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Page 1: Martingale (probability theory)Martingale (probability theory), a stochastic process in which the conditional expectation of the next value, given the

Page 2: Martingale (probability theory)Martingale (probability theory), a stochastic process in which the conditional expectation of the next value, given the

Martingale (probability theory), a stochastic process in which the conditional expectation of the next value, given the current and preceding values, is the current valueMartingale (tack) for horsesMartingale (collar) for dogs and other animalsMartingale (betting system)Martingale (rigging)In the sport of fencing, a martingale is a strap attached to the sword handle to prevent a sword from being dropped if disarmed.In the theatrical lighting industry, a Martingale is an obsolete term for a twofer, or occasionally a threefer.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martingale_%28probability_theory%29

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martingale_%28tack%29

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martingale_%28collar%29

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martingale_%28betting_system%29

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martingale_%28rigging%29

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fencing

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Twofer

Page 3: Martingale (probability theory)Martingale (probability theory), a stochastic process in which the conditional expectation of the next value, given the

Page 4: Martingale (probability theory)Martingale (probability theory), a stochastic process in which the conditional expectation of the next value, given the

The concept of martingale in probability theory was introduced by Paul Pierre Lévy, and much of the original development of the theory was done by Joseph Leo Doob. Part of the motivation for that work was to show the impossibility of successful betting strategies.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Pierre_L%C3%A9vy

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Pierre_L%C3%A9vy

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Leo_Doob

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Leo_Doob

Page 5: Martingale (probability theory)Martingale (probability theory), a stochastic process in which the conditional expectation of the next value, given the

Page 6: Martingale (probability theory)Martingale (probability theory), a stochastic process in which the conditional expectation of the next value, given the

Page 7: Martingale (probability theory)Martingale (probability theory), a stochastic process in which the conditional expectation of the next value, given the

Page 8: Martingale (probability theory)Martingale (probability theory), a stochastic process in which the conditional expectation of the next value, given the

Page 9: Martingale (probability theory)Martingale (probability theory), a stochastic process in which the conditional expectation of the next value, given the

Page 10: Martingale (probability theory)Martingale (probability theory), a stochastic process in which the conditional expectation of the next value, given the

Page 11: Martingale (probability theory)Martingale (probability theory), a stochastic process in which the conditional expectation of the next value, given the

Page 12: Martingale (probability theory)Martingale (probability theory), a stochastic process in which the conditional expectation of the next value, given the

Page 13: Martingale (probability theory)Martingale (probability theory), a stochastic process in which the conditional expectation of the next value, given the

Page 14: Martingale (probability theory)Martingale (probability theory), a stochastic process in which the conditional expectation of the next value, given the

Page 15: Martingale (probability theory)Martingale (probability theory), a stochastic process in which the conditional expectation of the next value, given the

Page 16: Martingale (probability theory)Martingale (probability theory), a stochastic process in which the conditional expectation of the next value, given the

Page 17: Martingale (probability theory)Martingale (probability theory), a stochastic process in which the conditional expectation of the next value, given the

Page 18: Martingale (probability theory)Martingale (probability theory), a stochastic process in which the conditional expectation of the next value, given the

Page 19: Martingale (probability theory)Martingale (probability theory), a stochastic process in which the conditional expectation of the next value, given the

Page 20: Martingale (probability theory)Martingale (probability theory), a stochastic process in which the conditional expectation of the next value, given the

Page 21: Martingale (probability theory)Martingale (probability theory), a stochastic process in which the conditional expectation of the next value, given the

Page 22: Martingale (probability theory)Martingale (probability theory), a stochastic process in which the conditional expectation of the next value, given the

Page 23: Martingale (probability theory)Martingale (probability theory), a stochastic process in which the conditional expectation of the next value, given the

Page 24: Martingale (probability theory)Martingale (probability theory), a stochastic process in which the conditional expectation of the next value, given the

Page 25: Martingale (probability theory)Martingale (probability theory), a stochastic process in which the conditional expectation of the next value, given the

Page 26: Martingale (probability theory)Martingale (probability theory), a stochastic process in which the conditional expectation of the next value, given the

Page 27: Martingale (probability theory)Martingale (probability theory), a stochastic process in which the conditional expectation of the next value, given the

Page 28: Martingale (probability theory)Martingale (probability theory), a stochastic process in which the conditional expectation of the next value, given the

Page 29: Martingale (probability theory)Martingale (probability theory), a stochastic process in which the conditional expectation of the next value, given the

Page 30: Martingale (probability theory)Martingale (probability theory), a stochastic process in which the conditional expectation of the next value, given the

Page 31: Martingale (probability theory)Martingale (probability theory), a stochastic process in which the conditional expectation of the next value, given the

Page 32: Martingale (probability theory)Martingale (probability theory), a stochastic process in which the conditional expectation of the next value, given the

Page 33: Martingale (probability theory)Martingale (probability theory), a stochastic process in which the conditional expectation of the next value, given the

Page 34: Martingale (probability theory)Martingale (probability theory), a stochastic process in which the conditional expectation of the next value, given the

Page 35: Martingale (probability theory)Martingale (probability theory), a stochastic process in which the conditional expectation of the next value, given the

Page 36: Martingale (probability theory)Martingale (probability theory), a stochastic process in which the conditional expectation of the next value, given the

Page 37: Martingale (probability theory)Martingale (probability theory), a stochastic process in which the conditional expectation of the next value, given the

Page 38: Martingale (probability theory)Martingale (probability theory), a stochastic process in which the conditional expectation of the next value, given the

Page 39: Martingale (probability theory)Martingale (probability theory), a stochastic process in which the conditional expectation of the next value, given the

Page 40: Martingale (probability theory)Martingale (probability theory), a stochastic process in which the conditional expectation of the next value, given the

Page 41: Martingale (probability theory)Martingale (probability theory), a stochastic process in which the conditional expectation of the next value, given the

Page 42: Martingale (probability theory)Martingale (probability theory), a stochastic process in which the conditional expectation of the next value, given the

Page 43: Martingale (probability theory)Martingale (probability theory), a stochastic process in which the conditional expectation of the next value, given the

Page 44: Martingale (probability theory)Martingale (probability theory), a stochastic process in which the conditional expectation of the next value, given the

Page 45: Martingale (probability theory)Martingale (probability theory), a stochastic process in which the conditional expectation of the next value, given the

Page 46: Martingale (probability theory)Martingale (probability theory), a stochastic process in which the conditional expectation of the next value, given the

Page 47: Martingale (probability theory)Martingale (probability theory), a stochastic process in which the conditional expectation of the next value, given the

Page 48: Martingale (probability theory)Martingale (probability theory), a stochastic process in which the conditional expectation of the next value, given the

Page 49: Martingale (probability theory)Martingale (probability theory), a stochastic process in which the conditional expectation of the next value, given the

Page 50: Martingale (probability theory)Martingale (probability theory), a stochastic process in which the conditional expectation of the next value, given the

Page 51: Martingale (probability theory)Martingale (probability theory), a stochastic process in which the conditional expectation of the next value, given the

Page 52: Martingale (probability theory)Martingale (probability theory), a stochastic process in which the conditional expectation of the next value, given the

Page 53: Martingale (probability theory)Martingale (probability theory), a stochastic process in which the conditional expectation of the next value, given the

Page 54: Martingale (probability theory)Martingale (probability theory), a stochastic process in which the conditional expectation of the next value, given the

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