louise bloom technology and innovation. technology in livelihoods – individual use of technology...
TRANSCRIPT
Louise BloomTechnology and Innovation
• Technology in livelihoods– Individual use of technology in livelihoods– Fitting into local systems
• Innovation in livelihoods– What is innovation?– Using the HIP innovation framework– Examples of innovation in Nakivale and
Kyangwali• Enabling innovation
Technology as an entry point into livelihoods
• The role of technology• Skills, knowledge and ideas• Adaption over time and transfer of
technology• Links to markets and systems
Energy Infrastructure
Nakivale Refugee Settlement
Computer
Solar Power
Battery
Solar Panel
Single purchases from Mbarara
Phone Charging
Salon
Internet
Phone repair
Music & film
Donated by friends & family
Fuel
Paraffin
Fire
New power lines (not yet connected)
Dry cell batteries
Manual
Street Lighting (UNHCR)
Energy Infrastructure
Nakivale Refugee Settlement
Computer
Solar Power
Battery
Solar Panel
Single purchases from Mbarara
Phone Charging
Salon
Internet
Phone repair
Music & film
Donated by friends & family
Street Lighting (UNHCR)
CTA
Fuel in 20L jerry cans
Computer
Battery
Phone Charging
Salon
Fuel
Generator
Battery recharge
UNHCR and Gov fuel store
Traders
Supplier truck
Milling Machine
LightingTransport
Power supply to others
TaxiBus
Restaurant
Cinema
Refrigerator in shop
Rainwater selling
Game shop
Brought in 20L jerry cans
Computer
Solar Power
Battery
Solar Panel
Single purchases from Mbarara – solar panels, computers, online music and film
Phone Charging
Salon
Internet
Phone repair
Music & film
Donations from family and friends
Fuel
Generator
Battery recharge
UNHCR and Gov fuel store
Traders
Supplier truck
Milling Machine
Lighting Transport
Power supply to others
Taxi
Bus
Paraffin
Traders
Fire
Wood cut and carried
CharcoalAgricultural
waste
Cooking
Restaurant
Bakery
New power lines (not yet connected)
Cinema
Dry cell batteries
Radio
Refrigerator in shop
Water
Manual
Tailoring, Tool sharpening, Bicycle or
hand carry
Street Lighting (UNHCR)
CTA
Game shop
Handmade Congolese
wooden bike for carrying heavy crops
or water
Water treadle pump – this
one is used to pump
rainwater from a tank to front of shop
Bike converted to add a disc for sharpening tools – powered by the wheel
• Technology an integral part of many livelihoods– Similar technologies in both sites– High level of re-use of materials
• Connections and networks– Social networks vital– Integrated into local systems
• Adaption and scale-up over time demonstrates innovation in livelihoods
Innovation
• Types– Tech (products) ;
processes or business models
– Incremental or Radical change
• Learning and triggers
Define the problem or
Identify the opportunity
Test, Adapt and
Use the solution
Find a potential solution
Appropriately
Scale the solution
• Process: to make improvements or change
Innovation framework
Beekeeper & Carpenter - Kyangwali
Define the problem or Identify the opportunityNo use for photography skills upon arrival and lack of income and later an injury which meant he could not travel to receive NGO distributed
foodFind a potential solution
Learnt bee keeping and making hives from brother already in the settlement.
Test, Adapt and Use the solution
1) Due to rain damage, a new hive design was made from a tree log.
2) To diversify income sources a carpentry shop was made with savings from the honey sales.
Appropriately Scale the solution
Many hives are kept, but large sales are only made to nationals from outside the village.
• Innovation from the bottom-up– Local capacity– Local systems
• Using the innovation process
No income
Make trays & flour on credit
Start a bakeryClosed, not scaled
Illness and low revenue
Start a shop
Diversify goods in shop
Still open, not growing v.fast
Seen others –2nd hand clothing
Buy, clean, repair then sell
Ongoing
Limited capital
Mother-in-law is
sick
Saw neighbours mud stove
Copied and adapted for shop
Ongoing
Mother-in-law gives grinder
Uses the grinder to
make samosas
Ongoing
Somali shopkeeper
Barriers to innovation• Challenges stated– Access to financial capital– Access to material resources– Physical health– Market access
• Aspirations– Business growth and business advice– New skills and training
Next Steps• Deeper understanding of innovation in
livelihoods – Barriers and opportunities
• Enabling innovation– Types of spaces/ models that create an enabling
environment?• Case studies of ‘innovation spaces’– Variety: Community groups to new ICT Hubs
• Constraints and opportunities in refugee livelihoods innovation
• What enabling factors and environments?
• Concept of a Refugee Innovation Centre
This old oil drum is being used as a cooker to sell cooked bananas in Rubundo Zone, Nakivale. Banana tree trunks are slotted through the holes at the top and meet in the middle to support the charcoal for cooking. Some wire mesh is used as the grill.
Reed matt, traditionally decorated for new brides, this congolese lady in Nakivale did not have access to coloured material, so collected sweet wrappers to use as decoration weaved into the matts...which sold for 2,000 more shillings than the plain matts.
Repair specialist in Kyangwali. He repairs saucepans with no welding, instead he uses scrap pans and metal with some basic tools to intricately fill the holes. He teaches others his same methods. And aspired to have a machine that made saucepans, though he didn't know what type of machine that would be.
A bee keeper invented this bee hive made from a hollow log, in order to help stop the rain entering the hive (as it does with the traditional bee hives made of vine). He got the idea from the technique that his grandparents used to make large baths for making drinks back in the DRC
Another repair man, repaired many items in Kyangwali. He taught himself how to repair umbrellas in the DRC, but now repairs plastic items, shoes and other HH goods. The chair on the right is his own resourceful way of fixing a plastic chair (which can’t be repaired with heat due to the type of plastic).