m. tech. biotechnology & 2 year - rama university · pdf filecourse detail and evaluation...

RAMA UNIVERSITY UTTAR PRADESH, KANPUR

Faculty of Engineering & Technology

SYLLABUS & EVALUATION SCHEME

[Effective from the Session 2015-16]

M. Tech. Biotechnology

1st & 2nd year

RAMA UNIVERSITY UTTAR PRADESH, KANPUR

A meeting of the Board of Studies of the department of Biotechnology of Faculty of Engineering and

Technology Rama University Uttar Pradesh, Kanpur was held on 5th

July 2014 at 11 AM. The following

members were present:

1. Dr. Ajay Kumar Convener

2. Mr. Ajit Pratap Singh Yadav Member

3. Mr. Vachaspati Rao Member

4. External Member

5. External Member

The quorum of the meeting was complete.

Agenda of the meeting:

1. Assessment Criteria

2. Question Paper Format

3. Syllabus

The meeting resolved unanimously that attached Assessment Criteria, Question Paper Format and Syllabus

are justified and approved.

Convener

Signature: ………………………

Name : Dr. Ajay Kumar

Date :

Internal Members

Signature: 1…………………………………. 2………………………………………

Name: Mr. Ajit Pratap Singh Yadav Mr. Vachaspati Rao

Date:

External Members

Signature: 1……………………………………… 2…………………………………………

Name: Prof. (Dr.). Dr.

Date:

Faculty of Engineering & Technology Rama University Uttar Pradesh, Kanpur

Course Detail and Evaluation Scheme (Effective from the Session 2015-16)

M. Tech. Biotechnology First Year

SEMESTER-I

S. N. Subject

Code Name of the Subject

Periods Evaluation Scheme Total

Marks Credit

L T P CE MTE ETE

Theory Subject

1 MTB 101 Advanced Biochemistry

3 1 0 20 30 100 150 4

2 MTB 102 Cell Biology & Microbiology

3 1 0 20

30 100 150 4

3

MTB 103 Biophysical Tools &

Techniques 3 1 0 20 30 100 150 4

4

MTB 104 Bioprocess & Fermentation

Technology 3 1 0 20 30 100 150 4

Practical

5 MTB 151 Biochemistry Lab

0 0 3 20 30 50 2

6

MTB 152 Cell Biology & Microbiology

Lab 0 0 3 20 30 50 2

TOTAL

12 4 6 700 20

L-Lecture, T-Tutorial, P- Practical, CE- Continuous Evaluation, MTE-Mid Term Examination, ETE-End Term Examination

Convener



Date :

Internal Members

Signature: 1…………………………………. 2………………………………………


Date:

External Members

Signature: 1……………………………………… 2…………………………………………





SEMESTER-II

S. N. Subject Code Name of the Subject Periods Evaluation Scheme

Total Marks

Credit L T P CE MTE ETE

Theory Subject

1

MTB 201 Advanced Genetics &

Molecular Biology 3 1 0 20 30 100 150 4

2 MTB 202 Immunology

3 1 0 20

30 100 150 4

3 MTB 203 Bioinformatics

3 1 0 20 30 100 150 4

4

MTB 204-

MTB 207

Departmental Elective- I

3 1 0 20 30 100 150 4

Practical

5

MTB 251 Molecular Biology &

Immunology Lab 0 0 3 20 30 50 2

6 MTB 252 Bioinformatics Lab

0 0 3 20 30 50 2

TOTAL

12 4 6 700 20


Convener



Date :

Internal Members

Signature: 1…………………………………. 2………………………………………


Date:

External Members

Signature: 1……………………………………… 2…………………………………………





SEMESTER-III


Total Marks


Theory Subject

1

MTB 301-

MTB-304

Departmental Elective- II

3 1 0 20 30 100 150 4

2

MTB 305-

MTB-308

Departmental Elective- III

3 1 0 20

30 100 150 4

Practical

1 MTB 351 Mini Dissertation

0 0 16 100 400 500 12

TOTAL

6 2 16 800 20


Convener



Date :

Internal Members

Signature: 1…………………………………. 2………………………………………


Date:

External Members

Signature: 1……………………………………… 2…………………………………………





SEMESTER-IV


Total Marks


1 MTB 451 Dissertation

0 0 24 200 600 800 20

TOTAL

0 0 24 800 20


Convener



Date :

Internal Members

Signature: 1…………………………………. 2………………………………………


Date:

External Members

Signature: 1……………………………………… 2…………………………………………


DEPARTMENTAL ELECTIVES

Departmental Elective-I:

1. MTB 204 Advanced Environmental Biotechnology

2. MTB 205 Plant Biotechnology

3. MTB 206 Food Biotechnology

4. MTB 207 Nanobiotechnology

Departmental Elective-II:

1. MTB 301 Advanced Genetic Engineering

2. MTB 302 Bioreactor Engineering

3. MTB 303 Genomics & Proteomics

4. MTB 304 Animal Biotechnology

Departmental Elective-III:

1. MTB 305 Pharmaceutical Biotechnology

2. MTB 306 IPR, Bioethics and Biosafty

3. MTB 307 Research methodology in Biotechnology

4. MTB 308 Enzyme Technology & Industrial Applications

Syllabus

MTB 101: Advanced Biochemistry

L T P Credit: 4

3 1 0

UNIT 1

Water - Structure, unusual properties, role in biological processes. Ionization of Water, pH scale. Buffers

and buffering mechanism, Buffering against pH Changes in Biological Systems: Phosphate buffer,

Bicarbonate buffer, Protein buffer, Amino acid Buffer & Hemoglobin Buffer System.

UNIT II

Carbohydrates – classification, structure and functions of monosaccharides, disaccharides and

polysaccharides. Ring structure and mutarotation, stereo isomers and structural isomers. Metabolism –

Glycolysis & oxidation of Pyruvate, TCA cycle, Gluconeogenesis, Pentose Phosphate Pathway, Oxidative

phosphorylation, Disorder/ diseases of carbohydrate metabolism.

UNIT III

Fats and lipids – Classification, structure and function: Simple, Compound lipids, Essential fatty acids.

Fatty acid synthesis, origin of acetyl-Co A for fat synthesis, Elongation & desaturation of Fatty Acids.

Activation & transport of fatty acid from cytosol to mitochondria for oxidation. Oxidation of saturated &

unsaturated fatty acids. Β-oxidation. Formation and utilization of ketone bodies. Disorder/ diseases of lipid

metabolism. [

UNIT IV

Amino acids and proteins - Classification & structure of amino acids. Essential amino acids. Peptide bond

formation, Ramachandran plot, Primary, secondary, tertiary & quaternary structure of proteins. Biosynthesis

of amino acids from intermediates of Citric Acid Cycle & other major pathways. Biodegradation of amino

acids: Deamination, transamination. Urea Cycle. Disorder/ diseases of amino acids metabolism.

UNIT V

Purines and pyrimidines – Structure and properties. Metabolism of Nucleotides: Purines & Pyrimidines

synthesis : de Novo & salvage pathway, Conversion of nucleoside monophosphates to nucleoside di and

triphosphates, Formation of deoxyribonucleotides. Catabolism of Purine and Pyrimidine nucleotides.

Disorder of purines and pyrimidines metabolism.

Text/Reference Books:

1. Harper’s Illustrated Biochemistry, (26th Edition) – R.K. Murray, D.K. Garner, P.A. Mayers & V.W. Rockwell, Pub:

McGraw Hill International Edition.

2. Principles of Biochemistry (4th Edition) – Lehninger, Nelson & Cox. Pub: Macmillan

3. Biochemistry (3rd Edition) – G. Zubay., Pub: Wm. C. Brown Pub.

4. General Biochemistry (5th Edition, 1996) – Weil, Pub: New Age Intl. Ltd.

5. Biochemistry (5th Edition) – Lubert Stryer. Pub: W.H. Freeman & Com., NY.

6. Biochemistry – D. Voet and J.G. Voet Pub: John Willy & Sons

7. Biochemistry (4th Edition, 1974) – West & Todd Pub: Oxford IBH,

MTB 102: Cell Biology & Microbiology

L T P Credit: 4

3 1 0

UNIT I

Structural and functional features of cell organelles. Cell cycle and regulation, cell aging, apoptosis.

UNIT II

Morphology and classification of eubacteria, archeaebacteria and viruses. Culture media. Cell cultivation

system. Isolation and identification of microbes, culture techniques. Preservation of cultures.

UNIT III

Physical and chemical methods for the control of microbes. Sterilization, Microbial growth kinetics. Batch

and synchronous growth.

UNIT IV

Biological nitrogen fixation,aerobic and anaerobic N2 fixing bacteria. Biofertilizers. Bacterial genetics:

transformation, conjugation, and transduction

UNIT V

Applications of microbiology. Environmental; Microbiology of domestic water and waste water. Microbes

in bioremediation. Different microbial disorders their causative pathogen, diagnosis, treatment and control:

Tuberculosis, Typhoid, Tetanus, AIDS, Rabies, Polio, Diarrhoea, Ascariasis


1. Microbiology –an introduction by Tortora ( Pierson education Publication)

2. Industrial microbiology by Prescott and Dunn

3. Microbiology by Pelczar (W C Brown publication)

4. Genral Microbiology by stainer ( Mac Millan Publication)

5. Microbiology by Pawar and Dagniwala ( Himalaya publishing House)

MTB 103: Biophysical Tools & Techniques

L T P Credit: 4

3 1 0

UNIT I

Microscopic techniques for observing cell structure: Principles and applications of Microscopy Light microscopy:

Bright field, Dark field, phase contrast, fluorescence microscopy, scanning and transmission electron microscopy,

flow cytometry.

UNIT II

Chromatographic Techniques: Types of chromatography: Planar(TLC and Paper chromatography) Column

chromatography and its type - Gel permeation, Ion exchange, Hydrophobic, Reverse-phase and Affinity

chromatography; HPLC and FPLC.

Electrophoretic techniques: Theory and application of Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and Agarose gel

electrophoresis; Capillary electrophoresis; 2D Electrophoresis; SDS PAGE.

UNIT III

Centrifugation: Basic principles; Mathematics & theory (RCF, Sedimentation coefficient etc); Types of centrifuge -

Microcentrifuge, High speed & Ultracentrifuges; Preparative centrifugation; Differential &density gradient

centrifugation, Analytical centrifugation.

Unit IV

Spectroscopic Techniques:Basic principles and application of NMR, ESR, Mass spectroscopy, UV- Visible

spectroscopy. X-ray diffraction. Nanoparticles; their application in medicine and biology.

UNIT V

Radioactivity: Radioactive & stable isotopes, Pattern and rate of radioactive decay, Units of radioactivity.

Measurement of radioactivity: Geiger-Muller counter, Solid & Liquid scintillation counters (Basic principle,

instrumentation & technique), autoradiography. Applications of isotopes in biochemistry.


1. Biophysical Chemistry vol. I, II & III (1997) Cantor and Schimmel Pub: W.H. Freeman

2. Molecular Biology of the gene (5th Edtion), – J.D. Wastson, T.A. Baker, S.P. Bell,

A. Gann, M. Levine, R. Losick, Pub: Pearson Education (Singapore) Pvt. Ltd. Delhi

3. Biochemistry (3rd Edition) – G. Zubay., Pub: Wm. C. Brown Pub

4. Biochemistry (2nd Edition) – D. Voet and J.G. Voet Pub: John Willy & Sons.

5. Physical Biochemistry (2nd Edition) D. Friefelder Pub: W.H. Freeman & Com.

6. Biochemistry (5th Edition) – Lubert Stryer. Pub: W.H. Freeman & Com., NY.

7. Principles of Biochemistry (4th Edition)–Lehninger, Nelson & Cox. Pub: Macmillan Pub.

8. Molecular Cell Biology, (5th Edition) H. Lodish, A. Berk P. Matsudaira Chris A. Kaiser, M.Krieger.

9. Practical Biochemistry (5thEdition)–K.Wilson & J.Walker.Pub:Cambridge Univ.Press, (U.K.)

MTB 104: Bioprocess & Fermentation Technology

L T P Credit: 4

3 1 0

UNIT I

Introduction to bioprocesses :Historical development of bioprocess technology, an overview of traditional and

modern applications of biotechnological processes, general requirements of fermentation processes, basic design and

construction of ferment or , main parameters to be monitored and controlled in fermentation processes.

UNIT II

Metabolic stoichiometry and energetic: Stoichiometry of cell growth and product formation, elemental balances,

degree of reduction of substrate and biomass, available electron balances, yield coefficients of biomass and product

formation, maintenance coefficients, energetic analysis of microbial growth and product formation, oxygen

consumption and heat evolution in aerobic cultures.

UNIT III

Media design for fermentation processes :Medium requirements for fermentation processes, oxygen requirements,

medium formulation of optimal growth and product formation, examples of simple and complex media, Medium for

plant cell and animal cell culture, medium design of commercial media for industrial fermentations- Plackett burman

design, response surface methodology, simplex design, continuous cultivation method to determine the kinetic

parameters and maintenance coefficient and pulse & shift method of medium optimization. Case studies on each

medium design methods.

UNIT IV

Kinetics of microbial growth and product formation :Phases of cell growth in batch cultures, fed batch and continuous

cultures, simple unstructured kinetic models for microbial growth, Monod model, growth of filamentous organisms &

yeast , growth associated and non growth associated product formation kinetics, Leudeking –piret models, substrate

and product inhibition on cell growth and product formation.

UNIT V

Fermentation Technology: Case studies on production of lactic acid , glutamic acid, penicillin, microbial lipase and

protease, recombinant insulin. Case studies should deal with strain improvement, medium designs, process

optimization etc.


Bailey ,J.E. and Ollis, D.F. Biochemical engineering fundamentals, 2nd

ed.,McGraw Hill ,1986.

Shuler,M.L. and Kargi,F. Bioprocess engineering: basic concepts, 2nd

ed.,Prentice-Hall,2002.

Doran Pauline M, Bioprocess engineering principles, Academic Press, 1995.

Stanbury,P.F.,Stephan J. Hall & A.Whitaker. Principles of Fermentation technology, Science&

technology books.

MTB 151: Biochemistry Lab

L T P Credit: 2

0 0 3

1. Preparation of solutions: 1) percentage solutions, 2) molar solutions, 3) normal solutions

2. Quantitative estimation of carbohydrates

3. Distinguish reducing and non-reducing sugars

4. Quantitative estimation of proteins

5. Estimation of nucleic acids

6. Isoelectric precipitation

7. Separation of sugars, fatty acids and amino acids by paper chromatography

8. Extraction of lipids from plant material

9. Thin layer chromatography and paper chromatography.

MTB 152: Cell Biology & Microbiology Lab

L T P Credit: 2

0 0 3

Cell Biology Lab

1. Microscopy

2. Identification and staining of different types of cells.

3. Measurement of various Cell Organelles.

4. Detection of Mitosis with the help of microscope.

Microbiology Lab

1. Isolation and enumeration of microorganisms of soil by serial dilution-agar Plating Method

2. Acid fast staining of bacteria by Zeil-Neelsen Method.

3. Bacterial capsule and spore staining.

4. Biochemical test(fermentation of carbohydrates, catalase, amylase and peroxidase test)

5. To study the growth curve of bacteria at 370C with shaking at 150 rpm.

6. To study the effect of temperature on growth of given microbe.

REFERENCE BOOKS

1. Practical Manual of biotechnology: Mahajan R, Sharma J, Mahajan R.K.

2. Experiments in Microbiology, Biotechnology and Plant Pathology: Aneja K.R.

MTB 201: Advanced Genetics & Molecular Biology

L T P Credit: 4

3 1 0

UNIT I

Fundamental principles of genetics, gene interaction, multiple alleles, complementation, linkage,

recombination and linkage mapping, Extra-chromosomal inheritance, Chromosomes basis of heredity, Sex

determination, Sex linked, Sex limited and sex influenced inheritance, crossing over.

UNIT II

Gene structure, DNA & RNA as a genetic material, Griffith’s experiment, Hershey- chase experiment, Semi

conservative mode of DNA replication, Central Dogma of Molecular Biology, DNA replication in

Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes, DNA Damage & Repair, Cell cycle and regulation.

UNIT III

Transcription (Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes): Synthesizing mRNA from a DNA template, transcription unit,

substrate for transcription, transcription apparatus, RNA polymerases, Role of sigma factor in transcription,

role of promoters and enhancers. Post transcriptional modification process: end modification (5’ cap, 3’

poly A tail addition, splicing, RNA editing), Activity of DNA polymerases and Topoisomerases, Reverse

transcriptase.

UNIT IV

Genetic code: properties of genetic code, Second genetic code, Wobble hypothesis, Translation

(Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes), Post Translational Modification Process.

UNIT V

Gene regulation in viruses, prokaryotes (lac operon and trp operon) and Eukaryotes.


1. Albert B, Bray Denis et al.: Molecular Biology of The Cell, latest ed.

2. Watson, Hopkin, Roberts et al.: Molecular Biology of the Gene, 4 th ed.

3. Genetics- Strickberger, 2 nd.

4. Baltimore- Molecular Biology of the Cell.

5. Advance Genetics by G.S. Miglani, Narosa Publishing House

6. Essentials of Molecular Biology 4thed, Malacinski, G. M. Jones & Bartlet publishers, Boston

7. Genetics A molecular approach 2ndEdition Peter J. Russell Pearson.

8. Concepts of Genetics seventh edition William S.Klug and Michael R. Cummings, Pearson.

MTB 202: Immunology

L T P Credit: 4

3 1 0 UNIT I

Concepts of immunology: General principles of immune system, molecules, cells and tissues of immune

system, primary and secondary lymphoid organs (thymus, bursa of fabricius, lymph nodes, spleen), B and T

lymphocyte and their functions, lymphocyte cell mediated cytotoxicity.

UNIT II

Antigens and antibodies: Concepts of antigen, antigenic determinant, antigenicity, immunogen and

immunogenicity, factors affecting antigenicity, hapten, carrier effect, cross reactivity, adjuvtants, Freund’s

adjuvants and its significance, immunoglobulin, structure of immunoglobulin, types and properties of

immunoglobulin, theories of antibody formation, clonal selection, Ig genes, immunoglobulin synthesis and

metabolism, and antibody diversity.

UNIT III

Humoral and cell mediated immunity: MHC, MHC antigen- Class I, Class II, Class III, antigen

presentation, MHC restriction, immune response gene, immune response, humoral and cell mediated

immune response, BCR, TCR & generation of biodiversity, lymphocytes, T cells regulation, graft rejection.

UNIT IV

Antigen- antibody reaction: Physico-chemical basis of Ag-Ab interaction, avidity, strength of binding

between Ag and Ab and its measurement, detection of Ag-Ab interaction, precipitation, agglutination and

complement fixation, complement system, and cytokines. Hyper-sensitivity, Autoimmunity, Cancer, AIDS

and Transplantation immunology.

UNIT V

Vaccine technology&immunotechniques: Basic principles of vaccine development; protein based vaccines;

DNA vaccines; Plant based vaccines; recombinant antigens as vaccines; reverse vaccinology.

ELISA,Direct, indirect and Sandwich immunofluorescence, hybridoma technology and monoclonal

antibodies, immunoblotting, flow cytometry. Single Radial Immuno Diffusion Double diffusion.Rocket

Immunoelectrophoresis.


1.Essential Immunology, Eleventh Edition (2006) P. Delves, S. Martin, D. Burton and I. Roitt,

Wiley-Blackwell Publishers, UK.

2. Immunology, Third Edition (1997) J. Kuby, W H Freeman & Co Publishers.

3. Practical immunology, Fourth Edition (2002) F.C. Hay and O.M.R. Westwood, WileyBlackwell

Publishers.

MTB 203: Bioinformatics

L T P Credit: 4

3 1 0

UNIT I

Biological Databases:Format & Applications of Sequence and Structure databases of Nucleic Acids &

Proteins (GENBANK, EMBL, DDBJ, PIR, UNIPROT, PDB, SCOP, CATH, PRINT, Pfam etc) Specialized

databases.

UNIT II

Sequence Analysis: Introduction to DNA and protein sequence analysis, Translation, ORF finding,

BLAST, FASTA Local vs Global alignment, Pair wise Sequence Analysis, Multiple sequence Analysis,

Scoring matrices, Analysis, Web based tools for sequence analysis, Dynamic Programming, Phylogenic

trees

UNIT III

Functional, structural and comparative genomics, protein structure, Homology modeling, gene expression,

Electronic PCR, Primer designing, Meth Primer Designing.

UNIT IV

Hidden Markov models, neural networks, and their application in computation biology, Eukaryotic and

prokaryotic gene finding, DNA computing.

UNIT V

Chemoinformatics, Pharmacogenomics and Pharmacogenetics, practicals on data retrieval involving

internet based Bioinformatics tools. Protein Function Prediction, Metabolic Pathway analysis,

Computer aided drug designing and computational vaccine desigining,


1. David Edwards, Jason Eric Stajich, David Hansen, “Bioinformatics: Tools and Applications” , Springer,

2009.

2. David W Mount, “Bioinformatics: Sequence and genome analysis”, Cold spring harbor laboratory press,

2nd

edition, 2004.

3. Attwood T K, D J Parry-Smith, “Introduction to Bioinformatics” ,Pearson Education, 2005.

4. ParagRastogi, “Bioinformatics Methods and Applications: Genomics Proteomics And Drug Discovery”,

PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd., 3 rd

edition, 2008

5. Tisdall,James, “Beginning Perl for Bioinformatics”, O, Reilley,2001.

6. Baxevanis A.D and Oullette, B.F.F., “A Practical Guide to the Analysis of Genes and Proteins”, 2nd

Edition , John Wiley,2002.

MTB 204: Advanced Environmental Biotechnology

L T P Credit: 4

3 1 0

UNIT I Environmental components, Natural resources, Ecosystem and its diversity, Environmental pollution and its

major impacts, Global warming and greenhouse effect, Global Ozone Problem, Acid rain, Eutrophication,

Land degradation, Biomagnification

UNIT II Non-renewable and renewable energy resources, concept of clean fuel technology, Biomass energy and

biofuels

Unit III

Biodegradation and bioremediation of major pollutants, Biomineralisation: Use of microbial technology for

mining

UNIT IV Waste water engineering: Treatment of municipal wastes and industrial effluents with special focus on use

of biological methods, Advanced waste water treatments

UNIT V Bioassessment of environmental quality: Biosensors and biomarkers, Biofertilizers, Biopesticides and

Vermi composting. Environmental impact assessment and Environmental audit, Related case studies from

Indian market


Environmental Science, S.C. Santra

Environmental Biotechnology, Pradipta Kumar Mohapatra

Environmental Biotechnology – Concepts and Applications” by Hans-Joachim Jordening and Jesef

Winter

Waste Water Engineering by Metcalf and Eddy. Publisher: Tata McGraw hill

Environmental Microbiology: Methods and Protocols by Alicia L. Ragout De Spencer, John F.T.

Spencer

Introduction to Environmental Biotechnology by Milton Wainwright

Principles of Environmental Engineering by Gilbert Masters

MTB 205: Plant Biotechnology

L T P Credit: 4

3 1 0

UNIT I

Introduction to plant biotechnology, Objective, Roles and landmarks in plant breeding. Introduction to the

techniques of plant tissue culture. Concept of cellular totipotency, Nutritional requirements, single cell

culture, micro-propagation, Somaclonal variation, somatic embryogenesis and production of embryoids.

UNIT II

Haploid and double haploid production, Protoplast isolation and culture. Somatic hybridization and cybrid

production and their applications in crop improvement. Productions of virus free plants using meristem

culture.

UNIT III

Basis of tumor formation, hairy roots, features of Ti and Ri plasmids, mechanisms of DNA transfer, role of

virulence genes, use of Ti and Ri as vectors, binary vectors, use of 35S and other promoters, genetic

markers, use of reporter genes, methods of nuclear transfer, particle bombardment, electroporation,

microinjection, transformation of monocots. Transgene stability and gene silencing. Herbicide and

resistance. insect Plant Genetic Engineering: Transgenic plants, Genetically modified (GM) plants (Bt

cotton, Bt Brinjal)

UNIT IV

Photoregulation and phytochrome regulation of nuclear and chloroplast genes expression, Molecular

biology of light and dark reactions of photosynthesis, Genetics of nif genes, Molecular mechanism of

nitrogen fixation.

UNIT V

Plant secondary metabolites: Control mechanisms and manipulation of alkaloids and industrial enzymes

(Shikimate and PHA pathway), biodegradable plastics, therapeutic proteins, Edible vaccines, purification

strategies. Green house Technology. Biotic and Abiotic stress.


1.Plant Tissue Culture by MK Razdan & SS Bhojwani (1996) Elsevier

2. Plant Physiology by L Taiz & E Zeiger 4th Edition (2006) Sinauer Associates Inc, Publishers

3. Experiment in Microbiology, Plant pathology and Tissue culture by K.R. Aneja, Wishwa Prakashan

4. Genetic Transformation of Plants, Edited by Jackson, J.F.; Linskens, H.F. , Springer 2003

5. Plant Biotechnology and Transgenic Plants, Edited by Kirsi Marja Oksman-Caldentey, Wolfgang Barz Marcel Dekker 2002

6. Plant Tissue Culture Concepts and Laboratory Exercises, Second Edition, Robert N Trigiano, Dennis J Gray, CRC Press

November 1999

MTB 206: Food Biotechnology

L T P Credit: 4

3 1 0

UNIT I

Food chemistry: Constituent of food – contribution to texture, flavour and organoleptic properties of food;

food additives – intentional and non-intentional and their functions; enzymes in food processing.

UNIT II

Food microbiology: Sources and activity of microorganisms associated with food; food fermentation; food

chemicals; food borne diseases – infections and intoxications, food spoilage – causes.

UNIT III

Food processing: Raw material characteristics; cleaning, sorting and grading of foods; physical conversion

operations – mixing, emulsification, extraction, filtration, centrifugation, membrane separation,

crystallization, heat processing.

UNIT IV

Food preservation: Use of high temperatures – sterilization, pasteurization, blanching, asceptic canning;

frozen storage – freezing curve characteristics. Factors affecting quality of frozen foods; irradiation

preservation of foods.

UNIT V

Manufacture of food products: Bread and baked goods, diary products – milk processing, cheese, butter,

ice-cream, vegetable and fruit products; edible oils and fats; meat, poultry and fish products; confectionery,

beverages.


1. Coultate T.P. Food – The chemistry of its components, 2

nd ed., Royal society,

London, 1992

2. Sivasankar B. Food processing and preservation, Prentice Hall of India Pvt.Ltd., New

Delhi, 2002

3. Fennema O.R. ed. Principles of food science : Part I, Food chemistry, Marcel

Dekker, New York, 1976.

4. Frazier W.C. and Westhoff D.C. Food Microbiology, 4th

ed. McGram-Hill Book Co.,

New York, 1988

5. Brenner, J.G., Butters, J.R., Cowell, N.D. and Lilly, A.E.V. Food engineering

operations, 2nd

ed., Applied Sciences Pub.ltd., London,1979

6. Pyke, M. Food Science and Technology , 4th

ed., John Murray, London, 1981

MTB 207: Nanobiotechnology

L T P Credit: 4

3 1 0

UNIT I

Introduction to nanotechnology and Interphase systems: Principles in nanotube formation, characteristics of

nanoparticles, particle agglomeration, carbon nanotubes, nanostructured polymers.

UNIT II Biocompatible inorganic devices, Lab-on-a-chip devices, microcontact printing of proteins, cell

nanostructure interactions, defined networks of neuronal cells in vitro, quantum dots, DNA microarrays

.

UNIT III

DNA-based nanostructures: DNA-Protein nanostructure, DNA-templated electronics, biomimetic

fabrication of DNA-based metallic nano-wires and networks, DNA-gold particle conjugates.

UNIT IV

NanoMedicens : Developing of Nanomedicens Nanosytems in use, Protocols for nanodrug Administration,

Nanotechnology in Diagnostics applications, materials for used in Diagnostics and Therapeutic applications.

UNIT V

Application of nanobioparticles : Bacteriorhodopsin and its potential in technical applications, Nanoscale

biosensors.


Nanobiotechnology: Concepts, applications and perspectives, eds. CM Niemeyer, CA Mirkin,

Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co., KgaA, Weiheim (2004).

Nanotechnology: An introduction to nanostructuring techniques, eds. M Kohler, W Fritzsche,

Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co., KgaA, Weiheim.

Handbook of nanotechnology, ed. Bhusan, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, Germany.

Nanocomposite science and technology, eds. PM Ajayan, LS Schadler, PV Braun, Wiley-VCH

Verlag, GmbH & Co., KgaA, Weiheim

http://www.indiastudychannel.com/resources/31636-JNTU-IV-Year-B-Tech-M-E-II-Semester-syllabus.aspx

MTB 251: Molecular Biology & Immunology Lab

L T P Credit: 2

0 0 3

MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LAB

1. Isolation of bacterial DNA

2. Isolation of Plasmid DNA.

3. Isolation of plant DNA.

4. Agarose gel electrophoresis.

5. Estimation of DNA content in the given sample by diphenylamine method.

6. Estimation of RNA content by the Orcinol method.

IMMUNOLOGY LAB

1. To determine the blood group of given blood

2. To determine the Rh factor of given blood

3. To perform single radial immunodiffusion

4. To perform double immunodiffusion

5. To perform rocket immune electrophoresis

6. To perform counter current immune electrophoresis

7. To perform Sand-witch ELISA

8. To perform Indirect ELISA

9. To perform Competitive ELISA

10. To prepare the blood smear and stain with leishman stain

11. To identify the blood cells/ immune cell with the help of leishman stain

12. To perform differential count (DLC) of given sample

Reference books

1. Handbook of Experimental Immunology, Vol. I & II, IV- Blackwell Scientific Publications.

2. Practical Immunology- Hudson L. and Hay H. C. Blackwell Scientific Publications.

3. Hybridoma Techniques: A Lab Course- Muthukkaruppan Vr, Basker S and F. Singilia.

Macmillan India Ltd.

MTB 252: Bioinformatics Lab

L T P Credit: 2

0 0 3

LIST OF EXPERIMENTS:

1. Bioinformatics databases

2. Pair wise sequence alignment

3. Sequence similarity searching for sequences

4. Multiple sequence alignment and editing

5. Phylogenetic analysis using distance based methods & character based methods

6. Evaluation of trees

7. Gene prediction tools

8. Prediction Of secondary Structure of proteins

9. Sequence based prediction and Validation of 3DProtein structure 10. Docking studies

MTB 301: Advanced Genetic Engineering

L T P Credit: 4

3 1 0 UNIT I

Restriction endonucleases: Types of restriction endonucleases, classification and uses. Restriction mapping.

DNA modifying enzymes: Nucleases, Polymerases, Phosphatases and DNA ligases. Joining of DNA

Fragments to vectors, Homo polymer tailing, cohesive and blunt end ligation, adaptors, and linkers.

UNIT II

Prokaryotic host. Plasmid vectors, phage vector, cosmid, phagemid, BAC,YAC & other vectors, Expression

vectors, Plant vector (Ti- plasmid). Construction of genomic and c-DNA libraries,

UNIT III

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR), variant of PCR and its applications.Cloning, Selection, screening and

analysis of recombinants. Principle of hybridization, Northern blotting, Southern blotting, Western blotting.

Polymerase chain reaction, Site directed mutagenesis. Restriction fragments length polymorphism, RAPD,

AFLP. Genetic marker, Protein-protein interaction.

UNIT IV

Isolation of DNA and RNA. Quantification of nucleic acids. Radiolabelling of nucleic acids: End labelling,

nick translation, labelling by primer extension, DNA sequencing: Maxam-Gilbert (Chemical) and Sanger-

Nicolson (dideoxy/ enzymatic) sequencing method, Pyrosequencing.

UNIT V

Vector Engineering and codon optimization, host engineering. Strategies of gene delivery, in vitro

translation, expression in bacteria and yeast, expression in insects and insect cells, expression in mammalian

cells, expression in plants. Chromosome engineering, Targeted gene replacement, gene editing, gene

regulation and silencing.


1. Principles of Gene manipulation(1994) Old R.N. and Primrose S.B.

2. From Genes to Clones (1987) Winnaeker E.L.

3. Recombinant DNA (1992) Watson J.D., Witreowski J., Gilman M. and Zooller M.

4. An Introduction to GeNETIC Engineering: Nicholl, D.S.T.

5. Molecular Biotechnology (1996) Pasternak

6. The Biochemistry of Nucleic acid(1996)Adam et al

7. Genetic Engineering (1998)Janke k. swtlow

MTB 302: Bioreactor Engineering

L T P Credit: 4

3 1 0

UNIT I Bioreactors: Modes of bioreactor operations,components and their functions. Bioreactor design: Batch

reactor, cell death in batch reactor, chemostat, maintenance, product & substrate inhibition on chemostat,

multiple steady state analysis, plug flow reactor, fed batch reactor, Chemostat with cell recycle.

UNIT II

Mass transfer I: molecular diffusional theory, Convective mass transfer, Factors affecting kLa, Interfacial

area and oxygen transfer, Factors affecting the saturation concentration of oxygen, Oxygen uptake. Gas-

liquid mass transfer in cellular systems, solubility of gases (O2, CO2) in biological media, Mass balance for

two-phase bioreactor.

UNIT III

Mass transfer II: Bubble column, bubble generation at an orifice, bubble coalescence and reakup, gas

holdup, interfacial area, immobile and mobile gas liquid interface, Regimes of bubbles, Design of bubble

columns.Mass transfer in agitated tanks, correlation with kLa in Newtonian and nonNewtonian fluid, power

number.determination of kLa, Power requirement for mixing, agitated and non-agitated tanks for Newtonian

and non-Newtonian liquid. Mixing time in agitated rector, Residence time distribution, non ideal reactor and

multiphase bioreactor. UNIT IV

The Stirred Tank Bioreactor: Introduction, Standard geometry of stirred tank bioreactor, Basic features of

stirred tank bioreactor; agitation systems, oxygen delivery, foam control, temperature control systems, pH

control systems, cleaning and sterilization facilities Agitator Design and Operation: flow patterns,

preventing vortex formation, off centre impellers, baffles. Type of impellers, Power number, Power input,

Mixing, Gas holdup, Sheer stress calculation. UNIT V

Aeration And Agitation In Animal Cell Bioreactors: Introduction, cell damage in animal cell bioreactor,

shear damage, bubble damage, Methods of minimizing cell damage Scale Up of Bioreactor, Control of

Bioreactor: Sensor used in the bioreactor. Online sensors for cell properties, online and offline monitoring

of bioreactor; feed back control, cascade control and computerized bioprocess control.


1. Blanch HW and Clark DS: Biochemical Engineering Marcel Decker Year of Publication.

2. Tapobrata panda: Bioreactors Analysis and Design: Year of Publication 2011:Tata Mcgraw Hill

publication

MTB 303: Genomics & Proteomics

L T P Credit: 4

3 1 0 UNIT I

Overview- Structure and organization of Prokaryotic and eukaryotic genome, gene structure and gene

density of prokaryotes and eukaryotes, variations in the general structure and organization in genomes

expression profiles.

UNIT II

Brief outlook of various genome projects and their outcome, Nucleotide and protein sequencing, Genome

sequencing; various techniques: shot gun, clone contig approach, chromosome walking, primer walking,

chromosome jumping, contig assembly, genome marking and mapping techniques, genomic DNA-

library, cDNA-library.

UNIT III

Mapping and Sequence Assembly, Genetic markers-RFLP, STR, SSLP, VNTR. Physical markers, ESTs,

STS, FISH, Radiation hybrid, Sequence marker, SNPs, Expression analysis, Obtaining & Evaluating gene

expression profiles with mircoarray.

UNIT IV

Human genome project - transcript on structural and functional genomics, comparative and population

genomics, Pharmacogenomics and Phylogenetics, Functional Proteomics, genotype-phenotype relationship,

polygenic nature of proteins

UNIT V

Proteomics experimental techniques: 2-D electrophoresis, Mass spectrometry & Protein Microarray,

MALDI-TOF ,Drug Design, Empirical Methods and prediction techniques, X-ray and NMR-structures,

Post-translational modification prediction: protein sorting, proteolyticcleavage, glycosylation and

phosphorylation.

.


1. Introduction to Genomics . Arthur Lesk. Oxford University Press, 2008

2.Brown TA, Genomes, 3rd Edition, Garland Science, 2006.

3. Campbell AM & Heyer LJ, Discovering Genomics, Proteomics and

MTB 304: Animal Biotechnology

L T P Credit: 4

3 1 0 UNIT I

Brief history of animal cell and organ culture, cell culture media, immobilized cell culture, insect cell

culture, somatic cell culture.

UNIT II

Cell lines cultivation (monolayer's, suspension culture, stationary suspension culture agar culture and

agitated microcarrier suspension culture, hollow fiber systems)

UNIT III

Cell synchronization and cell transformation. Maintenance of cell culture through sub- culturing and

cloning, cryopreservation.

UNIT IV

Specific applications of cells in culture; Pharmaceuticals, vaccines, monoclonal antibodies, recombinant

proteins, Stem cell technology

UNIT V

Embryonic culture, gene transfers and transgenic animals and embryo transfer technology, Tissue

engineering


Cell culture ,Spring Harbour Lab, New York, Animal Cell Culture Course Manual.

Fresnay, P.E.& Patterson M.K., Tissue Culture Methods & Application.

Molecular Biotechnology: Principles and Applications of recombinant DNA 2nd

Edition. Glick, B.

R. and Pasternak J. J. (1998) ASM press, Washington DC.

Animal Cell biotechnology : Spier, R.E. and Griffiths J.B. (1988) Academic press.

Living resources for Biotechnology, Animal cells. Doyle, A.; Hay, R. and Kirsop, B.E. (1990)

Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.

Animal Biotechnology. Murray Moo-Young (1989) Pergamon Press, Oxford.

MTB 305: Pharmaceutical Biotechnology

L T P Credit: 4

3 1 0 UNIT I

DNA, RNA, Protein modifications/events, post-translational, processing enzymes, G protein coupled

receptors (monomeric transmembrane proteins), small molecule receptors, neuropeptide receptors, ion

channels (monomeric multi-transmembrane) proteins, ligand-gated ion channels (oligomeric transmembrane

proteins), transporters (multi-transmembrane proteins).

UNIT II

Introduction to drug discovery and development, target discovery and validation strategies: Genomics (new

target discovery), biological activity directed and other types of screening, natural products, combinatorial

chemistry. Pharmacakinetics and Tonicological considerasation.

UNIT III

Computer aided drug design, Structure-based design: ‘de novo’ design methodologies: docking.

UNIT IV

Design and development of combinatorial libraries for new lead generation: The molecular diversity

problem, drug characterization – principles of equilibria, diffusion and kinetics, preformulation: pKa,

partition coefficient, solubility, dissolution, chemical stability, and permeability, optimization of ADME

characteristics, physico-chemical properties calculation, Linear Free energy, Hanseh equation, Hammett

euation, chemiometrics in drug design.

UNIT V

Statistical techniques behind QSAR, classical QSAR, molecular descriptors 3D QSAR and COMFA, drug

design to discovery and development


Introduction to Biophysical Methods for Protein and Nucleic Acid Research by J.A. Glasel and M.P.

Deutscher, Academic Press

Principles of Drug Action” by W.B. Pratt and P. Taylor, Churchill Livingston.

Principles of Medicinal Chemistry” by W.O. Foye, T.L. Lemke, and D.A. Williams, Williams and Wilkins.

Side Effects and Drug Desig by E.J. Lien, Marcel Dekker

The Anticancer Drugs by W.B. Pratt, R.W. Ruddon, W.D. Ensminger, and J. Maybaum, Oxford University Press.

MTB 306: IPR, Bioethics and Biosafety

L T P Credit: 4

3 1 0 UNIT I

General Overview of Intellectual Property Rights, WIPO, WTO, Trade Related Intellectual Property Rights.

UNIT II

Patent - Basic requirements of Patentability, Patentable Subject Matter, Procedure for Obtaining Patent,

Provisional and Complete Specification

UNIT III

Copyright - Objectives of copyright, Rights conferred by registration of copyright, Infringement of

copyright

UNIT IV

Trademarks-Basic Principles of Trademark, Rights conferred by Registration of Trademark, Infringement of

Trademark

UNIT V

Geographical Indications-Objectives of Geographical Indications, Rights conferred, Infringement of

Geographical Indications, International Position, Indian Position, Bioprospecting and Biopiracy.

UNIT VI

Biosafety and Bioethics Management-Key to environmentally responsible use of biotechnology. Cartagena

Protocol on Biosafety, Ethical implications of Biotechnological products and techniques.


Intellectual Property Rights by Brigitte Anderson, Edward Elgar Publishing

Intellectual Property Rights and the Life Sciences Industries by Graham Dutfield, Ashgate Publishing

WIPO Intellectual Property Handbook

Intellectual Property Rights by William Rodelph Cornish, David Clewelyn

Journals and Current magazines

MTB 307: Research methodology in Biotechnology

L T P Credit: 4

3 1 0

UNIT I Research and its methodologies: Objectives of research, research process-observation, analysis, inference, hypothesis,

axiom, theory, experimentation, types of research – basic, applied, quantitative, qualitative, analytical etc. features of

translational research, concept of laboratory to market and industrial R & D.,

UNIT II Research in biotechnology- an overview: Biological systems and their characteristics that influence the type and

outcome of research, exploratory and product oriented research in various field of biotechnology- health, agri, food,

industrial etc. interdisciplinary nature of biotech research, sources of literature for biotech research.

UNIT III Computer applications in Biology: Spreadsheet tools : Introduction to spreadsheet applications, features, Using

formulas and functions, Data storing, Features for Statistical data analysis, Generating charts / graph and other

features, Tools – Microsoft Excel or similar. Presentation tools: Introduction, features and functions, Presentation of

Power Point Presentation, Customizing presentation, Showing presentation Tools – Microsoft Power Point or Similar.

Web Search: Introduction to Internet, Use of Internet and WWW, Use of search engines, Biological data bases.

UNIT IV Results and analysis:Importance and scientific methodology in recording results, importance of negative results,

different ways of recording, industrial requirement, artificial versus true results, correlation with published results,

discussion, outcome as new idea, hypothesis, concept , theory , model.

UNIT V Scientific and technical publication:Different types of scientific and technical publications in the area of

biotechnology, ways to protect intellectual property-patents, technical writing skills, impact factor and citation index.


Essentials of research design and methodology Geoffrey R. Marczyk, David DeMatteo, David Festinger,

2005 Jhon Wiley & Sons publishers,Inc.

Guide to publishing a scientific paper, Ann M. Korner, 2004, Bioscript Press.

Introductory Statistics. Fifth Edition. (2004) Prem S. Mann. John Wiley and Sons (ASIA) Pvt. Ltd.

MTB 308: Enzyme Technology & Industrial Applications

L T P Credit: 4

3 1 0

UNIT I

Extraction and Purification of Crude Enzyme extracts from plant, animal and microbial sources-some case

studies; methods of characterization of enzymes; development of enzymatic assays.

UNIT II

Mechanisms of Enzyme Action; Concept of active site and energetics of enzyme substrate complex

formation; Specificity of enzyme action; Kinetics of single substrate reactions; turnover number; estimation

of Michaelis-Menton parameters. Importance of Km, Multi-substrate reaction mechanisms and kinetics.

UNIT III

Types of Inhibition- kinetic models; Substrate and Product Inhibition; Allosteric regulation of enzymes;

Deactivation kinetics.

UNIT IV

Physical and Chemical techniques for enzyme Immobilization – adsorption, matrix entrapment,

encapsulation, cross-linking, covalent binding - examples; Advantages and disadvantages of different

Immobilization techniques; Overview of applications of immobilized enzyme systems, Applications of

enzymes in analysis; Design of enzyme electrodes and their applications as biosensors in industry, health

care and environment.

UNIT V

Design of Immobilized Enzyme Reactors-Packed- bed, Fluidized-bed Membrane reactors; Bioconversion

calculations in free- enzyme CSTRs and immobilized enzyme reactors.

Text books:

Fundamentals of enzymology by Nicolas C. price and Lewis stevens . Oxford University Press

Enzymes by Trevor palmer, East west Press

nzyme Technology by Messing

Reference books:

Enzymes : Dixon and Webb.(IRL Press)

Enzyme technology by Chaplin and Bucke. Cambridge Univerity Press

Biochemical engineering fundamentals, second edition. James E Bailey, David F., Ollis, McGraw Hill Intl. Edition

MBT-451: DISSERTATION

A student has to make a latest technology based project in their respective stream. It may be

hardware or software based.

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