is basedon previous works of the group on pairing in non−homogeneous systems [10,19]. This work is already in progress and preliminary resultsindicate a sizable effect of pairing on the crust structure. We plan to perform systematic calculations of the crust structure and pairingproperties and study the possible relevance of these changes on NS observables. The research is in collaboration with Dr. M. Zverev,Prof. E. Saperstein and Prof. S. Tolokonnikov of the Kurchatov Insitute in Moskow.

b) Superfluid vortices, pinning and unpinning.Glitches and glitches recovering are believed to be associated with vortex structure in the crust of NS. The estimate of pinning energy isone of the most intriguing problem in the theory of NS, and it has been the subjectof a series of papers by the team in Milano(Pizzochero and Donati).This problem is associated with the microscopic strucure of a single vortex. Recently this problem has received much attention, withcontraddictory results. The main question is the determination of the density and pairing strength profiles inside the vortex core. We planto study this problem within a semi−classical scheme [9], which was developed previously by the Catania team in collaboration with theKurchatov Institute (E. Saperstein and M. Zverev) for a generic non−homogeneous nuclear system. This scheme allows to includerealistic forces in the pairing treatment.Along the same lines, the Milano team plans toapply a semiclassical approach, to investigate not just the pinning energy, but also the maximum pinning force, a crucial quantity for thetheory of glitches. Furthermore, it is planned to perform a consistent quantum calculation using the Bogolioubov−De Gennes equations,that was adapted to the case of rotations (Donati and Pizzochero, in preparation), to study the vorticous properties of the rotating neutronsuperfluid and the interactions between vortices and nuclear lattice.

On this subject there is a strong connection between thetwo sub−groups in Milano and Catania, and it is expectedthat this strong contact will develop further in the near future.

c) Estimating the superfluid gaps.Nuclear superfluidity is a complex many−body problem and a firm theoretical prediction of the different pairing gaps is still lacking. Thegroup has a well established experience in this subject and plan to develop the theory by including dispersive effects, screeing effects andtrying to exploit the full momentum and energy dependence of the screening kernel. Both 3P2−3F2 neutron channel andthe 1S0 proton channel will be considered, together with the 1S0 neutron channel, which has been the object of extensive studies by thegroup. Particular attentionwill be paid to the possible coexistence of proton and neutron superfluidity, since this can have profound consequences on the rotationalproperties of pulsars (B. Link, PRL 92, 149002 (2004)).

ii) The role of exotic nuclei in the supernova collapse.

Regarding the gravitational collapse of massive stars, a recent Monte Carlo calculation (Dean et al., Phys. Rev. C 66 (2002) 045802) hasconfirmed what was obtained by the Milano team some years ago for the temperature dependence of the nuclear symmetry energy in thepresence of the exotic nuclei expected to appear under these density conditions (Donati et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 72 (1994) 2835). We wantto further explore this issue, closely related to the neutronization processes in the collapsing core and thence to the subsequentsupernova explosion.

iii) Mass and radius of NS and the nuclear Equation of State

The mass−radius relation is characteristic of a given EOS.The maximum mass of NS is also related to the properties of the EOS. While the masses of several NS have been approximatelydetermined, only recently the radius of an isolated neutron star has been determined by the Hubble telescope. In the future more refineddata are expected to come from different satellites.

a) The hadronic EOS.The many−body theory of the nuclear EOS has been developed by the group in the last few years for the nucleonic sector within theBethe−Brueckner−Goldstone approach, with applications to the theory of NS structure."First principle" determination of the three−body forces, within the meson−nucleon theory of nucleon−nucleon interaction, have beendeveloped already by the group. This is the only method which can be extended to the high density relevant for NS. In the interior of NShyperons are expected to appear at densities between two and three timessaturation density. The group plan to extend this treatment of three−body forces to the strange sector. This is a very important issue,since the presence of strange matter can soften considerably the nuclear EOS, shfting the maximum mass even below the observationallimit. It is expected that three−body forces can provide an additionalrepulsive contribution, as in the case of the nucleonic sector, whose amount however is very difficult to predict without a detailed analysisof the microscopic processes.The EOS for beta−stable hyperonic matter has been alsocomputed in the regime of "neutrino trapping", which hasallowed to study the possible evolution of a newborn Neutron Stars (Coll: Pisa − Barcellona). It is planned to extend this study byincluding the temperature and three−body forces effects.

b) The transition to the deconfined phase.One of the most challenging problem in the physics of NS is the possible appearence of a quark−gluon plasma in the NS core and itsinfluence on NS properties. Unfortunately the quark matter EOS at high density and low temperature is not yet determined at the level ofconfidence needed in NS studies. Evidence of a first order phase transition have been found in lattice calculations. Then, considering oneEOS for hadronic matter and one for quark matter, it is possible to trace the position of the expected phase transition. The best thing onecan do is to use different quark matter models and estimate the uncertainity in theresults. In a series of papers the group has followed this line of research. The MIT bag model, the Nambu−Jona Lasinio model and, morerecently, the color dielectric model have been considered, with and without color superconductivity, and, where possible, the parametersof the models were constrained by phenomenology, in particular with CERN andRHIC data on ultra relativistic heavy ion collisions.The overall conclusion of this analysis is that, in any case, the possibility of the phase transition to quark matter is indeed present withinthe typical density range of NS core and that the transition constrains the maximum mass of NS to be below 1.7 solar masses, with minordependence on the quark matter model.Recently lattice calculations (Fodor and Katz, hep−lat/0402006) (FK) have shown evidence for a first order phase transition and that thetransition is determined by the value of the energy density along the transition line in the pressure−chemical potential plane. This was theassumption already used in the analysis by the groupwithin the MIT bag model. In the analysis of FK the hadronic matter was considered in the gas approximation. We want to perform thisanalysis by including the hadronic correlations, which requires to extend our many−body theory to finite temperature. This was alreadydone in previouspapers, but only up to temperatures well below the ones needed in this case. Other lattice calculations at finite baryon density anddecreasing temperature are expected in the near future, and we will pursue this method of matching quark and hadronic EOS. The aim isto to get ultimately, for the first time, a reliable EOS in the whole density range relevant for NS. The extension of the many−body theory tofinite temperature is currently used by our group to study proton−neutron stars as produced at the end of the supernovae collapse (whereneutrino trapping occurs).Recently [20] we have also estimated the critical densityfor the transition to quark matter at zero temperature on the basis of QCD sum rules, and we plan to continue alongthis line.In a longer term, we plan to study in more detail the quark matter properties relevant for NS observables, like cooling, magneticproperties, and so on. Unfortunately it is not yet known if quark matter at the relevant densities is superfluid or not, and which of thevarious possible superfluid phases which have been studied theoretically could be the dominant one. Only a systematic studies of these

phases and their impact on NS properties can eventaually give some hints on the structure of the possible quark matter in the NS core.The Pisa group has proposed a new model for the central engine of GRBs, (Berezhiani et al. 2003), in which an ordinary NS is convertedinto a NS with a quark corethrough a nucleation process within a calculable characterstic time. The model seems to be able to explainthe relation between supernovae and GRB, as deducedfrom phenomenological data (see e.g. Amati el al., Science 290, 2000). It is planned to extend the model by including the effect of colorsuperconductivity in the quark phase.

iv) Neutrino physics in NS.Processes involving neutrinoes are present at different stages of NS hystory.The experience of one component of the group on neutrino−nucleus collisions (Dr. C. Maieron) matches nicely with the experience onnuclear matter theory of other members of the group.

a) In the late cooling stage of small NS, where the direct Urca processes is not active, neutrino emissivity from superfluid nuclear matter isthe key quantity. We plan to study the role of the collective Goldstone bosons on this quantity. Preliminary estimates for the 3P2 phase,by the LBL &Seattle group (Bedaque et al., PRC68, 065802(2003)), indicate the dominance of this degree of freedom. We plan to use themany−body treatment of nuclear superfluidity, already developed by the group, to study this problem, in particular for the 1S0 sector.

b) The neutrino mean free path is a key quantity in the early cooling stage, as well as in the supernovae collapse. We plan to study thisproblem by calculating the nuclear matter response funtion, with particular attention to the region where asymmetric matter undergoes aliquid−gasphase transition. This is a region of instability, which could produce an anomalously small mean free path and a new mechanism forneutrino (re)trapping.

v) Accretion dynamics in neutron star − black holebinaries.

In binary system, where the two partners are a black hole and a NS, accretion dynamics can lead to the "absorption" of the whole NS oronly part of it. This depends on the nuclear EOS, and the two alternatives give drastically different gravitational wave signals. With Prof. S.Rosswog of the International University in Bremen, we started acollaboration to establish the dependence of the scenario on the nuclear EOS. The simulations of the accreting dynamics, developed bythe Bremen group (see e.g.astro−ph/0403500) will be used to predict possible gravitational and gamma−ray signals on the basis of different EOS.

vi) Oscillations in neutron stars.

The spectrum and properties of neutron star vibrations,as well as of their damping, will be studied in relation with the properties of dense matter EOS, in particular with the possible onset of thequark phase. This research, already in progress, is in collaboration with Prof. Vadim Urpin, Senior Research Scientist at the Departmentof Theoretical Astrpophysics Ioffe Physico−Technical Institutein St. Petersburg.


Annofinanziario

Missioniinterne


Materiale diconsumo


Spese dicalcolo

Affitti emanutenz.


2004

TOTALE






PREVISIONE DI SPESA


In KEuro

ANNIFINANZIARI

Missioniinterne


Materialedi

consumo


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Affitti emanutenz.


TOTALECompet.

2005

TOTALI

11,5 6,0 17,0 34,5

11,5 6,0 17,0 0,0 0,0 0,0 0,0 0,0 34,5



StrutturaMI





QualificaAffer.

algruppo

% NTECNOLOGI

Cognome e Nome

Qualifica



Tecnol. 12

Donati Paola Pizzochero Pierre P.A.

Bors. 44

100100 Numero totale dei Tecnologi

Tecnologi Full Time Equivalent00

NTECNICI

Cognome e Nome



Assoc. tecnica


22


00







Codice Esperimento GruppoFA51 4

Rapp. Naz.: Fogli Gianluigi

Rappresentante nazionale: Fogli GianluigiStruttura di appartenenza: BAPosizione nell'I.N.F.N.:


Linea di ricerca

Fisica astroparticellare



dal laboratorio

FA51

Acceleratore usato

Fascio(sigla e

caratteristiche)


Neutrini in Fisica, Astrofisica e Cosmologia. Fisica Nucleare e Subnucleare nell'universo primordiale. Materiaoscura, energia oscura e strutture cosmiche. Sorgenti astrofisiche di radiazione.

Apparatostrumentale

utilizzato


BA, CA, FE, LE, LNF, LNGS, MI, NA, PD, PI, PV, RM1, TO, TS


IAS Princeton, CERN, U. of Mississippi, ITP Zurich, Quaid Univ. (Islamabad), ITEP (Moskow), CampinasUniv. (Brasile), INR (Moskow), Univ. Minsk, Ukranian Observatory, New Mexico State University, InstitutAstrophysik Potsdam, LAPP−TH (France), JINR (Dubna), IFIC (Valencia), Laboratorio de Fisica Nuclear yAltas Energias (Zaragoza), Niigata University, Korea Institute for Advanced Study

Durata esperimento



StrutturaMI


Resp. loc.: S. Bonometto


VOCIDI




SJ di cui SJ Missioni e partecipazione a convegni nazionali 10,0

10,0

Inviti A. Klypin, S. Gottlober, G. Yepez La collaborazione col prof. S.Gottlober, inparticolare, ci rende possibile l'uso del supercomputer ITACHI di Monaco, evitandocirichieste impegantive di calc

5,0

5,0

Missioni estero e partecipazione a convegni internazionali. 15,0

15,0






StrutturaMI










In KEuro

Struttura


caricodi altriEnti

Missioniinterne

SJ

Inviti

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SJ

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SJ

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TOTALECompet.

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BACAFELELNFLNGSMINAPDPIPVRM1TOTS

TOTALI

10,06,59,04,00,52,0

10,07,03,01,51,51,06,04,0

3,06,01,05,05,01,02,0

5,52,0

22,07,5

18,010,0

1,54,0

15,013,011,0

3,53,51,5

12,010,0

32,014,030,020,0

3,011,030,021,016,0

5,05,02,5

23,516,0

0,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,0

66,0 30,5 132,5 229,0








B) ATTIVITA' PREVISTA PER L'ANNO 2005The goal of the present research program is to undertake a vast and diversified activity in “Astroparticle Physics”, a recent field of particlephysics involving those phenomenological and theoretical aspects of nuclear and subnuclear physics which are relevant for astrophysicsand cosmology. This field is in a state of rapid evolution, both for the increased ability in observing phenomena of interest for particlephysics and astrophysics, and for the enormous impact on fundamental questions. In particular, almost all the modern indications for newphysics and for emerging “new paradigms” (e.g., dark matter and dark energy, neutrino masses, bariogenesis, inflationary models, ultrahigh energy cosmic rays) find their natural place in the field of astroparticle physics. The fundamental objective is thus to contribute in aqualified and significant way to the scientific development – both theoretical and phenomenological – of this important research field.

In this variegated field there is a widely recognized need for a deeper exchange of knowledge and ideas, for a better organizedmanagement of the research activity, and for a more effective participation of young researchers and students. The above considerationsjustify the attempt to form a more solid collaboration among research units that, though belonging to different institutions, have alreadybeen engaged for several years in this branch of physics, so as to increase their scientific potential within a common and well formulatedresearch project. It is worth stressing that a large part of the research topics are common to all units, and that a specific collaborationalready exists between some of them. It is also worth mentioning that the impressive research activity of the various research units in thelast few years is testified by a large number of (often highly cited) publications in leading refereed journals, by many invited talks in majorconferences in Italy and abroad, and by the organization of several workshops and schools in astroparticle physics. This deeply−rootedactivity provides a solid scientific basis for the research project in astroparticle physics.

In the other sections of this document, we describe the main guidelines of the activity currently carried out in the various units belonging tothis project. Here we simply idenitify and describe four main topics (A, B, C, D) of major scientific and cultural interest for our project.

A) NEUTRINOS IN PHYSICS, ASTROPHYSICS AND COSMOLOGY

This field, which is of great interest for all the units, has concerned a large fraction of the total scientific productions from the various groupsin the last few years. Results of high relevance have been achieved in the analysis of flavour oscillations and of absolute mass constraintsof neutrinos produced in terrestrial or astrophysical environments. This is an extremely wide research field, strongly linked with the otherthree research topics, and involving many unsolved theoretical problems, as well as many experiments in progress or proposed.Undoubtedly, neutrino physics and astrophysics, both standard (masses and mixings) and nonstandard (new states, new interactions) willcontinue to be a rich research field in the next years. The following research topics can be sketched:

• Solar neutrino physics, stellar astrophysics, and related cross sections• Physics of atmospheric and (long−baseline) accelerator neutrinos• Interpretation of observations of reactor antineutrinos and geoneutrinos• Properties of neutrinos of astrophysical origin (supernovae, nucleosynthesis)• Theoretical aspects of neutrino oscillations in vacuum and matter• Global phenomenological analyses of neutrino oscillations• Absolute neutrino masses: laboratory and cosmological constraints• Theoretical models for neutrino (and other fermion) mass matrices• Open problems: Mass hierarchy, mixing 1−3, CP phase• New physics: sterile neutrinos, magnetic moments, nonstandard interactions

B) NUCLEAR AND SUBNUCLEAR PHYSICS IN THE EARLY UNIVERSE

Within our project, the study of the behaviour of matter and space−time in the extreme conditions characterizing the early universe hasconcerned a wide spectrum of important theoretical researches, ranging from string and brane cosmology to the study of hadronic matterin complex and high−density environments, from the cosmological implications of supersymmetry to CP violation effects, from inflationarymodels to the primordial generation of nuclei, magnetic fields, and possible topological defects. The early universe is – and will continue tobe – a privileged laboratory to test the most advanced physical theories of matter and space−time, especially considering the probableobservational improvements that can be expected in this field. The main topics are:

• String, brane, and extra−dimension cosmology• Extended theories of gravitation and cosmology• Time variation of fundamental parameters• Supersymmetry and its cosmological implications• CP violation, baryogenesis and leptogenesis• Magnetic fields, topological defects, and phase transitions in the early universe• Big bang nucleosynthesis and related cross sections• Compact quark stars, hadronic physics of astrophysical interest

C) DARK MATTER, DARK ENERGY AND AND COSMIC STRUCTURES

The problems set by the existence of dark matter and dark energy are so important that they have reached the general public. In this field,several units have achieved very relevant results in the theory and phenomenology of the particle candidates of dark matter (neutralinos,WIMPs, baryonic mirror matter), in the dynamical characterization of the possible scalar fields associated to dark energy, and in their linkswith the formation of large scale structures. In this field, the mere existence of two gigantic unsolved problems (dark matter and darkenergy) guarantees, by itself, the importance of this research topic in the next future. Main topics of this sector:

• Dark matter: supersymmetric and mirror models• Direct and indirect signatures of particle dark matter• Search of dark matter through gravitational lensing• Dark matter and its (de)coupling with dark energy• Dark energy: scalar field potentials and their physics• Linear and nonlinear dark energy dynamics• Cosmic background radiation (CMBR)• Galaxy formation and particle physics• Cosmic structures and field theory models• Deep galaxy samples and cosmic components

D) ASTROPHYSICAL SOURCES OF RADIATION

The astrophysical phenomena associated to extremely high energy are generally poorly understood. Among them, particular interest hasbeen devoted to supernovae, to compact quark stars, to gamma ray bursts (origin, relation with supernovae) and to ultra high energycosmic rays (origin, propagation, detection). Also in this case, the increasing theoretical interest and the new observations which willbecome possible in the next decade guarantee a high level of scientific interest for this research topic. Main topics:

• Nuclear reactions and stars evolution• Supernovae and particle physics• Ultra high energy cosmic rays: origin and propagation• Ultra high energy cosmic rays: detection and interpretation• Gamma ray bursts: theoretical and phenomenological aspects• Gamma ray bursts and their relation with supernovae

Among the above topics, several are of common interest for various research groups. Within the proposed project, we intend to strengthenand widen the existing collaborations among research units, as well as between them and other institutions in Italy and abroad, and withsome experimental groups. For such reason, particular attention will be paid to the mobility of all researchers, to the support of youngstudents through grants and fellowships, to the education and exchange of ideas through national and international schools, workshops,and conferences. These synergies will allow the strengthening of a scientific activity which, as documented in the following, is already ofvery high quality and impact within the international scientific community.


Annofinanziario

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Materiale diconsumo


Spese dicalcolo



1993199419951996199719981999200020022004

22,726,834,039,233,526,826,334,849,5

7,217,013,0

31,537,142,349,054,246,964,572,390,5

8,7

3,0

54,263,976,388,287,782,498,0

124,1156,0

TOTALE 293,6 37,2 488,3 11,7 830,8






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TOTALI

66,0 30,5 132,5 229,0

66,030,5 132,5 0,0 0,0 0,0 0,0 0,0 229,0



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QualificaAffer.

algruppo

% NTECNOLOGI

Cognome e Nome

Qualifica


Ruolo Art. 23 RicercaAssoc. Ruolo Art. 23Ass.

Tecnol. 1234

Bonometto Silvio Colombo Loris Pierluigi Maccio' Andrea Mainini Roberto

P.O.Dott.Dott.AsRic

4444

100100100100


00

NTECNICI

Cognome e Nome



Assoc.tecnica


44


00







Codice Esperimento GruppoFB11 4

Rapp. Naz.: Michele CaselleRappresentante nazionale: Michele CaselleStruttura di appartenenza: TOPosizione nell'I.N.F.N.:

PROGRAMMA DI RICERCA

A) INFORMAZIONI GENERALI

Linea di ricercaStudio delle applicazioni di metodi di fisica teorica alla biologia


Sigla delloesperimento assegnata dallaboratorio

Acceleratore usato

Fascio(sigla e caratteristiche)


Apparato strumentaleutilizzato


TO−ROMA2−MI−BO−FI−BA−PR−PD−CT−FE−PV

Istituzioni esterne all'Entepartecipante

Durata esperimento

B) SCALA DEI TEMPI : piano di svolgimento

PERIODO ATTIVITA' PREVISTA

Mod EN. 1 (a cura del responsabile nazionale)

mailto:


StrutturaMI


Resp. loc.: Destri Claudio


VOCIDI




SJ di cui SJ Viaggi per collaborazioni di ricerca e partecipazione ad incontri e convegni 4,0

4,0

viaggi all'estero per collaborazioni di ricerca e partecipazione a conferenzeinternazionali

7,0

7,0






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Rapp. Naz.: Michele Caselle


In KEuro

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caricodi altriEnti

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BABOCTFIMIPDPRRM2TO

TOTALI

4,51,55,02,04,02,02,02,02,0

1,0

2,0

9,54,05,06,57,06,03,54,05,0

14,05,5

10,09,5

11,010,0

5,56,07,0

0,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,0

25,0 3,0 50,5 78,5




Nuovo esperimento GruppoFB11 4

PROPOSTA DI NUOVO ESPERIMENTO

Negli ultimi anni si e' assistito ad un sempre maggiore utilizzodei metodi e degli approcci tipici della fisica teoricain altri ambiti scientifici ed in particolare in biologia.L'attitudine alla modellizzazione (tipica della meccanica statistica edella teorie dei campi quantistica) accompagnata dall'uso di metodi disimulazione numerica sofisticati si e' mostrata di grandissima utilita' perstudiare sistemi caratterizzati da un gran numero di gradi diliberta'. La nostra iniziativa si inserisce in questo ambito. La nostraattivita' di ricerca si concentra principalmente in tre direzioni:1] Uso di metodi numerici (dinamica molecolare e metodi montecarlo) per lostudio di interazioni tra proteine e per la dinamica del folding2] Uso di metodi di teoria dei grafi per lo studio di network biologici3] Uso di metodi tipici della meccanica statistica dei sistemi complessi per lostudio di vari problemi di interesse per la biologia e la genomica quali adesempio:− la regolazione dell'espressione genica− la risposta del sistema immunitario in presenza di stimoli esterni− la flessibilita' di strutture macromolecolari (DNA o proteine)

Mod EN. 5 Pagina 1 di 2 (a cura del rappresentante nazionale)


Nuovo esperimento GruppoFB11 4







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Amatori Andrea Bassetti Bruno Broglia Ricardo Butera Paolo Destri Claudio Marchesini Giuseppe Miccio Concetta Moroni Elisabetta Provasi Davide Rapuano Federico Simona Fabio Tiana Guido

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2005 miglioramento nella comprensione della regolazione genica.




Codice Esperimento GruppoGE41 4

Rapp. Naz.: E. BELTRAMETTI

Rappresentante nazionale:E. BELTRAMETTIStruttura di appartenenza: GEPosizione nell'I.N.F.N.:


Linea di ricerca

PROBLEMI MATEMATICI DELLA MECCANICA QUANTISTICA



dal laboratorio

GE41

Acceleratore usato

Fascio(sigla e

caratteristiche)


Apparatostrumentale

utilizzato


BARI, COSENZA, GENOVA, LECCE, MILANO, PAVIA, TRIESTE


Durata esperimento BIENNALE



StrutturaMI


Resp. loc.: L. Lanz


VOCIDI




SJ di cui SJ Missioni e congressi 2,0

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1 K euro per un invito al Prof. A. S. Holevo (Steklov Mathematical Institute, Russia) perun periodo di 7 giorni. Il Prof. Holevo collabora con Lanz e Vacchini da diversi anni.

1 K euro per un invito di 7 giorni del Prof. F. Petruccione (Universita' di KwaZulu−Natal,Durban, Sud Africa). E' in corso da circa un anno una collaborazione scientifica conLanz e Vacchini.

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A) ATTIVITA' SVOLTA FINO A GIUGNO 2004Una delle tematiche unificanti della nostra Iniziativa specifica è lo studio degli aspetti teorici ed applicativi della computazione quantistica.Tale tema e' presente anche in altre iniziative specifiche (quali MI41, NA41, PG12). Al fine di ricercare e valorizzare ogni possibilecomplementarita' e' parso opportuno avviare uno sforzo di coordinamento tra le ricerche condotte nel settore presso le IniziativeSpecifiche coinvolte. Tale coordinamento e' particolarmente inteso ad offrire elementi di informazione utili per meglio definire il ruolodell'INFN in un tema di ricerca su cui si sta accentrando un grande e crescente interesse internazionale e che promette rilevantiapplicazioni.

I principali risultati ottenuti possono essere sintetizzati nei seguenti punti.1) Abbiamo studiato il problema della decoerenza quantistica e dell' "entanglement" nell'ambito dei processi dissipativi e in quello dellateoria quantistica del non equilibrio con particolare attenzione al caso delle porte logiche quantistiche.2) Abbiamo studiato leggi di evoluzione temporale in meccanica quantistica non relativistica, quali l'effetto Zeno quantistico, il motoBrowniano quantistico, le dinamiche di sistemi termodinamici di non equilibrio, le equazioni differenziali stocastiche in modelli di riduzionedinamica.3) Abbiamo caratterizzato la struttura delle misure a valori negli operatori positivi covarianti rispetto a gruppi di interesse in MeccanicaQuantistica e teoria dei segnali.4) Abbiamo completato lo studio del formalismo operatoriale di Koopman e Von Neumann per la meccanica classica, con particolareattenzione al caso delle forme rappresentate come variabili grassmanniane.5) Abbiamo affrontato alcune questioni interpretative della Meccanica Quantistica quali la generalizzazione della teoria classica dellaprobabilita' al fine di includere gliaspetti tipici della meccanica quantistica, l'estensione della teoria di Bohm−Bell a processi di creazione e distruzione ed il limite classicodella stessa, l'elaborazione di un modello probabilistico elementare nel quadro del Realismo Semantico, l'estensione al caso relativisticodi processi stocastici di localizzazione spontanea e riduzione dinamica, l'emergenza delle inferenze contrarie nell'ambito della teoria dellestorie quantistiche.

B) ATTIVITA' PREVISTA PER L'ANNO 2005Our research program concerns the development of physically non−ambiguous and mathematically precise formulation of quantummechanics. In particular, we shall focus our investigations on three main themes:1. Description and properties of non−unitary dynamics2. Methods of quantization and symmetries3. Problems of foundation and interpretation.

We briefly describe the goals of our research under these three topics.

1. The study and the control of non−unitary dynamical evolution for applications to quantum computation and interference from severalpoints of view:− the notion of "Zeno subspaces";− the Limblad theory of dissipative quantum semigroups;− the theory of stochastic differential equations in Hilbert spaces;− the theory of quantum Brownian motion;− models of spontaneous wave function collapse;− "quantum trajectories method", which uses concepts and techniques of the Bohmian version of quantum mechanics.2. The study of parastatistics in the framework of Bohmian mechanics, the study of the theory of representations of super Lie groups andof super Harish−Chandra pairs with applications to supersymmetry and the geometric quantization based on functional techniques and onthe introduction of two Grassmanian partners for systems with infinite degrees of freedom.3. The discussion and interpretation of the properties of entangled states in operationalprobability theory, Semantic Realism, GRW theory of spontaneous localization and Bohmian mechanics.


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3,54,05,52,5

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Barchielli Alberto Belgiorno Francesco Lanz Ludovico Lupieri Giancarlo Vacchini Bassano

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31/12/2005 classificazione delle rappresentazioni irriducibili del supergruppo di Poincarè

31/12/2005 controllo della decoerenza con applicazioni alla computazione quantisticarisoluzione dell'equazione di Schroedinger stocastica per l'oscillatore armonico e l'atomo diidrogeno

31/12/2005 Progettazione di un insieme universale di porte logiche olonomiche in dispositivi a semiconduttore che siano robusterispetto al rumore

31/12/2005 correzioni quantistiche a bassa temperatura e ai processi stocastici descriventi la dinamica di un microsistemainteragente con un sistema macroscopico




Codice Esperimento GruppoMI11 4

Rapp. Naz.: Onofri Enrico

Rappresentante nazionale: Onofri EnricoStruttura di appartenenza: PRPosizione nell'I.N.F.N.:


Linea di ricerca

Lattice Field Theory and Computational Particle Physics



dal laboratorio

Acceleratore usato

Fascio(sigla e

caratteristiche)


Struttura di fase della QCD a temperatura e densita' finite con metodi di reticolo.Difetti topologici in astrofisicae teorie di campo

Apparatostrumentale

utilizzato


FE, GE, LNF, MI, PR


Durata esperimento



StrutturaMI


Resp. loc.: Roberto frezzotti


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SJ di cui SJ Missioni interne per collaborazione scientifica con gli altri partecipanti all'Iniziativaspecifica; partecipazione a convegni nazionali.

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Hector De Vega, Université de Paris VI, un mese Michele Della Morte, Berlin, un mese 3,0

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A) ATTIVITA' SVOLTA FINO A GIUGNO 2004per l'attività svolta vedi attività prevista.

B) ATTIVITA' PREVISTA PER L'ANNO 2005MI11

Lattice Field Theory and Computational Particle Physics

This research program in Lattice Field Theory and Computational Particle Physics started in 2001 as a collaboration among researchersfrom Ferrara, Milano, Parma, Genova and the National Laboratories in Frascati. We plan to continue the collaboration in 2005. Our goal isto develop the best possible theoretical tools and computational methods to be applied to non−perturbative QCD, to statistical mechanicsand to other interesting problems, like turbulent dynamics. The programs are usually run on the most competitive computing facilities, likethe available APE1000 units in Milano, a number of PC clusters designed and assembled by the collaboration (Milano, Parma, Ferrara),and in the near future on the first units of APE/next which will allow for a substantial boost in computing power and will significantly cutcomputing time. Most members of the collaboration have been or are still now actively contribute to the development of the APE project.

Last year work was focused on new lattice formulationsof QCD (Milano, Parma), Stochastic perturbation theory (Parma), Supersymmetry on the lattice (Parma), QCD at nonzero temperature anddensity (Milano, Genova, Frascati), thermal field theory out of equilibrium (Milano, Parma), Spin models (Milano), Turbulence (Ferrara).

Here are some of the results achieved in the course of the last twelve months:

−− first exploration of a formulation of QCD on an anisotropic lattice in 2+2 dimensions, showing the feasibility of an efficient full dynamicalcalculation

−− a formulation of the Wess−Zumino model on the lattice exhibiting an exact chiral and lattice supersymmetry, based on theGinsparg−Wilson relation and suitable for a MonteCarlo approach

−− determination of the phase structure of a class of two dimensional Wess−Zumino models (supersymmetry breaking) based i) onrigorous lower bounds on the ground state energy density in the infinite−lattice limit and ii) on large−scale Green Function Monte Carlosimulations.

−− NNLO computation of the residual mass of the Lattice formulation of Heavy Quark Effective Theory for the (unquenched) N_f=2 caseby the application of our numerical stochastic perturbation theory technique.

−− a new method, known as twisted−mass−QCD, using Wilson fermions, which systematically cancels leading cutoff effects that arise inon−shell quantities. The method has been tested and has received a strong numerical validation.

−− a detailed numerical study of the long time dynamics of the classical phi^4 model in 1+1 dimension, providing strong quantitativeevidence for thermalization at long wavelengths with a time−dependent temperature

−− estimates of critical parameters and amplitudes have been obtained with high accuracy for the general spin S Ising model on two− andthree−dimensional lattices, allowing for precise checks of scaling and universality properties.

−− study of the statistical properties of thermal convection in the turbulent regime, with the determination of the scaling properties of

velocity and temperature correlation functions.

−− study of four flavor QCD at nonzero temperature and chemical potential, including the determination of the critical line as well as theanalysis of the hadronic phase, and of the high temperature phase.

−− the determination of the mass spectrum and levelordering in the scalar sector of two color QCD at lowtemperature and high density.

−− the correlation of confinement and chiral symmetry at nonzero temperature and baryon density observed either in two and three colorQCD.

=====================

Research program for 2005

We plan

−−− to study in detail the feasibility of large scale simulations of twisted mass LQCD with two light quark flavours (up and down), andpossibly evaluate some low−energy constants of the N_f=2 QCD chiral effective Lagrangian (project also relevant for the non−perturbativedetermination of the Lambda parameter and the quark masses, to be later extended to the theory with active up, down, strange and charmflavours).

−−− to formulate and possibly test in the quenched approximation an extension of twisted mass LQCD that is designed to reconcile theproperties of computational economicity, algorithmic robustness and no O(a) cutoff effects with the requirement of simple renormalizationproperties for the CP−conserving weak effective Hammiltonian. First benchmarks should be the computation of B_K (bag parameter ofK0−−antiK0 mixing) and the amplitudes relevant for the "DeltaI=1/2 rule".

−−− to continue numerical and analytical studies of the thermalization process in field theoretical models of fundamental physics. This isrelevant per se, as a basic conceptual issue, as well as in view of applications to early cosmology (e.g. reheating and thermalization at theend of the inflationary era) and to present days experiments such as heavy ion collisions.

−−− to continue our work on the automated derivation and the analysis of high temperature expansions (equivalently strong couplingexpansions) relevant for the study of critical properties of spin systems (equivalently scalar field theories on a lattice).

−−− to study the universality properties of turbulence, i.e. independence of the forcing mechanims, at scales much smaller than the forcingscale. This problem has already been analyzed through the behaviour of the correlation functions of the velocity field, after projection onSO(3) eigenstates.

−− to derive a Ward identity for the lattice N=1 Wess−Zumino model using Ginsparg−Wilson fermions without fine tuning.

−− to extend our previous study to the N=2 case. We also plan to simulate N=1 Wess−Zumino model using overlap fermions in twodimensions and look for Ward identities both in numerically and in lattice perturbation theory (at lest to one loop order).

−− to refine the phase structure of N=1 Wess−Zumino model by improving the statistics of lattice simulations

−− to investigate various fermionic lattice regularizations for QCD, by computing renormalization constants for Wilson fermions (improved àla SW) in the case of four fermions operators

−− to apply the stochastic method to overlap fermions and to twisted−mass QCD

−− to compute perturbative expansion of QCD observables around a topological non−trivial background, a task for which the stochasticmethod appears well suited.

−−− to continue our work on strong interactions at nonzero temperature and density: in four flavor QCD we will extend our results in thehigh temperature regime,including the strong interacting quark gluon plasma, andrelated critical phenomena, in two color QCD we will complete our spectrum analysis and study the properties of the gauge fields in thelight of recently proposed random matrix models.

−−− to start large scale simulations of QCD at non zerotemperature and baryon density in the physical case oftwo light plus one marginal flavor by implementing ourimaginary chemical potential approach. Special attention will be payed to the validation of simpler field theoretic models by cross checkswith numerical results, in view of applications to non equilibrium thermalisation processes.

Notice that finer details on the project will be found in each site's program.

=====================================================

Computing Facilitities

The kind of investigations that the collaboration is pursuing requires strong computing support. We will make use of the following facilities:

i) an APE1000 machine, capable of 120 GFlops/peak, installed in Milano Bicocca and operative since 2003;

ii) an APE/Quadrics100 with a large physical memory, installed in Parma;

iii) PC clusters (Milano, Parma) which can be used as mid−size computing facilities

iv) starting at the end of 2004 or early 2005, a new APE machine will be available to the collaboration; this will be an APE/next machinewith a peak rate around the TFlops scale.

======================================================Scientific background

The list of publications available on the CSN4 web page refers to the period 2002−2003. Here are some previous papers which give abroader idea of the collaboration:

R. Tripiccione, ``APEmille'', Parallel Computing 25 (1999) 1297. Testing fixed points in the 2D O(3) non−linear sigma model Authors: B.Alles (Milano), G. Cella (Pisa), M. Dilaver (Ankara), Y. Gunduc (Ankara), Phys.Rev. D59 (1999) 67703

Four−loop free energy for the 2D O(n) nonlinear sigma−model with 0−loop and 1−loop Symanzik improved actions Authors: B. Alles, M.Pepe (Milano−Bicocca) Nucl.Phys. B563 (1999) 213−242

P. Butera, M. Comi (Phys. Dept. of Milano Univ.),``Critical specific heats of the N−vector spin models on the sc and the bcc lattices''Phys.Rev. B60 (1999) 6749

P. Butera, M. Comi (Phys. Dept. of Milano Univ.), ``Enumeration of the self−avoiding polygons on a lattice by the Schwinger−Dysonequations'' Ann.Comb. 3 (1999) 277

THE PHMC ALGORITHM FOR SIMULATIONS OF DYNAMICAL FERMIONS. 2. PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS. By Roberto Frezzotti(Munich, Max Planck Inst.), Karl Jansen (CERN). CERN−TH−98−272, MPI−PHT−98−66, Aug 1998. 31pp. Nucl.Phys.B555:432−453,1999

THE PHMC ALGORITHM FOR SIMULATIONS OF DYNAMICAL FERMIONS: 1. DESCRIPTION AND PROPERTIES. By RobertoFrezzotti (Munich, Max Planck Inst.), Karl Jansen (CERN). CERN−TH−98−237, MPI−PHT−98−51, Nucl.Phys.B555:395−431,1999

COMPUTATION OF THE IMPROVEMENT COEFFICIENT C(SW) TO ONE LOOP WITH IMPROVED GLUON ACTIONS. By Sinya Aoki,Roberto Frezzotti, Peter Weisz (Munich, Max Planck Inst.). MPI−PHT−98−48, Aug 1998. 25pp. Nucl.Phys.B540:501−519,1999

ORDERING MONOMIAL FACTORS OF POLYNOMIALS IN THE PRODUCT REPRESENTATION. By B. Bunk, S. Elser (Humboldt U.,Berlin), R. Frezzotti (Munich, Max Planck Inst.), K. Jansen (CERN). CERN−TH−98−127, MPI−PHT−98−34, May 1998. 32pp.Comput.Phys.Commun.118:95−109,1999

R. Alfieri, F. Di Renzo, E. Onofri and L. Scorzato, "Understanding stochastic perturbation theory: some toy models", Nucl. Phys. B578,383−401 (2000)

P. Boucaud, G. Burgio, F. Di Renzo, J.P. Leroy, J. Micheli, C. Parrinello, O.Pene, C. Pittori, J. Rodriguez−Quintero, C. Roiesnel, K.Sharkey: LATTICE CALCULATION OF 1/p^2 CORRECTIONS TO ALPHA(S) AND OF LAMBDA(QCD) IN THE MOM SCHEME. JHEP0004:006,2000

G. Burgio, F. Di Renzo, G. Marchesini, E. Onofri, "Lambda^2−contribution to the condensate in lattice gauge theory", Phys.Lett.B 422(1998) 219−226

RENORMALONS FROM EIGHT LOOP EXPANSION OF THE GLUON CONDENSATE IN LATTICE GAUGE THEORY. By F. Di Renzo, E.Onofri (Parma U. &INFN, Parma), G. Marchesini (Milan U. &INFN, Milan),. UPRF−95−418, Feb 1995. 13pp. Published inNucl.Phys.B457:202−218,1995

SYMMETRIES AND SPECTRUM OF SU(2) LATTICE GAUGE THEORY AT FINITE CHEMICAL POTENTIAL.Simon Hands, John B. Kogut,Maria−Paola Lombardo, Susan E. Morrison Nucl.Phys.B558:327−346,1999

QCD AT FINITE BARYON DENSITY. PROCEEDINGS, INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP, BIELEFELD, GERMANY, APRIL 27−30, 1998.F. Karsch,(ed.), M.P. Lombardo,(ed.)Nucl.Phys.A642:1−348,1998


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Tecnol. 1234

Butera Paolo Destri Claudio Frezzotti Roberto Rapuano Federico

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Rapp. Naz.: L. Girardello

Rappresentante nazionale: L. GirardelloStruttura di appartenenza: MIPosizione nell'I.N.F.N.:


Linea di ricerca

Fisica teorica − Teoria dei campi − Stringhe − Teorie Conformi − Teorie di Gauge e Materia Condensata


SISSA − TS


dal laboratorio

MI12

Acceleratore usato

Fascio(sigla e

caratteristiche)


Apparatostrumentale

utilizzato


GE, MI, TO, TS


CERN, NEW YORK UNIVERSITY, NORDITA, HARVARD (USA), TATA INSTITUTE (BOMBAY), LEUVEN(BELGIO).

Durata esperimento



StrutturaMI


Resp. loc.: L. Girardello


VOCIDI




SJ di cui SJ Missioni interne per collaborazioni, seminari, conferenze 3,0

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B) ATTIVITA' PREVISTA PER L'ANNO 2005TITLE: STRING THEORY, QUANTUM FIELD THEORIES AND EXTRA−DIMENSIONS.

KEYWORDS: string theory, quantum field theory, supergravity, (supersymmetric) gauge theories, D−branes, extra−dimensions,supersymmetry breaking, non−commutative theories, AdS/CFT duality, string cosmology , string field theory.

MI12: INFN sections of Genova, LNF, Milano, Torino, Trieste.

The research activity of the MI12 group focuses on the following three areas:

(I) String Theory.(II) Quantum Field Theory.(III) Extra−dimensions and Cosmology.

Participants in the MI12 group have investigated numerous topics in each of these areas, keeping abreast of the most recentdevelopments in the different fields and obtaining important and acknowledged results.

INTRODUCTION TO PHYSICAL MOTIVATIONS AND TO GENERAL FRAMEWORK OF RESEARCH ACTIVITY

Recent developments in non−perturbative string theory have brought remarkable progress in the understanding of non−perturbativesymmetries and of various dualities between weak and strong coupling regimes of string theory.A fundamental role is played here by the Dirichelet p−branes (D branes), which are extended dynamical objects in p−spatial dimensions(string solitons), whose low energy dynamics is described by supersymmetric gauge theories in p+1 dimensions. Analysis of D−braneconfigurations therefore provides non−perturbative information on gauge theories and leads to a framework that unifies string theory,supergravity and gauge theory.

The study of brane dynamics has also led to theformulation of a new kind of duality between gauge theories and strings, known as the AdS/CFT correspondence, which relates certainsuper−conformal gauge theories to strings that propagate on Anti de Sitter space−time. The strong coupling regime of these gaugetheories corresponds to the classical limit of the dual string theory, which is in turn described by classical supergravity. One can thusperform classical supergravity computations in order to extract information on the strong coupling regime of quantum gauge theories. Animportant consequence of such holographic (or AdS/CFT) duality consists in the possibility of studying the large N (t'Hooft ) limit of SU(N)conformal gauge theories.

An important by−product of the recent progress in stringtheory has been a renewed interest in quantumfield theories on non−commutative space−time.Indeed, low energy string dynamics in the presence of non−trivial backgrounds with non−vanishing tensorial or spinorial fields gives rise tofield theories in non(anti)−commutative (super)space. Non(anti)−commutative geometries also arise in supersymmetric field theories in thecontext of the duality between supersymmetric gauge theories and matrix models −−− the so−called Dijkgraaf−Vafa duality, a variant of theAdS/CFT duality −−− once non−planar string effects are taken into account. NCQFT are non−local field theories which seem to have goodUV properties and manifest an intriguing UV/IR mixing. In recent years, intense research activity has been dedicated to investigation of the

effects of non−commutativity on various properties of quantum field theories, such as renormalizability, integrability and existence ofsolitonic solutions. Ultimately, an understanding of the quantum consistency of on non(anti)−commutative field theories might point tointeresting extensions of the paradigm of locality , which is the cornerstone of renormalizable quantum field theories.

D−brane physics has also close relations with the Extra−Dimensions scenarios.The possibility that we live on branes sitting in spacetimes with more than 4 dimensions raises strong theoretical and phenomenologicalinterest. The Extra Dimension topic ties together string theory,general relativity and the standard model:it suggests interesting directionsand problems in continuous evolution.

++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

OUTLINE OF MAIN RESULTS OBTAINED DURING 2001−2003 RESEARCH ACTIVITY

(I) STRING THEORY

__________________________________________

a) AdS/CFT duality__________________________________________

1) Construction of 10d supergravity solutions for systems with wrapped and fractional branes. Examples of duals for non−conformaltheories with N=2,1 and N=0 supersymmetry . In particular, the holographic description of anomalies, beta functions and chiralcondensates is discussed. The string resolution of the singularities that plague some of these solutions has been investigated. (MI), (TO),(TS)

2) Aspects of the BMN limit for operators with large dimensions in the AdS/CFT (pp−waves background):study of boundary states and non supersymmetric or compactified solutions. (TO), (MI), (TS)

3) Higher spin holography: study of higher spin currents for N=4 SYM; Higgs mechanism for higher spin as a clarification of the dualitybetween 3D critical field theories and higher spin theories in AdS4.(LNF), (MI)

4) Tests for the validity of the AdS/CFTcorrespondence based on the comparison of perturbative calculations of correlation functions in N=4 SU(N) SYM to results obtained fromAdS_5*S_5, both in the cases of protected ( no anomalous dimension) and non−protected composite operators. (GE), (MI)

5) Identification of the conformal field theories dual to 10 and 11d supergravity compactifications and study of the Kaluza−Klein spectrum.(TO), (MI)

6) Construction of gauged supergravities relevant for the holographic duality. (TO) (LNF)

___________________________________________

b) Aspects of string compactifications and supergravity___________________________________________

1) Study of non−trivial truncations of extended supergravities to supergravities with lesser supersymmetry. (TO), (LNF)

2) Mechanisms of spontaneous breaking of local supersymmetry. (TO), (LNF)

3) Mechanisms and patterns of partial spontaneous breaking of extended local supersymmetry. (LNF)

4) Supergravity description of de Sitter vacua. (TO)

5) Spontaneous supersymmetry breaking in no−scale models and in models with fluxes. (TO)

6) Scherk−Schwarz mechanisms of breaking of supersymmetry in models of string theory and of field theory. (TS)

___________________________________________

c) General aspects of string theory___________________________________________

1) Computation of the R4 term at two Superstring Loops. (TS)

2) Semiclassical decay of strings. (TS)

3) Anomalies in orbifold field theories. Quantum stability of type II orbifolds and orientifolds. (TS)

4) Application of superstring theory to instantonic computations in gauge theories and to the description of N=1/2 ADHM construction. (TO)

5) Long lived massive string states found by numerical study of the decay rate formula, together with a determination of the decay modes.(TS)

6) Analysis of the spectrum of quantized Open String Field Theory in the tachyonic vacuum by means of a new algorithm. (GE)___________________________________________

d) D−brane physics___________________________________________

1) Study of properties and interactions of D−branesusing boundary states. (TO)

2) Study of D−branes coupling to space−time fields fornon−BPS and type O branes. (TO)

___________________________________________

e) Topological string theories___________________________________________

1) Derivation of local Ward identities for the B model of topological strings. These identities show that the holomorphic anomaly oftopological strings does not entail, contrary to what is generally supposed, a supersymmetry anomaly. (GE)

(II) QUANTUM FIELD THEORIES

___________________________________________

f) Gauge theories___________________________________________

1) Supersymmetric gauge theories and matrix models : extension to the case of theories with matter of the Dijkgraaf−Vafa (DV) method ofcomputing chiralquantities of N=1 supersymmetric theories using matrix models; analysis of the geometrical aspects ofDV construction. (MI)

2) Algebraic proof of the non−renormalization theorem for the perturbative beta function of the coupling constant of N=2 super Yang−Millstheory. (GE)

3) String description of self−dual super Yang−Mills theory. (LNF)

___________________________________________

g) Non−commutative quantum field theories

____________________________________________

1) Algebraic study of the most general NC structure consistent with supersymmetry. (LNF), (MI)

2) Formulation of supersymmetric field theories on (non)anti−commutative superspace. (LNF), (MI)

3) Evaluation of the chiral anomaly in NC super−Yang−Mills theory. (MI)

4) Formulation of the NC, integrable sine−Gordon model. (MI)

5) Relation of NC supersymmetric theories to strings in different backgrounds. (LNF)

6) NC quantum mechanics. (LNF)

7) Derivation of the renormalization group equation of the Wilson−Polchinski type for the matrix field theories and NC field theories in theplanar limit. (GE)

8) Clarification of the concept of renormalizability that is appropriate to the non−local framework of NC field theories of the Moyal type inthe limit of large non−commutativity. (GE)

(III) EXTRA−DIMENSIONS AND COSMOLOGY

1) Study of the relation between Randall−Sundrum scenarios and the AdS/CFT correspondence. (MI)

2) Gauge coupling unification and trasmission of supersymmetry breaking in a 5D warped geometry. The results are explained in terms ofthe AdS/CFT correspondence. (MI)

3) Stringy model for inflation based on warped compactifications: model realizing old inflation (no slow−roll) and a curvaton field. Analysis

of the possibility of detecting gravitational waves in this and similar models. (MI)

4) String cosmology: runaway dilaton and equivalence principle violation. (MI)

5) Phenomenological hypothesis that eases some mismatches between theory and observations in the study of galactic structures.According to this idea the gravitational interaction between dark and baryonic matter is suppressed under galactic scales. (MI)

6) Six dimensional model that might solve the standard model hierarchy problem. (TS)

7) Aspects of string−gas cosmology at finite temperature. (TS)

++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

PROGRAM OF FUTURE RESEARCH

The research lines that have been described above will be further developed. Among the topics that will be attacked in the immediatefuture are:

− AdS/CFT correspondence. PP wave limit. (LNF), (MI), (TO)

− Instanton computations and counting using gaugeand string approaches. (MI), (TO)

− Construction of superstring models with vacua withlesser or none supersymmetry and with fluxes. (LNF), (TO), (TS)

− Supersymmetric gauge theories and matrix models. (GE), (MI)

− Open bosonic string field theory at the tachyonic vacuum. Matrix models of the Konsevitch type as examples of open string field theory.(GE), (MI)

− Renormalization properties and non−local anomalies of (non)−anticommutative supersymmetric gauge theories. (GE), (MI)

− Extra−dimensions,string phenomenology and stringcosmology. (MI), (TO), (TS)


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Butti Agostino Casero Roberto Girardello Luciano Mazzanti Liuba Penati Silvia Petkou Anastasio Piazza Federico Romagnoni Alberto Tartaglino Gabriele Trincherini Enrico Zaffaroni Alberto

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Rapp. Naz.: D. Zanon

Rappresentante nazionale: D. ZanonStruttura di appartenenza: MIPosizione nell'I.N.F.N.:


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dal laboratorio

MI13

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Harvard University − USA M.I.T. − USA Katholieke Universitat, Leuven − Belgio

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SJ di cui SJ Missioni interno: la richiesta e' pensata per coprire spese di partecipazioni aCongressi (Cortona, Vietri, Anacarpi), missioni in Italia per collaborazioni, eventualispese per inviti

3,0

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Inviti: la richiesta e' pensata per coprire parzialmente un invito per 15 giorni diAnastasios Petkou (Universita' di Creta) e per una settimana di Marc Grisaru (Mc GillUniversity)

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Missioni estero: la richiesta e' pensata per coprire spese per partecipazioni aCongressi internazionali e per missioni di collaborazioni in Europa e negli Stati Uniti

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B) ATTIVITA' PREVISTA PER L'ANNO 2005Title: Gauge theories, supergravity and superstrings

String theory is one of the leading candidate for a theory that unifies all fundamental interactions including gravity. This subject is not onlyof great intrinsic intellectual interest but has also many ramifications across a wide area of theoretical physics and mathematics. Moreoverthe formulation of consistent superstring theories, of supergravity models in various dimensions and of supersymmetric gauge fieldtheories in general, are now at the basis of most scenarios for physics beyond the Standard Model.The research activity of our group addresses issues on this subject and it is focused primarily in the following directions:

1) Supergravity and black holesMany crucial questions of quantum gravity are associated to spacetimes with event horizons, singularities or closed timelike curves. Adeeper understanding of how string theory resolves the puzzles appearing in these spacetimes is expected to shed light on many aspectsof a future quantum theory of gravity. A central role in this study is played by supersymmetry. Within this scenario we are progressingalong the following lines:i) Classification of supergravity solutionsii) Goedel−type universes and closed timelike curves in string theoryiii) Construction of black hole microstates

2) Superstrings and branesThis research program aims to explore the relation between open and closed string theory, in order to uncover potential connectionsbetween the corresponding low energy effective theories of gravity and Yang Mills. This type of study requires the more general frameworkof M−theory that allows to consider non−perturbative effects in string theory. In particular the D−brane physics plays a central role in theabove picture once it is recognized that all string configurations are important. In particular our projects are in the following directions:i)use of the AdS/CFT correspondence in order to understand how the CFT degrees of freedom reproduce the phenomenology of the bulkgravity theory by means of holographyii)computations of D−brane effective theories

3)Non perturbative physics from perturbation theoryMany nonperturbative results have been obtained embedding gauge theories into string theory. These nonperturbative effects could bederived in a field theory approach using holomorphy of the effective potential and gauge couplings. Recently a striking connection hasemerged between a wide class of N=1 supersymmetric gauge theories and planar diagrams of corresponding matrix models. The exactsuperpotential and gauge couplings can be computed by doing perturbative calculations in the gauge theory and reduce to matrixintegrals. Our research goals in this sector are:i)Computation of gravitational corrections in N=1 supersymmetric gauge theories perturbativelyii)Study of deformations of N=1 supersymmetric Yang−Mills theory and their relation to matrix models beyond the planar limit

4) Strings and quantum field theories through conformal field theoriesA deep connection between string theory and quantum field theory is known with the name of AdS/CFTcorrespondence. Strings moving incurved spacetimes were shown to correspond holographically to quantum fields that live in the spacetime boundary. The main resultsobtained so far are primarily kinematical, since they are simple consequences of the matching between various symmetries in string theoryor supergravity to those in superconformal field theories. The search for dynamical informations is becoming now a concrete possibilityafter the formulation of the correspondence in terms of a duality between strings living on a pp−wave background and a sector with largecharge in the superconformal field theory. The research proceeds as follows:

i)Study of non−protected quantities, like the anomalous dimensions of operators corresponding to bound supergravity states and to stringstatesii)Computation of the operator spectrum that is intimately connected to massive string degrees of freedom through the AdS/CFTcorrespondenceiii)Non−planar corrections to the anomalous dimensions of BMN operators through the use of superconformal techniques


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Boni Matteo Cacciatori Sergio Caldarelli Marco Cardella Matteo Klemm Dietmar Maghini Stefano Melis Dario Pernici Mario Raciti Mario Riva Franco Santambrogio Alberto Silva Pedro Zanon Daniela

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Rapp. Naz.: E.Recami

Rappresentante nazionale: E.RecamiStruttura di appartenenza: MIPosizione nell'I.N.F.N.:


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Alcuni esperimenti in corso c/o il Politecnico di Milano, la Pirelli Labs., e la UNICAMP (Campinas, SP;Facoltà di Ing. El.).Attivita' di simulazione numerica in collaborazione con l'Accademia delle Scienze di Kiev e con la UNICAMP.

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SJ di cui SJ Sono in corso da anni ricerche in collab. con Catania (P.Castorina, M.Consoli,G.Fonte, G.Privitera, Falsaperla, ecc.): da parte di Salesi, ad es., sul ruolo dello spinnel caos quantistico, e da part

Da meno anni sono in corso collaborazioni anche con Napoli (Salvatore Esposito, etal.), da parte sia di Recami sia di Salesi, e sui medesimi temi circa neutrini e lorooscillazioni, sia circa lo stud

Recami mantiene contatti frequenti con l'IROE/CNR di Firenze (Ranfagni, Mugnai) econ colleghi della Roma−2 e soprattutto Roma−III (Conti, Mignani); per di piu' vorrebbepartecipare al congresso SIF.

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Dal 1966 (!) Recami collabora col prof.V.S.Olkhovsky (Accad.d.Scienze Ucraina,Kiev): sta per uscire ad es. un loro secondo Phys.Reports; si desidera invitarlo duevolte l'anno, come sempre (occorre

Dl 1979 Recami collabora col proprio PhD Michel Zamboni R. e col prof.HugoHernandez della UNICAMP: si desidera invitare una volta, almeno M.Z. (oppure H.H.)da Campinas, SP, Brasile: occorre pagare p

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Per mantenere viva la collab. suddetta con la UNICAMP (che produce molti papers suPhys.Rev.E, ecc., ecc.), Recami ogni anno va a Campinas, S.P., PER DUE MESI,SENZA ALCUN CONTRIBUTO DA PARTE BRASILIA

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B) ATTIVITA' PREVISTA PER L'ANNO 2005PlanTUNNELLING TIMES, HARTMAN EFFECT, LOCALIZED SOLUTIONS TO THE WAVE EQUATIONS: THEORY AND POSSIBLEAPPLICATIONS.

E.Recami, G.Salesi, and coworkers

A) Tunnelling Times and Hartman Effect (coll. with Prof.V.S.Olkhovsky, Acad. of Sc., Kiev; with Dr.J.Jakiel, PhD, Cracow): We havearrived, within standard QM, to definitions of the tunnelling times that we believe to be self−consistent and "definitive": a largely improvedversion of a previous e−print of ours is in press in Physics Reports (2004). Within such a context, we have in particular predicted a"generalized Hartman effect" (see refs.[1,8] below); such a prediction having been immediately confirmed from the theoretical point of viewby Y.Aharonov et al. [Phys.Rev.E65 (2002) 052124], and from the experimental point of view by results obtained c/o the Physics Dept. ofthe Milan Politecnico, ref.[2] below. We are aiming both at applications (e.g., for optical fibers, as well as for quantum tunnelling throughtwo or more barriers), and at the investigations of some "deviations" from the Hartman effect[8] that −−being mainly associated with"negative speeds"−− have already attracted theoretical and experimental attention.

B) Localized solutions to the wave equations (scalar, vectorial, spinorial,...): We have found many new analytical localized solutions to thewave equations (IN CLOSED FORM), both with infinite and with finite[3,5] total−energy, propagating in the vacuum[3] or in dispersivemedia[6,9]. We have also found similar "soliton−like" solutions propagating in waveguides[4,5]. We aim now at applications, of course; but,even more, at the theoretical study of suitable superpositions of them in order to obtain an intense, stationary wave existing only inside awell−defined space region (or space−time region). All such research refers not only to the electromagnetic realm, but also to the otherfields in which an essential role is played by a wave equation (including the Klein−Gordon equation, or the linearized Einstein equations):Namely, these results can have a bearing on elementary particles as well as, a priori, on gravitational waves −−−besides in acoustics orseismology.

C) As to other different studies, see ref.[15] and particularly ref.[14] below.

D) Non−Newtonian Mechanics: One of us has recently [13] proposed a particle theory which, without particular assumptions, by startingfrom spacetime symmetry properties only, yields (at a purely classical level) spin, zitterbewegung, intrinsic magnetic momentum, as well astunnel−effect, zero point energy and quantum potential. The first−order theory leads to equations for the classical motion identical to theoperator equations in Dirac theory. The theory is a "Non−Newtonian Mechanics" since it contains the Newton Law and the ordinary(relativistic and non−relativistic) kinematics only as a special case (valid in the absence of spin). The quantization of the first−order NNMdescribes bosons if the algebra of the space coordinates is commutative, and fermions frozen in lower dimension spaces if the coordinatesdo not commute. Some researches to be developed are:a) the application of the 3−dimensional non−relativistic NNM, to extreme astrophysical eventsb) the quantization of the NNM at orders larger than 1c) the extension of the NNM: in D>4 spaces; in curved spaces with gravitation; to bounded systems composed of 2 or more particlesd) the generalization of the NNM to "non−newtonian" strings

REMARK: In order to be able to go on with the mentioned researches it is necessary for the applicant to be able to go on collaborating:for researches A) at least with Prof.Olkhovsky (Kiev);for researches B) with his coworkers (PhD students Michel Zamboni, Kleber Nobrega and Cesare Dartora) and his collaborator (Prof.HugoE. Hernandez) c/o UNICAMP = the Campinas State University, San Paulo State of Brazil; and possibly with Prof.Amr Shaarawi (of the

American Univ. at Cairo) who started to collaborate theoretically w.r.t. the focusing of the mentioned non−dispersive, wavelet−typesolutions;for researches C) and D) especially with Profs P.Castorina and M.Consoli (University of Catania), Dr.S.Esposito (University of Naples),and Dr.S.Giani (CERN)

The coll. with Brazil, started in 1979, produced more than 40 papers (many Phys. Lett.B and Phys.Rev.E, and some J.Math.Phys.,Prog.Part.Nucl.Phys., Found.Phys., N.Cim., Int.J.Mod.Phys., Europhys.Lett., Europ.Phys.J.−D, Physica−A,Opt.Commun., J.Opt.Soc.Am.−A, etc.). The coll. with Kiev started about 35 years ago, and as well produced many papers (Phys.Reports,N.Cim., Phys.Lett.A, J. de Physique, Solid State Commun., J.Mod.Opt., etc.)

CITED REFERENCES (more recent papers arelisted in the "Publication List"):

1) V.S.Olkhovsky, E.Recami and G.Salesi: "Tunneling through two successive barriers and the Hartman (Superluminal)effect" [e−printquant−ph/0002022], Europhysics Letters 57 (2002) 879−884.2) S.Longhi, P.Laporta, M.Belmonte and E.Recami:"Measurement of Superluminal optical tunneling times in double−barrier photonicbandgaps" [e−print physics/0201013], Phys. Rev. E 65 (2002) 046610 [6 pages].3) M.Z.Rached, E.Recami and H.E.Hernandez F.: "New localized Superluminal solutions to the wave equations with finite total energiesand arbitrary frequencies" [e−print physics/0109062], European Physical Journal D 21 (2002) 217−228.4) M.Z.Rached, K.Z.Nobrega, E.Recami and H.E.Hernandez F.: "Superluminal X−shaped beams propagating without distortion along aco−axial guide" [e−print physics/0209104], Physical Review E 66 (2002) 046617 [10 pages].5) M.Z.Rached, F.Fontana and E.Recami: "Superluminal localized solutions to Maxwell equations along a waveguide: The finite−energycase" [e−print physics/0209102], Physical Review E 67 (2003) 036620 [7pages].6) E.Recami, M.Z.Rached, K.Z.Nobrega, C.A.Dartora and H.E.Hernandez F.: "On the localized superluminal solutions to the Maxwellequations" [report NSF−ITF−02−93 (I.T.P., UCSB; 2002], IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics 9(1) (2003) 59−73[special issue on `Nontraditional Forms of Light'].7) C.A.Dartora, M.Zamboni Rached, K.Z.Nobrega, E.Recami and H.E.Hernandez F.: "A general formulation for the analysis of scalardiffraction−free beams uding angular modulation: Mathieu and Bessel beams", Optics Communications 222 (2003) 75−85.8) V.S.Olkhovsky, E.Recami and J.Jakiel: "Unified time analysis of photon and nonrelativistic particle tunnelling" [e−printquant−ph/0102007], in press in Physics Reports.9) M.Zamboni Rached, K. Z. Nobrega, H. E.Hernandez F., and E.Recami: "Localized Superluminal solutions to the wave equation in(vacuum or) dispersive media, for arbitrary frequencies and with adjustable bandwidth", Optics Communications 226 (2003) 15−23.10) E.Recami, M.Zamboni Rached and C.A.Dartora: "The X−shaped, localized field generated by a Superluminal electric charge", PhysicalReview E69 (2004) 027602.11) G.Privitera, G.Salesi and V.S.Olkhovsky: "Tunnelling Times: A review",Rivista N. Cim. 26 (2003), monographic issue no.4 [54 pages].12) P.Falsaperla, G.Fonte &G.Salesi: "Quantum Lyapunov Exponents", Found. Phys. 32 (2002) 267.13) G.Salesi: "Non−Newtonian Mechanics", Int. J. Mod. Phys. A17 (2002) 347.14) E.Recami: Il Caso Majorana: Epistolario, Documenti, Testimonianze, 4th enlarged revised edition: pp.1−273 (Di Renzo pub.; Rome,2002).15) E.Recami et al.: Gli Strumenti Scientifici di Interesse Storico del "Lussana", del "Vittorio Emanuele", e del "Quarenghi" di Bergamo(Dip.to di Ingegneria pub., Università statale di Bergamo; Bergamo, 2002) [printed by Tipolito Castel, BG], pp.1−80.16) S.Esposito, E.Majorana jr., A. van der Merwe and E.Recami (editors): "Ettore Majorana − Notes in Theoretical Physics" (Kluwer;Dordrecht and Boston, 2003),512 pages.17) E.Recami: "A simple quantum equation for dissipation and decoherence" [report NSF−ITF−02−62 (I.T.P., UCSB; 2002], appeared inQuantum Computing and Quantum Bits in Mesoscopis Systems, ed. by A.J.Leggett, B.Ruggiero and P.Silvestrini (Kluwer/Plenum; NewYork, 2003), pp.111−122.

P.S. (POST SCRIPTUM)====================

Our activities strongly rely, therefore, on contacts and visits (the e−mail cooperation isn't enough!) among the abovementionedcollaborators and the partecipants in this I.S. Incidentally, we are in need, for such a reason,of beeing able, e.g., to go on inviting at least 2 or 3 times a year [each time for about a week] V.S.Olkhovsky from Kiev (Ucraine); and onceMichel Zamboni Rached [for some weeks, possibly] and Hugo H.Hernandez F. [for 10 days], from Campinas, San Paulo State, Brazil. Allof them, by the way, cannot pay for their air ticket.Every year, moreover, one of the partecipants [E.R.] in this I.S. visits for about 60 days the UNICAMP, Campinas, S.P., Brazil, formaintaining his collaborations alive and for supervising his local PhD students.At last, we are in need of maintaining our scientific collaboration with Catania and Neaples, with a few (possibly, long duration) visits there,by E.R. aand even more by G.S.

What precedes does illustrate also our program of scientific contacts during 2004. Our proposed scientific activities −−among the others−−are the following:

(i) Continuing our studies about Tunnelling Times and the Hartman Effect, incollaboration with Olkhovsky et al. (Kiev) [and J.Jacek, Krakow]; in particular, evaluating thepredictions of our definition of Tunnelling Time in various experimental cases, and especially in the situation with many barriers (e.g.,exploiting the role of the superoscillations, remarked very recently also by Aharaonov et al. (PR−A, May 22nd, 2002).

(ii) Going on with our vast analysis of the SLSs to the wave equation, in collaboration with Campinas, S.P. (H.Hernandez, M.Zamboni,K.Nobrega, C.Dartora), and with Cairo (A.Shaarawi et al.), aiming at constructing the most general possible SLS's in vacuum, inwaveguides, through non−dispersive and dispersive media, with infinite or finite total energies, with a priori chosen

frequencies and bandwidths, etc. The utility of such solutions (to the Maxwell eqs., e.g.) is not only theoretical, but also applicative; withoutforgetting the role they can have [in the case of SLSs to K−G or Dirac eqs.] for the description of elementary particles, and even of theirstructure.

(iii) Continuing our work: a) about the role of spin in quantum chaos, in collaboration with Catania; b) about the structure of spinningparticles (Salesi and Recami); c) about neutrino oscillations (in coll. withy Neales, and Cern); d) about the revaluation of the scientificmanuscripts left unpublished by E.Majorana.


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Rapp. Naz.: G. M. Prosperi

Rappresentante nazionale: G. M. ProsperiStruttura di appartenenza: MIPosizione nell'I.N.F.N.:


Linea di ricercaBound states in Field Theories; Nonrelativistic Effective FieldTheories (HQET,NRQCD,pNRQCD); Heavy quark Phenomenology;Precision studies of Standard Model Parameters (quark masses, alpha_s) Mechanism of confinement in QCDand nonperturbative effects in fieldtheory



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SJ di cui SJ For italian conferences and italian travels. 2,0

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GUNNAR BALI, Lecturer, University of Glasgow, to come to milano for a week for acollaboration. PLAN of the collaboration: pNRQCD/HQET on the lattice

HAGOP SAZDJIAN, Professor, Orsay to come to Milano for 10 days for acollaboration. PLAN of the collaboration: EFT for pionium

YU−QI CHEN, Professor, Institute Theoretical Physics Beijing, to come to Milano for10 days PLAN of the collaboration: nonrelativistic effective field theories.

Inside the INFN−CYCIT agreement: Visit of J.Soto, A.Pineda, X. Garcia, J. Mondejarto Milano (one week each, total of 28 days)

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B) ATTIVITA' PREVISTA PER L'ANNO 2005TITLEEffective Field Theories of QCD and Confinement

RESEARCH LINE

The research line of this project concerns the study of strongly interacting particle systems, the mechanism of confinement in QCD and thecalculation of perturbativeand non−perturbative effects in hadron observables, especially for heavy quarks.

A good part of our research activity deals with Effective Field Theories (EFT) of QCD describing physical processes where at least one ofthe particles involved is heavy enough to be treated non−relativistically. The simplest of these theories is Heavy Quark Effective Theory(HQET), which is the EFT of QCD suitable to describe systems with one heavy quark [1]. These systems are characterized by two energyscales, the heavy−quark mass m and the scale of non−perturbative physics Lambda_QCD.In our research we concentrate on the study of bound−state systems made of two heavy quarks, like bbbar, ccbar, ... generically denotedas heavy quarkonia.These systems are more difficult to describe. At least two other (hierarchically ordered) energy scales appear: the momentum scale, mv,and the ultrasoft scale, mv^2, v << 1 being the velocity of the heavy quark. Integrating out the scale m, which for heavy quarks can bedone perturbatively, leads to an EFT, non−relativistic QCD (NRQCD) [2], which still contains the lower scales as dynamical degrees offreedom. Disentangling the remaining scales is relevant both technically, since it enables perturbative calculations otherwise quitecomplicate, and more fundamentally, since it allows to encode non−perturbative contributions into few operators. In the last years, theproblem of integratingout the remaining dynamical scales of NRQCD has been addressed by several groups [3,4] and has now reached a solid level ofconceptual understanding. In particular,it has been understood how to solve the renormalization group equations in an EFT with different correlated scales [5]. The ultimate EFTobtained by subsequent matchingsfrom QCD, where only the lightest degrees of freedom are left dynamical, is called potential NRQCD, pNRQCD. This EFT is close to aquantum mechanical description of the bound system and, therefore, as simple. The bulk of the interaction is carried by potential−liketerms, but non−potential interactions, associated with the propagation of ultrasoft dynamical degrees of freedom, are generally present aswell.

Together with the theoretical progress, several new experimental data have been produced recently on heavy quarkonia at Fermilab [6],BES [7] and CLEO [8]. Also the B factories (BABAR, BELLE) have provided (and in perspective may provide even more) new datarelevant to heavy−quarkonium physics [9].

Therefore, on one hand the progress in our understanding of non−relativistic EFTs makes it possible to move beyond phenomenologicalmodels and to provide a systematic description from QCD of all aspects of heavy−quarkonium physics. On the other hand, the recentprogress in the measurement of several heavy−quarkonium observables makes it meaningful to address the problem of their precisetheoretical determination.

The EFT allows to factorize high energy and low energy contribution, however, tells very little about the structure of the nonperturbativevacuum of QCD.A part of the research of our group (Prosperi, Baldicchi) is about the nonperturbative dynamics of QCD, vacuum models and the infrared

behaviour of the running coupling constant. In this way both phenomenological applications to the hadronspectrum are performed and information on the confinement mechanism are obtained.

SUMMARY OF ACTIVITY AND RESULTS*Spectrum, mass and precision studies.The Lagrangian of pNRQCD has been calculated perturbatively at (almost) NNNL (m\alpha_s^5 in the spectrum) by us and by theHamburg group [11].These results are relevant for the extraction of the top mass at the desired accuracy from top pair production at the planned next linearcollider [12] and for a precise determination of the bottom mass from the bottomonium ground state [13,14]. The behaviour of the energylevel perturbative series in relation to its renormalon structure has been studied.

*Spectrum and DecaysFor higher heavy−quarkonium states the momentum transfer scale mv is in the nonperturbative regime, thus the matching to pNRQCD isnonperturbative and can be done either by comparing the EFT predictions with experimentaldata or by matching the EFT Green functions with suitable lattice measurements.The complete calculation of the 1/m^2 real part of the pNRQCD potential has been completed in [15]. The imaginary part of the potential,which is relevant for the calculation of heavy quarkonium inclusive decay widths has been alsoobtained [16]. Working in pNRQCD, we have shown howthe NRQCD matrix elements can be expressed in terms of the wave functions at the origin, which factorize, and few universalnon−perturbative parameters given in terms of gluonic field−strength correlators, which may befixed by experimental data or, alternatively, by lattice simulations.We have achieved [17,16,18] a large reduction in the number of unknown non−perturbative parameters and, therefore, we have obtainednew model−independent QCD predictions, e.g. on bottomonium decays, later measured by CLEO.

*Poincare' invariance in EFTsPoincare' invariance constrains the quark dynamics at the level of NRQCD as well as at the level of the subsequent EFTs. In HQET asymmetry, known as reparameterizationinvariance, establishes some exact relations among the HQET matching coefficients. An exhaustive analysis on how Poincare' invariancerealizes itself in the hierarchy of EFTs (in particular in NRQCD and pNRQCD) has started in [19]where we have shown that reparameterization invariance is, indeed, a manifestation of Poincare' invariance and new exact relationsamong the matching coefficients of pNRQCD have been derived.

*Heavy BaryonsRecently the SELEX experiment has detected first signals from three−body bound states made of two heavy quark and a light one. Thesesystems are theoretically quite interestingdue to the interplay of HQET and NRQCD in the construction of a suitable EFT.Triggered by these experimental data we have recently started the construction of an effective field theory that describes $QQQ$ statesand $QQq$ states [20].We plan to obtain model independent prediction on the spectra and other observables in order to be of guidance for the experimental work.

We (N. Brambilla and A. Vairo) are currently preparing (with A. Pineda and J. Soto) an invited review article for Reviews of Modern Physicson "Potential NRQCD".

Starting from 2002, we have constituted an international "Quarkonium Working Group" (http://www.qwg.to.infn.it) that gathers togethermost of the members of the physicscommunity working on quarkonium physics issues, both in theory and in experiments.The aim is to provide a common language and a general consensus on the different aspects of quarkonium physics, which includeexperimental and theoretical studies of spectra, decays and productions, lattice gauge theories, heavy ions physics, precisiondetermination of Standard Model parameters, perspectives of new physics.The first workshop has been held in November 2002 at CERN and the second one at Fermilab in September 2003. Thefinal outcome at this stage is a CERN Yellow Report (ready by this summer) on quarkonium physics, that summarizes the status of the artand opens new perspectives on the future of this kind of physics and its impact on QCD and other sectors of the Standard Model. We areorganizing the third meeting of the QWG in Beijing, October 12−15 (2004) http://www.qwg.to.infn.it/WS−oct04/index.html)and the QWG Topical Seminar School on "Heavy Quarkonia at Accelerators: New Theoretical Tools and Experimental Techniques" ,ITPBeijing, 8−11 October 2004co−organized by CERN and Fermilab (http://www.qwg.to.infn.it/TS−oct04/index.html)

On the side of the phenomenological use of models of nonperturbative dynamics, the study of the light meson spectrum has beencontinued inside a relativisticBethe−Salpeter equation with a kernel containing the Wilson loop area law.The running coupling constant has been taken into account in these calculations. Also the spectrum of the heavy−light mesons and of theB_c meson has been obtained within a parameter free calculation (the phenomenological parameters having been previously fixed ondifferent meson sectors) [21]. Studies about the mechanism of confinement treating QCD as a distortion of a Topological Theory havebeen performed.

In this frame we have organized the fifth edition of the International Conference on "Quark Confinement and the Hadron Spectrum" atGargnano (Italy) in 2002 (http://wwwteor.mi.infn.it/quark/quarkconf2002.html)and we are currently organizing the sixth edition of the same conference at Villasimius (Italy) in September 2004(http://www.gtnstudios.com/Quark/).

PLANNED ACTIVITY

The non−relativistic effective field theories of QCD discussed above have the potential to address in the near future several open and/or

new problems, more precisely:

−Spectrum, Decays, Hadronic and Radiative Transitions of Quarkonium.We plan to:a)attack one of the residual problems to quantitative predictions for heavy−quarkonium inclusive decay widths into light particles, namely:the bad convergence of theperturbative series of the 4−fermion Wilson coefficients;b)complete the calculation of inclusive and some semi−inclusive decay modes of heavy quarkonium to light particles and to other heavyquarkonium for all the statesfor which pNRQCD is applicable;c)investigate radiative semi−inclusive decays of heavy quarkonium. This requires the incorporation of collinear degrees of freedom in thenon−relativistic EFT. Collinear degrees of freedom are also relevant in production processes;d)consider decays of heavy quarkonium to heavy quarkonium and light particles.This is very important since these are the dominantdecays of many states and only model dependent results exist so far. Low energy non relativistic EFT should be able to provide modelindependent results formost of these decays;e)investigate exclusive hadronic decays with particular emphasis to the so−called rho−pi puzzle in the J/\psi and \psi(2S) decays.

−Lattice and NREFTWe want to put pNRQCD on the lattice in order to evaluate the pNRQCD potentials in a consistent lattice framework, taking full advantagefrom the fact that the the latticecut−off would be quite low and the lattice simulation would only involve pure gluodynamics. Collaboration with Gunnar Bali (Glasgow).

−Pions and Heavy−light threshold effectsAn EFT, suitable to describe heavy−light pair threshold effects, would be of phenomenological great interest. Such EFT may still benon−relativistic but include all the relevant hadronic degrees of freedom close to the heavy−light threshold. This would be a very muchwelcome result since so far only model dependent approachesexists. In order to address the effects of virtual pions to the spectrum, one has to couple non−relativistic EFTs to chiral effective fieldtheories.

−Quarkonium ProductionUp to 1995, most of the effort to understand the inclusive production of charmonium was carried out within either the color−singlet modelor the color evaporation model.However, only with NRQCD amalgamated with the concept of factorization in perturbative QCD, new insights into quarkonium productionwas gained followed from recognizing the importance of color−octet and fragmentation−production mechanisms, both of which are crucialto explain the charmonium cross sections observed at the Tevatron.A clear check of the NRQCD factorization from the charmonium production data is still missing, however, because of our poor knowledgeof the non−perturbative matrix elements involved in the production cross−section formulas and the fact that polarization data for large$p_T$ at CDF seem to indicate that our picture is still incomplete or, maybe, our power−counting incorrect. It would be important toaddress production processes in the framework of low energy non−relativistic EFTs in order to constrain the size of the production matrixelements, and, maybe, to link them to decay matrix elements or to matrix elements of quarkonium states with different quantum numbersand flavour.This would be also important for bottomonium production at the Tevatron and, in perspective, at LHC. We plan to do this in collaborationwith Dr. Carlo Ewerz that has recently joined our group.

−EFT for Nuclear PhysicsWe plan to start studing nuclear forces in the framework of EFT along the lines recently pursued mainly by the INT−Seattle group.Collaboration with Hagop Sazdjian (Orsay) and Jose Goity (JLab).

−Van der Waals InteractionThe scattering of two colour dipoles, as two heavy quarkonium systems, may be considered as the QCD analogue of the Van der Waalsinteraction. The Van der Waals potentialis expected to give the dominant contribution in the case of scattering of heavy quarkonia on nuclei at low energy and has thus some directinterest.We plan to describe the Van der Waals interaction in an EFT frame.Collaboration with Emilio Ribeiro (IST, Lisbon).

For what concerns the study of the confinement mechanism, classical field configurations of the magnetic type have been identified. Suchconfigurations correspond to theinstantons of the sigma model to which the theory could be reduced with a dimensional reduction a la Parisi−Sourlas (under theassumption of a planar Wilson loop).It is planned to further investigate the relevance of such configurations in relation to the confinement mechanism. It is also planned tomake further extensive calculation of the phenomenology of light hadrons inside the Bethe−Salpeter equation approach developed in thepast.

[1] M.Neubert, Phys.Rep. 245, 259 (1994).[2] W.Caswell and G.Lepage, Phys.Lett. B167, 437 (1986);G.Bodwin, E.Braaten and G.Lepage, Phys.Rev. D51, 1125 (1995).[3] P.Labelle, Phys.Rev. D58, 093013 (1998);M.Beneke and V.Smirnov, Nucl.Phys. B522, 321 (1998);M.Luke, A.Manohar and I.Rothstein, Phys.Rev. D61, 074025 (2000).[4] A.Pineda and J.Soto, Nucl.Phys.Proc.Suppl. 64, 428 (1998);N.Brambilla, A.Pineda, J.Soto and A.Vairo, Phys.Rev. D60,

091502 (1999);Nucl.Phys. B566, 275 (2000); Phys.Rev. D63, 014023 (2001).[5] A.Pineda, Phys.Rev. D65, 074007 (2002); D66, 054022 (2002);A.Hoang and I.Stewart, hep−ph/0209340.[6] E835 coll., Phys.Lett. B533, 237 (2002);Phys.Rev. D65, 052002 (2002); Nucl.Phys. A692, 308 (2001).[7] BES coll., Phys.Lett. B550, 24 (2002); hep−ex/0209080.[8] CLE0 coll., hep−ex/0207062; hep−ex/0207060; hep−ex/0207057.[9] BELLE coll. Phys.Lett. B540, 33 (2002).[10]http://www.qwg.to.infn.it[11]N.Brambilla, A.Pineda, J.Soto and A.Vairo, Phys.Lett. B470,215 (1999);B.Kniehl and A.Penin, Nucl.Phys. B 563, 200 (1999);B.Kniehl, A.Penin, V.Smirnov and M.Steinhauser,Nucl.Phys. B635, 357 (2002).[12]A.Hoang et al., Eur.Phys. J. C3, 1 (2000).[13]A.El−Khadra and M.Luke, hep−ph/0208114.[14] N. Brambilla, Yu. Sumino and A. Vairo, Phys. Rev. D65 (2002) 034001, Phys. Lett. B513, 381 (2001).[15] N. Brambilla, A. Pineda, J. Soto and A. Vairo, Phys. Rev. D63 (2001)014023; Pineda and A. Vairo, Phys. Rev. D63 (2001) 054007,[16] N. Brambilla, D. Eiras, A. Pineda, J. Soto, A. Vairo, Phys. Rev.D67 (2003) 034018; Phys. Rev. Lett. 88 (2002) 012003;[17] A. Vairo, Nucl. Phys. B (Proc. Supp.) 115 (2003) 166[18] N. Brambilla, A. Pineda, J. Soto, A. Vairo, Phys. Lett. B580 (2004) 60.[19] N. Brambilla, D. Gromes e A. Vairo, Phys. Lett. B 576 (2003) 314;Phys. Rev. D64 (2001) 076010, [hep−ph/0104068].[20] N. Brambilla, D. Gromes, T. Roesch, A. Vairo, "QCD Effective Fieldtheories for heavy baryons"[21] M. Baldicchi, G. M. Prosperi, Phys. Rev. D66 (2002) 074008.


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Tecnol. 12345

Baldicchi Massimiliano Brambilla Nora Ewerz Carlo Prosperi Giovanni Maria Vairo Antonio

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Rapp. Naz.: R. A. Broglia

Rappresentante nazionale: R. A. BrogliaStruttura di appartenenza: MIPosizione nell'I.N.F.N.:


Linea di ricerca

Astrofisica e struttura nucleare.Teoria dei campi di sistemi finiti.Fisica degli aggregati molecolari e deipolimeri.



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Niigata University, Niigata Giappone; Niels Bohr Institute, Copenaghen, Danimarca; Politecnico Siviglia,Spagna;Department of Chemistry, Univ. of Harvard, USA; Institut de Physique Nucleaire, Orsay, Francia; IPNLyon, Francia; Oxford University, UK

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SJ di cui SJ Partecipazione a conferenze e collaborazioni scientifiche 6,0

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Per visite di F. Barranco (Sevilla, Spagna, collaborazione INFN/CICYT); T. Dossing(Niels Bohr Institute, Copenhagen, Danimarca); M. Matsuo (Niigata, Giappone); P.Schuck (Orsay, Francia); E. Shakh

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B) ATTIVITA' PREVISTA PER L'ANNO 2005Finite many−body systems like a) atomic nuclei,b) neutron stars, c) metallic clusters, fullerenes, etc.,d) trapped atomic Fermi gases,display a host of properties which are rather similar,once the proper scalings are carried out.These properties do not depend so much on the natureof the particles of which these systems are made or onthe force acting among them, but on the fact that theyare many and that they are confined. In these systemsthe surface and the associated quantal size effects playa central role in determining their properties. Within this context, the study of the interweaving of fermions and bosons aimed at providing aunified and self−consistent picture of finite many−body systems has been and continues to be a central theme of research of the NuclearTheory Group (NTG) of Milano. In particular, the study of the induced interaction arising from the exchange of collective vibrations(phonons) of the system between pairs of fermions moving close to the Fermi energy, together with self−energy and vertex correctionsprocesses (as required by the Ward identities), occupies an important place in thestrategy followed by the NTG of Milano in trying to pin down the origin of superfluidity in atomic nuclei and in the inner crust of neutronstars and the superconductivity in materials made out of metallic clusters, and of fullerenes, but also the critical temperature of trappedFermi atomicgases (BEC). At the core of this project is that of understanding the interplay between density and spin modes in the case of nuclei,neutron stars and trapped atomic gases (BEC), and between phonons and plasmons in the case of clusters and fullerenes as well asnanomaterials madeusing these systems as building blocks.

In connection with point a), we plan to study the consequences the induced interaction as well as zero−point fluctuations associated withboth surface− and pairingvibrations have on the binding energy of atomic nuclei.The best account of the experimental data available to date(Goriely et al., Phys. Rev. C66(2002)024326−1) based onmean−field theory provides a fititng of the 2135 measured masses with N,Z>8 with a rms error of 674 keV. Although thisaccuracy is quite high, it is not good enough if one tries to accurately predict the masses of nuclei lying along the neutron and proton driplines (exotic halo nuclei).In connection with point b) we plan to calculate the pairing gap in the inner crust of neutron stars, taking explicitely into account the finitenuclei of the Coulomb lattice which are immersed in the sea of free neutrons, allowing the nucleons to interact both through the barenucleon potential as well as through the exchange of density and spin modes. The result of these calculations will beused to study the physics of vortex formations in these systems.

In connection with point c) we plan to investigate the properties of solids made of (as a rule closed shells)metallic clusters, in particular the critical temperature Tcfor the normal−superconducting phase transition, taking intoaccount both the screening of the Coulomb field arising fromthe exchange of plasmons between electrons as well as the phonon induced pairing interaction.

Concerning point d) we plan to study the consequences on Tc

(BCS critical temperature normal−superfluid) associatedwith the possibility for particles in an atomic Fermi gas to emit and reabsorb density and spin fluctuations leading to an effective mass andto a lifetime of the quasiparticles, as well as to an effective pairing interaction acting between the fermionic atoms.

In practice, this program can be realized within the consistent framework of the so called Dyson equation.In the last year, we have solved this equation for the atomic nucleus 120Sn, considering the exchange of phonons in addition to the barenucleon−nucleon interaction, and we have been able to reproduce the experimentally observed pairing gap.We plan to apply similar schemes in rather different physical systems, ranging from nuclear matter and neutron stars, to atomic clustersand Bose−Einstein condensates madeout of fermions.

Also in the calculation of the collective response of finitemany−body systems, it is essential to go beyond the meanfield approximation and include the variety of couplingswhich renormalize the properties of the vibrationalstates. This will be done in the case of neutron−richnuclei, whose spectroscopy is one of the main objectivesof the new radioactive beam facilities.

The results obtained within the field of finite many−body systems provide, unexpectedly, the red thread which starts to connect the activityof the NTG of Milano concerning the fields of nuclear (nuclei and neutron stars) and condensed (atomic clusters and fullerenes) matter withthat dealing with soft matter (proteins). During thelast years we have been able to solve, within lattice models, the protein folding problem, and thus understand the simplicity which is at thebasis of this extremely complex and fundamental phenomenon.


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Amatori Andrea Avogadro Paolo Bortignon P. Francesco Broglia Ricardo Colo' Gianluca Provasi Davide Simona Fabio Tiana Guido Vigezzi Enrico Viverit Luciano

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Rapp. Naz.: G. Casati

Rappresentante nazionale: G. CasatiStruttura di appartenenza: MIPosizione nell'I.N.F.N.:


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Caos e meccanica quantistica



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Max Planck − Dresda − DE Universidad autonoma de Pueblo − MexicoTechnion − Haifa − IL

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B) ATTIVITA' PREVISTA PER L'ANNO 2005Our collaboration is aimed at getting a more profound understanding ofboth classical chaotic systems and their quantum counterparts.The research is organized into two main lines: the former concernsthe analysis of problems of general interest (and to mention a fewcontributions we performed in recent years we cite the theoryof quantum dynamical localization, the analysis of properties ofband random matrices, the relationships between dynamical and spectralproperties of classical and quantum systems and the theory ofperiodic orbit expansions), while the latter focuses on applications,like the behaviour of atoms in strong fields, chaotic effects innuclear systems, the characterization of mesoscopic systemsand fundamental issues of quantum computation.


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Codice Esperimento GruppoPD21 4

Rapp. Naz.: Giovanni COSTA

Rappresentante nazionale: Giovanni COSTAStruttura di appartenenza: PDPosizione nell'I.N.F.N.:


Linea di ricerca

Fenomenologia delle interazioni fondamentali



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Aspetti fenomenologici delle estensioni delModello Standard; implicazioni cosmologiche

Apparatostrumentale

utilizzato


Padova, Firenze, Milano, Roma1, Roma3


CERNCSIC, UAM, MadridUniversity of California, Berkeley, USAGranada University, SpagnaEcole Normale Superieure, ParisICREA, Barcellona

Durata esperimento Continuazione


StrutturaMI


Resp. loc.: F. Caravaglios


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1,01,07,51,01,0

1,0

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7,02,0

26,53,02,0

9,03,0

36,04,03,0

0,00,00,00,00,0

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A) ATTIVITA' SVOLTA FINO A GIUGNO 2004

B) ATTIVITA' PREVISTA PER L'ANNO 2005


Annofinanziario

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199619971998199920002001200220032004

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84,9 15,0 319,5 419,4






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Rapp. Naz.: Giovanni Costa






Codice Esperimento GruppoPI11 4

Rapp. Naz.: P. Menotti

Rappresentante nazionale: P. MenottiStruttura di appartenenza: PIPosizione nell'I.N.F.N.:


Linea di ricerca

quantum field theory, renormalization group, conformalfield theory, statistical mechanics



dal laboratorio

Acceleratore usato

Fascio(sigla e

caratteristiche)


Apparatostrumentale

utilizzato


PI, MI1, RM1, LNF


New York U. , Ecole Normale Superiure, U. Firenze,Oxford U., CERN, Cyprus U., U. Torino. U. Roma2

Durata esperimento



StrutturaMI


Resp. loc.: S. Caracciolo


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SJ di cui SJ Collaborazioni interne all'iniziativa specifica. Partecipazione a convegni nazionali. 3,5

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Collaborazioni internazionali gia' avviate (Londra, Parigi, New York, Germania).Partecipazioni a convegni internazionali e scuole.

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B) ATTIVITA' PREVISTA PER L'ANNO 2005THE PI11 RESEARCH PROJECT

TITLE: Quantum field theory, renormalization group theory,conformal field theory, statistical mechanics.

KEYWORDS: quantum field theory, renormalization, renormalization group theory, quantum gravity, conformal field theory, statisticalmechanics, QCD, spin models.

MOTIVATIONS: The renormalization group and conformal field theory play a key role in the understanding of fundamental interactions andcritical phenomena.

In our research we pursued both lines with fruitful exchanges of ideas and techniques.

Here below we briefly report the main results obtained by our group over the last three years which concerns quantum gravity, Liouvilletheory, QCD in the lattice formulation, critical phenomena in statistical systems.

The people which take part to this research project belong to four sections of INFN in different towns (Frascati, Roma, Pisa, Milano) andform a homogeneous team which has been collaborating in various forms over the past years.

OUTLINE OF PAST ACTIVITY

1. There is an interesting connection between gravity in low dimensions (2 and 3 dimensional gravity) and conformal field theory[10,11,12]. The following results have been obtained

a) Hamiltonian formulation of 2+1 dimensional gravity [10]. This problem has been shown to be strictly related to two dimensionaleuclidean gravity (Liouville theory) and a conjecture put forward by Polyakov [see L. A. Takhtajan, Como Quantum Groups 1994:541−580(QC20:I61:1994) hep−th/9409088 ] in 2−dimensional conformal field theory with regard to accessory parameters of Poincare' whichappear in the uniformization problem. Actually the connection to 2+1 dimensional gravity has shown the way for the proof (rigorous) ofPolyakov conjecture for general elliptic singularities [11]. This identity plays an important role in 2−dimensional conformal field theory.

b) The so obtained hamiltonian formulation has been used to quantize 2+1 dimensional gravity in presence of point particles [10,12].

c) There are interesting conjectures [H. Dorn and H.J. Otto, Nucl. Phys. B429(1994) 375, J. Teschner, Phys. Lett. B363 (1995) 65,A.B.Zamolodchikov and Al.B. Zamolodchikov, hep−th/0101152] on the exact form of correlation functions in conformal Liouville theory. Thecase of the pseudosphere has been subject to extensive investigation [A.B. Zamolodchikov and Al.B. Zamolodchikov, hep−th/0101152 and16, 17]. The pseudosphere case is a highly non trivial example of quantum theory on curved spaces. This is full quantum theory on curvedspaces in the sense that there are several rigorous results and a formal proof that the correlation function are background independentprovided one keeps in the process of quantization the asymptotic behavior af AdS2.

2.

a) It is well known that the large−color limit of QCD is relevant to understand some of the fundamental mechanisms of strong interactions.We developed a project devoted to the study of the behavior of SU(N) gauge theories in the large−N limit, exploiting the lattice formulationof the theory, and nonperturbative techniques, such as Monte Carlo simulations. Within it, we mention the study of the spectrum ofconfining strings [14] and the theta dependence of the ground−state energy in SU(N) gauge theories [15]. Our reserach activity on QCDincludes also a study of the nature of the finite− temperature transition in QCD, and its dependence on the number of quark flavors, usingeffective phi4 theories [5].

b) A noncompact regularizaion has been developped of gauge theories on a lattice, whose main motivation is to stay closer to thecontinuum and therefore to have a faster approach to scaling, or, alternatively, to dispose of a larger physical lattice. We checked that thisexpectation is indeed verified and we extended [20] to SU(3) the regularization which was initially done for SU(2).

c) Motivated by the severe difficulties met in numerical simulations of QCD on a lattice at finite baryon density, we have investigated somefeatures of the coupling of the chemical potential in the path integral. The form of this coupling generally adopted was in fact proposed onlyon euristic grounds. We have therefore constructed an ab initio derivation of the path integral from the trace of the transfer matrix. Thecoupling of the chemical potential found in this way is not unique: in addition to the standard one we have given an alternative expressionwich is closer to the continuum. We have also constructed an expansion of the quark determinant in a series in the number ofquark−antiquark pairs.[21,22]

d) We developped [23] a new method of bosonization valid for many−body systems as well as relativistic field theories of fermions. It isbased on the evaluation of the partition function restricted to the bosonic composites of interest. By rewriting the partition function soobtained in functional form we get the euclidean action of the composite bosons from which we can derive the Hamiltonian. Suchaprocedure respects all the fermion symmetries.

3. Many critical phenomena in nature are described by theories with an N−component order parameter and a symmetry breaking patternO(N)−>O(N−1). We have substantially improved the theoretical estimates of many universal quantities, such as critical exponents andequation of state, for the most relevant Ising, XY, Heisenberg, O(4) universality classes corresponding to N=1,2,3,4, see e.g. [8,9]. Theseresults are reviewed in [18]. For example, in the Ising and XY cases our best estimates of the specific−heat exponent are alpha=0.1096(5)and alpha=−0.0146(8), which should be compared with most recent experimental results, e.g. alpha=0.111(1) in liquid−vapor transition(Ising) and alpha=−0.0127(3) in the superfluid transition of He4 (XY) investigated in a high−precision space− shuttle experiments.

We have also started an investigation for the symmetry breaking patternO(N)−>Z_2. This is particularly interesting in d=2 where a local order parameter associated to a continuous symmetry breaking cannotexist [25].

In nature, there are also interesting critical phenomena characterized by more complex symmetry breaking patterns exist; they can bedescribed by phi4 Landau−Ginzburg−Wilson (LGW) theories more general than the O(N) model. Among them we mention magneticmaterials with impurities, several frustrated magnetic systems characterized by a noncollinear ordered phase, the superfluid transition inHe3, critical behavior in the vicinity of a multicritical point, etc... The use of symbolic manipulation programs on a computer allowed us toperform perturbative computations to high orders for several physically interesting phi4 LGW theories, typically up to six loops;supplemented by an analysis of the behaviors of the expansion to high orders, they yielded accurate descriptions of the critical behavior ofthe corresponding systems [18,6,7,13]. Some of these results are reviewed in [18].

The possibility of extending ideas and field theoretic methods about critical phenomena from equilibrium to non−equilibrium statisticalmechanics would be of formidable interest. We concentrated on a very simple model of a driven lattice gas and we have been able toclarify the issue of finite−size−scaling for this kind of systems which show a strong anisotropy. This step has allowed us to understandbetter, by numerical simulations, the effective field theory which controls the critical behaviour of the model [26].

4. Quantum gravity is non−renormalizable by power counting. There exist power−counting non−renormalizable models that can berenormalized with special techniques. An example is the four−fermion model in three dimensions, that becomes renormalizable in thelarge−N expansion [Parisi, Nucl. Phys. B 100 (1975) 368]. The search for techniques to renormalize non−renormalizable quantum fieldtheories is challenging. Consistent irrelevant deformations of interacting conformal field theories can be constructed in four dimensions [1].These are finite or quasi−finite theories whose divergences can be removed with a finite number of renormalization constants andtherefore a finite number of independent parameters. In three spacetime dimensions it is possible to quantize gravity coupled withinteracting conformal matter as a finite theory [2].

The RG flow is a key tool to understand quantum field theory. An interesting research domain is the irreversibility of the RG flow. In evendimensions, especially useful are the central charges c and a, associated with the trace anomaly in external gravity. The irreversibility orthe RG flow can be related to the length of the RG flow and distance between the fixed points [3]. In odd dimensions, the irreversibility ofthe RG flow can be studied [3] using classically conformal RG flows interpolating between pairs of four−fermion models in threedimensions in the large−N expansion, constructed in [4].

OUTLINE OF PLANNED ACTIVITY

1. As already mentioned there are interesting conjectures on the exact form for correlation functions in quantum Liouville theory. Some ofthese conjectures have been verified in perturbation theory to high order for the to open topology (pseudosphere). Efforts will be producedto extend such calculation to the standard perturbation theory on the sphere and on the plane in presence of boundaries with the aim tounderstand the meaning of the (m,n) vacua for m and n not equal to one. A more engaging problem is the long standing question of therelation of quantum Liouville theory (two dimensional gravity or non critical string theory) and matrix models which up to now is stillconjectural.

2. We plan to continue the project of numerical investigation of the large−color limit of QCD.

3. We plan to apply the method of bosonization to the study of spontaneous chiral symmetry breaking in QCD, and to the derivation of aneffective action for the chiral mesons.

4. Off−equilibrium dynamics. We plan to study some issues related to aging phenomena in spin systems, such the scaling properties ofcorrelation and response functions.

5. Studies of spin systems in the presence of random anisotropy, that seem to undergo a transition to a glass phase.

6. The existence of a chiral universality class in N−component spin systems with symmetry−breaking pattern O(N)−>O(N−2) is still acontroversial issue. We plan to clarify this issue by using field theoretical and Monte Carlo methods.

7. The classification of divergences of quantum gravity is commonly considered an unreasonably difficult problem. One possibility is toidentity limiting situations where predictions are possible even if the theory contains infinitely many independent couplings. Anotherpossibility is to look for self−consistent conditions that relate the irrelevant couplings to the Newton constant and the cosmologicalconstant, so to quantize gravity as a quasi−finite theory. Indeed, in the presence of a cosmological constantsome precise statements canbe made.

8. Field theoretical methods have been shown to be very efficient to understand the asymptotic behaviour of combinatorial problems. Wehave new ides in this area, in particular by the use of fermionic fields. We hope to recover a new approach to a large class of problems[27].

ESSENTIAL BIBLIOGRAPHY.

Here below we report the essential reference related to the production of the group in the past three years.

A full list of references are found in the window "Pubblicazioni" where some references being collaboration among different section of the"Iniziativa" appear more than once. On the whole there are 65 distinct papers, 2 reports 7 published contribution to conferences andschools.

1. D. Anselmi, Consistent irrelevant deformations of interacting conformal field theories,JHEP 0310 (2003) 045 and hep−th/0309251.

2. D. Anselmi, Finiteness of quantum gravity coupled with matter in three spacetime dimensions,Nucl. Phys. B 687 (2004) 124 and hep−th/0309250.

3. D. Anselmi, Inequalities for trace anomalies, length of the RG flow, distance between the fixed points and irreversibility,Class. Quantum Grav. 21 (2004) 29 and hep−th/0210124.

4. D. Anselmi, "Integrability" of RG flows and duality in three dimensions in the 1/N expansion,Nucl. Phys. B 658 (2003) 440 and hep−th/0210123.

5. A. Butti, A. Pelissetto, E. Vicari, On the nature of the finite−temperature chiral transition in QCDJHEP 08 (2003) 029.

6. P. Calabrese, A. Pelissetto, E. Vicari, Multicritical behavior of O(n_1) + O(n_2)−symmetric systems,Phys. Rev. B 67 (2003)054505.

7. P. Calabrese, A. Pelissetto, E. Vicari, Crossover from random−dilute to random−field critical behavior in Ising systems,Phys. Rev. B 68 (2003) 092409.

8. M. Campostrini, A. Pelissetto, P. Rossi, E. Vicari, 25th order high−temperature expansion results for three−dimensional Ising−likesystems on the simple cubic lattice,Phys. Rev. E 65 (2002) 066127

9. M. Campostrini, M. Hasenbusch, A. Pelissetto, P. Rossi,

E. Vicari, Critical behavior of the XY universality class,Phys. Rev. B 63 (2001) 214503.

10) Luigi Cantini, Pietro Menotti, Domenico Seminara,Liouville theory, accessory parameters and (2+1) dimensional gravity,Nucl.Phys.B638:351−377,2002.

11) Luigi Cantini, Pietro Menotti, Domenico Seminara, Proof of Polyakov conjecture for general elliptic singularities.Phys.Lett.B517:203−209,2001.

12) Luigi Cantini, Pietro Menotti, Functional approach to (2+1)−dimensional gravity coupled to particles,Class.Quant.Grav.20:845−858,2003.

13. M. De Prato, A. Pelissetto, E. Vicari, The normal−to−planar

superfluid transition in He3,cond−mat/0312362.

14. L. Del Debbio, H. Panagopoulos, P. Rossi, and E. Vicari, Spectrum of confining strings in SU($N$) gauge theories,JHEP 01 (2002) 09.

15. L. Del Debbio, H. Panagopoulos, E. Vicari, theta dependence of SU(N) gauge theories,JHEP 08 (2002) 044.

16. P. Menotti, E. Tonni, The tetrahedron graph in Liouvilletheory on the pseudosphere,Phys.Lett.B586 (2004) 425−431.

17. P. Menotti, E. Tonni, Standard and geometric approaches to quantum liouville theory on the pseudosphere.IFUP−TH−2004−20, hep−th/0406014

18. A. Pelissetto, E. Vicari,Critical Phenomena and Renormalization Group Theory,Physics Reports 368 (2002) 549−727.

19. A. Pelissetto, P. Rossi, E. Vicari, The critical behavior of frustrated spin models with noncollinear order,Phys. Rev. B 63 (2001) 140414(R).

20. F. Palumbo and R.Scimia, Noncompact gauge fields on a lattice: SU(N) theoriesPhys. Rev. D65:074509, 2002

21. F.Palumbo,Transfer matrix with Kogut−Susskind fermionsPhys. Rev. D66, 075503, 2002

22. F.Palumbo,Series expansion of the quark determinant in the number of quark−antiquark pairsNucl.Phys. B 643: 391, 2002

23. F.Palumbo, The chemical potential in the transfer matrix and in the path integral formulation of gauge theories on a latticeNucl.Phys. B 645: 309, 2002

24. F.Palumbo, Bosonization in many−body systems and relativistic field theories,nucl−th/0405045

25. S. Caracciolo, A. Pelissetto, Two−Dimensional Heisenberg Model with Nonlinear Interactions, Phys.Rev. E 66 (2002), 016120

26. S. Caracciolo, A. Gambassi, M. Gubinelli, A. Pelissetto, Finite−Size Scaling in the Driven Lattice Gas, J. Stat. Phys. 115 (2004),281−−322

27. S. Caracciolo, J. Jacobsen, H. Saleur, A. D. Sokal, A. Sportiello,Fermionic field theory for trees and forests', submitted to Phys.Rev. Letts. (2004)


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Rapp. Naz.: R. Ferrari

Rappresentante nazionale: R. FerrariStruttura di appartenenza: MIPosizione nell'I.N.F.N.:


Linea di ricerca

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dal laboratorio

PI13 (ex Pisa7)

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Fascio(sigla e

caratteristiche)


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utilizzato


PI, MI, BO,TS


Physics Dept. University of Alberta, Edmond (Canada)Max−Planck Instiut, Monaco (Germania)LPTHE, Orsay(Francia)

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Resp. loc.: R. Ferrari


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Glenn Barnich, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, per approcio algebrico allarinormalizzazione

Tobias HURTH, Orsay, per renormalizzazione e calcoli a due loop

Luis OLIVER, Orsay, per violazione di CP

Dieter MAISON, Max−Planck, Monaco, per modifica delle leggi della gravitazione inconnessione con la materia oscura

Silvio Paolo SORELLA, Univ. statale di Rio de Janeiro, per condensati nella maximalabelian gauge

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B) ATTIVITA' PREVISTA PER L'ANNO 2005Title: Symmetries, topological properties and basic structures in gauge theories and statistical mechanics.

−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−Abstract

Bologna:

Spontaneous breaking of fundamental symmetries in 3+1, higher and lower dimensions

The goal of this project is to continue theoretical studies of different possibilities for spontaneous breaking of fundamental symmetries suchas Lorentz and chiral symmetry in 3+1 dimensions, translational symmetry in 4+1 dimensions, gravitational translations (Bose−Einsteincondensation) and electromagnetic gauge translations (Integer Quantum Hall Effect) triggered by impurities in the presence of backgroundfields in 1,2,3 dimensions in condensed matter physics.

1) The investigation of Lorentz and CPT symmetry breaking in QED supplemented with Chern−Simons and extra−galactic magnetic fields.This problem is of the highest interest as, by now, the existence of extra−galactic magnetic fields is rather well established and thepossible birefringence of radiowaves from quasars and radiogalaxies due to Lorentz and CPT breaking has to be revised. Preliminaryresults: the finite one−loop parity−odd induced effective action has been unambiguously calculated.

2) Domain wall generation by matter self−interaction in the presence of gravity and light particle (fermions, gauge bosons, gravitons)trapping on 3−branes. The brane−world scenario of multidimensional extension of the StandardModel has attracted much attention during the last five years giving certain alternatives in solution of mass and scale hierarchy problems.The author's approach is original and based on the possible self−interaction of the matter in five or more dimensions, which inducesdomain walls with the Standard Model particle trapping. The next stage of this project is about the inclusion of the five−dimensional gravityand cosmological constant, in order to find aself−consistent description of a thick 3−brane and the spectrum of light particles localized upon this brane.The preliminary results obtained in this direction:possible explanation for the appearance of light fermions and Higgs bosons on the four−dimensional domain wall, mechanism of lightparticle trapping accounted for by a self−interaction of five−dimensional pre−quarks, induced relation between low−energy couplings forYukawa and scalar field interactions allowing to make predictions for light particle masses and couplings, fluctuation ofthe brane giving rise to a nearly sterile scalar particles, branons, which might be good candidates for the Dark Matter.

3) Metastable condensates in the presence of uniform fieldsand localized impurities. It turns out to be very interesting to study the possibility of the realization of ametastable condensate and to predict its decay rate, like e.g. a Bose−Einstein condensate or a Landau band of electrons, in the presenceof a uniform gravitational or electromagnetic field. It becomes crucial to understand the role of the disorder, as realistically described byextremely localized impurities, in the quantum dynamicalmechanism that leads to the formation and decay of the condensate. It is planned to explicitely verify, if any, the Prange's conjecture whichis supposed to support the formation of the plateaux in the integer quantum Hall effect. It is our aim to obtain a close analytical form for theHall current and an accurate estimate of the decay rates of the Hall condensate. Preliminary results: the formation of a Bose−Einsteincondensate in the presence of a uniform gravitational field in D=1,2,3 spatial dimensions, theStark−like decay of a metastable model atom, in which the electrons are bounded by means of an attractive point−like potential in D=1,2,3

spatial dimensions, exhibiting remarkable deviations from the conventional exponential decay law.

Milano:

In the framework of Quantum Field Theory variousresearch activities are envisaged.

1) The Slavnov−Taylor identity will be studied for theorieswhere a symmetric regularization is not at hand. Thework already done by the group will be extended to themassless case. Moreover an improved technique will beused, which makes use of expansion on Slavnov−Taylor invariants instead of monomials

2) A project has been started aiming to study the limit ofinfinite mass for the Higgs field in the standard model.Various aspects are under consideration: 2.a) Quantization of the non−linear sigma model with particular care of the presence of anon−trivial Haar measure in the path integral integration.2.b) Lattice formulation of the non−linear sigma model oriented to the study of the phase transitions and of the correlation functions of thesigma−field. 2.c) Euristic study of the symmetry properties of the electroweak model in the limit of infinite mass for the Higgs field.

3) We consider gluon and ghost condensates of dimension two for Yang−Mills theories. The effective potential for on−shell BRSTinvariants gluon and ghost condensates of mass dimension 2 in SU(N) Yang−Mills theories are analysed by combining the local compositeoperator technique with the algebraic renormalization. We pay attention to the gauge parameter independence of the vacuum energyobtained in the considered framework.

4) The neutrino phenomenology is investigated with particular attention to the problem of mass and mixing angles determination. Thepossible textures of the mass matrices in the lepton sector compatible with the phenomenological data are checked by means of the mostrecent models of leptogenesis.

Pisa:

The derivation of fundamental, qualitative, in particular non perturbative effects in gauge theories still presents problematic aspects, to beunderstood both in conceptual and mathematical terms and in relation with similar problems in many body theory and statisticalmecahnics.We are especially interested in the structural and physical implications of Gupta−Bleuler and BRS conditions, which play a crucial role forthe analysis of the physical content of local and covariant formulations of gauge theories; in particular in the effects produced by the Diracexponential factors which are necessary for the construction of charged states in QED and QCD and in the role of the GB and BRSconditions in relation with symmetries and with the spectra which are associated to their spontaneous breaking.A second line of research is devoted to the fundamental structures of Quantum Mechanics in relation with the ideas and requirements ofGeneral Relativity, especially invariance under diffeomorphisms and non commutativity of the space−time geometry.

Recent results include: the analysis of the effects associated to Dirac factors in the perturbative formulation of Steinmann, the analysis ofspace−like correlations on charged stats in QED and of their implication on the general theory of supeselection sectors, the study of the(infrared) convergence problems of the construction of charged states in Feynman−Gupta−Bleuler QED, the classification ofrepresentations of the CCR without positivity, the proof that for Schroedinger composite systems only product states admit a trajectoryinterpretation.

The main directions of developement are:1. A more precise description of electromagnetic fields on charged states in QED and the analysis of implications on the asymptoticdynamics of charged fields.2. The perturbative analysis of classes of (charged, non local) solutions of the BRS conditions in QED and QCD and of their consequenceson the classification of the states.3. An analysis of boundary effects in gauge theories in presence of topological numbers, in relation with the possibility of a natural solutionof the strong CP problem.4. Quantum Mechanics on manifolds, invariant under the diffeomorphism group, and implications on Non−commutative Geometry andGeneral Relativity.


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Rapp. Naz.: Kenichi KonishiRappresentante nazionale: Kenichi KonishiStruttura di appartenenza: PIPosizione nell'I.N.F.N.:

PROGRAMMA DI RICERCA

A) INFORMAZIONI GENERALI

Linea di ricercaNONPERTURBATIVE DYNAMICS OF GAUGE THEORIES AND

RELATED PROBLEMS IN QFT, STRING THEORIES AND STATISTICALMECHANICS


Sigla delloesperimento assegnata dallaboratorio

Acceleratore usato

Fascio(sigla e caratteristiche)


Apparato strumentaleutilizzato


Istituzioni esterne all'Entepartecipante

Durata esperimento

B) SCALA DEI TEMPI : piano di svolgimento

PERIODO ATTIVITA' PREVISTA

Mod EN. 1 (a cura del responsabile nazionale)

mailto:


StrutturaMI


Resp. loc.: Luca Molinari


VOCIDI




SJ di cui SJ Spese di viaggio per collaborazione e partecipazione a workshop e convegni 1,0

1,0

Spese di viaggio per partecipazione a workshop e convegni 3,0

3,0






StrutturaMI








Rapp. Naz.: Kenichi Konishi


In KEuro

Struttura


caricodi altriEnti

Missioniinterne

SJ

Inviti

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4,02,01,03,04,02,01,51,01,0

6,03,01,51,5

2,0

5,06,53,07,0

12,04,01,53,02,5

9,08,54,0

16,019,0

7,54,54,05,5

0,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,0

19,5 14,0 44,5 78,0




Nuovo esperimento GruppoPI62 4


Title:

NONPERTURBATIVE DYNAMICS OF GAUGE THEORIES AND RELATED PROBLEMS IN QFT,STRING THEORIES AND STATISTICAL MECHANICS

Research Project, Generalities:

The PI62 Project Group aims to make in−depth investigations on many non−perturbative aspects ofgauge field theories, string theory and statistical mechanics. Some of the concrete issues which willbe studied are:Instantons in Gauge Theories and in String Theory, Confinement and Dynamical SymmetryBreaking in 4D Gauge Theories, Possible other phases in QFT, QCD, Domain Walls, Monopolesand Vortices, Supersymmetric Gauge Theories, Large N techniques, MQCD, Topological FieldTheories, Exact Results in 4D Gauge Theories, String Theories, Tachyon Condensation in StringTheory, etc.

This area of study gained recently a renewed interest and impetus for new developments. Weintend to pursue further the research aimed at clarifying these and related problems. One of thecharacteristics of this area of research is that it is quite interdisciplinary, as exemplified by thecommon nonperturbative techniques used in the field theory/statistical mechanics/string theory, useof results from apparently unrelated research fields such as the solid state physics and algebraicgeometry, solitons seen in field theory, statistical mechanics and string theory, etc., and to face theseproblems we need constant updating of our knowledge and techniques. It is therefore fundamentalthat we promote a synergy of researchers expert in different fields, exchange of information, promoteinteractions among experts, young researchers and graduate students.Within our project we therefore intend to organize exchange of visits, seminars, and smallworkshops in which a few foreign researchers, in particular those active in Europe, will also beinvolved. We wish to create occasions of discussions and for effective collaborations among themembers of the collaboration.

The research projects:

(i) Study of nonabelian monopoles, vortices and their roles in confinementand/or dynamical symmetry breaking; Study of phases and dynamics of wide classes of N=4, 2, 1supersymmetric gauge theories; Lessons for QCD(PI, PD, PR, RM2 groups);

(ii) Study of multi−instanton effects in string theories and in 4D supersymmetric gauge theories(RM2, PD, PI groups);

(iii) Analysis of gauge theories in noncommutative / non−anticommutativespacetimes(PR, FI, PD groups);

(iv) Use of large N_c techniques; exploration of the idea of planar equivalence between N=0 andN=1 super Yang−Mills theories(FI, PR groups);

Besides these main themes of research, our activities will be further complemented and enriched bythe work covering the following research fields:

(v) Study of tachyon condensation in string theory (TN group),Unitarity in string theory (PD group);

(vi) Non−equilibrium statistical mechanics; Variational approach to QFT(BA group);

(vii) Topological field theories (PD group);

(viii) Low−dimensional gravity, CFT, Relation to BFKL equations (FI group)

−−−−−

For more details about the scientific activities, results obtained and future projects of eachsubgroups, see the following PDF file, Activity.pdf.



Nuovo esperimento GruppoPI62 4







PREVISIONE DI SPESA


In KEuro

ANNIFINANZIARI

Missioniinterne


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TOTALECompet.

2005

TOTALI

19,5 14,0 44,5 78,0

19,514,0 44,5 0,0 0,0 0,0 0,0 0,0 78,0



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algruppo

% NTECNOLOGI

Cognome e Nome

Qualifica



Tecnol. 1 Molinari Luca R.U. 4 100


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Assoc. tecnica


11


00







Codice Esperimento GruppoPR21 4

Rapp. Naz.: Paolo Nason

Rappresentante nazionale: Paolo NasonStruttura di appartenenza: MIPosizione nell'I.N.F.N.:


Linea di ricerca

TEORIA DI CAMPO DELLE INTERAZIONI FONDAMENTALI



dal laboratorio

Acceleratore usato

Fascio(sigla e

caratteristiche)


Apparatostrumentale

utilizzato


CS, FE, FI, MI, PD, PR, PV


Durata esperimento



StrutturaMI


Resp. loc.: Paolo Nason


VOCIDI




SJ di cui SJ Attivita' con collaboratori italiani 3,0

3,0

Invito per Giulia Zanderighi (Fermilab) 1 mese

Invito per Matteo Cacciari (Paris, LPTHE), 20gg

1,5

1,02,5

Visite ad istituzioni di ricerca e partecipazione a congressi all'estero 5,0

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6,02,09,05,00,5

10,010,0

16,54,0

12,510,5

2,013,015,0

0,00,00,00,00,00,00,0

19,0 12,0 42,5 73,5








B) ATTIVITA' PREVISTA PER L'ANNO 2005The IS is mainly focussed upon QCD and QCDapplications to Standard Model Physics. The broad lines of researchare the following:1) QCD at colliders: NLO and NNLO calculations of collider processes,soft gluon resummation, QCD tests in e^+e^− collisions,non−perturbative corrections.2) QCD in the high energy regime: small x physics, BFKL pomeron,diffraction.3) Monte Carlo generators for collider physics.4) QCD applications to heavy flavour decays.

Several of these topics are studied in collaborations involving more INFN sections of the IS.

Here is a more specific description of the activities:

1) QCD at CollidersIn Milan and Florence (Oleari, Grazzini, Catani) there is considerablework on NNLO QCD corrections to collider processes. Furthermore,soft gluon resummation studies in important collider processes (i.e.Higgs production) are carried out (Catani, Nason). In Milan thereis current interest in heavy flavour production and fragmentationphenomena (Nason, Oleari).In Milan there is interest in jet studies, BFKL dynamics applied to jets,jet shape variables (Marchesini)..In Pavia there is broad interest in hadron collider phenomenology.Intermediate energy QCD virtual processes affect the running ofthe electromagnetic coupling constant, and are studied by theParma group.

2) QCD in the High Energy regimeThe following topics are considered:BFKL at NLO) Firenze, CosenzaBFKL dynamics) Cosenza, Padova, MilanoHigh energy neutrino−nucleon cross sections (Cosenza, Padova)Diffractive production of vector mesons.

3) In Milano there is ongoing interest in Shower Monte Carlo programs(HERWIG). New shower algorithms are being studied, and improvements for theinclusion of NLO corrections are considered. The Pavia and Ferrara groupsare involved in automatic generation of multiparticle cross sections(ALPGEN).

4) Bottom meson decays are studied in the Milano group (Uraltsev)and in the Parma group. There is in particular interest in inclusivesemileptonic decays, vub and vcb determination, PT resummationin exclusive, zero recoil heavy−to=heavy decays.


Annofinanziario

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1,51,01,53,02,02,01,02,09,0

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6,73,5

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12,212,316,4

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36,0

23,0 10,5 71,6 105,1






PREVISIONE DI SPESA


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ANNIFINANZIARI

Missioniinterne


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TOTALECompet.

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TOTALI

19,0 12,0 42,5 73,5

19,012,0 42,5 0,0 0,0 0,0 0,0 0,0 73,5



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algruppo

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Qualifica



Tecnol. 12345

Marchesini Giuseppe Nason Paolo Oleari Carlo Sartirana Andrea Uraltsev Nikolai

D.R.

D.R.

P.O.

P.C.Dott.

44444

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54.7


00







Codice Esperimento GruppoRT21 4

Rapp. Naz.: Mario GRECO

Rappresentante nazionale: Mario GRECOStruttura di appartenenza: RM3Posizione nell'I.N.F.N.:


Linea di ricerca

Fenomenologia interazioni fondamentali.


Dip. di Fisica Roma III


dal laboratorio

Acceleratore usato

Fascio(sigla e

caratteristiche)


Apparatostrumentale

utilizzato


RM3, GE, MI.


CERN

Durata esperimento



StrutturaMI


Resp. loc.: Stefano Forte


VOCIDI





3,0

Invito per J.Latorre

Invito per R.Ball

1,5

1,53,0


4,0






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0,00,00,0

11,5 12,0 23,0 46,5








B) ATTIVITA' PREVISTA PER L'ANNO 2005PHENOMENOLOGY OF FUNDAMENTAL INTERACTIONS

We study various aspects of the phenomenology of the standard model and some of its possible extensions, with special regard to thephysics of relevance for the present and future high−energy facilities, as B−factories, Tevatron, LHC, neutrino oscillation experiments ande+e− linear colliders.

Special emphasis has been devoted to the following topics:

−−Flavour physics and CP violation within and beyond thestandard model:CKM matrix elements and analysis of the unitaritytriangle;Rare decays of the b−quark;Non−leptonic B−decays;−−Neutrino masses in GUT models;−−Higgs and supersymmetry;−−Quark masses and weak matrix elements with lattice QCD;−−Heavy quark production and decays: NLO QCD radiativecorrections, with analysis of exclusive decay modes andproduction cross sections;−−All order resummation of kinematically enhancedcontributions in the perturbative expansion;−−Polarized and unpolarized structure functions:determination of parton distributions and precision testsof QCD;−−Structure functions at small x: high−energy behaviour andfactorization theorems;−−Electroweak amplitudes for very high−energy e+e−colliders;−−QCD−based MonteCarlo studies for LHC experiments.

The future activity will be centered along the research lines indicated above and represents their natural development.

In the field of flavour physics, the increasing precision of the data requires a further improvement of the theoretical interpretations. Weintend pursuing this activity with the following purposes:− a higher accuracy in the determination of the CKM matrix elements and in the analysis of the unitarity triangle and of CP violation in theStandard Model will be achieved by including in the analysis the new experimental results aswell as by improving the determination of the theoretical input parameters, particularly the hadronic matrix elements computed with latticeQCD simulations;− The study of quark mixing and of CP symmetry violation will be extended in the framework of new physics models, in particularsupersymmetry and "minimal flavour violation" models;

− The analytic calculations of the two−loop SUSY corrections to flavour processes, in particular Delta F=2, will be completed;− For non−leptonic B decays, phenomenological models will be further developed, also on the basis of the new experimental resultsexpected from the B−factories;− The new experimental results on neutrino masses and mixing angles will be further analyzed within GUTs and theories with extradimensions.

In the field of electroweak physics, the research program will include:− improving the theoretical prediction of the Higgs boson mass in the Standard Model and beyond for a better comparison between theoryand experiments. More specifically, we intend to obtain the complete theoretical prediction, at the two−loop level, of the electroweakeffective mixing angle. In the electroweak sector, we also intend to continue the study of very high energy interactions, applied in particularto the calculation of production processes at LHC and electron−positron linear colliders.

In the context of strong interactions physics, the studies of partonic structure functions in the small (and intermediate) x region will befurther developed, and the phenomenological comparison of the results with the experimental data will be extended,in particular bydeveloping the phenomenology of the joint GLAP−BFKL resummation which has been developed in recent years. The resummation of theperturbative series in the soft−gluon emission region (large−x) will also be pursued, with the purpose of putting previous results on a firmertheoretical footing, thereby allowing their extension to other cases of physical interest.The present results obtained in the Regge region for the polarized singlet and non−singlet structure functions will be extended to theunpolarized cases.The study of power corrections, already performed in the case of the nucleon structure functions, will be extended to the data of deepinelastic scattering on nuclei. Finally, quark model calculations of the generalized parton distributions will be performed and the connectionbetween this model and the QCD sum rules will be investigated.The use of neural networks as unbiased interpolants, already developed for a precision description of structure functions, will be applied toa quantitative determination of parton distributions and the associate errors.

The development of QCD−MonteCarlos for LHC is quickly rising as the start of the experiments is approaching. The plan is improving thematching of fixed−order calculations with parton−shower approaches to fully simulate multi−jet final states which are the mainbackgrounds for the discovery of Higgs and SUSY particles. In addition, single−top production will be studied which could be also usefulfor the measurement of Vtb.

As far as the studies of non−perturbative QCD are concerned, we will continue the research activity based on numerical simulations oflattice QCD. The proposed goals include the first lattice calculation of the SU(3) breaking effects in semileptonic kaon and hyperon decays;a higher precision study of B physics, in particular of the semileptonic and radiative decays and of the mixing processes of neutral Bmesons; the study of weak decays of K mesons into two pions; the calculation of the neutron electric dipole moment. A significantlyincreased accuracy in lattice determinations will be achieved by removing in the numerical simulations the "quenched approximation"which is the main source of systematic error in the results obtained on the lattice, estimated to be typically between 10 and 20%.


Annofinanziario

Missioniinterne


Materiale diconsumo


Spese dicalcolo



1999200020032004

TOTALE

5,17,79,5 5,5

13,417,527,0

18,525,242,0

22,3 5,5 57,9 85,7






PREVISIONE DI SPESA


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ANNIFINANZIARI

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2005

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11,5 12,0 23,0 46,5

11,512,0 23,0 0,0 0,0 0,0 0,0 0,0 46,5



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algruppo

% NTECNOLOGI

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Tecnol. 123

Bolzoni Paolo Forte Stefano Poloni Guy Umberto

P.O.Dott.

Dott.

444

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Codice Esperimento GruppoTS11 4

Rapp. Naz.: BONORA Loriano

Rappresentante nazionale: BONORA LorianoStruttura di appartenenza: TSPosizione nell'I.N.F.N.:


Linea di ricerca

Toeria dei campi e delle stringhe



dal laboratorio

TS11 (ex Padova10)

Acceleratore usato

Fascio(sigla e

caratteristiche)


Apparatostrumentale

utilizzato


BO, GE, MI, PD, PG, PI, PV, RM, RM2, TS


Durata esperimento



StrutturaMI


Resp. loc.: P. Cotta Ramusino


VOCIDI




SJ di cui SJ Collaborazioni e partecipazioni a Workshop 2,0

2,0

Collaborazioni e partecipazioni a Workshop 5,0

5,0






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BOGEMIPDPGPIPVRM1RM2TS

TOTALI

5,0

2,04,02,53,04,02,0

10,02,5

2,01,0

4,0

5,03,05,0

5,01,05,0

12,0

6,06,09,5

18,08,0

12,02,07,0

20,02,59,0

10,016,531,015,5

0,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,0

35,0 20,0 70,5 125,5








B) ATTIVITA' PREVISTA PER L'ANNO 2005The historical title of this IS, i.e. "Application of differential geometric and topologicalmethods to field and string theory" is a bit outdated with respect to thedevelopments the collaboration has had over the years. A more realistic title couldbe "Advanced developments ingauge and string theories". Anyhow here are someheadings for the topics recently covered by the IS:

1) STRING AND BRANE THEORIES AND THEIR DUALITIES.2) QUANTUM GRAVITY, COSMOLOGY AND BLACK HOLES.3) ORDINARY AND NONCOMMUTATIVE GAUGE FIELD THEORIES.4) 2D FIELD THEORIES.

The IS involves almost 60 researchers from ten INFN sections. This year a newgroup from Bologna has joined it.Like in the past, we had in Decembre 2003 a general meeting in Perugia, withmany participants also from outsidethe IS, and 12 talks.

Let us review the research activity during the last year.

STRING AND BRANE THEORIES.

One of the themes developed has been based on the suggestion made byDijkgraaf and Vafa that the effective superpotential in N=1 gauge theories can beobtained via a perturbativecalculation in a simple matrix model. This and the alternative approach of Cachazo,Douglas, Seiberg andWitten via the Konishi anomaly, have produced a great dealof research in Padova, Trieste and also on Roma2. In this respect it is worthrecalling the papers by M.Matone and collaborators (Padova) and the explicitcalculations of the superpotentials and their gravitaional corrections byF.Alday, M.Cirafici and E.Gava (Trieste).

Another dominant subject of research has been the AdS/CFTduality and its developments, in particular the pp−wave backgrounds. This type ofresearch has been mostly carried out in Roma2, but other sections haveoccasionally contributed to it. In this regards one should mention in particular theresults obtained by M.Bianchi and collaborators on the AdS/CFT correspondencebetween type IIB superstring on AdS^5xS^5 around the point of enhanced higherspin symmetry, which shows perfect agreement between the spectrum ofsingle−trace gauge invariant operators and the spectrum of string excitations

extrapolated from the BMN limit to vanishing coupling. In a related context we recallM.O'Loughlin and collaborators' work (in Trieste) on the Penrose limit, in particularof the Godel metric.

A third relevant topic has been tachyon condensation andstring field theory, a reaserch carried out in Trieste.It should be mentioned that in this context a new solutionof vacuum string field theory has been found, the dressedsliver, which (finally!) satisfies all the requisites for representing an (unstable)D−brane.

Under the heading of string theory we should perhaps classify the activity in higherspins fields dynamics,which has undergone a strong boost in the last period,both in Padova (M.Tsulaia, D.Sorokin and collaborators) andin Roma2 (A.Sagnotti and collaborators).

The activity in string theory is not limited to the above topics. There have been othersignificant contributionsin Padova (supergravity problems in 10D), Milano, Roma2(orientifolds) and Pisa (branes and defects, M.Mintchev et al.).

QUANTUM GRAVITY, COSMOLOGY AND BLACK HOLES.

This has probably been the sector with the largest derivative during the last year.The interconnection withcosmology renders it extremely attractive due to the wealthof recently collected experimental data. In this contextone should quote the work of the Bologna group on black−holes; the research inPavia on Regge triangulations,on holographic principle as well as on relativisticcosmology; various contributions from G.Amelino−Cameliaand coworkers on possible observable effects of a non−commutative space−timeand of loop quantum gravity.Finally one should mention the work on "asymptotic safety"quantunm gravity by R.Percacci and collaborators in Triesteand the research of E.Guadagnini (Pisa) on gyroscopic effects in gravity.

GAUGE THEORIES (ORDINARY AND NON−COMMUTATIVE)

This remains a very important research ground for our initiative. Naturally many ofthe subjects already mentionedcould be classified under this heading. But there arespecific contributions, which come especially from Rome1.Beside the above mentioned research on noncommutative space−time, there arethe works on exact renormalizationgroup by Yoshida, Arnone and Guerra and the research onlarge N QCD by Bochicchio. One should not forgetthe research on topological BF theories in Milano.

2D FIELD THEORIES.

Conformal and integrable field theories form the backgroundof many developments in string and brane theories andgauge theories. However sometime they are studied on their own. This is the caseof the research carried out byBandelloni in Genova (W symmetry), the study of (integrable)field theories with impurities in Pisa, the t−J model (Padova). Finally mentionshould be madefor the work on fuzzy spheres carried out by Immirziand collaborators (Perugia) and q−computation (A.Marzuoli,Pavia).

PROGRAM FOR THE FUTURE.

The research programs for the future are mostly a prolongation of the past activity.Naturally many participants to the IS insist on past themes wheneverthey have been particularly successful or promising.

This is the case for AdS/CFT correspondence, Dijkgraaf−Vafaprogram for N=1 effective superpotentials, higher spingauge fields, properties of supersymmetric field theories,exact renormalization group, field theory models with defects, noncommutativespaces, loop quantum gravity.There is however a trend toward covering cosmologicalaspects and searching results of cosmological relevanceThere are also some new entries:− New types of black−holes and new braneworld scenarios (Bologna);− Octonions and manifolds with special holonomy (Milano);− Open−closed string duality (Pavia);− Exact renormalization group without supersymmetry (Roma1);− Exact time−dependent solutions in String Field Theory (Trieste).


Annofinanziario

Missioniinterne


Materiale diconsumo


Spese dicalcolo



199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004

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15,413,410,3

9,210,3

9,213,913,920,117,021,530,5

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29,426,832,533,036,130,933,553,955,847,060,075,5

44,840,250,052,549,444,254,180,190,974,591,5

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20,020,021,022,0

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125,5127,0131,0135,0

143,083,0 292,5 0,0 0,0 0,0 0,0 0,0 518,5



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Tecnol. 12345

Abbati Maria Cristina Cotta Ramusimo Paolo Mania' Alessandro Martellini Maurizio Pizzocchero Livio

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Struttura GruppoMI 4

Coordinatore: Mario Pernici

COMPOSIZIONE DEI GRUPPI DI RICERCA: A) − RICERCATORIComponenti del Gruppo e ricerche alle quali partecipano:

N. Cognome e Nome

Qualifica

Affer.al

gruppo

Ricerche del gruppo in %Percentuale

impegnoin altri gruppi

Dipendenti Incarichi

Ruolo Art. 23 Ricerca Assoc. I II III V

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

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Abbati Maria Cristina

Amatori Andrea

Antonelli Vito

Artuso Roberto

Avogadro Paolo

Baldicchi Massimiliano

Barchielli Alberto

Bassetti Bruno

Belgiorno Francesco

Benza Vincenzo

Bolzoni Paolo

Boni Matteo

Bonometto Silvio

Bortignon P. Francesco

Brambilla Nora

Broglia Ricardo

Butera Paolo

Butti Agostino

Cacciatori Sergio

Caldarelli Marco

Caracciolo Sergio

Caravaglios Francesco

Cardella Matteo

Casati Giulio

Casero Roberto

Colo' Gianluca

Colombo Loris Pierluigi

Cotta Ramusimo Paolo

Del Giudice Emilio

Destri Claudio

I Ric

I Ric

R.U.

P.O.

P.O.

P.O.

R.U.

R.U.

P.O.

P.O.

Dott.

AsRic

P.A.

Dott.

DIS

P.O.

R.U.

Bors.

P.A.

Dott.

Dott.

R.U.

Dott.

AsRic

AsRic

P.O.

Dott.

P.O.

Dott.

Dott.

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

3

4

3

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

100

100

20

100

50

50

100

80

30

30

30

30

100

50

50

100

100

50

100

70

100

25

100

100

50

20

50

50

75

50

Ricercatori 5 5.3 7 5 1.75 5 4.5 3.7 7.75 3

Note: L.Trentadue: "altri impegni"=PR21 70%(PR gr.IV), + LHCB 30% (MI GR.I) P.S. APE: C.Destri 10%,R.Frezzotti10%,G.Marchesini 10%,F.Rapuano 40%

INSERIRE I NOMINATIVI IN ORDINE ALFABETICO (N.B.NON VANNO INSERITI I LAUREANDI)

1) PER I DIPENDENTI2) PER GLI INCARICHI DI RICERCA3) PER GLI INCARICHI DI ASSOCIAZIONE

4) INDICARE IL GRUPPO DI AFFERENZA

Indicare il profilo INFNIndicare la Qualifica Universitaria (P.O. P.A. R.U.) o Ente di rappresentanzaIndicare la Qualifica Universitaria o Ente di appartenenza per Dipendenti altri Enti:Bors.) Borsista; B−P−D) Post−Doc; B.Str.) Borsista straniero; Perf.) Perfezionando;Dott.) Dottorando; AsRic) Assegno di ricerca; S.Str) Studioso straniero;DIS) Docente Istituto Superiore

(N.B.NON VANNO INSERITI I LAUREANDI)

Mod G1





N. Cognome e Nome

Qualifica

Affer.al

gruppo


impegnoin altrigruppi



31

32

33

34

35

36

37

38

39

40

41

42

43

44

45

46

47

48

49

50

51

52

53

54

55

56

57

58

59

60

Donati Paola

Ewerz Carlo

Ferrari Ruggero

Forte Stefano

Frezzotti Roberto

Galgani Luigi

Gallone Franco

Garattini Remo

Giorgilli Antonio

Girardello Luciano

Gorini Vittorio

Klemm Dietmar

Lanz Ludovico

Lunari Andrea

Lupieri Giancarlo

Maccio' Andrea

Maghini Stefano

Mainini Roberto

Mania' Alessandro

Mantica Giorgio

Marchesini Giuseppe

Martellini Maurizio

Mazzanti Liuba

Melis Dario

Miccio Concetta

Mognetti Bortolo Matteo

Molinari Luca

Morisi Stefano

Moroni Elisabetta

Moschella Ugo

P.O.

P.O.

P.O.

P.O.

P.O.

R.U.

P.O.

P.A.

Bors.

B.P.D.

AsRic

P.O.

P.A.

R.U.

P.O.

R.U.

Dott.

R.U.

Dott.

Dott.

AsRic

R.U.

Dott.

Dott.

Dott.

Dott.

R.U.

Dott.

Bors.

P.A.

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

100

100

20

100

100

100

75

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

25

Ricercatori 5 5.3 7 5 1.75 5 4.5 3.7 7.75 3







Mod G1





N. Cognome e Nome

Qualifica

Affer.al

gruppo





61

62

63

64

65

66

67

68

69

70

71

72

73

74

75

76

77

78

79

80

81

82

83

84

85

86

87

88

89

90

Nason Paolo

Oleari Carlo

Parravicini Guido

Penati Silvia

Pernici Mario

Petkou Anastasio

Piazza Federico

Picariello Marco

Pizzocchero Livio

Pizzochero Pierre

Poloni Guy Umberto

Prosperi Giovanni Maria

Provasi Davide

Puddu Giovanni

Quadri Andrea

Raciti Mario

Rago Antonio

Rapuano Federico

Ratcliffe Philip

Recami Erasmo

Riva Franco

Romagnoni Alberto

Salesi Giovanni

Santambrogio Alberto

Sartirana Andrea

Silva Pedro

Simona Fabio

Sportiello Andrea

Tartaglino Gabriele

Tiana Guido

D.R.

I Ric

P.A.

P.A.

P.A.

P.O.

R.U.

R.U.

P.S.

P.A.

R.U.

P.C.

P.A.

B.UE

AsRic

DIS

Dott.

AsRic

AsRic

AsRic

P.A.

Dott.

R.U.

AsRic

Dott.

B.UE

AsRic

AsRic

Dott.

AsRic

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

100

20

20

20

80

40

80

80

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

50

100

50

Ricercatori 5 5.3 7 5 1.75 5 4.5 3.7 7.75 3







Mod G1





N.Cognome e

Nome

Qualifica

Affer.al

gruppo





91

92

93

94

95

96

97

98

99

100

101

Trentadue Luca

Trincherini Enrico

Uraltsev Nikolai

Vacchini Bassano

Vairo Antonio

Vicini Alessandro

Vigezzi Enrico

Viverit Luciano

Zaffaroni Alberto

Zanon Daniela

Zecca Antonio

I Ric

D.R.

P.O.

P.A.

P.O.

R.U.

Dott.

R.U.

P.C.

AsRic

AsRic

4

4

4

4

4

4

3

4

4

4

4

50

100

100

100

100

30

50

70

Ricercatori 5 5.3 7 5 1.75 5 4.5 3.7 7.75 3







Mod G1





N. Cognome e Nome

Qualifica

Affer.al

gruppo





1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30


Amatori Andrea

Antonelli Vito

Artuso Roberto

Avogadro Paolo


Barchielli Alberto

Bassetti Bruno

Belgiorno Francesco

Benza Vincenzo

Bolzoni Paolo

Boni Matteo

Bonometto Silvio


Brambilla Nora

Broglia Ricardo

Butera Paolo

Butti Agostino

Cacciatori Sergio

Caldarelli Marco

Caracciolo Sergio


Cardella Matteo

Casati Giulio

Casero Roberto

Colo' Gianluca



Del Giudice Emilio

Destri Claudio

I Ric

I Ric

R.U.

P.O.

P.O.

P.O.

R.U.

R.U.

P.O.

P.O.

Dott.

AsRic

P.A.

Dott.

DIS

P.O.

R.U.

Bors.

P.A.

Dott.

Dott.

R.U.

Dott.

AsRic

AsRic

P.O.

Dott.

P.O.

Dott.

Dott.

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

3

4

3

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

100

100

100

100

100

100

70

60

100

100

100

50

20

50

50

75

50

Ricercatori 12.5 4 2.4 11 1 2 4 4.7 1 2.5







Mod G1





N. Cognome e Nome

Qualifica

Affer.al

gruppo





31

32

33

34

35

36

37

38

39

40

41

42

43

44

45

46

47

48

49

50

51

52

53

54

55

56

57

58

59

60

Donati Paola

Ewerz Carlo

Ferrari Ruggero

Forte Stefano

Frezzotti Roberto

Galgani Luigi

Gallone Franco

Garattini Remo

Giorgilli Antonio

Girardello Luciano

Gorini Vittorio

Klemm Dietmar

Lanz Ludovico

Lunari Andrea

Lupieri Giancarlo

Maccio' Andrea

Maghini Stefano

Mainini Roberto

Mania' Alessandro

Mantica Giorgio

Marchesini Giuseppe

Martellini Maurizio

Mazzanti Liuba

Melis Dario

Miccio Concetta


Molinari Luca

Morisi Stefano

Moroni Elisabetta

Moschella Ugo

P.O.

P.O.

P.O.

P.O.

P.O.

R.U.

P.O.

P.A.

Bors.

B.P.D.

AsRic

P.O.

P.A.

R.U.

P.O.

R.U.

Dott.

R.U.

Dott.

Dott.

AsRic

R.U.

Dott.

Dott.

Dott.

Dott.

R.U.

Dott.

Bors.

P.A.

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

100

100

100

100

100

90

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

70

100

100

25

Ricercatori 12.5 4 2.4 11 1 2 4 4.7 1 2.5







Mod G1





N. Cognome e Nome

Qualifica

Affer.al

gruppo





61

62

63

64

65

66

67

68

69

70

71

72

73

74

75

76

77

78

79

80

81

82

83

84

85

86

87

88

89

90

Nason Paolo

Oleari Carlo

Parravicini Guido

Penati Silvia

Pernici Mario

Petkou Anastasio

Piazza Federico

Picariello Marco

Pizzocchero Livio

Pizzochero Pierre

Poloni Guy Umberto


Provasi Davide

Puddu Giovanni

Quadri Andrea

Raciti Mario

Rago Antonio

Rapuano Federico

Ratcliffe Philip

Recami Erasmo

Riva Franco

Romagnoni Alberto

Salesi Giovanni


Sartirana Andrea

Silva Pedro

Simona Fabio

Sportiello Andrea

Tartaglino Gabriele

Tiana Guido

D.R.

I Ric

P.A.

P.A.

P.A.

P.O.

R.U.

R.U.

P.S.

P.A.

R.U.

P.C.

P.A.

B.UE

AsRic

DIS

Dott.

AsRic

AsRic

AsRic

P.A.

Dott.

R.U.

AsRic

Dott.

B.UE

AsRic

AsRic

Dott.

AsRic

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

50

100

100

100

100

20

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

50

50

Ricercatori 12.5 4 2.4 11 1 2 4 4.7 1 2.5







Mod G1





N.Cognome e

Nome

Qualifica

Affer.al

gruppo





91

92

93

94

95

96

97

98

99

100

101

Trentadue Luca

Trincherini Enrico

Uraltsev Nikolai

Vacchini Bassano

Vairo Antonio

Vicini Alessandro

Vigezzi Enrico

Viverit Luciano

Zaffaroni Alberto

Zanon Daniela

Zecca Antonio

I Ric

D.R.

P.O.

P.A.

P.O.

R.U.

Dott.

R.U.

P.C.

AsRic

AsRic

4

4

4

4

4

4

3

4

4

4

4

100

100

100

100

100

30

50

70

Ricercatori 12.5 4 2.4 11 1 2 4 4.7 1 2.5







Mod G1





N. Cognome e Nome

Qualifica

Affer.al

gruppo





1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30


Amatori Andrea

Antonelli Vito

Artuso Roberto

Avogadro Paolo


Barchielli Alberto

Bassetti Bruno

Belgiorno Francesco

Benza Vincenzo

Bolzoni Paolo

Boni Matteo

Bonometto Silvio


Brambilla Nora

Broglia Ricardo

Butera Paolo

Butti Agostino

Cacciatori Sergio

Caldarelli Marco

Caracciolo Sergio


Cardella Matteo

Casati Giulio

Casero Roberto

Colo' Gianluca



Del Giudice Emilio

Destri Claudio

I Ric

I Ric

R.U.

P.O.

P.O.

P.O.

R.U.

R.U.

P.O.

P.O.

Dott.

AsRic

P.A.

Dott.

DIS

P.O.

R.U.

Bors.

P.A.

Dott.

Dott.

R.U.

Dott.

AsRic

AsRic

P.O.

Dott.

P.O.

Dott.

Dott.

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

3

4

3

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

50

20

50

50

75

50

Ricercatori 2







Mod G1





N. Cognome e Nome

Qualifica

Affer.al

gruppo





31

32

33

34

35

36

37

38

39

40

41

42

43

44

45

46

47

48

49

50

51

52

53

54

55

56

57

58

59

60

Donati Paola

Ewerz Carlo

Ferrari Ruggero

Forte Stefano

Frezzotti Roberto

Galgani Luigi

Gallone Franco

Garattini Remo

Giorgilli Antonio

Girardello Luciano

Gorini Vittorio

Klemm Dietmar

Lanz Ludovico

Lunari Andrea

Lupieri Giancarlo

Maccio' Andrea

Maghini Stefano

Mainini Roberto

Mania' Alessandro

Mantica Giorgio

Marchesini Giuseppe

Martellini Maurizio

Mazzanti Liuba

Melis Dario

Miccio Concetta


Molinari Luca

Morisi Stefano

Moroni Elisabetta

Moschella Ugo

P.O.

P.O.

P.O.

P.O.

P.O.

R.U.

P.O.

P.A.

Bors.

B.P.D.

AsRic

P.O.

P.A.

R.U.

P.O.

R.U.

Dott.

R.U.

Dott.

Dott.

AsRic

R.U.

Dott.

Dott.

Dott.

Dott.

R.U.

Dott.

Bors.

P.A.

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

25

Ricercatori 2







Mod G1





N. Cognome e Nome

Qualifica

Affer.al

gruppo





61

62

63

64

65

66

67

68

69

70

71

72

73

74

75

76

77

78

79

80

81

82

83

84

85

86

87

88

89

90

Nason Paolo

Oleari Carlo

Parravicini Guido

Penati Silvia

Pernici Mario

Petkou Anastasio

Piazza Federico

Picariello Marco

Pizzocchero Livio

Pizzochero Pierre

Poloni Guy Umberto


Provasi Davide

Puddu Giovanni

Quadri Andrea

Raciti Mario

Rago Antonio

Rapuano Federico

Ratcliffe Philip

Recami Erasmo

Riva Franco

Romagnoni Alberto

Salesi Giovanni


Sartirana Andrea

Silva Pedro

Simona Fabio

Sportiello Andrea

Tartaglino Gabriele

Tiana Guido

D.R.

I Ric

P.A.

P.A.

P.A.

P.O.

R.U.

R.U.

P.S.

P.A.

R.U.

P.C.

P.A.

B.UE

AsRic

DIS

Dott.

AsRic

AsRic

AsRic

P.A.

Dott.

R.U.

AsRic

Dott.

B.UE

AsRic

AsRic

Dott.

AsRic

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

100

100

50

Ricercatori 2







Mod G1





N.Cognome e

Nome

Qualifica

Affer.al

gruppo





91

92

93

94

95

96

97

98

99

100

101

Trentadue Luca

Trincherini Enrico

Uraltsev Nikolai

Vacchini Bassano

Vairo Antonio

Vicini Alessandro

Vigezzi Enrico

Viverit Luciano

Zaffaroni Alberto

Zanon Daniela

Zecca Antonio

I Ric

D.R.

P.O.

P.A.

P.O.

R.U.

Dott.

R.U.

P.C.

AsRic

AsRic

4

4

4

4

4

4

3

4

4

4

4

30

50

70

Ricercatori 2







Mod G1




COMPOSIZIONE DEI GRUPPI DI RICERCA: B) − TECNOLOGIComponenti del Gruppo e ricerche alle quali partecipano:

N.Cognome e

Nome

Qualifica Ricerche del gruppo in %Percentuale



Ruolo Art. 23Assoc.

TecnologicaI II III V

Note:

1) PER I DIPENDENTI2) PER GLI INCARICHI DI ASSOCIAZIONE

Indicare il profilo INFNIndicare Ente da cui dipendono, Bors. T.) Borsista Tecnologo

Mod G2




COMPOSIZIONE DEI GRUPPI DI RICERCA: C) − TECNICIComponenti del Gruppo e ricerche alle quali partecipano:

N.Cognome e

Nome

Qualifica Ricerche del gruppo in %Percentuale impegno

in altri gruppi



Assoc.Tecnica

I II III V

Servizi (mesi−uomo)

−− Vuoto −−

Note:

1) PER I DIPENDENTI2) PER GLI INCARICHI DI COLLABORAZIONE TECNICA3) PER GLI INCARICHI DI ASSOCIAZIONE TECNICA

Indicare il profilo INFNIndicare Ente da cui dipendonoIndicare Ente da cui dipendono

Mod G3



PREVISIONE DELLE SPESE DI DOTAZIONE E GENERALI DI GRUPPO

Dettaglio della previsione delle spese del Gruppo che non afferisconoai singoli esperimenti e per l'ampliamento della Dotazione di base del Gruppo

In KEuroVOCI

DISPESA

DESCRIZIONE DELLA SPESA

IMPORTI

Parziali TotaleCompet.

24 kE per missioni all'interno 24,0

24,0

11 kE per invito ospiti stranieri 11,0

11,0

2.5 kE per missioni di Stefano Forte al CERN per riunioni del comitato scientifico SPS

24.5 kE per missioni all'estero

2,5

24,527,0

MaterialeConsumo

16kE per materiale di consumo 16,0

16,0

Seminari 11kE per spese seminari 11,0 11,0

Spesetrasporto

PubblicazioniScientifiche

2 kE per pubblicazioni scientifiche 2,0 2,0

Spesecalcolo


Affitti emanutenz.

apparecchiat.

5kE per manutenzione 5,0

5,0

MaterialeInventariabile

37 kEuro per rinnovo di PC ed acquisto stampanti 37,0

37,0

Totale 133,0(1) Indicare tutte le macchine in manutenzione

Mod G4 (a cura del responsabile locale)



PREVISIONE DELLE SPESE PER LE RICERCHE

RIEPILOGO DELLE SPESE PREVISTE PER LE RICERCHE DEL GRUPPOIn KEuro

SIGLAESPERIMENTO

SPESA PROPOSTA

Miss.interno

InvitiMiss.estero

Materiale dicons.

SeminariTrasp.

e Facch.Pubblicazioni

Spese dicalcolo

Affittie Manut.Appar.

Mater.inventar.

TOTCompet.

BO11 BO22 CT51 FA51 GE41 MI11 MI12 MI13 MI14 MI23 MI31 MI41 PD21 PI11 PI13 PR21 RT21 TS11

2,01,52,0

10,02,03,03,03,03,02,06,01,01,03,54,03,03,02,0

8,01,5

5,02,03,0

2,03,56,04,03,0

7,02,53,0

6,03,54,0

15,04,05,0

14,018,0

4,510,015,0

4,02,06,08,05,04,05,0

0,5

16,06,56,0

30,08,0

11,017,023,011,518,025,0

8,03,09,5

19,010,510,0

7,0

Totali A) 55,0 50,5 133,0 0,5 239,0

FB11 PI62

4,01,0

7,03,0

11,04,0

Totali B) 5,0 10,0 15,0

C) Dotazionidi Gruppo

24,0 11,0 27,0 16,0 11,0 2,0 5,0 37,0 133,0

Totali (A+B+C) 84,0 61,5 170,0 16,5 11,0 2,0 5,0 37,0 387,0

Mod G5

istituto nazionale di fisica codice esperimento gruppo … · 2005. 7. 20. · istituto nazionale...

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