ivyankenerwa mu bijanye n’ugufungura, isuku, n’ibindi...

Ivyankenerwa mu bijanye

n’ugufungura, isuku, n’ibindi bigirirwa umwana akiri muto: Ihangiro ry’icigwa

Igitabu ca 4 kuri 5

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Ivyankenerwa mu bijanye n’ugufungura, isuku, n’ibindi bigirirwa umwana akiri muto:

Urutonde rw’ivyigwa

Icigwa ca 1: Imfungurwa zihwanye n’ibigero vy’umwana: Hagati

y’amezi 6 n’8 ........................................................................................... 8

Icigwa ca 2: Imfungurwa z’umwana: Hagati y’amezi 9 na 11 .............. 21

Icigwa ca 3: Imfungurwa z’umwana: Hagati y’amezi 12 na 23 ............ 32

Icigwa ca 4: Ibigize umusururu: Ifu ya Tubaramure (CSB) n’ibifungurwa vy’ikirundi ............................................................................................. 43

Icigwa ca 5: Amavitamine A: Imfungurwa n’ibindi bizunganira ............ 53

Icigwa ca 6: Inzoka zo mu nda be n’imiti yazo ...................................... 64

Icigwa c' 7: Gutegura, gukinjika be no gushingura imfungurwa ........... 74

Icigwa ca 1-7 Imbere y’ikibazo n’inyuma yaco ..................................... 85

Icigwa ca 1-7 Imbere y’Inyishu z’Ibibazo ............................................. 88

Ivyigwa, udukuru n‟ibikorwa ku vyerekeye Ivyankenerwa mu bijanye n’ugufungura, isuku, n’ibindi bigirirwa umwana akiri muto: Integuro y’icigwa yunganira ibicapo vy‟inyigisho ku vyankenerwa mu bijanye n’ugufungura, isuku, n’ibindi bigirirwa umwana akiri muto.

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Gutahura integuro y’ivyigwa

Icigwa cose gitangurira ku ntumbero. Izo nazo

zikaba ari intumbero zijanye n‟inyifato, ubumenyi n‟ivyizerwa biba bishikirizwa muri ico cigwa. Ni

mwitwararike kuraba ko imwe imwe yose muri izo ntumbero iba ishimikiro muri uwo mwanya

w‟icigwa. Hariho ubwoko bune bw‟intumbero. Kandi imwe yose muri zo yaradondowe aho musi.

Intumbero zijanye n’inyifato: Intumbero nyinshi zijanye n‟inyifato zanditswe

nk‟amajambo yo kwiyemeza igikorwa (inama canke ingingo). Ivyo ni ivyokorwa vyitezwe ko uwujejwe kubungabunga umwana yokurikiza yishimikije ubutumwa

nyamukuru bwashikirijwe mu gitabo c‟amasanamu mfashanyigisho.

Intumbero z’ubumenyi: Nk‟akarorero, twipfuza ko abavyeyi boshobora gudondagura ibimenyetso vyo kugeramirwa hamwe n‟inzira zitanu z‟ukuntu

imigera itera gucibwamwo ihererekanywa. Ivyo ni ibintu abajejwe kubungabunga abana bategerezwa gufata ku mutwe muri uwo mwanya

w‟icigwa, bagakoresha amasanamu mu kwiyibutsa.

Intumbero z’ivyizerwa: Turazi ko ivyizerwa n‟inyifato bifise ingaruka ku

bikorwa vyacu. Kenshi dusanga ivyizerwa bitari vyo vy‟umuntu canke ingene asanzwe abona ibibazo vy‟ubuzima n‟isi ari vyo bibabuza gushikira ihinduka ryogira akamaro k‟amagara meza.

Intumbero z’ibituma vy’inyifato: Intumbero z‟ibituma vy‟inyifato ni imvo zituma abantu bagendera (canke batagendera) mu nyifato ivuzwe. Hariho

ibituma vy‟inyifato munani bishoboka nk‟uko vyashizwe ahabona mu vyigwa vy‟umwihwezo w‟intambamvyi vyakorewe mu ntara zose. Ivyo vyigwa birerekana ibituma bihambaye gusumba ibindi ku nyifato yose.1 Mu gushimikira

ku bituma vyafashije abakora (ni ukuvuga abajejwe kwitwararika abana ku mutumba basanzwe bagendera muri iyo nyifato nshasha) turashobora guhimiriza

abadakora (abajejwe kwitwararika abana batagendera muri izo nyifato nshasha) ngo batsinde inzitizi zabaujije kugerageza canke gushishikara iyo ngendo muri

kahise.

Musi y‟izo ntumbero, ibikoresho vyose bikenewe muri ico cigwa vyashizwe ku rutonde. Uwurongoye icigwa akwiye kwitwararika kuzana ibikoresho vyose

bikenerwa muri ico cigwa. Mu cigwa kigira gatanu, twinjijemwo iciyumviro c‟umurongozi w‟igikorwa azoshira umwitwarariko ku bikoresho bizokenerwa mu

rutonde rw‟ivyigwa rugira kabiri. Mworaba ngaho musi kugira ngo mutahure vyinshi.

Umwimenyerezo wose (igice c‟integuro y‟icigwa) werekanwa n‟agasanamu gato. Ayo masanamu akoreshwa mu kwibutsa abakenyezi barongoye abandi

1See http://barrieranalysis.fhi.net for more information.

http://barrieranalysis.fhi.net/

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batazi gusoma urukurikirane rw‟ibiza gukorwa mu cigwa. Nk‟akarorero, ni hagera ko abarongora mu gukina agakino, integuro y‟icigwa yerekana isanamu

y‟umuntu atwenze aboneka nk‟uwuryohewe n‟ako gakino (raba aho musi). Amasanamu yo mu nteguro y‟icigwa afasha abakenyezi barongora abandi

kumenya igikorwa baza gukurikizako. Ni mwihweze ivyadondowe ngaho musi kugira ngo mutahure vyinshi gusumba.

Igikorwa ca mbere muri buri cigwa ni agakino. Utwo dukino tugafasha abitavye gutwenga, kuja mu

kamwemwe no kwitegurira igikorwa. Hariho udukino tumwe tumwe dusubiramwo kwihweza inyigisho

nyamukuru abitavye bamaze kwiga. Utundi dukino tugashira imbere intumbero z‟ivyizerwa. Mwitwararike kuraba ko bose bakina muri ako gakino.

Inyuma y‟agakino haca hakurikira igice co

guhamagara amazina no gutora umuti w’ingorane. Abarongozi b‟ivyigwa bose bazohamagara amazina y‟abitavye. Ibibazo vyo

gutorera umuti vyerekeye gusa abarongoye ivyigwa (Abakanguzi) basanzwe bajejwe kwigisha abandi.2

Umukanguzi ni we akurikirana ingorane izo ari zo zose abakenyezi barongoye abandi bagize mu kwigisha ivyigwa vyaheze. Ni murabe ivyo gukina

wishira mu kibanza c‟umuntu biri mu cigwa ca 4 (c‟agatabo ka 1) kugira ngo mutahure vyinshi.

Ivyo biheze uwo arongoye icigwa aca yugurura igitabo c’amasanamu mfashanyigisho kw’isanamu ya mbere y‟icigwa. Agaheza agasoma n‟inkuru

yanditse inyuma y‟urupapuro rw‟isanamu, yongerezako ibindi vy‟ido n‟ido n‟ibindi vyo kudondora nk‟uko biba bikenewe.

Inkuru iboneka muri buri cigwa ikurikirwa n‟ibibazo vyo guharirako. Ivyo bibazo bigafasha uwo arongoye icigwa kumenya ingiro y‟ababungabunga abana muri ico gihe

(nk‟uko iba ijanye n‟ico cigwa). Ico gice cashiriweho guhanahana ivyiyumviro, si ico kwigisha. Witwararike

guha umuntu wese akaryo ko gushikiriza iryo agona.

2Mu mugambi Tubaramure, abakozi bahembwa umushahara bitwa imboneza (aba Promotor).

Uruhara rwabo ni ukwigisha abavyeyi barongoye abandi kugira bafashe kwigisha ababanyi babo. Iyo myimenyerezo igenewe imboneza gusa kandi ntibikenewe ko abavyeyi barongoye abandi bayikorresha mu gihe bigisha ababanyi babo.

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Isanamu igira kabiri, n’iya gatatu hamwe n’iya kane muri buri cigwa ni ayo kwigishirizako intumbero

nyamukuru y‟icigwa. Mumaze gusanzurura ku rupapuro rugira kabiri rw‟igitabo c‟amasanamu mfashanyigisho

baza uti “mubona iki muri iyi sanamu?” Abahari ni bishure kandi badondore ico biyumvira ko ayo masanamu yo mu Gitabo c‟amasanamu mfashanyigisho

abashikiriza.

Hanyuma uce usigura inyigisho iri muri ayo majambo yanditse inyuma y‟isanamu

mfashanyigisho. Na none kandi incamake y‟izo nyigisho yerekanwa mu ryungane rigufi ridondora ibiri mw‟isanamu mfashanyigisho riba ryanditse kuri urwo

rupapuro ruriko ico gicapo. Mwitwararike gusigura buri gicapo mukoresheje ayandi mungane atondetse inyuma y‟igicapo (canke mu nteguro y‟icigwa). Integuro y‟icigwa isanzwe irimwo ibindi vyiyumviro vyongeweko vyo gufasha

uwigisha. Kandi ivyo vyiyumviro vyongeweko ntibikenewe ko vyozanwa ngo biyagweko mu cigwa.

Inyuma y‟isanamu mfashanyigisho igira kane y‟icigwa,

hakurikira igikorwa. Ivyo bikorwa ni imyimenyerezo “yo gukora” ifasha abitavye gutahura no gushira mu ngiro ivyo bize. Vyinshi muri ivyo bikorwa bikenera ibikoresho

binaka n‟imyiteguro itomoye.

Guhera mu rutonde rw‟ivyigwa rugira 2, uwurongora ico gikorwa ajejwe gutegura ibikoresho biza gukenerwa mu Gakorwa kajanye n‟ico Cigwa.

Umurongozi w‟Igikorwa mu Rutonde rw‟ivyigwa rugira kabiri atorwa mu Cigwa ca 5 (c‟agatabo ka 1).Umurongozi w’Igikorwa abanza kubonana n‟uwurongora ivyigwa mu minota cumi imbere ya buri cigwa kugira ngo

bavugane ku bikoresho bizokenerwa mu gikorwa kijanye n‟icigwa kizokurikira. Uwo azezwa ico gikorwa ni we afise uruhara rwo kuvugana n‟abandi (Abakenyezi

Ndongozi canke ababanyi) muri wa mwanya wo “guhamagara amazina no gutora umuti w‟ingorane” kugira ngo atunganye ikibazo c‟ibikoresho bizokenerwa mu nama izokurikira, akabasaba ko bokwitanga bakazozana ivyi bikoresho

bikenewe. Uwurongoye ivyigwa ni we azobarongora muri ico gikorwa, ariko uwo yajejwe ibikorwa nawe akazoza aramushigikira mu gutegekanya abitanga no mu

gufasha uwurongoye ivyigwa nk‟uko biba bikenewe muri ako kanya k‟igikorwa.

Mu gice kijanye n‟ijambo probe risigura ngo tohoza Uwurongoye ivyigwa arabaza ko hoba hariho

intambamyi zobuza abajejwe abana kugerageza izo ngendo nshasha. Baraheza bakayaga kuri izo ntambamyi hanyuma bagaca batandukira igice

gikurikira.

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Uwurongoye ivyigwa araheza akamenyesha abajejwe kwitwararika abana uburyo bokoresha mu

gutora umuti w‟ingorane zashikirijwe. Uwo Arongoye ivigwa akabashikiriza kandi ibindi vyiyumviro canke ubundi buryo bwo kubona ibintu bwofasha abo

bajejwe abana gutahura ingene boshishikara batera imbere.

Haca hakurikira Kwimenyereza no kumenyereza. Iki gice ni nkenerwa mu kwigisha Abakenyezi Ndongozi.

Dushaka kumenya neza ko batahuye ivyo bazokwigisha kandi ko bashoboye kubishikiriza abandi neza. Muri ico

gikorwa co mu mugwi muto, Umukanguzi arashobora gukurikiranira hafi kandi akaza arakosora abagifise ingorane.

Uwujejwe ivyigwa asaba umukeknyezi arongoye abansi (canke abajejwe kwitwararika abana) kwiyemeza ko agiye gutangura kugendera mu ngendo

nshasha bamaze kwiga. Ivyo iyo bavyemeye, abajejwe kwitwararika abana bakwiye kuvyatura mu majambo

bivugiye. Abo bajejwe kwitwararika abana nibo bategerezwa kwihitiramwo. Nta n‟umwe akwiye kubagoberera kwiyemeza ikintu mu gihe bacumva ko

batiteguye.

Igice ca nyuma ni co uwujejwe ivyigwa agenzura ibikorwa vy‟abakenyezi barongoye abandi (canke

vy‟abajejwe kwitwararika abana) yishimikije inyigisho bakuye mu cigwa giherutse. Uwujejwe ivyigwa akabahimiriza ngo bagerageze izo ngendo nshasha

batari bwashikeko.

Ivyigwa vyose bikurikiza urwo rutonde rushikirijwe aho hejuru. Ivyo vyigwa birashobora kuringanizwa neza iyo bikenewe kugira ngo bijane n‟ivyo umugwi

wawe wo kubabarana ukeneye. Ivyigwa ntibikwiye kumara umwanya urenga amasaha abiri naho bishobora gushika ivyigwa bimwe bimwe bigatwara igihe kirekire gusumba ibindi. Umwanya wogenerwa buri gice urerekanwa ngaho

musi.

Izina ry’igice Umwanya wokenerwa

kuri ico gice

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Agakino

Guhamagara amazina no gutora umuti w‟ingorane Inkuru hamwe na gutohoza (Isanamu 1) Erekana kandi usigure (Isanamu 2)

Erekana kandi usigure (Isanamu 3) Erekana kandi usigure (Isanamu 4)

Igikorwa Tohoza Menyesha

Kwimenyereza no kumenyereza Saba

Kwihweza

iminota 10

iminota 5-15 iminota 10 iminota 5

iminota 5 iminota 5

iminota 15 iminota 10 iminota 5

iminota 20 iminota 2

iminota 15

Isaha 2

Gukenguruka

Hanold, Mitzi J. (2010) Essential Nutrition, Hygiene, and Care Practices during

Early Childhood Mother Leader Lesson Plan. Washington DC. Food for the Hungry (FH), yashoboye gutunganywa ku bw‟ubufasha bwatanzwe n‟Ibiro vya Food for Peace, Ibiro vya Demokrasi, Intambara, n‟Imfashanyo yo Gufasha

Imbabare, hamwe kandi n‟Ishirahamwe rya Leta Zumwe Ubumwe za Amerika ry‟Iterambere kw‟isi yose mu masezerano AID-FFP-09-00004-00. Ivyiyumviro

vyashikirijwe ngaha ni ivy‟umwanditsi kandi si ukuvuga ko bitegerezwa guserura iciyumviro c‟iryo Shirahamwe rya Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika ry‟Iterambere kw‟Isi Yose.

Turakengurukiye cane abaducapiye Edgar Gatobo, Dr Isumbisho Mazambisho Mazambi (IMC), Dr Jean D‟Arc Ntiranyibagira na Regine Pachis Nihoreho (CRS),

Elie(PRONIANUT), Ndeberi Remegi et Mbisamakoro Bernard (IEC-Minisanté), Musavyi Jean Marie (PNSR) Hamwe mwoba mufise ibibazo canke ico

mushikiriza, mwoshikira umwanditsi kuri [email protected].

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Icigwa ca1: Imfungurwa zihwanye n’ibigero

vy’umwana: Hagati y’amezi 6 n’8

Ku mezi atandatu, umurezi (umuvyeyi) atangura gufungurira umwana umusururu inyuma yo kumwonsa.

o Ibifungurwa vya mbere biroroshe: Nta binure canke ibifungurwa

vyondesha. Ni ukubicumba gushika vyorohe. Ibifungurwa vyoroshe vyorohera umwana kumira kandi bikaguma mu kanwa k‟umwana.

o Ibifungurwa vya mbere bikozwe mw‟ifu ya Tubaramure (CSB) n‟amavuta. Umusururu ushobora kuba ukoze mu masaka, uburo,

ibigori bicumvye n‟amavuta.

Umuvyeyi azokwonsa umwana ijoro n‟umurango igihe cose umwana

yerekaniyeko ko ashonje, n‟igihe cose imbere yo kumufungurira umusururu.

o Amaberebere niyo mfungurwa ntasubirizwa ku mwana ageze kuri ico gihe.

Mu ntango abavyeyi bazofungurira abana utuyiko dutatu tw‟umusururu. Bazogenda bongereza iyo ngero y‟imfungurwa munsi y‟agace k‟Agasabasaba (1/3)3.

o Iyo abana banse gufungura imfungurwa zimwe, abarezi (abavyeyi)

basabwe kugerageza izindi no kubahimiriza gufungura.

o Kwongereza urugero rwo gufungura rw‟umwana uko akayabagu kiwe

kongerekana.

Uko umwana akura niko umuvyeyi azohindura ubwoko bw‟imfungurwa agaburira ikibondo.

o Inyuma y‟imisi ine umwana afungura umusururu gusa, umuvyeyi

azokongerako izindi mfungurwa.

o Umuvyeyi azotegurira umwana umusururu ugwiza abasirikare mu maraso (urimwo ivyunyunyu vyitwa fer) n‟umusururu ukomeza imitsi n‟amagufa (urimwo proteine) n‟uwugwiriyemwo ivyunyunyu bikingira

indwara (ivyunyunyu vya vitamine A).

Umuvyeyi azotegerezwa kuba afise umwanya, ubumenyi n‟insiguro bikwiye

kugira ategure umusururu ugenewe ikibondo kiri hagati y‟amzei 6 na 9 imisi yose ibihe bitatu ku munsi.

Ibikoresho:

1. Ibitabo vyo kwandikamwo abitavye ibikorwa

3 Agasabasaba ni ingero ijamwo ama mililitiro 250 y‟amazi canke hagati y‟ama grama

100 n‟120 y‟ifu Tubaramure (CS).

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2. Ibipapuro binini birimwo Ibicapo

3. Ibikombe bibiri vy’amazi*

4. Imihanyu ibiri y’igitoke*

5. Igipfunsi c’ibifungurwa bikunjagurika nk’ibiyoba*

Mu ncamake:

Agakino: Ururirimbo rwo mu gihe c‟ugukaraba

Ugushika no kwigizayoyo ibisamaza vyose

Gutera inkuru no kubaza ibibazo bijanye n‟ugufungurira abana

Kwerekana ibicapo no gusabikanya inyigisho iri mu bicapo biri kuva ku

rupapuro 6 gushika kurwa 11: Ibifungurwa vya mbere ku mezi atandatu, Urugero n‟ibiringo vyo gufungurira umwana, no kwongereza ubwoko

bw‟imfungurwa.

Ibikorwa: Umusururu

Kwiyumvira intambamyi zishoboka

Kubamenyesha umuti w‟intambamyi

Babiri babiri baragira umwimenyerezo bakongerea bakibukanya

Gusaba ko bashiramwo umwete

Gusuzuma umwete mu nyigisho yaheruka

1. Gusubiramwo ururirimbo rwo gukaraba kuva ku nyigisho ya 4 y’igitabu ca 2.

R/ Gukaraba ni vyiza, Gukaraba n’inkinzo

Bikinga ingwara nyishi zituruka k’umwanda

Dukarabe n’isabuni n’amazi meza

Twongere twumutse ibiganza vyacu n’umuyaga gusa

Turagaruye inguvu, reka dutangure inyigisho zacu.

R/ Gukaraba ni vyiza, Gukaraba n’inkinzo

Bikinga ingwara nyishi zituruka k’umwanda

Mbega ni ryari twokaraba ?

- Dukarabe tuvuye mukazu ka sugumwe

- Dukarabe duhejeje gusukurira umwana

1. Agakino: Ururirimbo rwo gukaraba-iminota 10

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- Dukarabe imbere yo gutegura imfungurwa

- Dukarabe imbere yo gufungurira umwana

- Dukarabe imbere yo gufungura

2. Guhamagara amazina no gushikiriza

inyishu z’ibibazo

1. Imboneza ikwiye kwandika ku mpapuro z’abitavye inama z’umupfasoni

w’indongozi wese nk’uko vyerekanywe mu gakino k’akarorero ko mu cigwa ca kane (Igitabu 1).

2. Imboneza ikabaza ko hariho umupfasoni w’indongozi yoba yaragize ingorane mu nama yamuhuje n’abavyeyi. Imboneza ikaronderera hamwe n’abo bavyeyi umuti w’izo ngorane, ikabafasha gutora umuti w’ingorane bafise,

kandi igasaba impanuro abandi bapfasoni b’indongozi bari ngaho.

3. Imboneza ikabaza abavyeyi bapfuye, abana bapfuye, canke imbanyi nshasha

muri iyo migwi y’ababanyi. Imboneza ikandika ku rupapuro rwo guhamagarirako amazina ibintu bishasha vyoba vyarabonetse.

4. Imboneza igaheza igashimira abo bagore bose ku mwete berekana mu

gikorwa kandi ikabahimiriza ngo bashishikare.

Mvuyekure aranka imfungurwa z’ubwa mbere (Igicapo ca 1.1) –

iminota 10

3. Agakuru

Soma agakuru kari ku rupapuro rwa 4 ku bicapo.

Barumwete yarakurikije impanuro ya Karorero aca atangura gufungurira

umwana wiwe akoresheje amaberebere gusa. Mvuyekure yateye avyibuha. Ubu ashikanye amezi atandatu. Barumwete amuhereje umusururu munovu. Yaciye

akorora yongera arawanka. Barumwete arasubira akamugerageza. Mvuyekure

ntashaka kubifungura na gato.

4. Gutohoza

Gusome ibibazo biri ku rupapuro rwa 4.

Kubaza ikibazo ca mbere kugira wumve ivyo abavyeyi bibaza ku bituma abana banka ibifungurwa.

o Twiteze ko abavyeyi bazotanga inyishu nk‟iyi: Mvuyekure ntamenyereye kunywa umusururu. Barumwete ategerezwa kumuha agapimo gato k‟umusururu rimwe canke kabiri ku munsi gushika

aho Mvuyekure yemera gufungura ubundi bwoko bw‟ibifungurwa.

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o Umubiri w‟umwana uriteguriye kwakira ibifungurwa yamara umuvyeyi ategerezwa kumuhimiriza kubifungura.

Kubaza ikibazo can kabiri kugira umenye ivyo abapfasoni bibaza ku gihe co gutangura kugaburira umwana.

o Igihe kibereye ni kuva ku mezi atandatu.

o Mu Burundi, abavyeyi benshi batangura guha abana babo

imfungurwa n‟amazi imbere y‟ico gihe bigaca bibatera ugucibwamwo n‟ugufungura nabi.

Kubaza ikibazo ca nyuma wumve aho abapfasoni muri kumwe mu murwi

batangurira gufungurira abana babo umusuru.

Himiriza ikiyago. Nturondere gukosora “inyishu zitari zo”. Reka umwe wese atange iciyumviro ciwe. Uru rupapuro ni ikiyago, si inyigisho.

Abari aho bamaze kwishura ku kibazo ca nyuma, uce wimukira ku rupapuro

rukurikira rw‟igitabo c‟amasanamu mfashanyigisho. Vuga uti “Hinge tugereranye ivyiyumviro vyanyu n‟ubutumwa buri kuri izi mpapuro zikurikira.”

? Ni kubera iki Mvuyekure adafungura?

? Ni ikihe gihe kibereye kugira umuvyeyi ahe imfungurwa umwana wiwe?

? Ni ku kihe gihe mutangura guhereza umwana wanyu umusururu?

Ibifungurwa vya mbere ku mezi atandatu (Igicapo ca 1.2) –

iminota 5

5. Erekana:

Saba abavyeyi kuvuga ivyo babona ku masanamu yo ku rupapuro rw‟7

? Ni ibiki mubona muri aya masanamu?

6. Sigura:

Shikiriza inyigisho nyamukuru ukoresheje impapuro za 6 na 7 z‟igitabo c‟amasanamu mfashanyigisho.

Koresha amungane ndondozi magufi yanditse aho kugira wiyibutse isanamu ijana na buri ngingo.

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Izindi nsiguro ku bashikiriza inyigisho

Ibijanye n’imfungurwa ziberanye n’ibigero vy’umwana mu Burundi

Mu mwaka w‟2000 icigwa cakozwe ku bijanye n‟imfungurwa nsanganyangaburo cerekanye ko ibice 46% gusa vy‟abana aribo baronka

ibifingurwa bigumagumye (canke umusururu) kuva ku mezi 6 gushika ku mezi 9.4

Urugero n’ibihe vy’ukugaburira umwana afise hagati y’amezi 6 n’8

(Igicapo 1.3) – iminota 5

7. Erekana:

Saba abavyeyi basigure ivyo babona ku bicapo biri ku rupapuro rw‟9.

4Ubushikiranganji bw‟Imigambi ya Leta, Iterambere no Gusanura ivyasambutse, Ikigo gishinzwe

ibiharuro n‟ivyogwa vy‟ubutunzi mu Burundi hamwe na UNICEF. Itohoza ry‟igihu ryo gutohoza ku bijanye n‟ubuzima bw‟umwana n‟umupfasoni mu Burundi (ENECEF-BURUNDI 2000)

Ku mezi atandatu, fungurira umwana umusururu woroshe inyuma yo

kumwonsa.

o Amaberebere ni yo imfungurwa ntasubirizwa.

o Kwonsa igihe cose imbere yo kumugaburira.

o Kwonsa igihe cose umwana yerekanye ibimenyetso vyo gusonza.

Gutegura umusururu hakoreshejwe ifu ya Tubaramure (CSB) n‟amavuta.

o Shiramwo amavuta inyuma yo guteka.

o Amavuta adatetse ni meza gusumba ayatetse ku bana.

o Umusururu ushobora no gukoreshwa ifu y‟ibigori, amasaka canke uburo.

Umusururu woba usanzwe: utavuze cane canke ngo ngo ube ari nk‟amazi.

o Umusururu uvuze ushobora kuniga umwana.

o Umusururu w‟amazi cane wohava udafata mu kanwa k‟umwana.

o Umusururu ugereranye umwana awumira utamugoye.

? Mu gihe umwana yanse ubwoko bushasha bw‟imfungurwa umuvyeyi yokora iki?

o Yosubira akagerageza bukeye.

o Yokongeramwo amaberebere mu musururu.

o Yomuhereza umusururu ukozwe mu bundi bwoko b‟ifu.

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8. Sigura:

Shikiriza inyigisho nyamukuru ukoresheje impapuro za 8 na 9 z‟igitabo

c‟amasanamu mfashanyigisho.

Ukoreshe amungane ndondozi magufi yanditseko kugira ngo wiyibutse isanamu ijana na buri ngingo.

Kugaburira umwana umusururu incuro zitatu ku musi. Muhereze umusururu uri

munsi y‟igice c‟Agasabasaba igihe cose umufungurira.

o Kumugaburira umusururu mu gatondo, ku murango, no

kumugoroba.

o Ku ndwi ya mbere, mugaburire utuyiko dukeyi ku munsi.

o Genda urongereza urugero ku musi ku musi ukurikije ingene agenda agira akayabagu gushika aho umwana azoba ashobora

gufungura hafi y‟igice c‟Agasabasaba.

Kugaburira abana mu bwitonzi n‟ukwihangana.

o Guhimiriza gufungura ariko ntimubategeke.

o Kuririmba canke kubayagisha kugira umuhimirize gufungura

o Gushira mu musururu amaberebere kugira bibaryohere.

Kwonsa igihe cose umwana ashonje haba ku murango canke mw‟ijoro.

o Kwonsa igihe cose umwana yerekanye ibimenyetso vy‟uko ashonje.

o Igihe cose ni kubanza kwonsa umwana imbere yo kumufungurira.

? Mwibaza ko biva kuki kugira Karorero n‟umushingantahe wiwe bakoreshe umwanya munini mu gihe bafungurira Biguvu?

o Barazi ko Biguvu ategerezwa gufungura kugira akure neza.

o Badashishikaye, ntiyofungura bikwiye.

o Umwana wabo ni akatabonabose. Bategerezwa gukora ibishoboka vyose kugira akure.

Izindi nsiguro

Gufungurira umwana ku nguvu

14

Ntimuhatire umwana gufungura. Ibifungurwa vyohava bihusha inzira mu gihe umwana yomira yongera arira. Iyo ibifungurwa biciye mu nzira itariyo bishobora kumugwaza mbere agashobora no gupfa.

Amaberebere n’amazi

Abana bari hagati y‟amezi 6 na 11 ntibakeneye kunwa amazi. Bahereze amaberebere mu gihe banyotewe. Kiretse gusa iyo amazi asukuye neza,

ahandi ho amazi ashobora kumutera indwara no gucibwamwo.

Kongereza ubwoko bw’imfungurwa z’umwana: Hagati y’amezi 6 n’8 (Igicapo ca 1.4) – iminota 5

9. Erekana:

Saba abavyeyi bavuge ivyo babona ku bicapo biri ku rupapuro rw‟11.

? Ni ibiki mubona kuri aya masanamu?

10. Sigura:




Gahoro gahoro kwongereza ubundi bwoko bw‟imfungurwa kuri wa musururu.

o Inyuma y‟imisi ine umuha umusururu gusa, tangura kumuha

ikindi gifungurwa.

o Kumugaburira ico kindi gimfungurwa ku kiringo kingana n‟imisi ine.

o Kwongereza ubundi bwoko bw‟imfungurwa kuri wa musururu

kandi.

Umusururu ukozwe mu bwishaza canke intengwa (ubusharuzo) hamwe n‟amavuta birakomeza amaraso y‟umwana.

o Ifu ya Tubaramure (CSB) n‟ubushaza birimwo ivyunyunyu (fer) bikwiye.

o Amavuta atuma abana bagira inguvu.

Umusururu w‟ifi zumye, ibiyoba n‟amavuta birafasha umwana kugira imitsi

n‟amagufa bikomeye.

o Ifu ya Tubaramure (CSB), ifi n‟ibiyoba birimwo protein ikwiye.

o Amavuta nayo atuma umwana agira inguvu.

15

Umusururu w‟umwungu useye, ikaroti be n‟amavuta bikingira umwana

kurwaragurika.

o Ifu ya Tubaramure (CSB), umwungu na karoti birimwo vitamine A ikwiye.

o Amavuta atuma abana bagira inguvu.

Izindi nsiguro ku bashikiriza inyigisho

Igikuriro c’umwana

Uko umwana akura niko amaraso, imitsi n‟amagufa vy‟umubiri wiwe bikura bigakomera. Ivyunyunyu vya fer birakenewe kugira umwana agire amaraso

arimwo ibikwiye.5 Ibifungurwa bikomeza umubiri birakenewe kugirango amagufa n‟imitsi vy‟umwana bikure kandi bikomere.6

Ntabwo tubasavye gufungurira abana inyama zitukura ku bana batarashikana

umwaka kubera ko zene izo nyama ziba zikomeye, zigumye. Yamara ifi bazikuyemwo amagufa zishobora kworohera abana gufungura.

Uguhura

Abana bamwe bamwe bishobora gushika bakama uduherehere canke mbere

bakagira ingorane mu mushishito iyo bafunguye ibifungurwa ibi canke biriya. Mu gihe umwana bagiye barongereza ubwoko bw‟imfungurwa igihe cose

inyumay‟indwi abavyeyi bashobora kwizera ko umwana wabo adashobora kugira bene izo ngorane.

Iyo bishitse umwana agahura imfungurwa ku buryo budatahuritse, hagarika kubandanya umuha izo mfungurwa. Gerageza ubundi bwoko. Mwirinde

kumuha imfungurwa zitamumerera neza.

Ibitigiri ngenderwako – Imfungurwa zihwanye n’ibigero vy’umwana Mu masaha 24 imbere y‟itohoza, dusanga abana bafise hagati y‟amezi 6 na

24 bakunda kunywa amazi ku bice 83% hagakurikira amaberebere ku bice 77% ufatiye hamwe amaprovensi abiri yabereyemwo amatohoza.

Muri ayo maprovensi ibifungurwa nyamukuru abavyeyi bagarutseko cane ni ibi :

o Umunyu (74%) o Imboga, amababi y‟icatsi gitoto (68%) o Ibifungurwa bikoze mu biharage, ubushaza, intengwa, ibiyoba, etc.,

(59%) o Ibifungurwa ivyo ari vyo vyose birimwo amamesa canke amavuta

y‟ibiyoba, (40%) o Ibijumbu, imyumbati n‟ibindi bifungurwa vy‟imizi (38%)

5Children need 11 mg of iron each day. The iron content per 100 grams is listed for the following foods: petit pois (18 mg), poiscajun (15 mg), feuilles de haricot (9 mg), haricot (8 mg). 6 Children under 12 months of age need 14 mg of protein each day. Protein (body building) content per 100 g: soja (34 grams) arachide (23 grams) petit pois (22 grams), haricot (22 grams), poiscajun (20 g) andpoissonfrais (18 mg). Eggs are not included as a child would need to eat more than one each day to receive enough protein.

16

o Imavuta, ibinure, amavuta ayo ari yo yose akozwe muri ivyo bifungurwa tuvuze (34%)

o Ivyamwa n‟imboga (32%) o Umukate, umuceri n‟ibindi bifunurwa vy‟intete (26%)

11. Igikorwa: Ugufungurira umwana – iminota 15

Egeranya ibintu bikurikira imbere yo gutangura:

Igikombe kimwe canke bibiri vy‟amazi

Ibifungurwa bigumye (ifi zibiri z‟umye) Imyando nk‟ibiri y‟ibifungurwa bikunjagurika (ibiyoba)

Sigura: Kugira dutegere akamaro k‟umusururu utavuze cane (utavuze kandi utameze nk‟amazi) tugire imymenyerezo mikeyi7

Ugare iminwa

1. Tora abantu babiri bavyipfuza.

2. Bwira umwe umwe wese muri bo:Shira amazi makeyi mu kanwa.

NTIWUGARE UMUNWA. Gerageza umire ayo mazi.

? Haba iki iyo ugerageje kumira amazi?

3. Sigura: Ku mezi atandatu, abana bafise ingorane zo kugara umunwa.Ibintu bimeze nk’amazi vyose bica bitemba biva mu kanwa. Umusururu utavuze

kandi ntube amazi, uraheza ukaguma mu kanwa n’aho umunwa uba utugaye neza. Umusururu w’amazi wo nturagama mu kanwa kuko uca utemba uvayo.

Ugukoresha ururimi

4. Tora abandi bantu babiri bavyishakiye.

5. Hereza umwe umwe wese akamanyu k’ifi yumye.

6. Bwira umwe wese uti: Fungura ariko udakoresheje ururimi rwawe! Mu guhindukiza canke mbere no kumira imfungurwa ntukoreshe ururimi.

? Wagize ingorane izihe mu gihe wafungura ifi? Biva kuki?

7. Sigura:Ku mezi atandatu, abana ntibazi ingene bakoresha ururimi mu

gufungura. Ntibiborohera guhindukiza imfungurwa ziri mu kanwa canke ngo

7 Iyi myimenyerezo yateguwe na Freedom from Hunger‟s Infant and Child Feeding:

Helping Young Children to Eat and Grow WellFacilitator‟s Guide (2003).

17

bazisunike mu kuzimira. Umusururu ugereranye uratemba wonyene mu muhogo w’umwana.

N’aho abana bakoresha ururimi mu gukwega amaberebere, ururimi ruraduga rukamanuka ariko ntirwigera rwinyiganza ruva ku ruhande uru ruja ku rundi

canke ngo ruve imbere ruja iyuma canke imbere n’inyuma.

Uguhekenya

8. Tora abandi bantu babiri bavyishakiye.

9. Hereza umwe umwe wese ibiyoba bikeyi.

10.Bwira umwe wese uti: Gerageza urye, umunwa wonyene niwo urekuriwe kunyiganyiga ariko amenyo ntahekenye canke ngo umunwa unyiganyige uva

ku ruhande uja ku rundi.

? Vyari bimeze bite aho wafungura ibiyoba? Ni kubera iki?

11.Sigura: Abana bari hagati y’amezi 6 n’8 ntibazi kunyiganza nzeza umunwa wabo. Bica rero bibagora guhekenya imfungurwa. Umusururu uwo ariwo

wose woba ugereranye utavuze canke ngo ube amazi urimwo ibifungura biseye neza kugira umwaba awumire atarinze guhekenya.

12. Gucaca – iminota 10

? None ibi vyiyumviro muvyiyumvirako iki? Mbega hoba hariho ibintu vyoshobora kukubuza gukurikiza ingendo duhejeje kuyagako uyu musi?

Saba abo bavyeyi bayagishe umugore yicaye i ruhande yabo. Ni bavugane nawe

amakenga yabo yose boba bafise ku cigwa. Bari hamwe bakwiye kugerageza gutora umuti w’ayo makenga n’izo ngorane. Imitota itanu iheze, uce usaba Abavyeyi Tubaramure bashikirize ivyo bayazeko.

13. Gutomora – iminota 5

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Bafashe kuronka umuti w’amadidane yabo. Ni haba hari umugore yishuye neza impungenge z’uwundi mugore, ni umushimire kandi uhimirize abandi bagore ngo

bazirikane umuti yashikirije.

Intambamyi zishoboka:

Nta mwanya wo gushobora guteka gatatu ku munsi.

o Iyo umuvyeyi ashobora gukinjikira umwana wiwe ibifungurwa vy‟ifu

ya tubaramure kabiri ku munsi, yoshobora no kumutegurira umusururu. Ibifungurwa vya CSB biranyaruka gutegura kandi

ntibisaba umwanya munini.

Abakenyezi bashobora kutaba bafise amafaranga kugira bongere muri wa musururu imfungurwa nka zitatu canke zine.

o Mu gihe ata mikoro ngo bongeremwo imfungurwa nka zitatu, bashishikarize kwongeramwa na zibiri hoho. Bidashoboka imwe yoba ihagije.

o Bashishikarize kugira intambwe ntonto kugira bashike kuri iyi ntumbero. N‟aho batoshobora kugera aho bongeramwo imfungurwa zitatu canke zirenga, bazobona ko bifasha umwana gukura neza

busumba ubwa mbere.

14. Kwimenyereza no kumenyereza ─ iminota 20

1. Saba abavyeyi Tubaramure gushikiriza abandi inyigisho baronkejwe uyu musi

bakoresheje impapuro zibiri za mbere z’iki cigwa zo mu gitabo c’amasanamu

mfashanyigisho. Bakwiye kubwira uwundi mugore ari mu mugwi Tubaramure

bakoresheje bwa buhinga bwo kwigisha.

2. Bwira abo bavyeyi bari muri Tubaramure bumviriza izo nyigisho ko borondera ikintu

batemera mu vyo bigishijwe; imvo imwe ituma babona ko iyo nyigisho yoba igoye

kuri bo.

3. Abo bavyeyi Tubaramure bashikiriza izo nyigisho bakwiye kugerageza gufasha abo

bagore gutsinda izo ntambamyi.

4. Iminota cumi iheze, usabe abo bagore kuguza ibibanza. Uwo wundi muvyeyi wa

Tubaramure nawe azoca atanga inyigisho ziri mu mpapuro zibiri z’iki cigwa zikurikira

zo mu gitabo c’amasanamu mfashanyigisho.

5. Imboneza ikwiye kwumviriza, igakosora, kandi igafasha abavyeyi ba Tubaramure

vyagoye.

6. Bose bahejeje, ace yishura ibibazo abo bavyeyi boba bafise ku bijanye n’ibikoresho,

canke n’icigwa c’uyu musi.

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15. Kwiyemeza ─ iminota 2

? Mbega uragomba gufata ingingo ijanye n‟inyigisho vumvise uyu musi? None icemezo cawe ni ikihe?

Saba umuvyeyi wese avuge mu majambo yikuriye mu kanwa icemezo gishasha agiye gufata uyu musi. Umuvyeyi wese arashobora kwihitiramwo icemezo abona

ko gihambaye gusumba ibindi kuri we.

Akarorero:

Umwana wanje w’amezi atandatu nzomuha umusururu gatatu ku munsi.

Umwana wanje w’amezi indwi nzokwama mbanza kumwonsa imbere yo kumufungurira.

Kugira umwana wanje w’amezi atandatu agire amagufa n’imitsi bikomeye nzomufungurira umusururu.

16. Gusuzuma─ iminota 15

Baza umwe umwe wese mu ba vyeyi ivyo biyemeje kugirira abana.

? Ni ibihe wiyemeje kugirira umwana ku nyigisho yaheze? Wagumye ushingiye kuri ico nyene?

? Gute– Waranguye iki? o Hoba hari umuntu (umushingantahe wawe, nyogokuru canke abana)

bakubereye intambamyi canke ngo bakubuze kurangura ico wiyemeje?

Tubwire uko vyagenze?

o Ni ibihe bintu mu buzima (abantu, ibishika canke ibikorwa vya misi yose) vyatumye udashobora kurangura ivyo wari wiyemeje?

o Wabigenjeje gute ngo utsinde izo ntambamyi?

Ubwa nyma, baza umuvyeyi wese ingene yakoze mu ndwi zibiri zaheze:

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Mu ndwi zibiri ziheze, umwana wawe yoba yarashushe?

Woba wagize iki kugira witeho ikibondo cawe? (Canke wokora iki mu gihe

umwana wawe yoshuha? Ni uwuhe muti w‟akamaro ku nyonko?)

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Icigwa ca 2: Ingaburo y’umwana: Hagati y’amezi

9 na 11

Abavyeyi bazokonsa abana babo bari hagati y‟amezi 9 na 11 ijoro

n‟umurango igihe cose berekanye ikimenyetso c‟uko bashonje. Bahejeje kwonsa, abavyeyi bazobafungurira bakoresheje igice c‟Agasabasaba

(250 ml) incuro zine ku munsi.

Abavyeyi bazobagaburira imfungurwa zimanyuye mu duce dutoduto, izisekuye canke ziseye neza zorohera umwana kuzitoresha intoke no

kuzifungura. Abavyeyi bazotegurira abana udufungurwa tworoshe kugira bunganire

ingaburo y‟umusururu. o Kubafungurira utwo dufungurwa kenshi gashoboka na canecane

nk‟utwamwa bagize uduce dutoduto, canke badusekuye neza (inyanya,

imyembe, amapera, ibipapaye, imihwi, amatunda, inanasi, imicungwe, amavoka…).

o Kubafungurira imfungurwa z‟akazuyazi nk‟amagi (umurete), ibiraya, ikaroti, n‟imyungu.

o Kubaha imfungurwa ziteguye nk‟amata avuye mu vyamwa (Yoghurt canke umukate).

Umuvyeyi yonsa azofungura ubwoko bw‟ibifungurwa buvanze harimwo

ibiharage, inyama (nk‟urwagasha canke amahaha), ikinzari, umuceri munini, amavuta y‟amamesa atukura, ibiyoba, intete ziseye, ifi n‟amagi8

Abavyeyi bazotegerezwa gufata ku mutwe no kuririmba ka karirimbo ko gufungurira umwana igihe cose umwana azoba ariko arafungurirwa (kugira

bimumenyeshe igikorwa bariko baramugirira).9

Abavyeyi bategerezwa kumenya ko umwana adafunguye akurikije ibihe neza azorwara indwara zo gufungura nabi kandi agashobora no gupfa (Indwara

zirashobora kumukarira cane). 10

Ibikoresho:


2. Ibipapuro binini vyo gufasha uwuremesha ivyigwa

8Foods selected are based on findings of the Local Determinants of Malnutrition Study. Breastfeeding women

who ate foods these foods had healthier children compared to mothers who did not eat these foods. For more information, see http://www.slideshare.net/jehill3/local-determinants-of-malnutrition-an-expanded-positive-deviance-study. 9Cues for action and perceived severity are behavioral determinants in barrier analysis found to be significant

for increasing feeding frequency. Use the song to help remind mothers of the importance of feeding children the appropriate number of times. Remind mother that children who are not fed frequently will suffer from malnutrition and death. For more information, review “La Structure du Changement de Comportement : Feeding Frequency (Burundi) and www.barrieranalysis.com.

http://www.barrieranalysis.com/

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Incamake:

Urukino: Gutegura umusururu ngirakamaro

Ukwitaba ibikorwa be no kwirinda ibisamaza

Gusangira amakuru be no kubaza uko inyifato imeze muri kino gihe: Niba Mvuyekure agishonje

Kwerekana amashusho no kuganira ku nyigisho iri mu bicapo biri kuva ku

rupapuro rwa 14 gushika kurwa 19: Imfungurwa zunganira izindi, urupimo rwazo, ibihe vyo kugaburira abana.

Igikorwa: Ururirimbo rwo kugaburira umwana

Kuraba ivyoba intambamyi

Kumenyesha inyishu kuri izo ntambamyi

Gusubiramwo no kwigishanya mu mugwi wa babiri babiriri

Gusaba ko hoba kuvyitwararika cane

Kwiheza neza ko koko bavyitayeho wishimikije inyigisho yaheruka

1. Bisaba cane gufata ku mutwe. Abavyeyi bategerezwa gutega amatwi no

kugerageza kwibuka ivyo abandi bavyeyi bavuze ibere yabo.

2. Kubasaba kwicara canke guhaguruka mu muzingi barikumwe n’umuremeshakiyago wabo.

3. Umuremeshakiyago atangura avuga ati, “Ndiko ndategura umusururu, ngira nongeremwo …. (ashiramwo ikiyiko c’imfungurwa umwana akeneye kandi

ashobora gufungura)»

4. Nta nyinshu itariyo ibaho muri uyu mukino. Abavyeyi bashobora gushiramwo imfungurwa iyo ari yo yose bifuza.

5. Nk’akarorero, « Ndiko ndategura umusururu, ngira nongeremwo ibiyoba bisekuye.”

6. Umuvyeyi ari ku ruhande rw’uburyo rw’umuremeshakiyago asubiramwo iryo ryungane agaheza akongeramwo ca kiyiko c’ibifungurwa. Akarorero, « Ndiko

ndategura umusururu, ngira nongeremwo ibiyoba bisekuye n’ikiyiko c’amavuta.”

7. Kubandaniriza ku bandi bavyeyi bari ku muzingi mu gikorwa co kwongera

imfungurwa muri wa musururu.

8. Kubandanya incuro nyinshi kuri wa muzingi gushika aho bose bafatwa

n’agatwengo.

Ubu rero reka dutangure inyigisho.

1. Agakino: Gutegura umusururu-iminota 10

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2. Guhamagara Amazina no Gushikiriza Umuti

w’Ibibazo

1. Imboneza ikwiye kwandika ku mpapuro z’abitavye inama z’umupfasoni

arongora abandi wese nk’uko vyerekanywe mu gakino k’akarorero ko mu cigwa ca kane (Igitabu ca 1).

2. Imboneza ikabaza ko hariho umupfasoni arongora abandi yoba yaragize ingorane mu nama yamuhuje n’abavyeyi. Imboneza ikaronderera hamwe n’abo bavyeyi umuti w’izo ngorane, akabafasha gutora umuti w’ingorane

bafise, kandi agasaba impanuro abandi bapfasoni barongora abandi bari ngaho.

3. Imboneza ikabaza abavyeyi bapfuye,abana bapfuye, canke imbanyi nshasha muri iyo migwi y’ababanyi. Imboneza ikandika ku rupapuro rwo guhamagarirako amazina ibintu bishasha vyoba vyarabonetse.

4. Imboneza igaheza agashimira abo bagore bose ku mwete berekana mu gikorwa kandi akabahimiriza ngo bashishikare.

Mvuyekure aguma ashonje (Igicapo 2.1) – iminota 10

3. Inkuru

Soma ako gakuru ko ku rupapuro rwa 12.

Ubu Mvuyekure ashikanye amezi 9. Barumwete ategurira umusururu Mvuyekure

incuro zitatu ku munsi. Yamara n‟aho biri uko, yama afise inzara hagati y‟ivyo bihe vyo kuwumugaburira. Barumwete yaruhishijwe no kwama akinjika

umusururu. Nta mwanya ukwiye afise wo guteka incuro zitanu ku munsi. Umugabo wiwe amubaza “Ni kubera iki utagaburira Mvuyekure? Inzara irakurembeje muhungu wanje”).

4. Gutohoza

Gusoma ibibazo biri ku rupapuro rwa 12 rw‟igitabo kinini.

Kubaza ikibazo ca mbere kugirango umenye ico abavyeyi bibaza ku gituma umwana aguma ashonje.

o Twibaza ko abri mu nyigisho batanga inyishu nk‟izi: Akenshi Barumwete ntafungurira Mvuyekure uko bikwiye. Atera akura kandi agca akenera gufungurirwa incuro zine ku munsi.

Kubaza ikibazo ca kabiri kugira abavyeyi batange intererano ku kungene

twotorera inyishu ingorane ya Barumwete.

o Mvuyekure yomufungurira ivyamwa vy‟amavoka canke umutsima w‟imyumbati mu gihe yerekanye ko ashonje igihe co kumufungurir kitaragera.

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o Yoraba ko hari ubwoko bw‟imfungurwa budasaba guteka akaba aribwo amuhereza igihe cose ashonje.

Kubaza ikibazo ca nyuma kugira umenye uko abavyeyi basanzwe bafungurira

abana babo bashikanye hagati y‟amezi 9 na 11.

o Kuva ku mezi 9 gushika ku mezi 11, abavyeyi bategerezwa gufungurira abana babo ibiringo bine ku munsi, bakoresheje agace k‟Agasabasaba igihe cose babafungurira.

Himiriza ikiyago. Nturondere gukosora “inyishu zitari zo”. Reka umwe

wese atange iciyumviro ciwe. Uru rupapuro ni ikiyago, si inyigisho.

Abari aho bamaze kwishura ku kibazo ca nyuma, uce wimukira ku rupapuro rukurikira rw‟igitabo c‟amasanamu, uvuge uti “Hinge tugereranye ivyiyumviro vyanyu n‟inyigisho iri muri izi mpapuro zikurikira.”

? Ni kubera iki Mvuyekure adahaga?

? Barumwete yogira gute ngo afungurire umwana wiwe bikwiye atarinze guteka imisi yose?

? Umwana wawe afise hagati y‟amezi 9 na 11 umufungurira kangahe ku munsi?

Imfungurwa ziberanye n’ibigero vy’umwana ari hagati y’amezi 9

na 11 (igicapo ca 2.2) – iminota 5

5. Erekana:

Gusaba abavyeyi ngo bavuge ivyo babona ku bicapo biri ku rupapuro rwa 15.


6. Sigura:




25

Kwonsa umwana umwanya uwo ariwo wose mu gihe cose yerekanye

ibimenyetso vy‟uko ashonje. Kumuha imfungurwa inyuma yo kumwonsa.

o Amaberebere niyo mfungurwa ntasubirizwa mu ngaburo y‟umwana.

o Amaberebere y‟umuvyeyi ni yo meza gusumba amata y‟ibindi

bikoko canke amazi.

o Kubandanya kumwonsa kugeza ku myaka ibiri mbere n‟iyirenga.

o Igihe cose kwitwararika kumwonsa imbere yo kumugaburira.

Ku mezi icenda, kumuha infungurwa zimanyuye mu duce dutoduto canke

ziseye. Kumuha ivyo ashobora gufungurisha intoke ziwe.

o Imfungurwa zigumagumye zimwigisha guhekenya.

o Utumany-manyu tw‟ifungurwa twoba dutoduto cane kugira ntibihagame mu muhogo.

o Gushishikarira umwana kwiha imfungurwa n‟intoke ziwe.

o Ivyo bibafasha gukomeza intoke zabo.

? Mbega wodondora neza ubwoko bw‟imfungurwa wagaburiye umwana wawe afise hagati y‟amezi 9 na 11 ejo haheze?

? Mu bifungurwa ashobora kwakiriza intoke, ejo haheze woba wahaye umwana wawe afise hagati y‟amezi 9 na 11 ubuhe bwoko?

Igipimo n’ibihe vyo gufungurira umwana: hagati y’amezi 9 na 11

(Igicapo ca 2.3) – iminota 5

7. Erekana:

Gusaba abavyeyi ngo basigure ivyo babona ku bicapo biri ku rupapuro rwa 17.


8. Sigura:


26


Ku bana bafise hagati y‟amezi 9 na 11, bafungurire incuro zine ku munsi.

o Kumugungurira mugatondo ka kare, sa sita, inyuma ya saha sita no ku mugoroba.

o Kumufungurira umusururu uvuze n‟ibifungurwa bagize uduce dutoduto.

o Kumuha udufungurwa n‟utwo anywa two kumunezereza nka

rimwe canke kabiri ku munsi.

Kumugaburira agace k‟Agasabasaba igihe cose afungura.

o Uzoheza wibonere urupimo rw‟ivyo umwana wawe ashobora

gufungura.

o Ongereza urupimo rw‟imfungurwa ukurikije n‟inzara afise.

o Inzara idaheze, mwongere ibindi bifungurwa.

Abana badafunguriwe incuro zine ku munsi bashobora kurwara indwara ziva

ku gufungura nabi.

o Uyu mushingantahe afungurira ikibondo ciwe kabir ku munsi.

o Umwana ashilanye imyaka ibiri ariko aguma agwaragurika.

o Yafunguriwe nabi none nta tuguvu namba afise iyo ariko aratambuka.

? Karorero afungurira Biguvu ibihe vyinshi ku munsi. Ni kubera iki abigira artyo?

o Yifuza gukingira Biguvu indwara ziva ku gufungura nabi.

o Ariko ategurira Biguvu gukomera no kuramba.

o Ategerezwa rero kumufungurira kenshi kugira akure neza mu

gihagararo no mu bukomezi.

Izindi nsiguro ku bigisha abandi

Ukwonsa

Amaberebere arimwo igice kirenga c‟imfungurwa ntanganguvu umwana

akeneye mu gihe ashikanye hagati y‟amezi 6 n‟umwaka. Imbere y‟igice ca mbere c‟ubuzima bw‟umwana, amaberebere niyo mfungurwa ntasubirizwa ku

mwana. Abana bonka iminsi yose ntibagwaragurika nk‟abatonkejwe bikwiye, niyo

bishitse bagwara umwanya muto kandi ntibahuta guhitanwa n‟indwara

z‟abana.10

10

Infant and Young Child Feeding: Model Chapter for Textbooks for Medical Students and Allied

Health Professionals. World Health Organization: 2009. Page 20.

27

Abana bonka ibihe bikeyi iyo bagaburirwa ubundi bwoko bw‟ibifungurwa. Abapfasoni barakeneye kwonsa kenshi n‟igihe cose imbere yo gufungurira umwana ashitse muri ivyo bigero kugira bamutegurire kugira amagara meza.

Utwuzango ku bana bafise hagati y’amezi 9 na 11 (Igicapo ca 2.4)

– iminota 5

9. Erekana:

Gusaba abavyeyi ngo basigure ivyo babona ku bicapo biri ku rupapuro rwa 19 mu gitabo ndemeshanyigisho.

? Ni ibiki mubona kuri aya masanamu?

10. Sigura:


Ukoreshe amungane ndondozi magufi yanditseko kugira ngo wiyibutse

isanamu ijana na buri ngingo.

Gufungurira umwana ibifungurwa bidahinguye nk‟inyanya, imyembe, amapera,

ipapayi, imihwi, amabungo, inanasi, imicungwe, n‟amavoka.

o Ibifungurwa bitarinda guca gutekwa biroroshe gutegurira abana.

o Birakenewe kuvyitwaza igihe cose muri ku rugendo canke mutari I

muhira.

Kumufungurira ibifungurwa biribwa bitetse nk‟umusururu, amagi, ibiraya, ikariti, n‟imyungu.

o Guteka imfungurwa z‟umwana imisi yose mu gitondo.

o Kuzimugaburira bitarenze uwo munsi nyene.

Kumufungurira ibindi bisanzwe bihinguye nk‟amata y‟ivyamwa canke umukate.

? Ni utuhe dufungurwa twuzangwa uzoha umwana wawe muri iyi ndwi?

28

11. Igikorwa: Ururirimbo rwo gufungurira umwana– iminota 15

1. Gusubiramwo ururirimbo rwo gufungurira umwana gushika aho abavyeyi

barumenya ku mutwe.

2. Gusigura: Ntitwifuza kwibagira ikintu na kimwe mu vyo twamaze kwigishwa ku bijanye no gufungurira umwana. Umuntu wese aba mu muryango

ategerezwa kwiga urwo ruririmbo kugira mufashanye gutegura no gufungurira umwana neza.

Akarorero k‟ururirimbo:

Ku mezi atandatu, gufungurira imwana umusururu woroshe kugira akure mu gihagararo kandi akomere.

Kuyihwanya nezal, ikaba itavuze canke ngo ibe amazi cane, kuyimuha gatatu ku munsi.

Icitabirizo: Ntiwibagire kumwonsa.Kumwonsa kenshi ku munsi. Ntiwibagire kumwonsa. Kumwonsa kenshi ku munsi.

Ku mezi icenda, mugaburire imfungurwa zamunyuwe mu duce dutoduto kgira agire igikuriro kandi akomere.

Bimanyure ubigire uduce dutoduto ubimuhereze kane ku munsi.

Icitabirizo: Ntiwibagire kumwonsa.Kumwonsa kenshi ku munsi. Ntiwibagire kumwonsa. Kumwonsa kenshi ku munsi

Ku mezi 12, mufungurire imfungurwa musanzwe mufungura mu muryango kugira agire igikuriro kandi akomere.

Bimanyure ubigire uduce dutoduto ubimuhereze gatanu ku munsi.

Icitabirizo: Ntiwibagire kumwonsa.Kumwonsa kenshi ku munsi. Ntiwibagire kumwonsa. Kumwonsa kenshi ku munsi.

12. Gucaca: iminota 10


29

Saba abo bavyeyi bayagishe umugore yicaye i ruhande yabo. Ni bavugane nawe amakenga yabo yose boba bafise ku cigwa. Bari hamwe bakwiye kugerageza

gutora umuti w’ayo makenga n’izo ngorane. Imitota itanu iheze, uce usaba Abavyeyi Tubaramure bashikirize ivyo bayazeko.


Bafashe kutora inyishu ku madidane yabo. Ni haba hari umugore yishuye neza

impungenge z’uwundi mugore, ni umushimire kandi uhimirize abandi bagore ngo bazirikane inyishu yashikirije.

Ingorane zishobora gushika:

Nta mafranga mfise kugira ndamutegurire utwo dufungurwa two kumunezereza.

o Muri ico gihe muhereze ivyamwa canke imfungurwa zitetse nk‟ikiraya n‟imyungu.

o Himiriza abavyeyi kugura imbuto z‟ivyamwa canke z‟imboga (nk‟imyungu) bongere bazitere hafi y‟imuhira.


1. Saba Abavyeyi Tubaramure gushikiriza abandi inyigisho baronkejwe uyu musi

bakoresheje impapuro zibiri za mbere z’iki cigwa zo mu Gitabo c’Amasanamu Mfashanyigisho. Bakwiye kubwira uwundi mugore ari mu Mugwi Tubaramure

bakoresheje bwa buhinga bwo kwigisha.

2. Bwira abo Bavyeyi Tubaramure bumviriza izo nyigisho ko borondera ikintu

batemera mu vyo bigishijwe; imvo imwe ituma babona ko iyo nyigisho yoba igoye kuri bo.

3. Abo Bavyeyi Tubaramure bashikiriza izo nyigisho bakwiye kugerageza

gufasha abo bagore gutsinda izo ntambamyi.

4. Iminota cumi iheze, usabe abo bagore kuguza ibibanza. Uwo wundi Muvyeyi

Tubaramure nawe azoca atanga inyigisho ziri mu mpapuro zibiri z’iki cigwa zikurikira zo mu Gitabo c’amasanamu mfashanyigisho.

5. Umu Promoteri akwiye kwumviriza, agakosora, kandi agafasha Abavyeyi

Tubaramure vyagoye.

30

6. Bose bahejeje, ace yishura ibibazo abo bavyeyi boba bafise ku bijanye n’ibikoresho, canke n’icigwa c’uyu musi.



Saba umuvyeyi wese avuge mu majambo yikuriye mu kanwa icemezo gishasha agiye gufata uyu musi. Umuvyeyi wese arashobora kwihitiramwo icemezo abona

ko gihambaye gusumba ibindi kuri we.

Nk‟akarorero:

Imisi yose umwana wanje afise hagati y‟amezi 9 na 11 nzomuhereza

udufungurwa two kumunezereza (snacks).

Nzomugaburira igihe cose anyeretse ko ashonje.

Imisi yose nzokwama nonsa umwana wanje afise hagati y‟amezi 6 na 11 imbere yo kumugaburira.

Nzomuhereza imfungurwa ashobora kurisha intoke.


Baza umuvyeyi umwe umwe ivyerekeye imigambi bigiriye.

? Ku cigwa caheruka, wari wafashe ikihe cemezo? Washoboye gushika ku ngingo wari wigiriye?

? Gute? Ni ibihe bikorwa waranguye? o Hoba hari umuntu (umushingantahe wawe, nyogokurur canke

umwana) atakorohereje canke yakubujije gukurikiza ingingo wigiriye?

o Ni zihe ntambamyi (abantu, ibishika mu buzima, canke ibikorwa) zashikiye ubuzima bwawe zatumye ingingo wifatiye zidashoboka?

31

o Hari ico washoboye kugira ngo utorere inyishu izo ngorane?

Mu guheraheza, saba umuvyeyi umwe umwe wese ivyerekeye ivyo yakoze mu ndwi zibiri ziheze:

Babaye bafise umwana afise hagati y‟amezi 6 n‟9:

Umwana wawe wamufunguriye iki muri izi ndwi zibiri ziheze? (canke mu gihe badafise umwana ageze muri ivyo bigero, mwomuha iki?)

Ni ryari wonsa umwana wawe? (canke yotegerejwe konswa incuro zingahe?)

Umwana wawe umufungurira kangahe ku munsi? (canke umuvyeyi

yotegerejwe kugaburira umwana wiwe w‟amezi 6 n‟9 ku munsi?)

32

Icigwa ca 3: Ugufungurira umwana afise hagati

y’amezi 12 na 23

Ku mezi 12, umuvyeyi azofungurira umwana hafi y‟akarahuri kose

k‟Agasabasaba (kuri 3/4) ibihe bitanu ku munsi.

o Abavyeyi bazogaburira abana babo ivyo basanzwe bafungura mu muryango n‟utudi tundi dufungurwa.

o Abavyeyi bazokongereza igipimo c‟ivyo bafungurira abana babo bakurikije ingene abana bagenda bagira akayabagu, gushika ku

karahuri k‟Agasabasaba kuzuye uko umwana akura.

Kubandanya kumwonsa igihe conse ashakiye amaberebere iyindi myaka ibiri

canke n‟iyirenga. Amaberebere abandanya gukingira umwana indwara nyinshi igihe cose abandanije yonka neza.

Abavyeyi bazomanyura izo mfungurwa canke bazisye kugira ziborohere

kumira. Inyama bazozikebagura mu duce dutoduto. AMagufa y‟ifi n‟ibisato bigumye bazobivanako kugira ntibihave bibabaza umwana.

Abavyeyi bazofungurira abana imyumbati, inyama z‟urwagasha canke igitigu

n‟umunyu kugira bakure kandi bakomere.

o Kwongeramwo udutete tw‟umunyu mu mfungurwa umuryango usanzwe ufungura. Umunyu urimwo ubintu bifasha ubwonko bw‟mwana gukura no kubafasha kuzotegera neza ivyigwa hageze

kobaja mw‟ishure.

o Abavyeyi bafunguriye abana imyumbati n‟inyama z‟urwagasha n‟ igitigu basanze abana babo bafise amagara meza gusumba abatigeze baronka ivyo bifungurwa.11

Abavyeyi bazotegerezwa kumenya ko umwana wabo ashobora kugwara

indwara zitegwa no gufungura nabi nibatabafungurira kane canke mbere gatanu ku munsi (Bitera biba nk‟aho bimera uko). 12

Ibikoresho:


2. Igitabo kirimwo amasanamu yo kwigishirizako

11

Foods selected are based on findings of the Local Determinants of Malnutrition Study. Mothers who offered

these foods to their child had healthier children compared to mothers who did not offer these foods. For more information, see http://www.slideshare.net/jehill3/local-determinants-of-malnutrition-an-expanded-positive-deviance-study. 12

Perceived severity is a behavioral determinant in barrier analysis found to be significant for increasing

feeding frequency. Use this lesson and discussion questions to increase the understanding of the severity of not feeding children 12-23 months five times each day. For more information, review “La Structure du Changement de Comportement: Feeding Frequency (Burundi) and www.barrieranalysis.com.

http://www.barrieranalysis.com/

33

3. Akarahuri k’Agasabasaba*

4. Akadobo gatoyi canke inkono yo guteka*

5. Ivu (ibikombe bine vy’ivu)*

Incamake

Agakino: Ururirimbo rw‟ibimenyetso vy‟indwara

Ukwitaba ibikorwa no kwirinda ibisamaza

Gutera inkuru no kubaza ibijanye n‟inyifato bateyeko

Kwerekana ibicapo no gusabikanya inyigisho nyamukuru iri mu bicapo vyo ku kuva ku rupapuro rwa 22 gushika kuri 27: Ukubandanya kwonsa, urugero n‟ibihe vyo gufungurira umwana, imfungurwa zituma umwana akura neza

kandi akomeye

Igikorwa: Umushishito w‟umwana

Kuraba intambamyi zishobora gushika

Kubamenyesha inyishu ku ntambamyi mu gihe zishitse

Kwimenyereza no kwigishanya mu mirwi ya babiri babiri

Gusaba ko habamwo umwete

Gusuzuma umwete mu nyigisho zaheruka

1. Gusubiramwo ururirimbo rw‟ibimenyetso vy‟indwara ruri mu gitabu ca 3, inyigisho ya 4.

1. Agakino: Ururirimbo rw’ibimenyetso

vy’indwara - iminota 10

Mwana wanje yafashwe n‟ubushuhe, Malariya yaciye kuturamutsa.

Namushizeko ikintu gikanyisha munzira yerekeza kwa muganga,

Malariya dukwiye kuyigwanya.

Namutanguje umuti uwo musi nyene,

Imisi itatu yayimaze afata Amodiyakine na aritezinate,

Malariya dukwiye kuyigwanya.

Uyu musi nongeyeko uwundi mwanya wo kumwonsa no kumugaburira,

Malariya dukwiye kuyigwanya

Amaze gukira namaze imisi ibiri (2) nongeyeko uwundi mwanya wokumwonsa

no kumugaburira

None ubu umwana wanje aryama mu musegetera urimwo umuti,

Malariya ntiyongeye kugaruka, none ubu umwana wanje ni muzima

34

Ndibaza ko inguvu zigarutse, none reka dutangure inyigisho y‟uno munsi.

2. Guhamagara Amazina no Gushikiriza Umuti w’Ibibazo

1. Imboneza ikwiye kwandika ku mpapuro z’abitavye inama z’umupfasoni arongora abandi wese nk’uko vyerekanywe mu gakino k’akarorero ko mu cigwa

ca kane (Igitabu ca 1).

2. Imboneza ikabaza ko hariho umupfasoni arongora abandi yoba yaragize

ingorane mu nama yamuhuje n’abavyeyi. Imboneza ikaronderera hamwe n’abo bavyeyi umuti w’izo ngorane, akabafasha gutora umuti w’ingorane bafise, kandi agasaba impanuro abandi bapfasoni barongora abandi bari ngaho.

3. Imboneza ikabaza abavyeyi bapfuye,abana bapfuye, canke imbanyi nshasha muri iyo migwi y’ababanyi. Imboneza ikandika ku rupapuro rwo guhamagarirako

amazina ibintu bishasha vyoba vyarabonetse.


Amaberebere ntahagije (Igicapo ca 3.1) – iminota 10

3. Agakuru

Picture A. Soma agakuru kari ku rupapuro rwa 20 mu gitabo mfashanyigisho.

Barumwete ariko ayaga n‟umugenzi wiwe bafise abana. Mu gihe umwana wa

Barumwete arize, aca amuha ikimanyu c‟igitoke gitetse. Iyo umwana

w‟umubanyi wiwe nawe arize, nyina aramwonsa. Umubanyi iridoga ngo “Ibere ntirikibumba umwana wanje”. Barumwete aca avuga “Ingo hano”. “Akeneye utundi tundi twongera kw‟ibere. Umwana wawe ararengeje umwaka. Harageze

ko wongera kw‟ibere utundi dufungurwa kugira ashobore guhaga.”

4. Gutohoza

Picture B. Soma ibibazo biri ku rupapuro rwa 20 mu gitabo mfashanyigisho.

Baza ikibazo ca mbere kugira wibutse ka gakuru: o Twibaza ko abari mu nyigisho bazokwishura nk‟uku gukurikira:

Barumwete yafungurira umwana wiwe igitoke gitetse. Umubanyi nawe yaramwonsa.

Baza ikibazo ca kabiri kugira umenye ico abavyeyi bibaza ku coba kibereye

mu gufungurira umwana ashikanye ivyo bigero.

35

o Ku mwaka umwe, umwana akeneye gufungurirwa kenshi. Ibere ryonyene ntirishobora kubumba umwana ashitse muri ivyo bigero13.

Barumwete ariko agirira umwana wiwe ibibereye.

o Barumwete yigiye ibintu vyinshi vyiza kuri Karorero. Ubu nawe atanguye kuvyigisha abandi.

Baza ikibazo ca nyuma kugira umenye ico abavyeyi bagira iyo abana barize.

o Kubaha udufungurwa two kubanezereza bituma bahaga neza. Bahejeje gufungura, ni ukubonsa mu gihe inzara itaheze.

Picture C. Himiriza ikiyago. Nturondere gukosora “inyishu zitari zo”. Reka umwe wese atange iciyumviro ciwe. Iyi paje ni iy’ikiyago, si iy’inyigisho.

Picture D. Abari ngaho bamaze kwishura ku kibazo ca nyuma, uce wimukira ku

rupapuro rukurikira rw’igitabo c’amasanamu, uvuge uti “Hinge tugereranye

ivyiyumviro vyanyu n’inyigisho iri muri izi mpapuro zikurikira.”

? Ni ibiki umuvyeyi umwe umwe wese ahereza umwana wiwe?

? Ni nde muri bo agira uko bitegerejwe?

? Mu gihe umwana wawe afise umwaka umwe, umugaburira iki ?

Kubandanya kwonsa umwana: Hagati y’umwaka 1 n’imyaka 2 (Igicapo ca 3.2) – iminota 5

5. Erekana:

Picture E. Gusaba abavyeyi ngo basigure ivyo babona ku bicapo biri ku rupapuro rwa

23.

? Ni ibiki mubona kuri ibi bicapo?

6. Sigura:

Picture F. Shikiriza inyigisho nyamukuru ukoresheje impapuro za 22 na 23 z’igitabo

c’amasanamu mfashanyigisho.

Picture G. Ukoreshe amungane ndondozi magufi yanditseko kugira ngo wiyibutse isanamu ijana na buri ngingo.

13 Our LDM study found that mothers of malnourished children (6-60 months) were 4.5

more likely to be currently breastfeeding their child than mothers of health children.

This may be caused by women who do not offer enough food for healthy growth.

36

Ashikanye umwaka, banza umufungurire imbere yo kumwonsa. Bandanya

kumwonsa gushika ku myaka ibiri canke itatu.

o Kwonsa igihe cose umwana arishatse.

o Kwonsa birakinga indwara.

o Ibere ni ryiza gusumba amata y‟inka canke amazi.

o Abana bonse bikwiye barakura neza kandi bagakomera.

Gufungura ibiharage, inyama z‟urwagasha canke igitigu, igitunguru sumu,

umuceri, amamesa, ibiyoba, intete zisekuye, ifi n‟amagi.

o Ivyo bifungurwa bifasha umuvyeyi yonsa kuguma akomeye.

o Abavyeyi bafungura zene izo mfungurwa bagira abana bafise

amagara meza.

o Gufungura utundi dufungurwa nka tubiri ku munsi.

? Ni kubera iki abavyeyi bamwe bamwe bahagarika kwonsa imbere y‟uko umwana ashikana imyaka ibiri?

? Twobafasha gute gutegera akamaro ko kwonsa umwana igihe gikwiye?


Amata y’inka

Amata y‟inka ntarimwo ivyinyunyu bikwiye vya fer. Umwana anywa amata y‟inka mu kibanza c‟ibere ashobora kubura amaraso (amaraso atarimwo

ibikwiye). Abo bana bategerezwa kurya ibifungurwa birimwo ivyunyunyu vyinshi vya fer kugira bikingire iyo ndwara yo kubura amaraso.

Ibitigiri ngenderwako – Kubandanya kwonsa

Ibice c‟abavyeyi bafise abana bari hagati y‟amezi 6 na 24 bari baronse ibere

ry‟abavyeyi ni 93% mu Cankuzo na 84% mu Ruyigi. Ibice c‟abavyeyi bafise abana bari hagati y‟amezi 6 na 24 bakiriko baronka ni

89% mu Cankuzo na 92% mu Ruyigi.

Urugero n’ibihe vyo gufungurira umwana: Hagati y’umwaka

n’imyaka 2 (igicapo ca 3.3) – iminota 5

7. Erekana:

Picture H. Gusaba abavyeyi ngo basigure ivyo babona ku bicapo biri ku rupapuro rwa 25.


37

8. Sigura:

Picture I. Shikiriza inyigisho nyamukuru ukoresheje impapuro za 24 na 25 z’igitabo c’amasanamu mfashanyigisho.

Picture J. Ukoreshe amungane ndondozi magufi yanditseko kugira ngo wiyibutse isanamu ijana na buri ngingo.

Gufungurira umwana incuro 5 ku munsi. Kumuha umusururu n‟imfungurwa zisanzwe be n‟utundi dufungurwa two kumunezereza.

o Kumuha imfungurwa zisanzwe kabira canke karenga ku munsi.

o Kumuha imfungurwa abandi bariko barafungura.

o Kumugaburira kw‟isahani yiwe.

Kumuha gushika ku karahuri k‟Agasabasaba kuzuye igihe cose afungura.

o Kugaburira umwana kw‟isahani yiwe kugira urabe urugero ashobora kugezako.

o Tangura umuhereze akarahuri kagomba kuzura.

o Genda urongereza uko umwana akura.

o Akaba aguma ashonje, mwongere izindi mfungurwa.

Kumanyagura canke gusekura imfungurwa mu gihe zoba zomugora

guhekenya no kumira.

o Inyama zicemwo uduhimba duto duto, ifi zumye nazo

zivungagure.

o Kumanyagura canke gusekura imfungurwa zohava zibabaza umwana.

? Ni kuki Karorero afungurira umwana akoresheje akarahuri kiwe? o Niho ashobora kumenye niba umwana yafunguye bikwiye.

o Arazi ibikwiriye umwana wiwe.

Imfungurwa nziza kugira umwana akure neza: hagati y’umwaka

n’imyaka 2 (igicapo ca 3.4) – iminota 5

9. Erekana:

Picture K. Gusaba abavyeyi ngo basigure ivyo babona ku bicapo biri ku rupapuro rwa 27.

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10. Sigura:

Picture L. Shikiriza inyigisho nyamukuru ukoresheje impapuro za 26 na 27 z’igitabo


Picture M. Ukoreshe amungane ndondozi magufi yanditseko kugira ngo wiyibutse


Gufundurira umwana amateke. Afasha abana gukura neza.

o Kuyateka hanyuma ukayagaburira umwana nk‟umusururu.

o Kuyateka ulayateranya n‟ibiharage be n‟ifi.

o Kuyakaranga kugira uze urayaha umwana nk‟udufungurwa to

kumunezereza.

Kugaburira umwana inyama n‟ifi kugira agire amaraso akwiye, imitsi n‟amagufa bikomeye.

o Ivyo bifungurwa birimwo ivyunyunyu vya fer bikenewe mu maraso.

o Ivyo bifungurwa birimwo protein zikenewe ku mitsi no ku magufa.

Kwongera mu mfungurwa umuryango usanzwe ufungura udutete tw‟munyu.

o Kugura umunyu urimwo ivyunyunyu vyitwa iyode.

o Umunyu uva muri Tanzanya nta ivyo vyunyunyu ufise.

o Umunyu urimwo iyode uasha abana kwiga neza mu ashure.

? Ni izihe mfungurwa zindi umwana akeneye kugira akure neza? o Imfungurwa ntanganguvu nk‟amavuta n‟intete.

o Ivyamwa n‟imboga.


Ibintu bituma haba ugfungura nabi mu Burundi

Picture N. Abavyeyi bafungurira abana babo amateke, inyama, n’umunyu bagira amagara meza gusumba abavyeyi batigeze babaha izo mfungurwa.

Picture O. Abana bakora ibintu vyiza bitari bimenyerewe baba barasumbije gufungura

inyama abana bagwaye indwara ziva kugufungura nabi nk’icuro 2.6.

Ivyunyunyu vya fer

Inyama zoba zirimwo ivyunyunyu bike vya fer ugereranije n‟ibiterwa; Yamara rero ivyunyunyu vyo mu nyama vyoroshe gusabagira mu mubiri kandi bica

bikora ningoga na ningoga. Kumufungurira inyama nkeyi canke ibindi

39

bifungurwa biva ku bikoko bura indwi ni yo nzira ibereye mu kumukingira ibura ry‟amaraso (ibura rya fer).

Inyigisho kuvyerekeye fer, subiramwo icigwa ca 2 mu gitabu ca 2.

Ibitigiri ngenderwako – Inyama

Dukurikije ibiharuro dufise, abantu 3% nibo bonyene bari bafunguye inyama (zaba izo inka, intama, impene, urukwavu, inkoko, imbata, canke ubundi

bw‟inyoni, igitigu, amafyigo, mutima, canke ikindi gice cose) mu masaha 24 yakurikira icigwa.

11. Igikorwa: Umushishito w’umwana – iminota

30

Imbere yo gutangura, rondera ibikoresho bikurikira:

Akarahuri k’Agasabasaba

Inkono canke indobo y’ivu

Ivu (ringana n’uturahuri 4 tw’ Agasabasaba)

Uzuza ivu akarahuri k’Agasabasaba. Curanurira iryo vu mu ndobo canke

inkono. Uzuza ka karahuri izindi ncuro zitatu wongera usauka muri ya nkono canke indobo. Ubu indobo irimwo ml 1000 z’ivu.

1. Erekana ya ndobo canke inkono irimwo za ml 1000 z’ivu

2. Sigura ko iryo vu riri mu kibanza c’imfungurwa umwana afise amagara meza akeneye ku munsi kugira agire igikuriro kandi akomere.

3. Suka rya vu mu turwi dutat. Sigura ko akagwi kose karenza gato imfungurwa zuzuye akarahuri k’Agasabasaba.

Vyoba ari vyiza ko umwana w‟umwaka umwe (amezi 12) afungura akarahuri k‟Agasabasaba kuzuye igihe cose bamufunguriye?

4. Sigura: Kumbure sivyo. Akarahuri kanengesereye k’Agasabasaba vyoba ari vyinshi cane ku mwana w’umwaka umwe (amezi 12).

5. Saba abapfasoni kugabanganya ivu mu turwi dutoya – Akarwi umwana

w’umwaka umwe yoshobora gufungura bura igihe.

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6. Bahejeje gutora uko akagwi umwana w’umwaka umwe yofungura kongana, basabe basubire bagire utundi turundo gushika aho barangiza ivu ryose riri

mu ndobo. Akagwi kose kerekana ivyo umwana yofungurirwa.

7. Hereza abavyeyi umwanya ukwiye kugira bayage bongere bagabanganye ivu mu mirwi ingana gushika aho bumva bashima inyishu yabo.

? Watoye kumufungurira ibingana gute?

12. Uburyo bwonyene bufasha umwana w’umwaka umwe gufungura ml 1000 ni

iyo afungura duke duke (ml 200) incuro zitanu ku munsi. Muri ubu buryo

umwana azoshobora guhaga, no gufungura neza imisi yose kugira agire igikuriro yongere akomere.

? Hoshika iki mu gihe umuvyeyi yohitamwo gusa kugaburira umwana wiwe incuro zibiri canke zitatu ku munsi? Vyogendera gute umwana?

Gusigura:

Abana bageze kuri ibi bigero bakeneye ml 1000 z’imfungurwa ku munsi.

Mu gihe umuvyeyi afunguriye umwana wiwe kabiri canke gatatu gusa ku munsi umwana ntashobora guhaga. Kandi ntakura neza. Azoca agwara

indwara zo kudafungura neza.

Umwana w‟amezi 12 ni ukumufungurira igice c‟akarahuri k‟imfungurwa ibihe

bitanu ku munsi. Uko umwana agira akayabagu niko wongereza urugero kugira ahage neza. Ku mezi 18, umwana wanyu azoba ashobora kurya ikirahuri cose no

gufungura incuro zitanu ku munsi.



Saba abo bavyeyi bayagishe umugore yicaye i ruhande yabo. Ni bavugane nawe

amakenga yabo yose boba bafise ku cigwa. Bari hamwe bakwiye kugerageza

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gutora umuti w’ayo makenga n’izo ngorane. Imitota itanu iheze, uce usaba Abavyeyi Tubaramure bashikirize ivyo bayazeko.


Bafashe kuronka umuti w’amadidane yabo. Ni haba hari umugore yishuye neza impungenge z’uwundi mugore, ni umushimire kandi uhimirize abandi bagore ngo bazirikane umuti yashikirije.


1. Saba Abavyeyi bari mu mugambi Tubaramure gushikiriza abandi inyigisho

baronkejwe uyu musi bakoresheje impapuro zibiri za mbere z’iki cigwa zo mu Gitabo c’Amasanamu Mfashanyigisho. Bakwiye kubwira uwundi mugore ari

mu Mugwi Tubaramure bakoresheje bwa buhinga bwo kwigisha.

2. Bwira abo Bavyeyi Tubaramure bumviriza izo nyigisho ko borondera ikintu batemera mu vyo bigishijwe; imvo imwe ituma babona ko iyo nyigisho yoba

igoye kuri bo.

3. Abo Bavyeyi Tubaramure bashikiriza izo nyigisho bakwiye kugerageza


4. Iminota cumi iheze, usabe abo bagore kuguza ibibanza. Uwo wundi Muvyeyi Tubaramure nawe azoca atanga inyigisho ziri mu mpapuro zibiri z’iki cigwa

zikurikira zo mu Gitabo c’amasanamu mfashanyigisho.


Tubaramure vyagoye.

6. Bose bahejeje, ace yishura ibibazo abo bavyeyi boba bafise ku bijanye n’ibikoresho, canke n’icigwa c’uyu musi.

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Saba umuvyeyi wese avuge mu majambo yikuriye mu kanwa icemezo gishasha agiye gufata uyu musi. Umuvyeyi wese arashobora kwihitiramwo icemezo abona ko gihambaye gusumba ibindi kuri we.

Nk’akarorero:

Umwana wanje w‟umwaka zzogaburira ibihe bitanu ku munsi. Muri iyi ndwi nzomushirira mu mfungurwa umunyu.

Ku ndwi ku ndwi, nzomugaburira amateke n‟inyama.


Saba umuvyeyi wese avuge ku bijanye n’inama yari yigiriye.

? Wari wafashe iyihe nama ku nyigisho iheze? Woba warayiranguye?

? Gute – Wakoze iki? o Hoba hari umuntu (umushingantahe wawe, nyogokurur canke

umwana) atakorohereje canke yakubujije gukurikiza ingingo wigiriye?

o Ni zihe ntambamyi (abantu, ibishika mu buzima, canke ibikorwa) zashikiye ubuzima bwawe zatumye ingingo wifatiye zidashoboka?

o Hari ico washoboye kugira ngo utorere inyishu izo ngorane?

Mu guheraheza, saba umuvyeyi umwe umwe wese ayagire abandi ivyerekeye ivyo yakoze mu ndwi zibiri ziheze:

Picture P. Ejo hahise, ni iki wafunguriye umwana wawe afise hagati y’amezi 6 na 11?

Picture Q. Ni utuhe dufungurwa two kumunezereza woba waramuhaye ejo haheze?

Picture R. Umwana wawe angana gute (afise imyaka/amezi angahe?) Ni ruruhe rupimo ukoresha mu gihe co kumufungurira?

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Inyigisho ya 4: Ibigize umusururu: Ifu ya CSB

n’ibifungurwa birimwa mu Burundi

Abavyeyi bazokwitwararika ko abana, abavyeyi bibungenze n‟abonsa

bafungura neza.

o Mu gutegura udufungurwa two kwinezereza, umuvyeyi yibungenze canke yonsa azokoresha uturahuri tubiri twa CSB n‟utuyiko tubiri

tw‟amavuta ku munsi.14

o Ku bana bafise hagati y‟amezi 6 na 24, abavyeyi bazokoresha

akarahuri kamwe ka CSB n‟akayiko k‟amavuta ku munsi.15

o Ku bana barenza imyaka ibiri mbere no ku bandi bantu bakuze,

hazotegurwa ibirahuri 4 vy‟umusururu n‟ibiyiko 4 vy‟amavuta.16

Abavyeyi bazokongerako izindi mfungurwa ku musururu wa CSB kugira bigire akanovera n‟akamaro.

o Kwongerako umuhwi, ubuki canke ivyamwa kugira bisose.

o Kwongeramwo ifi zimanyaguye canke ziseye n‟ibiharage mu musururu urimwo umunyu.

o Umusururu wa CSB ukorwa mu rugero rumwe rwa CSB n‟ingero zibiri z‟amazi. Kwongeramwo amazi uko bikenewe kugira umusururu worohe canke uvuze bivanye n‟ibigero vy‟umwana.

Kubiteka nk‟iminota itanu.

Abavyeyi bategerezwa gutegurira imfungurwa zifise akamaro mu mubiri w‟umwana, harimwo amateke, igitunguru sumu, inyama z‟ibikoko,

irengarenga, imyungu, n‟umunyu.17

o Amateke, inyama z‟ibikoko n‟umunyu ni ibifungurwa bikomeza abana. Abavyeyi bonsa iyo bafunguye amateke basanze bagira abana

bakomeye gusumba abatayariye.

o Imyungu irimwo vitamine A nyinshi; inyama z‟ibikoko n‟irengarenga

birimwo ivyunyunyu vya fer vyinshi.

Ibikoresho:

1. Igitabo vyo kwandikamwo abitavye ibikorwa

14 Rations for pregnant or breastfeeding women include 200 grams of CSB and 20 grams of oil. 10 grams of oil is approximately one tablespoon. 15 Rations for children 6 to 23 months are 100 grams of CSB and 10 grams of oil. 16 The family ration is 400 grams of CSB and 40 grams of oil. 17Foods selected are based on findings of the Local Determinants of Malnutrition Study. Mothers who offered these foods to their child had healthier children compared to mothers who did not offer these foods. For more information, see http://www.slideshare.net/jehill3/local-determinants-of-malnutrition-an-expanded-positive-deviance-study.

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2. Igitabu ndemeshanyigisho

3. Ibirungo vy’amateke n’ibikoresho vy’isosi*

4. Ibikoresho vyo mu gikoni n’amakara canke inkwi vyo gutekesha*

Incamake:

Picture S. Agakino: Mu mwonga

Picture T. Ukwitaba ibikorwa no kwirinda ibisamaza

Picture U. Gutera inkuru no kubaza ibijanye n’inyifato bateyeko: gusangira umusururu

Picture V. Kwerekana ibicapo no kuyaga ku nyigisho iri kuva ku rupapuro rwa 30

gushika ku rupapuro rwa 35: Imfungurwa z’umwe umwe wese, umusururu usosa n’umusururu urimwo umunyu, amateke n’ibikoresho vy’isosi

Picture W. Igikorwa: Amateke n’isosi

Picture X. Kuraba intambamyi zishoboka

Picture Y. Kubereka inyishu zishobora ku ntambami batoye

Picture Z. Kwimenyereza no kwigishanya kuri babiri babiri

Picture AA. Gusaba ko bigira inama

Picture BB. Gusuzuma inama bigiriye mu nyigisho yaheruka

1. Guca umurongo hasi imbere y’abapfasoni ukoresheje inkoni. Umuringo uri mu

kibanza c’umugezi. Gusaba umwe umwe wese ahagarare ku nkengera zawo (hafi na hafi y’inkombe yaw a mugezi).

2. Gusigura: Muhagaze ku nkombe y’umugezi.

3. Ni navuga nti, "mu mwonga," muraheze mutere intambwe imwe mwegereza

mu “mazi."

4. Ariko rero, mvuze “mu mwonga” muragume aho muri ntimwiyunguruze

5. Ko mvuga ngo “ku nkombe” murace mutera intambwe imwe musubira inyuma.

6. Naho mvuze nti “mu nkombe” ntimwiyunguruze.

7. Muramutse mwihenze, muca muva mu rukino.

8. Kwihuta mu gutanga ibimenyetso. Hagize uwihenda, ategerezwa kuva mu

rukino. Bandanya gushika aho hasigara umuntu mwe gusa.

9. Gusubiramwo urwo rukino igihe cose bikenewe.

Ndibaza ko inguvu zigarutse, none reka dutangure inyigisho y‟uno munsi.

1. Agakino: Mu mwonga- iminota 10

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2. Guhamagara amazina no gushikiriza umuti

w’ibibazo

1. Imboneza ikwiye kwandika ku mpapuro z’abitavye inama z’umupfasoni arongora abandi wese nk’uko vyerekanywe mu gakino k’akarorero ko mu cigwa ca kane (Igitabu ca 1).

2. Imboneza ikabaza ko hariho umupfasoni arongora abandi yoba yaragize ingorane mu nama yamuhuje n’abavyeyi. Imboneza ikaronderera hamwe n’abo

bavyeyi umuti w’izo ngorane, akabafasha gutora umuti w’ingorane bafise, kandi agasaba impanuro abandi bapfasoni barongora abandi bari ngaho.

3. Imboneza ikabaza abavyeyi bapfuye,abana bapfuye, canke imbanyi nshasha muri iyo migwi y’ababanyi. Imboneza ikandika ku rupapuro rwo guhamagarirako amazina ibintu bishasha vyoba vyarabonetse.


Igakuru: Gusangira umusururu (Igicapo ca 4.1) – iminota 10

3. Agakuru

Picture CC. Gusoma ku rupapuro rwa 28 rw’igitabu ndemeshanyigisho.

Karorero ashize umusururu w‟ibirahuri 5 vya CSB kugira umwe wese mu baba

mu muryango ashore kuronka. Yongeyemwo igice c‟ikirahuri c‟ibiyoba bisekuye n‟ifi z‟amagufa zisekuye. Yongeyemwo amazi kugira umusururu worohere na

Biguvu. Ahejeje gukinjika wa musururu, aca ashiramwo amavuta. Ubwa mbere agaburira Biguvu, hanyuma abana bose bagafungura, umutoyi wa bose agatangura hanyuma abakurikira hagahereza Karorero n‟umutambukanyi wiwe.

4. Gutohoza

Picture DD. Gusoma ibibazo biri ku rupapuro rwa 28.

Picture EE. Kubaza ikibazo ca mbere kugira biyibutse ibilenyetso biri mu gakuru.

o Twibaza ko abapfasoni bishura uku gukurikira: Agakuru ntikadoma

urutoke ku gituma afungurira umwana ubwa mbere. Yamara turazi ko ari nkenerwa ku bana ko baronka imfungurwa bakeneye kugira bagire

igikuriro kandi bakomere. Mu gihe abana bafunguriwe ubwa nyuma bohava batabasigariza imfungurwa zikwiye.

Picture FF. Baza ikibazo ca kabiri kugira urabe ico abavyeyi bazi ku rupimo rw’umusururu bategurira abantu bose baba mu muryango.

o Twizera ko abari mu murwi bishura nk‟uku:

o Abavyeyi bibungenze canke bonsa bafungura ibirahuri 2 n‟ibiyiko 2 vy‟amavuta ku munsi. Abana baronka ikirahuri 1 ca CSB n‟ikiyiko 1

c‟amavuta ku munsi. Abasigaye nabo bazosangira ibirahuri 4 n‟ibiyiko 4 nyene vy‟amavuta ku munsi.

46

Picture GG. Kubaza ikibazo ca nyuma ushaka kumenya uburyo abavyeyi bakoresha mu kumenya ko abana n’abavyeyi baronse umusururu wabateguriwe.

o Andika ahantu ingorane abapfasoni bagize. Gerageza kuganira izo

ngorane n‟abakuru b‟umubano igihe cose bikenewe.

Picture HH. Himiriza ikiyago. Nturondere gukosora “inyishu zitari zo”. Reka

umwe wese atange iciyumviro ciwe. Iyi paje ni iy’ikiyago, si iy’inyigisho.

Picture II. Abari ngaho bamaze kwishura ku kibazo ca nyuma, uce wimukira ku

rupapuro rukurikira rw’igitabo c’amasanamu, uvuge uti “Hinge tugereranye ivyiyumviro vyanyu n’inyigisho iri muri izi mpapuro zikurikira.”

? Ni kubera iki Karorero afungurira umwana imbere y‟abandi?

? Ni uruhe rugero rw‟umusururu umuntu wese mu muryango aronka?

? Ni ubuhe buryo ukoresha kugira umenye ko umwana wese aronka umusururu ukwiye ku munsi?

Ibifungurwa vy’umwe umwe wese (Igicapo ca 4.2) – iminota 5

5. Erekana:

Picture A. Gusaba abavyeyi ngo basigure ivyo babona ku bicapo biri ku rupapuro rwa 31.


6. Sigura:

Picture B. Shikiriza inyigisho nyamukuru ukoresheje impapuro za 30 na 31 z’igitabo c’amasanamu mfashanyigisho.

Picture C. Ukoreshe amungane ndondozi magufi yanditseko kugira ngo wiyibutse isanamu ijana na buri ngingo.

Abapfasoni bibungenze n‟abonsa bakoresha ibirahuri 2 vya CSB n‟ibiyiko 2

vy‟amavuta ku munsi.

o Gukora umusururu w‟ikirahuri kimwe ca CSB n‟ikiyiko kimwe c‟amavuta imisi yose mu gatondo.

o Gukora umusururu w‟ikirahuri kimwe ca CSB n‟ikiyiko kimwe c‟amavuta imisi yose ku murango.

Gukora umusururu w‟ ikirahuri kimwe ca CSB n‟ikiyiko kimwe c‟amavuta ku bana bafise hagati y‟amezi 6 na 24.

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o Ku bana bari hagati y‟amezi 6 n‟8 bahereze igace k‟akarahuri

kagera kuri 1/3 vy‟umusururu wa CSB incuro zitatu ku munsi.

o Ku bana bafise hagati y‟amezi 9 na 11 bahereze agace k‟akarahuri kagera kuri 1/2 vy‟umusururu wa CSB incuro zibiri ku munsi ½ vyongera ku zindi mfungurwa.

o Ku bana bari hagati y‟umwaka n‟imyaka 2, bahereze ikirahuri cose c‟umusururu wa CSB vyiyongera ku zindi mfungurwa.

Gukoresha ibiyiko 4 vya CSB n‟ibiyiko 4 vy‟amavuta ku bandi bantu bo mu muryango.

o Abana barenza imyaka 2 co kimwe n‟abakuze baba mu muryango bafungurire umusururu.

? Hakoreshwa uruhe rugero rw‟amazi ku kirahuri cose c‟umusururu wa CSB? o Ibirahuri 2 vy‟amazi ku kirahuri cose ca CSB.

o Mu gukora umusururu munovu gusumba aho, koresha amazi adashikira ayo.

o Ku musururu w‟amazimazi, koresha amazi arenga ibirahuri 2.

Izindi nsiguro ku bigisha abandi:

Ingaburo iri mw’ifu ya CSB

Picture D. Ku bapfasoni bibungenze n’abonsa, umugambi Tubaramure wateguye

ingaburo ingana n’ama g 35 ya protéines, mg 35 za fer, na mg 15 za zinc, na UI 5,225 za vitamine A be na mcg za 600 mcg za folates.

Picture E. Ku bana Bari hagati y’amezi 6 na 24 ingaburo irimwo ama g 17 ya proteins,

am mg 831 ya calcium, ama g 18 ya fer, mg 5 za zinc na IU 2,612 za vitamin A.

Umusururu usosa n’uwurimwo umunyu (Igicapo ca 4)– iminota 5

7. Erekana:

Picture F. Gusaba abavyeyi ngo basigure ivyo babona ku bicapo biri ku rupapuro rwa 33.


8. Sigura:

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Picture G. Shikiriza inyigisho nyamukuru ukoresheje impapuro za 32 na 33 z’igitabo c’amasanamu mfashanyigisho.

Picture H. Ukoreshe amungane ndondozi magufi yanditseko kugira ngo wiyibutse isanamu ijana na buri ngingo.

Gutegura umusururu usosa: Kuvanga ibi bikurikira:

o Ikirahuri kimwe ca CSB

o Ikirahuri 1n‟igice c‟amazi

o Umuhwi umwe w‟akamaramasenge. Mu gihe ata mihwi ibonetse, koresha ikindi camwa nk‟umwembe canke igipapayi.

Kubiteka iminote nk‟ 5. Kwongeramwo amazi iyo umusururu ugiye kuvura

cane.

o Kubikura ku ziko.

o Kwongeramwo ikiyiko c‟amavuta.

o Kwongeramwo akamanyu k‟umunyu.

Mu gukora umusururu urimwo umunyu:

o Gushiramwo ikirahuri ca CSB

o Ikirahuri n‟igice c‟amazi

o Ibiyiko 2 vy‟ifi yumye, isekuye canke iseye

o Ibiyiko 2 vy‟ibiharage bisekuye

o Mugihe ata fi ziriho, gukoresha ifu y‟ibiyoba.

Kubiteka nk‟iminota 5. Kwongeramwo amazi mu gihe umusururu ugiye kuvura

cane.

o Kubikura ku ziko.

o Kwongeramwo ikiyiko c‟amavuta.

o Kwongeramwo akamanyu k‟umunyu

? Ni izihe mfungurwa wongeye mu musururu?


Agatabu “Tubaramure Recipe Booklet”

Picture I. Uburyo bwa mbere bwavuye mu gatabu ka Tubaramure Recipe Booklet.

Ubugira kabiri bwavuye mu buryo bishobora gutanga ama protein na fer ku

bana.

Imyumbati n’ingene bategura isosi (igicapo ca 4.4) – iminota 5

9. Erekana:

Picture J. Gusaba abavyeyi ngo basigure ivyo babona ku bicapo biri ku rupapuro rwa 35.

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10. Sigura:

Picture K. Shikiriza inyigisho nyamukuru ukoresheje impapuro za 34 na 35 z’igitabo


Picture L. Ukoreshe amungane ndondozi magufi yanditseko kugira ngo wiyibutse


Muzokenera ibikurikira:

o Imizi 4 canke 5 y‟imyumbati

o Amateke 4 y‟igitunguru sumu

o Isahani imwe y‟inyama

o Isahani y‟irengarenga

o Isahani 2 z‟imyungu

o Ibiyiko 4 vy‟amavuta

o N‟akamanyu k‟umunyu

Guteka umwumbati ukaba urawushira aho.

Mu gukora isosi:

o Gukekagura umwungu, irengarenga n‟inyama. Gukeka neza

igitunguru sumu.

o Gukaranga inyama n‟amavuta n‟igitunguru sumu bikekaguye. Kugaragura gushika aho inyama zihindura ibara.

o Kwongeramwo imyungu n‟amazi akwiye kugira bibe isosi.

o Kubiteka gushika aho umwungu usha. Biri mu gusha,

kwongeramwo irengarenga n‟umunyu. Kubiteka gushika aho irengarenga zisha.

Kurenza iyo sosi kuri ya myumbati.


Ingene bategura isosi y’imyumbati

Ubu buryo bugizwe n‟ubwoko bw‟imifungurwa uko ari zine twize mu gitabu ca 2 ku cigwa ca 2 nyene. Ibifungurwa ntanganguvu (inyumbati n‟amavuta); Ibifungurwa ndemamubiri (inyama); hamwe n‟ibifungurwa bikingira umubiri

(imyungu n‟irengarenga). Ingaburo iri mu bifungurwa (inyama zirimwo fer nyinshi, irengarenga nazo

nyene); inyama zirimwo protein nyinshi; imyungu nayo irimwo vitamine A. Imyumbati, inyama, umunyu n‟igitunguru sumu bifasha umwana kugira

amagara meza mu cigwa cakozwe ku bituma haba ugufungura nabi.

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11. Igikorwa: Imyumbati n’isosi – iminota 30

Kuzana ibintu bikurikira:

Picture M. Ibikoresho vyo gutegura imyumbati n’isosi biri ku gicapo ca 4.4 c’igitabu ndemeshabikorwa.

Picture N. Inkono zo gutekamwo n’inkwi canke amakara hamwe n’ikibiriti.

Picture O. Saba umupfasoni umwe umwe wese azane akombo ko kugaburiramwo imfungurwa.

1. Kwigisha intambwe yose y’ugutegura.

2. Bikenewe, tangurira ku ntambwe yo guteka imbere yo gutangura icigwa kugira inyigisho irangire imfungurwa zibe ziri aho.

3. Kwishura ibibazo uko bikenerwa.


? None ibi vyiyumviro muvyiyumvirako iki? Mbega hoba hariho ibintu vyoshobora kukubuza gukurikiza ingendo duhejeje kuyagako uyu munsi?

Saba abo bavyeyi bayagishe umugore yicaye i ruhande yabo. Ni bavugane nawe amakenga yabo yose boba bafise ku cigwa. Bari hamwe bakwiye kugerageza

gutora umuti w’ayo makenga n’izo ngorane. Imitota itanu iheze, uce usaba abavyeyi ba Tubaramure bashikirize ivyo bayazeko.


Bafashe kuronka umuti w’amadidane yabo. Ni haba hari umugore yishuye neza

impungenge z’uwundi mugore, ni umushimire kandi uhimirize abandi bagore ngo bazirikane umuti yashikirije.

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14. Kwimenyereza no kumenyereza ─ iminota

20

1. Saba abavyeyi ba Tubaramure gushikiriza abandi inyigisho baronkejwe uyu

musi bakoresheje impapuro zibiri za mbere z’iki cigwa zo mu gitabo c’amasanamu Mfashanyigisho. Bakwiye kubwira uwundi mugore ari mu

mugwi Tubaramure bakoresheje bwa buhinga bwo kwigisha.

2. Bwira abo bavyeyi ba Tubaramure bumviriza izo nyigisho ko borondera ikintu batemera mu vyo bigishijwe; imvo imwe ituma babona ko iyo nyigisho yoba

igoye kuri bo.

3. Abo bavyeyi ba Tubaramure bashikiriza izo nyigisho bakwiye kugerageza


4. Iminota cumi iheze, usabe abo bagore kuguza ibibanza. Uwo wundi Muvyeyi Tubaramure nawe azoca atanga inyigisho ziri mu mpapuro zibiri z’iki cigwa

zikurikira zo mu Gitabo c’amasanamu mfashanyigisho.


Tubaramure vyagoye.

6. Bose bahejeje, ace yishura ibibazo abo bavyeyi boba bafise ku bijanye n’ibikoresho, canke n’icigwa c’uyu mus

ivyankenerwa mu bijanye n’ugufungura, isuku, n’ibindi...

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