lake water quality program components

2017 Lake System

Health Water Quality

Monitoring Program

Year End Report

January 2018

Prepared by

The District Municipality of Muskoka

Planning and Economic Development

Department

With Technical Support from the

Dorset Environmental Science Centre,

Ministry of the Environment and Climate Change

2017 Lake System Health Water Quality Monitoring Program

Year End Report

2

Table of Contents

Introduction ........................................................................................................................................................ 4

Muskoka Water Strategy .................................................................................................................................. 4

Lake System Health ........................................................................................................................................... 4

Summary of Lake System Health Monitoring Activities .............................................................................. 5

Partners ................................................................................................................................................................ 6

1) Program Partners ................................................................................................................................. 6

2) Volunteer Participants ........................................................................................................................ 6

Monitoring Staff.................................................................................................................................................. 7

Lake System Health Monitoring Program Components ............................................................................ 8

1) Spring phosphorus sampling and other chemical parameters ................................................ 12

a) Sampling method ..................................................................................................................... 12

b) Spring phosphorus results ......................................................................................................... 12

c) Other chemical parameters ................................................................................................... 13

2) Secchi depth measurements .......................................................................................................... 15


b) Secchi depth measurement results ....................................................................................... 15

3) Temperature and dissolved oxygen measurements .................................................................. 18


b) Temperature and dissolved oxygen measurement results ............................................... 18

4) Shoreline land use surveys ............................................................................................................... 22

a) Survey method .......................................................................................................................... 22

b) Shoreline land use survey results ............................................................................................ 22

5) Love Your Lake Program .................................................................................................................. 24

a) Survey method .......................................................................................................................... 24

b) Shoreline Renaturalization Program ...................................................................................... 24

6) Biological Monitoring Program........................................................................................................ 25

a) Benthic macro-invertebrate sampling method .................................................................. 25

b) Benthic macro-invertebrate sampling results ...................................................................... 25

c) Education programs ................................................................................................................. 25

7) Invasive Species Outreach Program ............................................................................................. 27

Planning Policy ................................................................................................................................................. 27

1) Water Quality Model Review .......................................................................................................... 27


Year End Report

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APPENDICES

APPENDIX 1: 2017 phosphorus sampling and Secchi depth measurement results ............................ 28

APPENDIX 2: Trophic state of lakes .............................................................................................................. 29

APPENDIX 3: 2017 Lake Survey Deck Sheet ................................................................................................ 30

APPENDIX 4: Lakes with completed shoreline land use surveys ............................................................. 31

APPENDIX 5: Table of 2017 chemical data for select parameters ........................................................ 33


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Introduction

With its extensive forests, its 8,000 waterbodies, and more than 13,500 kilometres of rugged

shoreline, Muskoka attracts almost two million visitors each year. Muskoka is a world-class tourist

destination with a large component of the population being seasonal residents with cottages on

its many lakes and rivers.

Continued prosperity in Muskoka depends upon maintaining the natural environment and

clean, healthy water that draws people here. For this reason, The District Municipality of Muskoka

(DMM) has an interest in the water quality of all the lakes and rivers within its jurisdiction.

In conjunction with the Ministry of the Environment and Climate Change (MOECC), Muskoka has

undertaken a water quality monitoring program since 1980. In total, 193 sites on 164 lakes are

monitored on a rotational basis. These data are collected to support development policy and

represent one of the best and longest-standing municipal water quality data sets in Canada.

Muskoka Water Strategy

In January 2003, DMM expanded its recreational water quality program and developed the

Muskoka Water Strategy. The Strategy is a framework of integrated and strategic initiatives to

protect Muskoka’s water resources. Muskoka spearheads the Strategy with the support of the

Muskoka Watershed Council and with involvement from a wide variety of organizations,

agencies and stakeholders.

The Strategy consists of four broad components:

1. Lake System Health, including lake and watershed monitoring, volunteer–based benthic

monitoring, and stewardship and outreach programs;

2. Communication and community involvement, including the Muskoka Water Web site

(www.muskokawaterweb.ca);

3. The Muskoka Watershed Council, which includes initiatives such as the Muskoka

Watershed Report Card and Best Practices program (www.muskokawatershed.org); and

4. Broader Water Initiatives, including affiliations with the Canadian Water Network and

several universities.

The Strategy emphasizes the development of relationships and the sharing of resources with

other organizations as well as strengthening community involvement. As the Strategy evolves, it

can address new water issues or concerns respecting Muskoka’s water resources and may

provide a structure for future water initiatives.

Lake System Health

Lake System Health is a broad approach to protecting waterbodies that includes recreational

water quality monitoring, enhanced development policy, and a strong stewardship program.

The goal of the Lake System Health Program is to protect lake ecosystems and the natural, social

and economic values they provide. Managing shoreline development without substantially

impacting the natural environment, habitat and trophic status of the waterbody or other

waterbodies within the same watershed is the initial and primary factor in achieving lake health

and sustainable development.

http://www.muskokawaterweb.ca/

http://www.muskokawatershed.org/


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Summary of Lake System Health Monitoring Activities

A key component of the Lake System Health Program is good water quality. Water quality has

been monitored by DMM in conjunction with MOECC for almost 40 years and has produced

very good long-term data records for many lakes across Muskoka.

The monitoring program is a field-based program that monitors 193 sites on 164 lakes on a

rotational basis. The purpose of the monitoring program is to establish a long-term record of key

water quality parameters so that trends in water quality and overall lake system health can be

identified and appropriate management decisions can be made to protect Muskoka’s

recreational lake water quality.

In collaboration with the Dorset Environmental Science Centre (DESC), Secchi depth (a measure

of clarity), calcium and phosphorus concentrations are taken as part of the Provincial Lake

Partner Program. DESC also tests for other parameters, such as pH, conductivity, alkalinity,

chloride, and nitrogen, so that a more complete understanding of lake chemistry can be

achieved. While in the field, the District’s Water Quality Technicians also collect dissolved oxygen

and temperature data.

In 2002, the District initiated a shoreline land use survey with sixty-nine lakes, bays and river

segments surveyed to date. These surveys document all built structures, the overall condition of

the shoreline and general land-use adjacent to the lake. This information is available to lake

associations, Area Municipalities and other interested parties for planning purposes.

In 2003 a Biological Monitoring Program was developed for lake associations interested in

becoming more involved in lake monitoring and broader lake planning. Each year, District

summer staff are available to train lake residents to undertake volunteer monitoring programs

that are based on standard protocols such as PlantWatch, FrogWatch, forest health and benthic

analysis. Ongoing support is provided to meet the needs of individual associations.

The objective of the biological monitoring program is to develop a network of monitoring

partners to collect a broad range of chemical and biological data, physical lake attributes and

shoreline development data that are in a useful form and can be made accessible to

individuals, associations, businesses and government agencies.

In 2013, Muskoka Watershed Council, with the assistance of DMM, started the Love Your Lake

shoreline assessment program, which is an action-oriented program that provides resources and

training to local organizations. The goal of Love Your Lake is to deliver engaging and effective

programs to help landowners protect and restore their shorelines. To date, 12 lakes and bays in

Muskoka have been assessed under the program.

In 2017, to help address the threat of invasive species on Muskoka’s ecosystems, MWC and DMM

secured a grant to retain an Invading Species “Hit Squad” member through the Ontario

Federation of Anglers and Hunters (OFAH)’s Invading Species Awareness Program. This seasonal

employee attended community events, conducted site visits and developed resources to raise

awareness of invasive species in Muskoka.

This report is a snapshot in time and contains a summary of the data collected during the 2017

monitoring season. Water quality parameters, such as phosphorus and dissolved oxygen, vary

throughout the year, as well as from year to year. In order to fully understand changes in

environmental quality on a particular lake, it is important to track the long-term trends for that

lake.


Year End Report

6

Data sheets for individual lakes that track change over time are available on the Muskoka Water

Web (www.muskokawaterweb.ca), by emailing [email protected], or by calling

(705) 645-2100 x387. The 2017 Lake System Health Water Quality Monitoring Program Data Report

contains data sheets for all the lakes monitored in 2017 and can be downloaded from the DMM

website at www.muskoka.on.ca. Refer to Figure 5 for an example of a 2017 Lake Data Sheet.

Partners

1) Program Partners

The District Municipality of Muskoka leads and is responsible for the Lake System Health Water

Quality Monitoring Program. Additional funding and extensive technical support is received

from the Water Monitoring Section of the Environmental Monitoring and Reporting Branch of

the Ministry of the Environment and Climate Change at the Dorset Environmental Science

Centre.

The District Municipality of Muskoka has entered into an agreement with the Township of

Seguin to monitor two additional sites on Lake Joseph and one on Lake Rosseau in order to

gain a complete picture of the water quality on these two lakes, which cross municipal

boundaries. Muskoka has also coordinated sampling in the Georgian Bay area with the

Severn Sound Environmental Association to avoid duplication of effort and to effectively

share resources.

Stewardship programs undertaken as part of the Lake System Health program, such as Love

Your Lake and Invasive Species Awareness, are done so in conjunction with the Muskoka

Watershed Council.

2) Volunteer Participants

The following associations and organizations participated in the 2017 Lake System Health

Program:

Ontario Stewardship Rangers

Bigwind Lake Cottagers’ Assoc.

Leonard Lake Stakeholders’ Assoc.

Menominee Lake Cottagers’ Assoc.

Chub Lake Property Owners’ Assoc.

Trillium Lakelands District School

Board

Patterson’s Bay Assoc.

South Muldrew Lake Community

Assoc.

Bella & Rebecca Lakes Cottagers’

Assoc.

South Muskoka Lake Community

Assoc.

Sunny Lake Cottagers’ &

Ratepayers’ Assoc.

Ada Lake Resident

Tawingo College

Montessori School of Huntsville

Loon & Turtle Lake Cottage Assoc.

Ril Lake Assoc.

Mary Lake Assoc.

Dickie Lake Assoc.

Buck Lake Assoc.

Peninsula Lake Assoc.

Walker & Pell Lakes Assoc.

Lake of Bays Association

Muskoka Family Focus

Fox Lake Assoc.

Otter Lake Assoc.

Lake Vernon Assoc.

Brandy Lake Assoc.

Three Mile Lake Assoc.

Muskoka Discovery Centre


mailto:[email protected]

http://www.muskoka.on.ca/


Year End Report

7

Bay Lake Property Owners’ Assoc.

Haliburton-Muskoka-Kawartha

Children’s Water Festival

Stewart Lake Association

Wood Lake Cottagers’ Assoc.

Simcoe Muskoka District Health Unit

Monitoring Staff

Under the direction of the Director of Environmental and Watershed Programs, two post-

secondary students were hired as Water Quality Technicians for a four-month contract,

beginning in May and ending in August.

The Water Quality Technicians collected water samples for phosphorus testing and analysis of

base chemical parameters, measured Secchi depths, and recorded temperature and dissolved

oxygen concentrations. The technicians also conducted shoreline land use surveys, and assisted

with collecting benthic data.

A Biological Monitoring Technician was hired for a four-month contract beginning in May and

ending in August. Activities undertaken by this staff member included:

Providing volunteer training, primarily on benthic and terrestrial monitoring protocols.

Providing ongoing support and technical information to volunteers and associations

during the monitoring season.

Bringing the data together and developing a reporting structure for individuals and

associations.

With funding from Service Canada and the Canadian Wildlife Federation, two Shoreline

Assessment Technicians were hired through Muskoka Watershed Council for eight weeks to

conduct shoreline assessments as part of the Muskoka Love Your Lake Program.

Service Canada also provided funding to the OFAH’s Invading Species Awareness Program to

hire an Invasive Species Intern for seven weeks through the Muskoka Watershed Council. This

staff member attended community events and conducted site visits to increase the awareness,

identification and reporting of invasive species in Muskoka.

The Watershed Planning Technician is responsible for supervising summer students, managing the

monitoring data, and developing watershed and lake specific data reports for public

distribution.


Year End Report

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Lake System Health Monitoring Program Components

The fieldwork for the 2017 Lake System Health Water Quality Monitoring Program began in May

and concluded in August. Components of the program included:

Spring phosphorus sampling conducted in May;

Water sample collection for base chemical parameters in May;

Secchi depth measurements collected in May and August;

Temperature and dissolved oxygen readings collected in May and August;

Shoreline land use surveys carried out in June and July;

Invasive species awareness events in July and August;

Love Your Lake Shoreline Assessments conducted in July and August; and

Benthic macroinvertebrate sampling from May to August.

Table 1 identifies the lakes sampled in 2017, their location, and the program carried out.

Table 1: Sites monitored in 2017.

Lake Lake

Number Municipality

Quaternary

Watershed

Parameter

Monitored

Ada 15-1 ML Lake Rosseau Chem/Benthic/LYL

Axle 6901-1 LOB Lake of Bays Chem

Barron's 225-1 GB Severn River Chem/Benthic

Bass 239-1 GR Kahshe River Chem/Benthic

Bass 240-1 ML Lake Rosseau Chem

Baxter 6929-1 GB Severn River Shore

Bella 319-1 LOB Big East River Benthic

Bigwind 413-1 BR S. Muskoka River Chem/Benthic

Brandy 562-1 ML Lake Muskoka Chem/Benthic/LYL

Brooks 590-1 LOB Oxtongue River Chem

Bruce 604-2 ML Lake Rosseau Chem/Benthic

Buck 617-1 HT Mary Lake Chem/Benthic

Buck 616-1 LOB Lake of Bays Chem

Butterfly 676-1 ML Lake Rosseau Chem

Cardwell (Long) 747-1 ML Rosseau River Chem

Chub 7061-1 HT Mary Lake Chem/Benthic

Chub 853-2 LOB S. Muskoka River Chem

Cognashene Bay 7064-37 GB Georgian Bay Chem

Cornall 988-1 GR Severn River Chem

Crosson 1049-1 BR Upper Black River Chem

Dark 6913-1 ML Lake Muskoka Chem

Deer 1140-1 GR Lake Muskoka Chem


Year End Report

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Lake Lake

Number Municipality

Quaternary

Watershed

Parameter

Monitored

Devine 1173-1 HT N. Muskoka River Chem

Dickie 1193-1 LOB S. Muskoka River Benthic

Fawn (Deer) 1440-1 BR N. Muskoka River Chem

Flatrock 7243-1 GB Moon River Chem

Foote 1524-1 LOB Big East River Chem

Fox 1550-1 HT Mary Lake Benthic

Gilleach 7042-1 BR N. Muskoka River Chem

Go Home Bay 7064-38 GB Georgian Bay Chem

Grandview 1723-2 LOB S. Muskoka River Chem

Grindstone 1777-1 LOB U. Black River Chem

Gull 1791-2 GR Lake Muskoka Chem

Hardup (Poverty) 1863-1 LOB Lake of Bays Chem

Hoc Roc River – GR Lake Muskoka Benthic

Kahshe - Grant’s Bay 2217-2 GR Kahshe River Chem

Kahshe - Main 2217-5 GR Kahshe River Chem

Lake of Bays - Dwight Bay 2469-2 LOB Lake of Bays Chem

Lake of Bays - Haystack Bay 2469-5 LOB Lake of Bays Chem

Lake of Bays - Rat Bay 2469-9 LOB Lake of Bays Chem

Lake of Bays - South Muskoka River Bay 2469-11 LOB Lake of Bays Chem

Lake of Bays - South Portage Bay 2469-8 LOB Lake of Bays Chem

Lake of Bays - Ten Mile Bay 2469-10 LOB Lake of Bays Chem

Lake of Bays - Trading Bay 2469-6 LOB Lake of Bays Chem

Leonard 2540-3 ML Lake Muskoka Chem/Benthic/Shore

Little Go-Home Bay 7064-30 GB Severn River Chem

Long’s (Utterson) 6926-1 HT Dee River Chem

Longline 6509-1 LOB Lake of Bays Chem

Loon 2807-2 GR Severn River Benthic

Mary 3032-3 HT Mary Lake Chem/Benthic

Menominee 3181-3 LOB Lake of Bays Chem/Benthic

Moot 3325-2 LOB N. Muskoka River Chem

Morrison 3331-1 GR Severn River Chem

Muskoka - Muskoka Bay 2465-10 GR Lake Muskoka Shore

Myers (Butterfly) 3408-1 GB Moon River Chem

Neilson 3441-1 ML Lake Muskoka Chem

Nine Mile 3469-1 ML Gibson River Chem

North Muldrew 4074-1 GR Severn River Chem

Otter 6916-1 HT Mary Lake Benthic

Oudaze 4202-1 HT Big East River Chem/Shore

Oxbow 4213-2 LOB Oxtongue River Chem

Paint (St. Mary) 5145-4 LOB Lake of Bays Chem


Year End Report

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Lake Lake

Number Municipality

Quaternary

Watershed

Parameter

Monitored

Pell 6683-1 LOB Lake of Bays Chem

Penfold 4307-1 HT Mary Lake Chem

Peninsula - East 4309-4 LOB Mary Lake Benthic

Pine 4379-1 BR S. Muskoka River Chem

Prospect 4468-1 BR Kahshe River Chem

Ril 4627-2 LOB S. Muskoka River Benthic

Rosseau - Brackenrig Bay 2476-12 ML Lake Rosseau Chem/Shore

Rosseau - East Portage Bay 2476-11 ML Lake Rosseau Chem

Rosseau - Main 2476-13 ML Lake Rosseau Chem

Rosseau - North 2476-14 SE Lake Rosseau Chem

Rosseau - Skeleton Bay 2476-10 ML Lake Rosseau Chem

Silver 4951-2 GR Lake Muskoka Chem

Silver 4952-1 ML Lake Muskoka Chem

Six Mile - Cedar Nook Bay 4978-1 GB Severn River Chem

Six Mile - Main 4978-4 GB Severn River Chem

Six Mile - Provincial Park Bay 4978-5 GB Severn River Chem

Sixteen Mile (Long) 4980-1 LOB Lake of Bays Chem

Solitaire 5037-1 LOB Big East River Chem

South Muldrew 5075-1 GR Severn River Chem/Benthic

South Nelson 7236-1 LOB Oxtongue River Chem

Stewart 5166-1 GB/ML Lake Rosseau Chem/Benthic/LYL

Stoneleigh 6923-1 BR N. Muskoka River Chem

Sunny 5244-1 GR Kahshe River Benthic

Tackaberry 7234-1 LOB S. Muskoka River Chem

Tasso 5303-5 LOB Big East River Chem

Three Mile 5361-1 GR Kahshe River Chem

Three Mile - Hammel's Bay 5362-5 ML Dee River Chem/LYL

Three Mile - Main 5362-6 ML Dee River Chem/Benthic/LYL

Turtle (Long Turtle) 5485-1 GR Severn River Chem

Vernon - Main 6455-7 HT Mary Lake Benthic

Wah Wah Taysee 7064-39 GB Georgian Bay Chem

Walker 5710-2 LOB Mary Lake Benthic

Waseosa 5741-1 HT Little East River Chem

Webster 7074-1 GB Gibson River Chem

Wood 5961-1 BR S. Muskoka River Chem/LYL

BR (Bracebridge) GB (Georgian Bay) GR (Gravenhurst) HT (Huntsville)

LOB (Lake of Bays) ML (Muskoka Lakes) SE (Seguin)

Chem - Spring Phosphorus & Other Chemical Parameters Shore – Shoreline Land Use Survey

LYL - Love Your Lake Shoreline Assessment Benthic - Benthic Macroinvertebrate Monitoring

39

8

21

2235

35

60

60

9

51

14

2

118

117

10

9

2

10

23

11

3

592

6

20

6

6

50

37

42

15

16

4

44

46

11

13

19

18

41

49

36

17

11

1

2

31

3

45

35

47

24

4

141

3

30

13

13

169

4

118

27

25

2629

7

28

169

7

400

32

5

33

3448

38

400

12

11

10

kilometres

50

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Tackaberry LkTackaberry LkTackaberry LkTackaberry LkTackaberry LkTackaberry LkTackaberry LkTackaberry LkTackaberry LkTackaberry LkTackaberry LkTackaberry LkTackaberry LkTackaberry LkTackaberry LkTackaberry LkTackaberry LkTackaberry LkTackaberry LkTackaberry LkTackaberry LkTackaberry LkTackaberry LkTackaberry LkTackaberry LkTackaberry LkTackaberry LkTackaberry LkTackaberry LkTackaberry LkTackaberry LkTackaberry LkTackaberry LkTackaberry LkTackaberry LkTackaberry LkTackaberry LkTackaberry LkTackaberry LkTackaberry LkTackaberry LkTackaberry LkTackaberry LkTackaberry LkTackaberry LkTackaberry LkTackaberry LkTackaberry LkTackaberry LkStoneleigh LkStoneleigh LkStoneleigh LkStoneleigh LkStoneleigh LkStoneleigh LkStoneleigh LkStoneleigh LkStoneleigh LkStoneleigh LkStoneleigh LkStoneleigh LkStoneleigh LkStoneleigh LkStoneleigh LkStoneleigh LkStoneleigh LkStoneleigh LkStoneleigh LkStoneleigh LkStoneleigh LkStoneleigh LkStoneleigh LkStoneleigh LkStoneleigh LkStoneleigh LkStoneleigh LkStoneleigh LkStoneleigh LkStoneleigh LkStoneleigh LkStoneleigh LkStoneleigh LkStoneleigh LkStoneleigh LkStoneleigh LkStoneleigh LkStoneleigh LkStoneleigh LkStoneleigh LkStoneleigh LkStoneleigh LkStoneleigh LkStoneleigh LkStoneleigh LkStoneleigh LkStoneleigh LkStoneleigh LkStoneleigh Lk

Axle LkAxle LkAxle LkAxle LkAxle LkAxle LkAxle LkAxle LkAxle LkAxle LkAxle LkAxle LkAxle LkAxle LkAxle LkAxle LkAxle LkAxle LkAxle LkAxle LkAxle LkAxle LkAxle LkAxle LkAxle LkAxle LkAxle LkAxle LkAxle LkAxle LkAxle LkAxle LkAxle LkAxle LkAxle LkAxle LkAxle LkAxle LkAxle LkAxle LkAxle LkAxle LkAxle LkAxle LkAxle LkAxle LkAxle LkAxle LkAxle Lk

Devine LkDevine LkDevine LkDevine LkDevine LkDevine LkDevine LkDevine LkDevine LkDevine LkDevine LkDevine LkDevine LkDevine LkDevine LkDevine LkDevine LkDevine LkDevine LkDevine LkDevine LkDevine LkDevine LkDevine LkDevine LkDevine LkDevine LkDevine LkDevine LkDevine LkDevine LkDevine LkDevine LkDevine LkDevine LkDevine LkDevine LkDevine LkDevine LkDevine LkDevine LkDevine LkDevine LkDevine LkDevine LkDevine LkDevine LkDevine LkDevine Lk

Gilleach LkGilleach LkGilleach LkGilleach LkGilleach LkGilleach LkGilleach LkGilleach LkGilleach LkGilleach LkGilleach LkGilleach LkGilleach LkGilleach LkGilleach LkGilleach LkGilleach LkGilleach LkGilleach LkGilleach LkGilleach LkGilleach LkGilleach LkGilleach LkGilleach LkGilleach LkGilleach LkGilleach LkGilleach LkGilleach LkGilleach LkGilleach LkGilleach LkGilleach LkGilleach LkGilleach LkGilleach LkGilleach LkGilleach LkGilleach LkGilleach LkGilleach LkGilleach LkGilleach LkGilleach LkGilleach LkGilleach LkGilleach LkGilleach Lk

Fawn LkFawn LkFawn LkFawn LkFawn LkFawn LkFawn LkFawn LkFawn LkFawn LkFawn LkFawn LkFawn LkFawn LkFawn LkFawn LkFawn LkFawn LkFawn LkFawn LkFawn LkFawn LkFawn LkFawn LkFawn LkFawn LkFawn LkFawn LkFawn LkFawn LkFawn LkFawn LkFawn LkFawn LkFawn LkFawn LkFawn LkFawn LkFawn LkFawn LkFawn LkFawn LkFawn LkFawn LkFawn LkFawn LkFawn LkFawn LkFawn Lk

Menominee LkMenominee LkMenominee LkMenominee LkMenominee LkMenominee LkMenominee LkMenominee LkMenominee LkMenominee LkMenominee LkMenominee LkMenominee LkMenominee LkMenominee LkMenominee LkMenominee LkMenominee LkMenominee LkMenominee LkMenominee LkMenominee LkMenominee LkMenominee LkMenominee LkMenominee LkMenominee LkMenominee LkMenominee LkMenominee LkMenominee LkMenominee LkMenominee LkMenominee LkMenominee LkMenominee LkMenominee LkMenominee LkMenominee LkMenominee LkMenominee LkMenominee LkMenominee LkMenominee LkMenominee LkMenominee LkMenominee LkMenominee LkMenominee Lk

Moot LkMoot LkMoot LkMoot LkMoot LkMoot LkMoot LkMoot LkMoot LkMoot LkMoot LkMoot LkMoot LkMoot LkMoot LkMoot LkMoot LkMoot LkMoot LkMoot LkMoot LkMoot LkMoot LkMoot LkMoot LkMoot LkMoot LkMoot LkMoot LkMoot LkMoot LkMoot LkMoot LkMoot LkMoot LkMoot LkMoot LkMoot LkMoot LkMoot LkMoot LkMoot LkMoot LkMoot LkMoot LkMoot LkMoot LkMoot LkMoot Lk

Penfold LkPenfold LkPenfold LkPenfold LkPenfold LkPenfold LkPenfold LkPenfold LkPenfold LkPenfold LkPenfold LkPenfold LkPenfold LkPenfold LkPenfold LkPenfold LkPenfold LkPenfold LkPenfold LkPenfold LkPenfold LkPenfold LkPenfold LkPenfold LkPenfold LkPenfold LkPenfold LkPenfold LkPenfold LkPenfold LkPenfold LkPenfold LkPenfold LkPenfold LkPenfold LkPenfold LkPenfold LkPenfold LkPenfold LkPenfold LkPenfold LkPenfold LkPenfold LkPenfold LkPenfold LkPenfold LkPenfold LkPenfold LkPenfold Lk Sixteen Mile LkSixteen Mile LkSixteen Mile LkSixteen Mile LkSixteen Mile LkSixteen Mile LkSixteen Mile LkSixteen Mile LkSixteen Mile LkSixteen Mile LkSixteen Mile LkSixteen Mile LkSixteen Mile LkSixteen Mile LkSixteen Mile LkSixteen Mile LkSixteen Mile LkSixteen Mile LkSixteen Mile LkSixteen Mile LkSixteen Mile LkSixteen Mile LkSixteen Mile LkSixteen Mile LkSixteen Mile LkSixteen Mile LkSixteen Mile LkSixteen Mile LkSixteen Mile LkSixteen Mile LkSixteen Mile LkSixteen Mile LkSixteen Mile LkSixteen Mile LkSixteen Mile LkSixteen Mile LkSixteen Mile LkSixteen Mile LkSixteen Mile LkSixteen Mile LkSixteen Mile LkSixteen Mile LkSixteen Mile LkSixteen Mile LkSixteen Mile LkSixteen Mile LkSixteen Mile LkSixteen Mile LkSixteen Mile LkChub LkChub LkChub LkChub LkChub LkChub LkChub LkChub LkChub LkChub LkChub LkChub LkChub LkChub LkChub LkChub LkChub LkChub LkChub LkChub LkChub LkChub LkChub LkChub LkChub LkChub LkChub LkChub LkChub LkChub LkChub LkChub LkChub LkChub LkChub LkChub LkChub LkChub LkChub LkChub LkChub LkChub LkChub LkChub LkChub LkChub LkChub LkChub LkChub Lk

Crosson LkCrosson LkCrosson LkCrosson LkCrosson LkCrosson LkCrosson LkCrosson LkCrosson LkCrosson LkCrosson LkCrosson LkCrosson LkCrosson LkCrosson LkCrosson LkCrosson LkCrosson LkCrosson LkCrosson LkCrosson LkCrosson LkCrosson LkCrosson LkCrosson LkCrosson LkCrosson LkCrosson LkCrosson LkCrosson LkCrosson LkCrosson LkCrosson LkCrosson LkCrosson LkCrosson LkCrosson LkCrosson LkCrosson LkCrosson LkCrosson LkCrosson LkCrosson LkCrosson LkCrosson LkCrosson LkCrosson LkCrosson LkCrosson Lk

Bigwind LkBigwind LkBigwind LkBigwind LkBigwind LkBigwind LkBigwind LkBigwind LkBigwind LkBigwind LkBigwind LkBigwind LkBigwind LkBigwind LkBigwind LkBigwind LkBigwind LkBigwind LkBigwind LkBigwind LkBigwind LkBigwind LkBigwind LkBigwind LkBigwind LkBigwind LkBigwind LkBigwind LkBigwind LkBigwind LkBigwind LkBigwind LkBigwind LkBigwind LkBigwind LkBigwind LkBigwind LkBigwind LkBigwind LkBigwind LkBigwind LkBigwind LkBigwind LkBigwind LkBigwind LkBigwind LkBigwind LkBigwind LkBigwind Lk

Pine LkPine LkPine LkPine LkPine LkPine LkPine LkPine LkPine LkPine LkPine LkPine LkPine LkPine LkPine LkPine LkPine LkPine LkPine LkPine LkPine LkPine LkPine LkPine LkPine LkPine LkPine LkPine LkPine LkPine LkPine LkPine LkPine LkPine LkPine LkPine LkPine LkPine LkPine LkPine LkPine LkPine LkPine LkPine LkPine LkPine LkPine LkPine LkPine Lk

Wood LkWood LkWood LkWood LkWood LkWood LkWood LkWood LkWood LkWood LkWood LkWood LkWood LkWood LkWood LkWood LkWood LkWood LkWood LkWood LkWood LkWood LkWood LkWood LkWood LkWood LkWood LkWood LkWood LkWood LkWood LkWood LkWood LkWood LkWood LkWood LkWood LkWood LkWood LkWood LkWood LkWood LkWood LkWood LkWood LkWood LkWood LkWood LkWood Lk

Prospect LkProspect LkProspect LkProspect LkProspect LkProspect LkProspect LkProspect LkProspect LkProspect LkProspect LkProspect LkProspect LkProspect LkProspect LkProspect LkProspect LkProspect LkProspect LkProspect LkProspect LkProspect LkProspect LkProspect LkProspect LkProspect LkProspect LkProspect LkProspect LkProspect LkProspect LkProspect LkProspect LkProspect LkProspect LkProspect LkProspect LkProspect LkProspect LkProspect LkProspect LkProspect LkProspect LkProspect LkProspect LkProspect LkProspect LkProspect LkProspect Lk

Leonard LkLeonard LkLeonard LkLeonard LkLeonard LkLeonard LkLeonard LkLeonard LkLeonard LkLeonard LkLeonard LkLeonard LkLeonard LkLeonard LkLeonard LkLeonard LkLeonard LkLeonard LkLeonard LkLeonard LkLeonard LkLeonard LkLeonard LkLeonard LkLeonard LkLeonard LkLeonard LkLeonard LkLeonard LkLeonard LkLeonard LkLeonard LkLeonard LkLeonard LkLeonard LkLeonard LkLeonard LkLeonard LkLeonard LkLeonard LkLeonard LkLeonard LkLeonard LkLeonard LkLeonard LkLeonard LkLeonard LkLeonard LkLeonard Lk

Brandy LkBrandy LkBrandy LkBrandy LkBrandy LkBrandy LkBrandy LkBrandy LkBrandy LkBrandy LkBrandy LkBrandy LkBrandy LkBrandy LkBrandy LkBrandy LkBrandy LkBrandy LkBrandy LkBrandy LkBrandy LkBrandy LkBrandy LkBrandy LkBrandy LkBrandy LkBrandy LkBrandy LkBrandy LkBrandy LkBrandy LkBrandy LkBrandy LkBrandy LkBrandy LkBrandy LkBrandy LkBrandy LkBrandy LkBrandy LkBrandy LkBrandy LkBrandy LkBrandy LkBrandy LkBrandy LkBrandy LkBrandy LkBrandy Lk

Gull LkGull LkGull LkGull LkGull LkGull LkGull LkGull LkGull LkGull LkGull LkGull LkGull LkGull LkGull LkGull LkGull LkGull LkGull LkGull LkGull LkGull LkGull LkGull LkGull LkGull LkGull LkGull LkGull LkGull LkGull LkGull LkGull LkGull LkGull LkGull LkGull LkGull LkGull LkGull LkGull LkGull LkGull LkGull LkGull LkGull LkGull LkGull LkGull LkSouth Muldrew LkSouth Muldrew LkSouth Muldrew LkSouth Muldrew LkSouth Muldrew LkSouth Muldrew LkSouth Muldrew LkSouth Muldrew LkSouth Muldrew LkSouth Muldrew LkSouth Muldrew LkSouth Muldrew LkSouth Muldrew LkSouth Muldrew LkSouth Muldrew LkSouth Muldrew LkSouth Muldrew LkSouth Muldrew LkSouth Muldrew LkSouth Muldrew LkSouth Muldrew LkSouth Muldrew LkSouth Muldrew LkSouth Muldrew LkSouth Muldrew LkSouth Muldrew LkSouth Muldrew LkSouth Muldrew LkSouth Muldrew LkSouth Muldrew LkSouth Muldrew LkSouth Muldrew LkSouth Muldrew LkSouth Muldrew LkSouth Muldrew LkSouth Muldrew LkSouth Muldrew LkSouth Muldrew LkSouth Muldrew LkSouth Muldrew LkSouth Muldrew LkSouth Muldrew LkSouth Muldrew LkSouth Muldrew LkSouth Muldrew LkSouth Muldrew LkSouth Muldrew LkSouth Muldrew LkSouth Muldrew Lk

Silver LkSilver LkSilver LkSilver LkSilver LkSilver LkSilver LkSilver LkSilver LkSilver LkSilver LkSilver LkSilver LkSilver LkSilver LkSilver LkSilver LkSilver LkSilver LkSilver LkSilver LkSilver LkSilver LkSilver LkSilver LkSilver LkSilver LkSilver LkSilver LkSilver LkSilver LkSilver LkSilver LkSilver LkSilver LkSilver LkSilver LkSilver LkSilver LkSilver LkSilver LkSilver LkSilver LkSilver LkSilver LkSilver LkSilver LkSilver LkSilver Lk Fawn LkFawn LkFawn LkFawn LkFawn LkFawn LkFawn LkFawn LkFawn LkFawn LkFawn LkFawn LkFawn LkFawn LkFawn LkFawn LkFawn LkFawn LkFawn LkFawn LkFawn LkFawn LkFawn LkFawn LkFawn LkFawn LkFawn LkFawn LkFawn LkFawn LkFawn LkFawn LkFawn LkFawn LkFawn LkFawn LkFawn LkFawn LkFawn LkFawn LkFawn LkFawn LkFawn LkFawn LkFawn LkFawn LkFawn LkFawn LkFawn Lk

Oudaze LkOudaze LkOudaze LkOudaze LkOudaze LkOudaze LkOudaze LkOudaze LkOudaze LkOudaze LkOudaze LkOudaze LkOudaze LkOudaze LkOudaze LkOudaze LkOudaze LkOudaze LkOudaze LkOudaze LkOudaze LkOudaze LkOudaze LkOudaze LkOudaze LkOudaze LkOudaze LkOudaze LkOudaze LkOudaze LkOudaze LkOudaze LkOudaze LkOudaze LkOudaze LkOudaze LkOudaze LkOudaze LkOudaze LkOudaze LkOudaze LkOudaze LkOudaze LkOudaze LkOudaze LkOudaze LkOudaze LkOudaze LkOudaze LkBuck LkBuck LkBuck LkBuck LkBuck LkBuck LkBuck LkBuck LkBuck LkBuck LkBuck LkBuck LkBuck LkBuck LkBuck LkBuck LkBuck LkBuck LkBuck LkBuck LkBuck LkBuck LkBuck LkBuck LkBuck LkBuck LkBuck LkBuck LkBuck LkBuck LkBuck LkBuck LkBuck LkBuck LkBuck LkBuck LkBuck LkBuck LkBuck LkBuck LkBuck LkBuck LkBuck LkBuck LkBuck LkBuck LkBuck LkBuck LkBuck Lk

Foote LkFoote LkFoote LkFoote LkFoote LkFoote LkFoote LkFoote LkFoote LkFoote LkFoote LkFoote LkFoote LkFoote LkFoote LkFoote LkFoote LkFoote LkFoote LkFoote LkFoote LkFoote LkFoote LkFoote LkFoote LkFoote LkFoote LkFoote LkFoote LkFoote LkFoote LkFoote LkFoote LkFoote LkFoote LkFoote LkFoote LkFoote LkFoote LkFoote LkFoote LkFoote LkFoote LkFoote LkFoote LkFoote LkFoote LkFoote LkFoote Lk

Bass LkBass LkBass LkBass LkBass LkBass LkBass LkBass LkBass LkBass LkBass LkBass LkBass LkBass LkBass LkBass LkBass LkBass LkBass LkBass LkBass LkBass LkBass LkBass LkBass LkBass LkBass LkBass LkBass LkBass LkBass LkBass LkBass LkBass LkBass LkBass LkBass LkBass LkBass LkBass LkBass LkBass LkBass LkBass LkBass LkBass LkBass LkBass LkBass LkMyers LkMyers LkMyers LkMyers LkMyers LkMyers LkMyers LkMyers LkMyers LkMyers LkMyers LkMyers LkMyers LkMyers LkMyers LkMyers LkMyers LkMyers LkMyers LkMyers LkMyers LkMyers LkMyers LkMyers LkMyers LkMyers LkMyers LkMyers LkMyers LkMyers LkMyers LkMyers LkMyers LkMyers LkMyers LkMyers LkMyers LkMyers LkMyers LkMyers LkMyers LkMyers LkMyers LkMyers LkMyers LkMyers LkMyers LkMyers LkMyers Lk

Stewart LkStewart LkStewart LkStewart LkStewart LkStewart LkStewart LkStewart LkStewart LkStewart LkStewart LkStewart LkStewart LkStewart LkStewart LkStewart LkStewart LkStewart LkStewart LkStewart LkStewart LkStewart LkStewart LkStewart LkStewart LkStewart LkStewart LkStewart LkStewart LkStewart LkStewart LkStewart LkStewart LkStewart LkStewart LkStewart LkStewart LkStewart LkStewart LkStewart LkStewart LkStewart LkStewart LkStewart LkStewart LkStewart LkStewart LkStewart LkStewart Lk

Ada LkAda LkAda LkAda LkAda LkAda LkAda LkAda LkAda LkAda LkAda LkAda LkAda LkAda LkAda LkAda LkAda LkAda LkAda LkAda LkAda LkAda LkAda LkAda LkAda LkAda LkAda LkAda LkAda LkAda LkAda LkAda LkAda LkAda LkAda LkAda LkAda LkAda LkAda LkAda LkAda LkAda LkAda LkAda LkAda LkAda LkAda LkAda LkAda Lk

Butterfly LkButterfly LkButterfly LkButterfly LkButterfly LkButterfly LkButterfly LkButterfly LkButterfly LkButterfly LkButterfly LkButterfly LkButterfly LkButterfly LkButterfly LkButterfly LkButterfly LkButterfly LkButterfly LkButterfly LkButterfly LkButterfly LkButterfly LkButterfly LkButterfly LkButterfly LkButterfly LkButterfly LkButterfly LkButterfly LkButterfly LkButterfly LkButterfly LkButterfly LkButterfly LkButterfly LkButterfly LkButterfly LkButterfly LkButterfly LkButterfly LkButterfly LkButterfly LkButterfly LkButterfly LkButterfly LkButterfly LkButterfly LkButterfly Lk

Silver LkSilver LkSilver LkSilver LkSilver LkSilver LkSilver LkSilver LkSilver LkSilver LkSilver LkSilver LkSilver LkSilver LkSilver LkSilver LkSilver LkSilver LkSilver LkSilver LkSilver LkSilver LkSilver LkSilver LkSilver LkSilver LkSilver LkSilver LkSilver LkSilver LkSilver LkSilver LkSilver LkSilver LkSilver LkSilver LkSilver LkSilver LkSilver LkSilver LkSilver LkSilver LkSilver LkSilver LkSilver LkSilver LkSilver LkSilver LkSilver Lk

Lake RosseauLake RosseauLake RosseauLake RosseauLake RosseauLake RosseauLake RosseauLake RosseauLake RosseauLake RosseauLake RosseauLake RosseauLake RosseauLake RosseauLake RosseauLake RosseauLake RosseauLake RosseauLake RosseauLake RosseauLake RosseauLake RosseauLake RosseauLake RosseauLake RosseauLake RosseauLake RosseauLake RosseauLake RosseauLake RosseauLake RosseauLake RosseauLake RosseauLake RosseauLake RosseauLake RosseauLake RosseauLake RosseauLake RosseauLake RosseauLake RosseauLake RosseauLake RosseauLake RosseauLake RosseauLake RosseauLake RosseauLake RosseauLake Rosseau

Bruce LkBruce LkBruce LkBruce LkBruce LkBruce LkBruce LkBruce LkBruce LkBruce LkBruce LkBruce LkBruce LkBruce LkBruce LkBruce LkBruce LkBruce LkBruce LkBruce LkBruce LkBruce LkBruce LkBruce LkBruce LkBruce LkBruce LkBruce LkBruce LkBruce LkBruce LkBruce LkBruce LkBruce LkBruce LkBruce LkBruce LkBruce LkBruce LkBruce LkBruce LkBruce LkBruce LkBruce LkBruce LkBruce LkBruce LkBruce LkBruce Lk

Dark LkDark LkDark LkDark LkDark LkDark LkDark LkDark LkDark LkDark LkDark LkDark LkDark LkDark LkDark LkDark LkDark LkDark LkDark LkDark LkDark LkDark LkDark LkDark LkDark LkDark LkDark LkDark LkDark LkDark LkDark LkDark LkDark LkDark LkDark LkDark LkDark LkDark LkDark LkDark LkDark LkDark LkDark LkDark LkDark LkDark LkDark LkDark LkDark Lk

Neilson LkNeilson LkNeilson LkNeilson LkNeilson LkNeilson LkNeilson LkNeilson LkNeilson LkNeilson LkNeilson LkNeilson LkNeilson LkNeilson LkNeilson LkNeilson LkNeilson LkNeilson LkNeilson LkNeilson LkNeilson LkNeilson LkNeilson LkNeilson LkNeilson LkNeilson LkNeilson LkNeilson LkNeilson LkNeilson LkNeilson LkNeilson LkNeilson LkNeilson LkNeilson LkNeilson LkNeilson LkNeilson LkNeilson LkNeilson LkNeilson LkNeilson LkNeilson LkNeilson LkNeilson LkNeilson LkNeilson LkNeilson LkNeilson Lk

Tasso LkTasso LkTasso LkTasso LkTasso LkTasso LkTasso LkTasso LkTasso LkTasso LkTasso LkTasso LkTasso LkTasso LkTasso LkTasso LkTasso LkTasso LkTasso LkTasso LkTasso LkTasso LkTasso LkTasso LkTasso LkTasso LkTasso LkTasso LkTasso LkTasso LkTasso LkTasso LkTasso LkTasso LkTasso LkTasso LkTasso LkTasso LkTasso LkTasso LkTasso LkTasso LkTasso LkTasso LkTasso LkTasso LkTasso LkTasso LkTasso Lk

Brooks LkBrooks LkBrooks LkBrooks LkBrooks LkBrooks LkBrooks LkBrooks LkBrooks LkBrooks LkBrooks LkBrooks LkBrooks LkBrooks LkBrooks LkBrooks LkBrooks LkBrooks LkBrooks LkBrooks LkBrooks LkBrooks LkBrooks LkBrooks LkBrooks LkBrooks LkBrooks LkBrooks LkBrooks LkBrooks LkBrooks LkBrooks LkBrooks LkBrooks LkBrooks LkBrooks LkBrooks LkBrooks LkBrooks LkBrooks LkBrooks LkBrooks LkBrooks LkBrooks LkBrooks LkBrooks LkBrooks LkBrooks LkBrooks Lk

South Nelson LkSouth Nelson LkSouth Nelson LkSouth Nelson LkSouth Nelson LkSouth Nelson LkSouth Nelson LkSouth Nelson LkSouth Nelson LkSouth Nelson LkSouth Nelson LkSouth Nelson LkSouth Nelson LkSouth Nelson LkSouth Nelson LkSouth Nelson LkSouth Nelson LkSouth Nelson LkSouth Nelson LkSouth Nelson LkSouth Nelson LkSouth Nelson LkSouth Nelson LkSouth Nelson LkSouth Nelson LkSouth Nelson LkSouth Nelson LkSouth Nelson LkSouth Nelson LkSouth Nelson LkSouth Nelson LkSouth Nelson LkSouth Nelson LkSouth Nelson LkSouth Nelson LkSouth Nelson LkSouth Nelson LkSouth Nelson LkSouth Nelson LkSouth Nelson LkSouth Nelson LkSouth Nelson LkSouth Nelson LkSouth Nelson LkSouth Nelson LkSouth Nelson LkSouth Nelson LkSouth Nelson LkSouth Nelson Lk

Hardup LkHardup LkHardup LkHardup LkHardup LkHardup LkHardup LkHardup LkHardup LkHardup LkHardup LkHardup LkHardup LkHardup LkHardup LkHardup LkHardup LkHardup LkHardup LkHardup LkHardup LkHardup LkHardup LkHardup LkHardup LkHardup LkHardup LkHardup LkHardup LkHardup LkHardup LkHardup LkHardup LkHardup LkHardup LkHardup LkHardup LkHardup LkHardup LkHardup LkHardup LkHardup LkHardup LkHardup LkHardup LkHardup LkHardup LkHardup LkHardup Lk

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Solitaire LkSolitaire LkSolitaire LkSolitaire LkSolitaire LkSolitaire LkSolitaire LkSolitaire LkSolitaire LkSolitaire LkSolitaire LkSolitaire LkSolitaire LkSolitaire LkSolitaire LkSolitaire LkSolitaire LkSolitaire LkSolitaire LkSolitaire LkSolitaire LkSolitaire LkSolitaire LkSolitaire LkSolitaire LkSolitaire LkSolitaire LkSolitaire LkSolitaire LkSolitaire LkSolitaire LkSolitaire LkSolitaire LkSolitaire LkSolitaire LkSolitaire LkSolitaire LkSolitaire LkSolitaire LkSolitaire LkSolitaire LkSolitaire LkSolitaire LkSolitaire LkSolitaire LkSolitaire LkSolitaire LkSolitaire LkSolitaire Lk

Pell LkPell LkPell LkPell LkPell LkPell LkPell LkPell LkPell LkPell LkPell LkPell LkPell LkPell LkPell LkPell LkPell LkPell LkPell LkPell LkPell LkPell LkPell LkPell LkPell LkPell LkPell LkPell LkPell LkPell LkPell LkPell LkPell LkPell LkPell LkPell LkPell LkPell LkPell LkPell LkPell LkPell LkPell LkPell LkPell LkPell LkPell LkPell LkPell Lk

Buck LkBuck LkBuck LkBuck LkBuck LkBuck LkBuck LkBuck LkBuck LkBuck LkBuck LkBuck LkBuck LkBuck LkBuck LkBuck LkBuck LkBuck LkBuck LkBuck LkBuck LkBuck LkBuck LkBuck LkBuck LkBuck LkBuck LkBuck LkBuck LkBuck LkBuck LkBuck LkBuck LkBuck LkBuck LkBuck LkBuck LkBuck LkBuck LkBuck LkBuck LkBuck LkBuck LkBuck LkBuck LkBuck LkBuck LkBuck LkBuck Lk

Turtle LkTurtle LkTurtle LkTurtle LkTurtle LkTurtle LkTurtle LkTurtle LkTurtle LkTurtle LkTurtle LkTurtle LkTurtle LkTurtle LkTurtle LkTurtle LkTurtle LkTurtle LkTurtle LkTurtle LkTurtle LkTurtle LkTurtle LkTurtle LkTurtle LkTurtle LkTurtle LkTurtle LkTurtle LkTurtle LkTurtle LkTurtle LkTurtle LkTurtle LkTurtle LkTurtle LkTurtle LkTurtle LkTurtle LkTurtle LkTurtle LkTurtle LkTurtle LkTurtle LkTurtle LkTurtle LkTurtle LkTurtle LkTurtle Lk

Nine Mile LkNine Mile LkNine Mile LkNine Mile LkNine Mile LkNine Mile LkNine Mile LkNine Mile LkNine Mile LkNine Mile LkNine Mile LkNine Mile LkNine Mile LkNine Mile LkNine Mile LkNine Mile LkNine Mile LkNine Mile LkNine Mile LkNine Mile LkNine Mile LkNine Mile LkNine Mile LkNine Mile LkNine Mile LkNine Mile LkNine Mile LkNine Mile LkNine Mile LkNine Mile LkNine Mile LkNine Mile LkNine Mile LkNine Mile LkNine Mile LkNine Mile LkNine Mile LkNine Mile LkNine Mile LkNine Mile LkNine Mile LkNine Mile LkNine Mile LkNine Mile LkNine Mile LkNine Mile LkNine Mile LkNine Mile LkNine Mile Lk

Cornall LkCornall LkCornall LkCornall LkCornall LkCornall LkCornall LkCornall LkCornall LkCornall LkCornall LkCornall LkCornall LkCornall LkCornall LkCornall LkCornall LkCornall LkCornall LkCornall LkCornall LkCornall LkCornall LkCornall LkCornall LkCornall LkCornall LkCornall LkCornall LkCornall LkCornall LkCornall LkCornall LkCornall LkCornall LkCornall LkCornall LkCornall LkCornall LkCornall LkCornall LkCornall LkCornall LkCornall LkCornall LkCornall LkCornall LkCornall LkCornall LkMorrison LkMorrison LkMorrison LkMorrison LkMorrison LkMorrison LkMorrison LkMorrison LkMorrison LkMorrison LkMorrison LkMorrison LkMorrison LkMorrison LkMorrison LkMorrison LkMorrison LkMorrison LkMorrison LkMorrison LkMorrison LkMorrison LkMorrison LkMorrison LkMorrison LkMorrison LkMorrison LkMorrison LkMorrison LkMorrison LkMorrison LkMorrison LkMorrison LkMorrison LkMorrison LkMorrison LkMorrison LkMorrison LkMorrison LkMorrison LkMorrison LkMorrison LkMorrison LkMorrison LkMorrison LkMorrison LkMorrison LkMorrison LkMorrison Lk

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Kahshe LkKahshe LkKahshe LkKahshe LkKahshe LkKahshe LkKahshe LkKahshe LkKahshe LkKahshe LkKahshe LkKahshe LkKahshe LkKahshe LkKahshe LkKahshe LkKahshe LkKahshe LkKahshe LkKahshe LkKahshe LkKahshe LkKahshe LkKahshe LkKahshe LkKahshe LkKahshe LkKahshe LkKahshe LkKahshe LkKahshe LkKahshe LkKahshe LkKahshe LkKahshe LkKahshe LkKahshe LkKahshe LkKahshe LkKahshe LkKahshe LkKahshe LkKahshe LkKahshe LkKahshe LkKahshe LkKahshe LkKahshe LkKahshe Lk Bass LkBass LkBass LkBass LkBass LkBass LkBass LkBass LkBass LkBass LkBass LkBass LkBass LkBass LkBass LkBass LkBass LkBass LkBass LkBass LkBass LkBass LkBass LkBass LkBass LkBass LkBass LkBass LkBass LkBass LkBass LkBass LkBass LkBass LkBass LkBass LkBass LkBass LkBass LkBass LkBass LkBass LkBass LkBass LkBass LkBass LkBass LkBass LkBass Lk

Longs LkLongs LkLongs LkLongs LkLongs LkLongs LkLongs LkLongs LkLongs LkLongs LkLongs LkLongs LkLongs LkLongs LkLongs LkLongs LkLongs LkLongs LkLongs LkLongs LkLongs LkLongs LkLongs LkLongs LkLongs LkLongs LkLongs LkLongs LkLongs LkLongs LkLongs LkLongs LkLongs LkLongs LkLongs LkLongs LkLongs LkLongs LkLongs LkLongs LkLongs LkLongs LkLongs LkLongs LkLongs LkLongs LkLongs LkLongs LkLongs Lk

Webster LkWebster LkWebster LkWebster LkWebster LkWebster LkWebster LkWebster LkWebster LkWebster LkWebster LkWebster LkWebster LkWebster LkWebster LkWebster LkWebster LkWebster LkWebster LkWebster LkWebster LkWebster LkWebster LkWebster LkWebster LkWebster LkWebster LkWebster LkWebster LkWebster LkWebster LkWebster LkWebster LkWebster LkWebster LkWebster LkWebster LkWebster LkWebster LkWebster LkWebster LkWebster LkWebster LkWebster LkWebster LkWebster LkWebster LkWebster LkWebster Lk


Cardwell LkCardwell LkCardwell LkCardwell LkCardwell LkCardwell LkCardwell LkCardwell LkCardwell LkCardwell LkCardwell LkCardwell LkCardwell LkCardwell LkCardwell LkCardwell LkCardwell LkCardwell LkCardwell LkCardwell LkCardwell LkCardwell LkCardwell LkCardwell LkCardwell LkCardwell LkCardwell LkCardwell LkCardwell LkCardwell LkCardwell LkCardwell LkCardwell LkCardwell LkCardwell LkCardwell LkCardwell LkCardwell LkCardwell LkCardwell LkCardwell LkCardwell LkCardwell LkCardwell LkCardwell LkCardwell LkCardwell LkCardwell LkCardwell Lk

Waseosa LkWaseosa LkWaseosa LkWaseosa LkWaseosa LkWaseosa LkWaseosa LkWaseosa LkWaseosa LkWaseosa LkWaseosa LkWaseosa LkWaseosa LkWaseosa LkWaseosa LkWaseosa LkWaseosa LkWaseosa LkWaseosa LkWaseosa LkWaseosa LkWaseosa LkWaseosa LkWaseosa LkWaseosa LkWaseosa LkWaseosa LkWaseosa LkWaseosa LkWaseosa LkWaseosa LkWaseosa LkWaseosa LkWaseosa LkWaseosa LkWaseosa LkWaseosa LkWaseosa LkWaseosa LkWaseosa LkWaseosa LkWaseosa LkWaseosa LkWaseosa LkWaseosa LkWaseosa LkWaseosa LkWaseosa LkWaseosa Lk

Mary LkMary LkMary LkMary LkMary LkMary LkMary LkMary LkMary LkMary LkMary LkMary LkMary LkMary LkMary LkMary LkMary LkMary LkMary LkMary LkMary LkMary LkMary LkMary LkMary LkMary LkMary LkMary LkMary LkMary LkMary LkMary LkMary LkMary LkMary LkMary LkMary LkMary LkMary LkMary LkMary LkMary LkMary LkMary LkMary LkMary LkMary LkMary LkMary Lk

Deer LkDeer LkDeer LkDeer LkDeer LkDeer LkDeer LkDeer LkDeer LkDeer LkDeer LkDeer LkDeer LkDeer LkDeer LkDeer LkDeer LkDeer LkDeer LkDeer LkDeer LkDeer LkDeer LkDeer LkDeer LkDeer LkDeer LkDeer LkDeer LkDeer LkDeer LkDeer LkDeer LkDeer LkDeer LkDeer LkDeer LkDeer LkDeer LkDeer LkDeer LkDeer LkDeer LkDeer LkDeer LkDeer LkDeer LkDeer LkDeer Lk

Little Go Home BayLittle Go Home BayLittle Go Home BayLittle Go Home BayLittle Go Home BayLittle Go Home BayLittle Go Home BayLittle Go Home BayLittle Go Home BayLittle Go Home BayLittle Go Home BayLittle Go Home BayLittle Go Home BayLittle Go Home BayLittle Go Home BayLittle Go Home BayLittle Go Home BayLittle Go Home BayLittle Go Home BayLittle Go Home BayLittle Go Home BayLittle Go Home BayLittle Go Home BayLittle Go Home BayLittle Go Home BayLittle Go Home BayLittle Go Home BayLittle Go Home BayLittle Go Home BayLittle Go Home BayLittle Go Home BayLittle Go Home BayLittle Go Home BayLittle Go Home BayLittle Go Home BayLittle Go Home BayLittle Go Home BayLittle Go Home BayLittle Go Home BayLittle Go Home BayLittle Go Home BayLittle Go Home BayLittle Go Home BayLittle Go Home BayLittle Go Home BayLittle Go Home BayLittle Go Home BayLittle Go Home BayLittle Go Home Bay

Six Mile LkSix Mile LkSix Mile LkSix Mile LkSix Mile LkSix Mile LkSix Mile LkSix Mile LkSix Mile LkSix Mile LkSix Mile LkSix Mile LkSix Mile LkSix Mile LkSix Mile LkSix Mile LkSix Mile LkSix Mile LkSix Mile LkSix Mile LkSix Mile LkSix Mile LkSix Mile LkSix Mile LkSix Mile LkSix Mile LkSix Mile LkSix Mile LkSix Mile LkSix Mile LkSix Mile LkSix Mile LkSix Mile LkSix Mile LkSix Mile LkSix Mile LkSix Mile LkSix Mile LkSix Mile LkSix Mile LkSix Mile LkSix Mile LkSix Mile LkSix Mile LkSix Mile LkSix Mile LkSix Mile LkSix Mile LkSix Mile Lk

The information contained herein may be erroneous, inaccurate or misleading.

The parties compiling and/or disclosing the information make no warranties

whatsoever as to the accuracy of any or all of the information contained herein.

Any party relying on this information does so at their own risk and shall not,

under any circumstances, make any claim against anyone on the grounds

that the information was erroneous, inaccurate or misleading.

The Ontario Road Network Database is the property of the Government of Ontario

and is used under licence from the Government of Ontario.

Produced by the District of Muskoka under licence from

Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Copyright (c) Queens Printer 2017.

INCLUDES MATERIAL © 2017 OF THE QUEEN’S PRINTER FOR ONTARIO.

ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

This road network information has been generated or adapted from Ontario Road

Network Database, a database built from source data provided by the Municipalities

of Ontario to the Government of Ontario under licence.

\\muskoka.local\dm\ped\WATER\WATQUAL\Monitoring Program\Report Maps\2017\MONITORED LAKES 2017 Chemical 11x17.WOR

Chemical Monitoring


Year End Report

12

1) Spring phosphorus sampling and other chemical parameters

Phosphorus is the nutrient that controls the growth of algae in most Ontario lakes. For this

reason, an increase in phosphorus in a lake increases the potential for algal blooms. Algal

blooms detract from recreational water quality and, in some cases, affect the habitat of

coldwater fish species such as Lake trout.

Phosphorus samples are collected in the spring during “spring turnover”. Studies have shown

that for lakes on the Precambrian Shield, total phosphorus long-term means derived using

spring turnover data and whole lake means are not significantly different.1 In some cases, a

sample may be taken after a lake has thermally stratified (see section 3b) but before

biological activity has altered the phosphorus concentration in each layer. Studies

conducted at DESC demonstrate that phosphorus samples taken in April (during turnover),

May (late turnover-early stratification) and early June (weakly stratified) are not significantly

different.2

By sampling spring phosphorus each year it is possible to detect a change in the nutrient

status of a lake. Several years of data must be collected before it is possible to determine

normal phosphorus levels and between-year differences. It is only at that point that trends in

phosphorus can be identified.

Phosphorus is a natural substance required by all living organisms. It enters a lake naturally

through sediment and precipitation, which cannot be controlled by human activities.

Human inputs of phosphorus to Muskoka’s recreational lakes are primarily through septic

system seepage and surface runoff from sources such as lawn fertilizer runoff and agricultural

runoff. Planning policy targets these activities to reduce human phosphorus inputs. Municipal

wastewater will also add phosphorus to a waterbody. However, Muskoka sewage treatment

plants all have tertiary treatment with phosphorus reduction technology.

Sampling for spring phosphorus and other chemical parameters in 2017 was conducted from

May to early June. A total of 84 sites were sampled on 70 lakes.

Figure 1 identifies the 70 lakes that were sampled for spring phosphorus, Secchi depth,

temperature, dissolved oxygen and other chemical parameters in 2017.

a) Sampling method

A composite water sample for spring phosphorus was taken to the Secchi depth

measurement. Two samples were taken for each lake and these readings were

averaged.

b) Spring phosphorus results

Figure 2 summarizes the 2017 spring phosphorus results.

Lakes with phosphorus concentrations below 10 micrograms per litre (g/L) are

considered oligotrophic or unenriched. Those with a phosphorus concentration falling

between 11 and 20 g/L are termed mesotrophic or moderately enriched, while lakes

with a phosphorus concentration exceeding 20 g/L are called eutrophic and are

1 Clark, Bev J. , Paterson, Andrew M. , Jeziorski, Adam and Kelsey, Susan (2010). 'Assessing variability in total phosphorus

measurements in Ontario lakes', Lake and Reservoir Management, 26: 1, 63 - 72, First published on: 24 March 2010 (iFirst) 2 ibid.


Year End Report

13

considered enriched. Refer to Appendix 2 for general characteristics of oligotrophic,

mesotrophic, and eutrophic lakes.

As recommended in the 2008 report Review of Long-Term Water Quality Data for the

Lake System Health Program prepared by Gartner Lee Limited, spring phosphorus results

were analyzed for bad splits and outliers. A bad split occurs when a greater than 25%

variance is found between duplicate samples taken at each site. Where a bad split is

found, the higher value is generally discarded. The average spring phosphorus data was

then analyzed to determine the validity of the 2017 measurement in the long term data

series for each lake using the methods outlined in the above report. Data points

determined to be outliers were excluded from the calculation of a lake’s 10-year

average.

c) Other chemical parameters

Water samples collected in the spring are analyzed for a variety of parameters, including

pH, alkalinity, conductivity, dissolved organic carbon, calcium, chloride, colour, sodium,

nitrogen, and sulphate. Collection of these data provides information on the chemical

characteristics of the lake and can highlight changes in water chemistry. Table 2

contains a full list of the chemical parameters analyzed. Table 3 contains more

information on a select number of parameters and the data collected in 2017 for these

select parameters is included in Appendix 5.

Table 2: Full suite of chemical parameters analyzed in the laboratory.

Name Units Name Units

Alkalinity; Gran mg/L Magnesium mg/L

Alkalinity; Total Fixed Endpoint mg/L Manganese µg/L

Aluminum µg/L Molybdenum µg/L

Anions meq/L Nickel µg/L

Antimony µg/L Nitrogen; Ammonia+Ammonium µg/L

Arsenic µg/L Nitrogen; Nitrate+Nitrite µg/L

Barium µg/L Nitrogen; Total mg/L

Beryllium µg/L Nitrogen; Total Kjeldahl µg/L

Boron µg/L pH none

Cadmium µg/L Phosphorus; Total µg/L

Calcium mg/L Potassium mg/L

Carbon; Dissolved Inorganic mg/L Saturation pH Estimated none

Carbon; Dissolved Organic mg/L Selenium µg/L

Cations meq/L Silicon; Reactive Silicate mg/L

Chloride mg/L Silver µg/L

Chromium µg/L Sodium mg/L

Cobalt µg/L Solids; Dissolved Estimated mg/L

Colour; True TCU Strontium µg/L

Conductivity µS/cm Sulphate mg/L

Conductivity Estimated µS/cm Thallium µg/L

Copper µg/L Titanium µg/L

Ion Balance Calculation % Uranium µg/L

Iron µg/L Vanadium µg/L

Langeliers Index Calculation none Zinc µg/L

Lead µg/L


Year End Report

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Table 3: Chemical water quality parameters monitored in 2017.

Water Quality

Parameter What Is It Why Measure It Recommended Limit

Alkalinity

(mg/L)

A measure of a lake’s “buffering capacity” or its

ability to neutralize acids. Alkalinity comes from

rocks and soils, salts, plant activities, and industrial

wastewater discharges.

It is a measure of a lake’s sensitivity

to acid inputs, such as rainfall or

snowmelt.

Values of 20-200 mg/L are

common in freshwater systems;

lakes below 10 mg/L are

susceptible to acidification.

Calcium

(mg/L)

The most commonly found substance in water,

normally from bedrock leaching and effluent

discharge. An important element for aquatic life

and for pH buffering in lakes. It is the main

component causing water hardness.

High amounts can cause algae

problems and water hardness. Low

amounts can cause corrosion,

water softness, and affect species

diversity.

Water is considered hard at

levels above 120 mg/L and soft

below 60 mg/L. Muskoka,

being on the Canadian Shield,

has extremely soft water.

Chloride

(mg/L)

A salt compound that results from the combination

of chlorine gas and a metal. Small amounts are

required for normal cell functions in plant and

animal life. Sources include rock, agricultural

runoff, industrial wastewater and sewage

treatment effluent.

Chloride ion (Cl-) in lake water is

considered an indicator of human

activity.

High levels (>250 mg/L) affect

fish and aquatic communities.

Colour

(TCU)

A shade or tint imparted to water that is often

caused by organic materials created when

vegetation decays. Lakes with high DOC tend to

have more colour.

Dissolved mineral matter, such as

iron and manganese, may also

produce colour.

Aesthetic objective in drinking

water is 5 TCU. Lakes naturally

range from 0-300 TCU.

Conductivity

(S/cm)

The ability of water to pass an electric current. It

indicates the physical presence of dissolved salts

(ions) in the water, such as chloride, sulphate,

phosphate, sodium, magnesium, calcium, iron and

aluminum. Pure water has low conductivity.

The higher the conductivity, the

more dissolved solids are in the

water. Conductivity increases with

increasing temperature.

Natural waters tend to be

between 50-1500 S/cm.

Dissolved

Organic

Carbon (DOC)

(mg/L)

The most abundant element found in all organisms.

In aquatic environments, organic carbon is

produced by plant photosynthesis and bacterial

growth. Leaching of humic substances and

decomposition of plants and animals are other

natural sources.

Water high in DOC tends to be

more tea-coloured. In addition to

natural sources, human-related

sources of DOC include

agricultural runoff and municipal

and industrial effluents.


water is 5 mg/L. Values above

7 mg/L are considered high for

recreational use.

Sodium

(mg/L)

A highly soluble metal found everywhere in the

water environment. Major sources include road

salt, agricultural runoff, geological formations and

water softeners.

High levels can cause algae

problems and can be toxic to

aquatic life.


water is 200 mg/L. Levels over

20 mg/L may affect people on

sodium-reduced diets.

Nitrate (NO3)

(g/L)

Nitrate is the primary form of nitrogen used by

plants as a nutrient to stimulate growth.

Elevated levels may indicate

pollution from sewage or

agricultural runoff and can lead to

increased algal growth and

eutrophication.

Natural levels in surface water

are typically less than 1 mg/L

(1000 g/L). Drinking water

objective is a maximum of 10

mg/L.

Total Kjeldahl

Nitrogen (TKN)

(g/L)

A measure of both ammonia and organic forms of

nitrogen. Major sources include sewage treatment

plant effluent, agricultural runoff and

development.

Excessive amounts contribute to

eutrophication of lakes creating

algal blooms that can negatively

impact aquatic life.

Lakes with high TKN values and

high TP values may be prone

to excessive algae growth.

pH

A measure of the hydrogen ion concentration in

water, on a scale of 1 to 14 with 7 being neutral.

The lower the pH of water, the more acidic it is.

Extreme changes in pH impair the reproduction of

aquatic life and species diversity.

The distribution of aquatic

organisms and the toxicity of some

common pollutants are strongly

affected by pH.

Provincial water quality

objective is between 6.5 and

8.5. pH values below 5 and

above 9 are harmful to

organisms.

Sulphate

(mg/L)

Sulphate is natural in many minerals but is often

derived from acidic deposition (acid rain). High

amounts that exceed the buffering capacity of a

lake can reduce the pH.

High levels can reduce the pH in a

lake by increasing the acidity

levels.

Drinking water standard is 500

mg/L.


Year End Report

15

2) Secchi depth measurements

Secchi depth is a measurement of water clarity. In Muskoka, the major determinant of water

clarity may be either natural colour, determined by dissolved organic carbon (DOC)

content, or an increase in nutrient input from the surrounding watershed.

A lake may naturally be a brown colour due to high levels of DOC that come from the

wetlands in a watershed. DOC colours lakes brown and reduces water clarity, but is not an

indication of nutrient enrichment. Examples of lakes with naturally high DOC content include

Brandy Lake and Fawn Lake.

Water clarity can also decrease as nutrients from the surrounding watershed enter and

enrich the lake, resulting in high levels of suspended sediments or algal growth.

Water clarity can change weekly or yearly as a result of weather, length of winter ice cover,

shoreline development, natural seasonal trends or other impacts. However, when the

primary determinant of water clarity is a function of nutrient enrichment, a long-term trend

that indicates a reduction in water clarity is an indication of reduced water quality.

a) Sampling method

Secchi depth readings were taken once in May and once in August for each lake.

Readings were obtained over the deepest part of the lake by lowering the Secchi disc

into the water until it disappeared (value A). The disc was then raised until it reappeared

(value B). The average of the two values is the Secchi depth reading [(A+B) 2].

b) Secchi depth measurement results

Figure 3 summarizes the Secchi depth measurements for 2017.

In general, where a lake is not coloured by DOC, the higher the Secchi depth reading,

the clearer the lake and the less nutrients it contains. Lakes with Secchi depth

measurements over five metres are considered oligotrophic or unenriched. Those with a

Secchi depth measurement between three and five metres are termed mesotrophic or

moderately enriched, while lakes with a Secchi depth measurement below three metres

are called eutrophic and are considered enriched. Refer to Appendix 2 for general

characteristics of oligotrophic, mesotrophic, and eutrophic lakes.

In some instances in shallow lakes, Secchi depth measurements may be limited by the

depth of the lake, resulting in a low Secchi depth reading even though the lake is low in

DOC and otherwise clear.

In Georgian Bay, where Zebra mussels and Quagga mussels feed on the phytoplankton,

nutrients are transferred from deeper water to the shoreline area resulting in a high

density of shoreline aquatic vegetation and high Secchi depth readings in deeper water.

In this situation, Secchi depth readings do not provide a true indication of the trophic

status of the waterbody.


Year End Report

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Year End Report

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Year End Report

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3) Temperature and dissolved oxygen measurements

Temperature is a measure of the intensity of heat stored in a volume of water. Temperature

patterns affect the solubility of many chemical compounds and influences the effects of

pollution on aquatic life.

Dissolved oxygen is a measure of the concentration of oxygen dissolved in water. Adequate

concentrations of dissolved oxygen are necessary for the survival of fish and other aquatic

organisms. Dissolved oxygen concentration is an indicator of a lake’s ability to support

aquatic life.

Dissolved oxygen levels above 5 milligrams per litre (mg/L) are considered optimal for most

aquatic organisms. Most fish cannot survive if levels fall below 3 mg/L. For coldwater species,

such as Lake trout, a minimum of 6 mg/L is needed, along with a temperature below 10 C.

Lakes with dissolved oxygen readings below 0.5 mg/L are considered anoxic.

a) Sampling method

Temperature and dissolved oxygen readings were taken once in May and once in

August for each lake. Readings were taken with a dissolved oxygen metre (YSI ProODO

Optical DO Meter) with the first reading at 0.5 metres from the surface, the second at 1

metre, and continuing down in one-metre increments to a depth of 10 metres. Readings

were then taken in two metre increments to within one metre of the bottom.

b) Temperature and dissolved oxygen measurement results

The combination of thermal stratification and biological activity causes characteristic

patterns in water chemistry. In the summer, deep lakes stratify with warm water on top

and cold water below. Because cold water is more dense than warm water, these two

layers do not mix and atmospheric oxygen cannot reach the bottom layer.

In general, the dissolved oxygen concentration

in the epilimnion (top layer of water in a lake)

remains high throughout the summer because

of photosynthesis, which produces oxygen, and

diffusion of oxygen from the atmosphere.

Conditions in the hypolimnion (the bottom layer

of water in a lake) vary with trophic status (see

Appendix 2 for characteristics of trophic levels).

In these deep regions of the lake, dissolved

oxygen declines during the summer because

organisms continue to consume oxygen. In

some lakes, the bottom layer may eventually

become anoxic (totally devoid of oxygen).

Lakes that are less than nine meters deep are generally too shallow to stratify and remain

mixed all year. Smaller lakes that are less than twenty meters deep, like Golden City

Lake, tend to go anoxic at the bottom of the lake naturally at the end of the summer

because the hypolimnion is not large enough to store the oxygen required to support a

full season of natural processes. The plant and animal life in these lakes have adapted to

this annual variation in available oxygen.


Year End Report

19

In oligotrophic lakes, low plant growth and increased water clarity allows deeper light

penetration. Algae are able to grow deeper in the water column and less oxygen is

consumed by decomposition.

Figure 4: Typical temperature and dissolved oxygen profiles for eutrophic and oligotrophic lakes

throughout the year (adapted from Figure 8-1 in Wetzel, R.G. 1975. Limnology. W.B. Saunders Company).

The following is an example of temperature and dissolved oxygen profiles for one site

monitored in 2017. Temperature and dissolved oxygen profiles for each lake monitored in

2017 are available on the Muskoka Water Web at www.muskokawaterweb.ca or in the

2017 Lake System Health Monitoring Program Data Report.

Lake of Bays – South Muskoka River Bay



Year End Report

20

It is evident from the profiles on the previous page that there is ample dissolved oxygen in

May with about 12 mg/L. The temperature is around 5 C throughout the water column.

By August, the water temperature at the surface has risen to 22 C and drops sharply to 7

C at a depth of approximately 10 meters. This is called the thermocline. Below the

thermocline, dissolved oxygen concentration increases slightly with the decrease in

temperature because cold water holds more oxygen than warm water. The oxygen

concentration below the thermocline is approximately 9 mg/L, making this lake a healthy

lake for coldwater fish species such as Lake trout.

Figure 5: Example of a 2017 Lake Data Sheet.

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Muskoka BayMuskoka BayMuskoka BayMuskoka BayMuskoka BayMuskoka BayMuskoka BayMuskoka BayMuskoka BayMuskoka BayMuskoka BayMuskoka BayMuskoka BayMuskoka BayMuskoka BayMuskoka BayMuskoka BayMuskoka BayMuskoka BayMuskoka BayMuskoka BayMuskoka BayMuskoka BayMuskoka BayMuskoka BayMuskoka BayMuskoka BayMuskoka BayMuskoka BayMuskoka BayMuskoka BayMuskoka BayMuskoka BayMuskoka BayMuskoka BayMuskoka BayMuskoka BayMuskoka BayMuskoka BayMuskoka BayMuskoka BayMuskoka BayMuskoka BayMuskoka BayMuskoka BayMuskoka BayMuskoka BayMuskoka BayMuskoka Bay

Brackenrig BayBrackenrig BayBrackenrig BayBrackenrig BayBrackenrig BayBrackenrig BayBrackenrig BayBrackenrig BayBrackenrig BayBrackenrig BayBrackenrig BayBrackenrig BayBrackenrig BayBrackenrig BayBrackenrig BayBrackenrig BayBrackenrig BayBrackenrig BayBrackenrig BayBrackenrig BayBrackenrig BayBrackenrig BayBrackenrig BayBrackenrig BayBrackenrig BayBrackenrig BayBrackenrig BayBrackenrig BayBrackenrig BayBrackenrig BayBrackenrig BayBrackenrig BayBrackenrig BayBrackenrig BayBrackenrig BayBrackenrig BayBrackenrig BayBrackenrig BayBrackenrig BayBrackenrig BayBrackenrig BayBrackenrig BayBrackenrig BayBrackenrig BayBrackenrig BayBrackenrig BayBrackenrig BayBrackenrig BayBrackenrig Bay

Baxter LkBaxter LkBaxter LkBaxter LkBaxter LkBaxter LkBaxter LkBaxter LkBaxter LkBaxter LkBaxter LkBaxter LkBaxter LkBaxter LkBaxter LkBaxter LkBaxter LkBaxter LkBaxter LkBaxter LkBaxter LkBaxter LkBaxter LkBaxter LkBaxter LkBaxter LkBaxter LkBaxter LkBaxter LkBaxter LkBaxter LkBaxter LkBaxter LkBaxter LkBaxter LkBaxter LkBaxter LkBaxter LkBaxter LkBaxter LkBaxter LkBaxter LkBaxter LkBaxter LkBaxter LkBaxter LkBaxter LkBaxter LkBaxter Lk

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Wood LkWood LkWood LkWood LkWood LkWood LkWood LkWood LkWood LkWood LkWood LkWood LkWood LkWood LkWood LkWood LkWood LkWood LkWood LkWood LkWood LkWood LkWood LkWood LkWood LkWood LkWood LkWood LkWood LkWood LkWood LkWood LkWood LkWood LkWood LkWood LkWood LkWood LkWood LkWood LkWood LkWood LkWood LkWood LkWood LkWood LkWood LkWood LkWood Lk


Peninsula LkPeninsula LkPeninsula LkPeninsula LkPeninsula LkPeninsula LkPeninsula LkPeninsula LkPeninsula LkPeninsula LkPeninsula LkPeninsula LkPeninsula LkPeninsula LkPeninsula LkPeninsula LkPeninsula LkPeninsula LkPeninsula LkPeninsula LkPeninsula LkPeninsula LkPeninsula LkPeninsula LkPeninsula LkPeninsula LkPeninsula LkPeninsula LkPeninsula LkPeninsula LkPeninsula LkPeninsula LkPeninsula LkPeninsula LkPeninsula LkPeninsula LkPeninsula LkPeninsula LkPeninsula LkPeninsula LkPeninsula LkPeninsula LkPeninsula LkPeninsula LkPeninsula LkPeninsula LkPeninsula LkPeninsula LkPeninsula Lk

Lake VernonLake VernonLake VernonLake VernonLake VernonLake VernonLake VernonLake VernonLake VernonLake VernonLake VernonLake VernonLake VernonLake VernonLake VernonLake VernonLake VernonLake VernonLake VernonLake VernonLake VernonLake VernonLake VernonLake VernonLake VernonLake VernonLake VernonLake VernonLake VernonLake VernonLake VernonLake VernonLake VernonLake VernonLake VernonLake VernonLake VernonLake VernonLake VernonLake VernonLake VernonLake VernonLake VernonLake VernonLake VernonLake VernonLake VernonLake VernonLake Vernon

The information contained herein may be erroneous, inaccurate or misleading.

The parties compiling and/or disclosing the information make no warranties

whatsoever as to the accuracy of any or all of the information contained herein.

Any party relying on this information does so at their own risk and shall not,

under any circumstances, make any claim against anyone on the grounds

that the information was erroneous, inaccurate or misleading.

The Ontario Road Network Database is the property of the Government of Ontario

and is used under licence from the Government of Ontario.

Produced by the District of Muskoka under licence from

Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Copyright (c) Queens Printer 2017.

INCLUDES MATERIAL © 2017 OF THE QUEEN’S PRINTER FOR ONTARIO.

ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

This road network information has been generated or adapted from Ontario Road

Network Database, a database built from source data provided by the Municipalities

of Ontario to the Government of Ontario under licence.

P:\WATER\WATQUAL\Monitoring Program\2017\Report Maps\MONITORED LAKES 2017 Other 11x17.WOR

Shoreline Land Use Survey

Love Your Lake

Benthic Monitoring


Year End Report

22

4) Shoreline land use surveys

Shoreline land use surveys started in the summer of 2002 to collect data on shoreline

vegetation, shoreline structures and the first 20 meters of land around a water body.

See Appendix 4 for a list of waterbodies with completed shoreline land use surveys. In 2017,

one lake was surveyed and four waterbodies originally surveyed between 2006 and 2007

were resurveyed.

a) Survey method

One lake was surveyed and four waterbodies were resurveyed in 2017 (see Table 1 and

Figure 6). Field data were collected and entered into a database and graphically

mapped using MapInfo Professional.

b) Shoreline land use survey results

Figure 7 is an example of a completed shoreline land use survey map.

Table 4 is a summary of the results of the land use survey for one of the lakes surveyed in

2017. Summaries for these areas are available in the 2017 Lake System Health Water

Quality Monitoring Program Data Report. Completed maps are available from the

Muskoka Water Web site at www.muskokawaterweb.ca.

Table 4: Summary of land use survey data for Oudaze Lake in Huntsville.

Shoreline Backlot Structures

Type Length (m) Percent Type Area (m2) Percent Type Count

Beach 47.14 0.88 Mixed Forest 23,253.07 22.29 Crib Dock 6

Beaver Lodge 15.13 0.28 Thinned Forest 26,689.47 25.59 Floating Dock 6

Rock 250.95 4.67 Overgrowth 27,317.71 26.19 Pole Dock 18

Shrub 4,118.14 76.56 Shrub 464.38 0.45 Bridge 1

Man-made Beach 107.15 1.99 Road 5,687.00 5.45 Deck 4

Marine Railway 32.30 0.60 Landscaped Yard 929.49 0.89 Shed 5

Concrete Ramp 7.86 0.15 Buffered Lawn 11,898.31 11.41 Sleeping Cabin 3

Other Ramp 5.51 0.10 Unbuffered Lawn 8,067.14 7.73

Stone Ramp 103.96 1.93

Stone Wall 646.45 12.02

Wood Wall 23.07 0.43

Unbuffered Lawn 21.07 0.39

Total 5,378.73 100.00 Total 104,306.57 100.00 Total 43

Natural 4,431.36 82.39 Natural 51,035.16 48.93

Altered 947.37 17.61 Altered 53,271.41 51.07



Year End Report

23

Figure 7: Shoreline survey map for Oudaze Lake in Huntsville.


Year End Report

24

5) Love Your Lake Program

Love Your Lake (LYL) is a program developed by Watersheds Canada (WC) and the

Canadian Wildlife Federation (CWF) being carried out in several areas of Ontario, including

Muskoka. Each of the areas has a local delivery agent to oversee the program, with

resources, training, expertise and some funding provided by WC and CWF. In Muskoka, the

delivery agent is the Muskoka Watershed Council with the assistance of The District

Municipality of Muskoka through the Lake System Health program. Lake assessments are

conducted with the assistance of local lake associations and other community volunteers.

The core of the LYL program is an assessment of the shoreline quality of every property on a

lake followed by outreach to landowners with a personalized property report and

information package as well as suggested actions for shoreline enhancement.

a) Survey method

Shoreline assessments were carried out on four lakes in 2017 as identified in Table 1 and

Figure 6. In total, approximately 600 properties were assessed by Shoreline Technicians

using a standard evaluation protocol. The information was input into the LYL database in

order to generate custom property reports for each landowner and a Shoreline

Assessment Summary Report for each lake.

Custom property reports for each landowner on Three Mile

Lake in Muskoka Lakes became available in spring 2017 from

data collected through shoreline assessments conducted in

2016. The Shoreline Assessment Summary Report was provided

to the Three Mile Lake Association this summer, which

summarizes the information on shoreline classifications,

development, runoff, invasive species, habitat and

recommendations and restoration opportunities, and provides

a baseline to compare future surveys to. It can also be used

by the lake association and other partners to determine

opportunities for restoration, education and stewardship on a

lake wide level.

b) Shoreline Renaturalization Program

A subsidized shoreline renaturalization

program was carried out as part of the

Love Your Lake Program through funding

from Fisheries and Oceans Canada’s

Recreational Fisheries Conservation

Partnerships Program. The program was

carried out on individual waterfront

properties in order to reduce the

negative impacts on fish habitat from

runoff, erosion, vegetation removal, and

nutrient loading. Three properties on

Three Mile Lake were renaturalized in

2017.


Year End Report

25

6) Biological Monitoring Program

In 2003 Muskoka’s existing monitoring program was enhanced with a volunteer biological

monitoring program. The Biological Monitoring Technician provided training for lake

volunteers and developed a program of ongoing support to meet the needs of individual

associations.

The 2017 biological monitoring program focused on the Ontario Benthos Biomonitoring

Network (OBBN) benthic monitoring protocol, which supplements existing lake monitoring

and shoreline land use data.

a) Benthic macro-invertebrate sampling method

The benthic macro-invertebrate sampling protocol required the collection and

classification of macro-invertebrates from a variety of developed and undeveloped sites

of the near shore environment. The program follows the standard protocol for benthic

analysis developed by the Ontario Benthos Biomonitoring Network (OBBN), spearheaded

by the Ministry of the Environment and Climate Change through the Dorset

Environmental Science Centre.

The Kick and Sweep method was used to collect samples and the Teaspoon method

was the sub-sampling method used to collect organisms from within the sample.

b) Benthic macro-invertebrate sampling results

In 2017, benthic sampling occurred at 26 sites on 24 lakes and 1 river across Muskoka.

See Table 1 for a list and Figure 6 for a map of the areas involved in the 2017 benthic

macro-invertebrate sampling program.

Aquatic Invertebrate Data Sheets for each site sampled in 2017 are available in the 2017

Lake System Health Water Quality Monitoring Program Data Report. They can also be

accessed on the Muskoka Water Web site at www.muskokawaterweb.ca. Figure 8 is an

example of an Aquatic Invertebrate Data Sheet.

c) Education programs

Hands-on workshops and presentations to youth are an important component of the

Biological Monitoring Program. The most requested program is the “Bugs in the Mud”

presentation, which allows participants to learn about why benthic macroinvertebrates

are monitored, how to identify the critters found in Muskoka’s lakes, and provides the

opportunity to process a water sample themselves.

Stewardship programs were presented to over 800 youths at several venues throughout

the year, including:

TLDSB school groups Community groups

Private school groups Muskoka Family Focus event

Montessori school groups HMK Children’s Water Festival

Muskoka Discovery Centre Summer camps

Lake Association events



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Figure 8: Example of an Aquatic Invertebrate Data Sheet


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27

7) Invasive Species Outreach Program

In 2017, to help address the threat of invasive species on Muskoka’s ecosystems, MWC and

DMM recruited an Invading Species “Hit Squad” member through the OFAH’s Invading

Species Awareness Program to help raise awareness of invasive species in Muskoka.

Invasive species are plants, animals, and

micro-organisms introduced by human action

outside their natural past or present distribution

whose introduction or spread threatens the

environment, the economy, or society,

including human health3. In 1992, the Ontario

Federation of Anglers and Hunters, in

partnership with the Ontario Ministry of Natural

Resources and Forestry, established the

Invading Species Awareness Program in order

to address the increasing threats posed by

invasive species in Ontario.

The Invading Species “Hit Squad” is a team of

students, funded through the Canada Summer

Jobs Program, who deliver on the ground,

community-based invasive species education,

awareness and monitoring initiatives. The team

member based in Muskoka focussed on

attending community events and encouraging

Muskokans to identify and report invasive

species to EDDMapS Ontario. The students also

conducted site visits and gave presentations,

upon request.

Planning Policy

1) Water Quality Model Review

A review of the District’s Recreational Water Quality Model has been completed. This review

addressed recent changes in the existing provincial approach and the related scientific

background to the model since its last update was completed in 2005.

The results of the review have led to proposed changes to planning policy. Learn more

about these proposed changes at http://www.muskoka.on.ca/en/work-and-invest/Water-

Quality-Model-and-Policy-Review.aspx.

3 “An Invasive Alien Species Strategy for Canada”, Government of Canada, 2004.

http://www.muskoka.on.ca/en/work-and-invest/Water-Quality-Model-and-Policy-Review.aspx

http://www.muskoka.on.ca/en/work-and-invest/Water-Quality-Model-and-Policy-Review.aspx


Year End Report

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APPENDIX 1: 2017 phosphorus sampling and Secchi depth measurement results

Lake Name Ave TP

(µg/L)

Ave

Secchi

(m)

Lake Name Ave TP

(µg/L)

Ave

Secchi

(m)

Ada 19.0 1.5

Longline 6.1 4.8

Axle 6.9 3.3

Mary 8.0 2.3

Barron's 19.1 1.3

Menominee 6.8 1.5

Bass (GR) 16.4 1.3

Moot 11.2 1.3

Bass (ML) 5.5 2.8

Morrison 9.6 2.3

Bigwind 5.7 3.8

Myers 8.9 2.5

Brandy 14.2 0.8

Neilson 10.3 1.8

Brooks 8.9 2.8

Nine Mile 9.4 2.0

Bruce 11.5 3.5

North Muldrew 6.2 2.0

Buck (HT) 10.2 1.3

Oudaze 7.8 2.5

Buck (LOB) 5.1 5.0

Oxbow 5.9 3.0

Butterfly 7.7 3.0

Paint 6.2 2.5

Cardwell 7.9 2.0

Pell 7.8 2.0

Chub (HT) 7.6 2.5

Penfold 12.5 1.3

Chub (LOB) 8.0 1.8

Pine (BR) 7.5 3.3

Cognashene Bay 4.0 4.5

Prospect 8.6 2.5

Cornall 7.2 2.0

Rosseau - Brackenrig Bay 11.5 2.8

Crosson 6.9 1.8

Rosseau - East Portage Bay 5.2 4.5

Dark 6.2 3.5

Rosseau - Main 4.2 5.0

Deer 5.6 4.0

Rosseau - North 4.9 4.3

Devine 8.2 1.8

Rosseau - Skeleton Bay 5.4 3.8

Fawn 11.7 1.0

Silver (GR) 8.3 2.5

Flatrock 6.1 3.0

Silver (ML) 7.0 4.8

Foote 8.3 2.0

Six Mile - Cedar Nook Bay 7.8 3.3

Gilleach 7.9 2.8

Six Mile - Main 6.2 5.0

Go Home Bay 5.3 3.3

Six Mile - Provincial Park Bay 6.5 3.8

Grandview 3.9 7.3

Sixteen Mile 6.3 3.5

Grindstone 4.6 3.5

Solitaire 4.9 5.5

Gull 4.9 2.5

South Muldrew 5.9 2.8

Hardup 6.4 3.0

South Nelson 7.6 2.3

Kahshe - Grant's Bay 9.9 1.8

Stewart 4.8 3.0

Kahshe - Main 8.7 1.8

Stoneleigh 9.3 1.3

Lake of Bays - Dwight Bay 4.6 3.5

Tackaberry 4.0 4.0

Lake of Bays - Haystack Bay 3.6 4.8

Tasso 4.2 4.3

Lake of Bays - Rat Bay 7.4 3.0

Three Mile (GR) 5.9 3.3

Lake of Bays - S Muskoka River Bay 5.1 4.8

Three Mile (ML) - Hammel's Bay 15.4 1.8

Lake of Bays - South Portage Bay 5.0 3.3

Three Mile (ML) - Main 19.0 1.0

Lake of Bays - Ten Mile Bay 4.0 4.0

Turtle 6.1 3.3

Lake of Bays - Trading Bay 3.8 4.3

Wah Wah Taysee 2.6 7.9

Leonard 5.9 3.0

Waseosa 6.6 3.0

Little Go-Home Bay 7.6 4.8

Webster 20.0 1.0

Long's 8.8 1.5

Wood 6.2 3.0

BR (Bracebridge) GR (Gravenhurst) HT (Huntsville) LOB (Lake of Bays) ML (Muskoka Lakes)


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APPENDIX 2: Trophic state of lakes

The trophic state of a lake is one method of classifying lakes by water quality. There are three

broad categories of trophic states: Oligotrophic, Mesotrophic, and Eutrophic. Lakes are

categorized based on their nutrient levels and water clarity.

Lakes naturally age, with oligotrophic lakes gradually changing to mesotrophic and then

eutrophic lakes over geologic time. Allowing nutrients into the lakes through agriculture,

fertilizers, street runoff, effluent discharge, and storm drains can speed up this process.

Trophic Level

Phosphorus

Concentration

(g/L)

Secchi Disc

Measurement

(m)

Characteristics

Oligotrophic <10 >5

Are generally clear, deep, and free of

weeds and large algae blooms

Are low in nutrients, have low primary

production, and do not support large fish

populations

May support Lake trout

Watershed usually contains few wetlands

Mesotrophic 11 – 20 3 - 4.9

Have more nutrients and production than

an oligotrophic lake, but not as much as a

eutrophic lake

Have some aquatic vegetation and

wetland areas that support a wide variety

of wildlife

Are able to support a wide variety of fish,

e.g. bass

Eutrophic >21 <2.9

Are the most productive lakes and tend to

be shallow

Normally have larger areas of aquatic

vegetation

Generally have large wetland areas in their

watersheds

May be subject to algae blooms

Support large fish populations, with rough

fish being common

Are susceptible to oxygen depletion in the

hypolimnion


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APPENDIX 3: 2017 Lake Survey Deck Sheet

Lake: _______________________________________ Date: _______________________

Municipality: ________________________________ Time: _______________________

Weather: Sunny Cloudy Raining Windy Temp: ___

Sample Number: ____ Secchi Depth: ____ _____________ ___

Secchi Colour: Brown Green Composite Depth: ________________

Depth Temp DO Depth Temp DO

0.5 26

1 28

2 30

3 32

4 34

5 36

6 38

7 40

8 42

9 44

10 46

12 48

14 50

16 52

18 54

20 56

22 58

24 60

Technicians: ___________________________ Equipment: YSI ProODO Other

Notes: i.e.: Directions, Access, or any problems encountered…

_____________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________


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APPENDIX 4: Lakes with completed shoreline land use surveys

Waterbody Municipality Year

Ada Lake Muskoka Lakes 2015

Barron’s Lake Georgian Bay 2015

Bass Lake Gravenhurst 2015

Baxter Lake Georgian Bay 2006, Updated 2017

Bella Lake Lake of Bays 2002, Updated 2013

Bird Lake Bracebridge 2007

Brandy Lake Muskoka Lakes 2002, Updated 2013

Brooks Lake Lake of Bays 2011

Bruce Lake Muskoka Lakes 2005, Updated 2015

Cardwell Lake Muskoka Lakes 2012

Clear Lake Bracebridge 2012

Clear Lake Muskoka Lakes 2010

Clearwater Lake Gravenhurst 2007

Clearwater Lake Huntsville 2007

Dark Lake Muskoka Lakes 2007

Dotty Lake Lake of Bays 2012

Flatrock Lake Georgian Bay 2011

Fox Lake Huntsville 2003, Updated 2013

Go Home Lake Georgian Bay 2007

Grindstone Lake Lake of Bays 2012

Gull Lake Gravenhurst 2006

High Lake Muskoka Lakes 2011

Lake Joseph Muskoka Lakes 2007/2008/2009

Joseph River Muskoka Lakes 2010

Kahshe Lake Gravenhurst 2015

Leech Lake Bracebridge 2006

Leonard Lake Muskoka Lakes 2006, Updated 2017

Little Long (Rutter) Lake Muskoka Lakes 2010

Long (Bala) Lake Muskoka Lakes 2006

Long’s (Utterson) Lake Huntsville 2006

Longline Lake Lake of Bays 2007

Loon Lake Gravenhurst 2004, Updated 2014

Mary Lake Huntsville 2008

McKay Lake Bracebridge 2006


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Waterbody Municipality Year

Medora Lake Muskoka Lakes 2010

Lake Menominee Lake of Bays 2015

Mirror Lake Muskoka Lakes 2011

Moon River – Bala Reach Muskoka Lakes 2009

Muldrew Lake (North & South) Gravenhurst 2003, Updated 2014

Lake Muskoka – Muskoka Bay Gravenhurst 2007, Updated 2017

Muskoka River (confluence to mouth) Bracebridge 2003, Updated 2015

Myers (Butterfly) Lake Georgian Bay 2011

Nutt Lake Muskoka Lakes 2006

Otter Lake Huntsville 2015

Oudaze Lake Huntsville 2017

Paint (St. Mary) Lake Lake of Bays 2005

Pell Lake Lake of Bays 2006

Pine Lake Bracebridge 2005, Updated 2015

Prospect Lake Bracebridge 2012

Rebecca Lake Lake of Bays 2002, Updated 2014

Ril Lake Lake of Bays 2004, Updated 2014

Riley Lake Gravenhurst 2002, Updated 2014

Lake Rosseau – Brackenrig Bay Muskoka Lakes 2007, Updated 2017

Lake Rosseau – East Portage Bay Muskoka Lakes 2011

Silver Lake Muskoka Lakes 2006

Six Mile Lake Georgian Bay 2005, Updated 2014

Skeleton Lake Muskoka Lakes/Huntsville 2012

South Bay Georgian Bay 2003, Updated 2015

Spring Lake Bracebridge 2006

Stewart Lake Muskoka Lakes 2010

Sunny Lake Gravenhurst 2012

Three Mile Lake Muskoka Lakes 2004, Updated 2006, 2015

Tooke Lake Lake of Bays 2006

Turtle Lake Gravenhurst 2004, Updated 2014

Twelve Mile Bay Georgian Bay 2004, Updated 2014

Lake Vernon Huntsville 2002, Updated 2012

Walker Lake Lake of Bays 2006

Lake Waseosa Huntsville 2002, Updated 2014

Wood Lake Bracebridge 2006


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APPENDIX 5: Table of 2017 chemical data for select parameters

Lake Name Date Alkalinity Calcium Chloride Colour Conductivity DOC Sodium NO3 TKN

pH Sulphate

(dd-mm-yyyy) mg/L mg/L mg/L TCU µS/cm mg/L mg/L µg/L µg/L mg/L

Ada 10-05-17 11.60 5.50 35.80 44.5 159.0 6.1 18.70 50 518 6.90 2.65

Axle 08-05-17 1.60 0.98 0.91 22.8 14.3 3.7 0.82 74 222 5.95 2.00

Barron's 05-06-17 19.20 5.82 29.80 92.1 150.5 10.0 20.90 14 525 7.09 2.55

Bass (GR) 17-05-17 5.12 2.12 2.03 73.5 25.9 7.1 1.88 4 382 6.51 2.35

Bass (ML) 10-05-17 4.73 2.28 4.74 35.3 36.6 4.7 3.30 62 224 6.64 2.70

Bigwind 04-05-17 2.42 1.72 0.52 22.8 19.6 3.4 0.77 58 202 6.40 3.10

Brandy 30-05-17 8.42 3.64 5.67 123.0 46.5 11.7 4.22 12 459 6.75 2.00

Brooks 19-05-17 7.59 2.76 0.35 16.7 27.9 4.2 0.84 34 306 6.91 3.55

Bruce 15-05-17 10.70 3.74 4.09 20.9 46.3 3.8 2.86 74 261 6.99 3.10

Buck (HT) 29-05-17 2.34 1.58 0.48 94.2 17.3 8.6 0.79 36 385 6.00 2.55

Buck (LOB) 23-05-17 4.60 2.06 0.33 12.4 21.3 2.8 0.72 56 231 6.70 3.30

Butterfly 10-05-17 9.88 4.14 20.60 35.9 105.0 4.7 13.40 102 270 6.92 3.40

Cardwell 09-05-17 1.23 1.24 0.21 53.6 14.1 5.6 0.50 110 236 5.85 2.40

Chub (HT) 09-05-17 6.16 2.34 1.66 37.5 27.4 5.0 1.38 6 263 6.74 2.60

Chub (LOB) 18-05-17 1.74 1.28 0.27 50.1 14.9 5.7 0.62 2 267 6.11 2.70

Cognashene Bay 08-06-17 42.70 15.00 11.40 18.5 144.5 4.5 7.09 176 178 7.64 8.10

Cornall 16-05-17 7.64 3.80 45.40 48.0 181.0 5.7 22.40 22 316 6.74 2.05

Crosson 15-05-17 1.26 1.14 0.21 45.2 13.6 4.9 0.54 1 298 5.97 2.65

Dark 31-05-17 8.63 3.40 6.61 19.1 52.7 4.2 4.49 48 217 7.25 3.60

Deer 02-06-17 3.74 1.50 0.79 10.0 17.9 3.2 0.85 20 177 6.63 2.20

Devine 25-05-17 2.89 1.56 0.53 54.4 17.2 5.8 0.83 12 281 6.35 2.40

Fawn 25-05-17 3.05 1.72 1.08 88.6 19.1 7.6 1.08 26 341 6.17 2.20

Flatrock 05-06-17 5.98 3.02 6.82 24.5 50.1 3.9 4.59 150 166 6.75 3.65

Foote 29-05-17 2.60 1.78 0.54 59.8 19.4 6.7 0.81 42 381 6.53 2.60

Gilleach 25-05-17 1.51 1.32 0.26 50.3 12.8 5.4 0.52 6 287 6.07 2.10

Go Home Bay 08-06-17 30.20 11.20 7.24 31.0 103.5 5.1 4.53 130 203 7.45 6.65

Grandview 24-05-17 9.87 4.46 13.70 5.5 81.6 2.0 7.83 24 210 7.01 4.20

Grindstone 18-05-17 3.36 2.24 21.00 26.5 90.0 4.4 12.70 44 208 6.32 2.90

Gull 16-05-17 11.70 5.02 19.20 23.7 104.0 3.8 12.60 84 224 7.03 3.25

Hardup 23-05-17 3.58 1.88 0.24 18.4 19.3 3.1 0.66 48 239 6.64 3.00

Kahshe - Grant's Bay 06-06-17 5.08 1.98 1.64 54.5 24.0 6.0 1.42 6 301 6.56 2.25


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pH Sulphate


Kahshe - Main 06-06-17 4.33 2.04 1.63 54.5 24.6 6.3 1.48 6 289 6.61 2.20

LOB - Dwight Bay 26-05-17 3.13 1.86 2.58 31.1 28.6 4.2 2.08 122 222 6.48 3.35

LOB - Haystack Bay 26-05-17 4.83 2.34 2.83 14.0 33.1 3.0 2.23 98 217 6.77 3.70

LOB - Rat Bay 26-05-17 3.87 1.88 2.48 37.2 28.6 5.1 2.03 90 301 6.50 3.25

LOB - S Muskoka River Bay 17-05-17 4.19 2.24 3.03 15.7 33.0 3.1 2.39 134 158 6.68 3.60

LOB - South Portage Bay 26-05-17 4.31 2.00 2.64 25.7 30.4 4.2 2.12 110 231 6.63 3.45

LOB - Ten Mile Bay 26-05-17 4.24 2.16 2.73 16.1 31.4 3.0 2.05 102 213 6.72 3.60

LOB - Trading Bay 26-05-17 3.64 1.98 1.76 16.1 26.6 3.3 1.49 96 239 6.62 3.50

Leonard 31-05-17 3.67 2.18 5.20 32.6 37.9 5.3 3.77 18 255 6.58 3.05

Little Go-Home Bay 01-06-17 57.00 20.60 23.30 30.7 213.0 4.7 14.10 20 310 7.73 8.70

Longline 18-05-17 9.55 3.12 1.73 11.3 34.6 2.9 1.33 46 216 6.86 3.50

Long's 09-05-17 4.90 3.30 28.60 71.7 126.0 6.6 16.30 158 240 6.44 3.75

Mary 25-05-17 4.34 2.54 5.81 44.2 43.8 4.9 4.41 194 237 6.58 3.40

Menominee 08-05-17 2.39 2.02 9.12 66.3 48.9 7.4 5.73 64 280 6.12 2.45

Moot 05-05-17 0.97 1.00 0.19 62.6 11.5 5.9 0.45 30 288 5.77 1.75

Morrison 16-05-17 8.90 3.44 5.45 47.9 46.3 6.2 3.73 22 309 6.89 2.30

Myers 10-05-17 4.41 2.64 9.06 51.6 51.2 5.4 5.31 78 319 6.50 1.95

Neilson 31-05-17 1.48 0.82 0.21 56.2 10.6 6.0 0.44 6 277 6.13 1.25

Nine Mile 31-05-17 3.03 1.58 0.71 80.7 16.3 8.1 0.78 16 322 6.26 1.40

North Muldrew 02-06-17 7.94 3.44 6.97 48.3 49.7 6.2 4.31 22 252 6.83 2.20

Oudaze 29-05-17 4.45 2.34 1.17 48.0 27.4 6.3 1.36 2 370 6.81 3.40

Oxbow 19-05-17 3.24 1.70 0.60 28.6 20.3 4.7 0.88 120 208 6.48 3.15

Paint 18-05-17 5.96 2.86 4.26 26.6 40.7 3.5 2.96 42 210 6.76 3.80

Pell 19-05-17 1.93 1.42 1.75 46.8 20.7 6.1 1.35 52 308 6.01 2.75

Penfold 09-05-17 12.90 5.08 36.90 70.5 167.0 6.8 23.30 38 388 6.97 3.80

Pine (BR) 04-05-17 5.24 2.58 0.74 29.2 25.3 4.5 0.97 68 231 6.61 3.20

Prospect 04-05-17 2.96 2.06 9.34 38.4 50.8 4.6 6.39 80 236 6.38 2.60

Rosseau - Brackenrig Bay 11-05-17 8.55 3.70 5.79 26.8 51.5 3.9 4.13 54 250 6.90 3.75

Rosseau - East Portage Bay 11-05-17 7.69 3.60 6.41 18.2 52.4 3.5 4.39 168 172 6.88 3.80

Rosseau - Main 11-05-17 7.03 3.58 6.75 14.3 53.8 3.2 4.56 164 161 6.85 4.05

Rosseau - North 11-05-17 5.71 3.30 6.10 21.3 48.8 3.5 4.22 176 179 6.75 3.65

Rosseau - Skeleton Bay 11-05-17 7.36 3.48 5.90 17.0 49.5 2.7 4.15 202 165 6.84 4.05


Year End Report

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pH Sulphate


Silver (GR) 16-05-17 5.77 2.62 2.31 42.7 29.3 4.9 1.54 44 256 6.68 2.15

Silver (ML) 30-05-17 16.90 6.30 11.80 7.6 86.7 3.1 7.91 2 253 7.22 3.30

Six Mile - Cedar Nook Bay 01-06-17 34.00 12.70 11.70 30.3 127.0 4.8 6.78 4 294 7.54 5.60

Six Mile - Main 01-06-17 59.00 22.70 23.40 30.3 219.0 5.3 15.60 24 320 7.78 9.20

Six Mile - Provincial Park Bay 01-06-17 51.90 20.10 23.00 31.4 203.0 5.2 15.40 10 301 7.66 7.95

Sixteen Mile 24-05-17 3.43 1.80 0.23 24.1 18.9 3.6 0.63 82 226 6.60 2.75

Solitaire 23-05-17 4.47 2.12 0.57 8.0 22.4 2.1 0.75 52 185 6.75 3.50

South Muldrew 02-06-17 7.92 3.46 7.05 50.0 49.6 6.4 4.29 30 256 6.81 2.30

South Nelson 19-05-17 1.41 1.20 0.16 40.3 14.1 5.6 0.53 38 282 5.88 2.75

Stewart 10-05-17 17.60 8.74 23.30 40.0 134.0 5.8 13.00 114 261 7.15 4.55

Stoneleigh 08-05-17 1.76 1.32 0.45 72.2 14.6 7.6 0.68 64 290 5.88 2.00

Tackaberry 05-05-17 1.71 0.98 0.26 17.5 11.6 3.2 0.48 22 195 6.12 1.95

Tasso 19-05-17 2.36 1.50 0.46 17.6 17.6 3.3 0.70 126 195 6.35 3.00

Three Mile (GR) 17-05-17 4.70 1.70 0.73 19.9 18.6 3.6 0.89 2 231 6.68 2.00

Three Mile - Hammel's Bay 30-05-17 11.40 4.82 6.89 32.6 59.4 5.0 4.97 10 305 7.07 3.05

Three Mile - Main 30-05-17 10.50 4.28 10.90 49.0 70.2 5.8 7.61 8 311 6.89 3.10

Turtle 02-06-17 12.70 5.84 25.80 32.1 127.0 5.2 15.70 2 272 7.10 3.05

Wah Wah Taysee 08-06-17 59.20 20.10 8.36 8.5 170.0 2.6 4.92 216 136 7.74 11.30

Waseosa 29-05-17 4.74 2.28 1.35 34.2 27.2 4.3 1.34 22 365 6.77 3.55

Webster 05-06-17 14.10 5.42 31.60 115.0 150.0 11.3 21.80 10 447 6.94 3.90

Wood 04-05-17 3.83 2.30 5.49 29.3 39.7 3.8 3.61 80 228 6.52 3.35

BR (Bracebridge) GR (Gravenhurst) HT (Huntsville) LOB (Lake of Bays) ML (Muskoka Lakes)

lake water quality program components

Documents