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Lecture 5 Map design

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Page 1: Lecture 5 Map design. Cartography Cartography is the art, science and technology of making maps together with their study as scientific documents and

Lecture 5

Map design

Page 2: Lecture 5 Map design. Cartography Cartography is the art, science and technology of making maps together with their study as scientific documents and

Cartography

Cartography is the art, science and technology of making maps together with their study as scientific documents and works of art - British Cartographic Society

The conception, the designing and the execution of the map – Robinson

Page 3: Lecture 5 Map design. Cartography Cartography is the art, science and technology of making maps together with their study as scientific documents and

Map process

Reality Cartographer Map (replace reality with symbols) Map reader

Page 4: Lecture 5 Map design. Cartography Cartography is the art, science and technology of making maps together with their study as scientific documents and

What is a map? Real things

Page 5: Lecture 5 Map design. Cartography Cartography is the art, science and technology of making maps together with their study as scientific documents and

Real things reduced to points, lines, or polygons

Page 6: Lecture 5 Map design. Cartography Cartography is the art, science and technology of making maps together with their study as scientific documents and

Drawn with symbols in different colors

Page 7: Lecture 5 Map design. Cartography Cartography is the art, science and technology of making maps together with their study as scientific documents and

Types of Map Reference

Location and position of features Roads State capitols Time zones

Thematic Single theme, topic, attribute

Population density Temperature variation Pickups per capita

Page 8: Lecture 5 Map design. Cartography Cartography is the art, science and technology of making maps together with their study as scientific documents and

Reference maps show locations

Page 9: Lecture 5 Map design. Cartography Cartography is the art, science and technology of making maps together with their study as scientific documents and

Thematic map show attributes

Page 10: Lecture 5 Map design. Cartography Cartography is the art, science and technology of making maps together with their study as scientific documents and

Colors and labels: Reference or Thematic?

Page 11: Lecture 5 Map design. Cartography Cartography is the art, science and technology of making maps together with their study as scientific documents and

Class or groups based on attribute value

Page 12: Lecture 5 Map design. Cartography Cartography is the art, science and technology of making maps together with their study as scientific documents and

Number of classes Eye sees up to 8

variations of one color Be careful

Page 13: Lecture 5 Map design. Cartography Cartography is the art, science and technology of making maps together with their study as scientific documents and

Classification methods

Equal Interval Equal range, 100-200, 200-300, 300-400 Some groups may not have objects in them

Natural groups Objects with similar values, make a group

Quantile Equal number of objects per group 5 groups, 50 states, 10 states per group

Manual

Page 14: Lecture 5 Map design. Cartography Cartography is the art, science and technology of making maps together with their study as scientific documents and

Break points Define highest number in class Which classification method?

Page 15: Lecture 5 Map design. Cartography Cartography is the art, science and technology of making maps together with their study as scientific documents and

Quantile Add break points Total number divided by number

of classes 58 California counties 5 classes 58/5 = 11 counties per class

Page 16: Lecture 5 Map design. Cartography Cartography is the art, science and technology of making maps together with their study as scientific documents and

Dot maps show density

Page 17: Lecture 5 Map design. Cartography Cartography is the art, science and technology of making maps together with their study as scientific documents and

Graduated symbols, bigger, more

Page 18: Lecture 5 Map design. Cartography Cartography is the art, science and technology of making maps together with their study as scientific documents and

Chart maps, piece size, reflects value

Page 19: Lecture 5 Map design. Cartography Cartography is the art, science and technology of making maps together with their study as scientific documents and

Pie size can be proportional

Page 20: Lecture 5 Map design. Cartography Cartography is the art, science and technology of making maps together with their study as scientific documents and

Thematic Map exercise

Page 21: Lecture 5 Map design. Cartography Cartography is the art, science and technology of making maps together with their study as scientific documents and

Parts of a mapNeat line

Legend

Scale Credits

North arrowInset

Ground

Figure

Title

Page 22: Lecture 5 Map design. Cartography Cartography is the art, science and technology of making maps together with their study as scientific documents and

Balance of map parts

Title Here

Title of my map Here

Which is balanced?

Page 23: Lecture 5 Map design. Cartography Cartography is the art, science and technology of making maps together with their study as scientific documents and

Hierarchy – Front to Back Map topic should be forward

Page 24: Lecture 5 Map design. Cartography Cartography is the art, science and technology of making maps together with their study as scientific documents and

Which is forward? Land? Water?

Page 25: Lecture 5 Map design. Cartography Cartography is the art, science and technology of making maps together with their study as scientific documents and

No neatline

Page 26: Lecture 5 Map design. Cartography Cartography is the art, science and technology of making maps together with their study as scientific documents and

Many neatlines

Page 27: Lecture 5 Map design. Cartography Cartography is the art, science and technology of making maps together with their study as scientific documents and

Scale1:1

1:10

LargeScale

SmallScale

1:2

Page 28: Lecture 5 Map design. Cartography Cartography is the art, science and technology of making maps together with their study as scientific documents and

Large and small scale maps1:3000 1:100,000

1:150,000,000 1:300,000,000

LargeScale

SmallScale

Page 29: Lecture 5 Map design. Cartography Cartography is the art, science and technology of making maps together with their study as scientific documents and

Scale and Generalization Raster and digitized outline, very detailed

Page 30: Lecture 5 Map design. Cartography Cartography is the art, science and technology of making maps together with their study as scientific documents and

Scale and Generalization Outline is very detailed with each pier

Page 31: Lecture 5 Map design. Cartography Cartography is the art, science and technology of making maps together with their study as scientific documents and

Scale and Generalization Yellow generalization for smaller scale maps

Page 32: Lecture 5 Map design. Cartography Cartography is the art, science and technology of making maps together with their study as scientific documents and

Scale and Generalization As you zoom out (smaller scale) all that detail

isn’t needed and actually takes longer to draw

Page 33: Lecture 5 Map design. Cartography Cartography is the art, science and technology of making maps together with their study as scientific documents and

Date map created or data collected?

Page 34: Lecture 5 Map design. Cartography Cartography is the art, science and technology of making maps together with their study as scientific documents and

Graticule

Page 35: Lecture 5 Map design. Cartography Cartography is the art, science and technology of making maps together with their study as scientific documents and

What do these colors mean?

Red Blue Green Brown Yellow

Page 36: Lecture 5 Map design. Cartography Cartography is the art, science and technology of making maps together with their study as scientific documents and

Color adds meaning

Page 37: Lecture 5 Map design. Cartography Cartography is the art, science and technology of making maps together with their study as scientific documents and

Beware of software’s default colors

Page 38: Lecture 5 Map design. Cartography Cartography is the art, science and technology of making maps together with their study as scientific documents and

Colors on a map Eye sees only 12 colors at

a time Be careful

Page 39: Lecture 5 Map design. Cartography Cartography is the art, science and technology of making maps together with their study as scientific documents and

Number of classes Eye sees up to 8

variations of one color Be careful

Page 40: Lecture 5 Map design. Cartography Cartography is the art, science and technology of making maps together with their study as scientific documents and

Fonts, bold, wording, and size

Distribution of Employment by State 1996 USA: Employment Distribution

1996

U.S. Employment America at Work Where the Jobs are Today

Page 41: Lecture 5 Map design. Cartography Cartography is the art, science and technology of making maps together with their study as scientific documents and

Labeling the legend Label should not be “Legend” What do the numbers mean

Page 42: Lecture 5 Map design. Cartography Cartography is the art, science and technology of making maps together with their study as scientific documents and

Bad map

Page 43: Lecture 5 Map design. Cartography Cartography is the art, science and technology of making maps together with their study as scientific documents and

Better map

Page 44: Lecture 5 Map design. Cartography Cartography is the art, science and technology of making maps together with their study as scientific documents and

What’s wrong with this map?


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