it presentation rohit
TRANSCRIPT
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EXPERT SYSTEM
BY:
ROHIT KHARE
PRAMOD KUMAR
CS - 33
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EXPERT SYSTEM
An expert system is a set of programsthat manipulate encoded knowledge to
solve problems in a specialized
domain that normally requires human
expertise .
Expert systems are part of a generalcategory of computer applications
known as artificial intelligence.
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Acquire and get the knowledge
Represent and store the knowledge
Use and apply the knowledge
Deal with uncertainty and incomplete information
Deal with and adapt to new problems
Retain/Revise the knowledge
Explain the problem solving
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Experts are not alwaysavailable. An expert
system can be usedanywhere, any time.
Human experts are not100% reliable or consistent
Experts may not be good atexplaining decisions
Cost effective
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User Interface
Inference
Engine
Knowledge
Base
Deci i S rt S tems I telli ent S stems, fr im T r n nd J . r nson6t ed, Copyri t 2001, Prentice H ll, Upper S ddle Ri er, NJ
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Major ComponentsMajor Components of an Expert Systemof an Expert System
y The knowledge base is the collection of factsand rules which describe all the knowledge about
the problem doma
in
y The inference engine is the part of the systemthat chooses which facts and rules to apply whentrying to solve the users query
y The userinterface is the part of the systemwhich takes in the users query in a readable formand passes it to the inference engine. It thendisplays the results to the user.
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Knowledge BaseKnowledge Base
y The knowledge base is the collection of facts and
rules which describe all the knowledge about the
problem domain
y Two Basic Knowledge Base Elements
Facts
Special heuristics
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Inference EngineInference Engine
y The brain of the ES
y The control structure
y
Provides methodology for reasoning
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User InterfaceUser Interface
y Language processor for friendly,
problem-oriented communication
y NLP, or menus and graphics
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inference
engine
world
model
knowledge
base
user
Expert System Architecture
knowledge
base editor
preceptors
explanation
subsystem
explanation
subsystem
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Underlying PhilosophyUnderlying Philosophy
yknowledge representation
production rules
logic
semantic networks frames, scripts, objects
yreasoning mechanism
knowledge-oriented reasoning
model-based reasoning case-based reasoning
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Expert Systems Classification
Interpretation
Prediction
Diagnostic
Design &Planning
Monitoring & Control
Repair
Instruction
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The Human Element in
Expert Systems
y
y
y
y
Decision S pport Systems nd Intelli ent Systems, fr im T r n nd J y . ronson6t ed, Copyri t 2001, Prentice H ll, Upper S ddle Ri er, NJ
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Advantages of an Expert System
Provides consistent answers for repetitive decisions,
processes and tasks .
Always asks a question, that a human might forget to ask .
Can work continuously .
Can be used by the user more frequently.
A multi-user expert system can serve more users at a time.
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ProblemsProblems with Expert Systemswith Expert Systems
y Limited domain
y Systems are not always up
to date, and dont learn
y No common sense
y Experts needed to setup
and maintain system
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Applications of Expert Systems
PROSPECTOR:
Used by geologists to identify
sites for drilling or mining
PUFF:
Medical system
for diagnosis of respiratory
conditions
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Applications of Expert Systems
DESIGN ADVISOR:Gives advice to designers of
processor chips
MYCIN:Medical system for diagnosing blood
disorders. First used in 1979
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Applications of Expert SystemsDENDRAL: Used to identify the
structure of chemical compounds.
First used in 1965
LITHIAN: Gives advice to
archaeologists examining
stone tools
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OTHER APPLICATIONS OF EXPERT
SYST
EM
Expert ystem in Agriculture
Expert ystems in Education
Expert ystem for Engineering
Expert ystems in Environmental Management
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Expert Systems on the Web
http://www.aiinc.ca/demos/whale.html
http://www.vanguardsw.com/
decisionscript/examples.htm
http://www.exsys.com/demomain.html
http://www.expertise go.com/webesie/car
http://www.expertise go.com/webesie/wine