Leadership Styles

Characteristics When Effective

When Ineffective

Examples

- absolute control by a political party- A theory or system where all economic activity is controlled by a political party- Leadership by a dictator who has complete power. They are usually aggressive and or racist

-When a goal must be accomplished by a set time- When all citizens/members agree to the policies set by the leaders- If leaders abide by the same rules set for their citizens

- If citizens/ members do not agree to the rules or policies- If leaders do not follow the same rules as expected by their citizens/members- If there is no time limit for a goal

- Countries belonging to the former Soviet Union, China, Cuba, North Korea

- Germany in the 1930s-1940s

Totalitarianism

Characteristics When Effective

When Ineffective

Examples

- Tells others what to do- limits discussion on ideas- Can be elected into power and is a less extreme form of totalitarianism - Decisions are made by a king or queen (monarch)

- Developing a strong sense of team is a goal- Group members or citizens have some degree of skill/ knowledge

- Time is limited in decision making- individuals/ group lack skill and knowledge- Group members/ citizens do not get along or are unable to co-operate

Autocratic

Democratic

Characteristics When Effective

When Ineffective

Examples

- Decisions are made by the majority- Power rests in the body of citizens and the head of government is not a king or queen (monarch)

- High degree of skill and motivation among group members- A sense of team exists- Routines are familiar to participants

- Low sense of team/ interdependence- Members have low degree of skill/ knowledge- Group expects to be told what to do

- Canada- U.S.A

Laissez-Faire

Characteristics When Effective

When Ineffective

Examples

- No group leader or recognized system of government

- A state of social disorder due to lack of government

- Time is available- Group is motivated and/or a sense of team exists- Members of the group have some degree of skill/knowledge

- Group is unmotivated - Members have little skill or knowledge- High degree of conflict is present

- Somalia

Theocratic

Characteristics When Effective

When Ineffective

Examples

- Leadership by the religion

- If all members possess the same understanding of the religion- values/ morals and ethics are the same for all members involved

- If religious rules and regulations are interpreted differently among citizens/ members- If values/ morals and ethics are different for citizens/ members

- Vatican City: Pope

Oligarchy

Characteristics When Effective

When Ineffective

Examples

A form of government in which all power is vested in a few persons or in a dominant class or clique

Government by the few

Emphasis is placed on procedures and values

Decisions can be made quickly because power lies with only a few individuals

Small group of persons enjoy a monopoly of political control

Ancient Greece