manual de tutoreo de solanaceas

21
8/16/2019 Manual de Tutoreo de Solanaceas http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/manual-de-tutoreo-de-solanaceas 1/21

Upload: ricardo-de-la-cruz

Post on 05-Jul-2018

220 views

Category:

Documents


0 download

TRANSCRIPT

Page 1: Manual de Tutoreo de Solanaceas

8/16/2019 Manual de Tutoreo de Solanaceas

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/manual-de-tutoreo-de-solanaceas 1/21

Page 2: Manual de Tutoreo de Solanaceas

8/16/2019 Manual de Tutoreo de Solanaceas

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/manual-de-tutoreo-de-solanaceas 2/21

Page 3: Manual de Tutoreo de Solanaceas

8/16/2019 Manual de Tutoreo de Solanaceas

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/manual-de-tutoreo-de-solanaceas 3/21

(")*+#,%%$-"

La domesticación implica la selección de plantas con ciertas características deseables. Las/=-#$-> )(=$*@-'-> F-:& 0>$0 $*/& '0 /%0>*&#0> '0 >0=0))*+#P /%0>0#$-# 0= >Q#'%&.0 '0 '&)-)*+# )(J&> %->R&> >&#S -(.0#$& 0# 0= $-.-E& '0= K%($&P .-J&% >()(=0#)*-P '*>.*#(J0 =- ))*'-' '0 '*>/0%>*+# '0 =- >0.*==- J =- %0/%&'())*+# >0T(-= '0 =- /=-#$- ?UBLas Solanáceas (Familia "#$%&%'(%( ) son plantas herbáceas, arbustivas y 1*<(0<*1G,8(1H -&)<&:-> R0#0%-=.0#$0 -=$0%#->A 7- K-.*=*- 0>$H '*>$%*F(*'- 0# $&'& 0= .(#'&P )&# 0T)0/)*

6#$H%$*'-A ,= .-J&% #V.0%& '0 0>/0)*0> '0 8&=-#H)0-> >0 0#)(0#$%- 0# 6.I%*)- '0= 8(%

6.I%*)- ;0#$%-=A W0#$%& '0 0>$- K-.*=*- >0 0#)(0#$%-#S"9I El género Solanum como: el tomate o jitomate (8&=-#(. =*)&/0%>*)(.2 ? '( E/0/)J/)(

$8&=-#(. .0=&#R0#- 29

#9I El género Capsicum (chiles o pimientos) como: el chile verde (;-/>*)(. -##((. 2H /'F0== /0//0% & /*.*0#$& '(=)0P 0= D-=-/0E&P )<*=0 <-F-#0%&P 0$)A

39I El género Physalis como: tomate de cáscara o tomate verde ( C<J>-=*> *T&)-%/-2 G&@(10>$-> '0 *./&%$-#)*- <&%$Q)&=- ?XBA

"#>$-=-)*+# '0 '&F=0 <*=0%-'0 .-==- 12342567768PF-:& $V#0= '0 K&%G-'&A

6.-%%0 '0 =- .-==-12342567768 -=&> /&>$0>

56YZ67 W, 4Z423,2 W, 8276Y6;,68 ;2Y 12342567768

."),)+*/#+Hoy en día se &"),)+*/" =&> )(=$*@&>P /-%- -(.0#$-% =- >(/0%K*)*0 '0 >*0.F%-[ J $-.F*I#

.0:&%-% =- )-=*'-' '0 =&> K%($&>A."),)+*/* tu cultivo permite una mejor distribución de las plantas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una hectárea de tomate en campo abierto (puede ser más o menos), eso de-/0#'0%H '0 =- )-#$*'-' '0 /=-#$-> /&% .0$%& )(-'%-'& J =- -=$(%- - =- L(0 >0 '0:0# )%0)0% =-

/=-#$->AEn la década de los 60´s en Europa, se comenzaron a fabricar mallas de polipropileno, mejoran-

'& 0= .I$&'& '0 &"),)+*/#+0 M&1 1,1G/+(1 @/ &"),)+*/#+ -&) +(''( /1.('@/0(H 1&) 0/1,1G/)G/1 ?/%&/&%)*&#-# (# .0:&% >&/&%$0 - =&> )(=$*@&>A W0 0>$- K&%.- >0 /(0'0# /%0@0#*% =$*@&> )&.& =-> @-%*-)*&#0> )=*.H$*)-> L(0 <0.&> @0#*'& &F>0%@-#'& 0# 0>$&> V=$K(0%$0> @*0#$&> L(0 $%&G-# =-> %-.-> J =-> ==(@*-> *#$0#>-> L(0 '0>$%&G-# =-> <&/0%:('*)-# '0 .-#0%- >*R#*K*)-$*@- =&> )(=$*@&> ?0# /%&'())*+# J )-=*'-'BP .0%.-#'& =- 0)&'0 =&> /%&'()$&%0>A

7 * 8 & "

) $ " / 9

` a b

? U U B a c d b

M

: * / 6

$ 3 9 ` a a

? X U B e a ^ ^

M U a b

d

; 2 $ 3 & 9

` a \

? X X B a d U

M b d c c

. 6 4 /

< / 9

` e b

? c a B ^ c e

M ^ ^ \

c

= , /

) & 1 /

3 / 9

? a ^ X B X X \ d

U X ^ b

> ? @

$ % + 9

` a X

? e e B U ^ e U

M X X X ^

A & * B 9

` a U

? U B ] ^ c

M ] c U d

A / " / 1

C 9

` a ^ ]

? ] B d e e

M c ] ^ ]

D "

$ ) & # E ) / ) & 6 9

` U

? c ^ b B X a ^

M ^ c b e

Page 4: Manual de Tutoreo de Solanaceas

8/16/2019 Manual de Tutoreo de Solanaceas

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/manual-de-tutoreo-de-solanaceas 4/21

Page 5: Manual de Tutoreo de Solanaceas

8/16/2019 Manual de Tutoreo de Solanaceas

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/manual-de-tutoreo-de-solanaceas 5/21

I+1/)& KE+3/",1 3$%+4&*6$%,1"

El tomate rojo o jitomate, es originario del nuevo mundo (América). Y se reconoce que México(en específico Veracruz y Puebla) es el centro de domesticación del tomate. A la llegada de los0>/-E&=0> - 6.I%*)-P 0= $&.-$0 %&:& J- <-FQ- -=)-#G-'& (#- K->0 '0 '&.0>$*)-)*+# -@-#G-'-0#)&#$%-#'& (#- @-%*0'-' 0# 0= K%($& -R%(/-'&> /&% K&%.-P $-.-E&P )&=&% J -)&>$*==-'$&> ?\BA 7- >0.*==- /%0>0#$- (#- K&%.- =0#$*)(=-% -/=-#-'-[ =- %-QG 0>$H K&%.-'- /&% (#-

)*/-= )&# %-Q)0> >0)(#'-%*-> J -'@0#$*)*->[ =- K=&% 0> '0 )&=&% -.-%*==&P 0>$H )&./(0>>I/-=&> & .H>P )*#)& /I$-=&> & .H> J '0 )*#)& - >0*> 0>$-.F%0>[ 0= K%($& 0> '0 K&%.- R=&(#- F-J- )(J&> )&=&%0> @-# '0= -.-%*==& -= %&:&P )&# (# >-F&% (# /&)& H)*'&A 80 /(0'0 )K%0>)& & /%&)0>-'& ?\BA ,= $&.-$0 0> *#>0#>*F=0 - =- '(%-)*+# '0= 'Q-P -(#L(0 %0L(*0%F(0#- )-#$*'-' '0 =(GP >0 )(=$*@- '0 =&> X^ <->$- =&> X^^^ .>#.P =- $0./0%-$(%- +/$*.- 0# 0= 'Q0> '0 e^g; J /&% =- #&)<0 0> '0 U\g; ?>* 0# =- #&)<0 =- $0./0%-$(%- '0= K%($& ==0R- - >(/0%26°C los frutos no cuajan). Q) '( (-G*(',@(@ 1/ '/ -'(1,L,-( @/ '( 1,4*,/)G/ +()/0(N

H&$"+9 A3/")/&

L$M$6$-"9 I*/%2&+42N)/

;3/6&9 >/8"+3$+46$#/

G*#&"9 E+3/"/3&6

O/1$3$/9 E+3/"/%&/&

=?"&*+9!"#$%&'

.64&%$&9 E+3/",1 3N%+4&*6$%,1 #$

*Los datos de la clasificación se encuentran en <$$/SffhhhA*$*>AR&@f>0%@=0$f8*#R=03/$f

>0-%)<j$&/*)k48Yl>0-%)<j@-=(0kaXU\]U,= $&.-$0 0> (#& '0 =&> )(=$*@&> L(0 .H> >0 /%&'()0 - #*@0= .(#'*-=P 0#$%0 =&> a^ /-Q>0/-=0> L(0 /%&'()0# 0>$- <&%$-=*G- 0# 0= X^Ue >0 0#)(0#$%- ;<*#-P )&#$*#0#$-= 0# /%*.0% (# a^PaaXPX^^A^^ $&#0=-'->[ "#'*-P ,AZA6A J 4(%L(Q- 0>$H# 0# >0R(#'&P $0%)0% J )(-%$&/0)$*@-.0#$0 )&# (#- /%&'())*+# '0 0#$%0 UUP^^^P^^^A^^ - =&> UdP^^^P^^^A^^ $&#0=-'->A,>/-E- J 5IT*)& >&# /-Q>0> L(0 )&# (#- /%&'())*+# 0#$%0 =&> eP^^^P^^^A^^ - =&> bP^^^P^'0 $&#0=-'-> L(0'-# '0#$%& '0 =&> U^ /%*#)*/-=0> /%&'()$&%0> '0 $&.-$0 - #*@0= .(#'*-= W&#'0 =- /%&'())*+# '0 0>$- <&%$-=*G- &)(/- 0= =(R-% #(.0%& UU '0 =&> /%*#)*/-=0> /%&;<*#-P )&#$*#0#$-= J =- *#'*-[ .*0#$%-> L(0 0# ,AZA6A =- /%&'())*+# '0 $&.-$0 0>$- 0# 0=#V.0%& U^ ?XaBA

"#$%#& '( )%)*+(* '( ,*&#$#-(#, -*$ .*+)*"#&&#, 7 * 8 & "

) $ " / 9

` a b

? U U B a c d b

M

: * / 6

$ 3 9 ` a a

? X U B e a ^ ^

M U a b

d

; 2 $ 3 & 9

` a \

? X X B a d U

M b d c c

. 6 4 /

< / 9

` e b

? c a B ^ c e

M ^ ^ \

c

= , /

) & 1 /

3 / 9

? a ^ X B X X \ d

U X ^ b

> ? @

$ % + 9

` a X

? e e B U ^ e U

M X X X ^

A & * B 9

` a U

? U B ] ^ c

M ] c U d

A / " / 1

C 9

` a ^ ]

? ] B d e e

M c ] ^ ]

D "

$ ) & # E ) / ) & 6 9

` U

? c ^ b B X a ^

M ^ c b e

Page 6: Manual de Tutoreo de Solanaceas

8/16/2019 Manual de Tutoreo de Solanaceas

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/manual-de-tutoreo-de-solanaceas 6/21

:&*&"P&"/ KE+3/",1 1&3+"8&"/"

Conocida como berenjena oriental, berenjena asiática o melanzana, esta especie es originaria de=-> %0R*&#0> $%&/*)-=0> J >(F $%&/*)-=0> '0 6>*-A C-%- 0= -E& UPX^^ J- >0 )(=$*@-F- 0#>-%Q- /&>$0%*&%.0#$0 /&% 0= .0'*$0%%H#0& J %0>$& '0 ,(%&/-A ,> (#- /=-#$- '0 )=*.-> >0)&>P %0L(*0%0 '0 XeMXag; 0# /%&.0'*&P '0 U^ - UX <&%-> '0 =(G ?=& )&#$%-%*& /(0-F&%$& '0 K=&%0>BP =- 1(.0'-' 30=-$*@- /(0'0 @-%*- '0 a^M\amP >(0=&> K%-#)&> J /%&K(%0> '0 C1 '0 \M] ?]BA 8( )*)=& 0# >0.*==0%& 0> '0 (#&> e^ 'Q-> J >( )*)=& 0# /=-#$-)*+# 0>

160 y 180 días. La mejor época para sembrar en semilleros es de septiembre a diciembre y de&)$(F%0 - 0#0%& /-%- /=-#$-)*+# ?XUBA C&>00 (#- %-QG /%*#)*/-= )&# .()<-> %-*)*==-> '0 %0@0>$*.*0#$&B[ 0= $-==& 0> K(0%$0 J /(0'0 -=)-#G-% (#- -=$(%- '0 X - e .0$%&> '0/0#'*0$*/& '0 )(=$*@& ?'0$0%.*#-'& & *#'0$0%.*#-'&B[ =- <&:- /%0>0#$- (# /0)*&=& =-%R&P '0 <&R%-#'0P -)&.&'-'-> '0 K&%.- -=$0%#- 0# 0= $-==&[ =-> K=&%0> >&# '0 )&=&% @*&=0$-[ 0= '& J '0 K&%.- R=&F&>-P /(0'0 @-%*-% '0 )&=&% @- '0>'0 0= .&%-'&P #0R%&P F=-#)& J )&.F)&.& 0= F=-#)& :->/0-'& ?.&%-'& & @0%'0B ?XdBA ,# =- -)$(-=*'-' >0 ;=->*K*)- '0 =- >*R(*0#$#0%-S

H&$"+9 A3/")/&L$M$6$-"9 I*/%2&+42N)/

;3/6&9 >/8"+3$+46$#/

G*#&"9 E+3/"/3&6

O/1$3$/9 E+3/"/%&/&

=?"&*+9 "#$%&'(

.64&%$&9 E+3/",1 1&3+"8&"/ #$

*Los datos de la clasificación se encuentran en http://www.itis.gov/servlet/8*#R=03/$f8*#R=03/$i>0-%)<j$&/*)k48Yl>0-%)<j@-=(0ke^bb\

,# =- /%&'())*+# '0 F0%0#:0#- /-%- 0= X^UeP ;<*#- ?)&#$*#0#$-=B K(0 0= /%*#/%&'()$&% )&# XdPbeePa^^A^^ $&#0=-'->[ 0# >0R(#'& =(R-% 0>$- "#'*- "3H555HCCC9CC G&)/'(@(1 ? /) G/0-/0 '*4(0 /1G( R0() -&) "H365H"A69CC G&)/'(@(1$#:29

"#$%#& '( )%)*+(* '( ,*&#$#-(#, -*$ .*+)*"#&&#, 7 * 8 & "

) $ " / 9

` a b

? U U B a c d b

M

: * / 6

$ 3 9 ` a a

? X U B e a ^ ^

M U a b

d

; 2 $ 3 & 9

` a \

? X X B a d U

M b d c c

. 6 4 /

< / 9

` e b

? c a B ^ c e

M ^ ^ \

c

= , /

) & 1 /

3 / 9

? a ^ X B X X \ d

U X ^ b

> ? @

$ % + 9

` a X

? e e B U ^ e U

M X X X ^

A & * B 9

` a U

? U B ] ^ c

M ] c U d

A / " / 1

C 9

` a ^ ]

? ] B d e e

M c ] ^ ]

D "

$ ) & # E ) / ) & 6 9

` U

? c ^ b B X a ^

M ^ c b e

Page 7: Manual de Tutoreo de Solanaceas

8/16/2019 Manual de Tutoreo de Solanaceas

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/manual-de-tutoreo-de-solanaceas 7/21

;2$3&6 K;/46$%,1 /"",,1 M/*0 /"",,1 J0 "

Es originario de Mesoamérica, donde fue domesticado hace más de 6,000 años. Existen varieda-'0> >*=@0>$%0> '0 0>$- 0>/0)*0P )&.& 0= )<*=$0/Q# & )<*=0 /*L(Q# ?eBA 7- 0>/0)*0 ;-/>*)(. @-%A -##((. es la forma domesticada y es una de las más importantes en el mundo, se le conoce)&# (#- R%-# @-%*0'-' '0 #&.F%0>P -R%(/-#'& =- .-J&%Q- '0 $*/&> )(=$*@-'&> )&.&S .&%/*.*0#$&P .*%->&=P :-=-/0E&P -#)<&P >0%%-#&P 0$)A 7- @-%*0'-' ;A -##((. @-%A -##((. L*/ @&+/1I$*)-'- 0# 50>&-.I%*)-P )&#)%0$-.0#$0 0# 5IT*)&[ )(J&> @0>$*R*&> -%L(0&=+R*)&> '0 =&

.H> -#$*R(&> '0 )<*=0 '-$-# 0#$%0 =&> -E&> \Pa^^MaPa^^ 6A;A 0# 40<(-)H# ?dBAEs una planta perenne, que se cultiva como anual, es de porte arbustivo, su raíz principal es pi-@&$-#$0 J /(0'0 ==0R-% - .0'*% /&)& .H> '0 (# .0$%& '0 -=$&A 80 '*>$%*F(J0 J >0 )(=$*@- '0#*@0= '0= .-% <->$- =&> XPa^^ .>#.P 0> >0#>*F=0 - $0./0%-$(%-> F-:->P >*0#'& =- $0./0%-$(%.- Xbg; ?eBA 6)$(-=.0#$0 >0 )=->*K*)- '0 =- >*R(*0#$0 .-#0%-S

H&$"+9 A3/")/&

L$M$6$-"9 I*/%2&+42N)/

;3/6&9 >/8"+3$+46$#/

G*#&"9 E+3/"/3&6

O/1$3$/9 E+3/"/%&/&

=?"&*+9)$*+,-&'

.64&%$&9 ;/46$%,1 /"",,1 #$

*Los datos de la clasificación se encuentran en http://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?>0-%)<j$&/*)k48Yl>0-%)<j@-=(0ke^bcX

En el 2013, la producción de chiles y pimientos estaba liderada por china (continental) con una/%&'())*+# '0 UaPd^^P^^A^^ $&#0=-'->P 5IT*)& &)(/- 0= >0R(#'& =(R-% 0# /%&'())*+# )2,294,400.00 toneladas y en tercer lugar en producción esta Turquía con 2,159,348.00 tonela-'-> ?X\BA

"#$%#& '( )%)*+(* '( ,*&#$#-(#, -*$ .*+)*"#&&#, 7 * 8 & "

) $ " / 9

` a b

? U U B a c d b

M

: * / 6

$ 3 9 ` a a

? X U B e a ^ ^

M U a b

d

; 2 $ 3 & 9

` a \

? X X B a d U

M b d c c

. 6 4 /

< / 9

` e b

? c a B ^ c e

M ^ ^ \

c

= , /

) & 1 /

3 / 9

? a ^ X B X X \ d

U X ^ b

> ? @

$ % + 9

` a X

? e e B U ^ e U

M X X X ^

A & * B 9

` a U

? U B ] ^ c

M ] c U d

A / " / 1

C 9

` a ^ ]

? ] B d e e

M c ] ^ ]

D "

$ ) & # E ) / ) & 6 9

` U

? c ^ b B X a ^

M ^ c b e

Page 8: Manual de Tutoreo de Solanaceas

8/16/2019 Manual de Tutoreo de Solanaceas

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/manual-de-tutoreo-de-solanaceas 8/2156YZ67 W, 4Z423,2 W, 8276Y6;,68 ;2Y 12342567768

,= /*.*0#$& 0> '0 $*/& -%F(>$*@&P >0 )(=$*@- )&.& -#(-= J /(0'0 )%0)0% <->$- ]a ). '0 -=$& '0/'*0#'& '0 =- @-%*0'-' '0 /*.*0#$&A ,= $-==& >0 %-.*K*)- '0 (#- K&%.- '*)&$+.*)- J >&F%0 =-> >0 -/%0)*-# =-> <&:-> '0 (# )&=&% @0%'0 *#$0#>&P '0 (# $-.-E& .0'*&A 7-> K=&%0> >&# F*>(%R0# '0 =-> -T*=-> '0 =-> %-.*K*)-)*&#0>[ =-> K=&%0> .*'0# -/%&T*.-'-.0#$0 U ).P )&#/I$-=&>P )*#)& >I/-=&> J )H=*G '0#$-'&A ,= K%($& 0> (#- F-J- L(0 /(0'0 @-%*-% 0# K&%.- J/0>-#'& '0 (#&> R%-.&> <->$- .0'*& _*=& ?'0 K&%.- %0'&#'-P )*=Q#'%*)-P )(F*)-P 0$)AB ?eeB

7- $0./0%-$(%- .0'*- /-%- 0>$0 )(=$*@& 0> '0 XXMXeg/(0> >&# /=-#$-> '0 )=*.-> $%&/*)-=0> J >(F$%&/*)-=

(#- $0./0%-$(%- '0 e^g; & .H>P /0%:('*)- - =-> /=-#$->/%&@&)-#'& 0= -F&%$& '0 =-> K=&%0> J 0# $-= )->&'- '0 K%($&>A ,= >(0=& '0F0 >0% KI%$*=P )&# (# F(0# '&P C1 )&# $0#'0#)*- H)*'- J 0= %*0R& '0F0 >0% R0#0>&A 80 %0)&.*0#'- 0L(*=*F%-% =&> #($%*0#$0> 0# )&# K0%$*=*G-)*&#0>P 0# =- /&'- >0 %0)&.*0#'- )&%0T$%0.& 0# '0>-%%&==& '0 =-> /=-#$->P ->Q >0 0>$*.()&#'()$- -%F(>$*@-P >0 %0)&.*0#'-&"),)+*/* K*/ +,@()'0 \^ ). '0 -=$& & .H> ?eUBA

A$1$&")+ K!"#$%&'( "**''( @-%A "**''( "

,= /*.*0#$& .&%%+# 0> (#- '0 =-> @-%*0'-'0> '0 =- 0>/0)*0 ?!"#$%&'( "**''( M92 K*/ 1/ -&)1*I.0# 0# 0= .(#'& )&.& (#- @0%'(%-A 6 0>$- @-%*0'-' =- )&#&)0# )&.& )<*=0 '(=)0P /*.*0#$&P miento morrón o chile de campana (en ingles “bell pepper”). Su origen se remonta a Perú y Boli-@*-P '&#'0 -'0.H> '0 =- 0>/0)*0 ;-/>*)(. -##((. 7 ., se cultivan otras cuatro especies más.80 =0> /(0'0 0#)&#$%-% 0# '*K0%0#$0> $-.-E&>P )&=&%0> J K&%.-> ?eXP eeBA

Q/3/4&<+ K!"#$%&'( "**''( @-%A "**''(+

W0#$%& '0 =- R%-# @-%*0'-' '0 )<*=0> L(0 >0 )(=$*@-# 0# 0= .(#'&P >0 0#)(0#$%- 0= )<*=0 :E&P (#- '0 =-> @-%*0'-'0> .H> )&#>(.*'-> 0# 7-$*#&-.I%*)-A ,>$- @-%*0'-' '0 )<*=0 >0 '0>-M%%&==- F*0# 0# @-%*&> $*/&> '0 >(0=&P /%0K0%0#$0.0#$0 0# >(0=&> K%-#)&M-%0#&>)&#$-% )&# (# F(0# '%0#-:0P 0T)0=0#$0 %0$0#)*+# '0 <(.0'-' J -*%0-)*+# ?ebBA7- $0./0%-$(%- .0'*- +/$*.- /-%- 0= '0>-%%&==& '0= )<*=0 :-=-/0E& 0> '0 XXg; '(%-#$0 0= 'Q- '(%-#$0 =- #&)<0 0> U\Aag;A 6 .0#&% $0./0%-$(%- >0 /(0'0 /%0>0#$-% /I%'*'- '0 K=&%0> ?-F&'0 K=&%0>B J >0 -=0$-%R- 0= )%0)*.*0#$& '0 =- /=-#$-[ $0./0%-$(%-> /&% -%%*F- '0 =&> eX/(0'0 <-F0% /I%'*'- '0 K=&%0 J '0 K%($&> ?ebBA

6 0>$- @-%*0'-' '0 )<*=0 @0%'0 >0 =0 )&#&)0 )&.V#.0#$0 )&.& )<*=0 :-=-/0E&P >*# 0.F-%R& $-.F*I# >0 =0 )&#&)0 )&)<*=0 )(-%0>.0E&P )<*=0 R&%'&P )<*=0 C-/-=&-/-#P )<*=0 o chile “Alegría”. Es una planta de comportamiento anual, con$-==&> 0%0)$&> J %-.*K*)-'&> '0 )&=&% @0%'0 &>)(%&>&# F=-#)-> J >0 K&%.-# 0# =-> (#*&#0> '0 =-> %-.-> ?-T*=-80 )&#>(.0 K%0>)&P )&)*'& & /%&)0>-'&P -'0.H> 0> )&#>*'%-'& (#& '0 =&> )<*=0> .-> *./&%$-#$0> 0# =- 0)&#&.Q- ?eaB

7 * 8 & "

) $ " / 9

` a b

? U U B a c d b

M

: * / 6

$ 3 9 ` a a

? X U B e a ^ ^

M U a b

d

; 2 $ 3 & 9

` a \

? X X B a d U

M b d c c

. 6 4 /

< / 9

` e b

? c a B ^ c e

M ^ ^ \

c

= , /

) & 1 /

3 / 9

? a ^ X B X X \ d

U X ^ b

> ? @

$ % + 9

` a X

? e e B U ^ e U

M X X X ^

A & * B 9

` a U

? U B ] ^ c

M ] c U d

A / " / 1

C 9

` a ^ ]

? ] B d e e

M c ] ^ ]

D "

$ ) & # E ) / ) & 6 9

` U

? c ^ b B X a ^

M ^ c b e

Page 9: Manual de Tutoreo de Solanaceas

8/16/2019 Manual de Tutoreo de Solanaceas

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/manual-de-tutoreo-de-solanaceas 9/2156YZ67 W, 4Z423,2 W, 8276Y6;,68 ;2Y 12342567768

80 )%00 L(0 =- '&.0>$*)-)*+# '0 0>$-0>/0)*0 >0 '*& 0# 0= -.-G&#->A ,= )<*=0.H> %0/%0>0#$-$*@& '0 =- @-%*0'-'!,&-.*/*$/ 0> 0= 1-F-#0%&P %0R*>$%H#'&>0.-$0%*-= >*=@0>$%0 0# C0%VP ,)(-'&% J9%->*=A ,> (#- /=-#$- -%F(>$*@- '0-/%&T*.-'-.0#$0 UAa. '0 -=$&P )&# '&>

& .H> K=&%0> /&% #('&P )&=R-#$0>[ =&> K%(M$&> @-%Q-# 0# )&=&%-)*+# '0>'0 )-KIM%&:*G&P -.-%*==&M#-%-#:-P -.-%*==&M=*.+# J$-.F*I# @-%Q-# 0# K&%.- ?eaBA,>$- 0>/0)*0 0>$- -'-/$-'- - G&#-> $%&M/*)-=0>P )(=$*@H#'&>0 0# 5IT*)&P 6.I%*)-;0#$%-=P 0# 0= 6.-G&#-> J 0# 0= >(% '09%->*=A C&% =& R0#0%-= =-> >0.*==-> >0 )&M=&)-# 0# >0.*==0%&> '&#'0 >0 =0> /%&/&%M)*&#-# )&#'*)*&#0> K-@&%-F=0> /-%- >(.0:&% '0>-%%&==& J )%0)*.*0#$& J /&>$0M%*&%.0#$0 >0 $%->/=-#$-#A

;2$3& F/R/"&*+$!"#$%&'( &-%*/*$/ 2

,= $0%%0#& '&#'0 >0 )&=&)-%-# =-> /=H#$(=-> '0F0 $0#0% F(0# '%0#-:0P >0 /(0'0 )(=$*@-% 0)*0 '0>'0 0= #*@0= '0= .-% <->$- =&> X]^^ .>#. J /-%- (# F(0# '0>-%%&==& %0L(*0%0 '0 0#$%1000mm de precipitación para un mejor rendimiento. Favorecen al cultivo las pendientes inferio-%0> -= amP )&# (# $0%%0#& /=-#& ( &#'(=-'&[ 0> .&'0%-'-.0#$0 $&=0%-#$0 - =- >-=*#*'-' J /'0>-%%&==-%>0 '0 .-#0%- +/$*.- )&# (# C1 '0 \Aa ?eaBA

;2$3& >/"S/"+ $!"#$%&'( #'0/$&/*$ 2,>$- 0>/0)*0P 0>$- -./=*-.0#$0 '*>$%*F(*'- 0#

6.I%*)- '0 8(% J )%0)0 0# -=$*$('0> L(0 @-#'0>'0 =&> UPa^^ <->$- =&> eP^^^ .>#.A 80 =0conoce en México como “perón”, “manzano”,“ciruelo”, “cera” o “cenario”; en Guatemala ledicen “chamboroto”; y en América del sur se leconoce como “rocoto”. Son plantas herbáceas& -%F(>$*@-> L(0 /(0'0# .0'*% <->$- e .0$%&>'0 -=$&P =-> <&:-> /(0'0# >0% =*>-> & '0#>.0#$0 /(F0>)0#$0>P =-> K=&%0> >&# '0 )&/V%/(%-P =-> <&:-> >&# R%-#'0> J -%%(R-'80 )%00 L(0 0= /(#$& '0 &%*R0# K(0 9&=*@-(# >0 '*>$%*F(J0 0# =&> 6#'0>P 0# =&> -=$&9&=*@*- - ;&=&.F*- ?eaBA

;<*=0 5-#G-#& & %&)&$&

n=&%0> .&%-'->L(0 >(%R0# '0 =&>#('&> '0 =-> %-M.->A

7 * 8 & "

) $ " / 9

` a b

? U U B a c d b

M

: * / 6

$ 3 9 ` a a

? X U B e a ^ ^

M U a b

d

; 2 $ 3 & 9

` a \

? X X B a d U

M b d c c

. 6 4 /

< / 9

` e b

? c a B ^ c e

M ^ ^ \

c

= , /

) & 1 /

3 / 9

? a ^ X B X X \ d

U X ^ b

> ? @

$ % + 9

` a X

? e e B U ^ e U

M X X X ^

A & * B 9

` a U

? U B ] ^ c

M ] c U d

A / " / 1

C 9

` a ^ ]

? ] B d e e

M c ] ^ ]

D "

$ ) & # E ) / ) & 6 9

` U

? c ^ b B X a ^

M ^ c b e

Page 10: Manual de Tutoreo de Solanaceas

8/16/2019 Manual de Tutoreo de Solanaceas

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/manual-de-tutoreo-de-solanaceas 10/21

I+1/)& #& %C6%/*/ KA2N6/3$6 42$3/#&342$%/ #%&$"

Su sinónimo es C<J>-=*> *T&)-%/- (*-G9 )&) E0&G9 /O S&0)/+H /1 -&)&-,@& -&+& G&+(G/ 8/0@/H$&.-$0 '0 )H>)-%-P .*=$&.-$0P 0$)A ,> (#- 8&=-#H)0- L(0 >0 )(=$*@-F- 0# 50>&-.I%*)- -#$0> =- ==0R-'- '0 =&> 0>/-E&=0>A 80 )%00 L(0 =- '&.0>$*)-)*+# >0 '*& 0# 0= >(% '0 5IT*)&P J- L0#)(0#$%- )&.& )(=$*@-'- J )&.& /=-#$- >*=@0>$%0 - =& =-%R& '0= C-Q>A ,> (#- <0%FH)0- ').P >(> @-%*0'-'0> )(=$*@-'-> >0 )&./&%$-# )&.& -#(-=0> ?UePUbBA C%0>0#$-# (#- %-QG )&

)&# %-.*K*)-)*&#0> >0)(#'-%*->P =- %-QG /(0'0 .0'*% <->$- \^).[ 0= $-==& /(0'0 >0% <0%FH=0E&>& 0# =- F->0 J )&# 0>$%Q->P -'0.H> '0 /%0>0#$-% @0==&>*'-'0>[ =-> <&:-> >&# >*./=.-%R0# *%%0R(=-%P >0 /%0>0#$-# '0 K&%.- -=$0%#-[ =-> K=&%0> >&# -.-%*==-> & 0#/V%/(%- )&# F=-#)&P )&# K&%.- '0 0>$%0==-[ 0= K%($& 0> -.-%*==&M@0%'&>&P '0 K&%)(0#$%- 0#@(0=$& /&% 0= )H=*G ?XcBA ,# =- -)$(-=*'-' >0 )=->*K*)- '0 =- >*R(*0#$0 .-#0%-S

H&$"+9 A3/")/&L$M$6$-"9 I*/%2&+42N)/

;3/6&9 >/8"+3$+46$#/

G*#&"9 E+3/"/3&6

O/1$3$/9 E+3/"/%&/&

=?"&*+9 A2N6/3$6

.64&%$&9 ./0+$#,+ ./,#$12#*/,-$ J/10

*Los datos de la clasificación se encuentran en http://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?>0-%)<j$&/*)k48Yl>0-%)<j@-=(0kaXc\eX

,# 0= X^UbP >0 %0/&%$+ (#- >(/0%K*)*0 >0.F%-'- '0 b\PaXbAac 1-P )&# (#- /%&'())*+# 661,141.11 toneladas y un valor de producción de 2, 404,944.16 pesos (4). Aunque el tomate%&:& >0 )(=$*@-F- .H> L(0 0= $&.-$0 '0 )H>)-%-P /-%- 0= X^Ub =- '*K0%0#)*- 0# <0)$H%0-'-> K(0 '0 aPda^AeXA ,>$& #&> <-)0 /0#>-% L(0 0= .0%)-'& '0 0>$0 /%&'()$& >0 0>$H -./=*-#'&$529

56YZ67 W, 4Z423,2 W, 8276Y6;,68 ;2Y 12342567768 7 * 8 & "

) $ " / 9

` a b

? U U B a c d b

M

: * / 6

$ 3 9 ` a a

? X U B e a ^ ^

M U a b

d

; 2 $ 3 & 9

` a \

? X X B a d U

M b d c c

. 6 4 /

< / 9

` e b

? c a B ^ c e

M ^ ^ \

c

= , /

) & 1 /

3 / 9

? a ^ X B X X \ d

U X ^ b

> ? @

$ % + 9

` a X

? e e B U ^ e U

M X X X ^

A & * B 9

` a U

? U B ] ^ c

M ] c U d

A / " / 1

C 9

` a ^ ]

? ] B d e e

M c ] ^ ]

D "

$ ) & # E ) / ) & 6 9

` U

? c ^ b B X a ^

M ^ c b e

Page 11: Manual de Tutoreo de Solanaceas

8/16/2019 Manual de Tutoreo de Solanaceas

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/manual-de-tutoreo-de-solanaceas 11/21

.6)*?6 1&%C"$%+ &" 43/")/6 N %+1+ #$61$",$*3+ &"),)+*/"#+ %+"

FGHIG>7JJ7E,= &6)*?6 1&%C"$%+0# /=-#$-> >0 /%0>0#$- '0 .-#0%- #-$(%-= '0F*'& - =- %0=-)*+# /=-#$

-.F*0#$0A 7-> /=-#$-> 0>$H# 0# (#- *#$0%-))*+# )&#>$-#$0 )&# )&#'*)*&#0> #-$(%-=0> )==(@*- & K(0%$0> @*0#$&>P R0#0%-#'& (# R%-'& '0 0>$%I> 0# =-> /=-#$-> L(0 K(#)*&#- “factormodelador” de la morfología de las plantas, pues el &6)*?6 1&%C"$%+T ?( 1/( .&0 -&)@,-,&)/1#-$(%-=0> & /%&@&)-'->P *#<*F0 0= )%0)*.*0#$& J '*.0#>*&#0> '0 =- .->- '0 )-'- /-%$0 '0

/=-#$- L(0 0> -K0)$-'-A ,# =- -R%*)(=$(%- >0 %0-=*G-#4*C%)$%/6 2+*)T%+3/6)&.&[ 0= $,)+*&+ @/=-> /=-#$->P =-> )(-=0> R0#0%-# (# 0>$%I> .0)H#*)& *./&%$-#$0 0# =&> )(=$*@&>P -0>$%I> #-$(%-= L(0 >(K%0# /&% =- ==(@*- & 0= @*0#$&A ,>$& /%&@&)- L(0 =-> /=-#$->$%0> 'Q-> 0# %0-#('-% >( )%0)*.*0#$& )(-#'& <-# >*'& 0>$%0>-'-> '0 K&%.- .0)H#*)- ?cPU^BA

,= &"),)+*/#+ es una de las prácticas hortíco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email protected]#$0 - %0/-%-% =&> '-E&> R0#0%-'&>A 6=*R(-=P >* =- /=-#$- K(0 .-#*/(=-'- /-%- .&'*K*M)-% =- /&>*)*+# 0# =- L(0 0>$-F-P >0 '0'*)-%HV#*)-.0#$0 - %0M-)&.&'-%>0 /-%- /&'0% &F$0M#0% =- )-#$*'-' +/$*.- '0 =(G & =- -*%0-)*+#-'0)(-'-A 6'0.H>P '0 L(0 0= (>& '0 %-K*- *.M/=*)- .()<- .-#& '0 &F%- J .-#*/(=-)*+# '0=-> /=-#$->P =& L(0 -(.0#$- 0= &6)*?6 1&%C"$5%+ K*&M$6/* &3 1/",/3 #& &6)*?6 1&%C"$%+&" )+1/)&U, así como el costo de producción'0= )(=$*@& ?cBA

5-#*/(=-)*+# '0 =-> /=-#$-> /%&@&)- 0>$%I> .0)H#*)&

,>$%I> .0)H#*)& )-(>-'& /&% 0= 0#$($&%-'& $%-'*)*&#-= -= .&.0#$& '0 -.-%%-% =-> /=-#$->

56YZ67 W, 4Z423,2 W, 8276Y6;,68 ;2Y 12342567768 7 * 8 & "

) $ " / 9

` a b

? U U B a c d b

M

: * / 6

$ 3 9 ` a a

? X U B e a ^ ^

M U a b

d

; 2 $ 3 & 9

` a \

? X X B a d U

M b d c c

. 6 4 /

< / 9

` e b

? c a B ^ c e

M ^ ^ \

c

= , /

) & 1 /

3 / 9

? a ^ X B X X \ d

U X ^ b

> ? @

$ % + 9

` a X

? e e B U ^ e U

M X X X ^

A & * B 9

` a U

? U B ] ^ c

M ] c U d

A / " / 1

C 9

` a ^ ]

? ] B d e e

M c ] ^ ]

D "

$ ) & # E ) / ) & 6 9

` U

? c ^ b B X a ^

M ^ c b e

Page 12: Manual de Tutoreo de Solanaceas

8/16/2019 Manual de Tutoreo de Solanaceas

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/manual-de-tutoreo-de-solanaceas 12/21

."V&*1&#/#&6 &" 6+3/"C%&/6 W,& 6& )*/"61$)&" #& V+*1/ 1&%C"$%/ N W,&4,&#&" 4*&M&"$* %+" FGHIG>7JJ7E0

C&% &$%& =-'&P -/-%$0 '0 /%&'()*%=0&6)*?6 a las plantas, los jornaleros también pueden contribuir)&.& @0)$&%0> '0 0#K0%.0'-'0> L(0 >0 $%-#>.*$-# '0 .-#0%- .0)H#*)- ?0# 0= .&.0#$& L(0 >0.-#*/(=- (#- /=-#$- *#K0)$-'- J >0 /->- - (#- /=-#$- >-#-P >0 )&#$-.*#- =- /=-#$- >-#-B - 0>$&>0 =0 #&.F%-)*/"61$6$-" 4+* %+")/%)+ & )*/"61$6$-" 1&%C"$%/9 Q1G(1 /)L/0+/@(@/1 1&) .0&I'()*'-> /&% V$)+4/)-8&"+6 que afectan a las plantas, produciendo múltiples síntomas que llegan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

C&% $-= .&$*@&P 0= (>& '0 #(0@&> .I$&'&> '0&"),)+*/#+ -&+& /'(>& '0 (#- .-==- '0 >&/&%$0 /-%- )(=$*@&> ?.0:&% )&#&)*'- )&.&.-==- 0>/-='0%- & .-==- $($&%-BP %0'()0 '0 .-#0%- >*R#*K*)-$*@&6)*?6 1&%C"$%+ /) .'()G(1H ./0+,G,/)@& K*/ '(1 .'()G(1 1/ @/1I-%%&==0# '0 .-#0%- =*F%0A ,@*$-#'& 0= 0>$%I> L(0 =&> :&%'()0# 0# =-> /=-#$->A 6'0.H>P '0 /%0@0#*% 0= )&#$-R*& '0 0#K0.0'-'0> L(0 >0 $%-#>.*$0# .0)H#*)-.0#$0 ?$%-F-:-'&%M/=-#$-BA

"#$%#& '( )%)*+(* '( ,*&#$#-(#, -*$ .*+)*"#&&#,

C%&$&)&=&> '0 >-#*'-'

1. Se debe contar con información precisa de la semilla que se0>$- )&./%-#'&P '&#'0 @0#R-# '-$&> )&.&S )&#'*)*&#0> F-:& =L(0 >0 )&#>*R(*+ =- >0.*==-P )&#'*)*&#0> 0>/0%-'-> /-%- >( '*>F()*+# J -=.-)0#-.*0#$&P %0#'*.*0#$& 0>/0%-'&P )-%-)$0%Q>$'0= K%($&P /&%)0#$-:0 '0 R0%.*#-)*+# J L(0 0>$I# =*F%0> '0 /-#&>A2. Es importante saber que cultivo estuvo antes, que químicos se

-/=*)-%&#P >-F0% >* <(F& 0#K0%.0'-'0> /%0>0#$0> J /-%- ->0%-%>0 L(0 0= $0%%0#& 0>$- =*>$& /-%- >0.F%-% <-J L(0 %0-'*&> /-%- @0% L(0 .*)%&&%R-#*>.&> <-JP /%0>0#)*- '0 .0$/0>-'&>P )-#$*'-' '0 #($%*0#$0>P 0$)A39 1*./08,1(0 '&1 -()('/1 @/ 0,/4& ? @0/)(J/959 V0(0 '( G,/00( .(0( /',+,)(0 G/00&)/1 ? ./0+,G,0 K*/ 1/ &O,4/)/969 S(-/0 1*0-&1 .(0( +/J&0(0 /' 1,1G/+( @/ 0,/4& ? ./0+,G,0 *)F(0# '%0#-:0 ?/-%- 0@*$-% *#(#'-)*&#0>BA:9 M'/8(0 *) 0/4,1G0& @/ '(1 @&1,1 ? '(1 L/->(1 /) K*/ 1/ (.',-()

C=-R(*)*'-> & <0%F*)*'->A;9 %/ 0/-&+,/)@( +/J&0 *1(0 (-&'->(@& .(0( -&)G0&' @/ +('/P(1 ? (>&00& @/ (4*(9A9 Q1 ,)@,1./)1(<'/ &"),)+*/* los cultivos como: Solanáceas y Cucurbitáceas 9. Es importante que antes y después de tocar las plántulas (en el trasplante) o las plantas(durante las prácticas agrícolas) para evitar que se puedan infectar con algún fitopatogeno, en0>/0)*-= 0# =- 0$-/- '0 /=H#$(=- L(0 0> )(-#'& .H> >(>)0/$*F=0> >&#A10. Se debe de realizar un monitoreo constante a los depósitos de agua o canales de donde se>-)- 0= -R(- /-%- 0= %*0R&A11. Se recomienda el riego por goteo, así como cultivar con sistemas de tutorado en espalderas;/&%L(0 >&# .0#&> /%&/0#>&> - )&#$-.*#-)*&#0>A12. La fertilización química debe de cubrir algunos aspectos como: contar con un lugar donde se-=.-)0#0# =&> L(Q.*)&>P )-'- K0%$*=*G-#$0 '0F0 )&#$-% )&# (# )0%$*K*)-'& '0 &%*R0#P %>*> K&=*-%0> J 0'HK*)&> /-%- '0$0%.*#-% =- )-#$*'-' '0 #($%*0#$0> L(0 >0 #0)0>*$- /-%- .-#$&/$*.-> )&#'*)*&#0> =- K0%$*=*'-' '0= >(0=& ?e^BA

5-#*/(=-)*+# '0 =-> /=-#$-> )&# %-K*-

7 * 8 & "

) $ " / 9

` a b

? U U B a c d b

M

: * / 6

$ 3 9 ` a a

? X U B e a ^ ^

M U a b

d

; 2 $ 3 & 9

` a \

? X X B a d U

M b d c c

. 6 4 /

< / 9

` e b

? c a B ^ c e

M ^ ^ \

c

= , /

) & 1 /

3 / 9

? a ^ X B X X \ d

U X ^ b

> ? @

$ % + 9

` a X

? e e B U ^ e U

M X X X ^

A & * B 9

` a U

? U B ] ^ c

M ] c U d

A / " / 1

C 9

` a ^ ]

? ] B d e e

M c ] ^ ]

D "

$ ) & # E ) / ) & 6 9

` U

? c ^ b B X a ^

M ^ c b e

Page 13: Manual de Tutoreo de Solanaceas

8/16/2019 Manual de Tutoreo de Solanaceas

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/manual-de-tutoreo-de-solanaceas 13/21

Page 14: Manual de Tutoreo de Solanaceas

8/16/2019 Manual de Tutoreo de Solanaceas

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/manual-de-tutoreo-de-solanaceas 14/21

>/"%2/ R/%)&*$/"/ KX/")2+1+"/6 M&6$%/)+*$/"0# /*.*0#$& J $&.-$0A

,> (#- 0#K0%.0'-' L(0 >0 /%0>0#$- )(-#M'& =-> )&#'*)*&#0> '0 $0./0%-$(%- J <(.0M'-' >&# 0=0@-'->A80 /%0>0#$-# >Q#$&.-> )&.& .-#)<-> '0)&=&% @0%'0 &>)(%& '0 K&%.- *%%0R(=-%P >0$&%#-# '0 )&=&% .-%%+# J /%0>0#$-# (# )&=&%/V%/(%- 0# =- )*%)(#K0%0#)*-A;-(>- =- '0K&=*-)*+# '0 =-> /=-#$-> -K0)$-M'-> /&% =& L(0 %0'()0 0= %0#'*.*0#$& '0 =->.*>.-> ?UaBA

C%0@0#)*+# '0 =- .-#)<- F-)$0%*-#-A

;&./%-% >0.*==- =*F%0 '0 /-$+R0#&>A5-#$0#0% =*./*& 0= )-./& ?'0>0)<&> '0 &$%-> )&>0)<->B5-#$0#0% =*./*-> =-> <0%%-.*0#$-> L(0 >0 (>-# /-%- 0= .-#0:& '0= )(=$*@& ?=*./*-% )(

>0 /->0 '0 (#- /=-#$- - &$%- & )-'- >(%)&BAY& .-#0:0 =-> /=-#$-> )(-#'& 0>$H# .&:-'->P ->Q 0@*$-%- '*>0.*#-% =- F-)$0%*-A80 %0)&.*0#'- =- %&$-)*+# '0 )(=$*@&>P /-%- %0'()*% =- /&F=-)*+# '0 F-)$0%*-> 0# 0$"629

Y$*,6 #&3 1+6/$%+ #&3 )/R/%+ KI>YU0

,> (#& '0 =&> @*%(> .0:&% )&#&)*'&> 0#-R%*)(=$(%-P /%0>0#$0 0# $-F-)& J $&.-$0P)&.& 0# .()<-> '0 =-> 0>/0)*0> '0 8&=-#HM)0->A ,>$- 0#K0%.0'-' >0 $%-#>.*$0 0>$%*)$.0#$0 /&% )&#$-)$& ?/=-#$- - /=-#$- + $%-F-:-'&% - /=-#$-B ?UdBA,= .&$0-'& '0 =-> <&:-> 0> =- /%*#)*/-= )-%-)M$0%Q>$*)-A,= )%0)*.*0#$& -#&%.-=W0K&%.-)*+# '0 =-> <&:->,# /=-#$-> .(J >(>)0/$*F=0>P >0 #0)%&>-# '0

.-#0%- %H/*'- =-> <&:-> )&.0#G-#'& '0>'0 0= /(#M$& '0 *#K0))*+# ?UcBA

C%0@0#)*+# '0 45OA

5-#$0#0% =*./*&> =&> )-./&> '0 %0>*'(&> '0 )&>0)<-> -#$0%*&%0>A7*./*-% <0%%-.*0#$-> J .-#&> '0 =&> $%-F-:-'&%0> -#$0> '0 0#$%-% 0# )&#$-)$& )&/=-#$->P '0 =- .*>.- .-#0%- )-'- L(0 >0 )-.F*- '0 /=-#$- & '0 >(%)&A;&./%-% >0.*==- =*F%0 '0 /-$+R0#&> & %0>*>$0#$0 - 0>$0 $*/& '0 @*%(> ?X^BA

Y0)%&>*> '0 =-> <&:-> ?.-#)<-> )&=&% .-%%+#B 0# )<*=0

5&$0-'& '0 =-> <&:-> '0 $&.-$0

5-#)<->0# =- /*0='0 =&>K%($&> '0$&.-$0

"#$%#& '( )%)*+(* '( ,*&#$#-(#, -*$ .*+)*"#&&#, 7 * 8 & "

) $ " / 9

` a b

? U U B a c d b

M

: * / 6

$ 3 9 ` a a

? X U B e a ^ ^

M U a b

d

; 2 $ 3 & 9

` a \

? X X B a d U

M b d c c

. 6 4 /

< / 9

` e b

? c a B ^ c e

M ^ ^ \

c

= , /

) & 1 /

3 / 9

? a ^ X B X X \ d

U X ^ b

> ? @

$ % + 9

` a X

? e e B U ^ e U

M X X X ^

A & * B 9

` a U

? U B ] ^ c

M ] c U d

A / " / 1

C 9

` a ^ ]

? ] B d e e

M c ] ^ ]

D "

$ ) & # E ) / ) & 6 9

` U

? c ^ b B X a ^

M ^ c b e

Page 15: Manual de Tutoreo de Solanaceas

8/16/2019 Manual de Tutoreo de Solanaceas

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/manual-de-tutoreo-de-solanaceas 15/21

Y$*,6 #&3 ."/"$61+ 7*R,6)$M+ #&3 I+1/)&'()*+"$

n(0 '0>)(F*0%$& 0# Ucea 0# p%-# 9%0$-ME-P >0 0#)(0#$%- 0# @-%*&> /-Q>0> )&.&S,(%&/-P Y&%$0 J 8('-.I%*)-P J qK%*)- '0=Y&%$0A80 /%0>0#$-# 0# <&:-> =0>*&#0> #0)%+$*M)-> )*%)(=-%0> J =&)-=0> ?0>$-> -/-%0)0#5 días después de que se contagia la/=-#$-BP >0 /&#0# -.-%*==0#$-> J )-0#A8* =- *#K0))*+# 0> >*>$I.*)-P =-> <&:->.H> :+@0#0> >0 %0$(0%)0# J #0)%&>-#-/*)-=.0#$0 ?XeBA

C%0@0#)*+# '0= ?498OBA

;&./%-% >0.*==- =*F%0 '0 /-$+R0#&>A7*./*-% G&#-> -=0'-E-> -= )(=$*@&P ->Q )&.& 0# 0= .*>.& )(=$*@&A

,>$0%*=*G-% <0%%-.*0#$-> J '0>*#K0)$-% .-#&> '0 =&> $%-F-:-'&%0> -#$0> J '0>/(I> )-'- /=-#$- & >(%)&A7- %&$-)*+# '0 )(=$*@&> /-%- '*>.*#(*% 0= %*0>R& '0 )&#$-R*& ?XePXbBA

7")*/%"+6$6 K;+33&)+)*$%2,1 %+%%+#&6" K%($&>'0= $&.-$0A

,= <&#R& >0 )&#>0%@- /&% =-%R& $*0./& %0>$&> '0 =-> )&>0)<->P 0>$- 0#K0%.0'--/-%0)0 0# $-==&>P <&:-> J K%($&>A 7- <'-' %0=-$*@- 0#$%0 0= da J U^^m J $0./0%-$%- 0#$%0 XX J X]g; >&# K-@&%-F=0> /-%- >-%%&==& '0 0>$0 <&#R&A 7&> K%($&> /*0%'0# )-=*'-' J >0 $&%#-# >0F=0> -= $%-#>/&%$0,> .H> '*KQ)*= )&#>0%@-%=&> K%0>)&>A,# K%($&> .-'(%&>P =- =0>*+# >0 <-)0 @*>0# a & \ 'Q-> ?XUPX]BA

C%0@0#)*+# '0 =- -#$%-)#&>*>A

;&./%-% >0.*==- =*F%0 '0 /-$+R0#&>A;(=$*@-% 0# >(0=&> )&# F(0# '%0#-'&A30-=*G-% %&$-)*+# '0 )(=$*@&>A,>$0%*=*G-)*+# '0 =-> <0%%-.*0#$-> J '0>*#K0))*+# '0 .-#&> '0 =&> :&%#-=0%&> ?-#$/(I> '0 $%-F-:-% (#- /=-#$- & (# >(%)&B7*./*-% 0= $0%%0#& '0 =&> %0>$&> '0 )&>0)<-> /->-'-> ?XUPX]BA

"#$%#& '( )%)*+(* '( ,*&#$#-(#, -*$ .*+)*"#&&#,

70>*&#0> #0)%+$*)-> 0# =&> K%($&> .-'(%&>

5-#)<-> #0)%+$*)-> 0# =-> <&:->

7 * 8 & "

) $ " / 9

` a b

? U U B a c d b

M

: * / 6

$ 3 9 ` a a

? X U B e a ^ ^

M U a b

d

; 2 $ 3 & 9

` a \

? X X B a d U

M b d c c

. 6 4 /

< / 9

` e b

? c a B ^ c e

M ^ ^ \

c

= , /

) & 1 /

3 / 9

? a ^ X B X X \ d

U X ^ b

> ? @

$ % + 9

` a X

? e e B U ^ e U

M X X X ^

A & * B 9

` a U

? U B ] ^ c

M ] c U d

A / " / 1

C 9

` a ^ ]

? ] B d e e

M c ] ^ ]

D "

$ ) & # E ) / ) & 6 9

` U

? c ^ b B X a ^

M ^ c b e

Page 16: Manual de Tutoreo de Solanaceas

8/16/2019 Manual de Tutoreo de Solanaceas

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/manual-de-tutoreo-de-solanaceas 16/21

Y$*,6 X #& 3/ 4/4/ KAYXU &" 4$1$&")+0,>$0 @*%(> >0 <&>/0'- 0# =- .-J&%Q- '0=-> 0>/0)*0> '0 8&=-#H)0->A 7&> >Q#$&M.-> R0#0%-=0> >&#S7-> #0%@-'(%-> 0# =-> <&:-> -/*)-=0> >0@-# -)=-%-#'&P /&>$0%*&%.0#$0 >0 #0)%&M>-# ?/->-#'& '0 $&#&> /-%'&> - .-%%&M

#0> )->* #0R%&>BAC(0'0 <-F0% #0)%&>*> '0 =&> /0)*&=&>L(0 /%&/*)*- =- /I%'*'- '0 K&==-:0AC(0'0 0T*>$*% #0)%&>*> 0# =-> K=&%0> J 0#=&> K%($&>A

C%0@0#)*+# '0= ?CONBA

;&./%-% >0.*==- =*F%0 '0 /-$+R0#&>A7*./*-% >*$*&> -=0'-E&> - =- /0%*K0%*- '0 =&> )(=$*@&> ?.-=0G-BA,>$0%*=*G-% <0%%-.*0#$-> J '0>*#K0)$-% .-#&> '0 $%-F-:-'&%0> ?-#$0> J '(%-#$0 =)-> -R%Q)&=->BA3&$-)*+# '0 )(=$*@&> ?XbBA

Y$*,6 #& 3/ >/"%2/ 7",3/* #&3 I/R/%+ KIHEYU0

,>$0 @*%(> 0%- 0#'I.*)& '0 )0#$%& J #&%$0 '0 6.IM

%*)-P 0# =- -)$(-=*'-' >0 0#)(0#$%- $-.F*I# 0# 30M*#& Z#*'&P Z)%-#*-P ;<*#-P 1(#R%Q-P "$-=*-P D-/+# 0#$%0 &$%&>A 6K0)$-# - <&%$-=*G->P /=&%#-$& J .-=0G->A7-> <&:-> /%0>0#$-# .-#)<-> #0)%+$*)-> /0L(0ME->AY0)%&>*> 0# =-> @0#->AC%&@&)- 0/*#->$*- ?)(%@-.*0#$& '0 =-> <&:-> <-F-:&BA

C%0@0#)*+# '0 ?438OBA;&./%-% >0.*==- =*F%0 '0 /-$+R0#&>A7*./*-% G&#-> -=0'-E-> -= )(=$*@&P ->Q )&.& 0# 0= .*>.& )(=$*@&A,>$0%*=*G-% <0%%-.*0#$-> J '0>*#K0)$-% .-#&> '0 =&> $%-F-:-'&%0> -#$0> J '0>/(I> )-'- /=-#$- & >(%)&A7- %&$-)*+# '0 )(=$*@&> /-%- '*>.*#(*% 0= %*0>R& '0 )&#$-R*& ?XePXbBA

Y0)%&>*> '0 =-> #0%@-'(%-> 0# =-> <&:-> '0$&.-$0A

80 &F>0%@-# =-> /0L(0E-> .-#)<->#0)%+$*)-> ->Q )&.& 0= )(%@-.*0#$& '0=-> <&:->A

C(0'0 )-(>-% 0#-#*>.&P .&>-*)& 0# =-> <&:->P ->Q )&.& <&:-> -%%(R-'->A 4&'&> 0>Q#$&.-> '0/0#'0# '0 =- 0'-' '0 =- /=-#$- J 0= $*0./& L(0 ==0@0 *#K0)$-'- ?U]BA

"#$%#& '( )%)*+(* '( ,*&#$#-(#, -*$ .*+)*"#&&#, 7 * 8 & "

) $ " / 9

` a b

? U U B a c d b

M

: * / 6

$ 3 9 ` a a

? X U B e a ^ ^

M U a b

d

; 2 $ 3 & 9

` a \

? X X B a d U

M b d c c

. 6 4 /

< / 9

` e b

? c a B ^ c e

M ^ ^ \

c

= , /

) & 1 /

3 / 9

? a ^ X B X X \ d

U X ^ b

> ? @

$ % + 9

` a X

? e e B U ^ e U

M X X X ^

A & * B 9

` a U

? U B ] ^ c

M ] c U d

A / " / 1

C 9

` a ^ ]

? ] B d e e

M c ] ^ ]

D "

$ ) & # E ) / ) & 6 9

` U

? c ^ b B X a ^

M ^ c b e

Page 17: Manual de Tutoreo de Solanaceas

8/16/2019 Manual de Tutoreo de Solanaceas

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/manual-de-tutoreo-de-solanaceas 17/21

Page 18: Manual de Tutoreo de Solanaceas

8/16/2019 Manual de Tutoreo de Solanaceas

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/manual-de-tutoreo-de-solanaceas 18/21

39I %/ 8( @/1/)0&''()@& '( +(''( ( '& '(04& @/' 1*0-&H ? -&) 0(L,( 1/ 8( (+(00()@& '( +(''( ( '&1/&>$0> ?/(0'0 >0% .0'*-#$0 -.-%%0> >0/-%-'&> + 0# 0>/*%-= (#*0#'& =- .-==- J 0= /&>$0BA 80 )&.*0#'- )&=&)-% =- .-==- - (#&> X^ & e^ )0#$Q.0$%&> '0= >(0=&P J- L(0 =-> /=-#$-> - /-%$*%0>- -=$(%- 0> )(-#'& =- /=-#$- %0L(*0%0 '0 >&/&%$0AY&$-S >0 %0)&.*0#'- (#*% 0= -=-.F%0 $0#>&% )&# 0= /%*.0% <*=& '0 =- .-==- ?-.-%%0> /&%0# )-'- )(-'%& & (# -.-%%0 0# 0>/*%-= /&% $&'& 0= -=-.F%0B 0>$& '-%H (# .0:&% >&/&%$0 - )&.&S .0=+#P >-#'*-P )-=-F-G-P /0/*#&A

C&% &$%& =-'& 0T*>$0 (# .I$&'& /-%- )(=$*@&> '0 )<*=0P $&.-$0P F0%0#:0#-P $&.-$0 '0 )-sistema de doble hilera (sistema en “V”, sándwich o doble malla).

;&=&)-)*+# '0= >*>$0.- '0 '&F=0 <*=0%- '0 .-==-P J-)0%)-.*0#$& '0= -.-%%0 0#$%0 =-> .-==->

"#$%#& '( )%)*+(* '( ,*&#$#-(#, -*$ .*+)*"#&&#, 7 * 8 & "

) $ " / 9

` a b

? U U B a c d b

M

: * / 6

$ 3 9 ` a a

? X U B e a ^ ^

M U a b

d

; 2 $ 3 & 9

` a \

? X X B a d U

M b d c c

. 6 4 /

< / 9

` e b

? c a B ^ c e

M ^ ^ \

c

= , /

) & 1 /

3 / 9

? a ^ X B X X \ d

U X ^ b

> ? @

$ % + 9

` a X

? e e B U ^ e U

M X X X ^

A & * B 9

` a U

? U B ] ^ c

M ] c U d

A / " / 1

C 9

` a ^ ]

? ] B d e e

M c ] ^ ]

D "

$ ) & # E ) / ) & 6 9

` U

? c ^ b B X a ^

M ^ c b e

Page 19: Manual de Tutoreo de Solanaceas

8/16/2019 Manual de Tutoreo de Solanaceas

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/manual-de-tutoreo-de-solanaceas 19/21

86 9#: +, &% +:;&, -%&&% ," #:&%"<',%#

Las condiciones climatológicas están cambiando constantemente, lo que ha provocado afecta-)*&#0> 0# =&> )(=$*@&> /&% =&> K(0%$0> @*0#$&>P $&%.0#$-> L(0 $0%.*#-# *#(#'-#'&/%&/*)*-#'& )&#'*)*&#0> '0 <(.0'-' K-@&%-F=0> /-%- =-> 0#K0%.0'-'0> F-)$0%*-#-> J KV#RC-%- /%0@0#*% L(0 =-> -K0)$-)*&#0> /&% 0= )=*.- >*R-# /0%:('*)-#'& - =&> -R%*)(=$&%.0#$-= &"),)+*/* =&> )(=$*@&>A

,= )<*=0P $&.-$0P F0%0#:0#J $&.-$0 '0 )H>)-%-P >&#)(=$*@&> L(0 #0)0>*$-# >R(*-'&>P /0%& -(# .H> L(00>&P #0)0>*$-# (# F(0# >*>M$0.- '0 >&/&%$0P /(0> '0 =&)&#$%-%*& =&> K%($&> $%&G-% =-> %-.->P '&F=-%/0'V#)(=& /%&@&)-#'& >(/%&/*- ->K*T*-[ & =- )&.F*#)*+# '0= /0>& '0 =&> K%($&

7- /&'- 0> (#- /%H)$*)- -R%Q)&=- *./&%$-#$0P /(0> >0 *#)0#$*@- - L(0 =-> /=-#$-> R0#0%0%-.*K*)-)*&#0> ?>0 .0:&%- 0= '0>-%%&==& '0= )(=$*@& J =- K=&%-)*+#BP -J('- 0# =- -*%0$-P .0:&%- =- /%&'())*+# '0 =&> K%($&> ?-= )&%$-% <&:-> J %-.-> >0)-> & '0$0%*&%-'->BP/-='0%- FGHIG>7JJ7E G,/)/ *) -*(@0& @/ #6 O #6 -+H K*/ ./0+,G/ 0/(',P(0 -&) *)( +(?&0 ',IF0%$-' =&> $%-F-:&> '0 /&'- J )&>0)<-P >*# =->$*.-% - =-> /=-#$-> J '0 0>$- K&%.- -(.0#$-$*0./& '0 @*'- V$*= '0 =- /=-#$-A

)==994;2 C4A0

"#$%#& '( )%)*+(* '( ,*&#$#-(#, -*$ .*+)*"#&&#,

7- .-==- 0>/-='0%- FGHIG>7JJ7E , se puede usar en forma de “V” o “sándwich” (6$6)&1/ #&#+R3& 1/33/2T /1G( 8(0,()G/ /) /' *1& @/ '( 1/33/ &64/3#&*/H .0&.&0-,&)( *) +/J&0 1&.&0G/ .(0(=-> <&%$-=*G-> ?>&=-#H)0->BA 7-#+R3& 1/33//0%.*$0 L(0 =-> %-.-> J =&> K%($&> $0#R-# (#- 0>$tura de “apoyo personalizado”; esto quiere decir que, cada rama y/o fruto tendrá un punto de apo-J& L(0 /%0@0#'%H =- /I%'*'- '0 K%($&> /&% =0>*&#0>P %-.-> $%&G-'->P ->K*T*- '0= K%($&0>$0 >*>$0.- '0 >&/&%$0P #& #0)0>*$-> 0>$-% .-#*/(=-#'& )&#>$-#$0.0#$0 =-> /=-#$->P '0.-#0%- /%0@*0#0> =- $%-#>.*>*+# .0)H#*)- '0 <&#R&>P @*%(> Jf& F-)$0%*->A 80 =0 ==-.- )*/"61$56$-" 1&%C"$%/- =- K&%.- 0# =- L(0 >0 /%&/-R-# =-> 0#K0%.0'-'0> /&% )&#$-)$&[ >* =&> :&%$*0#0# )&#$-)$& )&# /=-#$-> *#K0)$-'-> /&% -=RV# <&#R&P @*%(> & F-)$0%*-> J '0>/(I> $#*/(=-# - /=-#$-> >-#->P >0 /%&/-R- =- 0#K0%.0'-'A W0 =- .*>.- .-#0%- >()0'0 )&# <0%%-.*0#M$-> & )&# &F:0$&> L(0 0>$I# 0# )&#$-)$& )&# /=-#$-> 0#K0%.-> J '0>/(I> $&L(0# /=-#$-> >-#-

y vientos fuertes podrían trozar el tallo principal, provocando la muerte de la planta"

A0@4D=70E<4F@ <8@ 7010640 G <8@70 A0770 2@<=7>4389 ;2

B212@H2@0?

7 * 8 & "

) $ " / 9

` a b

? U U B a c d b

M

: * / 6

$ 3 9 ` a a

? X U B e a ^ ^

M U a b

d

; 2 $ 3 & 9

` a \

? X X B a d U

M b d c c

. 6 4 /

< / 9

` e b

? c a B ^ c e

M ^ ^ \

c

= , /

) & 1 /

3 / 9

? a ^ X B X X \ d

U X ^ b

> ? @

$ % + 9

` a X

? e e B U ^ e U

M X X X ^

A & * B 9

` a U

? U B ] ^ c

M ] c U d

A / " / 1

C 9

` a ^ ]

? ] B d e e

M c ] ^ ]

D "

$ ) & # E ) / ) & 6 9

` U

? c ^ b B X a ^

M ^ c b e

Page 20: Manual de Tutoreo de Solanaceas

8/16/2019 Manual de Tutoreo de Solanaceas

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/manual-de-tutoreo-de-solanaceas 20/21

J$)&*/),*/ ;$)/#/ "9I Y(?(I Pérez, J.C., C. L. AguirreIZ()-,''(H [9 \,'I Vega y J. Simpson. 2010. LA DOMESTICACIÓN DE PLANTAS EN MÉXICO: COMC636;"rY W, 76 n2356 ;Z74"O6W6 o 8"7O,843, W, 9o382Y"56 ;3688"n27"6 ?567C"p1"6;,6,BA C27"9246Y";6A 5IT*M)&A CA/AXecMXa\ ?e^B

#9I Z(G(H ]9 ? V9 %('(19 #C"59 %&'()(-/(/9 E()-& @/ 4/0+&.'(1+(9 7VDRQ9 <$$/SffF-#)&'0R0%.&/=->.-A)-$*0A-)A)%>&=-#-)0-0A/</ -&)1*'G(@& /' #" CA^#C"6 :N"B .+

39I _(G*0(',1G(9 $%9 X9 29 7>,'/ $;-/>*)(. -##((. 29 <$$/Sff)&#-F*&A*#-$(%-=*>$A&%Rf$-T-fbdaUbM;-/>*)(.M-##((. -&)1*'G(@& /'#:^CA^#C"6 3N6;.+

59I SIAP. 2014. Cierre de la producción agrícola por cultivo. <$$/SffhhhA>*-/AR&FA.Tf)*0%%0M'0M=-M/%&'())*&#M-R)(=$*@&f -&)1*'G(@& /' 3"^CA^#C"6 6N#B.+9

69I Z,),1G/0,& @/ (40,-*'G*0(9 #C"69 M( E/0/)J/)(9 <$$/SffhhhA-R%*)(=$(%-AR&FA'&f/0%K*=0>f=&>M@0R0$-=0>f=-MF0%0# -&)1*'G(@&C"^CB^#C"6 5N##.+

:9I Z(G(H ]9 ? V9 %('(19 8&=-#(. =J)&/0%>*)(.9 E()-& @/ 4/0+&.'(1+( 7VDRQ9 <$$/SffF-#)&'0R0%.&/=->.-A)-$*0A-)A)%>&=-#(.j=J)&/0%>*)(.A/</ -&)1*'G(@& CA^CB^#C"6 6N#C.+

;9I GonzálezIM(8(*G ]9 V9H Z&)G/1 @/ W-(I Rojas, Y., DomínguezIMesa, M.I. Breve reseña de la especie Solanum melongena L. Rev;(F-#- C=-#$ 50' s%0@*>$- 0# =- "#$0%#0$tA X^^] 80/ s)*$-'& X^Ua 80/ ^ct [ UX?eBS A W*>/&#*F=0 0#S <$$/Sff>)*0=&A>>)%*/$k>)*j-%$$0T$l/*'k8U^XdMb]c\X^^]^^ e^^^^\l=#Rk0>

A9IHernandez, S. 2010. Recopilación y análisis de la información existente de las especies del género Capsicum que crecen y se)(=$*@-# 0# 5IT*)&A "Y"n6CA <$$/SffhhhAF*&'*@0%>*'-'AR&FA.TfR0#0>f)0#$%&>2%*R0#f;-/>*)(.f"#K&%.0jn*#-=f"##C7(.1,-*+9.@L -&)1*'G(@& CB^CB #C"6 :NC:.+

cAMp%*KK*#P DA UccUA 50)<-#*)-= ;&#'*$*&#*#R K&% ;&#$%&= &K p%&h$< -#' u(-=*$J &K O0R0$-F=0 4%-#>/=-#$>A 12'0 p*&%R*-A X\?UXBA

U^AM9"WW"Yp42YP YA Ucd\A 4<0 0KK0)$> &K .0)<-#*)-==JM*#'()0' >$%0>> *# /=-#$> M - %0@*0hA C=-#$ p%&h$< 30R(=U^eMUXeA

""9I Borboa Flores, Jesús, Rueda Puente, Edgar O., Acedo Félix, Evelia, Ponce, Juan F., Cruz, Manuel, Grimaldo Juárez, Onécimo,p-%)Q- 2%$0R-P 6'%*H# 5AA W,4,;;"rY W, ;=-@*F-)$0% .*)<*R-#0#>*> >(F0>/0)*0 .*)<*R-#0#>*> ,Y ,7 42564, W,7 ,846W2 W,82Y236P 5vN";2A 30@*>$- n*$&$0)#*- 50T*)-#- s0# =*#0-t X^^cP eX ?2)$(F%0MW*)*0.F%0B S sn0)<- '0 )&#>(=$-S UU '0 >0/$*#C"6` a,1.&),<'/ /)Nb>GG.N^^ccc90/@('?-9&04^(0G,-*'&9&(d,@e:"C"";ABCCBf R%%_ C"A;I;3AC

"#9IGarcia, R. S. 2013. Cáncer bacteriano (Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis) en tomate. de Riego La Revista. <$$/Sff0'*$&%*-='0%*0R&A)&.f*#@0%#-'0%&>M)#)0%MF-)$0%*-#&M)=-@*F-)$0%M.*)<*R-#0#>*>M>(F>/M.*)<*R-#0#>*>M0#M$& -&)1*'G(@&""^CB^#C"6 :N#:.+

"39I Gomez, V., L. Barbolla., A. Briuolo., D. Piñero. y M. Martinez. (S. F.) Recopilación de información acerca de la evolución'0= RI#0M%& C<J>-=*> 0# 5IT*)& J '0= &%*R0# J '*@0%>*'-' '0 C<J>-=*> /<*=-'0=/<*)- ?$&.-$0 @0%'0BA ;2Y69"2A <$$/SffhhhAF*&'*@0R0#0>f)0#$%&>2%*R0#fC<J>-=*>fC%&J0)$&fC%&J0)$&mX^C<J>-=*>A/'K -&)1*'G(@& /' ""^CB^#C"6 "#N3#.+

"59I7(01G/)1/)H [9 #C"59 7(0(-G/0,P(-,&) +&'/-*'(0 ? -0,&.0/1/08(-,&) @/ G&+(G/ @/ -(1-(0( $=>?1(',1 ,O&-(0.( E0&G9 /O9 S&0+29 U #*M@0%>*'-' 6($+#&.- '0 ;<-/*#R&A 5IT*)&A CA/A daA 40>*> /%0>0#$-'- )&.& %0L(*>*$& /-%)*-= /-%- &F$0#0% 0= R%-'& '0S 5-0>)*-> ,# 9*&$0)#&=&R*- 6R%*)&=-A

"69I Almodovar, W. 2008. Enfermedades de las Solanáceas. Clínica al Día. <$$/Sff-)-'0.*)A(/%.A0'(fh-=.&'&@-%fh*-eA<$. -&)1*'G(I'& 0= UUf^cfX^Ua U^Sa^-.

":9I Del Carmen, M. 2002. Densidades de plantación, poda y entutorado, en cultivos de tomate protegido. Informe sobre la industr *-<&%$*)&=-A 30@A ,T$%-A CA/A cdMU^d <$$/SffhhhA<&%$*)&.A)&.f/'f*.-R0#0>fabf]c\fab]c\A/'K

";9I Q' 8,0*1 =Fg /) .,+,/)G&9 Z(@0,@9<$$/SffhhhA-F)-R%&A)&.f<&%$-=*G->f*#K&%.0>f/@JA->/ ./0G/)/-/ ( ,)L&(40&9-&+ -&)1*'G(@& #"^CB^#C"6 "CN53(+

UdAM 8)<&=$<&KP wM9A pA X^^^A 4&F-))& 5&>-*) O*%(>A 4<0 C=-#$ 10-=$ "#>$%()$&%A 40T-> 6l5 Z#*@0%>*$JA ;&#>(=hhhA-/>#0$A&%Rf0')0#$0%f*#$%&//f=0>>&#>f@*%(>0>fC-R0>f4&F-))&5&>-*)A->/T )&#>(=$-'& XUf^cfX^Ua UUSX\-.

"B9I Z,'(H Z9 #C"C9 D&<(--& Z&1(,- F,0*1 &1 D&<(--&9 C=-#$ W*>0->0 n-)$ 8<00$>A Y; 8464, ZY"O,38"4oA <$$/SffhhhA)-=>A#)>(A0'(f/=-#$/-$<f0T$0#>*&#f)=*#*)fK-)$j><00$>f*#'0TA/</i'&k'*>0->0l*'kUc )&#>(=$-'& XUf^cfX^Ua UXSU]/.

#C9IF,0*1 @/' +&1(,-& @/' G(<(-&9 <$$/SffhhhA0)(%0'A)(f*#'0TA/</fO*%(>j'0=j.&>-*)&j'0=j$-F-)& -&)1*'G(@& "#^CB^#C"6 "#N6C.+

#"9I Gonzalez, E., G. Sanromá, L. Rovesti y R. Palma. 2006. Manejo integrado de plagas; Manual Practico. Cataluña, España. 564 p 9

##9I 7()-/0 E(-G/0,()& @/' D&+(G/ <$$/>SffhhhA>00'L(0>$A)&.f>&=($*&#>f)f)%&//%&$0)$*&#f'*>0->0>f/'Kf$&.-$&j)-#)0%F-)$0% )&#>(=$-'& ^XfU^fX^Ua UXSU]/.

#39I Gómez, J., R. Hernandez, F., L., Osuna. G., J. A. y Martínez, B., M. 2013. Virus fitopatógenos que afectan al cultivo de to.-$0 0#0= 0>$-'& '0 Y-J-%*$A "Y"n6CP ;"3C6;A ;-./& ,T/0%*.0#$-= 8-#$*-R& "T)(*#$=-A n&==0$& 4I)#*)& YV.A XaP 8-#$*-R& "T)(*#$=5IT*)&A

#59I F,0*1 /) .'()G(19 "BBBI#C"69 <$$/SffhhhAF&$-#*)-=M&#=*#0A)&.f@*%(>j0#j/=-#$->A<$.=x/%0@0#)*&# -&)1*'G(@& #6^CB^#C"6""NC6(+

"#$%#& '( )%)*+(* '( ,*&#$#-(#, -*$ .*+)*"#&&#, 7 * 8 & "

) $ " / 9

` a b

? U U B a c d b

M

: * / 6

$ 3 9 ` a a

? X U B e a ^ ^

M U a b

d

; 2 $ 3 & 9

` a \

? X X B a d U

M b d c c

. 6 4 /

< / 9

` e b

? c a B ^ c e

M ^ ^ \

c

= , /

) & 1 /

3 / 9

? a ^ X B X X \ d

U X ^ b

> ? @

$ % + 9

` a X

? e e B U ^ e U

M X X X ^

A & * B 9

` a U

? U B ] ^ c

M ] c U d

A / " / 1

C 9

` a ^ ]

? ] B d e e

M c ] ^ ]

D "

$ ) & # E ) / ) & 6 9

` U

? c ^ b B X a ^

M ^ c b e

Page 21: Manual de Tutoreo de Solanaceas

8/16/2019 Manual de Tutoreo de Solanaceas

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/manual-de-tutoreo-de-solanaceas 21/21

#69I FAOSTAT. 2015. Producción de productos alimentarios y agrícolas/ por país. <$$/SffK-&>$-$eAK-&A&%RfF%&h>0f%-#_*#R>f)&..&'*$*0>jFJj)&(#$%Jf8 -&)1*'G(@& C#^"C^#C"6 6N#3.+9

#:9I FAOSTAT. 2015. Producción de productos alimentarios/ Países por producto. <$$/SffK-&>$-$eAK-&A&%RfF%&h>0f%-#_*#R>f)&(#$%*0>jFJj)&..&'*$Jf8 -&)1*'G(@& C#^"C^#C"6 6N#A.+

#;9I Productores de hortalizas. 2006. Plagas y enfermedades del tomate; Guía de identificación y manejo. <$$/Sff@0R0$-F=0.'&#=*#0A//-$<A)&%#0==A0'(fY0h>6%$*)=0>f4&.-$&j8/-#*><A/'K -&)1*'G(@& /' C6I"CI#C"6 "#N3:.+9

#A9ITOLEDO, L. G. 2004. EVALUACIÓN DEL EFECTO DE TRES PODAS EN EL RENDIMIENTO DEL CULTIVO DE LA BERENY6 ?8&=-#(. .0=&#R0#- 7ABP 96D2 56Y,D2 W, C3q;4";68 23pqY";68 ,Y 86Y D28v 76 636W6P ;1"uZ"5Z76A ZY"O,38"MW6W W, 86Y ;63728 W, pZ64,5676P CA \dA $0>*> /%0>0#$-'- /-%- &F$0#0% 0= R%-'& '0 "#RA 6R%+#&.&A

#B9 – González, R. (2013, Enero 17). MONOGRAFÍA DEL TOMATE DE CASCARA (1-2$"3%$ %45&"6#", Brot). Agronomía. Consultado

0= XdfU^fX^Ua USbd/.A <$$/SffR0#0$*)-M%0JAF=&R>/&$A.TfX^Uef^Uf$&.-$0M'0M)->)-%-A<$.=

3C9 – %,''/0I Cepeda, J., M. Báez, A. Sañudo y R. Báez. 2002. Manual de buenas practicas agrícolas. Centro de Investigación en Ali-

.0#$-)*+# J W0>-%%&==&P 6A;AA C%*.0%- 0'*)*+#A ;(=*-)H#P 5IT*)&A ]^/A

3"9 – Infojardin. Pimientos, Ají, Pimiento morrón, Pimientos morrones.<$$/SffK*)<->A*#K&:-%'*#A)&.f<&%$-=*G->M@0%'(%->

/*.*0#$&M.&%%&#M/*.*0#$&>M.&%%&#0>A<$. -&)1*'G(@& CB^"C^#C"6 ( '(1 C;N56.+9

3#9 – SIAP. 2014. Chile verde morrón. http://www.siap.gob.mx/chileI8/0@/I+&00&)^ -&)1*'G(@& "A^""^#C"6 "NCC.+9

339I R)L&(40&9 Q' -*'G,8& @/' .,+,/)G& .(0G/ "9 >GG.N^^ccc9,)L&(40&9-&+ >&0G(',P(1^.,+,/)G&9>G+ -&)1*'G(@& "A^""^#C"6 ( '( "NCC.+

359I García S. A., y Nava P. R., J. 2009. El chile jalapeño: su cultivo de temporal en Quintana Roo. Instituto Nacional de Inves$*R-)*&M

#0> n&%0>$-=0>P 6R%Q)&=-> J C0)(-%*->A ;0#$%& '0 "#@0>$*R-)*+# 30R*&#-= 8(%0>$0A ;<0$(.-=P u(*#$-#- 3&&P 5IT*)&

Y&A XA \b /A

369 – Hernández. S., P. Lopez, S. Verduzco y M. Meraz. 2010. Recopilación y análisis de la información existente de las especies '0=

RI#0%& ;-/>*)(. L(0 )%0)0# J >0 )(=$*@-# 0# 5IT*)&A C%*.0% *#K&%.0A "Y"n6CA <$$/SffhhhAF*&'*@0%>*'-'AR&FA.TfR0#0>^

;-/>*)(.fU0%j"#K&%.0fC%*.0%mX *#K&%.0mX^;-/>*)(.A/'K )&#>(=$-'& UdfUUfX^Ua - =-> UXS^a/.A

3:9 – Soto, P. 2014. La importancia de la poda. Paulino Soto Servicios Agrícolas. http://riegoporgoteo.net/laI,+.&0G()-,(I@/I'(I. &'-f

)&#>(=$-'& UcfUUfX^Ua US^X/.A

9 ` a b

? U U B a c d b

M

: * / 6

$ 3 9 ` a a

? X U B e a ^ ^

M U a b

d

; 2 $ 3 & 9

` a \

? X X B a d U

M b d c c

. 6 4 /

< / 9

` e b

? c a B ^ c e

M ^ ^ \

c

= , /

) & 1 /

3 / 9

? a ^ X B X X \ d

U X ^ b

> ? @

$ % + 9

` a X

? e e B U ^ e U

M X X X ^

A & * B 9

` a U

? U B ] ^ c

M ] c U d

A / " / 1

C 9

` a ^ ]

? ] B d e e

M c ] ^ ]

D "

$ ) & # E ) / ) & 6 9

` U

? c ^ b B X a ^

M ^ c b e