jin wu 1, neill prohaska 1, kenia t. wiedemann 1,2, loren p. albert 1, alfredo r. huete 3*, and...
TRANSCRIPT
Jin Wu1, Neill Prohaska1, Kenia T. Wiedemann1,2, Loren P. Albert1, Alfredo R. Huete3*, and Scott R. Saleska1*
Observing canopy demography of a tropical moist forest with spectral unmixing of
hyperspectral images: a model of HyspIRI science application
Email Contact: [email protected] or [email protected]
(1: Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona; 2: School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University; 3: Plant Functional Biology & Climate
Change Cluster, University of Technology Sydney)
*: Corresponding Authors
Outline of the Talk
1: Motivation—leaf demography matters ecological processes of forest systems
2: Methodology—remote sensing perspective of demography
3: Case study from a tower mounted hyperspectral vegetation imaging system in a tropical moist forest system
4: Inference to HyspIRI study
MotivationPhotosynthesis is one of the most important features that define
environment-vegetation interaction
O2 CO2, H2O
Motivation
O2 CO2, H2O
Both environments and phenology are important controls on plant photosynthesis; Phenology includes Seasonality of LAI and Demography
Soil Moisture
Nutrients
Environments
Leaf Area Index
Canopy leaf average physiology
Phenology
Motivation
Soil Moisture
Nutrients
Leaf Area Index
CO2, H2O, O2
Canopy leaf average physiology
Environments Phenology
Both environments and phenology are important controls on plant photosynthesis; Phenology includes Seasonality of LAI and Demography
Motivation
Photosynthesis and Photosynthesis Seasonality
Soil Moisture
Nutrients
Leaf Area Index
CO2, H2O, O2
Canopy leaf average physiology
Environments Phenology
Both environments and phenology are important controls on plant photosynthesis; Phenology includes Seasonality of LAI and Demography
Motivation (cont..)Deciduous Forests & Evergreen Tropical Forests
Deciduous Broadleaf Forest, Takayama, Japan
Muraoka et al. 2010. J Plant Research
Motivation (cont..)Deciduous Forests & Evergreen Tropical Forests
Deciduous Broadleaf Forest, Takayama, Japan
Muraoka et al. 2010. J Plant Research
Albert & Wu. 1-m Branch Sample from Uxi Lista, 08/24/2012.
Y YM M O0
40
80
120
Vcm
ax (u
mol
/m2/
s)
Albert et al. In Preparation
Leaf Age
Tapajos National Primary Forest, Para, Brazil
Motivation (cont..)Deciduous Forests & Evergreen Tropical Forests
Deciduous Broadleaf Forest, Takayama, Japan
Muraoka et al. 2010. J Plant Research
Albert & Wu. 1-m Branch Sample from Uxi Lista, 08/24/2012.
Y YM M O0
40
80
120
Vcm
ax (u
mol
/m2/
s)
Albert et al. In Preparation
Leaf Age
Tapajos National Primary Forest, Para, Brazil
Leaf amount seasonality and demography seasonality are both important to tropical photosynthesis processes
Model perspective of tropical photosynthesis seasonality
ED: Ecosystem Demographic Model
Restrepo-Coupe et al. (In Review)
IBIS: the Integrated Biosphere Simulator
CLM: the NCAR Community Land Model
JULES: the joint UK Land Environment Simulator
Motivation (cont..)
Key Mechanisms are missing in the models
Model perspective of tropical photosynthesis seasonality
ED: Ecosystem Demographic Model
Restrepo-Coupe et al. (In Review)
IBIS: the Integrated Biosphere Simulator
CLM: the NCAR Community Land Model
JULES: the joint UK Land Environment Simulator
Motivation (cont..)
Key Mechanisms are missing in the models
Albert & Wu. 1-m Branch Sample from Uxi Lista, 08/24/2012.
(1) Leaf demography is an important component of leaf phenology;(2) Leaf demography is especially important for tropical forest photosynthesis processes; (3) currently, there is still lacking study on tropical demography
Methodology: Leaf demography
Field methods(1) leaf level—tagging leaves and revisiting; (2) canopy level—regular harvesting branch sample and conducting demographic survey
Remote sensing methodsSeasonal RGB Images of a deciduous forest (Bartlett Forest, USA) in 2008
Richardson. 2010. Dublin Land Product Validation Subgroup.
How about evergreen tropical forests?
Case Study: TNF-KM67, Para, Brazil
mon
ths
10
0
-10
-20
-50-60-70-80
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
TNF-KM67
Monthly Precipitation (TRMM) <100 mm
Study Site: Tapajos National Primary Forest, KM67 site (TNF-KM67), Para, Brazil
B. RGB Image
A. SOC Camera C. SOC Composited Image
Key parameters:* Spectral resolution: 4nm, 128 bands from 385nm to 1050 nm* Field of view: 36×27 degree* Temporal resolution: image/10 minutes, July-December, 2012
Tree #/Name
Nome Científico Família
Tr# 9 Erisma uncinatum Warm. Vochysiaceae
Tr# 11 Ocotea sp. Lauraceae
Tr# 118 Tachigali eriopetala (Ducke) L.G.Silva &
H.C.Lima
Leguminosae-Caesalp.
Tr# 500 Manilkara huberi (Ducke) A.Chev.
Sapotaceae
Tr# 504 Coussarea paniculata (Vahl) Standl. Rubiaceae
Sap Flow Tree
Chamaecrista scleroxylon (Ducke) H.S.Irwin & Barneby
Leguminosae-Caesalp.
2012 Fall Phenology Campaign (Saleska Lab, UofA)
* 6 focal trees+14 understory trees were selected; * samples were collected in the early, middle, and late of dry season (Mid-Aug to Early-Dec)
Case Study (cont..)
Case Study (cont..)
Bud scars Young Leaves Old Leaves
• Collected one meter branches multiple times throughout the dry season.
• Branches from sun and shade microenvironments within the trees.
• Counted young, mature and old leaves on sampled branches.
Leaf demography survey
Ecosystem Level Leaf Demography
Case Study (cont..)
Ecosystem Level Leaf Demography
Inference to HyspIRI Study
AcknowledgmentsSensor Calibration and Discussion William van Leeuwen (UofA)Nikolaus Anderson (UofA)Stuart Biggar (UofA)David J. Moore (UofA)Joost van Haren (UofA)
Field Work & Help Cecilia Chavana-Bryant (Oxford U)Mick Eltringham (UK)Kleber Silva Campos (UFOPA)Marielle Smith (UofA)Ty Taylor (UofA)Scott Stark (MSU)
Brad Christofferson (Uof Edinburgh)
Rodrigo da Silva (UFOPA)Raimundo Cosme Oliveiera (UFOPA)Steve Bissell (US)
FundingAmazon-PIRENANA Terrestrial Ecology Program
Photo Credit: Neill Prohaska