w -

"True to his chat ge he comes, the Herald of a noisy world; Kewsfiom all nations lumb'ring at his back "

New Series- - NO. 16. VOL. V. LEXINGTON, K. FItlDAY, APRIL 16, 1819. VOL. XXXIII.

published EVinr rniDAT morning,

BY JOSHUA NORVEIX &J CO.

List of LettersREMAINING in the Post Office at Lexing.

1st day of April, 1819, which,is not taken out before the expiration of threemonths, will be sent to the General Post Of-

fice as dead letters.A --

Armstrong William Anderson HenryAllen Davis , AcufFJohnAllen James 2 Averill I'ranklinAtkinson Hester Adarus ThomasArmstrong Davis Anderson 'WilliamAskihs Berrytaan Asheley EdwardAntrim William 2 Alleng ClaudiusAnderson Elizabeth Armstrong SallyAdkins Thomas 2 Ames SamuelAlexander John Aughey tus J ohnAshurst Robert Anderson Col.

Bdetthelemy Jacquis Bidwell Chester 2Benyman Gilson Beeler William 2Bruen Joseph Brownlee HughBrehm Philip BloomfieUl Mr.Bradley Terry Brewer JacobBeck Mary Bowler SallyBoone William Bodne GeorgeBooth William. Burnett AndrewBolerJohn Barker DanielBrooks Benjamin Baines WilliamHarnett Marquis Baxter JamesBacon Limon 2 Bucll WilliamBledsoe Simeon 2 Bucklev SamuelBenning Perkins Bowlin TanncyBoone Samuel Bullocli ThomasBoner William 2 Burger JohnBenlocte Gray Bow lin WilliamBeddow John B. Baldwin IlobertBuckner Elizabeth Bloornfield G. B.Buclcner Henry Brown WilliamBruff James Bugan DanielBowler John T. Bascom II. B.Bedine Isaac Bane MariaBuford Abraham, Jr. BoWKrarefctaizabetb.Uush John BerryJaneBlacfc Alexander Busbey JamesBradley Ann

CCarsone James Crane- - Gerard 4Circuit James Clark JolinCatlettlleuben Caliill MaryCrocket Newbold Caldwell JohnClarke George W. Childres LindseyCox John A. Cotnpstock BrownCarr Dabney Chambers HobertCleveland George Chambers TbomasCooke J B. ' 2 Coons HenryChamberlaine Thomas Cropper ThomasChile Cornelius Conner WilliamChambers Maxwell Conner HarrisonClair Jacob Crumbrough JohnCollins William 2 Calvin PeheCunningham Isaac Cook ValeptineChristman Jdseph 5, Christian AndrewCannon Burton Campbell WilliamCouchman Malchia Curtis Geoi"ge B.Cooke Stephen Campbell JamesClark Enoch Coverdale JacobCassell Abraham Campbell IsaacCosby F.liza, J Clark JamesClarke William Carson ElizaCooke Catherine Cotman DavidCasmon Zacheriah Clark CatherineCampbell Alexander Carter RobeitChowning Mildred Christian ThomasCrockett Robert Close Henry 3Cahill William Christian J ohnCranmer Jonathan Clemson A.B.Chmn Sarah

DDudley William Duvall SarahDisbman John 2 Dumas Mildred 2Dill Philemon Davis GarrardDishman William Davenport Wm.Daraby George'W. Dickinson Thomas I.Duvall Thomas Dilworth ChristopherDudley Ilobert G. 3 Denney JohnDowney Robert Darell PeterDavis Mary or James Daley WilliamDunbar George T. Ddmerest SamuelDavenport A. 2 Davis WilliamDesporte Monsieur Davis JohnDolUns Willis H. Duncan Win.

EEvans Samuel Edward Mr.Elmore James Erwin JaneEastin Parthana 2 Elliott JamesElliott Mr. Edgars WilliamElliott Benj. T. 'Edmonds JacibEllis Littlebury EavisJohnS. '

Ellison WilliamF

Tishback Saml. D. 3 Ferguson Geo. C.

Fielding Thomas' S. Foley ElijahTife Thomas 3 Faulconer JosephECrgUson Thomas Fisher ClementTuller Amassa Fauchier John J.Frazer Robert Fielding JohnFord William Feeney RobertFrost Ichabod Frothnighdm CharlesFerguson Mary Tovvler SamuelFry Matilda 2 Finley JohnFear William 2 Finch Edward 3Ford Benj. Fisher James 2

' GCardner Nathan Gardner Trancis oGregg James ' Gird EdwinGivins Thonlas ' Goodwin Joseph G.

Gray M6ses Grimes Charles H. 2Garnett Lewis Gowen GilbertGiven Dixon Grand W. W. 2Gray George 2 Gray RichardGregory John Gowans WalterGregory Peter Greenwood John F..Graham Christopher 'Gray JohnGarrison James Guilliam ThomasGatewood Larkin 2 George John G.

Cibbert Saml. II. Grant Da idII

Harris W. or Grady W.llaman ThomasHorh John E. Hannah AVilliam"Hawkins Cleon II. Hamilton JohnHaydonJohnW. Holden Richd C. 2HouselJacob 2 Hailey ElizabethIligbee Peter 3 Hurst JohnHodges Galden Hollembeack Harry C

Head James Hunt ColleyHiggins William Hawkins MarkHetsmanMatthias Harris RebeccaHanley John Hopkinson MissHartley-Benjami- n 2 Huston RoLertHollembeck Jacob Hill JohnHarns Thomas Harrison Sophia W.Harper Jno or Michaelllarper SmithHall William How ell James f.Hall Reuben Holsey John -

Henceley Nancy Holls Jacobllcndroii PatnLk 9 Ifcii is BenjaminHanback llliain 2 llogun lewisHarrison Cvntluan Hammond MoultonHurst Jam . 2 Hani jn V .lliam

Harrison Ned Hannah WilliamHollymau Thomas Heisman George 2Harrison George W. Ilathorn DavidHardesty David 2 Hamilton JamesHammon Jesse 2 Hicks Wm.Herson G. Vintsowx Houghton ReubenHigbeeJohn Hanej JohnHunter James Hay s ThomasHedrick John Hulet NancyHubbard Sylas Haidy PatrickHvndman James Heran Capt.

I :JIngram Ira Johnson SimpsonJackson John Jones CatherineJinkins Lewis Johnson JohnJones Strephen Jones John 2JaquessG. F- - Jones FiancesJohnson Nelson C. 2 Jones Nelson It.Jeter Lienor January NancyJohnson Thomas P. Johnson Richd.. M.Jones Jane

KKemple Adam Kenney ?.fosesKeegan Patrick 2 Kclar JohnICerr David Kiug V. V. " 2Keene Susan Kelley Thomas O.Keiser Adam Kill AndrewKeeman Thomas Kirlcr Fraucey

LLorman John I.aird DavidLong Wm. 3 Lamson.TohnH.Loomis Luke 3 Lion and Lioness (theLaird Saml. ow ner of)Lees David or Jane Love GeorgeLowe John Lemon AndrewLancaster Robt. Lightner Wm.Lawson John 2Linthicum Thds.Leauba Mr. Loin IsaacLincoln Chas. W. . 2 Logan Ant.Lcavill James

MMillan Thomas Jr. Meeker Henry 3Miller Henry Myers JacobMiller John B. Milligan AVilliamMinter James Manuel Thos B.Matheny James Mitchell RichardMittemberger Geo. 2 Moore PleasantMartfn Rebecca 2 Markrum JohnM ego wan Joseph R. Malion Alex.Marshall Benjamin Moorehead CatliarineMorriss David Meek JamesMarsback Charles 2 Metcalf Elizabeth C.Moore John T. "Mahoon MordicaeMeredith William Martin WilliamAloore II B. Murphey JamesMillar Mary R. Melvin EbenezcrAladeira Jacob Martin John '

Muze David Mcrmond GeorgeMaddox Henry Meredith AlaryMoore Thomas Morgan SarahMarshall James L. Murrell JamesMoore John P. Moore JamesMehaffey Alexander 2 Meglbne MaryMoxley Sampson Mosley JudaMorrison .Nathaniel M)' r JoelMorrison AVilliam Masterson Moses

McM'Coyle Mary M'Meckin James ,M'Crosky Elijah M'Clean AndrewM'OallaJohn 2 M'Intire RaleighM'Connell W S. M'Farland SamueliM'Call James P. M'Guire EhzabethM'KinneyJolm M'Conathy JacobM'Kane James M'Dowell SabraeM'Donald Sidney M'Chesney SamuelM'Cutcheon W. II. M'Uobb Will. 2MTarlain John M'llroy Thomas ,

M'Kinsey James 3 M'Call JamesN ' -

Nicholls Fielding Newman DavidXeal Chailes ,Neal James

oOusley James Osborn Abijah

Palmateer Wm. Perkins EuiParks Alexander Patterson John'Pickett AVilliam Pulliam JamesPhelps Charles Pilcher BenjaminParkins Henry Price Evans 2Petty Ransd.de Pati ick!harlesPalmer Jane PeayjohnPearson Edmund B. Payne EdwardParker North Price JosephParr Noah Parker ElizaPreston Justus Petty JosephPatterson Samuel Pattersjn JosiahPrice Sally 2 Parker Robeit 3Presby Otis 4 Price MargaretPollock AVilliam I'ig-- LevisPairy Jacob ' Perry RebeccaPickett AVilliam Pecis Benjamin 0.Pleasants Ann C. Patterson JamesPaxson Joseph H. 2 Patterson John H.Poindexter William 2 Page AVilliamPearce AVilliam Porter EphraigmPuthuffJohn 3

QQnarles Tnnstall Quick Mr.Quick Isaac P. 2

Reese Jamas iticeDavil 3Ruddle Ralph Ray DavidRankin Saml. Rpse Robert II.Reed Thomas Ross S. S.Root Mr. Rutherford J.Robinson Mary Ann Reynolds JamesRucker Ambiose B. Ross AVilliamUice David Riley JosephRowan John Rcesc'EdulnRaney AA'illiam

'Robb Joseph

Ryley SamL B. Randall Brice C. .Rolhn Alex. Rogers JamesItussell Stephen B. Roberts John --

Uice John Roberts AA'ilham

Holier Jacob 2 Ray And.Robinson Moses Recruiting Officer

SSteele, DonclyS.SteeleSorrell John "

Smith "Will. 3 Sparks I homasSinclair John 2 Sippel Nathaniel 2Sparks E. Stephens 'l'honiasShockeJohn 3 Scott John 3Stedman Thds. 2 SpnAsv ell JohnSmith Hanfoid 3 Simpson GreenStewart Robert 2 Stoat JediahShephaid Dickey Stewart JohnStunglellow John Striohng Eias.nus 2Spilman Sjlvesler Saiuleis. lamesSteele Samuel Spc.usJ J . & II. ChrisSimmons Solomon manShaner Mary Shannon SusanStiveis Reuben Spiers 'SixainSuton Arthur Simmon JohnShears A nil un Spencer JohnSandford Eh?a Scruggs V ilhamStedman Ebenezer Shipp Diu!lc:y 3Stewart James 3 Smith Lev v

Simpson John 2 Stont Ezek.elStout Thomas II., Smith Jesse F.neuiar oeorHe oiiwim wiusuniutiScott AVilliam SMth yartiuelSwitzler Simeon. Sltfiaon.AsavSaudeis Julius Smith HarrietSavage and Pientiss Swigart JohnSmith John 2 Smith EliasSolaigrax D L. 5 tcphoi.s A x'X.--

Stephenson Thos. J. Saper John II.Spangler Mary Smith HannahSmith M. 3 Sheely Capt.Seargeant "Will. L. 4 Simpson JaneSteele James Spurr DanielSmith C. Stout IraSwitchler Michael Scott Thomas ,

Schooler Lucy 2 Stewart Ami D.Smith Matthew 3 Smith A. 2

TTheobald Gifssten True James . 2Thompson Lucy Tedman l'rancisTrue AVilliam Turner AVilliamThorn Samuel. Thorns BessyTaj lor Ehza Thompsqn GilbertTaylor Josephus Taul SamuelTrotter James G. Thompson RichardTurnbull James Tutt George II.Thompson John Tapp NelsonThomas Reuben Tunpey JacobThompson Ann Talbot HenryTweday Henry Taylor HubbardTurnham Joel Trimble JohnTaylor Reuben T.

UUrban Frederick

VArancc Catherine Vardeman JeremiahVaughan James Vcrble ElizabethArinsent James Vauehan SaraliTallandingham Geo, Varnum JohnVilliminot Paul A'ainnjuleArerriere-Monsieu- r

wAA'oodson Sc Hawkins AA'ardlow John-Webste-

AVilliam 3 AVyatt AA'alterWilson Andrew AA'ormsdoffJohnAVorthington John T. AA'illiam AVatsonAVdkins William 2 AVard David L. 2AA'arder AVilliam AVilliamson Alex.AVoodson Samuel 2 AVilcock AnthonyAVilliamson Alex. AA'alters BladenburyAA'ard AV. AVhite, James 3Wilson Braton G. AArright BenningAA'eav.er John 3 AVilson James 2AA'oodson Joseph Q, 2 Ayilson CatharineAVood Stephen AVilson AbnerAVilson Robert AVilson A J.AVilIiams Henson AVarner ElijahAA'orthington Rachel Whitney HoraceAVebb Edward C. AVqrley Elizabeth D.AA'orley Margaret P. AA'right AVilliamAValtz Frederick 2 AVilIiams RichardWhitcomb James AA'eaber Gdoi'ge A.AVilIiams James AA'all AA'illiam

'AVinn Mary , AVilson JonathanAVahue John AA'alls Mary,AnnAA'odd Edward AVeber HenryAA'right Mr. AA'hitmoger Fred.AVillett Martin F. AVren AVilliam. 2AA'right Jefferson AVilIiams MargaretAVebster AVUliam AVithrow Will.AA'eir Aaron AVhitqJohnAA inters Catharine AA'hing MaryAA'illiams Mary

yA'oung, Green & Co. Yates AbnerA'ates John A'oung LeonardA'oung AV- - S. A'amell IsaacClerk Tayette CivcuitHealth Committee

Coutt ' S

JOHN FOWLERS, P. M.April 1, 1819-15- -3t

n

N. B. Persons calling for letters advertisedwm jiicase mention u. J. I .

Xiist o1! lidivs,"OEMAINING in the Post-offic- e at A'er-it- tj

sailles, Ky. which is not taken "out withmthree months, will be sent to the Geneialpostoffice as dead letters :

AAA'alter Ayres, Martha M AllenRand'h. 'Adams Robert II. AnnisJohn S. Alexander Toby Armstrong

. 13.

Richard Bridgeford Doct. P. AV. Brown,lery. Buckly ii .Thomas J. ButordAA'm. B. Blackburn Buck & CottonLeonides AV. Baker George BlackburnThomas Bailey EUjotl BohannonAlexander Biooks T. A. BuchannonMr. Bond 2 Lewis BowdryThomas Benson ,., AA'ashington BainesRobert T.Bell J John L. Buck & Co.Richard Bivins Johnion BalhudJohn Boston Danl. BellRichard Bibb

C .

Samuel Claggett 2 Alexander C. CarlisleMartin Coons Eleanor CooperThomas Carrell Diif! ChadwellHenry Claggett Clerk of WoodfoidC CLewis Christopher AVm. H. Cosby 2James L, Crawford Col. A CombsCrockett Carlisle Thomas ColeminJacob Creath Richaid CosbyGeorge Carlisle Lai kin CarrThomas Church

rAVm Divis 2 AA'm. DickermanAbraham Dale

,

. ESamuel Evans Jesse EllisRevd. James Elliott Elizabeth EwellBenjamin Elkin James ElliottRobert M. Eubunk 2 AVm. Edgar

F '

Air. Ferfuson AA'illiam FlorenceJery. Tinch John FritzlinFridge &. Jlorris

GRobt GaVes Rebecca GolfGabl Gaines AVilham Green

Hujoutig feBohon 'Win HirrisThomas Hanner Sydiior Hanks"2Solomon lluflord 2 John Hannah & Co. 2William Haydon John llajdonJohn Hamilton

IElizabeth F. Jackson David L. Jackson

"Zacky Jones

KThos, Kcnnan Sally ICirtlySMi"!ear Kirtly Allen KiddSamuel linuckold Hezekiah Kecton

L.Jolm H Lee L LindsevR. & AVv B. Long James Latty

M.Marshall M'Clwiahsa CMargarct McDowellJames Msss A. R. Macev

lAud .Mona'ehfm Mav-0- Co 3 John M'Jirtlfieyoi.'tihn Mav - Enosii't'.hzibetli Alerridith Eiilah MiltonIsaau Mih--s Samuel MossSlepheii Aljers Thomas MortonJ. G. M'Kinnev' 2 , . Thomas B Alartin

NOJames Xorris . Geo. II. OlTutl

PJoseph Tatrici AAU'llam Pepper

Rsbecca G. Paxton Alvah PalmerThomas Philips Mi's.T I'arrishElijah Peper John ParkerJoseph Pace

KMaria P. Railey Robt. RamseyL F Rycker 2 Randolph RaileySaml. Ratikin James RevelLJacob Ryncr Geo. RobertsonLuicmda C. Reed AVm. AV. RightNeamiah Redden Amid RuckerAVm. Reace! Stephen RuddleJulia Renick

SAVm. P. Smith Elizabeth ShinJohn Shepherd Gavin SteelBenjamin O.Smith Robt StevensonJohn II. Simm Richard ShipJohn Stanford Jphn SingletonJohn II. Smith Joseph SmithJames Suters Col. William SteelElizabeth Stevenson Robeit SheltonAVm. Stewart MissA. Sullivan

THulseman Triplctt AnthonyThompsonAbm. Todd Sally Turner'Sirl.ii.A. nr:u: n.juci iuiiiiid.ui viiiiaiu i .iiilMr. Tesbett Richard Thompson

U VFrancis Uterback Henry A'arvoll

Elizabeth AVjlliam? Ann AVallaceJane AA'atkins" Austin F. AValdenBenjamin AVilson Edson WatersThomas Winn jr. Kendall AVebbJames AVright Zephaniah AA'aldenJohn AA'illiams 2 Barzilla WrightJohn AV. AYaring Stephen D. AVinn

YJohn Young Thomas A'oung

JOS IV. JUIYSOJV, D. P. M.A'ersvilles, April 7, 1819 3t

JlTTOIiMEr AT LAW,T"H"AS removed his Office from Main-stree- t,

JO. ta his residence on Limestone-stree- twhere he may be sound by those persons having business to transact with him.

April 7, 1819 15--

cra.ouiiA.-R.- .

BLUE SpniNOS, SCOTT COUNTr, KV

To the Electors of the Third Congressional District oj Kentucky.

Fellow-Citize- n s The 4th of Marchdissolved the political relation which liassubsisted betwixt us for the space oftwelve years, and I now occupy the de- -

siraole station" ot a private citizen. Intaking leave of those to whom 'I wasmost indebted for my political elevation,.I am Uesirous of giving additional evi-

dence of that gratitude, which the" re-

collection of past savors can never sailto inspire, by presenting such subjectsto yomveonsideration as are intimatelyconnected with your prosperity.

The resources of this nation are am-ple, and the prospect of suture great-ness, arising from a contemplation of thepast compared with the present, furnish-es the bosom of the philanthropist andthe patriot, with subjects of high felici-tation. But in a popular government alldepends upon the people. Nations, like

Lindividua'lS) may be rich and powerful,and yet not hapnj. Much depends up-on the administration of the government;but the power of the government eman-ates from the people, and Us course mustbe directed by popular sentiment. Onthe virtues of the people, dependthe pevmanency of the government, the pros- -

perky of the nation and the happiness ofthe community. Public institutions mayfurnish facilities and multiply the meansof perpetuating and improving the mor-al and political advantages which wq enjoy; but when evils threaten, or abusesexist, the people alone can apply theremedy, and to them we must look fora pciseverance in that rpuise whichwill insure success. The pride of rulersmav prove a sufficient inducement to national aggrandizement ; but wealth andsame will be a poor lemuneration lorthe loss of personal libcity and individu- -

al'happincss. The tie which unites thepeople to the govcrnmentof their choice,must be indissoluble, and their inllu- -

ence upon each other in some degreereciprocal ; yet the government shouldalways be morcdependent upon the peo-ple than the people upon the government, and this will ever be fhc casewhile patriotism predominates over thevenal passions of the heart, and whilevirtue and intelligence prevail amongthe great mass ot the community, limis the people are ignorant, the publiciunclionariGS may deceive them ; or illost to virtue, they may corrupt them,and when their lights arc bartolcd forwealth'or indolence, they can never beiccltiimcu without violence.

To the honor of human attire, thehistorian will record many acts of hsin-tercete- d

patriotism in tK6 public func-tionaries qf this infant "Vepublic mem-orable examples aicontinually beforeU3; yet, the histoyy of the vvorltfassUresus. that governments are more caposedto corrupt n thin the people. Ave e.IjU pub,iie agents to watch over and

public Concents, and it is theiry, so long as hojipreu witntnegagted

trust, to nerlorm their lVart with visrilance and fidelity, as public sentinels attheir posts, While we enjoy repose. Hutnothing can dissolve the obligation onour part to know that they prove failh--fu- l

to their trust, Where shall we look.f(jr virtue, is it once desert the sharles.of retirement ? In vain will it then besought for in our public councils, or inthe palaces of the great. Hut while thepeople prove true to theirr-ches-, their

liberties will remairtsecure, and the rising glory of the nation unsullied.

Among the many duties which tievolye upon the commnnity, that of cdueating tne youth is ot primary impor-tance. It is the interest of despots torender the people dependent Upon thegovernment, and to effect their object,it is deemed politic with them, so toobstruct the rays of knowledge, as thatus light shall be but very partially

But the genius of our government dictates an opposite policy. Wherethe strength and resources of the nationare at the command of the people, andeveiy act of" the government is subjectto their control, a general diffusion ofKijuwiuuge is essential to tne preservation ot our liucrties, and none but ty-

rants will dread its influence. Learning,while it expands the intellect, tcachincrboth how to preserve and how to enjoyour ngius, is likewise the tnend ol virtue. It naturally tends to soften the serocious passion of the heart and to inspire the soul with sentiments of honorand refinement. When banished fromthe continental Europe, baibarism, superstitution and slavery succeeded, brinEr- -ihgjin their train every misery that asflicted humanity could endure. Education has produced the difference whichexists between the savages and ourselvesana it mis snail tie neglected, our posterity will "be fitted only for instrumentsol cruelty and victims ol oppression.-I he Koman empire was once, in somedegree, what Ameiica now is, and without a sacred regard to the instruction ofour youth, America may one day bewhat Rome now is. That enlargementot soul av Inch is produced by advance-ment in such knowledge as is most beneficial to mankind will ever conduce topatriotism and valor, and past experiencc justifies the conclusion, that a freeand enlightened yeomanry will' nevertail to .maintain their country s rightsand redress her wrongs. But the education of youth must rest principally up-on their parents and guardians. Government can do 'little more than to asford facilities, by reasonable endowmentsot literary institutions and by such general provisions a3 may come within itslegitimate powers ; but parents whoconsult the suture happiness of their off-

spring, will leave them the richest lega-cy in a good education.

There is interwoven in. the nature ofman, a strong pronensitv to luxury andextravagance, and as thes'&are indulgedny individuals, tney win ue lostereu inthe government. But no practice canbe introduced which will be more ir-

resistible in its progress, or more cer-tain in its demoralizing and destuictivcinfluence, than that of luxury. It ope-rates like a,secret, yet deadly poison upon the body politic. Luxury, the companion ot extravagance, produces a sel-fishness of sentiment, which subverts thepatriotic energies of the soul, and inevitably results in'those distinctions m society, tliat degrade themind of one class of the community,while they prepare the other for lordlydomination. As individuals increase inwealth, these propensities icquire a con-tinual guard ; far as the spirit of the

is deiived from that of thepeople, and will more icadily imbibethat which promotes distinctions thanwhat tends to cquall'.y, so it is a dutywinch every citizen owes to society, togovernmcnt.-ar1c- l to Heaven, to encour-age by !):! example and influence, industry, temperance and frugality. To preServe our liberties from all encroachments both of foreign despots and domestic usurpers, and to transmit themunimpaired to posterity, is the grand object of all oul public institutions ; and togive ethcacy to them, we must carefulIy guard against the ve"iy vices whichwill most corrupt them. There is lessdanger to be apprehended from all other causes taken together, than fiom therapid growth ol luxury and extra; atrance,We have demonstrated to the woild, anability to maintain our free institutions,against the machinations ot internal cnemivs and the power ot foreign invaders,antt there is now little to be leared, fromnn Alexander, a CatalifiC) or a CesarThe world combined cannot subdue a

people, whose souls aro formed by principle auu nauit. ipivnucrty. nut the dan-ger lies in our oWii own bosoms, and we'love more cause Hofear in ourselvesthat immoderate passion for indulgence,man a nest ot intriguers, or a world inarms. ' Luxury ''subdued the spirit ofGieecc and'Rome, when no hostile Ic- -

g;ons cduld shake their safety, and bygradually enervating both the body andthe mind eventually destroyed their in-

dependence. It is our interest to profitby their example and carefully guard

the indulgence, before we aresunk into that miserable - effeminacywhich ends in slavery

Intimately' connected with the princi-ple of individual frugality, is that of

The strength and hap-piness of a nation depends as much up-on economy, in ajl the measures of go-

vernment, as the prosperity of familiesin their domestic arrangements. In themanagement of public affairs economyis a primary virtue. A republic is onegreat family, snd ir the revenue tf the

nation, we have all a common interest.Public agents are entrusted with its ap-plication for the common benefit, and itis no less the duty of the citizens to re-

quire fidelity of them in the dischargeof this important 'trust, than it is theirduty to make the disbuiscment with asacred regard to justice and propriety.But we should caiefully discriminate xt

economy and parsimony. Theone strengthens the nation, by enlistingthe affections of the" citizens ; the otherforgets the demands of justice, alienatesthe hearts of the people from the go-vernment and produces an evil not muchless to be dreaded than than that of need-less profusion. Aster defraying the cur-rent expenses of government, the re-mainder of the revenue should be appro-priated to objects most intimately con-nected with the security and happiness ofthe commonwealth. It is impossibleto remunerate every patriotic sacrificemade to the country, and it is the dutyof the government to make that discrim-ination which is dictated by wisdom andjustice. The soldier endures the fatigueof the campaign and braves the dangerof the field, in expectation of no other re-

ward than the gratitude of his countryand the enjoyment of those rights whichhis valor contributes to maintain. Butwhen the sate of war deprives him ofthese, by bringing him to an untimelygrave, or by disabling him from procur-ing a competency by honest industry,the claims of his surviving widow andorphans, or of the decrepid war-wor-n

veteran upon his country's bounty, aresounded in righteousness. In such ca-ses the munificence of the governmentis also dictated by sound policy. It wilinvigorate the arm of-val- by assur-ing the soldier, while marching to thedcfenceofhiscountry'srights,thatshouldit be his lot to consecrate those rightswith his blood, the bounteous hand of hisgovernment will ije open to the suturewants of his surviv ing companion and off-spring. This reflectiqn will redoublehis ardor, and in the hour of danger, vyilldjsarm even death of its terrors. His ri-

sing progeny, in the fond recollectionthat their country's munificence has sup-plied their wants during the helplessstate of childhood, will naturally becomeunited to the government in ties of ever-lasting affection. The memorable dis-

plays of patriotic ardor, which defied alldangers, both in the war of the revolu-tion and in the late war, shew the im-portance of fanning this sacred flame,and it is confidently believed, that provi-sion in such cases, within .the bounds ofmoderation, consists with the most ri-

gid economy. The prosperity, of a nation and the happiness of its citizens, de-

pend much upon the state of the publicfinances. A government groaning un-der a heavy public debt, must inevitably levy upon the community enormouspublic taxes, extorting from the hand ofindustry its honest gains. In this res-pect no nation in existence is so highlysavored as our own. When the main-tenance of our independence called foran appeal to arms, we counted the costand prefered the alternative. When thatwar not only increased ouv expenditures,but dried up the ordinary sources of revenue, the resort to internal taxation wasindespensible, and it was met with cheerfulness. The return of peace lest us ina state to resume our intercourse withthe world, and in a little time our treasury-bega-

n to be replenished from itslui-me- source. io sooner was tne exi-gency past, and the state of our finan-ces sufficiently settled to iuttify the measure, than all internal taxes were discontinued, and we are now in a prosperousstate,' without the payment of any taxeswhatever, except on the consumption offoreign merchandize. The principal re- -kenue of this nation now arises, 'from duties paid o:i "articles ot foreign, growthand manufacture imported into the coun-try, and the sales of public lands. Theamoiuit derived from the first of these isdrarin principally from the wealthy, inproportion to their extravagance in theirconsumptiontof foreign luxuries. Hutsew of the necessaries of life are imported,-an- on those sew the duties aresmall. The principal part of our re-

venue ptocceds from an indirect tax upon luxury. That part which is derivedfrom the sales ot public lands, beingpaid exclusively by those who becometheir pioprietors, is at once replenishingthe treasury and promoting improve- -ment in the culture of the soil, whereinthe real wealth of a nation consists. Theannual revenue of the P. States, exclusive of expences of collection, amounts,upon an average, to about twenty-thre- e

millions of dollars. The anpual expir-ees of the government, including everybranch, civil, military and navaL, embracing pensions of every description andevery species of expenditure amount,upon an average, to ab.out thiiteen mil-lions of dollars, leaving a balance of

ten millions, annually towards pay-ing the principal and interest oi the na-tional debt. The whole amount of thenational debym the first day of JanuaryUst, embraclpg the debts pf the revolu-tion and those of the late war, was aboutninety-tw- o millions ofdollais. Thereis a standing appropriation of tenljnil- -Iions or dollars annually, besides thsSBUr--